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MACAM STRUKTUR DASAR KALIMAT BAHASA

INGGRIS
1. Simple Present
A. Pola kalimat dan contoh:
(+) Subject + Verb-I (s/es) + ..
(+) She writes a letter everyday
(-) Subject + do/does + not + Verb-I +..
(-) She does not write a letter everyday
(?) Do/Does + Subject + Verb-I +..
(?) Does she write a letter Everyday?

B. Penggunaan
1. Untuk menyatakan kebiasaan sehari-hari (habitual action)
Contoh : - He usually goes to school by car
- The students always read Holy Quran every night
- Mella gets up at 4 o’clock every morning
2. Untuk menyatakan fakta/kebenaran umum
Contoh : - The sun sets in the west
- I have some smart students
- A week has seven days
3. Untuk menyatakan opini
Contoh : - She wears beautiful dress
- They sing beautifully in the stage
C. Keterangan Waktu :
1. Adverb of frequency: – Always - Ever (?)
– Usually - Sometimes
– Generally - Occasionally
– Seldom - Never
2. Adverb of quantity: – Once… = sekali…
– Once a day = sekali sehari
– Once a week = sekali seminggu
– Every…
– Today, etc
Catatan:
1. Dalam Simple Present Tense untuk subjek he, she, it, dan nama
orang tunggal kata kerjanya (verb) ditambah s/es pada kalimat
positif.
2. Ketentuan penambahan s/es dalam kata kerja sebagai berikut :
a. Jika kata kerja berakhiran dengan huruf desis (ch, c, ss, sh, x, z)
atau ‘o’ ditambah ‘es’
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Contoh: Catch – catches

Go – goes
Discuss – discusses
b. Apabila kata kerja berakhiran dengan huruf ‘y’ dan didahului oleh
huruf mati maka ‘y’ berubah menjadi ‘i’ baru ditambah ‘es’
Contoh: Carry – carries
Cry – cries
Fly – flies
c. Jika kata kerja berakhiran ‘y’ tapi didahului huruf hidup ditambah
‘s’
Contoh: Buy – buys
Play – plays
3. Untuk membuat kalimat negative dengan menambah ‘not’ setelah ‘do’
atau ‘does’.
Do dipakai untuk subjek : I, You, We, They.
Does dipakai untuk subjek : He, She, It, nama/benda tunggal
4. Untuk membuat kalimat interrogative (?) dengan menempatkan ‘do’
atau ‘does’ sebelum subjek.
Contoh : - Do you buy snack everyday?
- Does Andi visit you once a month?
5. Untuk kalimat yang diikuti dengan kata benda/kata sifat tanpa kata
kerja maka diberi tambahan kata kerja bantu is, am, are setelah
subjek.
Contoh : - She is a beautiful girl
- They are the best football club

2. Present Continuous
A. Pola Kalimat dan contoh :
(+) Subject + (am/is/are) + Verb-ing + …
(+) I am reading magazine
(-) Subject + (am/is/are) + not + Verb-ing + …
(-) I am not reading magazine
(?) (Am/is/are) + Subject + Verb-ing + ….
(?) Am I reading magazine?

B. Penggunaan
Untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang sedang dilakukan
C. Keterangan waktu : - Now = sekarang
- Still = masih
- At present = sekarang ini
- At this moment = pada saat ini
- Right now = sekarang ini
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Catatan :
1. To be dalam Present Continuous Tense adalah : am, is, are.
- Am untuk subjek : ‘I’
- Is untuk subjek : ‘He, She, It’ (Nama orang/benda tunggal)
- Are untuk subjek : ‘You, We, They’ (Kelompok jamak)
2. Untuk membuat kalimat negative dengan menambahkan ‘not’ pada to
be nya.
Contoh : - He is not speaking English
- They are not eating noodle
3. Ketentuan penambahan Verb-ing sebagai berikut :
a. Secara umum verb-ing langsung ditambah ‘ing’
Contoh : Break – breaking, Sing – singing, Learn – learning
b. Verb-I yang bersuku kata satu diakhiri dengan huruf mati maka
huruf mati maka huruf mati tersebut digandakan baru ditambah
‘ing’
Contoh : Bid – bidding, Sit – sitting, Cut – cutting
c. Verb-I yang bersuku kata dua, berakhiran dengan ‘l’ dan didahului
huruf hidup ditambah ‘ing’
Contoh : Travel – traveling, Revel – reveling, Sail – sailing
d. Verb-I yang berakhiran ‘e’ dan didahului oleh konsonan maka
huruf ‘e’ dihilangkan.
Contoh : Rise – rising, Bite – biting, Come – coming
e. Jika vokal ‘e’ didahului oleh dua vokal maka langsung ditambah
‘ing’
Contoh : Agree – agreeing, Free – freeing
f. Jika verb-I berakhiran ‘e’ didahului oleh ‘i’ maka ‘ie’ diganti dengan
‘y’ baru ditambah ‘ing’
Contoh : Die – dying, Lie – lying
4. Beberapa kata kerja yang tanpa dirubah menjadi Verb-ing sudah
mengandung makna, sedang (ing) dengan sendirinya diantaranya
ialah :
a. Kata kerja yang berhubungan dengan Panca Indra
– I see you
– I smell something burning
b. Kata kerja yang berhubungan dengan milik
– She has a new smart phone
– Do you possess a laptop?
c. Kata kerja yang berhubungan dengan pendapat
– What do you think about?
– I understand your feeling.
d. Kata kerja yang berhubungan dengan sikap
– They like this film very much
– She wants you to be my girlfriend
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3. Present Perfect
A. Pola kalimat dan contohya:
(+) Subject + have/has + Verb-III + ….
(+) She has drunk a glass of tea
(-) Subject + have/has + not + Verb-III + …
(-) She has not drunk a glass of tea
(?) Have/has + Subject + Verb-III + …
(?) Has she drunk a glass of tea?

B. Penggunaan :
Untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang telah selesai dilakukan.
C. Keterangan waktu : – For – Just
– Already – Since
– Ever (?) – Recently
Catatan :
1. Kata kerja bantu dalam Present Perfect Tense ialah :
– Have dipakai untuk subjek : I/You/We/They
– Has dipakai untuk subjek : He/She/It/Ahmad
2. Pembentukan kalimat negatif, menambah ‘not’ setelah ‘have/has’.
– She has not eaten
– They have not done their homework
3. Untuk menanyakan waktu dalam tense ini sering menggunakan How
long
– How long have you studied English?
– How long has she played piano?
4. Kata kerja yang dipakai adalah verb-III (past participle). Dalam
perubahan bentuk verb ada yang beraturan dan ada yang tidak.
Contoh yang beraturan (regular verb)
– Study – studied – studied
– Close – closed – closed
Contoh yang tidak beraturan (irregular verb)
– Go – went – gone
– Speak – spoke – spoken
5. Untuk kalimat yang diikuti dengan kata benda/kata sifat tanpa kata
kerja maka diberi tambahan kata been setelah kata kerja bantu
has/have.
Contoh : - She has been a clever student since elementary school
- We have been a winner of this national football
championship recently

4. Simple Past
A. Pola kalimat dan contohnya:
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(+) Subject + Verb-II + …

(+) We read a novel yesterday
(-) Subject + did + not + Verb-I + …
(-) We did not read a novel yesterday
(?) Did + Subject + Verb-I + …
(?) Did we read read a novel yesterday?

B. Penggunaan
Untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa
lampau.
C. Keterangan waktu : – Yesterday – Last
– Two day ago – Just now
Catatan:
1. Untuk kalimat negative dan interrogative menggunakan kata kerja
bantu ‘did’ untuk semua subjek.
2. Dalam kalimat negative dan interrogative kembali ke verb-I (infinitive)
3. Perubahan verb-I menjadi verb-II sebagai berikut :
a. Regular Verb
– Jika verb-I berakhiran vokal, maka verb-II dibentuk dengan
menambah ‘d’ saja.
Contoh : Die – Died, Save – Saved
– Jika verb-I berakhiran ‘y’ didahului vokal, maka verb-II dibentuk
dengan menambah ‘ed’ saja.
Contoh : Obey – obeyed, Play – played
– Jika verb-I berakhiran ‘y’ didahului konsonan, maka verb-II
dibentuk dengan mengubah ‘y’ menjadi ‘i’ kemudian ditambah
‘ed’.
Contoh : Study – studied, Carry – carried
– Jika verb-I berakhiran konsonan yang didahului vokal tapi terdiri
dari satu suku kata maka dibentuk dengan menggandakan
konsonan tersebut.
Contoh : Beg – begged, Clap – clapped
b. Irregular Verb (kata tak beraturan)
Untuk perubahan irregular verb ini tidak ada rumus sehingga
harus dihafalkan.
5. Untuk kalimat yang diikuti dengan kata benda/kata sifat tanpa kata
kerja maka diberi tambahan kata kerja bantu was, were setelah
subjek.
Contoh : - I was a superstar on my dream last night
- You were a beautiful model last year
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5. Simple Future
A. Pola kalimat dan contohnya:
1. Menggunakan will/shall
(+) Subject + will/shall + Verb-I + …
(+) We will meet our teacher
(-) Subject + will/shall + not + Verb-I + …
(-) We will not meet our teacher
(?) Will/shall + Subject + Verb-I + …
(?) Will we meet our teacher?

2. Menggunakan be about to
(+) Subject + be (is, am, are) about to + Verb-I + …
(+) We are about to meet our teacher
(-) Subject + be (is, am, are) + not + about to + Verb-I + …
(-) We are not about to meet our teacher
(?) Be (is, am, are) + Subject + about to + Verb-I + …
(?) Are we about to meet our teacher?

3. Menggunakan be going to
(+) Subject + be (is, am, are) going to + Verb-I + …
(+) We are going to meet our teacher
(-) Subject + be (is, am, are) + not + going to + Verb-I + …
(-) We are not going to meet our teacher
(?) Be (is, am, are) + Subject + going to + Verb-I + …
(?) Are we going to meet our teacher?

B. Penggunaan :
1. Will/Shall digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang terjadi di
masa yang akan datang baik dikerjakan secara langsung maupun
tidak langsung dengan direncanakan maupun tanpa
direncanakan sebelumnya.
Contoh : I will visit you tonight
2. Be about to digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang akan
dilakukan beberapa saat/ menit lagi.
Contoh : Sinta’s bag are packed. She is wearing her coat. She is
about to leave for the train.
3. Be going to digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang akan
dilakukan dan sudah direncanakan.
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Contoh : I am going to paint my bedroom tommorow.

C. Keterangan Waktu : – Tomorrow : besok

– Next… : …yang akan datang
– Later : kemudian
Catatan:
1. Shall digunakan untuk subject I dan We pada bahasa inggris formal,
sedang Will digunakan untuk selain I dan We dalam bahasa inggris
formal.
2. Will digunakan untuk semua subject dalam bahasa inggris informal.
3. Untuk kalimat yang diikuti dengan kata benda/kata sifat tanpa kata
kerja maka diberi tambahan kata be setelah kata kerja bantu will,
about to, going to. Terkecuali untuk kalimat tanya dengan kata kerja
bantu will, kata be diletakkan setelah subjek.
Contoh : - I will be the best president for my school next year
- Will you be the best president for your school next year?
- You are about to be a beautiful model tomorrow
- She is going to be a supermodel next month

TURUNAN DARI 2 STRUKTUR DASAR

KALIMAT BAHASA INGGRIS
1. Present Perfect Continous
A. Pola kalimat dan contoh:
(+) Subject + has/have + been + Verb-ing + ..
(+) She has been writing a novel for three years
(-) Subject + has/have + not + been + Verb-ing +..
(-) She has not been writing a novel for three years
(?) Has/have + Subject + been + Verb-ing +..
(?) Has she been writing a novel for three years?

B. Penggunaan
Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang telah dilakukan dan masih
dilakukan hingga sekarang.
C. Keterangan Waktu : – So far - Ever since
– Recntly - Lately
– For.... - Since....
– All....

2. Past Continous
A. Pola kalimat dan contoh:
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(+) Subject + was/were + Verb-ing + ..

(+) She was reading a novel at 7 o’clock last night
(-) Subject + was/were + not + Verb-ing +..
(-) She was not reading a novel at 7 o’clock last night
(?) Was/were + Subject + Verb-ing +..
(?) Was she reading a novel at 7 o’clock last night?

B. Penggunaan
Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung pada waktu
tertentu di masa lampau.
C. Keterangan Waktu : – At this time yesterday
– At 7 o’clock last night, etc
Catatan:
1. Digunakan dalam konsep dua kejadian
Contoh : I was reading book while I was listening music
2. Penggunaan tenses ini harus dengan waktu yang spesifik
3. Future Continuous
A. Pola kalimat dan contoh:
(+) Subject + will/shall + been + Verb-ing + ..
(+) She will been writing a novel tommorow morning
(-) Subject + will/shall + not + been + Verb-ing +..
(-) She will not been writing a novel tommorow morning
(?) Will/shall + Subject + been + Verb-ing +..
(?) Will she been writing a novel tommorow morning?
B. Penggunaan
1. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang sedang terjadi di waktu tertentu
di masa yang akan datang.
Contoh : I will be watching Football Live in TV at 9 o’clock tonight.
2. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung ketika
sesuatu yang lain terjadi di masa yang akan datang.
Contoh : I will be doing the homework when you come to my
house.
C. Keterangan Waktu : – At this time next month
– At 9 o’clock tommorow
– Tommorow morning, etc

4. Past Perfect
A. Pola kalimat dan contoh:
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(+) Subject + had + Verb-3 + ..

(+) She had wrote a novel for three years
(-) Subject + had + not + Verb-3 +..
(-) She had not wrote a novel for three years
(?) Had + Subject + Verb-3 +..
(?) Had she wrote a novel for three years?

B. Penggunaan
Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang telah dilakukan di masa lampau
dan tidak ada hubungannya dengan saat ini.
C. Keterangan Waktu : – Just – For
– Already – Since, etc
Catatan :
1. Menggunakan beberapa keterangan waktu grammar present perfect,
tetapi penggunaannya disesuaikan dengan waktu di masa lampau.
2. Untuk kalimat yang diikuti dengan kata benda/kata sifat tanpa kata
kerja maka diberi tambahan kata been setelah kata kerja bantu had.
Contoh : - I had been a superstar on my dream just now
- You had been a beautiful model since 2010

5. Past Future
A. Pola kalimat dan contoh:
(+) Subject + would/should + Verb-1 + ..
(+) She would write a novel last year
(-) Subject + would/should + not + Verb-1 +..
(-) She would not write a novel last year
(?) Would/should + Subject + Verb-1 +..
(?) Would she write a novel last year?

B. Penggunaan
Untuk menyatakan rencana kegiatan yang gagal dilakukan di masa
lalu.
C. Keterangan Waktu : – The other day – This......
– .......ago – Last....... , etc
Catatan :
Untuk kalimat yang diikuti dengan kata benda/kata sifat tanpa kata kerja
maka diberi tambahan kata be setelah kata kerja bantu would/should.
Contoh : - I should be a superstar last night
- You would be a beautiful model last year
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6. Future Perfect
A. Pola kalimat dan contoh:
(+) Subject + will/shall + have + Verb-3 + ..
(+) She will have written a novel by next month
(-) Subject + will/shall + not + have + Verb-3 +..
(-) She will not have written a novel by next month
(?) Will/shall + Subject + have + Verb-3 +..
(?) Will she have written a novel by next month?

B. Penggunaan
1. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang telah selesai dikerjakan di waktu
yang akan datang.
Contoh : By the end of next month, he will have studied in
University.
2. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang sudah terjadi sebelum sesuatu
yang lain terjadi di masa yang akan datang.
Contoh : I will have done the homework when you come to my
house.
C. Keterangan Waktu : By + kata keterangan waktu
Contoh : – By this weekend
– By the end of this week
– By next month, etc
Catatan :
Untuk kalimat yang diikuti dengan kata benda/kata sifat tanpa kata kerja
maka diberi tambahan kata been setelah kata kerja bantu have.
Contoh : - I shall have been a superstar by next month.
- You will have been a beautiful model by this weekend.

TURUNAN DARI 3 STRUKTUR DASAR

KALIMAT BAHASA INGGRIS
1. Past Perfect Continuous
A. Pola kalimat dan contoh:
(+) Subject + had + been + Verb-ing + ..
(+) She had been writing a novel for month
(-) Subject + had + not + been + Verb-ing +..
(-) She had not been writing a novel for month
(?) Had + Subject + been + Verb-ing +..
(?) Had she been writing a novel for month?
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B. Penggunaan
1. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung di waktu
lampau dengan penekanan pada durasi waktunya.
Contoh : Finally, he came yesterday. I had been waiting for him
for month.
2. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang telah berlangsung dalam durasi
waktu tertentu, sebelum peristiwa yang lain terjadi di waktu
lampau.
Contoh : I had been doing the homework when you come to my
house.
C. Keterangan Waktu : – For ......
– Since ......

2. Future Perfect Continuous

A. Pola kalimat dan contoh:
(+) Subject + will/shall + have + been + Verb-ing + ..
(+) She will have been writing a novel for a month
(-) Subject + will/shall + not + have + been + Verb-ing +..
(-) She will not have been writing a novel for a month
(?) Will/shall + Subject + have + been + Verb-ing +..
(?) Will she have been writing a novel for a month?

B. Penggunaan
1. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang telah sedang berlangsung
dengan durasi waktu tertentu di masa yang akan datang.
Contoh : By the end of next month, he will have been studying
english for 3 years.
2. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung pada
durasi waktu tertentu, ketika sesuatu yang lain terjadi di masa
yang akan datang.
Contoh : I will have been doing the homework for 3 hours when
you come to my house.
C. Keterangan Waktu :
By + kata keterangan waktu ............. for + durasi waktu
– By this weekend ......................... for 2 hours
– By next year .......................... for 5 years, etc

3. Past Future Continuous

A. Pola kalimat dan contoh:
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(+) Subject + would/should + be + Verb-ing + ..

(+) She will be writing a novel last month
(-) Subject + would/should + not + be + Verb-ing +..
(-) She will not have written a novel by last month
(?) Would/should + Subject + be + Verb-ing +..
(?) Would she be writing a novel last month?

B. Penggunaan
Digunakan dalam kalimat langsung dan tidak langsung (Direct
speech – Indirect speech)
Contoh : Andi said that he would be eating an apple while he would
be walking.
C. Keterangan Waktu : – The other day – This.......
– .......ago –Last....... , etc

4. Past Future Perfect

A. Pola kalimat dan contoh:
(+) Subject + would/should + have + Verb-3 + ..
(+) She would have written a novel last month
(-) Subject + would/should + not + have + Verb-3 +..
(-) She would not have written a novel last month
(?) Would/should + Subject + have + Verb-3 +..
(?) Would she have written a novel last month?

B. Penggunaan
1. Untuk menyatakan penyesalan atas sesuatu yang gagal di masa
lalu.
Contoh : I would have been studied in University but I failed in
test 2 years ago.
2. Digunakan sebagai main clause (kalimat utama) dalam kalimat
pengandaian (conditional sentence type III).
Contoh : If I had known that you were coming, I would have met
you in your office.
3. Digunakan dalam kalimat langsung dan tidak langsung (Direct
speech – Indirect speech
Contoh : Andi said that he would have been eating an apple while
he would have found an orange.
C. Keterangan Waktu : – The other day, This......., .......ago, Last.......
, etc
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TURUNAN DARI 4 STRUKTUR DASAR

KALIMAT BAHASA INGGRIS
1. Past Future Perfect Continuous
A. Pola kalimat dan contoh:
(+) Subject + would/should + have + been + Verb-ing + ..
(+) She would have been writing a novel last month
(-) Subject + would/should + not + have + been + Verb-ing +..
(-) She would not have been writing a novel last month
(?) Would/should + Subject + have + been + Verb-ing +..
(?) Would she have been writing a novel last month?

B. Penggunaan
Digunakan dalam kalimat langsung dan tidak langsung (Direct
speech – Indirect speech).
Contoh : Andi said that he would have been eating an apple while he
would have found an orange.
C. Keterangan Waktu : – The other day – This.......
– .......ago – Last....... , etc
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Daftar Irregular Verb

Base Form( Past Tense Past Participle
Arti
V1) (V2) (V3)
Kk bantu Am,is,are Was,were Been
Melakukan Do Did Done
Pergi Go Went Gone
Menjalani Undergo Underwent Undergone
Makan eat Ate Eaten
Bersalaman Shake Shook Shaken
Melihat See Saw Seen
Mengambil Take Took Taken
Mendapatkan Get Got Got/ Gotten
Melupakan Forget Forgot Forgot/ Forgotten
Menulis Write Wrote Written
Bicara/ Pidato Speak Spoke Spoken
Bangun Wake up Woke up Waken up
Terjaga Awake Awoke Awaken
Mengemudi Drive Drove Driven
Memberi Give Gave Given
Memaafkan Forgive Forgave Forgiven
Menyerah Give up Gave up Given up
Bersumpah Swear Swore Sworn
Terbang Fly Flew Flown
Meniup Blow Blew Blown
Menggambar Draw Drew Drawn
Tumbuh Grow Grew Grown
Mengetahui Know Knew Known
Melarang Forbid Forbad Forbidden
Menunjukkan Show Showed Shown
Muncul Rise Rose Risen
Menyembunyikan Hide Hid Hidden
Jatuh Fall Fell Fallen
Memilih Choose Chose Choosen
Memakai
Wear Wore Worn
(Pakaian)
Menggigit Bite Bit Bitten
Mencuri Steal Stole Stolen
Naik/ Mengendarai Ride Rode Ridden
Melempar Throw Threw Thrown
Merusak Brake Broke Broken
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Pola 2: V1, V2, V3 hanya berbeda huruf yang di tengah saja.

Arti Base Form( V1) Past Tense (V2) Past Participle (V3)
Minum Drink Drank Drunk
Menyanyi Sing Sang Sung
Berdering Ring Rang Rung
Mulai Begin Began Begun
Berenang Swim Swam Swum
Menenggelamkan Sink Sank Sunk

Pola 3: V1 beda, V2 dan V3 sama

Base Form( Past Tense Past Participle

Arti
V1) (V2) (V3)
Mempunyai &/Kk
Have,has Had Had
bantu
Membuat Make Made Made
Membangun Build Built Built
Berkata Say Said Said
Bercerita Tell Told Told
Menjual Sell Sold Sold
Membeli Buy Bought Bought
Membayar Pay Paid Paid
Membawa Bring Brought Brought
Mengajar Teach Taught Taught
Tidur Sleep Slept Slept
Menangkap Catch Caught Caught
Menyapu Sweep Swept Swept
Merasa Feel Felt Felt
Berfikir Think Thought Thought
Menemukan Find Found Found
Menggali Dig Dug Dug
Bertelur (Unggas) Lay Laid Laid
Tetap Keep Kept Kept
Menuju/ Memimpin Lead Led Led
Berkelahi Fight Fought Fought
Kalah/ Kehilangan Lose Lost Lost
Menang Win Won Won
Memegang Hold Held Held
Bertemu Meet Met Met
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Duduk Sit Sat Sat

Berdiri Stand Stood Stood
Mengerti Understand Understood Understood
Mendengar Hear Heard Heard
Mengirim Send Sent Sent
Menggantung Hang Hung Hung
Menghabiskan Spend Spent Spent
Menancapkan Stick Stuck Stuck
Menembak Shoot Shot Shot
Berdarah Bleed Bled Bled

Pola 4: V1 dan V3 sama, V2 berbeda

Arti Base Form( V1) Past Tense (V2) Past Participle (V3)
Datang Come Came Come
Menjadi Become Became Become
Berlari Run Ran Run

5. Pola 4: V1, V2 dan V3 sama semua/ tdk ada perubahan

Arti Base Form( V1) Past Tense (V2) Past Participle (V3)
Mengatur Set Set Set
Mengatur ulang Reset Reset Reset
Membiarkan Let Let Let
Membaca Read Read Read
Membelah Split Split Split
Memotong Cut Cut Cut
Memasukkan Put Put Put
Memukul Hit Hit Hit
Menyebarkan Spread Spread Spread
Menyakiti Hurt Hurt Hurt
Taruhan Bet Bet Bet
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TABEL STRUKTUR GRAMMAR

CONTINUOUS PERFECT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
SIMPLE
To be + V-ing has/have +V3 has/have + been +V-ing
PRESENT
Simple Present Present Continous Present Perfect Present Perfect Continous
(SEKARANG)
Verbal S + V1 + s/es S + is, am, are + V-ing S + has/have +V3 S + has/have + been + V-ing
Non Verbal S + is, am, are + 3C S + is, am, are + 3C S + has/have + been + 3C S + has/have + been + 3C
Every...., always, often, seldom,
Just, already, not.....yet, never, so
rarely, never, usually, Now, right now, at present, at Since, for ......, so far, ever, since,
Time Signal far, until now, up to now, ever,
sometimes, ...... A week, ........ A this moment, this..... all...., lately, recently
since, all ....., recently, lately
year.
PAST (LAMPAU) Simple Past Past Continous Past Perfect Past Perfect Continous
Verbal S + V2 S + was/were + V-ing S + had + V3 S + had + been + V-ing
Non Verbal S + was/were +3C S + was/were + 3C S + had + been + 3C S + had + been + 3C
This morning, the other day, Use specific time signal : At this Disesuaikan waktu lampau : just,
Time Signal For, since
yesterday, ..... Ago, last...... time yesterday,etc already, since, for
FUTURE (AKAN
Simple Future Future Continous Future Perfect Future Perfect Continous
DATANG)
S + will/shall + have + been + V-
Verbal S + will/shall +V1 S + will/shall + be + V-ing S + will/shall + have + V3
ing
Non Verbal S + will/shall + be + 3C S + will/shall + be + 3C S + will/shall + have + been + 3C S + will/shall + have + been + 3C
Tommorow, tonight, this Use specific time signal : At this By + keterangan waktu
Time Signal by + keterangan waktu
weekend, soon, later, next..... time tommorow,etc ................... Durasi waktu
PAST FUTURE (
LAMPAU GAGAL/ Simple Past Future Past Future Continous Past Future Perfect Past Future Perfect Continous
KHAYALAN)
S + would/should + have + been +
Verbal S + would/should + V1 S + would/should + be + V-ing S + would/should + have + V3
V-ing
S + would/should + have + been + S + would/should + have + been +
Non Verbal S + would/should + be + 3C S + would/should + be + 3C
3C 3C