Hukum

dan Islam
MATA KULIAH :
PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM
 Kelompok 5
1.Adelia Putri Effendi (4192441005)
2.Ika Nurhalifah (4191141015)
3.Masitah (4192441004)
4.Namira Zahara (4193341018)
5.Rizky Arsya Putri Harahap (4191141006)
6.Siti Nurhaliza (4193341021)
7.Soraya Alya Br. Bangun (4191141014)
8.Wenny Harahap (4191141008)
 Menumbuhkan
Kesadaran Hukum untuk
Mentaati Hukum Allah
 Hukum Takhyiri
Hukum takhyiri adalah suatu ketentuan-ketentuan Tuhan yang memberi peluang bagi
mukhallaf untuk memilih antara mengerjakan atau meninggalkan (Mubah). Asy-
Syaukani
mengatakan bahwa dalam hal ini melakukan perbuatan tersebut tidak memperoleh
jaminan
pahala dan tidak terancam dosa. Ketentuam mubah biasanya ada 3 bentuk yaitu :
1. Menafikan dosa pada perbuatan yang dimaksud. Seperti yang dijelaskan pada ayat
173 surah albaqarah.
2. Adanya ungkapan penghalalan seperti yang dijelaskan pada ayat 5 surah al-maidah.
3. Tidak ada pernyataan apa pun tentang perbuatan yang dimaksud.
 Hukum Wadhi’
Hukum wadhi, sebagaimana yang dijelaskan asy-Syaukani, adalahketentuan-ketentuan yang
ditetapkan syari untuk menentukan ada atautidak adanya hukum taklifi. Yakni, ketentuan-
ketentuan yang dituntut syari' untuk ditaati karena, ia mempengaruhi terwujudnya perbuatan-
perbuatan taklifi yang terikat langsung dengan ketentuan-ketentuan wadhi'
tersebut.Berdasarkan hasil penelaahannya, Abu Zahrah sebagaimana asy-Syaukani berpendirian
bahwa hukum wadhi' itu hanya ada tiga, yaitusabab, syarath dan mani.
 1. Sabab
Sabab, sebagaimana diungkapkan para ulama fikih, adalah sesuatuyang tampak dan jelas yang
dijadikan oleh Syari' sebagai penentu adanyahukum. Seperti masuknya waktu shalat yang
menjadi sebab adanyakewajiban shalat tersebut. Secara umum, sabab terbagi dua, yaitu
sababyang timbul bukan dari perbuatan mukallaf, seperti takut terperosokpada perbuatan
zina serta mampu untuk menikah yang menjadi sebabwajibnya nikah. Kemudian, keadaan
dharurah yang menjadi sebab bolehnya memakan bangkai binatang. Kedua, sebab yang
timbul dari perbuatan mukallaf sendiri, seperti melakukan perjalanan jauh yang melelahkan
yang menjadi sebab bolehnya tidak berpuasa pada bulan Ramadhan,atau melakukan akad
nikah yang menjadi sebab bolehnya melakukan hubungan seksual.
 2. Syarath
Dimaksud dengan syarath adalah sesuatu itu terwujud atau tidak tergantung
kepadanya. Kalau syarath tidak terpenuhi, maka perbuatan taklifi-nya tidak diterima
secara hukum. Berbeda dengan sabab, di sini setiap ada syarath pasti ada hukum,
sah atau tidak. Syarath ada dua macam, yaitu syarath yang menyempurnakan sebab,
seperti haul (genap setahun) yang merupakan persyaratan wajibnya
zakat, sekaligus juga menjadi penyempurna terhadap nishab (ukuran jumlah harta
untuk dizakati). Kedua, syaratn yang menyempurnakanmusabbab, seperti wuduk,
menutup aurat, dan mernghadap qiblat dalam shalat yang merupakan syarat sah
nya shalat.
 3. Mani’
Mani' merupakan suatu keadaan atau perbuatan hukum yang dapatmenghalangi perbuatan hukum
lain. Adanya mani' membuat ketentuanlain menjadi tidak dapat dijalankan. Dengan demikian,
mani’ itu tidak lebih dari sebab yang dapat menghalangi pelaksanaan ketentuan-ketentuan hukum
atau sebab yang bertentangan dengan sebab lain yang mendukung terlaksananya suatu perbuatan
hukum atau sebab yang bertentangan dengan sebab lain yang mendukung terlaksananya suatu
perbuatan hukum. Misalnya, kurangnya jumlah nishab menjadi penghalang wajibnyazakat. Hutang
merupakan mani' sekaligus menjadi sebab yang merintangi pelaksanaan pembayaran
zakat.Sebagaimana syarath, mani terbagi dua, yaitu mani' yang mempengaruhi sebab dan mani'
yang mempengaruhi musabbab.
Whoa!
This could be the part of the presentation
where you can introduce yourself, write your
email…
 Introduction
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the
smallest one in the Solar System—it’s only a bit larger
than the Moon. The planet’s name has nothing to do
with the liquid metal, since it was named after the
Roman messenger god
 “This is a quote, words full of
wisdom that someone important
said and can make the reader get
inspired.”
—Someone Famous
A picture is worth a
thousand words
The slide title goes here!

Do you know what helps you make your point clear?

Lists like this one:

● They’re simple
● You can organize your ideas clearly
● You’ll never forget to buy milk!

And the most important thing: the audience won’t miss the
point of your presentation
 You could divide the
content

Mercury Venus
It’s the closest planet to the Sun Venus has a beautiful name and
and the smallest in the Solar is the second planet from the
System Sun
 Maybe you need three
columns

Mercury Venus Mars

It’s the closest planet to the Venus has a beautiful name Despite being red, Mars is
Sun and the smallest in the and is the second planet actually a cold place. It’s
Solar System from the Sun full of iron oxide dust
 A picture always
reinforces the concept
Images reveal large amounts of data,
so remember: use an image instead of
a long text. Your audience will
appreciate that
Awesome
Words
 This is a graph
Jupiter
Jupiter is the biggest
planet of them all

Saturn
Saturn is a gas giant and
has several rings

Venus
To modify this graph, click on it, follow the link, change the data
Venus is the second
and paste the resulting graph here, replacing this one planet from the Sun
 Reviewing concepts is a good idea

Mars Venus Mercury

Mars is actually a cold Venus is the second It’s the closest planet to
place planet from the Sun the Sun

Jupiter Saturn Neptune

It’s the biggest planet in Saturn is a gas giant and It’s the farthest planet
the Solar System has rings from the Sun
 This is an infographic

Mars
Mars is actually a cold place
Saturn
It’s a gas giant and has rings
Venus
It’s the second planet
Jupiter
It’s the biggest planet
 This is a table

Task 1 Task 2 Task 3

01 Mars is actually a cold

place
Venus is the second
planet from the Sun
Jupiter is the biggest
planet

02 It’s the closest planet

to the Sun
Saturn is a gas giant
and has rings
Neptune is the farthest
planet
 This is a map
Jupiter
Jupiter is the biggest
planet of them all

Saturn
Saturn is a gas giant and
has several rings

Venus
Venus is the second
planet from the Sun
 This is a timeline
Mars is actually a Neptune is the Venus has a
cold place farthest planet beautiful name
Mars Neptune Venus

Jupiter Saturn
Jupiter is the It’s a gas giant and
biggest planet has rings
150,000,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
33,000.00
earths is the Sun’s mass

24h 37m 23s

is Jupiter’s rotation period

386,000 km
between Earth and the Moon
Desktop software
You can replace the image on the screen
with your own work. Right-click on it and
then choose "Replace image" so you can
add yours
 Tablet app
You can replace the image on the screen
with your own work. Right-click on it and
then choose "Replace image" so you can
add yours
 Mobile web
You can replace the image on the screen
with your own work. Right-click on it and
then choose "Replace image" so you can
add yours
You could need four columns

Jupiter Neptune
It’s the biggest planet in It’s the farthest planet
the Solar System from the Sun

Saturn Venus
Saturn is a gas giant and Venus is the second
has rings planet from the Sun
 You can use some percentages

23% 68% 38%

Jupiter Saturn Mercury
It’s the biggest planet in Saturn is the ringed one Mercury is the closest
the Solar System and a gas giant planet to the Sun
 Our team

James Aziz Jenna Salah

Here you could talk a bit about Here you could talk a bit about
this person and provide a short bio this person and provide a short bio
 A picture to make your idea
understandable

Neptune
Neptune is the fourth-
largest planet in the Solar
System
Mars
Despite being red, Mars is
a cold place full of iron
oxide dust
 Our services

Basic Standard Premium

Service 1 Service 1 Service 1
Service 2 Service 2 Service 2
Service 3 Service 3 Service 3

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 Calendar

April
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
Mercury
Mercury is the closest
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 planet to the Sun
8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15 16 17 18 18 20 21

22 23 24 25 26 27 28
Venus
29 29 30 31 Venus has a beautiful
name, but it’s hot
 Testimonials

“Mercury is the closest planet to “Despite being red, Mars is

the Sun and the smallest one in actually a cold place. It's full of
the Solar System” iron oxide dust”

—Jenna Aziz —James Salah

 This is an infographic

Mercury Saturn
It’s the closest planet to It’s the ringed one and
the Sun a gas giant

Mars Venus
Despite being red, Venus has a beautiful
it’s a cold place name
Do you need a bulleted list?

● This is one item in your bulleted list

● This is one item in your bulleted list
● This is one item in your bulleted list
● This is one item in your bulleted list
● This is one item in your bulleted list
● This is one item in your bulleted list
● This is one item in your bulleted list
 Data review

65% 80%
It’s the biggest planet in the Saturn is the ringed one and a
Solar System gas giant
 Comparison

Item 1 Item 2 Item 3 Item 4 Item 5

April

May
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