Kompetensi Dasar
3.5 Menerapkan fungsi sosial, struktur teks. dan unsur kebahasaan teks interaksi transaksional lisan dan
tulis yang melibatkan tindakan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait keadaan/tindakan/kegiatan/
kejadian tanpa perlu menyebutkan pelakunya dalam teks ilmiah. Sesuai dengan konteks
penggunaannya. (Perhatikan unsur kebahasaan passive voice)
3.8 Membedakan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan beberapa teks explanation lisan dan
tulis dengan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait gejala alam atau sosial yang tercakup dalam mata
pelajaran lain di kelas XI, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya.
4.5 Menyusun teks interaksi transaksional lisan dan tulis yang melibatkan tindakan memberi dan meminta
informasi terkait keadaan/tindakan/kegiatan/kejadian tanpa perlu menyebutkan pelakunya dalam
teks ilmiah, dengan memperhatikan fungsi sosial. struktur teks. dan unsur kebahasaan yang benar dan
sesuai konteks.
4.8 Menangkap makna secara kontekstual terkait fungsi sosial. struktur teks. dan unsur kebahasaan teks
explanation lisan dan tulis, terkait gejala alam atau sosial yang tercakup dalam mata pelajaran lain di
kelas X!.
Pengalaman Belajar
Melalui proses pembelajaran It Can Be Explained,
siswa memperoleh pengalaman belajar sebagai berikut.
• Membaca beberapa teks explanation terkait gejala alam atau sosial.
• Mengidentifikasi bagian‐bagian struktur teks explanation.
• Bertanya jawab tentang beberapa teks explanation dengan topik yang berbeda.
• Mengumpulkan informasi dari berbagai sumber untuk membuat teks explanation tentang fenomena
alam serta sosial pendek dan sederhana.
• Mempresentasikan teks explanation yang disertai gambar.
• Membaca teks explanation yang banyak menggunakan kalimat pasif.
• Melengkapi teks explanation yang menggunakan kalimat pasif tanpa menyebutkan pelakunya.
• Menggunakan kalimat pasif tanpa menyebutkan pelakunya dalam teks explanation.
Explanation Text
Social Function of Explanation Text
An explanation text is a kind of text which tells or explains processes relating to forming of natural or
social phenomena or how something works. It is to say why and how of the forming of the phenomena.
Explanation texts are factual genres. As a genre, explanations detail and logically describe the stages in a
natural, social, or technological phenomenon of our world. In conclusion, explanation texts combine how
and why.
The following are the social function or purpose of explanation text.
1. To tell why and how of the forming of the phenomena.
2. To explain why things are as they are and how they are formed or made.
3. To explain the processes involved in the evolution of natural and social phenomenon or how
something works.
4. To explain how something works or the process involved in actions, events, or behavior.
Types of Explanation Text
1. Sequential Explanation (How something works/occurs)
It explains an occurrence or how something works, for example how water boils.
2. Cause and Effect Explanation (Why something occurs)
It explains why things happen, for example why people migrate.
General Structure of Explanation Text
1. General statement (introduction)
It is about the phenomenon issue which is to be explained. It is to introduce the topic.
The process being explained may be highlighted in a little or in the first sentence or stage.
2. A sequenced explanation of the stage
It consists of sequenced explanation of why or how something occurs, or a series of chronological
steps which explain how or why something happens.
Language Features of Explanation Text
1. Focus on generic, non‐human participants, or things.
2. Use of abstract nouns, for example heat, earthquake, tsunami. ,
3. Use of simple present tense.
4. Use of temporal and causal conjunctions.
5. Use of passive voice.
6. Use of action verbs to explain cause.
7. Use of noun phrases.
8. Use of complex sentences.
9. Use of technical terms or words chains about a subject.
Activity1 Reading Comprehension
Landslides
Landslides happen when dirt, rock, or mud suddenly falls or slides down a slope. Mudslides are the
most common type of landslides. Thousands of landslides happen around the world every year. Many
landslides occur in mountain areas where no people live. These landslides often go unnoticed. But a
landslide that hits a town or city can cause deaths and millions of dollars in damage.
The ground is made of several layers. The surface layer is soil and rock. Trees and plants grow in this
layer/layers below the surface are made of clay, limestone, sandstone, or other types of rock and soil. The
bottom layer is usually solid rock. In some coastal areas, the bottom layer is made up of soil and other
loose material called fill. Layers of the ground usually hold together well, but sometimes, the surface layer
becomes unstable. If unstable surface layer rests on a slope, gravity may pull it down and begin a landslide.
Many landslides happen during heavy rain. Water soaks the surface layer. The soil turns to mud. Mud
is heavier and more slippery than dry soil. On a steep slope, mud may flow downward to begin a mudslide.
All of the material carried down a slope during a landslide is called debris. Mud and rocks are the
main types of debris. Other landslide debris can include trees that have been torn out of the ground,
crushed buildings, and even cars. On steep slopes, debris can travel at speeds of more than 130 miles (210
kilometers) per hour. At these speeds, landslides can crush buildings and bury entire towns in seconds.
Taken from: Landslides, page 7‐12
Questions :
1. What does the text mainly tell about ?
________________________________
2. What is the purpose of the text ?
____________________________
3. What is landslide ?
_______________________________
4. What do you know about mudslide ? How does it happen ?
_______________________________________________
5. What are the effects of landslides?
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