NotesSSSP1013 Topik 11
NotesSSSP1013 Topik 11
Catatan
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SSSP1013 PENGANTAR SOSIOLOGI
Introduction to Sociology A202
DEFINISI
Perubahan Sosial (Social Change)
▪ transformasi yang berlaku ke atas budaya dan institusi sosial
dalam tempoh waktu tertentu
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SSSP1013 PENGANTAR SOSIOLOGI
Introduction to Sociology A202
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SSSP1013 PENGANTAR SOSIOLOGI
Introduction to Sociology A202
Macionis (2012:566)
Macionis (2012:567)
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SSSP1013 PENGANTAR SOSIOLOGI
Introduction to Sociology A202
Macionis (2012:566)
Dimensi Modenisasi
• Keruntuhan komuniti tradisional
– sistem tradisional berlaku
secara progresif mewujudkan
modeniti
• Perkembangan individualisasi –
individu menjadi bebas untuk
menentukan nasib & hala tuju
hidup
• Peningkatan diversiti sosial –
corak kepercayaan & pergaulan
sosial meningkat
• Transformasi konsep masa –
kepekaan terhadap kepentingan
masa & orientasi masa hadapan
meningkat
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SSSP1013 PENGANTAR SOSIOLOGI
Introduction to Sociology A202
Interpretasi Modenisasi
▪ Ferdinand Tonnies – keruntuhan komuniti (gemeinschaft) &
kemunculan asosiasi (gesselschaft)
▪ gemeinschaft - komuniti ‘diikat’ oleh nilai kekeluargaan; ketiadaan
teknologi merangsang corak hidup komuniti; “people were united in
spite of all separating factors” ~ Gemeinschaft ~
▪ gesselschaft – komuniti ‘ditunggang-terbalikkan’ oleh suasana Families that had lived
for generations in small villages and
anonimiti; ikatan emosi sementara menjadi popular; “people were towns were bound together in a
essentially separated in spite of uniting factors” hardworking, slow-moving way of
life... Living without television,
families entertained themselves,
often gathering with
friends in the evening to share
stories, sorrows, or song. Lacking
rapid transportation many people
knew little of the world beyond their
hometown.
~ Gesselschaft ~
Especially in large cities, most
people live among strangers and
ignore the people they pass on the
street. Trust is hard to come by in a
mobile and anonymous society
where people tend to put their
personal needs ahead of group
loyalty and an increasing majority
▪ Emile Durkheim – proses division of labor mewujudkan of adults believe “you can’t be too
careful” in dealing with people.
transformasi dari solidariti mekanikal kepada solidariti organik
(Macionis, 2012: 542-543)
▪ solidariti mekanikal – keutuhan berasaskan sentimen moral yang
dikongsi; masyarakat pra-industri menekankan persamaan &
kesatuan
▪ solidariti organik – keutuhan berasaskan ikatan dari pengkhususan;
sentimen ikatan muncul dari salingpergantungan fungsi
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SSSP1013 PENGANTAR SOSIOLOGI
Introduction to Sociology A202
Interpretasi Modenisasi
▪ Max Weber – rasionalisasi & transformasi corak
pemikiran
▪ modeniti mewujudkan corak pemikiran rasional;
perubahan nilai (mementingkan kecekapan) menyebabkan
manusia lebih ‘berkira’ dalam bertingkah laku “modern
society is ‘disenchanted’ by scientific thinking”
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SSSP1013 PENGANTAR SOSIOLOGI
Introduction to Sociology A202
RUMUSAN Catatan
RUJUKAN
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SSSP1013 PENGANTAR SOSIOLOGI
Introduction to Sociology A202
Catatan
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