r x y2 2
tan
1 y
x
x r cos
y r sin
Transform A (in cylindrical coord)
Into cartesian if A (10, 30, 4)
Ans :
x = cos = 10 cos 30 = 5 3
y = sin = 10 sin 30 = 5
A (10, 30, 4) A (5 3, 5, 4)
Express a point (5, 12, -7) into cylindrical
coordinate
Jaw ab :
= x2 + y2 = 52 + 12 2 = 13
y 12
= ta n -1 = ta n -1 = 6 7 ,3 8 o
x 5
z = -7
J a d i titik (5 , 1 2 , -7 ) d a la m s ilin d e r (1 3 , 6 7 ,3 8 , -7 )
SPHERICAL -CARTESIAN
R x2 y2 z 2
tan
1 x2 y2
z
tan 1 xy
Transform B (spherical) into Cartesian if
B (8, 30, 60)
Ans :
x = r sin cos = 8 sin 30 cos 60 = 2
y = r sin sin = 8 sin 30 sin 60 = 2 3
z = r cos = 8 cos 60 = 4
B (8, 30, 60) B (2, 2 3, 4)
Express a point in spherical coordinate (8, 120o, 3300)
into cylindrical and Cartesian coordinates
a. Cartesian
x = r sin cos = 8 sin 120 cos 330 = 6
y = r sin sin = 8 sin 120 sin 330 = -2 3
z = r cos = 8 cos 120 = -4
Thus the position of the point (6, -2 3, -4)
b. Cylindrical
= r sin = 8 sin 120 = 43
= = 330
z = r cos = -4
Thus the position of the point (43, 330, -4)
Exercise 1
A = A . a = A x a x + A y a y + A z a z . a = A x a x . a + A y a y . a
A = A . a = A x a x + A y a y + A z a z . a = A x a x . a + A y a y . a
a x .a cos
a y .a cos(90 ) sin
a z .a z 1
a x .a cos( 90) sin
a y .a cos
Table of dot products between 2 unit
vectors in Cartesian and cylindrical
coordinate systems
a a
az
a cos - sin 0
x
a sin cos 0
y
a 0 0 1
z
Vector Transformation from
Cartesian into cylindrical coordinate
= 0
A = A . a = A x a x . a + A y a y . a + A z a z . a = A x cos + A y sin + 0
0
A = A . a = A x a x . a + A y a y . a + A z a z . a = A x sin + A y cos + 0
1
Az = A . az = A x ax . a z + A yay . az + A zaz . az = 0 + 0 + A z
Transformation matrix from
Cartesian into Cylindrical
A cos sin 0 A x
A = - sin cos 0 Ay
0 0 1
Az A
z
Transformation matrix from cylindrical
into Cartesian
-1
A x cos sin 0 A
A y = - sin cos 0 A
0 0 1
A z Az
cos - sin 0 A
= sin cos 0 A
0 0 1
Az
Nyatakan dalam koordinat silinder untuk W = x - y a y
W cos sin 0 0
W = - sin cos 0 x - y
0 0 1 0
Wz
x - y sin
= x y cos
0
W = x - y sin a + x - y cos a
cos - sin sin a + cos a
Nyatakan F = cos a dalam koordinat cartesian
cos2
= sin cos
0
x cos a x + y cos a y
=
2
x
2
x ax + y ay
x + y
Diketahui B = x a x + y a y
a. Tentukan B pada koordinat silinder
b. Tentukan B di titik x = 3, y = 4
Jawab :
B cos sin 0 Bx
B = - sin cos 0 By
a.
0 0 1
Bz Bz
cos sin 0 x
= - sin cos 0
0 0 1 y
B = x cos + y sin = cos2 + sin 2 =
B = - x sin + y cos = - sin cos + sin cos = 0
Bz = 0
Jadi B = a
b. Titik x = 3, y = 4 = 5
B = 5 a
VECTOR TRANSFORMATION FROM
CARTESIAN INTO SPHERICAL COORDINATE
A = A x ax + A y ay + A z az
Ar = A . ar = A x ax . ar + A yay . ar + A zaz . ar
A = A . a = A x a x . a + A y a y . a + A z a z . a
A = A . a = A x a x . a + A y a y . a + A za z . a
Transformation matrix
Ar ax . ar ay . ar a z . a r A x
A = a . a a y . a a z . a A y
x
A
a x . a a y . a a z . a A z
a y .a cos
a z .a 0
y
90 -
R sin
a x . a r = sin cos
a y .a r = sin . sin
a z .a 0
x
z
a z a r
r
a
90 -
90 - r s in
r s in
a .a x = cos . cos
a . a y = c o s c o s 9 0 - = c o s s in
a . a z = c o s 9 0 + = - s in
T.M. from Cartesian into spherical
Ar sin cos sin sin cos Ax
A cos cos cos sin sin Ay
A sin cos 0 Az
z 11
co s -1 = c o s -1 = 3 6 ,2 5
o
x2 + y2 + z2 1 3 ,6 4
x 7
= ta n -1 = tan -1 = 6 0 ,2 6 o
y 4
A x 0,29 0,4 - 0,87 3
A y = 0,51 0,7 0,5 4
0,81 - 0,59 0 5
A z
A x - 1,88
A y = 6,83
0,07
A z
Ans :
P(5, 306.9o ,3)
A (2 cos 3 sin )a (2 sin 3 cos )a 4a z
A P 3.6a 0.2a 4a z
Exercise 3
Express a vector A (x y)a x ( y x)a y za z
in : a. Cylindrical coordinate
b. Spherical coordinate
Ans :
a. a a za z
b. ra r r sin a
Thank you !!