d
f ( g ( x)) f ' ( g ( x)) g ' ( x)
dx
Jika kedua ruas diintegralkan, maka
diperoleh
d
dx
f ( g ( x)) dx f ' ( g ( x)) g ' ( x)dx
f ' (u )du f (u ) C
1. Mulai dengan fungsi yang diintegralkan
2. Kita misalkan u = g(x)
3. Hitung du
4. Substitusi u dan du
5. Integralkan
6. Ganti u dengan g(x)
Hitunglah sin( 3x 5)dx
Jawab
Misalkan u = 3x + 5 , maka du = 3 dx , dx =
1/3 du
Substitusi ke fungsi di atas diperoleh
sin( 3x 5)dx sin udu cos u C cos(3x 5) C
Hitunglah
3 x 2 5
9 xe dx
Jawab
Misalkan u = -3x2 + 5 , maka du = -6x dx
atau
x dx = -1/6 du
9 u 9 u 9 3 x 5
9xe dx e du e C e C
3 x 2 5 2
6 6 6
Hitunglah
tan xdx
Jawab
sin x
tan xdx
cos x
dx
Misalkan u = cos x , maka du = -sin x dx
atau
sin x dx = -du.
Sehingga
sin x du
tan xdx
cos x
dx
u
ln u C ln cos x C ln sec x C
Exercise
Bentuk integral f ( x) g ( x)dx dapat
udv uv vdu
Hitunglah (3 5 x) cos( 4 x)dx
Jawab
Misalkan u = 3 – 5x , du = -5 dx.
dv = cos 4x , v = ¼ sin 4x dx
Maka
(3 5 x ) cos( 4 x ) dx (3 5 x )( 1
4 sin( 4 x ) 4 sin( 4 x)(5dx)
1
Hitunglah a
5) ln( x)dx
3
( x
cos( x)dx
2x
b e
c
cos(4 x)dx
2
x
Exercise
Link to James Stewart
The method of Partial Fractions provides a
way to integrate all rational functions.
Recall that a rational function is a function
of the form P( x)
Q( x)dx
where P and Q are polynomials.
1. The technique requires that the degree of
the numerator (pembilang) be less than the
degree of the denominator (penyebut)
If this is not the case then we first must
divide the numerator into the denominator.
2. We factor the denominator Q into powers
of distinct linear terms and powers of
distinct quadratic polynomials which do not
have real roots.
3. If r is a real root of order k of Q, then the
partial fraction expansion of P/Q contains a
term of the form
A1 A2 Ak
(x r) (x r) 2
( x r )k
where A1, A2, ..., Ak are unknown constants.
4. If Q has a quadratic factor ax2 + bx + c which
corresponds to a complex root of order k,
then the partial fraction expansion of P/Q
contains a term of the form
B1 x C1 B2 x C2 Bk x Ck
ax 2 bx c (ax 2 bx c) 2 (ax 2 bx c) k
A1 A1
n 1
dx ( x r ) for n > 1
( x r)n n 1
10. Integrate quadratic factors:
Some simple formulas:
Bx C B C x
dx ln( x a ) arctan
2 2
x a
2 2
2 A a
Bx C Cx a 2 B C x
(x a )
2 2 2
dx 2 2 3 arctan
2a ( x a ) 2a
2
a
Hitunglah x3 6 x 2 1
x 4 x 21
2
dx
Jawab
Link Ex1-Int.Fractional
Exercise
Link to Drii – Int.Fractional
Link to Strategi Pengintegralan
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Link to Tabel Rumus Umum integral