TEKNIK MENENTUKAN UKURAN

CONTOH MELALUI PENDUGA

BEDA, RASIO, DAN REGRESI

KELOMPOK 9:
1. Dita Amalia Rahmawati (195090500111063)
2. Faiz Ilman Huda (195090501111005)
3. Vina Khoirina Awaliya (195090501111015)
4. Wiranti Br. Bakara (195090501111027)
 POKOK BAHASAN

01 02 03
Penduga Beda Penduga Rasio Penduga Regresi
(Difference Estimation) (Ratio Estimation) (Regression Estimation)

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PENDUGA
RASIO
RATIO ESTIMATION 01
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 o
Selain mengamati variabel , , ,.., , juga perlu mengamati variabel
tambahan yang digunakan sebagai tambahan informasi
o Metode pendugaan dalam penggunaan variabel tambahan X disebut
sebagai pendugaan rasio
Contoh:
Pembayaran pengiriman buah jeruk dalam jumlah yang besar tergantung
pada kandungan gula total dari jeruk tersebut.
Pada tersebut, kandungan gula (Y) setiap jeruk memiliki hubungan yang
erat dengan berat jeruk (x). Kandungan gula total () akan sama dengan
rasio dan rata-rata kandungan total gula per buah jeruk () terhadap rata-
rata bobot perbuah jeruk () , sehingga diperoleh hubungan :

4
 
Untuk menduga dan dengan menggunakan dan , rata-rata kandungan
gula dan berat untuk sampel n jeruk, maka:

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1. Penduga rasio pada Penarikan Contoh Acak Sederhana (PCAS)

 Penduga Rata-rata populasi  Penduga rasio populasi R

Penduga Ragam dari Penduga Ragam dari R

Dimana
Dimana

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  Penduga rasio populasi total

Penduga ragam dari

dimana

𝑛
2
∑ ( 𝑦 𝑖 − 𝑟 𝑥𝑖 )
𝑖=1
=
𝑛 −1

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Contoh Soal

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Menentukan Ukuran Sampel

Ukuran sampel yang diperlukan ditemukan

dengan memecahkan persamaan berikut :

 
 Contoh Soal
Solusinya,
Seorang penyelidik ingin memperkirakan rata-rata
jumlah pohon () per hektar pada N=1000. Dia
berencana untuk mengambil sampel n 1 hektar plot dan
Dimana menghitung jumlahnya pohon y pada setiap plot.
Tentukan ukuran sampel yang diperlukan untuk
menduga dengan batasan kesalahan B= 1.0

Hasil studi diberikan pada table dibawah ini :

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 Dari studi pendahuluan

dan

Menentukan n, dimana

  𝑁 𝜎^ 2 1000 ( 4.20 )
𝑛= 2
= =16.53
𝑁𝐷 + 𝜎^ 1000 ( 0.25 ) + 4.20

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2. Penduga rasio pada Penarikan Contoh Acak Berlapis (PCAB)
Ragam dari rasio ke-i dimana

Penduga penduga rata-rata populasi

Penduga ragam populasi

11
 
Penduga Rasio Kombinasi

Penduga / Penduga ragam rasio dimana

Jika rasio yang sama digunakan untuk menghitung varian semua strata,
maka penduga rata-rata y yang digunakan yaitu :

Penduga ragam

12
 
Sebuah perusahaan manufaktur ingin menduga rasio dari karyawan yang
tidak bekerja karena sakit dari tahun lalu sampai tahun ini.
Diketahui :
= 10 , = 18,7 , =17,8 , = 1,05 , = 1000 , = 16.300
= 10 , = 1500 , = 12.800
Carilah penduga rasio dan penduga ragam !

13
 
Pembahasan :
penduga rasio

Maka penduga rasio adalah 9,87

Penduga Ragam

Maka penduga ragam pada kasus

tersebut adalah 0,403

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PENDUGA
REGRESI
REGRESSION ESTIMATION 02
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 PENDUGA REGRESI

◉◉ Penduga
  regresi merupakan metode pendugaan yang dirancang dengan
menggunakan variabel tambahan (auxiliary variable) x yang berkorelasi
dengan variabel y.
◉ Hubungan x dan y linier, tetapi garis linier tidak harus melewati titik asal
(0,0), maka informasi tambahan yang diberikan oleh variabel x dapat
diperhitungkan melalui penduga regresi dari .
◉ Pada pendugaan regresi bagi harus diketahui informasi tentang .

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 PENDUGA REGRESI
◉◉ Garis
  regresi adalah garis yang menunjukkan hubungan dasar antara nilai y
dan x.
◉ Dengan menggunakan metode kuadrat terkecil, diperoleh persamaan
penduga regresi secara umum yaitu:
◉ Dimana a adalah intersep dan b adalah slope, Nilai a dapat dihitung dengan
rumus
◉ Dengan mensubtitisikan a ke persamaan regresi, maka dapat diperoleh

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 RUMUS-RUMUS PERHITUNGAN
 Penduga regresi bagi rata-rata  
Penduga ragam bagi
populasi

Bound of Error Selang Kepercayaan

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 CONTOH SOAL
  Pada suatu tes matematika dilakukan pada 486 siswa untuk masuk ke perguruan tinggi tertentu. Dari seluruh siswa
tersebut diambil contoh acak sebanyak siswa yang terpilih dan dilihat perkembangan mereka setelah menjadi
mahasiswa melalui nilai akhir kalkulus. Nilainya adalah sebagai berikut.

Siswa Nilai Tes Matematika (X) Nilai Akhir Kalkulus (Y)

1 39 65
2 43 78
3 21 52
4 64 82
5 57 92
6 47 89
7 28 73
8 75 98
9 34 56
10 52 75
 
Diketahui bahwa untuk semua 486 siswa. Dugalah untuk populasi tersebut dan hitung bound of
error.

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PEMBAHASAN CONTOH SOAL

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PENDUGA
BEDA
DIFFERENCE ESTIMATION 03
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◉ Hampir sama dengan penduga rasio, penduga beda juga
memanfaatkan hubungan yang kuat antara variabel
pendukung (x) dengan variabel yang diteliti (y). Dalam
penduga rasio, garis liniernya melalui titik origin (0,0);
sedangkan penduga beda tidak melalui titik origin.

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 Penduga beda bagi nilai tengah populasi  Selang kepercayaan bagi

 Penduga ragam

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 CONTOH SOAL
 
Berikut data penjualan buku di sepuluh toko buku pada bulan Lalu dan bulan Ini. Dugalah
dengan metode beda dan dugalah ragamnya.

 
Diketahui = 74, N = 180

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 PEMBAHASAN CONTOH SOAL

Diketahui :

 Penduga beda

 Penduga ragam :

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 “
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White
Is the color of milk and fresh
snow, the color produced by the
combination of all the colors of
the visible spectrum.
Black
Is the color of ebony and of outer
space. It has been the symbolic
color of elegance, solemnity and
authority.

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 IN TWO OR THREE COLUMNS

Yellow Blue Red

Is the color of gold, butter
and ripe lemons. In the
spectrum of visible light,
yellow is found between
green and orange.
Is the colour of the clear
sky and the deep sea. It is
located between violet and
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 ROADMAP
Blue is the colour of the Red is the colour of danger Black is the color of ebony
clear sky and the deep sea and courage and of outer space

1 3 5

2 4 6

Yellow is the color of gold, White is the color of milk Blue is the colour of the
butter and ripe lemons and fresh snow clear sky and the deep sea

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 A PICTURE IS WORTH A THOUSAND WORDS

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 LET’S REVIEW SOME CONCEPTS

Yellow Blue Red

Is the color of gold, butter and ripe Is the colour of the clear sky and Is the color of blood, and because
lemons. In the spectrum of visible the deep sea. It is located between of this it has historically been
light, yellow is found between violet and green on the optical associated with sacrifice, danger
green and orange. spectrum. and courage.

Yellow Blue Red

Is the color of gold, butter and ripe Is the colour of the clear sky and Is the color of blood, and because
lemons. In the spectrum of visible the deep sea. It is located between of this it has historically been
light, yellow is found between violet and green on the optical associated with sacrifice, danger
green and orange. spectrum. and courage.

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 TIMELINE

Yellow is the color of

Blue is the colour of the Red is the colour of danger Black is the color of ebony gold, butter and ripe White is the color of milk Blue is the colour of the
clear sky and the deep sea and courage and of outer space lemons and fresh snow clear sky and the deep sea

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

Yellow is the color of White is the color of milk Blue is the colour of the Red is the colour of danger Black is the color of ebony Yellow is the color of
gold, butter and ripe and fresh snow clear sky and the deep sea and courage and of outer space gold, butter and ripe
lemons lemons

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 GANTT CHART
Week 1 Week 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Task 1

Task 2 ◆

Task 3

Task 4 ◆

Task 5 ◆

Task 6

Task 7

Task 8

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 BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS

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Key Resources Channels

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Cost Structure Revenue Streams

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 FUNNEL

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 TEAM PRESENTATION

Imani Jackson Marcos Galán Ixchel Valdía Nils Årud

JOB TITLE JOB TITLE JOB TITLE JOB TITLE
Blue is the colour of the clear Blue is the colour of the clear Blue is the colour of the clear Blue is the colour of the clear
sky and the deep sea sky and the deep sea sky and the deep sea sky and the deep sea

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 MAPS

our office

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 WEEKLY PLANNER
SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY

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10:00 - 10:45 Task Task Task Task Task Task Task

11:00 - 11:45 Task Task Task Task Task Task Task

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