I . Keadaan I
~ i k e t a h u iS a l u r a n I n d u k (SM00-SM01) :
i = 0.00020 k = 45.00
Dengan c a r a coba mencoba didapatkan h = 1 . 2 7 m
maka d a p a t d i b u a t t a b e l .
h = ketinggian a i r saluran, m
b = lebar dasar saluran, m
m = kemiringan t a l u d
F = l u a s basah s a l u r a n , m2
P = k e l i l i n g basah s a l u r a n , m
R = j a r i j a r i hidrolis, m
= F/P
v = kecepatan a i r , m / d t
Q = d e b i t hulu s a l u r a n induk
dQ H = p r o s e n t a s e d e b i t a i r pada s a l u r a n induk
misal : pada pertambahan t i n g g i a i r s e b e s a r 0.01 m
L a - m r l a = 29.751 m 3 / d t
b~ = Q/Q.,
= (30.153-29.751) /29.751 x 1001
= 1.35 %
D i k e t a h u i pada s a l u r a n P e l a y a r a n :
i = 0.00029 k = 42.50
Q = V x A V = k x R ~ x/ iO-'
~
F = h (b+h.m)
R = b + 2 (rn+l) O''. h
F = 1 . 0 7 x ( 8 . 0 0 + 1 . 2 7 ~ 1 ) = 9.67 mZ
V = 6.367/9.67
= 0 . 6 6 m/dt
~ i l perubahan
a permukaan i n i d i t i n j a u pada a l a t ukur:
a . Ambang Lebar (yang ada d i l a p a n g a n )
m/deta
d i c o b a cdxcv = 1 . 3 0
h, = 0 . 6 1 m
H, = 0 . 6 1 + 1.73'/(2x9.81) = 0.76 m
c, = 0 . 9 3 + 0.10 x 0 . 3 1 = 0 . 9 6
A* = 0.61x6.00 = 3.67 mZ
d a r i g r a f i k pada gambar 2 . 3 d i d a p a t c, = 1 . 0 3
d a r i g r a f i k pada garnbar 2 . 3 d i d a p a t c, = 1 . 0 3
h = k e t i n g g i a n a i r d i a t a s bagian p e n g o n t r o l
b = l e b a r a l a t ukur
s a l u r a n h u l u induk, dh = 0.01 m
induk
( d i a m b i l d a r i p e r h i t u n g a n hulu s a l u r a n induk)
l e h e r panjang u = 1.5.
K h u s u s Crurnp de G r u y t e r : S = AQ/Q
~ a r i p e r h i tungan tabel ini didapatkan ang ka kepe kaan
b) A l a t u k u r Romij n
d i c o b a c,xc,, = 1 . 3 0
Q = 6.367 = 1 . 3 0 ~ 2 / 3 ( 2 / 3 ~ 9 . 8 1 ) ~ ' ~ ~ 6 . 0 0 x h ,
h , = 0.61 m
H, = 0 . 6 1 + 1.732/(2x9.81) - 0.76 m
c, = 0 . 9 3 + 0.10 x 1 . 5 2 = 1.08
A* = 0.61x6.00 = 3.67 mZ
h, = 0.67 m
dan a k i b a t perubahan k e t i n g g i a n a i r :
Dari t a b e l d i a t a s u n t u k a l a t u k u r Romijn angka kepekaan
c. A l a t u k u r Flume Leher ~ a n j a n g
m/det2
h,= (6.367/(1.30~2/3(2/3~9.81)~~~~3.00)
d a r i g r a f i k pada gambar 2 . 3 d i d a p a t c
, = 1.02
d . A l a t Ukur ' P a r s h a l l
Dengan m e l i h a t t a b e l K a r a k e t e r i s t i k d e b i t untuk d e b i t
6 . 3 6 7 = 0.94~6.00~0.30(2~9.81(h,-0.30))~~~
d i d a p a t h, = 1 . 0 2 m
47
D i k e t a h u i S a l u r a n I n d u k (SM00-SM01) :
Q = 2 9 . 7 5 1 m3/dt b = 30.00 m m = 2
i = 0.00020 k = 45.00
Q = V x A V = k x R ~ x/ ~iO-5
F= h (b+h.m)
R = b + 2(m+1)0-S.h
Q/F= k . R
'/ x iO"
Q / ( h ( b + h . m ) ) = k . ( b + 2 (m+l)0.5.h)'l3 x iosS
Dengan c a r a c o b a mencoba d i d a p a t k a n h = 1 . 2 7 rn
V = 29.751/ ( 1 . 2 7 ( 3 0 + 1 . 2 7 x 2 ) )
= 0 . 7 2 m/dt
m3/dt s e h i n g g a p a d a s a l u r a n P e l a y a r a n :
Q = V x A V = k x Rai3 x iO"
F = h (b+h.m)
R = b + ~(rn+l)~.~.h
Q/F= k . ~'R x 1'"
Q / ( h ( b + h . m ) ) = k . (b+2(m+1)0.5.h)2'3x iO.'
(8.00i-2 (1+1)Oa5xh)2'3 x 0 . 0 0 0 2 9 ~ ' ~
3.078/ ( h ( 8 . 0 0 + h x l ) ) 1 4 2 . 5 ~
F = 0.69 x ( 8 . 0 0 + 0 . 6 9 ~ 1 )= 6.00 m2
V = 3.078/6.00
= 0 . 5 1 m/dt
m/de t2
d i c o b a c,xcv = 1 . 3 0
Q = 3.078 = 1 . 3 0 x 2 / 3 ( 2 / 3 ~ 9 . 8 1 )Oe5x6.OOxh1
h l = 0.38 m
A* = 0 . 3 8 x 6 . 0 0 = 2 . 2 6 m2
c,.A*/A, = 0.95x2.26/6.00 = 0.36
p e r h i t u n g a n d i u l a n g i dengan cdxcv = 0 . 9 8
h, = ( 3 . 0 7 8 / ( 0 . 9 9 x 2 / 3 ( 2 / 3 x 9 . 8 1 ) Os5x6.0 0 )
h,= 0.45 m
V = Q / F = 3 . 0 7 8 / ( 6 . 0 0 ~ 0 . 4 5 ) = 1 . 1 4 m/dta
H, = 0 . 4 5 + 1 . 1 4 a / ( 2 x 9 . 8 1 ) = 0 . 5 2 m
A* = 0 . 4 5 x 6 . 0 0 = 2 . 7 0 mz
b) A l a t u k u r ' ~ o m i j n \
h, = 0.38 m
V = Q / F = 3.078/(6.00x0.38) = 1 . 3 6 m/dt2
A* = 0.38x6.00 = 2.28 m2
cd.Af/A, = 1.02x2.28/6.00 = 0.39
p e r h i t u n g a n d i u l a n g i d e n g a n cdxcv = 1.06
h, = ( 3 . 0 7 8 / (1.06x2/3 ( 2 / 3 ~ 9 . 8 1 ) ~ * ~ x 6 . 0 0 )
h , = 0.43 m
V = Q/F = 3 . 0 7 8 / ( 6 . 0 0 ~ 0 . 4 3 ) = 1 . 1 9 m/dt2
H, = 0.43 + 1 . 1 9 2 / ( 2 x 9 . 8 1 ) = 0.50 m
A* = 0.43x6.00 = 3.82 m2
cd.Af/A, = 1.02x3.82/6.00 = 0.44
h, = ( 3 . 0 7 8 / ( 1 . 0 8 x 2 / 3 ( 2 / 3 x 9 . 8 1 ) 0 - s x 6 . ~ 0 )
h, = 0 . 4 4 m
V = Q/F = 3 . 0 7 8 / ( 6 . 0 0 x 0 . 4 3 ) = 1 . 1 9 m/dt2
H, = 0 . 4 4 + 1.19~/(2x9.81)= 0.51 m
Hl/L = 0 . 5 1 / 0 . 5 0 = 1 . 0 2
c, = 0 . 9 3 + 0 . 1 0 x 1 . 0 2 = 1 . 0 3
A* - 0 . 4 3 x 6 . 0 0 = 3 . 8 2 m2
c,.Af/A1 = 1 . 0 3 x 3 . 8 2 / 6 . 0 0 = 0 . 4 4
alat ukur ini tidak layak dipakai karena h/L > 1.0
(persyaratan : 0.1 < h/L <1.0).
dapat dihitung :
d i c o b a c,xc,, = 1.30
H, = 0 . 6 0 + 1 . 7 1 2 / ( 2 x 9 . 8 1 ) = 0.75 m
Hl/L = 0 . 7 5 / 4 . 5 = 0 . 1 7
A* = 0 . 6 0 x 3 . 0 0 = 1 . 8 0 mZ
Q = 3 . 0 7 8 = 0 . 9 7 x 2 / 3 ( 2 / 3 x 9 . 8 1 ) 0'sx3. OOxh,
h, = ( 3 . 0 7 8 / ( 0 . 9 7 x 2 / 3 ( 2 / 3 x 9 . 8 1 ) OSsx3.0 0 )
hl= 0.73 m
c,xcv - 0 . 9 5 x 1 . 0 3 = 0 . 9 8 f c, perkiraan a v a l ( = 0 . 9 7 )
h, = 0.72 m
A* = 0.72~3.00 = 2.17 m2
cd.Af/A1 = 0.95x2.17/6.00 = 0.34
d. A l a t Ukur P a r s h a l l
Q = 7 . 4 6 3 h,"60
3.078 = 7 . 4 6 3 x h t e 6 0
s e h i n g g a h, = 0 . 5 7 rn
Akibat perubahan k e t i n g g i a n a i r :
Kepekaan a l a t ukur P a r s h a l l pada keadaan I1 : 2 . 1 3 - 1.99
3 . 0 7 8 = 0.94~6.00~0.15
(2~9.81
(h,-0.30)) O w '
didapat h, = 0 . 8 4 m
~ k i b a tperubahan ketinggian a i r :
Q! h b Q 160.63h, d Q AU. dQ H K S
(m) (m) (m) (m"3) PA) PA) PA)
0.15 0.98 6.00 3.403 0.K 0 . 5 21.08 0.50 11.17
0.14 0.97 6.00 3.382 0.K 9.88 19.62 0.50 10.42
Kepekaan a l a t ukur Crump De Gruyter pada keadaan I1 :
0.50 - 0.61.
111. Keadaan I11
D i k e t a h u i S a l u r a n Induk (SM00-SM01) :
i = 0.00020 k = 45.00
Q = V x A V = k x R ~ x/ ~i0-5
F= h (b+h.m)
R = b + 2 (m+l)O'\ h
Q/F= k. R ~ x/ ~iO"
V = 33.040/(1.35(30+1.35~2))
= 0.75 m/dt
~ i l pada
a s a l u r a n induk t e r j a d i perubahan permukaan maka,
~ i k e t a h u ipada saluran Pelayaran :
i = 0.00029 . k = 42.50
Q - V x A V = k x IX2'' x iO*'
F = h (b+h.m)
R = b + 2 (m+l)O's. h
Q/(h(b+h.mIl x ioeS
= k. (b+2(rn+l)D'5.h)2/3
F = 1.07 x ( 8 . 0 0 + 1 . 2 7 ~ 1 ) = 9.67 mz
V = 6.367/9.67
= 0.66 m/dt
m/de t2
h, 5 0.61 m
V = Q / F = 6.367/(6.00x0.61) = 1 . 7 3 m/dt2
H, = 0.61 + 1 . 7 3 ~ / ( 2 x 9 . 8 1 ) = 0.76 m
H,/L = 0.76/2.5 = 0.31
cd a 0,.93 + 0.10 x 0.31 = 0.96
A* = 0.61x6.00 = 3.67 m2
cd.Ai/A, = 0.96x3.67/9.67 = 0.36
h, = 0.73 m
A* = 0.73x6.00 = 4.38 mz
1.72-1.66.
b) A l a t ukur Romijn
Q =. 6 . 3 6 7 m3/dt, b = 6 . 0 0 m L = 0 . 5 0 m dan g = 9 . 0 1
m/det2
dicoba c,xc, = 1 . 3 0
d a r i g r a f i k pada gambar 2 . 3 d i d a p a t c,, = 1.04
cdxcv = 1 . 0 8 x 1 . 0 4 = 1 . 1 3 # cd perkiraan a v a l (= 1 . 3 0 )
m/det2
dicoba cdxcv = 1 . 3 0
Q = 6 . 3 6 7 = 1 . 3 0 x 2 / 3 ( 2 / 3 x 9 . 8 1 ) O"x3. 00xh,
h, = ( 6 . 3 6 7 / ( 1 . 3 0 x 2 / 3 ( 2 / 3 x 9 . 8 1 ) 0'sx3.00)
h, = 0 . 9 7 m
V = Q/F = 6 . 3 6 7 / ( 6 . 0 0 x 0 . 9 7 ) = 2 . 1 8 m/dt2
H, = 0 . 6 1 + 2 . 1 8 ' / ( 2 x 9 . 8 1 ) = 1.21 m
H,/L = 1.21/4.5 = 0.27
c,.A*/A, = 0 . 9 6 x 2 . 9 1 / 9 . 6 7 = 0 . 2 9
Q = 6 . 3 6 7 = 0 . 9 8 x 2 / 3 ( 2 / 3 ~ 9 . 8 1OS5x3.
) OOxhl
h, = ( 6 . 3 6 7 / ( 0 . 9 9 x 2 / 3 ( 2 / 3 x 9 . 8 1 ) 0 ' 5 x 3 . 0 0 )
hl= 1.17 m
V - -Q/F 6.367/(3.00x1.17) 1.81 m/dt2
d . A l a t Ukur P a r s h a l l
6 . 3 6 7 = 7 . 4 6 3 hiB6' *
;,' \;
4 A\.\' *, ,;:
I .
didapat h, = 0 . 9 1 m &.+$y
A
6.367= 0.94~6.00~0.30
(2~9.81(h,-0.30) )'."
didapat h, = 1.02 m
b e r k i s a r a n t a r a : 0.50 - 0.60
lampiran.