Kunci TOEFL Structure: Perhatikan Elemen

Pembentuk Kalimat dan Hubungan antar Kalimat

Pada dasarnya, di semua cabang ilmu pengetahuan pasti mengenal konsep dan istilah structure
(struktur). Sebuah struktur biasanya memiliki tiga hal pokok yang utama yaitu elemen pembentuk
kalimat, keterkaitan/hubungan antar elemen kalimat, dan pola yang mengikat semua elemen
tersebut. Begitu pula yang terjadi pada soal TOEFL structure dimana Anda harus mengenali
satuan terkecil yang diujikan dalam sebuah kalimat.
Untuk penjelasan lebih detil, berikut disampaikan beragam soal TOEFL structure dan
pembahasannya:

1. I wish you would tell me ………………….

(A) Who is being lived next door
(B) Who does live in the next door
(C) Who lives next door
(D) Who next door was living

Urutan kalimat yang benar adalah subject + verb + (complement) + (modifier). Jadi kalimat (D)
sudah pasti salah karena tidak sesuai aturan baku. Sedangkan pada kalimat (A), is being
livedtidak mungkin pada model struktur verbal. Kemudian kalimat (B) dapat diabaikan karena
kata doesdan in the tidak penting berada dalam kalimat model ini. Jadi jawaban yang benar
adalah (C).

 During the Daytona, the lead car ………………….., leaving the others far behind.
(A) Forwarded rapidly
(B) Advanced rapidly
(C) Advanced forward rapidly
(D) Advanced in a rapidly manner

Setelah subject ‘the lead car’ tentunya Anda akan membutuhkan verb untuk melengkapi kalimat
tersebut. Kata forward bukan merupakan verb, jadi jawaban (A) salah. Lalu jawaban (B) adalah
benar verb + adverb rapidly. Jawaban (C) berlebihan karena advanced artinya move forward,
sedangkan jawaban (D) tidak tepat karena rapidly harusnya digunakan sebagai bentuk adjective.

 In the(A) United States, there(B) are much(C) holidays throughout the(D) year.

Dalam kalimat ini tampak bahwa kata much dapat dikategorikan sebagai non-count
nounssedangkan kata holidays merupakan count noun.
Jadi kata yang salah adalah (C) yang harusnya diganti dengan kata many.

 Tomatoes(A) grows(B) all(C) year long in(D) Florida.

Melihat keseluruhan konteks dalam kalimat tersebut, maka jelaslah bahwa yang
dimaksud disini adalah tomatoes dalam bentuk plural. Maka dari itu, pasangan yang
sesuai setelah bentuk plural adalah singular. Jadi jawaban (B) salah dan harusnya
diganti dengan kata singular grow.

Perhatikan Kosakata dan Tata Bahasa yang Benar

Seperti yang telah diuraikan di atas bahwa TOEFL structure merupakan bagian yang paling sulit
dari keseluruhan pembelajaran tes TOEFL. Oleh karena itu, Anda tidak akan dapat mengerti
serta memahami apa itu structure dan bagaimana metode yang benar untuk mengerjakannya
hanya dengan sekilas pandang atau mempelajarinya dalam waktu yang pendek. Misalnya, Anda
tidak mungkin bisa menguasai soal-soal structure jika Anda baru mulai belajar pada hari Sabtu
sementara Anda akan mengikuti tes TOEFL pada hari Senin. Sebagai tambahan, komponen
utama dalam tata Bahasa Inggris adalah adanya subject dan verb.
Kehadiran subject dan verb ini sangatlah penting sebagai komponen dasar kalimat. Sementara
itu, tata Bahasa Inggris juga mengenal perbedaan waktu pengucapan, apakah itu terjadi pada
masa sekarang, masa lampau, atau masa mendatang. Perbedaan waktu ini akan turut
mempengaruhi bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan serta rumus yang digunakan. Jadi,
pemahaman akan bentuk atau pola rumus (Simple Present atau Simple Past atau Simple Future
Tense) merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam pembahasan TOEFL structure.

Tips Mengerjakan soal Structure and Written Expression

Agar Anda bisa dengan mudah mengerjakan soal-soal pada sesi ini, alangkah baiknya jika Anda
mengetahui Tips atau saran dalam mengerjakannya agar Anda mampu mendapatkan nilai yang
terbaik. Berikut adalah beberapa Tips pada saat mengerjakan soal pada sesi structure and
written expression:

1. Relax dan jangan tegang dalam mengerjakan setiap soal.

2. Tetap teliti walaupun Anda diharuskan menjawab secara cepat. Hal ini dikarenakan
banyak sekali jebakan dalam soal-soal structure anda wrutten expression ini.
3. Jangan terpaku pada satu soal. Ingat, waktu Anda sangat terbatas.
4. Lebih Khusus kenali:
o Penggunaan part of speech (noun, adjective, dll) dalam kalimat
o Agreement of person (misalnya: She is bukan she are); Agreement of number
(misalnya: Many moons bukan many moon); dan Agreement of tense (misalnya: I
saw it yesterday bukan I see it yesterday)
o Word order (susuna kata), misalnya: beautiful girl bukan girl beautiful.
5. Sering-seringlah berlatih menjawab soal-soal yang berkualitas TOEFL. Hal ini
dikarenakan semakin Anda mengenal model-model soal TOEFL, semakin mudah Anda
menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang ada.

1. Contoh soal structure :

________ was backed up for miles on freeway
(a) Yesterday
(b) In the morning
(c) Traffict
(d) Cars
Jawaban : C (Traffict)
Pembahasan dan jawaban :
Pada soal di atas, adalah contoh soal dari kalimat yang mengandung verb atau kata kerja
namun tidak memiliki subject yang jelasnya. Maka C merupakan jawaban yang dianggap
tepat karena kata kerja yang ada sebelum subjek menunjukkan subjek tunggal maka “traffic”
adalah jawaban yang paling tepat. Meskipun “cars” adalah subjek, namun itu adalah subjek
dalam bentuk jamak sehingga tidak sesuai dengan verb yang ada dalam kalimat tersebut.
Sedangkan untuk jawaban (A) dan (B) sudah jelas bukan subjek.
2. Selalu berhati-hati dengan appositive yang ada di dalam kalimat
Biasanya para pelaku test merasa terjebak dengan soal yang mengandung kalimat appositive
yang ada dalam soal toefl dan pembahasannya mengenai soal toefl structure and
written expression. Mereka salah menerka antara subjek dengan noun atau kata benda.
Karena pasalnya appositive merupakan kata benda yang ada sebelum dan sesudah kata
 benda yang lain dalam satu kalimat, namun tetap memiliki keterikatan dan memiliki status
yang sama sehingga bisa membuat bingung pembacanya. Nah, untuk lebih jelasnya
perhatikan contoh soal dan pembahasan berikut ini :
Contoh :
_______, Sarah rarely misses her basketball shots
(a) An excellent basketball player
(b) An excellent basketball player is
(c) Sarah is an excellent basketball player
(d) Her excellent basketball play
Jawaban : A ( An excellent basketball player)
Pembahasan dan jawaban :
A ( An excellent basketball player) merupakan jawaban yang paling tepat karena Sarah
sendiri sudah menunjukkan sebuah subjek, maka Anda harus mencari appositive yang tepat
untuk Sarah. Sedangkan B dan juga C adalah jawaban yang jelas salah karena keduanya
hanya berisi kata kerja saja, dan apositive tidak membutuhkan kata kerja. Dan D adalah
jawaban yang kemungkinan akan dipilih karena kata benda play yang mungkin menjadi
apositive tetapi play di jawaban D lebih menunjukkan status Sarah sebagai pemain, maka
jawaban ini salah.
3. Berhati-hatilah pada present participle
Bentuk kalimat yang mengandung present participle memiliki kata kerja yang memiliki
imbuhan –ing di belakangnya seperti moving, playing, walking , dan contoh kata kerja lainnya.
Biasanya dalam contoh soal struktur kalimat, Anda akan mengalami kebingungan karena sulit
membedakan antara kata kerja (verb) dengan kata sifat (adjective). Sebagai contoh :
1. Verb : The girl is standing in the corner (Anak perempuan itu sedang berdiri dipojok) /
present participle bisa menjadi verb ketika didahului dengan be/to be.
2. Adjective : The girl standing in the corner was very beautiful (Anak yang sedang berdiri di
pojokan itu sangat cantik) / present participle menjadi adjective apabila tidak
diiringi dengan be/to be.

3. Contoh soal structure :

The child ______ playing in the yard is my son(a) Now
(b) Is
(c) He
(d) WasJawaban : A
Ketika Anda berpendapat bahwa playing adalah kata kerja maka ada kemungkinan bahwa
Anda akan memilih B atau D sebagai jawaban Anda. Karena Anda berpikir bahwa kata
kerja membutuhkan be/ to be sebagai penyempurnaannya. Namun sayangnya jawaban
tersebut salah, karena playing bukanlah kata kerja. Dan jika Anda mengamati playing
dalam kalimat atas adalah participle adjective karena kalimat di atas sudah memiliki
subjek yaitu child dan juga kata kerja yaitu is. Maka jawaban yang tepat adalah A atau
Now.
4. Contoh soal written expression :
The midnight sun is (A) a phenomenon in which the Sun visible remains (B) in the
sky (C) for twenty-four hours or longer (D)
Pembahasan :
Jawaban yang harus dibenarkan adalah visible remains menjadi remains visible karena
dilihat dari kata kuncinya yaitu the sun yang mana kata the sun tersebut membutuhkan
predicate bukanlah noun phrase. Jadi untuk menyempurnakan kalimat, seharusnya
setelah kata the sun Anda harus menuliskan remains visible.

Directions : Question 1-15 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will
see for words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C) and (D). You are to choose one word or
phrase that best complete the sentence.

Example I
The swimming instructor came... if the apartment was still available.
A. to see
B. seeing
C. saw
D. for seeing

The sentence should be read "The swimming instructor came to see if the apartment
was still available." Therefore, you should choose A.

Now begin work on the questions.

1. The committee has met twice and ....

A. they reached a final decision
B. a final decision was reached
C. its decision was reached
D. it has reached a final decision

2. The manager won't be able to attend the shareholders' meeting tomorrow because....
A. he must to give a lecture
B. he will be giving a lecture
C. of he will give lecture
D. he will have giving a lecture

3. Brenda's score on the test is the highest in class.

A. She should study hard last night.
B. She should have studied hard last night.
C. She must have studied hard last night.
D. She had to study hard last night

4. To answer accurately is more important than...

A. to finish quickly
B. a quick finish
C. you finish it quickly
D. quick finish

5. Having been served lunch,....

A. the problems were discussed by the participants.
B. the participants discuss the problems.
C. it was discussed by the participants.
D. A discussion of the problems were made by the participants.

6. East Kalimantan relies heavily on income from oil and natural gas, and....
A. Aceh province also.
B. Aceh province too.
C. Aceh province is as well.
D. so does Aceh province.
7. The participants have had some problems deciding....
A. when they should announce the result of the meeting.
B. when are they sgoing to announce the result of the meeting.
C. when should they announce the result of the meeting.
D. the time when the result of the meeting to announce.

8. This year will be more difficult for our organization because....

A. we have less money and volunteers than last year.
B. there is a little money and volunteers than last year.
C. it has less money and fewer volunteers than it had last year.
D. it has fewer money and less volunteers than it had last year.

9. Professor Baker told his students that...

A. they can turn over their reports on Mondays.
B. the reports can turn over on Monday.
C. they could hand in their reports on Monday.
D. the reports they can hand in on Monday.

10. The adder is a venomous snake ... bite may prove fatal to humans.
A. its
B. whom its
C. that
D. whose

11. .... a bee colony gets, the more the queen's egglaying capability diminishers.
A. It is more overcrowded.
B. The more overcrowded.
C. More overcrowded than.
D. More than overcrowded.

12. The chairwoman requested that ....

A. the participants studied more careful the problem.
B. the participants study the problem more carefully.
C. the participants studied the problem with more careful.
D. the problem be studied more carefully.

13. Unlike the earth, which rotates once every twenty-four hours ... once every ten
hours.
A. the rotation of Jupiter
B. Jupiter rotates
C. Jupiter rotation
D. Jupiter rotate

14. Jackson,... capital of Mississippi, is the largest city in the state.

A. the
 B. it is the
C. is the
D. where the

15. The various types of bacteria are classified according to...shapes.

A. whose
B. how they are
C. have
D. their

KUNCI JAWABAN

1. D 11. B
2. B 12. B
3. B 13. B
4. B 14. A
5. B 15. B
6. D
7. A
8. C
9. C
10.D

Sesi terakhir yang Anda akan temui pada tes TOEFL ITP yaitu sesi reading comprehension. Pada sesi
terakhir ini, Anda harus menjawab 50 soal reading dalam waktu 55 menit.
1. The gray scale, a progressive series of shades ranging from black to white, is used in computer
graphics ---- detail to graphical images.
(A) added
(B) to add
(C) are added
(D) and add

2. By ---- excluding competition from an industry, governments have often created public service
monopolies.
(A) they adopt laws
(B) laws are adopted
(C) adopting laws
(D) having laws adopt
3. ---- skeleton of an insect is on the outside of its body.
(A) Its
(B) That the
(C) There is a
(D) The

4. Lenses, ---- are used to correct imperfections in eyesight.

(A) are the forms of glasses and contact lenses
(B) in the form of glasses and contact lenses
(C) glasses and contact lenses which form
(D) glasses and contact lenses may be formed

5. In eighteenth-century North America, printed engravings provided ---- of rococo style.

(A) the most manifestation widespread
(B) manifestation widespread the most
(C) the widespread manifestation most
(D) the most widespread manifestation

6. In the Arctic tundra, ice fog may form under clear skies in winter, ---- coastal fogs or low status
clouds are common in summer.
(A) because of
(B) whereas
(C) despite
(D) that

7. On attaining maximum size, ---- by drawing itself out and dividing into two daughter amoebas, each
receiving identical nuclear materials.
(A) the reproduction of the amoeba
(B) the amoeba, which reproduces
(C) reproducing the amoeba
(D) the amoeba reproduces

8. For the advertiser, one of the greatest appeals of radio is ---- an audience all day long.
(A) that it has
(B) that to have
(C) to have it
(D) having it

9. Charles Schulz’s comic strip, “Peanuts,” features children who make --- about life. (A) funny, wise
statements that
 (B) which funny, wise statements
(C) statements are funny but wise
(D) funny but wise statements

10. One of the major rivers of the western United States, ---- flows for some 1,500 miles from Colorado
to northwestern Mexico.
(A) it is the Colorado River
(B) the Colorado River which
(C) and the Colorado River
(D) the Colorado River

11. In art, the tendency of gouache colors to lighten on drying makes ---- a wide range of pearly or
pastel-like effects.
(A) it is possible
(B) possible
(C) possible to be
(D) it possible the

12. Isabel Bishop was one of many American artists ---- by the government during the Depression
years on various federal art projects.
(A) employed
(B) whose employment
(C) to employ
(D) had been employed

13. Outbreaks of diseases in trees commonly occur ---- stressed because of drought or other
environmental factors.
(A) as forests that become
(B) in forests become
(C) that become forests
(D) when forests become

14. To break thick ice, an icebreaker boat moves fast enough to ride up on the ice, ---- under
its weight.
(A) so then breaks
(B) when breaks it
(C) which then breaks
(D) for which then breaks

15. Cholesterol is present in large quantities in the nervous system, where ---- compound of myelin.
 (A) it a
(B) a
(C) being a
(D) it is a

16. Painters of the early twentieth century who were known primarily for they colorful
A B C
landscapes, the Group of Seven changed is name to the Canadian Group of Painters in 1933.
D
17. Most animals have nervous systems, sense organs, and specialized modes of locomotion, and are
A B C
capable of securing ingesting, and to digest food.
D
18. The cork oak tree has a layer of cork several inches thickness that can be stripped every ten years.
A B C D
19. Inflation, interest rates, and overall economic active can be governed by the United States Federal
A B C
Reserve’s decision to adjust the supply of money to the economy.
D
20. Free radicals of oxygen, which common by-products of metabolic processes in the body, are
A B C
capable of causing tissue damage.
D
21. By 1830 the glass industry in the United States had become too well established that the country
A B
no longer needed to depend on imported glass.
C D
22. Free land, cheaply transportation, and powerfully persuasive railroad advertising all helped flood
A B
the western part of the United States with farmers in the nineteenth century.
C D
23. Coral formations have known as fringing reefs are located close to shore, separated from land only
A B C
by shallow water.
D
24. For a seagoing, cargo-carrying sailing vessels, the clipper ship was remarkably fast.
A B C D
25. Visibly only through large telescopes, Pluto has a yellowish color, which indicates that there is
A B C
very little atmosphere.
 D
26. Diamond is the hardest known substance, so diamonds can be cut only by another diamonds.
A B C D
27.The International Monetary Fund was created in a effort to stabilize exchange rates
A B
without interfering with the healthy growth of trade.
C D
28. Butterflies and moths undergo complete metamorphosis, them changing from caterpillar to adult
A B C
via one intermediate stage, the pupa.
D
29. Thousands of meteorite hit Earth each year, but most fall into the sea or in remote areas and are
A B C
never recovered.
D
30. Alaska became the forty-ninth state in 1959, and Hawaii became the fiftieth state lately that year.
A B C D
31. A sponge feeds itself by drawing water through tiny pores on its surface, filtering out food
A B
particles, and then expel the water through larger vents.
C D
32. Toward the end of his life, john Singer Sargent returned to the painting of landscapes and the use
A B C
of watercolors, of which he excelled.
D
33. Pythons differ than most other snakes by having two well-developed lungs rather than a
A B C
much smaller left lung or no left lung at all.
D
34. Weighing among two to five kilograms in adults, the skin is the largest organ of the human body.
A B C D
35. Rodents dwell in various habitat, some species being aquatic, some terrestrial.
A B C D
36. The nectar of flowers are ingested by worker bees and converted to honey in special sacs in their
A B C D
digestive systems.

37. Lucid dreaming, the ability dreamers to become aware of and to control their
dreams while A B C
dreaming, is the focus of some current psychological research.
 D
38. The sensation of sound is produced how vibrations transmitted through the air strike the eardrum.
A B C D
39. The musical tone of an electric guitar is created not by the resonance of the body of the guitar but
A B C
by electronically amplification.
D
40. Considered one of the most beautiful of the fine art, ballet is a combination of dance and mime
A B C
performed to music.
D

Kunci Jawaban Soal Tes TOEFL Model Test 1

BCDBD BDADD BADCD CDBCA BAABA DBBAD CDABB AACDB
Pembahasan Jawaban Soal TOEFL Model Test 1
Untuk pembahasan jawaban soal TOEFL model tes 1 ini akan kami bahas ke depannya. Untuk saat ini
kami fokus untuk update bentuk-bentuk soal TOEFL dan jawaban. Silahkan berlangganan pada blog
Pusat TOEFL ini. Ke depannya pembahasn soal-soal TOEFL di blog ini akan terus kami update. Kritik,

saran, pertanyaan, atau komentar apapun itu akan sangat membantu perbaikan situs ini

sumber http://youngspirit90.blogspot.com/2014/01/contoh-soal-toefl-dan-pembahasannya.html