= z [X (z) x (0)]
= z X (z) z x (0)
x ( n) z
Z [x (n + 2)] = Z2 X ( z )
n =0
dan
x (1) = 1
z
z + 3z + 2
z
( z + 2) ( z + 1)
K1
K2
X ( z)
+
=
Z + 2 Z +1
z
X(z)
=-
X(z)
z
z
+
z + 2 z +1
z
z
z +1 z + 2
Z(an)
z
za
X(z)
z
z
z (1) z (2)
untuk n < 0
u (n) = 1
u (n) = 0
untuk n = 0
(n)
n = -1
x (1) 3 x (0) + 2 x (-1) = u (-1)
x (1) = 0
z2 X (z) z2 x (0) z x (1) 3 [z X (z) z x (0)] + 2 X (z) = Z [U(n)]
(z2 3z+ 2) X(z) = Z [u(n)]
Z [u(n)]
u ( n) Z
n =0
=1
X (z) =
1
z 3z + z
2
1
( z 2) ( z 1)
1
1
+
z 1 z 2
z
z
+
z 1 z 2
n = 0, 1, 2,
x (n) = -1 + 2n-1 n = 0, 1, 2, 3,
X (z) =
z
( z 1) ( z 2)
2
X ( z)
z
1
( z 1) ( z 2)
Z
B
C
+
+
2
z 1 z 2
( z 1)
A = -1
B = -1
C= 1
1
1
1
X ( z)
+
=
2
z 1 z 2
( z 1)
z
X (z)
z
z
z
+
2
z 1 z 2
( z 1)
1
Z
Z
Z
.
+
2
z ( Z 1)
Z 1 Z 2
x (n) = n 1K + 2 K
z2 X (z) - z2 x (0) - z x (1)
-3 [Z X (z) - Z x (10) ] + 2 X (z) = Z[u(n)]
(Z2 - Z +2) X (z) = Z[u(n)]
u (Z) = Z [u(n)]
u ( n) Z
n =0
=1
X(z) =
1
z 3z + z
2
1
( z 2)( z 1)
1
1
+
z 1 z 2
Z [x (n + 1) ] = z X (z) - z x (0)
x (0) = 0
Z [ x (n + 1) ] = z X (z)
=
= -(1)n + (2)n
x (n + 1)
x (n)
9.2
z
z
+
z 1 z 2
= -1 + 2n
n = 0,1,2,
= -1 2n-1
n = 0,1,2,3 ..
Invers Transformasi-Z
Invers Transformasi-Zdapat menggunakan beberapa metoda :
1. Pembagian Langsung.
2. Komputasi.
3. Ekspansi Partial Fractional.
4. Inversion Integral.
1. Pembagian Langsung.
X ( z) =
x( n ) Z
K =0
(1 az )
1 4
= 1 4az 1 + 6a 2 z 2 4a 3 z 3 + a 4 z 4
(1 az 1 ) 1 = 1 + az 1 + a 2 z 2 + a 3 z 3 + ... z > 1
(1 az 1 ) 2 = 1 + 2az 1 + 3a 2 z 2 + 4a 3 z 3 + 5a 4 z 4 + ... z > 1
(1 az 1 ) 3 = 1 + 3az 1 + 6a 2 z 2 + 10a 3 z 3 + 15a 4 z 4 + 21a 5 z 5 + 28a 6 z 6 + ... z > 1
(1 az 1 ) 4 = 1 + 4az 1 + 10a 2 z 2 + 20a 3 z 3 + 35a 4 z 4 + 56a 5 z 5 + 84a 6 z 6 + 120 a 7 z 7
+ ... z > 1
Contoh 1 : hitung x (n) untuk n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4.
x( z ) =
10 z + 5
( z 1) ( z 0,2)
x( z ) =
10 z 1 + 5 z 2
1 1,2 z 1 + 0,2 z 2
2. Lakukan pembagian
-1
-2
1-1.2z + 0.2z
-1
-2
-3
-4
X ( z ) = x ( n) z n
n=0
maka didapat :
Contoh 2 :
x(0) = 0
x(1) =10
x(2) =17
x(3) = 18.4
x(4) =18.68
a z
x( z ) =
( z a ) 2
a
x( z ) =
1 2 a z 1 + 2 a z 2
2. Pembagian :
x(z) = -a z-1 + 2-2a z-2 + 3-3a z-3 +..
x(n) = n-na
n = 0, 1, 2,..
Contoh 3:
x(z) = 1 + 2z-1 + 3z-2 + 4z-3
Tentukan Inverse x(z)
x(0) =1
x(1) =2
x(2) =3
x(3) =4
10 z + 5
( z 1) ( z 0,2)
dengan u(z) = 1
10 z + 5
x( z ) =
u ( z ) u(z) = u(0) + u(1)z-1 + u(z)z-2 +u(n)z-n +
( z 1) ( z 0,2)
x( z ) =
x( z ) =
10 z + 5
u( z)
z 1.2 z + 0.2
k = 1, 2, 3,
x(1) = 10
10
x0 = 0
20
x1 =10
30
u0 = 1
40
u1 = 0
50
K=0
60
x2 = 1.2x1 0.2x0 + 10 * u1 + 5* u0
70
M = x0
80
x0 = x1
90
x1 = x2
100
N = u0
110
u0 = u1
120
PRINT K, M, N
130
K=K+1
140
IF K < 16 Go To 60
150
END
k= K
x(n) = xk =M
u(n) = UK = N
10
17
18.4
18.68
18.736
18.7472
18.7495
18.7499
18.75
10
18.75
11
18.75
12
18.75
13
18.75
14
18.75
15
18.75
Dari hasil komputer di dapat nilai akhir x(n) adalah 18.75, bila digunakan metode
nilai akhir
Lim
x(n)
x
=
z
=
1
lim
z
=
10 z 1 + 5 z 2
(1-z )
1 1.2 z 1 + 0.2 z 2
-1
1
lim
[(1-z-1) x(z)]
lim
10 z 1 + 5 z 2
= 18.75
1 0.z 1