TUGAS BESAR

PERENCANAAN BANGUNAN PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH

(TLI-62120)

OLEH:
KELOMPOK IV C

1. WAHYUDI SAPUTRA (2110941003)

2. ARYA ALVINDITO RAMADHAN (2110942007)
3. AZZAHRA DALVI (2110942010)
4. RINDIANI SANUR (2110943016)

DOSEN :
Dr. Ir. PUTI SRI KOMALA, MT
Dr. Ir. ANSIHA NUR,S.T.,M.T

DEPARTEMEN TEKNIK LINGKUNGAN

FAKULTAS TEKNIK-UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS
PADANG
2024
 DAFTAR ISI

KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................................

DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................................
DAFTAR GAMBAR .........................................................................................................
DAFTAR TABEL .............................................................................................................
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ..................................................................................................
1.1 Latar Belakang ........................................................................................................................
1.2 Maksud dan Tujuan ................................................................................................................
1.3 Ruang Lingkup ........................................................................................................................
1.4 Sistematika Penulisan.............................................................................................................
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.1 Umum .................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2 Sumber Air Limbah ............................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3 Karakteristik Air Limbah ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.1 Karakteristik Fisik Air Limbah .............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.2Karakteristik Kimia Air Limbah ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.3 Karakteristik Biologi Air Limbah .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.4 Karakteristik Limbah Tinja .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.5 Dampak Air Limbah ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4 Peraturan Terkait Untuk Limbah Cair Domestik ........... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5 Pengolahan Air Limbah ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5.1 Berdasarkan Tingkat Pengolahan .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5.2 Berdasarkan Karakteristik ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5.3 Unit Pengolahan Preliminary .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5.4 Primary Treatment .......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5.5 Secondary Treatment............................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5.6 Pengolahan Lumpur................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5.7 Land Treatment ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5.8 IPLT ........................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5.9 IPAL .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.6 Reklamasi, Reuse Air Limbah dan Solid keberlanjutan .............. Error! Bookmark not
defined.
2.7 Hidrolika Saluran ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.8 Pompa ....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
BAB III GAMBARAN UMUM WILAYAH STUDI .....................................................
3.1 Umum............................................................................................................................
3.2 Topografi, Hidrologi dan Geologi ................................................................................
3.3 Data Perencanaan...............................................................................................................
3.3.1 Data Kependudukan ..................................................................................................
3.3.1.1 Jumlah Penduduk .........................................................................................
3.3.1.2 Kepadatan Penduduk ...................................................................................
3.3.1.3 Data Fasilitas Perkotaan ..............................................................................
3.3.2 Data Perencanaan ......................................................................................................
3.3.2.1 Data Karakteristik Air Limbah yang Masuk Ke IPAL ...........................
3.3.2.2 Fluktuasi Aliran, Konsentrasi BOD dan TSS ..........................................
BAB IV RANCANGAN UMUM PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH ..............................
4.1 Perioda Desain ..............................................................................................................
4.2 Proyeksi Penduduk ........................................................................................................
4.2.1 Jumlah Penduduk .........................................................................................................
4.2.1.1 Metode Proyeksi Aritmatika .........................................................................
4.2.1.2 Metode Proyeksi Geometri ...........................................................................
4.2.1.3 Metode Proyeksi Logaritma .........................................................................
4.2.1.4 Metode Proyeksi Eksponensial .....................................................................
4.2.1.5 Perbandingan Proyeksi Penduduk Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai ............
4.2.2 Ekivalensi Penduduk ..........................................................................................
4.2.2.1 Fasilitas Perkotaan .........................................................................................
4.2.2.2 Ekivalensi Penduduk .............................................................................
4.3 Tingkat Pelayanan .........................................................................................................
4.4 Debit Air Limbah Tahap I, II dan III ....................................................................................
4.4.1 Debit Air Limbah Menuju IPAL ...............................................................................
4.4.2 Debit Air Limbah Menuju IPLT ...............................................................................
4.4.3 Debit Daerah Tidak Terlayani............................................................................
4.5 Fluktuasi Air Limbah .............................................................................................................
4.6 Karakteristik Air Limbah ..............................................................................................
4.7 Alternatif Sistem Pengolahan Air Limbah dan Lumpur Tinja ..........................................
4.7.1 Alternatif Sistem Pengolahan Air Limbah ...............................................................
4.7.2 Alternatif Sistem Pengolahan Lumpur Tinja ...........................................................
4.7.3 Bangunan Pelengkap ...................................................................................................
4.7.4 Reklamasi dan Reuse Air Limbah dan Solid ...........................................................
4.8 Sistem Pengolahan Air Limbah Terpilih .............................................................................
 4.8.1 Sistem Pengolahan Air Limbah IPAL ......................................................................
4.8.2 Sistem Pengolahan Air Limbah IPLT .......................................................................
BAB V DETAIL DESAIN ...............................................................................................
5.1 Skenario Desain ......................................................................................................................
5.2 Layout BPAB ..........................................................................................................................
5.2.1 Layout IPAL .................................................................................................................
5.2.2 Layout IPLT .................................................................................................................
5.3 Unit Pengolahan Air Limbah ................................................................................................
5.3.1 Unit Pengolahan Pendahuluan ...................................................................................
5.3.1.1 Unit Pengolahan Pendahuluan IPAL ...........................................................
5.3.1.1.1 Saluran Pembawa ...........................................................................
5.3.1.1.2 Fine screen ......................................................................................
5.3.1.1.3 Grit Chamber ..................................................................................
5.3.1.1.4 Grease Trap ....................................................................................
5.3.1.1.5 Tangki Aliran Rata-rata (TAR) ....................................................
5.3.1.2 Unit Pengolahan Pendahuluan IPLT ...........................................................
5.3.1.2.1 Bak Pengumpul (Bak Ekualisasi).................................................
5.3.1.2.2. Fine screen .....................................................................................
5.3.1.2.3 Grit Chamber ..................................................................................
5.3.2 Unit Pengolahan Primer (Primary Treatment) ........................................................
5.3.2.1 Unit Pengolahan Primer IPAL ......................................................................
5.3.2.1.1. Bak Sedimentasi I .........................................................................
5.3.2.2 Unit Pengolahan Primer IPLT ......................................................................
5.3.2.2.1 Tangki Imhoff..................................................................................
5.3.2.2.2 Kolam Anaerobik I ........................................................................
5.3.3 Unit Pengolahan Sekunder (Secondary Treatment) ................................................
5.3.3.1 Unit Pengolahan Sekunder IPAL .................................................................
5.3.3.1.1 Activated Sludge .............................................................................
5.3.3.1.2 Sedimentasi II .................................................................................
5.3.3.2 Unit Pengolahan Sekunder IPLT..................................................................
5.3.3.2.1. Kolam Anaerobik II ......................................................................
5.3.3.2.2 Kolam Fakultatif.............................................................................
5.3.3.2.3 Kolam Maturasi ..............................................................................
5.3.4 Unit Pengolahan Tersier (Terthiery Treatment) ......................................................
5.3.4.1 Unit Pengolahan Tersier IPAL .....................................................................
5.3.4.1.1 Tangki Injeksi Larutan Chlor .......................................................
 5.3.4.2 Unit Pengolahan Tersier IPLT ......................................................................
5.3.4.2.1 Tangki Injeksi Larutan Chlor .......................................................
5.3.5 Mass Balance IPAL dan IPLT ................................................................................
5.3.5.1 Mass Balance IPAL .....................................................................................
5.3.5.1.1 Mass Balance Polutan ...................................................................
5.3.5.1.2 Mass Balance Solid ......................................................................
5.3.5.2 Mass Balance IPLT........................................................................................
5.3.6 Kebutuan Luas IPAL dan IPLT .................................................................................
5.3.6.1 Kebutuhan Luas IPAL ...................................................................................
5.3.6.2 Kebutuhan Luas IPLT ...................................................................................
5.3.7 Perhitungan Profil Hidrolis.........................................................................................
5.3.7.1 Perhitungan Profil Hidrolis IPAL ...............................................................
5.3.7.2 Perhitungan Profil Hidrolis IPLT .................................................................
DAFTAR PUSAKA ...........................................................................................................