SOAL NO 1

Hitung besar Gaya batang yang bekerja (Gambar 1) menggunakan :

a. Metode Cremona
b. Metode Ritter
c. Metode Keseimbangan Titik Buhul

2,0 t 3,2 t

4,0 t
6,4 t

2,0 t
3,2 t

38°

S
T
4,7 m 4,7 m 4,7 m 4,7 m

Skala 1:200

Penyelesaian :
b. Metode Ritter
P3 = 2,0 t P4 = 3,2 t

Y
c d

P2 = 4,0 t S2 S3 e P5 = 6,4 t
a X
b Z f
S1 V1 V2 g
P1 = 2,0 t S4 P6 = 3,2 t
V2 V3
V1
38° T1 T2 T3 T4
U V W
b c d
S a e f g
T
4,7 m 4,7 m 4,7 m 4,7 m

Skala 1:200
Menghitung Beban Vertikal Menghitung Beban Horizontal

P1V = P1 cos 38 = 2,0 cos 38 = 1,576 t P1H = P1 sin 38 = 2,0 sin 38 = 1,231 t
P2V = 4,0 cos 38 = 3,152 t P2H = 4,0 sin 38 = 2,463 t
P3V = 2,0 cos 38 = 1,576 t P3H = 2,0 sin 38 = 1,231 t
P4V = P6V= 3,2 cos 38 = 2,521 t P4H = P6H= 3,2 sin 38 = 1,970 t
P5V = 6,4 cos 38 = 5,043 t P5H = 6,4 sin 38 = 3,940 t

Menghitung Panjang Batang

h1 = tan 38 . 4,7 = 3,672 m

h2 = tan 38 . 9,4 = 7,344 m
h3 = tan 38 . 4,7 = 3,672 m

Menghitung Reaksi Tumpuan

RAV di hitung dengan mengambil ΣMB = 0

(RAV . 18,8) - (1,576 . 18,8) - (3,152 . 14,1) - (1,576 . 9,4) + (2,521 . 9,4) + (5,043 . 4,7) + (2,521 . 0) +
(1,231 . 0) + (2,463 . 3,672) + (1,231 . 7,344) + (1,970 . 7,344) + (3,940 . 3,672) + (1,970 . 0) = 0
(RAV . 18,8) - (29,629) - (44,443) - (14,815) + (23,703) + (23,703) + 0 + 0 + (9,043) + (9,043) +
(14,469) + (14,469) + 0 = 0

18.8.RAV = 5,542

-5,542
RAV = 18,8

RAV = 0,295 t ( ↓ )

RBV di hitung dengan mengambil ΣMA = 0

ΣMA = 0
(-RBV . 18,8) - (2,521 . 18,8) - ( 5,043. 14,1) - (2,521 . 9,4) + (1,576 . 9,4) + (3,152 . 4,7) + (1,576 . 0) -
(1,231 . 0) + (2,463 . 3,672) + (1,231 . 7,344) + (1,970 . 7,344) + (3,940 . 3,672) + (1,970 . 0) = 0
(-RBV . 18,8) - (47,407) - (71,110) - (23,703) + (14,815) + (14,815) + 0 + 0 + (9,044) + (14,469) + (9,043) +
(9,043) + 0 = 0

18,8 RBV = -65,568

RBV = -65,568
18,8

RBV = 3,488 t ( ↓ )

RAH di hitung dengan mengambil ΣKH = 0

ΣKH = 0
RAH + 1,231 + 2,463 + 1,231 + 1,970 + 3,940 + 1,970 = 0
RAH = 12,806 (←)

Checking
RAV + RBV = P1V + P2V + P3V - P4V - P5V - P6V
(0,295) + (3,488) = 1,576 + 3,152 + 1,576 - 2,521 - 5,043 - 2,521
3,782 = 3,782 (OK)
 Menghitung Gaya Batang

A) Mencari gaya batang S1 dan T1 pada pot. A-A'

a X Catatan
- Jika hasil negatif ( - ) , berarti tekan
- Jika hasil positis ( + ), berarti tarik
S1 h1
Mencari Gaya batang A1
P1H
P1V 38° T1
RAH ΣMC = 0
U -(RAV . 4,7) - (P1V . 4,7) + (S1 (sin 38 .4,7)) =0
RAV a -(O,295 . 4,7) - (2,049 . 4,7) + (S1 (sin 38 .4,7)) =0
(-1,387) - (9,630) + (S1 . 2,894) =0
4,7 m
-22,42 + (S1 . 2,894) =0
S1 = 22,42
2,894

Mencari Gaya batang T1 S1 = 7,747 t (Tarik)

ΣMF = 0
-Rav(5,7) + Rah(3,672) - P1h(3,672) - P1v(4,7) - T1(3,672) =0
-(0,295)(4,7) + (12,806)(3,672) - (1,231)(3,672) - (1,576)(4,7) - T1(3,672) =0
-1,386 + 47,024 - 4,520 - 7,407 - T1(3,672) =0
33,711 - T1(3,672) =0
T1 = 33,711
3,672

T1 = 9,180 t (Tarik)

B) Mencari gaya batang V1 dan T2 pada pot. B-B'

X
b
S1
h1
V1
P1H
P1V 38° T1 T2
RAH
U V
RAV b

4,7 m 4,7 m

Mencari Gaya Batang V1

ΣMa = 0
-Rav(0) - Rah(0) + P1h(0) - P1v(0) + S1(0) + V1(4,7) + T2(0) = 0
- 0 - 0 + 0 - 0 + 0 + V1(4,7) =0

V1 = 0 t
Mencari Gaya batang T2

ΣMF = 0
-Rav(4,7) + Rah(3,672) - P1h(3,672) - P1v(4,7) - B1(4,452) =0
-(0,295)(5,7) + (18,407)(4,452) - (1,600)(4,452) - (2,049)(5,7) - B1(4,452) =0
-1,111 + 81,948 - 7,123 - 11,679 - B1(4,452) =0
62,035 - B1(4,452) =0
T2 = 62,035
4,452

T2 = 13,934 t (Tarik)

C) Mencari gaya batang V1 dan V2 pada pot. C-C'

c Y

S2
P2V

X
P2H h2

V1
S1
V1
P1H
P1V 38° T1 T2
RAH
U V
RAV c
4,7 m 4,7 m

Mencari Gaya Batang S2

ΣMD = 0
-Rav(9,4) - P1v(9,4) + P2h(h1) - P2v(4,7) + S2 (sin 38 . 9,4) =0
-(0,295)(9,4) - (1,576)(9,4) + (2,463)(3,672) - (3,152)(4,7) + S2 (sin 38 . 9,4) =0
-2,773 - 14,814 + 9,044 - 14,814 + S2(5,787) =0
-23,357 + S2(5,787) =0
S2 = 23,357
5,787

S2 = 4,036 t (Tarik)

Mencari Gaya Batang V1

ΣMG = 0
-Rav(9,4) + Rah(7,344) - P1h(7,344) - P1v(9,4) - P2h(3,672) - P2v(4,7) + S2(0) - V1(sin 38)(7,344) - T2(7,344)
=0
-(0,295)(9,4) + (12,806)(7,344) - (1,231)(7,344) - (1,576)(9,4) - (2,463)(3,672) - (3,152)(4,7) + S2(0)
- V1(4,521) - (13,934)(7,344) = 0
-2,773 + 94,047 - 9,040 - 14,814 - 9,044 - 14,814 + 0 - V1(4,521) - 102,331 = 0
-58,769 - V1(4,521)

V1 = -58,769
4,521

V1 = -12,999 t (Tekan)
D) Mencari gaya batang V2 dan S3 pada pot. D-D'

S3 e
P5V
X H
h2
V2 P5H

V1
P6V

U T2 T P6H
V W
e
RBV

4,7 m 4,7 m

Mencari Gaya Batang S3

ΣMD = 0
Rbv(9,4) - P6v(9,4) + P6h(0) - P5v(4,7) + P5h(3,672) - S3(sin 38)(9,4) + V2(0) + V1(0) + T2(0) = 0
(3,488)(9,4) - (2,521)(9,4) + 0 - (5,043)(4,7) + (3,940)(3,672) - S3(5,787) + 0 + 0 + 0 = 0
32,787 - 23,697 + 0 - 23,702 + 14,468 - S3(5,787) + 0 + 0 + 0 = 0
-0,144 - S3(5,787)
S3 = -0,144
5,787

S3= -0,025 t (Tekan)

Mencari Gaya Batang V2

ΣMB = 0
Rbv(0) - P6v(0) - P6h(0) + P5v(4,7) + P5h(3,672) - S3(0) + V2(9,4) + V1(sin 38)(9,4) + T2(0) = 0
0 - 0 - 0 + (6,462)(4,7) + (5,048)(3,672) - 0 + V2(9,4) + (-12,999)(5,787) + 0 = 0
0 - 0 - 0 + 30,371 + 18,536 - 0 + V2(9,4) - 75,225 + 0 = 0
3,774 + V2(9,4) = 0
V2 = -3,774
9,4

V2 = -0,398 t (Tekan)
E) Mencari gaya batang V2 dan T3 pada pot. E-E'

S3 e
P5V

h2
Z P5H

V2 S4
V3 P6V

T3 T4 T P6H
V W
e
RBV

4,7 m 4,7 m

Mencari Gaya Batang T3

ΣMH = 0
Rbv(4,7) - P6v(4,7) - P6h(3,672) - P5v(0) + P5h(0) - S3(0) - V2(0) + T3(3,672) = 0
(3,488)(4,7) - (2,521)(4,7) - (1,970)(3,672) - 0 + 0 - 0 - 0 + T3(3,672) = 0
16,394 - 11,849 - 7,234 - 0 + 0 - 0 - 0 + T3(3,672) = 0
-2,689 + T3(3,672) = 0
2,689
T3 = 3,672

T3 = 0,732 t (Tarik)

Mencari Gaya Batang V2

ΣME = 0
Rbv(4,7) - P6v(4,7) + P6h(0) - P5v(0) + P5h(3,672) - S3(sin 38)(4,7) + T3(0) - V2(sin 38)(4,7) = 0
(3,488)(4,7) - (2,521)(4,7) + 0 - 0 + (3,940)(3,672) - (-0,025)(2,894) + 0 - V2(2,894) = 0
16,394 - 11,849 + 0 - 0 + 14,468 -0,072 + 0 - V2(2,894) = 0
- V2(2,894) = 0
V2 = 18,941
2,894

V2 = 8,545 t (Tarik)
F) Mencari gaya batang S4 dan V3 pada pot. F-F'

Z
f
S4
h1 V3 P6V

T3 T4 T P6H
V W
f

RBV
4,7 m 4,7 m

Mencari Gaya Batang S4

ΣME = 0
Rbv(4,7) - P6v(4,7) + P6h(0) - S4(sin 38)(4,7) + T3(0) - V3(0) = 0
(3,488)(4,7) - (2,521)(4,7) + 0 - S4(2,894) + 0 - 0 = 0
16,394 - 11,849 + 0 - S4(2,894) + 0 - 0 = 0
4,545 - S4(2,894) = 0
S4 = 4,545
2,894

S4 = 1,570 t (Tarik)

Mencari Gaya Batang V3

ΣMB = 0
Rbv(0) - P6v(0) - P6h(0) - S4(0) - T3(0) - V3(4,7) = 0
0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 V3(4,7) = 0
V3 = 0 (Tekan)
G) Mencari gaya batang T4 pada pot. G-G'

Z
g
S4
h1 P6V

T4 T P6H
W
g
RBV
4,7 m

Mencari Gaya Batang T4

ΣMH = 0
Rbv(4,7) - P6v(4,7) - P6h(3,672) + S4(0) + T4(3,672) = 0
(3,488)(4,7) - (2,521)(4,7) - (1,970)(3,672) + 0 + T4(3,672) = 0
16,394 - 11,849 - 7,234 + 0 + T4(3,672) = 0
-2,689 + T4(3,672) = 0
2,689
T4 = 3,672

T4 = 0,732 t (Tarik)

Gaya Batang
Batang
Tarik (+) Tekan (-)
S1 +7,747
S2 +4,036
S3 -0,025
S4 +1,570
T1 +9,180
T2 +9,180
T3 +0,732
T4 +0,738
V1 0
V2 -0,398
V3 0
V1 -12,999
V2 +8,545