PASSIVE VOICE

FUNGSI DARI PASSIVE VOICE

Kalimat pasif atau passive voice digunakan untuk menunjukkan ketertarikan pada seseorang atau objek yang dikenai tindakan dan bukan
seseorang atau objek yang melakukan tindakan. Jadi, hal atau orang yang terpenting akan menjadi subjek kalimat.

CONTOH

 The passive voice is used frequently. (= kita tertarik dengan kalimat pasif, bukan siapa yang menggunakannya.)
 The house was built in 1654. (= kita tertarik dengan rumahnya, bukan siapa yang membangunnya.)
 The road is being repaired. (= kita tertarik dengan jalannya, bukan siapa yang melakukan perbaikan.)

Terkadang, kita menggunakan kalimat pasif karena kita tidak mengetahui atau tidak ingin menyatakan siapa yang melakukan tindakan.

CONTOH

 I noticed that a window had been left open.

 Every year thousands of people are killed on our roads.
 All the cookies have been eaten.
 My car has been stolen!

Kalimat pasif sering digunakan dalam teks formal. Mengubahnya menjadi kalimat aktif akan membuat tulisan Anda lebih jelas dan lebih
mudah dibaca.

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 Pasif Aktif

A great deal of meaning is conveyed by a few well-chosen A few well-chosen words convey a great deal of
words. meaning.

Our planet is wrapped in a mass of gases. A mass of gases wrap around our planet.

Waste materials are disposed of in a variety of ways. The city disposes of waste materials in a variety of
ways.

Jika ingin mengatakan siapa atau apa yang melakukan suatu tindakan dalam kalimat pasif, kita menggunakan preposisi by. Saat kita
mengetahui siapa yang melakukan tindakan itu dan tertarik dengan subjeknya, lebih baik kita mengubahnya ke kalimat aktif.

Pasif Aktif

"A Hard Day's Night" was written by the Beatles. The Beatles wrote "A Hard Day's Night".

The movie ET was directed by Spielberg. Spielberg directed the movie ET.

This house was built by my father. My father built this house.

Bacalah selengkapnya tentang kesetaraan kalimat pasif dan aktif untuk semua tense kata kerja bahasa Inggris.

MEMBENTUK PASSIVE VOICE

Kalimat pasif dalam bahasa Inggris terdiri dari dua unsur:

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bentuk kata kerja to be yang sesuai + past participle

Positif Negatif Pertanyaan Pertanyaan Negatif

The house was built in 1899. The house wasn't built in 1899. Was the house built in 1899? Wasn't the house built in 1899?

These houses were built in 1899. These houses weren't built in Were these houses built in Weren't these houses built in
1899. 1899? 1899?

TO CLEAN, PASSIVE VOICE

Subjek + to be (disesuaikan) + past participle + sisa kalimat

Simple present

The house Is cleaned every day.

Present continuous

The house is being cleaned at the moment.

Simple past

The house Was cleaned yesterday.

Past continuous

The house was being cleaned last week.

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Present perfect

The house has been cleaned since you left.

Past perfect

The house had been cleaned before they arrived.

Future

The house will be cleaned next week.

Future continuous

The house will be being cleaned tomorrow.

Present conditional

The house would be cleaned if they had visitors.

Past conditional

The house would have been cleaned if it had been dirty.

Inifinitive

The house must be cleaned before we arrive.

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PASSIVE VOICE DENGAN INFINITIVE

Kalimat pasif infinitive digunakan setelah modal kata kerja (modal verb), dan kata kerja lainnya biasanya diikuti oleh infinitive.

CONTOH

 You have to be tested on your English grammar.

 John might be promoted next year.
 She wants to be invited to the party.
 I expect to be surprised on my birthday.
 You may be disappointed.

PASSIVE VOICE DENGAN GERUND

Gerund digunakan setelah preposisi, dan kata kerja biasanya diikuti oleh gerund.

CONTOH

 I remember being taught to drive.

 The children are excited about being taken to the zoo.
 The children are excited to be taken to the zoo.
 Most film stars hate being interviewed.
 Most film stars hate to be interviewed.
 Poodles like to be pampered.
 Poodles like being pampered.

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MENGGUNAKAN 'TO BE BORN'

To be born adalah bentuk pasif dan biasanya digunakan dalam bentuk past tense. Namun, dalam beberapa kasus, present atau future
tense dapat digunakan.

CONTOH

 I was born in 1976.

 Where were you born?
 Around 100 babies are born in this hospital every week.
 We don't know on exactly which day the baby will be born.

Terkadang, kalimat pasif dibentuk menggunakan kata kerja to get atau to have, dan bukan to be. Berikut halaman terpisah yang membahas
tentang cara-cara alternatif untuk membentuk kalimat pasif.

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PASSIVE VOICE MENJADI ACTIVE VOICE

Kalimat yang ditulis dalam kalimat aktif (active voice) lebih mudah dipahami daripada kalimat yang ditulis dalam kalimat pasif (passive voice).

Mengubah kalimat pasif menjadi kalimat aktif sangat mudah, tetapi membutuhkan sedikit latihan. Dalam tabel kesetaraan di bawah ini,

perhatikan bahwa tense kata kerja to be dalam kalimat pasif selalu sama seperti tense kata kerja utama dalam kalimat aktif. Untuk

menggunakan kalimat aktif, Anda harus membuat subjek tindakannya jelas.

TO KEEP, KALIMAT AKTIF DAN PASIF

Tense Bentuk Aktif Bentuk Pasif Kalimat Aktif Kalimat Pasif

Simple present keep is kept I keep the butter in the fridge. The butter is kept in the fridge.

Present is keeping is being kept John is keeping my house tidy. My house is being kept tidy.

continuous

Simple past kept was kept Mary kept her schedule Mary's schedule was kept meticulously.

meticulously.

Past continuous was keeping was being kept The theater was keeping a seat A seat was being kept for you.

for you.

Present perfect have kept have been kept I have kept all your old letters. All your old letters have been kept.

Past perfect had kept had been kept He had kept up his training His training regimen had been kept up for

regimen for a month. a month.

Simple future will keep will be kept Mark will keep the ficus. The ficus will be kept.

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Conditional would keep would be kept If you told me, I would keep your If you told me, your secret would be kept.

present secret.

Conditional past would have would have been I would have kept your bicycle Your bicycle would have been kept here if

kept kept here if you had left it with me. you had left it with me.

Present to keep to be kept She wants to keep the book. The book wants to be kept.

infinitive

Perfect to have kept to have been Judy was happy to have kept the The puppy was happy to have been kept.

infinitive kept puppy.

Present keeping being kept I have a feeling that you may be I have a feeling that a secret may be

participle & keeping a secret. being kept.

gerund

Perfect having kept having been kept Having kept the bird in a cage for The bird, having been kept in a cage for

participle so long, Jade wasn't sure it could so long, might not survive in the wild.

survive in the wild.

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