Gaya Batang PDF
Gaya Batang PDF
Yusuf/FT Untan
STATIKA II
I. JENIS-JENIS RANGKA BATANG
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
C
2
16
B
1
17
18
19
15
14
F
20
13
A
21
8
9
I
2
J
L
PANJANG BATANG :
L7 = L8 = L9 = L10 = L11 = L12 = L/6
L1 = L7 sec 1
L2 = (L7 + L8) sec 1 L1
L3 = (L7 + L8 + L9) sec 1 L1 L2
L4 = (L10 + L11 + L12) sec 2 L5 L6
L5 = (L11 + L12) sec 2 L6
L6 = L12 sec 2
L13 = L7 tan 1
L14 = L82 + L132
L15 = (L7 + L8) tan 1
L16 = L92 + L152
L17 = (L7 + L8 + L9) tan 1
L18 = L102 + L192
L19 = (L11 + L12) tan 2
L20 = L112 + L212
L21 = L12 tan 2
2 11
10
K
6
12
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
csc = 1/sin
sec = 1/cos
cot = 1/tan
tan =
sin
cos
Hukum sinus:
b
c
a
=
=
sin sin sin
a
b
Hukum kosinus:
a2 = b2 + c2 2bc cos
c
b2 = a2 + c2 2ac cos
c2 = a2 + b2 2ab cos
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
GD
GC
GE
D
4
3
GB
2
GA
17
16
B
1
GF
18
19
15
14
20
13
A
21
2 11
10
K
GG
F
6
12
L
RAV
RGV
GA
Titik A
V=0 RAV GA + S1 sin 1 = 0
S1 = (GA RAV) csc 1
H=0 S7 + S1 cos 1 = 0
S7
S7 = S1 cos 1
RAV
S13
Titik H
V=0 S13 = 0
H=0 S7 + S8 = 0
S8 = S7
S7
S8
H
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
Titik B
GB
S2
S14
S1
S13
S15
Titik I
V=0
S14
S9 S8 S14 cos 1 = 0
S8
S9
S9 = S8 + S14 cos 1
Titik C
V=0
GC
S3
C
1
H=0
S2 cos 1 + S3 cos 1 + S16 cos 1 = 0
S2 cos 1 S3 cos 1
S16 =
cos 1
S2 cos 1
S16 =
S16 =
S16 =
S16 =
cos 1
cos 1
S16 +
1
1
S16
S2
S15
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
WD1
WC1
WD2
WE2
D
m4
m3
WB1 WB1 cos 1
m2
1
WB1 sin 1
m1
WA1
RAH1
d1
h2
H
d3
WG2
v4
v2
d1
h1
m5
v3
B
v1
WF2
d4
m6
v5
1
h3
I
2
J
h4
h5
h6
L
2 G
L
RAV1
RGV2
Ga
k
ris
ja
B1
ker
aW
erj
ris
Ga
W A1
RGH2
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
Menghitung gaya batang
Titik A:
V = 0 RAV1 WA1 cos 1 + m1 sin 1 = 0 m1 = (WA1 cos 1 RAV1) csc 1
m1 = WA1 cot 1 RAV1 csc 1
H = 0 h1 RAH1 + WA1 sin 1 + m1 cos 1 = 0
h1 = RAH1 WA1 sin 1 m1 cos 1
Titik H:
V = 0 v1 = 0
H = 0 h2 = h1
Titik B:
H = 0 m1 cos 1 + WB1 sin 1 + m2 cos 1 + d1 cos 1 = 0
m2 = m1 WB1 tan 1 d1 cos 1 sec 1
V = 0 WB1 cos 1 m1 sin 1 d1 sin 1 + m2 sin 1 = 0
d1 = WB1 cos 1 csc 1 + (m2 m1) sin 1 csc 1
d1 = WB1 cos 1 csc 1 + {(m1 WB1 tan 1 d1 cos 1 sec 1) m1} sin 1 csc 1
d1 = WB1 cos 1 csc 1 + (WB1 tan 1 d1 cos 1 sec 1) sin 1 csc 1
d1 = WB1 cos 1 csc 1 WB1 tan 1 sin 1 csc 1 d1 cot 1 tan 1
d1 = WB1 csc 1 (cos 1 + tan 1 sin 1) d1 cot 1 tan 1
d1 =
Titik I:
H = 0 h3 h2 d1 cos 1 = 0
h3 = h2 + d1 cos 1
V = 0 V2 + d1 sin 1 = 0
v2 = d1 sin 1
Titik C:
H = 0 WC1 sin 1 + m3 cos 1 + d2 cos 1 m2 cos 1 = 0
m3 = m2 WC1 tan 1 d2 cos 1 sec 1
V = 0 WC1 cos 1 m2 sin 1 v2 d2 sin 1 + m3 sin 1 = 0
d2 = WC1 cos 1 csc 1 v2 csc 1 + (m3 m2) sin 1 csc 1
d2 = (WC1 cos 1 + v2) csc 1 + {(m2 WC1 tan 1 d2 cos 1 sec 1) m2} sin 1 csc 1
d2 = (WC1 cos 1 + v2) csc 1 WC1 tan 1 sin 1 csc 1 d2 tan 1 cot 1
d2 =
d2 =
Titik D:
H = 0 m3 cos 1 + WD1 sin 1 + WD2 sin 2 + m4 cos 2 = 0
m4 = m3 cos 1 sec 2 WD1 sin 1 sec 2 WD2 tan 2
V = 0 WD1 cos 1 + WD2 cos 2 m4 sin 2 v3 m3 sin 1 = 0
v3 = WD2 cos 2 WD1 cos 1 m4 sin 2 m3 sin 1
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
Titik J:
V = 0 V3 + d3 sin 2 + d2 sin 1 = 0
d3 = v3 csc 2 d2 sin 1 csc 1
H = 0 h4 h3 d2 cos 1 + d3 cos 2 = 0
h4 = h3 + d2 cos 1 d3 cos 2
Titik E:
H = 0 m5 cos 2 + WE2 sin 2 m4 cos 2 d3 cos 1 = 0
m5 = m4 WE2 tan 2 + d3 cos 2 sec 2
V = 0 WE2 cos 2 + m4 sin 2 d3 sin 2 v4 m5 sin 2 = 0
v4 = WE2 cos 2 + (m4 m5) sin 2 d3 sin 2
Titik K:
V = 0 v4 + d4 sin 2 = 0
v4 = v4 csc 2
H = 0 h5 h4 + d4 cos 2 = 0
h5 = h4 d4 cos 2
Titik L:
V = 0 v5 = 0
H = 0 h6 = h5
Titik F:
V = 0 d4 sin 2 + m5 sin 2 + WF2 cos 2 m6 sin 2 = 0
m6 = d4 sin 2 csc 2 + m5 + WF2 cot 2
Titik G (sebagai kontrol):
V = 0 RGV2 + WG2 cos 2 + m6 sin 2 = 0
m6 = RGV2 csc 2 WG2 cot 2
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
D
m4
m3
C
m2
d1
B
m1
m5
v3
d3
v4
v2
d1
F
d4
v1
1 h 1
v5
h2
h3
I
PH
PA
PI
2 h5
h4
PJ
m6
h6
PK
PL
PG
L
RAV
RGV
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
d1 = ( d1 cos 1 tan 1 v1) csc 1
d1 = d1 cot 1 tan 1 v1 csc 1
d1 =
v1 csc 1
1 + cot 1 tan 1
Titik I
V = 0 PI + v2 + d1 sin 1 = 0
v2 = PI d1 sin 1
H = 0 h3 h2 d1 cos 1 = 0
h3 = h2 + d1 cos 1
Titik C
H = 0 m2 cos 1 + m3 cos 1 + d2 cos 1 = 0
m3 = m2 d2 cos 1 sec 1
V = 0 v2 m2 sin 1 + m3 sin 1 d2 sin 1 = 0
d2 = v2 csc 1 + (m3 m2) sin 1 csc 1
d2 = v2 csc 1 + {(m2 d2 cos 1 sec 1) m2} sin 1 csc 1
d2 = v2 csc 1 d2 tan 1 cot 1
d2 =
v2 csc 1
1 + tan 1 cot 1
Titik D
H = 0 m4 cos 2 m3 cos 1 = 0
m4 = m3 cos 1 sec 2
V = 0 v3 m3 sin 1 m4 sin 2 = 0
v3 = m3 sin 1 m4 sin 2
Titik J
H = 0 h4 h3 d2 cos 1 + d3 cos 2 = 0
h4 = h3 + d2 cos 1 d3 cos 2
V = 0 PJ + v3 + d2 sin 1 + d3 sin 2 = 0
d3 = PJ csc 2 v3 csc 2 d2 sin 1 csc 2
d3 = (PJ v3 d2 sin 1) csc 2
Titik E
H = 0 m5 cos 2 d3 cos 2 m4 cos 2 = 0
m5 = d3 cos 2 sec 2 + m4
V = 0 v4 d3 sin 2 + m4 sin 2 m5 sin 2 = 0
v4 = (m4 m5) sin 2 d3 sin 2
Titik K
V = 0 v4 + d4 sin 2 PK = 0
d4 = (PK v4) csc 2
H = 0 h5 h4 + d4 cos 2 = 0
h5 = h4 d4 cos 2
10
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
Titik L
h6 = h5
V5 = PL
Titik F
H = 0 m6 cos 2 d4 cos 2 m5 cos 2 = 0
m6 = m5 + d4 cos 2 sec 2
Titik G
V = 0 m6 sin 2 PG + RGV = 0
m6 = (PG RGV) csc 2
11
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
12
GD
GC
GE
D
4
2
GB
2
GA
14
17
16
GF
18
19
15
20
13
A
7
H
10
11
21
8
GG
12
3
4
RA
b
RG
GA
1
GB
2
R
RA
GC
4
GD
5
GE
6
b
RG
GF
8
GG
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
13
WD2
WD1
WE2
4
3
5
WB1
2
WA1
16
15
18
19
14
13
17
7
H
10
6
11
K
1
R
7
O
9
1
R
2
WA1
8
3
WB1
WF2
4
5
WC1
WE2
WD1
WD2
WG2
6
12
WG2
F
20
21
WF2
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
14
WD2
WD1
WC1
WE2
4
3
WB1
C
2
WA1
17
16
B
1
18
19
15
14
WF2
5
20
13
21
RA
R
RA
11
K
6
12
RG
10
WG2
RG
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
15
Jika kedua langkah di atas digabung dalam satu halaman maka gambarnya menjadi sebagai berikut.
WD2
WD1
WC1
WE2
4
3
5
WB1
2
WA1
16
1
13
7
18
19
15
14
17
8
H
RA
WF2
21
9
10
11
6
12
WG2
F
20
RG
1
R
O
9
1
R
2
WA1
8
3
WG2
7
a
WB1
4
WF2
6
5
WC1
R
WE2
RA
WD1
WD2
RG
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
16
WD2
WD1
A.2.1 Cara Maxwell (cara poligon)
WC1
WE2
4
3
WB1
C
2
WA1
17
16
B
1
WF2
18
19
15
14
13
21
10
11
WG2
F
20
6
G
12
RA
RG
+S7
WA1
-S1
WA1
RA
RA
+S7
+S7
-S1
RA
WA1
WA1
RA
+S7
-S1
Titik H:
+S7, +S8
-S1
WB1
WB1
-S14
-S1
Titik I: (ada 4 empat alternatif)
+S8
+S9
+S15
-S14
+S9
+S8
-S14
+S15
+S9
-S14
+S15
+S8
+S15
+S9
+S8
-S14
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
17
WD1
WC1
WE2
4
3
WB1
C
2
WA1
17
16
B
1
WF2
5
18
14
20
13
WG2
19
15
21
8
H
10
11
12
RA
RG
G2
WA
RA
WB
F2
E2
S
4
0
+S2
WD
D2
WC
+S 3
+S10
-S19
+S
1
16
S
-S14
+S15
+S9
+S7,+S8
RG
+S6
S 1
Titik H:
WA1
RA
+S7, +S8
-S1
+S7
Titik B:
Titik I:
-S1
+S8
WB1
-S14
-S14
+S15
+S9
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
18
Alternatif II:
WD2
WD1
f
WC1
WB1
C
5
WA1
A
WE2
3
4
WG2
WF2
10
RA
a
RG
c
1,2
i
4
a,9,10
h,8
d,3
e
5,6
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
19
O
1
2
P1
3
P1
P3
F
P5
P4
P5
RA
g
P6
B
P4
P3
RB
e
P2
6 P6
RA
P2
b
RB
b
g
a,4
2,3
P12
f
e
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
20
B. CARA POTONGAN
GD
S3
GC
M
GB
16
1
1
14
18
19
15
13
A
17
8
H
GF
2
GA
GE
20
21
11
JJ
L
RAV
2 11
10S9
K
GG
F
6
12
S16
RGV
Menghitung S9:
Tinjau momen terhadap titik C:
MC = 0 RAV AI GA AI GB HI S9 CI = 0
S9 =
RAV AI GA AI GB HI
CI
Menghitung S16:
Tinjau momen terhadap titik A:
MA = 0 GB AH + GC AI + S16 AM = 0
S16 =
GB AH GC AI
S16 =
GB AH GC AI
AM
AJ sin 1
di mana
tan 1 = CI / IJ 1 = atan ( CI / IJ )
Menghitung S3:
Tinjau momen terhadap titik J:
MJ = 0 RAV AJ GA AJ GB HJ GC IJ + S3 JN =0
S3 =
RAV AJ + GA AJ + GB HJ + GC IJ
S3 =
RAV AJ + GA AJ + GB HJ + GC IJ
JN
AJ sin 1
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
21
(b) Contoh 2
10
6
2
B
RA
tan 60 = H / ( AB )
Tinjau bagian kiri potongan I-I:
Menghitung batang S2:
MF = 0 RA AD P
maka didapat S2 =..
EF S2 H = 0
Menghitung S10:
MB = 0 RA AB P AB + S10 H = 0
maka didapat S10 =..
D
RD
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
22
P1
P3
P2
P4
i
P
38
28
39
29
30
31
ii
atau
19
18
RA
P7
D
iii
17
P6
I
16
P5
ii
iii
RG
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
23
(d) Contoh 4
S16
GC
DD
S3
4
3
GB
2
GA
1
A
8
H
RAV
18
2
1
2 I
20
21
2
JJ
Menghitung S16:
MA = 0 GB AH + GC AI S16 AM = 0
Menghitung S3:
MI = 0 RAV AI GA AI GB HI + S3 AI sin 1 = 0
maka didapat S3 =
Menghitung S9:
MD = 0 RAV AJ GA AJ GB HJ GC IJ S9 DJ = 0
maka didapat S9 =
2 11
10 S9
K
GG
19
16
14
13
17
15
GF
6
12
RGV
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
24
WD1
WE2
4
3
WB1
C
2
WA1
17
3
B
1
16
5
19
13
A
7
WG2
6
WC1
12
4 21
11
WB1
F
O
20
RA
10
WA1 WF2
51
2
18
15
14
Rki
RA
RG
Rki
5
D
4
3
C
2
16
B
1
17
18
19
15
14
F
20
13
A
21
8
10
11
K
+S9
+S3
+S9
Rki
-S16
12
L
Rki
Rki
6
G
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
25
Alternatif II:
D
4
3
C
2
16
B
1
14
17
18
19
15
F
20
13
A
21
8
9
I
10
11
12
Rki
Rki
-S16
Rki
-S16
+S3
+S9
Atau:
-S16
Rki
+S3
-S16
+S9
Rki
6
G
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
26
B. Cara Grafis
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
27
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
28
M. Yusuf/FT Untan
29