LAMBANG ATOM

1. Bacalah literatur dan buku tentang partikel-partikel dasar penyusun atom, selanjutnya dengan
diskusi lengkapilah tabel berikut ini!
Partikel
Dasar

Lambang

Proton

Netron

Elektron

Penemu

3. Sebutkan dan berilah penjelasan secara singkat eksperimen tentang penemuan :

a. Proton
Jawab : ...............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
b. Netron
Jawab : ...............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
c. Elektron
Jawab : ...............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
d. Inti atom
Jawab : ...............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
4. Lengkapilah tabel berikut ini!
Proton

Jumlah
Netron

Elektron

16

.....
..... Na

11

12

4.

50
18 Ar

5.

.....
.....Fe

26

56

6.

39
19K

7.

32 2
16 S

8.

27 .....
13 Al

10

9.

......

.....Br

35

80

30

35

No

Lambang Atom

1.

11
5B

2.

.....
..... O

3.

10.

Zn 2

......
.....

Atom

Nomor
Massa

ISOTOP, ISOTON, ISOBAR, dan MASSA ATOM RELATIF

1. Jelaskan apakah yang dimaksud dengan :
a. Isotop
Jawab : ...............................................................................................................................
b. Isobar
Jawab : ...............................................................................................................................
c. Isoton
Jawab : ...............................................................................................................................
2. Diketahui atom-atom unsur berikut :
40
32
39
24
39
40
23
31
24
30
20 Ca , 15 P, 19 K, 12 Mg, 20 Ar, 19 K, 11Na , 15 P, 11Na , 14 Si

3.
4.

5.

6.

Di antara atom-atom unsur tersebut manakah yang merupakan :

a. Isotop
Jawab : ...............................................................................................................................
b. Isobar
Jawab : ...............................................................................................................................
c. Isoton
Jawab : ...............................................................................................................................
Massa atom relatif (Ar) unsur Mg = 24,31, apakah artinya?
Jawab : .....................................................................................................................................
Jika massa rata-rata 1 atom unsur X = 3,35 x 10 23 gram dan massa 1 atom C-12 = 1,99 x 10 23
hitunglah massa atom relatif (Ar) X!
Jawab : .....................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
Boron di alam terdiri atas dua isotop yaitu B-10 dengan kelimpahan 19% dan B-11 dengan
kelimpahan 81%. Tentukan massa atom relative (Ar) boron!
Jawab : .....................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
Massa atom relatif (Ar) klorin adalah 35,5. Jika klorin di alam terdapat sebagai isotop Cl-35 dan
Cl-17, tentukan persentase masing-masing isotop tersebut di alam!
Jawab : .....................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................

PERKEMBANGAN MODEL ATOM

Model Atom
Gambar
Dalton

Thomson

Rutherford

Dalton

Mekanika
Kuantum

Penjelasan

KONFIGURASI ELEKTRON BERDASAR MODEL ATOM BOHR

1. Apakah yang dimaksud dengan kulit atom?
Jawab : .....................................................................................................................................
2. Tentukan jumlah elektron maksimum yang menempati kulit-kulit K, L, M, N, dan O.
Jawab : .....................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
3. Jelaskan pengertian dari konfigurasi elektron?
Jawab : .....................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
4. Apakah yang dimaksud dengan elektron valensi?
Jawab : .....................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
5. Tuliskan konfigurasi elektron atom-atom unsur berikut dan tentukan elektron valensinya!
No.
1.

Atom unsure
5B

Konfigurasi elektron

Ne

Mg

Si

Cl

Ca

Ga

Se

Rb

2.

3.

10

4.

12

5.

14

6.

17

7.

20

8.

31

9.

34

10.

37

Jumlah elektron valensi

6. Tuliskan konfigurasi elektron ion-ion berikut :

a. 11Na+
Jawab : ...............................................................................................................................
b. 16S2Jawab : ...............................................................................................................................
c. 20Ca2+
Jawab : ...............................................................................................................................
d. 33As3Jawab :................................................................................................................................