DALAM EKONOMI
BIAYA MARJINAL
MC = C’ = dC/dQ
Contoh kasus :
C = Q3 - 3Q2 + 4Q + 4.
MC = C’ = 3Q2 - 6Q + 4
Jika MC = 0
C’’ = 6Q – 6
0 = 6Q – 6
Q=1
Setelah mendapat Q = 1
maka MC = (1)3-3(1)2+4(1)+4 = 6
Kurva MC
C,MC C
MC
4
1
PENERIMAAN MARJINAL (MR)
MR = R’ = dR/dQ
Contoh :
P = 16 - 2Q
Total Revenue : R = P.Q = f(Q) = 16Q - 2Q2
Umum diyakini
MR =½ P
MR = R’ = 16-4Q
Pada MR = 0 (0 = 16 – 4Q) Q=4
jadi P = 16 - 2(4) = 32
P
16
MR
0 Q
UTILITAS MARJINAL & PRODUK MARJINAL
MU = U’ = dU/dQ
Contoh :
U = f(Q) = 90Q - 5Q2
MU = P’ = dP/dQ = 90 - 10Q
Contoh :
Produksi total : P = f(x) = 9x2 - X3
MP = P’ = dP/dQ = 18x - 3X2
Grafik Utility dan marginal utility
MU
ANALISIS KEUNTUNGAN MAKSIMUM
Karena л = R-C,
maka л= MR-MC
ANALISIS KEUNTUNGAN MAKSIMUM
Kasus :
R = 1000Q - 2Q2 ,
C= Q3 – 59Q2+1315Q + 2000
Syarat dΠ/dQ= 0
Jadi dЛ/dQ = -3Q2 + 114Q - 315 = 0
Q2–38Q+105 =0
(Q-35) (Q-3) =0
Q1 = 35 dan Q2 =3
Constrain (Syarat yang Mencukupi)
Лmaks = 13925
Q = 35
P = 930
Q R C Л
0 0 2000 -2000
10 9800 10250 -450
11 10589 10589 0
15 14550 11825 2725
20 19200 12700 6500
25 23750 13625 10125
30 28200 15350 12850
35 32550 18625 13925
40 36800 24200 12600
45 40950 32825 8125
Tabel QRCЛ
Q R C Л
0 0 2000 -2000
10 9800 10250 -450
11 10589 10589 0
15 14550 11825 2725
20 19200 12700 6500
25 23750 13625 10125
30 28200 15350 12850
35 32550 18625 13925
40 36800 24200 12600
45 40950 32825 8125
CPVA C
RCPЛ
35
R
30
25
20
15
10
5
Л
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Q
Turunan Fungsi Kebalikan (invers)
Y = f (x)
x = g (y) merupakan fungsi kebalikan ( x = f-1(y))
Contoh :
Y = x3 + x = dx/dy = 1/(3x2 + 1)
TUGAS
R = 15000Q - 2Q2 ,
C = Q3 – 59Q2 +1315Q + 5000
Diminta
1. Laba maksimal.
2. Buktikan costrain terpenuhi
3. Revenue
4. Cost
5. Tabel Revenue. Cost, Laba.
6. Grafik Revenue. Cost, Laba.
TERIMA KASIH