Kompetensi Dasar
3.7 Membandingkan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan beberapa teks deskriptif
lisan dan tulis dengan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait dengan deskripsi orang,
binatang, dan benda sangat pendek dan sederhana, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya
DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
Definisi descriptive text
Descriptive text adalah teks bahasa Inggris untuk menggambarkan seperti apa benda atau mahluk
hidup yang kita deskripsikan, baik secara kenampakan, bau, suara, atau tekstur dari benda atau
makhluk hidup tersebut secara spesifik (to describe something or person in particular)
Tujuan descriptive text adalah untuk mendeskripsikan atau menggambarkan ciri-ciri orang,
mahluk hidup, benda atau tempat tertentu secara spesifik.
1. Identification (Identifikasi) : Pendahuluan tentang apa dan siapa yang akan dideskripsikan.
2. Description (deskripsi) : berisi ciri-ciri khusus yang dimiliki benda, tempat,
atau orang yang dideskripsikan.
(Identification)
If you want to pet an animal, I suggest you to pet a Persian cat. Persian cats are the most
beautiful cats, I think. And from all Persian cats, Georgy, is the cutest and the sweetest. Here is
the description of my Persian cat, Georgy.
(Description)
Georgy is my beautiful Persian cat. Georgy has a large round head, a short nose, big eyes, full
cheeks, and small ears with rounded tips. He has short legs and a short tail. He is so fat with a
long, thick, shiny golden coat with a fine texture. He is so cute.
He likes to sit beside me when I watch TV. He likes to enjoy TV commercials, especially cat
food commercials. Playing a game on my tablet is another hobby of his. He likes to play Tetris
on my gadget. He always pads it with his paws like he wants to win the game. Unfortunately, he
never does. He is so sweet, isn't he?
I love Georgy so much. That is why I always take care of it. The most important thing to
understand about caring for a Persian is the need for daily grooming. That long, beautiful coat
doesn’t stay clean and tangle-free on its own. It must be gently but thoroughly combed and
brushed every day, and regular bathing—at least once a month—is a good idea.
My Best Friend
(Identification)
My best friend is Ernesto and he is my classmate. We go to school together.
Ernesto comes from an educated family. His father is a school principal and his mother is also a
teacher.
(Description)
He is punctual, well-educated, and has good manners. He is really hard working. He always does
his homework. He is also well-dressed and well-behaved. All teachers have a high opinion of
him.
Ernesto has a well-built body. He is gentle but fearless. He takes part in all sports, scout, trekking
and mountaineering activities. He has a good heart. He is truthful, honest and obedient.
He also plays the guitar, and he makes his parents very proud of him. He secures good marks and
is usually top of his class in examinations. He inspires me to work harder. He keeps me away
from bad company. I am happy to have such a friend.
Borobudur Temple
(identification)
Borobudur temple is one of the most beautiful tourist resorts in Indonesia. It is situated in central
Java. Borobudur temple is one of the seven wonders of the world which needs to be preserved its
circumstances. The people all over the world know that Borobudur is one of the greatest art
works that ever known since long time ago.
(description)
Borobudur temple was built by Syailendra Dynasty during the eighth century. It needed
more than two million river stones. It is the biggest temple in the world.
After going into some restorations, Borobudur is visited by more and more tourists, both
domestic and foreign tourists. Most of them admire Borobudur temple because of its beauty, its
elegance and the story of the relief on its walls.
Domestic tourists usually go there by bus or private cars, while foreign tourists like to join
travel bureau because they don’t need to think of the transportation, accommodation, and
itinerary. There are some money changers around the location. It makes them easier to change
their money. But some of them like to bring credit cards and checks.
GRAMMATICAL FEATURES
1. Declarative Sentences
Declarative sentences adalah kalimat pernyataan, merupakan bentuk yang paling umum dari
suatu kalimat. Isi declarataive sentence mencakup sebuah fakta atau opini dari penyampaiannya.
Declarative sentence juga berisi sebuah informasi atau pemberitahuan. Adapun susunan
dari declarative sentence yang paling sederhana adalah satu subyek dan predikat. Subyek
dalam declarative sentence merupakan pelaku atau yang diceritakan dalam kalimat. Subyek bisa
berupa noun, pronoun, atau bahkan phrase. Dan dalam declarative sentence, subyek muncul di
awal klausa utama. Predikat dalam declarative sentence meliputi kata kerja dan informasi lain
dalam klausa atau kalimat. Pada dasarnya, predikat adalah penjelas atau laku dari subyek.
Seperti yang sudah dibahas di awal, ciri utama dari declarative sentence adalah, kalimatnya
diakhiri dengan tanda titik. Tanda baca atau intonasi yang digunakan dalam suatu kalimat
memang bisa menentukan jenis dari kalimat yang disampaikan.
Contohnya, ketika seseorang mengatakan “The baby is hungry.” (Bayi itu lapar), maka itu
termasuk declarative sentence. Namun jika tanda bacanya berubah menjadi “The baby is
hungry!” (Bayi itu lapar!), kalimat tersebut bisa berubah menjadi jenis kalimat lain,
yakni exclamatory sentence atau kalimat seru. Kalimat ini menghadirkan emosi yang kuat
sebagai salah satu unsurnya.
Meski tanda titik merupakan ciri umum dari sebuah declarative sentence, bukan berarti setiap
kalimat yang diakhiri dengan tanda titik merupakan declarative sentence.
Contohnya kalimat “Please don’t touch the baby.” (Jangan sentuh bayinya.); yang merupakan
sebuah kalimat perintah atau imperative sentence. Kalimat tersebut dihadirkan dengan tanda titik
untuk memperhalus perintah.
Salah satu ciri lain dari declarative sentence adalah, subject berada di depan verb. Hal ini untuk
membedakan declarative sentence dari interrogative sentence.
Dua kalimat tersebut memiliki unsur kata yang tidak berbeda satu sama lain; hanya saja
pengurutannya yang sedikit tidak sama. Kalimat kedua, “Is the baby hungry?”, dengan
letak subject di belakang be, merupakan interrogative sentence atau kalimat tanya. Perubahan
penempatan subjectmenimbulkan pergeseran makna yang besar, hingga makna kalimat berubah
menjadi “Apakah bayi itu lapar?”.
Namun, akan mudah sekali dijumpai perbedaannya sebab interrogative sentence juga selalu
berakhiran dengan tanda tanya “?”. Oleh sebab itu, penggunaan tanda baca yang tepat dalam
kalimat amat penting untuk menentukan jenis dan maksud dari suatu kalimat.
Kita bisa merubah sebuah interrogative sentence menjadi declarative sentence dengan merubah
urutan kata atau merubah sedikit bentuk verb dalam kalimat.
Source :
(http://www.belajarbahasainggris.us/2012/02/kumpulan-contoh-descriptive-text.html)
https://freeenglishcourse.info/5-contoh-descriptive-text-tentang-orang-dan-arti/
(https://www.sederet.com/tutorial/sentences-declarative-sentence/)
(https://www.dimensibahasainggris.com/2017/05/singular-and-plural-noun.html