PERTEMUAN 4

ANALISA
RANCANGAN DAD
Bagian I
 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM
adalah suatu network yg menggambarkan suatu sistem
automat/komputerisasi, manual atau gabungan dari
keduanya dalam susunan berbentuk komponen sistem
yg saling berhubungan sesuai dgn aturan mainnya.!

1. EXTERNAL ENTITY

2. PROSES

3. DATA FLOW

4. DATA STORE
Simbol
 ATURAN MAIN DFD
1. Dlm DFD tidak boleh menghubungkan antara
EXTERNAL ENTITY dgn EXTERNAL ENTITY secara
langsung
2. Dlm DFD tidak boleh menghubungkan antara DATA
STORE dgn DATA STORE secara langsung
3. Dlm DFD tidak boleh menghubungkan antara DATA
STORE dgn EXTERNAL ENTITY secara langsung
(atau sebaliknya)
4. Setiap PROSES harus ada DATA FLOW yg masuk
dan ada DATA FLOW yg keluar.
 CARA MEMBUAT DFD

1. Top-Down Analysis, mulai dari umum s/d detail

2. Jabarkan proses s/d sedetail mungkin.
3. Pelihara Konsistensi Entity, Proses, Data Flow dan
Data Store yang terjadi dalam Data Flow Diagram.
4. Berikan Label yg bermakna untuk tiap2 simbol.
TAHAPAN PROSES PEMBUATAN DFD
(KONSTRUKSI)
1. Buat DIAGRAM KONTEKS (Global)
2. Buat DIAGRAM NOL (0)
3. Buat DIAGRAM DETAIL (Detail/Rinci)

Bentuk Diagram Arus Data

Terdapat 2 bentuk DAD :
1. Diagram arus data fisik adalah Diagram yang menekankan
pada bagaimana proses dari sistem diterapkan.
2. Daigram arus data logik adalah Diagram yang menekankan
proses-proses apa yang terdapat di sistem.
DFD Examples
 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Steps:

1. Create a list of activities

2. Construct Context Level DFD
(identifies external entities and processes)
3. Construct Level 0 DFD
(identifies manageable sub process )
4. Construct Level 1- n DFD
(identifies actual data flows and data stores )
5. Check against rules of DFD
 DFD Naming Guidelines

External Entity Noun

Data Flow Names of data
Process verb phrase
a system name
a subsystem name
Data Store Noun
Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Lemonade Stand Example
 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example
The operations of a simple
lemonade stand will be used
to demonstrate the creation
of dataflow diagrams.
Steps:
1. Create a list of activities
Old way: no Use-Case Diagram
New way: use Use-Case Diagram
2. Construct Context Level DFD
(identifies sources and sink)
3. Construct Level 0 DFD
(identifies manageable sub processes )
4. Construct Level 1- n DFD
(identifies actual data flows and data stores )
 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 1. Create a list of activities

Think through the activities

that take place at a lemonade
stand.
Customer Order
Serve Product
Collect Payment
Produce Product
Store Product
 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 1. Create a list of activities

Also think of the additional

activities needed to support
the basic activities.
Customer Order
Serve Product
Collect Payment
Produce Product
Store Product
Order Raw Materials
Pay for Raw Materials
Pay for Labor
 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 1. Create a list of activities

Group these activities in

some logical fashion,
possibly functional areas.
Customer Order
Serve Product
Collect Payment

Produce Product
Store Product

Order Raw Materials

Pay for Raw Materials

Pay for Labor

 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 2. Construct Context Level DFD
(identifies sources and sink)
Create a context level
diagram identifying the
Context Level DFD
sources and sinks (users).
Sales Forecast
Order 0.0
CUSTOMER Lemonade Production Schedule EMPLOYEE
Customer Order Product Served System Pay
Serve Product Payment Time Worked
Collect Payment Received Goods
Payment
Purchase Order
Produce Product
Store Product VENDOR

Order Raw Materials

Pay for Raw Materials

Pay for Labor

 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 3. Construct Level 0 DFD
Create a level 0 diagram (identifies manageable sub processes )
identifying the logical Level 0 DFD
subsystems that may exist.
1.0
Sale
Customer Order Sales Forecast
Customer Order
Product Ordered
Serve Product
Payment
Collect Payment 2.0 Production
CUSTOMER EMPLOYEE
Production Schedule
Product Served
Produce Product
Received Goods Inventory
Store Product
3.0
VENDOR Procure- Order
Purchase Order
Order Raw Materials ment Decisions
Pay for Raw Materials Payment
Pay Time Worked

Pay for Labor 4.0

Payroll
 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 4. Construct Level 1- n DFD
Create a level 1 (identifies actual data flows and data stores )
decomposing the processes Level 1 DFD
in level 0 and identifying
CUSTOMER
data stores.
Customer Order
ORDER
Request for Forecast
Customer Order
1.1
Serve Product Record
Collect Payment Order
1.3
Produce
Severed Order Sales
Produce Product Payment Forecast
Sales Forecast
Store Product
1.2
Receive PAYMENT
Payment
Order Raw Materials
Pay for Raw Materials

Pay for Labor

 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 4. Construct Level 1 (continued)
Create a level 1
decomposing the processes Level 1 DFD
in level 0 and identifying
Product Order
data stores.
ORDER
Customer Order 2.1
Serve Quantity Severed
Serve Product Product
Collect Payment RAW
Production
MATERIALS
Schedule
Produce Product 2.2
Store Product Produce Quantity Used
Product

INVENTORTY
Order Raw Materials Production Data
Pay for Raw Materials
2.3 Quantity Produced &
Store Location Stored
Pay for Labor Product
 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 4. Construct Level 1 (continued)
Create a level 1
decomposing the processes Level 1 DFD
in level 0 and identifying Order Decision
PURCHASE
data stores. 3.1 ORDER
Produce
Purchase
Customer Order Order Quantity On-Hand
Serve Product RAW
Quantity MATERIALS
Collect Payment Received Received
Goods
3.2
Produce Product Receive
Items
Store Product RECEIVED
ITEMS
Payment Approval
Order Raw Materials
VENDOR
Pay for Raw Materials 3.3
Pay
Vendor
Pay for Labor
Payment
 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 4. Construct Level 1 (continued)
Create a level 1
decomposing the processes Level 1 DFD
in level 0 and identifying Time Worked

data stores. 4.1 TIME CARDS

Record
Time
Customer Order Worked Employee ID
Serve Product EMPLOYEE
Collect Payment
Payroll Request
4.2 Unpaid time cards
Produce Product Calculate
Payroll
Store Product PAYROLL

Payment Approval
Order Raw Materials
4.3
Pay for Raw Materials Pay
Employe
e PAYMENTS
Pay for Labor
Payment
 Process Decomposition
1.1 1.2
1.0
Record Receive
Sale
Order Payment

2.1 2.2 2.3

2.0
Serve Produce Store
Production
Product Product Product

0.0
Lemonade
System 3.1
3.0 3.2 3.3
Produce
Procure- Receive Pay
Purchase
ment Items Vendor
Order

4.1 4.3
4.2
4.0 Record Pay
Calculate
Payroll Time Employe
Payroll
Worked e

Context Level Level 0 Level 1

 KASUS : ANALISA SISTEM BERJALAN
Prosedur Sistem Berjalan
Perusahaan Elektronik Indonesia adalah perusahaan
usaha dagang yang bergerak di bidang distributor
penjualan elektronik (TV, kulkas, kipas angin, radio dan
lain lain), Perusahaan ini menjual barang elektronik
kepada customer secara tunai dengan nilai transaksi
Rp. 50.000.000,-(lima puluh juta rupiah). Customer
adalah badan usaha atau toko pengecer yang menjual
produknya kepada pelanggan secara perorangan. Pada
prosedur sistem berjalan ini, Customer pada saat
memesan barang diharuskan melampiri dokumen PO
terlebih dahulu, dan PO paling lama satu minggu untuk
di konfirmasi pada Customer. Maka untuk lebih jelasnya
prosedur dari sistem berjalan adalah sebagai berikut:
Prosedur Order Penjualan
Setiap costumer dapat memesan barang datang
langsung atau melalui faximile dengan
menyertakan dokumen PO yang diterima oleh
bagian penjualan. Kemudian bagian penjualan
berdasarkan PO, memeriksa pesanan barang
dengan menggunakan kartu stock, apabila stock
barang ada maka di hitung nilai penjualan dan
dicatat kedalam faktur penjualan. Jika stock
barang tidak ada, maka di catat ke dokumen
Daftar Permintaan Stock Barang (DPSB), faktur
penjualan rangkap 4 (empat), yang telah di buat
didistribusikan ke Kasir
Prosedur Pembayaran Tunai
Setelah customer mendapat konfirmasi tentang
pesanan pembelian disetujui, maka customer
melakukan transaksi pembayaran melalui transfer uang
ke bank yang ditunjuk dengan bukti setoran.
Berdasarkan bukti setoran, Kasir membuka arsip
penjualan yang dicocokan dengan bukti setoran.
Apabila sesuai dengan nilai penjualan maka dibuatkan
kwitansi lunas, dan merekap nilai penjualan
Harian/Daily Sales Report (DSR). Distribusi dokumen-
dokumen berdasarkan nilai transaksi penjualan sebagai
berikut : untuk Kwitansi dan faktur penjualan di berikan
kepada customer. Gudang mendapat tembusan
pengeluaran barang dari kasir sesuai barang yang di
pesan, dan Copy faktur diberikan ke Bagian Penjualan.
 Prosedur Penyiapan Barang kirim
Gudang Setelah menerima Tembusan pengeluaran
barang, maka menyiapkan barang yang akan dikirim
dengan mencatat barang keluar ke kartu gudang
dan membuat dokumen
surat keluar barang yang ditembuskan ke bagian
Penjualan.

Prosedur Pengiriman Barang

Bagian Penjualan berdasarkan Surat keluar barang,
selanjutnya membuka arsip faktur penjualan untuk
mencatat barang yang akan dikirim ke dokumen
Surat Jalan. Dokumen surat keluar barang
didistribusikan ke Bagian Pengiriman beserta barang
dan disampaikan ke Customer
 Prosedur Pembuatan Laporan
Setiap akhir periode di buat laporan penjualan
bulanan, berdasarkan rekap penjualan harian dan faktur
penjualan. Laporan stock barang keluar berdasarkan
Kartu Stock dan Kartu Gudang. Ke-dua laporan tersebut
diberikan kepada Manajer Penjualan untuk proses
evaluasi penjualan selama satu bulan.
PERTANYAAN :
1. Gambarkan DAD yang terdiri dari :
- DAD KONTEKS
- DAD NOL
- DETAIL
2. Analisa beberapa permasalahan dari Prosedur Sistem
Penjualan
 DFD Example: Bus Garage Repairs
Buses come to a garage for repairs.
A mechanic and helper perform the repair,
record the reason for the repair and record the
total cost of all parts used on a Shop Repair
Order.
Information on labor, parts and repair outcome
is used for billing by the Accounting
Department, parts monitoring by the inventory
management computer system and a
performance review by the supervisor.
 DFD Example: Bus Garage Repairs
(contd)
External Entities: Bus, Mechanic, Helper,
Supervisor, Inventory Management System,
Accounting Department, etc.
Key process (the system): performing repairs
and storing information related to repairs
Processes:
Record Bus ID and reason for repair
Determine parts needed
Perform repair
Calculate parts extended and total cost
Record labor hours, cost
 DFD Example: Bus Garage Repairs
(contd)
Data stores:
Personnel file
Repairs file
Bus master list
Parts list
Data flows:
Repair order
Bus record
Parts record
Employee timecard
Invoices
 Bus Garage Context Diagram
Bus

Mechanical Fixed
problem mechanical
to be repaired problems

Repair Supervisor
Helper Labor Bus summary
Repair
Process List of
System parts used Inventory
Labor Management
Labor, System
parts cost
details
Mechanic

Accounting
CSUB Burgers Order Processing System

Draw the CSUB Burgers context diagram

System
Order processing system

External entities
Kitchen
Restaurant
Customer

Processes
Customer order
Receipt
Food order
Management report