LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM ELEKTRONIKA KOMUNIKASI

Rangkaian Filter Pasif High Pass Filter (HPF) dan Low Pass
Filter (LPF)
Tanggal Praktikum : 9 Maret 2015

Disusun Oleh :
Praktikan

: Alifia Claudia Zahra

(131331004)

Partner

: Abdurrochman

(131331001)

Adinda Aulia Larasati

(131331003)

Andrey Firmando (131331006)

Kelas

: 2A1

JURUSAN TEKNIK ELEKTRO

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK TELEKOMUNIKASI
POLITEKNIK NEGERI BANDUNG
2015

I.

Tujuan Praktikum
Setelah mempelajari Modul ini mahasiswa diharapkan dapat :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

II.

Mampu merakit rangkaian HPF dan LPF.

Memahami cara kerja rangkaian HPF dan LPF
Mengetahui bentuk keluaran rangkaian HPF dan LPF.
Mengetahui besar tegangan output rangkaian HPF dan LPF.
Mengetahuin kurva tegangan output rangkaian HPF dan LPF.
Dasar Teori
Pengertian Filter High Pass (HPF)
Filter High Pass (HPF) adalah jenis filter yang melewatkan frekuensi tinggi
serta meredam atau menahan frekuensi rendah. Bentuk respon HPF seperti
memperlemah tegangan keluaran untuk semua frekuensi di bawah frekuensi cutoff fc.
Di atas fc, besarnya tegangan keluaran tetap. Filter High Pass adalah lawan yang tepat
untuk low pass filter. Filter ini memiliki tegangan output dari DC (0Hz), sampai ke
titik cut-off tertentu (c) frekuensi. Titik cut-off frekuensirendah adalah -3dB (dB =20Log Vout / Vin) dari gain tegangan diizinkan untuk lulus. Rentang frekuensi "di
bawah" ini pointc cut-off umumnya dikenal sebagai Band Berhenti sementara
rentang frekuensi "di atas" titik cut-off umumnya dikenal sebagai Band Pass.
Frekuensi cut-off atau-3dB titik, dapat ditemukan dengan menggunakan rumus, c=
1 / (2RC). Sudut fase dari sinyal output pada c adalah +45. Umumnya, penyaring
bernilai tinggi kurang distorsi dari pass filter setara rendah. Sebuah aplikasi yang
sangat umum pass filter pasif tinggi, adalah dalam audio amplifier sebagai kapasitor
coupling antara dua tahap penguat audio dan dalam sistem speaker
untuk mengarahkan sinyal frekuensi tinggi untuk speaker kecil "tweeter" tipe
sementaramemblokir sinyal bass yang lebih rendah atau juga digunakan sebagai filter
untuk mengurangi noise frekuensi rendah atau "gemuruh" distorsi jenis. Bila
digunakan seperti ini di aplikasi audio pass filter tinggi kadang-kadang disebut
"berpotongan rendah", atau "bass memotong" filter. Vout tegangan output tergantung
pada konstanta waktu dan frekuensidari sinyal input seperti yang terlihat
sebelumnya.Dengan sinyal AC sinusoidal diterapkan pada sirkuit berperilaku sebagai
filter 1st Orde lulussederhana tinggi. Tetapi jika kita mengubah sinyal input untuk
yang dari "gelombangpersegi" sinyal berbentuk yang memiliki masukan langkah
hampir vertikal, responrangkaian perubahan dramatis dan menghasilkan sirkuit umum
dikenal sebagai Diferensiator.
Low Pass Filter (LPF)
Low Pass Filter memiliki tegangan output konstan dari DC (0Hz), sampai
frekuensi Cut-off
ditentukan, (c) titik. Titik frekuensi cut

-off adalah 0,707 atau-3dB (dB =-20Log Vout / Vin) dari gain tegangan diizinkan
untuk lulus. Rentang frekuensi "di bawah" ini c cut
-off pointumumnya dikenal sebagai Band Pass sebagai sinyal input diperbolehkan
untuk melewati filter.Rentang frekuensi "di atas" titik cut-off umumnya dikenal
sebagai Band Stop sebagai sinyal input diblokir atau dihentikan dari melewati. Sebuah
rangkaian sederhana untuk low pass.
filter dapat dibuat dengan menggunakan sebuah resistor tunggal di seri dengan
kapasitor non-terpolarisasi tunggal (atau komponen reaktif tunggal) di sebuah sinyal
input Vin, sementara output sinyal Vout diambil dari seluruh kapasitor. Frekuensi cutoff atau -3dB, dapat ditemukan dengan menggunakan rumus, c = 1 / (2RC).
Sudut fase dari sinyal output pada c dan -45 untuk Low Pass Filter. Keuntungan
dari filter atau penyaring dalam hal ini, umumnya dinyatakan dalam Decibel dan
merupakan fungsidari nilai output dibagi dengan nilai input yang sesuai dan diberikan
sebagai: Aplikasi pasif Filter Low Pass berada di amplifier audio dan sistem speaker
untuk mengarahkan sinyal frekuensi bass yang lebih rendah untuk speaker bass yang lebih besar
atau untuk mengurangi noise frekuensi tinggi atau "mendesis" distorsi jenis. Bila
digunakan seperti ini di aplikasi audio filter lolos rendah kadang disebut "high-cut",
atau"cut treble" filter. Jika kita membalikkan posisi dari resistor dan kapasitor dalam
rangkaian sehingga tegangan keluaran sekarang diambil dari resistor, kita akan
memiliki sirkuit yang menghasilkan frekuensi output kurva respons yang sama
dengan yang dari Filter High Pass,dan ini dibahas di tutorial berikutnya.Singkatnya
Filter Low Pass (LPF) adalah sebuah rangkaian yang tegangan keluarannya tetapdari
DC naik sampai ke suatu frekuensi cut-off fc. Bersama naiknya frekuensi di atas
fc,tegangan keluarannya diperlemah (turun). Low Pass Filter adalah jenis filter yang
melewatkan frekuensi rendah serta meredam ataumenahan frekuensi tinggi.

III.

Alat dan Komponen yang digunakan

1 Function Generator
1 Osiloskop
Jumper secukupnya
1 Papan rangkaian
1 Kapasitor variabel 5 500 pF
1 Resistor 600 ohm
1 Induktor 100 H

IV.

Rangkaian Percobaan

Gambar 1

V.

Langkah Percobaan
1. Rangkai seperti gambar 1 dengan Z = C pada papan rangkaian
2. Atur frekuensi FG: a. 100KHz kemudian amati Vout
b. 500KHz kemudian amati Vout
c. 1MHZ kemudian amati Vout
d. 1,5MHZ kemudian amati Vout
3. Ganti C dengan L
4. Ulangi langkah 2
5. Tukar Z dengan R
6. R diganti dengan C
7. Ulangi langkah 2
8. C diganti dengan L
9. Ulangi langkah 2

VI.

Hasil Percobaan

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VII.

Analisa dan Simpulan

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