Contoh
1. HE crossflow memanaskan minyak ( c = 1,9 kJ/kg oC) dr 15 85oC.
Pemanas steam (c =1,86 kJ/kgoC) = 5,2 kg/s dari 130 110oC. U =
275 W/m2oC. Hitung surface area yg diperlukan.
2. Jika minyak yg dipanaskan hanya setengahnya sedang banyaknya
steam, suhu masuk steam dan oil, A dan U tetap sama berapa
suhu keluar steam dan oil?
Tc1
A
1 2
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Th1
T
Tc2
A
1 2
q mh ch Th1 Th 2 mc cc Tc1 Tc 2
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Neraca panas total:
Selisih suhu maksimum terjadi, bila nilai m.c mempunyai nilai minimum
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𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦, 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑠 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑢 𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑛,
𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑎 𝑦𝑔 𝑚𝑛𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑦𝑎 𝑙𝑒𝑏𝑖 𝑘𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑙
Paralel
mh ch Th1 Th 2
Th1 Th 2
h
mh ch Th1 Tc1 Th1 Tc1
mc cc Tc 2 Tc1
Tc 2 Tc1
c
mc cc Th1 Tc1 Th1 Tc1
Berlawanan arah
mh ch Th1 Th 2
Th1 Th 2
h
mh ch Th1 Tc 2 Th1 Tc 2
mc cc Tc1 Tc 2 Tc1 Tc 2
c
mc cc Th1 Tc 2 Th1 Tc 2
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Th1
Aliran paralel
Th2
T
dq
Tc2
Tc1 dA
A
1 2
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Heat trasfer dr fluida panas ke
fluida dingin pada dA dq UdA Th Tc
Paralel
dq
dTh
mh ch dq
d Th Tc
dTc
dq mhch mccc
mc cc
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1 1
d Th Tc dq
mh ch mc cc
(Th 2 Tc 2 )
d Th Tc 1 A
1
(Th1 Tc1 )
(Th Tc )
0
mh ch mc cc
UdA
(Th 2 Tc 2 ) 1 1 UA mc cc
ln UA 1
(Th1 Tc1 ) mh ch mc cc mc cc mh ch
UA mc cc
(Th 2 Tc 2 )
c c
1
h h
e
m c m c
(Th1 Tc1 )
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Jika fluida dingin minimum
Tc 2 Tc1
Th1 Tc1
q mh ch Th1 Th 2 mc cc Tc 2 Tc1
mc cc
Th 2 Th1 Tc1 Tc 2
mh ch
mc cc
Th1 Tc1 Tc 2 Tc 2
Th 2 Tc 2 mhch
Th1 Tc1 Th1 Tc1
mc cc
Th1 Tc1 Tc1 Tc 2 Tc1 Tc 2
mh ch 1 1 mc cc
Th1 Tc1 mh ch
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Jika fluida dingin minimum
UA mc cc min
1
mc cc min mh ch
1 e
mc cc min
1
mh ch
Jika fluida panas minimum
UA mh ch min
1
mh ch min mc cc
1 e
mh ch min
1
mc cc
Th1
T
dq
Aliran berlawan Tc1
Th2
arah
dA Tc2
A
1 2
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Counter flow
UA C min
1
C min C
1 e max
C UA C min
1 min
exp 1
C max C
C max
min
UA
NTU =number of transfer units=
C min
C mc capacity rate
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Boilers and Condensers
Pd proses boiling or condensation fluid temperature relatif
konstan (seolah-olah panas jenis fluida sangat besar) sehingga
Cmin/Cmax→0
Dan
CONTOH
q UA
T h2 Tc 2 Th1 Tc1
T Tc 2 Th1 Tc1
q UA
h2
(T T )
ln h 2 c 2 UA mc cc
(Th1 Tc1 ) 1
mc cc mhch
ln
(Th 2 Tc 2 ) UA mc cc
1 q m c
T h2 Tc 2 Th1 Tc1
(Th1 Tc1 ) mc cc mh ch c c
mc cc
1
mh h
c