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SURVEI, INVESTIGASI DAN DESAIN MASTERPLAN

SISTEM DRAINASE MIKRO DAERAH ALIRAN
SUNGAI (DAS) KALI BORO KECAMATAN JEBRES
KOTA SURAKARTA

TUGAS AKHIR

Disusun sebagai Syarat Memperoleh Gelar Ahli Madya Teknik (A.Md.T.)

pada Program Studi Diploma III Teknik Sipil
Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

Disusun Oleh :
SHIFA FAUZIA QUTHRUNNADA
NIM. I8719025

PROGRAM STUDI DIPLOMA III TEKNIK SIPIL

SEKOLAH VOKASI
UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET
SURAKARTA
2022
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ...................................................................................... i
HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN ...................................................................... ii
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ........................................................................ iii
MOTTO .......................................................................................................... iv
PERSEMBAHAN........................................................................................... v
ABSTRAK ...................................................................................................... vi
KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................... xv
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... xvii
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN .............................................................................. 1
1.1 Latar Belakang ...................................................................................... 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................. 4
1.3 Batasan Masalah .................................................................................... 4
1.4 Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................... 4
1.5 Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................................. 5
BAB 2 LANDASAN TEORI DAN TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ...................... 6
2.1 LandasanTeori ....................................................................................... 6
2.1.1 Sistem Drainase ........................................................................... 6
2.1.1.1 Drainase Berwawasan Lingkungan ................................... 8
2.1.1.2 Perencanaan Saluran Drainase .......................................... 8
2.2 Tinjauan Pustaka ................................................................................... 9
2.2.1 Master Plan atau Rencana Induk Drainase .................................. 9
2.2.1.1 Penyusunan Masterplan atau Rencana Induk Drainase..... 10
2.2.1.2 Data dan Informasi yan Diperlukan dalam Penyusunan
Masterplan atau Rencana Induk .................................................... 11
2.2.1.3 Tahapan Penyusunan Masterplan atau Rencana Induk ..... 12
2.2.1.4 Kriteria Pemilihan Wilayah Target ................................... 13
2.2.2 Analisa Hidrologi ........................................................................ 17
2.2.2.1 Debit Hujan ....................................................................... 17
2.2.2.2 Periode Ulang dan Analisis Frekuensi .............................. 18

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2.2.2.2.1 Distribusi Normal ...................................................... 19

2.2.2.2.2 Distribusi Log Normal ............................................... 20
2.2.2.2.3 Distribusi Log-Person III ........................................... 20
2.2.2.2.4 DistribusiGumbel ...................................................... 22
2.2.2.3 Uji Kesesuaian Distribusi Frekuensi ................................. 25
2.2.2.3.1 Uji Chi-Kuadrat ......................................................... 25
2.2.2.3.2 Uji Smirnov-Kolmogorov ......................................... 25
2.2.2.4 Intensitas Hujan ................................................................. 26
2.2.2.5 Analisis Limpasan Metode Rasional ................................. 27
2.2.2.6 Koefisien Pengaliran (C) ................................................... 28
2.2.3 Analisa Hidrolika ...................................................................... 30
2.2.3.1 Perencanaan Dimensi Saluran ........................................... 31
2.2.3.1.1 Penampang Berbentuk Persegi .................................. 31
2.2.3.1.2 Penampang Berbentuk Trapesium ............................. 32
BAB 3 METODE PENELITIAN .................................................................. 34
3.1 Umum ................................................................................................. 34
3.2 Metode Penelitian ............................................................................... 34
3.3 Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian .............................................................. 34
3.4 Langkah Penelitian .............................................................................. 35
3.4.1 Pengamatan Kawasan Penelitian .............................................. 35
3.4.2 Pengumpulan Data .................................................................... 36
3.4.3 Analisis Data ............................................................................. 36
3.4.3.1 Analisis Hidrologi ............................................................. 36
3.4.3.2 Analisis Hidrolika ............................................................. 36
3.4.4 Penyusunan Master Plan atau Rencana Induk .......................... 36
3.5 Diagram Alir ....................................................................................... 37
BAB 4 GAMBARAN UMUM DAN IDENTIFIKASI SISTEM DRAINASE
MIKRO DAS KALI BORO .......................................................................... 39
4.1 Gambaran Umum DAS Kali Boro ...................................................... 39
4.1.1 Letak Geografis dan Topografi ................................................. 39
4.1.2 Tata Guna Lahan ....................................................................... 41
4.1.3 Data Hujan ................................................................................ 42

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4.2 Identifikasi Sistem Drainase Mikro DAS Kali Boro ........................ 43

4.2.1 Kondisi Eksisting Sistem Drainase DAS Kali Boro ................. 43
4.2.1.1 Kondisi Saluran yang Ada................................................. 43
4.2.1.2 Inventarisasi Bangunan .................................................... 47
4.2.2 Banjir/Genangan ....................................................................... 55
BAB 5 ANALISIS DAN PERHITUNGAN HIDROLOGI DAN HIDROLIKA
DAS KALI BORO .......................................................................................... 58
5.1 Analisa Hidrologi.............................................................................. 58
5.1.1 Analisis Data Hujan .................................................................. 58
5.1.2 Analisis Frekuensi Curah Hujan ............................................... 59
5.1.2.1 Distribusi Log Person III ................................................... 61
5.1.2.2 Distribusi Gumbel ............................................................. 62
5.1.3 Uji Kesesuaian Distribusi Frekuensi ......................................... 64
5.1.3.1 Uji Sebaran Metode Chi-Kuadrat ...................................... 64
5.1.3.1.1 Uji Chi-Kuadrat Log-Person III ................................ 65
5.1.3.1.2 Uji Chi-Kuadrat Gumbel ........................................... 66
5.1.3.2 Uji Smirnov – Kolmogorov .............................................. 66
5.1.3.2.1 Uji Smirnov – Kolmogorov Log-Person III .............. 67
5.1.3.2.2 Uji Smirnov – Kolmogorov Gumbel ......................... 67
5.1.4 Analisis Intensitas Curah Hujan................................................ 68
5.1.5 Analisis Limpasan Metode Rasional ........................................ 71
5.2 Analis Hidrolika................................................................................ 74
5.2.1 Bentuk Penampang ................................................................... 74
5.2.3 Evaluasi Debit Banjir Terhadap Debit Saluran Eksisting ......... 75
BAB 6 MASTER PLAN DRAINASE ............................................................ 82
6.1 Sistem Master Plan Drainase DAS Kali Boro .................................. 82
6.2 Sistem Drainase Primer DAS Kali Boro .......................................... 82
6.2.1 Geometri Sungai ....................................................................... 83
6.2.2 Alur DAS Kali Boro ................................................................. 83
6.2.3. Sketsa Kondisi DAS Kali Boro................................................ 84
6.2.3.1 Sketsa Diagram DAS Kali Boro........................................ 84

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6.2.4 Parameter Aliran Sungai ........................................................... 88

6.2.5 Kondisi DAS Kali Boro ............................................................ 88
6.3 Skenario Master Plan ........................................................................ 88
6.3.1 Kegiatan Pengamanan dan Pencegahan .................................... 89
6.3.2 Kegiatan Pemeliharaan Jaringan Drainase................................ 89
6.3.2.1 Pemeliharaan Rutin (Routine Maintenance) ..................... 89
6.3.2.1.1 Drainase Saluran Terbuka ......................................... 90
6.3.2.1.2 Drainase Saluran Tertutup, box culvert,
gorong gorong .......................................................................... 91
6.3.2.2 Pemeliharaan Berkala (Periodic Maintanance) ................ 91
6.3.2.2.1 Drainase Saluran Terbuka ......................................... 91
6.3.2.2.2 Drainase Saluran Tertutup, box culvert,
gorong gorong .......................................................................... 94
6.3.2.3 Rehabilitasi (Urgent Maintanance) ................................... 94
6.3.2.3.1 Rehabilitasi Darurat ................................................... 94
6.3.2.3.2 Rehabilitasi Permanen ............................................... 94
6.3.3 Peningkatan ............................................................................... 95
6.3.4 Pembangunan Baru ................................................................... 95
6.3.5 Penanganan Sistem Drainase .................................................... 95
6.3.5.1 Metode Sumur Resapan .................................................... 96
6.3.5.1.1 Kegunaan Sumur Resapan ......................................... 97
6.3.5.1.2 Prinsip Kerja Sumur Resapan .................................... 98
6.3.5.2 Konsep Penanganan Sampah ............................................ 98
6.3.5.2.1 Metode 3R (Reduce, Reuse dan Recycle) .................. 99
6.3.5.2.2 Pemasangan Jaring pada Saluran............................... 99
6.3.6 Penentuan Prioritas Wilayah Penanganan ................................ 100
BAB 7 DED (DETAILED ENGINEERING DESIGN) ................................ 105
7.1 Perencanaan Dimensi Saluran .......................................................... 105
7.2 Rencana Anggaran Biaya ................................................................. 108
7.2.1 Hitungan Volume Pekerjaan ..................................................... 108
7.2.1.1 Pekerjaan Persiapan........................................................... 108
7.2.1.2 Pekerjaan Tanah ................................................................ 108

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7.2.1.3 Pekerjaan Beton................................................................. 109

7.2.1.4 Pekerjaan Lainnya ............................................................. 109
7.2.1.5 Pekerjaan Finishing ........................................................... 109
7.2.2 Rincian Anggaran Biaya ........................................................... 109
BAB 8 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .......................................................... 113
8.1 Kesimpulan ....................................................................................... 113
8.2 Saran ................................................................................................. 114
PENUTUP ....................................................................................................... 115
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..................................................................................... 116
LAMPIRAN .................................................................................................... LA
LAMPIRAN 1 ALBUM MASTER PLAN ...................................................... LA1
LAMPIRAN 2 HSB, HSU DAN RAB ............................................................ LA2
LAMPIRAN 3 LEMBAR KOMUNIKASI ..................................................... LA3

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