3 4
D F
2 5
20
19 15
C
G
14 16
21
1 18 6
13
17
A B
7 H 8 I 9 J
I 10 K 11 L 12
250 250 250 250 250 250
1500
Kelas kuat
Jati (Tectonagrandis)
Kelas I Kelas II Kelas III Kelas IV Kelas V
σIt 150 100 75 50 - 130
σtkII=σtkII 130 85 60 45 - 110
σtkI 40 25 15 10 - 30
tII 20 12 8 5 - 15
Tekanan yang diperkenankan untuk gaya yang searah dengan serat kayu :
σtkά = σtkII - (σtkII - σtkI) sin ά
= 106.25 - ( 106.25 - 31.25 ) sin 35
= 106.25 - ( 75 ) x 0.576 sin 35 : 0.576
= 63.050 Kg/m² cos 35 : 0.819
Perhitungan panjang masing-masing batang
Beban merata
> Akibat atap
Karena menggunakan atap seng maka menurut PPI untuk gedung 1983 diperoleh :
berat seng tanpa gording (q1) : 10 x 1 = 10 Kg/m²
P = 100 kg
q = 60,209 kg
3.00
M = 1/8 q L² + 1/4 P L
= 0.125 60.209 3 + 0.25 100 3
= 0.125 60.209 9 + 0.25 100 3
= 67.7348901 + 75
= 142.73489 Kg/m
Ditinjau terhadap sumbu X dan sumbu Y
sin 35 : 0.576
cos 35 : 0.819
maka MX = M . Sin ά = 142.73489 x 0.576
= 82.215 Kg/m ~ 8221.5 Kg/cm
MX = M . Cos ά = 142.73489 x 0.819
= 116.900 Kg/m ~ 11690 Kg/cm
= 51.3845604 + 38.966625
= 90.351 Kg/m²
dimana : WY = 1/6 . b² . h
= 1\6 x 8 x 15
= 0.166667 x 64 x 15
WY = 1/6 . b² . h
= 1\6 x 8 x 15
= 0.166667 x 8 x 225
It = 100
γ = 5\4 : 1.25
β = 1
5 . qx . L 5 0.347 300
fxq = =
384 . E . Iy 384 100000 640
14045506813.1868
=
24576000000
= 0.571513 cm
px . L 0.576 300
fxp = =
48 . E . Iy 48 100000 640
15552000
=
3072000000
= 0.005063 cm
Fx = 0.57151314 + 0.0050625
= 0.57657564 cm
5 . qy . L 5 0.493 300
fyq = =
384 . E . Ix 384 100000 3375
19970955000
=
129600000000
= 0.154097 cm
py . L 0.819 300
fxp = =
48 . E . Ix 48 100000 3375
22113000
=
16200000000
= 0.001365 cm
Fy = 0.15409688 + 0.001365
= 0.15546188 cm
F = ( Fx² + Fy² )½
= ( 0.576576 + 0.155462 )½
= ( 0.332439 + 0.024168 )½
= ( 0.356608 )½
= 0.59716652 cm
c = ( L - 2 ) + [ ( L - 10 ) / ( ά - 10 ) ] x [ ( L - 5 ) - ( L - 2 ) ]
= 15 2 15 10 35 10
15 5 15 2
= 12.4
q4 = (c.d.a)/L
= 12.4 3 2.5 / 15
= 6.2 Kg/cm² ~ 0.062 Kg/cm²
> Pembebanan :
Beban mati = q1 + q2
= 0.0010 0.0009
= 0.0019 Kg/cm²
Dimana : n = 8 buah
R = ( qm x d + P ) x n
= 0.0019 300 100 x 8
= 804.56
Berat sendiri kuda-kuda ( Rs ) :
q4 = 0.062
Rs = q4 x L
= 0.062 x 1500
= 93 Kg
P1 = 1/8 . P
= 0.125 x 897.56 = 112.20 Kg
P2 = 1/8 . P
= 0.125 x 897.56 = 112.20 Kg
P3 = 1/2 . P
= 0.5 x 112.20 = 56.10 Kg
P5 = a . 1/8 . P
= 250 x 300 x 0.0018
= 135 Kg
P4 = 1/2 . P5
= 0.5 x 135.00 = 67.50 Kg
Beban angin.
Angin kiri :
Tekanan angin (w) = 45 Kg/m² = 0.0045 Kg/cm²
k1 = 0.02 x 35 - 0.4
= 0.3 Kg/cm²
k2 = -0.4 Kg/cm²
qw1 = k1 x w
= 0.3 x 0.0045
= 0.00135
qw2 = k2 x w
= -0.4 x 0.0045
= -0.0018
> Angin hembus ( Tt )
Tt = qw1 x 4 ( 250 / cos 35 ) x 300
= 0.00135 4 250 / 0.819 ) x 300
= 494.5 Kg
T1 = 1/2 x ( 1/4 Tt )
= 0.5 x ( 0.25 x 494.5 )
= 61.81 Kg
T2 = 1/4 Tt
= 0.25 x 494.50549
= 123.63 Kg
T3 = 1/2 T2
= 0.5 x 123.63
= 61.81 Kg
T4 = 1/2 x ( 1/4 Tt )
= 0.5 x ( 0.25 x 494.5 )
= 61.81 Kg
T5 = 1/4 Tt Kg
= 0.25 x 494.5
= 123.63
T6 = 61.81 Kg
TABEL CREMONA
AS
4 -1516.4 0.865 50 43.25 -43.25 -1559.7
AT
5 -2013.2 0.035 50 1.75 -1.75 -2015.0
6 -2510.3 0.935 50 46.75 -46.75 -2557.1
7 2056.3 8.566 50 428.3 2.85 2487.45
8 2056.3 8.566 50 428.3 2.85 2487.45
AL
9 1649.1 6.411 50 320.55 104.95 2074.6
NT
10 1649.1 2.099 50 104.95 320.55 2074.6
ZO
11 2056.3 0.057 50 2.85 428.3 2487.45
RI
HO
12 2056.3 0.057 50 2.85 428.3 2487.45
13 270.4 0 50 0 0 270.4
L
14 555.1 1.509 50 75.45 75.45 706
A
ON
15 210.1 0 50 0 0 210.1
G
16 555.1 1.509 50 75.45 75.45 706 DIA
17 270.4 0 50 0 0 270.4
18 -497.1 2.631 50 -131.55 131.55 -628.65
AL
( 9 ³ x 17 )½
Imin =
( 12 x 9 x 17 )½
( 729 x 17 )½
=
( 12 x 9 x 17 )½
110.359910
= = 2.5980762 cm
42.477549
305.3
λ = = 117.4909 ,dari tabel faktor tekuk didapat ω : 5.77
2.5980762
P x ω 2557.1 x 5.77
σtk = =
Fbrt 9 x 17
14754.179
=
150.36185
= 98.12 Kg/m²
885.8
0.8 2 xbxh) =
106.250
1.6 x b x h = 8.3365
1.6 x b x h = 8.3365 / 1.6
b x h = 5.2103
b x 2b = 5.2103 , diremcamakam h = 2b
b2 = 5.2103
b = 2.28261
9
22
17
2 Diagomal 8
16
8
19
16
3 Vertikal 8
16
8
19
16
4 Horizontal 9
17
9
19
9
22
17
Ketentuan umum
Dari perencanaan didapat data sbb :
Teg. Izin lentur sejajar 100 x 1 x 5\4 : 125.00 Kg/m²
Teg. Izin tekan sejajar 85 x 1 x 5\4 : 106.25 Kg/m²
Teg. Izin tarik sejajar 85 x 1 x 5\4 : 106.25 Kg/m²
Teg. Izin tekan tegak lurus 25 x 1 x 5\4 : 31.25 Kg/m²
Teg. Izin tarik sejajar 12 x 1 x 5\4 : 15.00 Kg/m²
S1 : 2557,1
S7 : 2487,5
Direncanakan sambungan gigi antara batang 1 dan 7, menurut garis bagi sudut luar
P : 2557.1 kg
Sudut ά : 35
σtkII 1/2ά: σtkII . 5/4 - ( σtkII . 5/4 - 5/4 . σtk┴ ) . Sin 1/2ά
: 106.25 x 1.25 - ( 106.25 x 1.25 - 1.25 x 31.25 ) - 17.5
: 106.25 x 1.25 -x ( 106.25 x 1.25 -x 1.25 x 31.25 x) x- 0.301
: 104.59375xKg/m² x x x x x x
N : P x Cos 1/2ά = 2557.1 x cos 1/2 35
= 2557.1 x 0.954
= 2439.43 Kg
N x Cos 1/2ά 2439.43 x 0.954
tm : =
σtkII 1/2ά x b 104.5938 x 9
2327.212
= = 2.472 cm
941.3438
check :
tm = 2.472 cm < 1/4 h = 1/4 x 17
= 0.25 x 17
= 4.177 …………….OK
P x cos ά 2557.1 x cos 17.5
lm = =
ς . tkII . b 5/4 x 15.00 x 9
2557.1 x 0.954
=
1.25 x 15.00 x 9
= 14.456
sambungan gigi
9
17
b. Titik buhul C.
S2 : 2015
70°
S13 : 270,4
9
17
baut
baut
16
8
8
16
c. Titik buhul D.
S3 : 1559,7
S2 : 2015
S19 : 885,75
S14 : 706
S3 : 1559,7
S2 : 2015
S19 : 885,75
S14 : 706
Direncanakan sambungan baut antara batang vertikal 14 dengan batang atas
P : 706 kg
Sudut ά : 55
Plat sambung baja tebal 4 mm lebar 6 cm
Ǿ baut rencana 1,27 cm ( 1/2” )
Sambungan golongan I bertampang dua :
S = 125 d b ( 1 – 0,6 sin 55 )
= 125 x 1.27 x 8 ( 1 - 0.6 x 0.94 )
= 477.52 Kg
S = 250 d b ( 1 – 0,6 sin 55 )
= 250 x 1.27 x 8 ( 1 - 0.6 x 0.94 )
= 955.04 Kg
S = 480 d² ( 1 – 0,6 sin 55 )
= 125 x 1.27 ² ( 1 - 0.6 x 0.94 )
= 125 x 1.6129 ( 1 - 0.6 x 0.94 )
= 87.903 Kg
S yang diambil yang paling kecil S min = 87.903 Kg
n = P = 706.0
S min 87.903
= 8.032 ~ 9 Buah
baut
8
16
S4 : 1559,7
baut
8
16
d. Titik buhul E.
S3 : 1559,7 S4 : 1559,7
S15 : 210,1
Direncanakan sambungan gigi antara batang 3 dan 15, menurut garis bagi sudut luar
P : 1559.7 kg
Sudut ά : 55
σtkII 1/2ά: σtkII . 5/4 - ( σtkII . 5/4 - 5/4 . σtk┴ ) . Sin 1/2ά
: 106.25 x 1.25 - ( 106.25 x 1.25 - 1.25 x 31.25 ) - 27.5
: 106.25 x 1.25 x- ( 106.25 x 1.25 x- 1.25 x 31.25 x) x- 0.462
: 89.5xKg/m² x x x x x x
N : P x Cos 1/2ά = 1559.7 x cos 1/2 35
= 1559.7 x 0.954
= 1487.91 Kg
N x Cos 1/2ά 1487.91 x 0.954
tm : =
σtkII 1/2ά x b 89.5 x 8
1419.462
= = 1.982 cm
716
check :
tm = 1.982 cm < 1/4 h = 1/4 x 17
= 0.25 x 17
= 4.177 …………….OK
sambungan gigi
8
16
e. Titik buhul H.
S13 : 270,4
S7 : 2487,5 S8 : 2487,5
16
8
17
baut
f. Titik buhul I.
S8 : 2487,5 S9 : 2074,6
16
8
9
17
baut
d. Titik buhul J.
S15 : 210,1
Direncanakan sambungan gigi antara batang 9 dan 15, menurut garis bagi sudut luar
P : 885.8 kg
Sudut ά : 90
σtkII 1/2ά: σtkII . 5/4 - ( σtkII . 5/4 - 5/4 . σtk┴ ) . Sin 1/2ά
: 106.25 x 1.25 - ( 106.25 x 1.25 - 1.25 x 31.25 ) - 45
: 106.25 x 1.25 -x ( 106.25 x 1.25 x- 1.25 x 31.25 x) x- 0.707
: 66.53125xKg/m² x x x x x x
N : P x Cos 1/2ά = 885.8 x cos 1/2 90
= 885.8 x 0.707
= 626.23 Kg
N x Cos 1/2ά 626.23 x 0.707
tm : =
σtkII 1/2ά x b 66.53125 x 9
442.7413
= = 0.739 cm
598.7813
check :
tm = 0.739 cm < 1/4 h = 1/4 x 9
= 0.25 x 9
= 2.250 …………….OK
16
8
9
17
kokot
0.01041666667
4 1.40725E+12 1840.986395
384 764400000
0.000543187
8 8
9 9
9