ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan : Efek samping Cisplatin antara lain nefrotoksik, hepatotoksik,

neurotoksik dan ototoksik. Angka kejadian dan derajat beratnya ototoksisitas
akibat Cisplatin bergantung kepada usia, dosis, jumlah siklus terapi, keadaan
ginjal, dan pemberian obat ototosik lainnya secara bersamaan. Adanya efek
ototoksik yang ditimbulkan akibat pemberian Cisplatin maka perlu dilakukan
pemeriksaan audiometri nada murni.
Tujuan : Melihat proporsi ototoksisitas kemoterapi neoadjuvant dan
konkomitan pada penderita karsinoma nasofaring di RSUP H.Adam Malik
Medan.
Metode : Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan 45 penderita karsinoma
nasofaring setelah kemoterapi neoadjuvant dan konkomitan dilakukan
pemeriksaan audiometri nada murni.
Hasil Penelitian : Proporsi ototoksik setelah kemoterapi neoadjuvant dan
konkomitan paling banyak ditemukan umur 31-40 tahun dan umur 41-50
tahun masing-masing sebesar 20%, jenis kelamin laki-laki sebesar 64,4%,
dan stadium klinis yang paling banyak ditemukan proporsi ototoksik adalah
stadium IV sebesar 46,7%. Jenis derajat gangguan pendengaran sedang
yang terbanyak mengalami ototoksisitas sebesar 35,6%, jenis gangguan
pendengaran tuli campur sebesar 44,4% yang mengalami proporsi ototoksik,
dan disusul pada jenis gangguan pendengaran sensorineural sebesar 35,6%.
Kesimpulan : Perlu dilakukan skrining pendengaran sebelum dan setelah
kemoterapi neoadjuvant dan konkomitan untuk mempersiapkan sebaik
mungkin faktor-faktor risiko terjadinya ototoksik.
Kata Kunci : Karsinoma nasofaring, audiometri nada murni, ototoksik
 ABSTRACT

Background : Side effects of Cisplatin are nefrotoxic, hepatotoxic, neurotoxic

and ototoxic. The insidens value and severity level of ototoxicity of Cisplatin
depends on a few factors such as age, dosage, total treatment cycle, kidney
condition and consumption of other ototoxic medicine. Pure tone audiometry
test must be done if there were ototoxic effects due to Cisplatin consumption.
Purpose : To observe neoadjuvant and konkomitan chemotherapy ototoxicity
proportion in patients with carcinoma nasopharyngeal at general hospital
H.Adam Malik Medan.
Methods : This is a descriptive experiment which involve 45 patients with
carcinoma nasopharyngeal who went through neoadjuvant and konkomitan
chemotherapy and then examined by pure tone audiometry.
Results :The value of ototoxic proportion after neoadjuvant and konkomitan
chemotherapy that mostly found within 31-40 years old and 41-50 years old is
20%, male sex is 64,4%, and the most clinical stage of ototoxic proportion is
stage IV is about 46,7%. The hearing level of moderate is the most level that
went through ototoxic which is around 35,6%, the type of mix hearing loss
that went through ototoxic is 44.4% and then sensorineural hearing loss by
35,6%.
Conclusion : Hearing screening should be done before and after
neoadjuvant and concomitant chemotherapy to reduce the risk factor of
ototoxicity event.
Key words : Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, pure tone audiometry, ototoxicity.