HALAMAN JUDUL ..............................................................................................

i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................................ ii
KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................... iii
INTISARI ............................................................................................................... vi
ABSTRACS ............................................................................................................ vii
DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................. ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................. x
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ...................................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang ...................................................................................... 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................. 3
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................. 3
1.3.1 Tujuan Umum .............................................................................. 3
1.3.2 Tujuan Khusus ............................................................................. 3
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................................ 3
1.4.1 Bagi Institusi .............................................................................. 1
1.4.2 Bagi Peneliti ................................................................................. 3
1.4.3 Bagi Peneliti Lain
1.4.4 Bagi Masyarakat .......................................................................... 4
1.5 Keaslian Penelitian ................................................................................ 5
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................ 6
2.1 Hepar ....................................................................................................
2.1.1 Anatomi........................................................................................
2.1.2 Fisiologi ....................................................................................... 6
2.2 Karbon Tetraklorida (CCl4) .................................................................. 8
2.3 Mekanisme Kerusakan Hepar oleh CCl4 .............................................. 10
2.4 Malondialdehide (MDA) ....................................................................... 12
2.5 Andrografolid ........................................................................................
 2.6 Kurkumin ..............................................................................................
2.7 Tikus Putih Galur Wistar ......................................................................
2.8 Kerangka Teori......................................................................................
2.9 Kerangka Konsep ..................................................................................
2.10 Hipotesis.............................................................................................. 14
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN ............................................................... 21
3.1 Rancangan Penelitian ............................................................................
3.1.1 Desain Penelitian .........................................................................
3.1.2 Waktu dan Tempat Penelitian ...................................................... 21
3.2 Subyek Penelitian .................................................................................. 22
3.2.1 Sampel Penelitian......................................................................... 22
3.2.2 Besar Sampel Penelitian .............................................................. 22
3.2.3 Cara Pengambilan Sampel ....................................................... 23
3.3 Variabel Penelitian ................................................................................ 24
3.4.1 Variabel Bebas .............................................................................
3.4.2 Variabel Terikat ...........................................................................
3.4 Definisi Operasional Penelitian
3.5 Instrumen Penelitian..............................................................................
3.5.1 Alat ...............................................................................................
3.5.2 Bahan ...........................................................................................
3.6 Jalannya Penelitian ................................................................................
3.6.1 Persiapan Penelitian .....................................................................
3.6.2 Pengujian Efek Hepatoprotektor ..................................................
3.6.3 Pengukuran Kadar MDA Jaringan Hepar ....................................
3.7 Alur Penelitian ......................................................................................
3.8 Analisis Data.........................................................................................
3.9 Etika Penelitian .................................................................................... 31
BAB IV ...................................................................................................................
BAB V ....................................................................................................................
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .............................................................................................
LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................................