TUGAS BAHASA INGGRIS

ENGLISH BOOKS
D
I
S
U
S
U
N
OLEH :
NAMA : SITI AISYAH RIDA BR GINTING

KELAS : D-III GIZI 1B

NIM : P010311120073

DOSEN PENGAMPU : Mrs. SITI RAKIYAH S.Pd, M.Hum

Poltekkes kemenkes medan

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 PREFACE

Puji syukur kehadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Kuasa atas segala limpahan rahmat, inayah, taufik
dan hinayahnya sehingga saya dapat menyelesaikan penyusunan Buku Bahasa Inggris ini
dalam bentuk maupun isinya yang sangat sederhana. Semoga buku ini dapat dipergunakan
sbagai salah satu acuan, petunjuk maupun pedoman bagi pembaca.

Harapan saya semoga buku ini membantu menambah pengetahuan dan pengalaman bagi para
pembaca, sehingga saya dapat memperbaiki bentuk maupun isi makalah ini sehingga
kedepannya dapat lebih baik, dan lebih sempurna lagi.

Buku ini saya akui asih terdapat banyak kekurangan. Oleh karena itu saya harapkan kepada
pembaca untuk memberikan masukan-masukan yang bersifat membangun untuk
kesempurnaan buku ini.

TABLE OF CONTENT

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HALAMAN JUDUL..……………………………………………….…. 1

PREFACE……………………………………………………….……… 2

TABLE OF CONTENT……………………………………………….... 3

CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION YOURSELF & OTHER

A. What is introduction……………………….…5
B. Introduce myself…………………….……… 5
C. Introducing others……………………….….. 7
Exercise……………………………………….… 8

CHAPTER II: PRONOUN

A. Pembahasan…………………………………..13
Exercise ………………………………………….14

CHAPTER III : PRESENT TIME

A. Simple present tense………………………….19

B. Present continuous tense………………….…..20
C. Present perfect tense……………………….…20
D. Present perfect continuous tense……………..21
Exercise…………………………………………...22

CHAPTER IV: PAST TIME

A. Simple past tense…………………………….26

B. Past continuous tense…………….………….26
C. Past perfect tense………………………….…27
D. Past perfect continuous tense……..…………27
Exercise………………………………….………28

CHAPTER V : FUTURE TIME

A. Simple future tense…………………………..32

B. Future continuous tense…….………………..32
C. Future perfect tense………………………….32
D. Future perfect continuous tense……..……….33
Exercise ………………………………………….34

CHAPTER VI: PASSIVE VOICE

A. Basic formula…………………………………………38

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 B. The verb “need”………………………………………38
Exercise …………………………………………………..41

CHAPTER VII: TAG QUESTION

A. Pengertian tag question………………………………..46

B. Pola khusus tag question………………………………46
Exercise …………………………………………………...47

CHAPTER VIII : MODALS

A. Pembahasan……………………………………..…….51
Exercise ……………………………………………..……53

CHAPTER IX : ADJECTIVES

A. Definition of adjectives………..……………………….57
B. Uses the adjectives………………..……………………57
C. Kinds of adjectives……………..………………………57
D. How to form words ………..……………………….….59
Exercise ………………………………………….…………61

CHAPTER X : PREPOSITION

A. PENGERTIAN PREPOSITION …………...…….……65

B. PENGGUNAAN PREPOSITON …………...…….…..65
Exercise………..………………………….……………...…67

CHAPTER XI: COORDINATING CONJUNCTION

A. Pengertian coordinating conjunction……………………71

B. The types of conjunction. ………………………………71
C. Jenis dan fungsi coordinating conjunction………….….72
D. Penggunaan coordinating conjunction dalam kalimat….73
Exercise …………………………………………………….74

ANSWERE KEY…………………………………………………………………..78

BIBLIOGRAPHY……………………………………………….…………………84

C HAPTER I
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INTRODUCTION YOURSELF & OTHERS

A. WHAT IS INTRODUCTION ?
Introduction is an expression of introduction to know one’s identity, we need to introduce
ourselves to a clearer communication process with whom we talk, about what we are talking
about and other conditions. There are two forms of introduction that is formal and informal

B. INTRODUCE MYSELF
1. Formal introduction
A formal introduction is used when you introduce yourself in a formal room example.
Self in front of class, workroom, meeting room and official forums, such as seminars.
Formal intakes are used in formal situation.
Expression formal introduction :
 Good morning. My name Is Aisyah
 Please, allow me to introduce myself
 May I introduce myself. My name is Siti
 Would you mind if I introduce myself. My name is Ginting
 Let me introduce myself
 I would like to introduce myself. My name is Rida
 Good evening. My name is Arianda.
 Let me introduce myself. My name is Sembiring
 How do you do ? My name is Ginting.

Responses :
 Good morning, how do you do
 How do you do, nice to meet you ?
 Oh, hello nice to meet you
 I am Siti / my name’s Siti
 Hi / hello Mr.Arianda
 Hi I’m Aisyah. Glad to meet you
 Hello. My name’s Aisyah. Pleased to meet you.
 Good evening. I’m Ginting. How do you do ?
 How do you do ? My name is Sembring. Nice to meet you.

2. Informal Introduction

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 Informal introduction is used when you introduce yourself to someone at about the same
age with you. Informal introduction id used in a non formal situation. Usually used on
unofficial events or forums, such as introduction when in public meet new friends or
friends. Commonly used words are as follows :
*Here are some Expression and Responses for informalintroduction.

Expression informal introduction :

 Hello, I am Siti Aisyah Nice to meet you
 Hi, I am Ginting nice to meet you
 Excuse me. I am Aisyah what’s your ?
 Hi, what’s your name.
Responses :
 Hi I am Ginting. Nice to meet you
 Hello, I am Aisyah nice to met you
 I am Ginting
 Hello. I am Siti Aisyah / My name’s

HOW TO CREATE A GOOD INTRODUCTION ?

The thing you should know is about the 3 main points in conveying a material :

 Opening
 Main idea
 Closing

1. OPENING
Is the first step where you should open by saying greeting.
Greeting has 2 types :
 Formal/official : Good morning, Good afternoon, Good evening.
 Informal/unofficial : Hi, Hello.
2. MAIN IDEA
Is the essence of the material to be delivered. In this case the introduction.
The content in introduction is :
 Name
 Place and date born
 Age
 Religion
 Blood code
 Hobby
 Family background.

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B. INTRODUCING OTHERS
Derived from the words “introducing = to introduce” and “other = others”. So the meaning is
a sentence used to introduce another person.

Phrases used to introduce another person :

 Hi, Siska. This is my sister, Lina.

 Allow me to introduce our new friend. He is..
 Do you know…
 Let me introduce you to my parents..
 I’d like you to meet…

EXAMPLE :

Doni : Good afternoon, mom.

Mom : Good afternoon, my son. Who is she ?

Doni : She is my classmate. Her name Is Zaskia. Zaskia, this is my mother.

Zaskia : Nice to meet you, ma’am.

Mother : Nice to meet you too, Zaskia.

EXERCISE

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A. MULTIPLE CHOICES

1. “Hello,… is Nadin.”

A. My
B. I am
C. What
D. My name
E. I name

2. Diana : “…is your name ?

Raffi : My name is Raffi

A. What
B. That
C. This
D. It
E. Who

This text is for number 3-12.

Well, friends. I am Rosida. I want to introduce one of my friends to you.

This is Siti Amalia.
You can call her Lia for short.
She is 15 years old . She is 160 cm tall and 50 kg weight.
She lives near my house, in Pandawa Street No.56.
Her hobby arr gardening and singing.
She is very beautiful and slim.

3. Who is introduce his friend ?

A. Rosida
B. The reader
C. Diah
D. Tini
E. Lia

4. What do we call the girl for short ?

A. Anisa
B. The reader
C. Lia
D. Diah
E. Siti amalia

5. How old is Lia ? … years old.

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 A. Eleven
B. Twelve
C. Thirteen
D. Fifteen
E. Ten

6. She is…cm tall.

A. A hundred six
B. A hundred sixty six
C. A hundred sixty
D. A hundred sixty three
E. A hundred sixty five

7. How many hobbies does Lia have ?

A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
E. Five

8. What is Lia like ?

A. She is short
B. She is beautiful and slim
C. She is fat
D. She is kind
E. She is tall

9. what are Lia hobbies ?

A. Reading and cooking

B. Gardening and singing
C. Dancing and cooking
D. Gardening and reading
E. Swimming and walking

10. How is Lia’s body like ?

A. Slime
B. Short
C. Fat
D. Small
E. Tall

11. Who is Lia ?

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 A. Rosida’s sister
B. Rosida’s friend
C. Rosida’s teacher
D. Rosida’s student
E. Rosida’s grandmother

12. Where does Lia live ?

A. Near Rosida’s house

B. Near Rosida’s class
C. Near Rosida’s School
D. Far from Rosida’s house
E. In Jakarta
13. Intan : …
Fuad : I’m thirteen years old
A. What is your name ?
B. Your old
C. What are you ?
D. How do you do ?
E. How old you ?

14. Siska and I are classmates…are friends.

A. We
B. You
C. They
D. I
E. Them
15. X : … ?
Y : I live at Jln. Pandawa, Surakarta.
A. Where are you from
B. What is your house
C. You live at Jln. Pandawa, Surakarta
D. What do you do
E. Where do you live

This text is for number 16-20.

Good morning, friends. I want to introduce myself.

My name is Ayu Diah. Please call me Ayu. I come
from Banyuwangi. I live at Jalan Melati 5. I am 16
years old. I am 150 meters tall. My weight is 40
kilograms. Okay, I think it’s all. Thank you.

16. Where does she lives ?

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 A. Jl. Melati 5
B. Jl. Melati 4
C. Jl. Melati 3
D. Jl. Melati 6
E. Jl. Melati 9

17. How old is Ayu ? She is…

A. Ten years old

B. Five years old
C. Six years old
D. Eleven years old
E. Sixteen years old.

18. How tall is she ?

A. 140 cm
B. 150 cm
C. 160 cm
D. 120 cm
E. 130 cm

19. How weight is she ?

A. 40 kgs
B. 50 kgs
C. 55 kgs
D. 60 kgs
E. 45 kgs

20. Where is she come from ?

A. Jakarta
B. Bandung
C. Medan
D. Banyuwangi
E. Berastagi

B. ESSAY TEST

Complete the dialogues using the expressions given in the box to answer number 1-5.

I’d like to meet you my How are you ?

friend
Nice to see you Hello, Mrs. Vony

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 I’m Tifany

A. Rafi : …. (1)

Mrs. Vony : Hello. Rafi….(2)

Rafi : I’m fine.

B. Tifany : Hello, Mr. Budi…(3). I’m a new student here.

Mr. Budi : ….(4)

Tifany : Nice to see you too

C. Lina : Good morning, Firla. ….(5) Rima, this is my friend, Firla.

Firla : Hello, Rima. I’m glad to meet you.

This text is for number 6-10.

Well, class. I want to introduce you to your new

classmate. Here is Brian Adam. He is a new student
in our SMP. He is sixteen years old, 4 kg weight and
165 cm tall. He comes from Bandung. He will study
here with you. And his hobbies are swimming and
travelling. Well, that’s all.

6. Brian…...from bandung

7. He is a…….student

8. He is 16……..

9. His hobbies are…..

10. He is……cm tall

C HAPTER II

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PRONOUN

1. PEMBAHASAN

SUBJECT OBJECT POSSESIVE POSSESIVE REFLEXSIVE

PRONOUN PRONOUN ADJECTIVE PRONOUN PRONOUN
I ME MY MINE MYSELF
YOU YOU YOUR YOURS YOURSELF
YOU YOU YOUR YOURS YOURSELVES
WE US OUR OURS OURSELVES
THEY THEM THEIR THERS THEMSELVES
HE HIM HIS HIS HIMSELF
SHE HER HER HERS HERSELF
IT IT ITS ITS ITSELF

a) Subject Pronoun digunakan sebagai subjek dalam kalimat

Example:
 He is my father.
 It is a ruler in the class.

b) Object Pronoun digunakan sebagai objek dalam kalimat

Example:
 She loves me forever.
 The robbery hit him.

c) Possesive Adjective digunakan untuk menyatakan kepunyaan yang diikuti kata benda
Example:
 That is my father.
 Her handphone is very good.

d) Possesive Pronoun digunakan untuk menyatakan kepunyaan tetapii tidak diikuti kata
benda
Example:
 That is not my pen. It is yours.
 I don’t carry my pen. May I borrow yours?

e) Reflexsive Pronoun digunakan untuk menunjukan keegiatan yang dilakukan

mengenai si pelaku sendiri atau untuk menunjukan bahwa suatu kegiatan dilakukan
oleh si pelaku sendiri
Example:

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  My friend does the task by himself.
 My mother makes cake herself.

EXERCISE.

A. MULTIPLE CHOICES

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1. You never talk to ___

A. Me
B. Mine
C. I
D. My
E. My self

2. ___give them flowers.

A. His
B. He
C. Himself
D. Me
E. Your

3. A table in the restaurant has been reserved for you and___

A. Me
B. His
C. Him
D. You
E. She

4. ___just left ten minutes ago

A. He
B. His
C. Him
D. Himself
E. Me

5. ___is the cheapest watch ever sold at the store

A. Your
B. Yours
C. You
D. I
E. Your self

6. This pink laptop case is___

A. She
B. Hers
C. Her
D. Girl
E. Woman

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7. you shouldn’t be angry with___since you’re the one who was curious

A. Them
B. They
C. Their
D. Him
E. Me

8. The interviewer asked ___ why I am interested in the position.

A. Me
B. Mine
C. I
D. My self
E. Them

9. I’m interested to buy your bike. Could you please show___to me ?

A. Its
B. It
C. Them
D. They
E. Ours

10. They have their own wood gas camp stove. Why are they using___ ?

A. Us
B. Ours
C. We
D. Them
E. They

11. The manager gave___no chois.

A. Him
B. He
C. His
D. We
E. I

12. I think we need to allow___to grow stronger.

A. Ourselves
B. Ourself
C. Yourself
D. Myself
E. Your

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13. What’s wrong with___? You look pale. Are you sick ?

A. Her
B. His
C. You
D. Us
E. Him

14. My brother is invited to their wedding party.___are our friends

A. Their
B. Them
C. I
D. We
E. They

15. I can’t read the map. Would___help me, please ?

A. Your
B. He
C. My
D. You
E. Him

16. I forgot to prepare for teaching this morning. Last night___was sick.

A. you
B. She
C. He
D. I
E. Your

17.Ani : Is this scarf Diana’s ?

Beny : Yes, it is___

A. Him
B. Yours
C. Ours
D. His
E. Hers

18. We haven’t tested our strategy yet. Have you tested___lately ?

A. Hers
B. Yours
C. Ours
D. His

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 E. Him

19. The horse swished___tail to keep flies away.

A. It’s
B. Its
C. Its’
D. The
E. Are

20. This dessert is___but you can have it.

A. My
B. Delicious
C. Yours
D. Mine
E. Hers

B. ESSAY TEST

Select The Word In The Box To Answer Questions At Underline !

SHE HE HER HIM IT WE US THEY THEM

1. I saw Mr. Tarigan this morning and gave Mr.Tarigan my homework.

2. I really liked the cake. Unfortunately, I didn’t have time to finish the cake.

3. Neil Armstrong was born in 1930. Neil Armstrong landed on the moon in 1969.

4. Penguins don’t live near the North Pole. Penguins live near the South Pole.

5. My Aunt lives in Toronto but my aunt often comes to visit my family and me.

6. If you have your ticket, you can give your ticket to that man over there.

7. First, my friend and I went shopping. Later my friend and I went home.

8. Where was Nadia ? I didn’t see Nadia at the party last week.

9. Sembiring is a really nice guy. I like Sembiring a lot.

10. The Planet Mars has two moons. The two moons are both very small.

C HAPTER III
PRESENT TIME

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A. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Simple present tense digunakan untuk :
a) Menyatakan kejadian yang merupakan kebiasaan (habitual action).
Example : I always study every night.
b) Menyatakan kejadian yang merupakan kebenaran umum (general truth)
Example : world is round
c) Menyatakan kejadian saat ini yang menggunakan atative verb
Example : I love you

Formula :
(+) S + V1 + O/C
Is, am, are, he, she it + V1 (s, es)
(-) S + DO/DOES + NOT + V1 + O/C
(?) D/DOES + S + V1 + O/C

a) Adverb of time
 Every day, every…
 In the morning, in the…
 Today
 On Sunday, on Monday, etc
 Once a week…
 Twice a…
 Thrice a…

b) Adverb Of Frequency
 Always
 Usually
 Sometimes
 Never
 Ever
 Hardly
 Often
 Rarely
 Seldom
 Scarcely
 Barely
B. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Present continuous tense digunakan untuk :
a) Menyatakan kejadian yang sedang berlangsung saat ini
b) Menyatakan kejadian yang akan berlangsung

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 Formula :
(+) S + IS, AM, ARE + V.ing + O/C
(-) S + IS, AM, ARE, + NOT + V.ing
(?) IS, AM, ARE + S + V.ing

Adverb of Time :
 At this time
 At the moment
 At present
 Right now

EXAMPLE :
1. She has already swept the floor
2. He has just moved to another country

C. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Present perfect tense digunakan untuk :
a) Menyatakan kejadian yang dimualai dimasa lampau dan masih yterjadi sampai
sekarang
b) Menyatakan kejadian yang terjadi pada masa lampau, tetapi masih ada
hubungannya sampai sekarang. (hasilnya terlihat/terasa sampai sekarang.

Formula :

(-) S + HAVE/HAS + V-3/BEEN + O/C

(+) S + HAVE/HAS + NOT +V.3/BEEN + O/C

(?) HAVE/HAS + S + V.3 /BEEN + O/C

Adverb of Time

 All
 For
 Since
 Recently

Biasanya diikuti oleh : already, just, yet.

EXAMPLE :
1. She has alredy swept the floor

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 2. He has just moved to another country

D. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Present perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang telah
berlangsung beberapa lama dan terus berlangsung sampai sekarang.

Formula :
(+) S + HAVE/HAS + BEEN + V.ing + O/C
(-) S + HAVE/HAS + NOT + BEEN + V.ing + O/C
(?) HAVE/HAS + S + BEEN + V.ing + O/C

Adverb of Time :
 All
 For
 Since
 Recently

EXAMPLE :
1. It has been raining since yesterday
2. Jono and Supri have been playing football for an hour.

EXERCISE

A. MULTIPLE CHOICES

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1. He was happy when it was finished because he ___ on it for years

A. Has been working

B. Is working
C. Was been working
D. Has working
E. Had been working

2. He ___

A. Has always bragging

B. Is always bragged
C. Was always bragging
D. Just always bragging
E. Always bragged

3. They ___ TV when the lights went off

A. Are watch
B. Was watching
C. Had been watching
D. Are watching
E. Were watching

4. When Aisyah ___ she noticed an animal in the road

A. Was driving
B. Has been driven
C. Drives
D. Is driving
E. Are drive

5. The sun ___ all day and then the clouds rolled in

A. Has been shining

B. Is shining
C. Was shined
D. Had been shining
E. Are shining

6. We ___ to Spain for our holidays

A. Going
B. Went
C. Gone
D. Go
E. Goes

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7. ___ they in Iceland last January ?

A. Did
B. Are
C. Have
D. Were
E. Is

8. If we ___ for you we would already be eating dinner by now

A. Haven’t waited
B. Aren’t waiting
C. Weren’t been waiting
D. Hadn’t been waiting
E. Aren’t wait

9. my neighbor said my dog ___ all morning

A. Has been barked

B. Is barking
C. Was barking
D. Had been barking
E. Barking

10. James ___ at the university for 5 years before he left for Asia

A. Had been teaching

B. Was teaching
C. Is teaching
D. Has been teaching
E. Were teaching

11. The plants died because we ___ them too much

A. Are actually watering

B. Had actually been watering
C. Were actually been watering
D. Have actually been watering
E. Has actually watering

12. he told me that he ___ his homework, but he was hoping to finish it on the bus

A. Isn’t do
B. Hadn’t done
C. Hasn’t done
D. Wasn’t do
E. Aren’t do

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13. I ___ when I got stung by a bee

A. Was camping
B. Had been camping
C. Camp
D. Am camping
E. Are camping

14. She was carrying lots of bags because she ___

A. Had been shopping

B. Was been shopping
C. Is shopping
D. Has been shopping
E. Are been shopping

15. Siti and Aisyah ___ to the hotel when it started to rain

A. Had been talking

B. Talk
C. Are talking
D. Were talking
E. Was talking

16. At three o’clock, I ___

A. Was working
B. Am working
C. Was worked
D. Work
E. Working

17. Mr. Ginting ___ the car when he saw his friend Alex

A. Is washing
B. Has been wshed
C. Was washing
D. Washed
E. Washing

18. The kids were very hungry because they ___ around in the garden all afternoon

A. Are running
B. Had been running
C. Were been running
D. Have been running
E. Have running

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19. The postman ___ in, ___ me the documents and ___

A. Came/gave/left
B. Come/give/left
C. Come/gave/left
D. Came/give/leave
E. Comes/given/left

20. Last night I ___ my guitar loudly and the neighbors ___

A. Playing/complained
B. Played/complained
C. Playing/complaining
D. Played/complaining
E. Plays/complaining

B. ESSAY TEST

1. I ___ English for 4 years

2. Joan ___ 2 foreign languages
3. Winter ___ on December 21
4. I ___ a bike to get to work because my car is broken
5. Do you ___ the first time we meet
6. The river Thames ___ past the House of Parliament
7. She ___ back to Korea twice already this year, and she has going again next week
8. Did you know he ___ German for 15 years ?
9. We ___ the same car for ten years
10. Kangaroos ___in Australia

C HAPTER IV
PAST TIME

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A. SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Simple past tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang terjadi dimasa lampau

Formula :

S+ V2+ O/C

S+DID+NOT+V1+O/C
WAS/WERE+ADJECTIVES/NOUN/NUMBER

Adverb of time : last month, three hors ago, yesterday, just now, etc.

Example :
 Lia wrote a letter yesterday
 He went to pondok Ranji ast week
 I always swam in the pool when I was young

B. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang sedang
berlangsung pada waktu tertentu dimasa lampau.

Formula :

S+BE(WAS/WERE)+V.ing
Past continuous + WHEN + Past tense(utamakan
simple past)
Past continuous + WHWN + Past tense
(utamakan past continuous)

Adverb of time : at…a o’clock yesterday, at this moment…ago, at this time last…

Example :
 I was playing football at 9 last night
 They were studying biology at this time yesterday
 Anto was driving on main street when his car broke down.
C. PAST PERFECT TENSE
Past perfect tense digunakan untuk :
 Menyatakan suatu kejadian yang sudah selesai terjadi dimasa lampau
 Menyatakan suatu kejadian yang sudah terjdi sebelum kejadia lain dimasa lampau

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 Formula :

S+HAD+V3+O/C
S+HAD+BEEN+ADJECTIVE/NOUN/NUMBER

 S+HAD+V3 BEFORE S+ V2
 AFTER S+HAD+V3,S+V2
 S+HAD+V3 WHEN S+V2 (boleh terbalik)
 BY THE TIMA + S.PAST

Bisa diikuti oleh : already, just

Example :
 Fatin had already swept the floor before her mother came home
 After Jono had locked the door, he went to bed

D. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejdian yang sudah
berlangsung beberapa lama tetapi masih terus berlangsung ketika kejadian lain terjadi
dimasa lampau.

Formula :

S + HAD + BEEN + V.ing + O/C

Pemakaian :
 Before + S + V2, S + HAD BEEN + V.ing for…
 When + S + V2, S + HAD + BEEN + V.ing for…
 By the time + s.past

Catatan : harus diikuti oleh for

Example :
 Bunga had been crying for half an hour when I came
 Karina washed the pipettes after she had been completing the experiment

EXERCISE

A. MULTIPLE CHOICES

1. While they ___ the door, I ___ the letter

27
 A. Has painted/is writing
B. Were painting/is writing
C. Has been painting/has written
D. Are painting/are write
E. Were painting/was writing

2. I ___ to John yesterday

A. Wasn’t talked
B. Didn’t told
C. Wasn’t told
D. Didn’t talk
E. Aren’t told

3. Mr. Ginting ___ on his essay last night

A. Had been working

B. Was working
C. Works
D. Is working
E. Working

4. While she ___ the bags, I ___ for our passports

A. Is packing/was looking
B. Was packing/was looking
C. Had been packing/was looking
D. Was packing/had been looking
E. Was packing/is looking

5. ___ he come to your party last week ?

A. Is
B. Does
C. Do
D. Have
E. Did

6. He ___

A. Is always bragged
B. Was always bragging
C. Has always bragging
D. Just always bragging
E. Were always bragged

7. He asked if I ___ Harry Potter

28
 A. Had read
B. Am reading
C. Has read
D. Was read
E. Are reading

8. I ___ my homework before I went playing football

A. Had finished
B. Have been finished
C. Was finished
D. Am finish
E. Finished

9. He ___ do the homework

A. Didn’t
B. Was
C. Doing
D. Do
E. Are

10. If he ___ for hours last night, he would have got up earlier

A. Hasn’t been read

B. Wasn’t read
C. Hadn’t been reading
D. Is reading
E. Am reading

11. If I ___ the teacher I __- lots of homework every day

A. Was/will/give
B. Am/give
C. Were/would give
D. Were/give
E. Given/were

12. They ___ all day so when we met they were exhausted

A. Are studying
B. Were been studying
C. Have been studying
D. Had been studying
E. Studying

13. He was confident because he ___ hard for the show

29
 A. Were been rehearsing
B. Had been rehearsing
C. Has been rehearsing
D. Rehears
E. Rehearsing

14. I did not have any money because I ___ my wallet

A. Was losing
B. Lose
C. Is losing
D. Had lost
E. Losing

15. You phoned while I ___ a bath

A. Was having
B. Having
C. Had having
D. Am having
E. Are have

16. He ___ his tooth last week

A. Breaked
B. Was broke
C. Broken
D. Broke
E. Are broke

17. I ___ pre-medicine but changed my major to pre-law in my junior year

A. Am studying
B. Have been studying
C. Were been studying
D. Had been studying
E. Studying

18. He ___ an email when the phone rang

A. Had been writing

B. Was writing
C. Write
D. Are writing
E. Written

19. How long ___ English before she went to London ?

30
 A. Have she been learning
B. Did she learn
C. Had she been learning
D. Does she learn
E. Do she learning

20. Mary ___ to an opera before last night

A. Is
B. Had never been
C. Was never been
D. Is never being
E. Were never been

B. ESSAY TEST

1. She only understood the movie because she ___ the book
2. Julie said (that) she was sorry and added that she ___ to see Bob
3. We ___ here in 1991
4. If you ___ to me you’d know the answer to that question
5. I didn’t like them because they ___
6. If I ___ the Queen Of England, I would give everyone a chicken
7. John ___ to go to the museum last year
8. Mike ___ in, ___ around and ___ to us
9. In the mornings we ___ in the streets of London
10. I ___ in this house when I ___ young

C HAPTER V
FUTURE TIME

31
A. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
Simple future digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang akan terjadi pada masa
yang akan datang

Formula :

S + WILL + V1 + O/C
S + WILL + BE + ADJECTIVE /NOUN/NUMBER
S + TOBE(is, am, are) + GOING TO + V1 + O/C
SIMPLE FUTURE + AS SOON AS + SIMPLE PRESENT

Adverb of time : tonight, next…, soon , tomorrow, the following day.

Example :
 I will play badminton tomorrow
 She will go abroad next year
 He is going to go to Ciamis this tonight

B. FUTURE CONTINOUS TENSE

Future continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang akan sedang
dilakukan pada waktu tertentu dimasa yang akan dating.

Formula :

S + WILL + BE + V-ing + O/C

Adverb of time : At this moment (at this time / at o’clock), tomorrow, (next, …/ the
following day), At 11 tonight.
Example :
 We will be playing badminton at 8 tomorrow
 She will be teaching English at this time next month.

C. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Future perfect tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang akan sudah selesai
terjadi dimasa yang akan datang.

Formula :

S + WILL + HAVE + V3 + O/C

32
 Adverb of time : By the end of this…, By the time S + V-1 (s / es) + O/C
Example :
 She will have sent the letter by the time you remind them
 By the end of this next week, I will have finished reading my books.

D. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINIOUS TENSE

Future perfect continious tense digunakn untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang telah
berlangsung beberapa waktu yang lama dimasa yanag akan dating.

Formula :

S + WILL + HAVE + BEEN + V-ing + O/C

Adverb of time : By next…, By the end of this…, By the time S + V1 (s/es) + O/C
Example :
 By next month, he will have been living here for three years
 By the time the man finished his assignment, his wife will have been
accompanying him for more than four hours.

EXESCISE
A. MULTIPLE CHOICES

33
1. Don’t ring at the same time tomorrow, I___my lunch.
A. Will have
B. Am having
C. Will be having
D. Am going to have
E. Am have

2. I___accounting this campus at this time tomorrow

A. Will be studying
B. Will study
C. Will have studied
D. Will have been studying
E. Will have study

3. By the end of this year, Aisyah___in Berastagi for 5 years

A. Will be staying
B. Will have been staying
C. Will have stayed
D. Will teach
E. Will stayed

4. At 7 P.M. tonight, the tax payers___their reports online

A. Will submit
B. Will be submitting
C. Will be submitted
D. Will submitting
E. Submitted

5. By the time you get back, we___care of everything.

A. Will take
B. Will be talking
C. Will have taken
D. Will have been taking
E. Will taking

6. As soon as the midfielder___the ball, the striker will shoot it to the goal.

A. Passes
B. Passed
C. Will pass
D. Has passed
E. Passing

34
7. Ginting___to school with her friends at 06.30 a.m. tomorrow

A. Walks
B. Is going to walk
C. Will be walking
D. Will have walked
E. Will walks

8. They left two hours ago, so they should be here soon.

The statement that is similar in meaning :

A. They left two hours ago, so they’re likely to be here soon

B. They left two hours ago, so they must be here soon
C. They left two hours ago, so they’ve ever here soon
D. They left two hours ago, so they will be here soon
E. They left two hours ago, so they can been here soon.

9. ___dinner tonight with Mr. Arianda, and I’d like to invite you to come along.

A. We have
B. We would have
C. We’ve just
D. We be have
E. We’re having

10. Boni Sembiring is going to return to Aceh as soon as he___his university diploma’s
degree.

A. Gets
B. Will get
C. Would get
D. Got
E. Getting

11. Charlotte___a speech at this time tomorrow.

A. Gives
B. Is giving
C. Will be given
D. Give
E. Will be giving.

12. Aisyah___the course for three months by next week.

A. Will take
B. Would take

35
 C. Will have taken
D. Is going to make
E. Will taking

13. Mr. Aron Pinem___a new research at 8 tonight.

A. Discusses
B. Is discussing
C. Will discuss
D. Will be discussing
E. Have discuss

14. I will have been___when you graduate ?

A. Study
B. Studied
C. Studyng
D. Studies
E. Learn

15. You___have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.

A. Will
B. Was
C. Is
D. Am
E. Are

16. Siti will___the work by 6 P.M

A. Finished
B. Finish
C. Finishing
D. Is finish
E. Was finish

17. Rida___the course for three months by next week.

A. Will take
B. Would take
C. Is going to take
D. Will going
E. Will have taken

18. I___call you when I arrive.

A. Aren’t
B. Is

36
 C. Will
D. Isn’t
E. Was

19. ___you have finished it by the time I come back ?

A. Was
B. When
C. Were
D. Would
E. Will

20. Mr. Ginting___have been in my boarding house next week.

A. Are
B. Am
C. Is
D. Should
E. Will

B. ESSAY TEST

1. They___(GO) home after they___(FINISH) their homework.

2. She___(JUST GO) out when I called at her house.
3. The sun had set before I___(BE) ready to go.
4. When she came into the room she saw that her husband____(ALREADY DRINK) a lot
of alcohol.
5. He___(LEARN) English before he left for England.
6. When my husband came home I___(ALREADY BE) in bed for two hours.
7. My friend___(NOT SEE) me for many years when I met him last week.
8. After I___(HEAR) the news, I___(HURRY) to see him.
9. He thanked me for what I___(DO).
10. They drank small cups of tea after they___(FINISH) dinner.

C HAPTER VI
37
PASSIVE VOICE

A. Basic Formula :

TO BE + V3

To be :
Present : is/am/are
Past : was/were
Setelah “to” dan “modal” : be
Continuous : being
Perfect : been

B. The Verb “need”

If the subject is animate, the form :

NEED + TO V1

Example:
 I need to learn English
 He need to stay in home tonight

If the subject is inanimate, the form :

NEED + TO BE + VERB 3
Or

NEED + V-ing

Example:
 The house needs to be painted
 The house needs painting

It also possible to use

38
 In need of + noun

Example:
 I am in need of money
 The organization is in need of volunteer

PRESENT ACTIVE PASSIVE

SIMPLE PRESENT S + V1 (s/es) S + be(is/am/are) + V3
She writes a letter A letter is written by her
PRESENT CONTINIOUS S + is/am/are + Ving S + is/am/are + being +
Jono is writting a letter V3
A letter is being written
by Jono
PRESENT PERFECT S + Have/has + V3 S + Have/has + been +
Jono has written a letter V3
A letter has been written
by Jono
PRESENTPERFECT S + have/has + been + V- S + have/has + been +
CONTINIOUS ing being +V3
Jono has been writting a A letter has been being
letter written by
Jono
PAST
SIMPLE PAST S + V2 S + was/were + V3
Jono wrote a letter
A letter was written by
Jono
PAST CONTINIOUS S + was/were + Ving S + was/were + being +
Jono was writting a letter V3
A letter was being
written by Jono
PAST PERFECT S + had + V3 S + had + been + V3
Jono had written a letter A letter had been written
by Jono
PAST PERFECT S + had + been + Ving S + had + been + being +
CONTINUOUS Jono had been writing a V3
letter A letter had been being
written by
Jono
FUTURE
SIMPLE FUTURE S + will + V1 S + will + be + V3
Jono will write a letter A letter will be writen by
Jono
FUTURE CONTINIOUS S + will + be + Ving S + will + be + being +
Jono will be writtiing a V3
letter A letter will be being
written by Jono

39
FUTURE PERFECT S + will + have + V3 S + will + have + been +
Jono will have written a V3
letter A letter will have been
written by
Jono
FUTURE PERFECT S + will + have + been + S + will + have + been +
CONTINIOUS Ving being + V3
Jono will have been A letter will have been
writting a letter being Written
by Jono

40
EXERCISE

A. MULTIPLE CHOICES

1. ”The boys have been told the good news.” it means____

A. The good news was told to the boys

B. Somebody has told the boys the good news
C. The good news has been told by the boys
D. The boys have told the good news

2. The meeting was supposed to be held yesterday, but it has been____to next thursday.

A. Taken off
B. Worn off
C. Take
D. Called off
E. Put off

3.The proposal____ discussed when I called the office this morning.

A. was being

B. Been

C. Being

D. Have been

E. Had

4. Black, red and even bright pink diamonds_____

A. Occasionally to find

B. Occasionally Found

C. Occasionally

D. Have occasionally Found

E. Have occasionally been found

5. Many books _____but one of the best is “how to win friends and influence people” by
dale carniegie.

A. have written about success

B. Written about success
C. Have been write
D. About successful
E. Have been written about success

6. ______were first viewed through telescope by galileo.

41
 A. Jupiter has four moons
B. Jupiter’s four moons
C. Jupiter surrounded by four moons
D. Surrounded by four moons, Jupiter
E. Jupiter had four moon

7. In november of 1863, the city of atlanta _____during sherman’s famous “march to the sea”

A. was completely burned

B. Completely was burned
C. It was burned completely
D. Completely burned it
E. Completely burned

8. The supreme court does not hear a case unless_____, except those involving foreign
ambassadors.

A. trial
B. Already tried
C. It already trying
D. It has already been tried
E. It was trial

9._____Occasions for congratulations.

A. Birthday that usually considered

B. usually considering birthdays
C. Birthdays are usually considered
D. that considered birthday usually
E. birthday should usually

10. Electron storage rings____in investigation of the structure of materials.

A. They are used

B. That are used
C. Used
D. Are used
E. We use

11. "Have you been informed about the exact number of victims of the airplane crash?"
"Yes, ....... to the headquarters of Garuda."
A. they are faxed
B. has faxed
C. the victims fax
D. it has been faxed
E. it was faxed

12. "The hotel is suffering a great loss."

"Yes, only ten perfect of their rooms ......

42
 A. being occupied
B. occupied
C. is occupied
D. are occupied
E. has been occupied

13. “Why aren't you driving your own car?"

“It ..... “
A. has sold
B. has to sell
C. has been selling
D. has been sold
E. had been sold

14. "There was no longer a rule for the youth to enter millitary service in Britain.
Really, when .... ?"
A. was It abolishing
B. did it abolish
C. was it abolished
D. was it to be abolished
E. were abolish

15. They had just been living in that house for two years when ..... by fire.
A. destroyed
B. had destroyed
C. was destroyed
D. be destroyed
E. has destroy

16. "Why does the baby next door keep crying ?"
"As usual, it .... by the babysitter."
A. is neglected
B. is neglecting
C. neglect
D. is to be neglected
E. neglecting

17. Why are the students staying outside ?

Their classroom ....
A. is being cleaned
B. being cleaned
C. was cleaned
D. is cleaning

43
 E. cleaning

18. The play I am reading ....

A. has never performed
B. never performed
C. never being performed
D. has never been performed
E. never perform

19. The headmaster would like the school yard ...... by every student before tomorrow.
A. sweep
B. sweeping
C. have swept
D. to be swept
E. to been sweep

20. The picture is not here anymore

It must have ... away
A. being taken
B. took
C. taken
D. been taken
E. was take

B. ESSAY TEST

1. That car ___ (strike)

2. Those pictures ___ (hung) on the wall ?
3. What is told by me ___ (tell) by them
4. She ___ (help) by you happily
5. My mother always ___ always visit)
6. A little boy___ find) by them in the river
7. ___ aux) my uncle___pick up) in airport?
8. How maany boys ___ forget) by you?
9. By whom ___ (aux) they ___ (forgive)?
10. What book ___ (take) by you ?

44
C HAPTER VII
TAG QUESTION

A. PENGERTIAN QUESTION TAG

Adalah bentuk pertanyaan di akhir kalimat yang berfungsi untuk menegaskan suatu
pernyataan.

Formula:
Positive sentence, negative question tag (aux/be + not + S)
Negative sentence, positive question tag (aux/be + S)

Notes:
Subject harus berupa kata ganti (pronoun), jika terdapat kata never, hardly, barely, rarely,
scarcely maka kalimat tersebut negative.

45
B. POLA KHUSUS

 I am = Aren’t I
 I am not = Am I
 Let’s = Shall we
 That/this is = Isn’t it

Main clause, subordinate clause, question tag (main clause)?

Example:
Arianda and Aisyah will be given gift, won’t they?
He said that he couldn’t accompanied me, didn’t he?

EXERCISE

B. MULTIPLE CHOICES

1. It won't happen ___

A. Would
B. Doesn't it
C. Yes
D. Does
E. Will it

2. I'm not late,___

A. Am I
B. Am I not
C. Is
D. Is not

46
 E. Are

3. The bank lent him the money ___

A. didn't it
B. isn't it
C. yes
D. did
E. was

4. You shouldn't do that, ___

A. shouldn't you
B. should you
C. not
D. should
E. would

5. You don't take sugar in coffee, ___

A. are not
B. isn’t it
C. am not
D. do not
E. do you

6. She looks tired, ___

A. does she
B. doesn't she
C. is
D. is not
E. am not

7. He's not coming, ___

A. isn't he
B. is he
C. am I
D. am not
E. are not

8. There's a cinema near the station, ____

A. isn't it
B. not
C. isn't there
D. is

47
 E. does

9. He arrived late, ___

A. isn't it
B. didn't he
C. yes
D. is
E. am

10. It's time to go, ___

A. are
B. isn't there
C. aren’t
D. is
E. isn’t it

11. I'm right, ___

A. aren't I
B. am I
C. yes I
D. am not
E. doesn’t

12. You had seen it before, ___

A. hadn't you
B. don't you
C. am I
D. am not
E. yes

13. Everybody looked so miserable, ___

A. didn't everybody
B. didn't they
C. had
D. did
E. were

14. You wouldn't do that, ___

A. would you
B. wouldn't you
C. don’t you
D. do you

48
 E. should

15. He'll be there, ___

A. won't he
B. isn't he
C. will
D. will not
E. can not

16. Everybody will be there, ___

A. won't it
B. won't they
C. not
D. is
E. are

17. She's had too much to do lately, ___

A. isn't she
B. hasn't she
C. am I
D. is
E. do not

18. They should be here soon, ___

A. shouldn't they
B. shan't they
C. hasn’t
D. has
E. wouldn’t

19. I'm not intruding, ___

A. aren't I
B. am I
C. does it
D. does
E. yes

20. Nobody has arrived yet, ___

A. have they
B. haven't they
C. didn’t
D. did

49
 E. did have

B. ESSAY TEST

1. They aren't my actor, ___

2. I have nothing for their have dinner, ___
3. Ginting has gone to many beautiful places, ___
4. Maya wanted to buy shoes, ___
5. Nothing comes free, ___
6. People like playing football, ___
7. She met nobody in her house ___
8. Don't join in this meeting ___
9. Leave him alone ___
10. Corruption can be stopped soon ___

C HAPTER VIII
MODALS

A. PEMBAHASAN
Modals adalah kata kerja bantu (auxiliary verb) yang memberi tambahan arti pada
kalimat.

Fungsi modal Modal yang digunakan

50
  Can/Could + V1
Menyatakan kemampuan  To be + able + to + V1
 To be + capable + of + Ving
 Can/Could
 May/Might
Menyatakan izin  To be + allowed + to + V1
 To be + permitted + to + V1

 Can/Could
Menyatakan kemungkinan  May/Might

 Must
 Should
Menyatakan keharusan/kewajiban  Ought to
 Have to/has to/had to

Dalam bentuk present tense

 Modal present + V1/be Ving/be
Complement
Menyatakan kesimpulan
Dalam bentuk past tense
 Modal past + have + V3/been
Ving/been complement

Example:
 The line is busy. Someone must be using the phone
 The house is empty. They must gone out

Pengertian Modal:

 Might have = Mungkin sudah

 Ought to/should + have = Seharusnya sudah
 Must have = Pasti sudah
 Could have = Seharusnya bias

Untuk menyatakan kejadian yang dilakukan sccara rutin di masa lampau:

 Would + V1
 Be + accustomed to + Ving
 To be present + used to + Ving

51
EXERCISE

C. MULTIPLE CHOICES

1. She knew everything we had been discussing. She ___ us.

A. Could overhear
B. Should have overheard
C. might have overheard
D. would have overheard
E. overheard

2. The whole kitchen was still dirty. Ann ___ forgotten to clean it

A. Should have
B. Might have
C. Must be

52
 D. Would have
E. May have

6. The traffic regulation in the U.S. are different from those in Indoesia. In the U.S. you ___
drive on the right side of the road
A. Can
B. May
C. Could
D. Should
E. Must

7. The thief ___ into the room through this window because there are footprints near thre
window
A. Should get
B. May get
C. Must have got
D. Would rather get
E. Could get

5. The doctor ___ arrives late because of traffic jam.

A. Rather
B. Should
C. Would
D. Could
E. May

6. They have lost all their possession in the fire they ___ a hard time now.

A. Must be having
B. Used be having
C. May have bad
D. Ought to have
E. Used to have

7. Last year the couple could save much money, otherwise, they tour around they ___ to
make a tour around the world
A. Can’t afford
B. Could afford
C. Could not have afforded
D. Will afford
E. Afford

8. She didn’t answer when I knocked on the door. She ___ sleeping

A. May be

53
 B. Can be
C. Might have been
D. May have been
E. Should have been

9. Why doesn’t she go home ? She looks pale and tired. She ___ take a rest and sleep

A. Shall
B. Will
C. Would
D. Should
E. Can

10. There is no outside the theatre ; the performance ___.

A. Must have started

B. Ought to have started
C. Should have started
D. Was to started
E. Were to start

11. When we go home, we found the front door open. Somebody ___ entered the house while
we were away.
A. Could
B. Would have
C. Must have
D. Should have
E. May have

12. She was sneezing all the time. She ___ a cold.

A. Ought to have
B. Must have been
C. Is to have
D. Should have been
E. Might have been

13. Jim gets the best mark in the examination. He ___ hard for it

A. Might study
B. Could study
C. Must have studied
D. Should have studied
E. Have studying

14. The picture is not here anymore; it must have ___

54
 A. Been taken away
B. Been taking away
C. Being taken away
D. Take away
E. Taking away

15. His English is very good. He ___ quite a lot.

A. Should practice
B. Will have practiced
C. Must have been practicing
D. Ought to practice
E. Practiced

16. “The doctor promised to come at seven but he isn’t here yet.” “He ___ some patients.”

A. May still have

B. Must be having
C. Used to have
D. Would still have
E. Should still have

17. Since he has already borrowed the book for one month, ___ it right away

A. He’ll have returned

B. He would returned
C. He was returned
D. He has returned
E. He should return

18. He asked me whether he ___ my car to go to the party.

A. Can borrow
B. Might borrow
C. May borrow
D. Would borrow
E. Should borrow

19. He told me about Japan. He ___ there for a long time

A. Must have lived

B. Might be living
C. Ought to have lived
D. Should be living
E. Would be living

20. “Mom, may I play outside with my friends ?’’

55
 “No, you ___ stay in bed until the fever is gone”
A. Might
B. Can
C. Must
D. Could
E. Should

B. ESSAY TEST

1. He had better ___ to the airport by five or else he may miss the flight
2. Every aplicants ___wear uniform at the wal-in interview.
3. You ___ go home after our finish doing the job in the lab.
4. I think you ___ buy newspaper to stay update
5. We ___ see the beach from our bedroom window
6. Fifi has travelled a lot. He ___ speak five language
7. I can’t understand this lesson. I’ve never ___ understand it.
8. When Jim was 17, he ___ 100 meters in 11 second
9. We didn’t know where Tony was, but we ___ to find him in the end
10. Ask Mr. Ginting about your problem. He might ___ help you.

C HAPTER IX
ADJECTIVES

A. Definition of Adjactives
Adjectives are word used to describe nouns or pronouns which can be a person, a place,
an animal, an object or an abstract concept. This English adjective is one of the eight parts
of speech. For example :
• Active
• Bad
• Beautiful
• Busy
• Clever
• Diligent
According to the function adjectives are usually placed in front of the noun. For example :
• They are a clever students.
• He is a busy worker.

56
B. Uses the Adjectives
Adjectives can be used in the form of a verb, with the singular and plural forms
unchanged. For example :
• She is a clever student (singular/tunggal)
• Diana and Ferdy are clever students (plural/jamak).
• I am busy. (plural/jamak)
If there are two or more adjectives before a noun, the two adjectives are placed directly in
sequence. For example :
• A funny short story.
• A pretty blonde girl.
However, if there are two or more adjectives indicating a color, they must be separated by
the word “and” between them.

C. Kinds of Adjectives.
Adjectives in English can be divided into several types, namely :
 Descriptive Adjectives
Namely an adjective that describes the state or shape of an object. The words
included in this group are : beautiful, big, clever, smart, high, low, etc.
Example :
-Amira is a beautiful girl.
-She has a big body.
 Distributive Adjectives
Namely adjectives that are distributive (divided). Some examples of the words are
: each, every, either, neither, etc.

Example :

-They study English every day.

 Demonstrative Adjectives
Demonstrative Adjectives are adjectives that are used to limit the use of a noun to
that person or thing that is expected to be shown by that adjectives.
Example :
-This (singular)
-That (singular)
-These (plural)
-Those (plural)

 Interrogative Adjectives
It is an adjective that is used to ask an object.
Example :
-What

57
 -Which
-Whose
-What color.
 Quantitative Adjectives
It is an adjective that used to describe the number of objects.
Example :
-Many
-Much
-A little
-A few

 Numeral Adjectives
Adjective indicating how many objects or in what order. Numeral adjectives limit
the use of a noun to such persons or objects as their number or in the serial order
indicated by the adjective. Numeral adjectives are divided into two main groups,
namely :
1. The definite numeral. Numbers that indicate how many things there are
(such as one, two, three, four and so on) are called cardinals. Numbers that
indicate the serial order in which an object is located are called ordinal
numbers. Numbers that indicate how often an object is repeated are called
multiplicatives.
2. Indefinite Numerals show the number of a particular type without telling
them exactly how many. They are therefore called indefinite numerals.
The main words of this group are all, some, enough, no, many, few,
several, and sundry.

D. How to Form words

Some adjectives are form words from other tenses. Adjectives are also formed from
nouns and verbs with the following conditions :

1. Formation of Adjectives from Nouns

 By adding the suffix “al” to nouns.

Nouns Adjectives

Crime Criminal
Nature Natural
Person Personal
Part Partial
Ratio Rational

 By adding the suffix “less” to the noun which means no or no

58
 Nouns Adjectives

Arm Armless
Wing Wingless
Hair Hairless
Job Jobless

 By adding the suffix “-Y” to the noun.

Nouns Adjectives

Anger Angry
Blood Bloody
Cloud Cloudy
Dust Dusty
Wind Windy

 By giving the noun the suffix ‘ful’

Nouns Adjectives

Beauty Beautiful
Help Helpful
Hope Hopeful
Power Powerful
Success Successful

 By adding the ending “ous” to nouns.

Nouns Adjectives

Danger Dangerous
Delight Delicious
Mystery Mysterious
Poison Poisonous

2. Adjective formation of verbs.

 By adding the “able” ending to the verb.

Verbs Adjectives

59
 Break Breakable
Eat Eatable
Laugh Laughable
Obtain Obtainable
Achieve Achievable

 By adding the suffix “ive” to the verb.

Verbs Adjectives

Construct Constructive
Educate Educative
Instruct Instructive
Repress Repressive
Talk Talkative

EXERCISE
A. MULTIPLE CHOICES

1. Coral reefs areas ___ small fish live and take shelter are damaged now.
A. Which
B. Of whose
C. In where
D. In which
E. Whom

60
2. Ozokerite is a mineral wax occurring in the vicinity of petroleum deposits. It is the crude,
dark colored___ceresin is refined

A. Wax which is for

B. Wax that which
C. Wax from which
D. Wax for which
E. Wax where which
3. ___The people which cheated in the examination had to leave the room.
A. The people
B. Which
C. Had to
D. Leave
E. Whose
4. ___the citizen must obey.
A. That the result and the outcomes of the selection
B. Which the result and the outcomes of the selection
C. Whatever the result and the outcomes of the selection
D. When the result and the outcomes of the selection.
E. Whom the result and the outcomes of the selection.
5. ___Taufik Hidayat won the Sudirman cup is the pride of Indonesia.
A. That
B. As
C. Thus
D. However
E. Is
6. It is generally considered unwise to give a child___he or she wants.
A. Whatever is it
B. Whatever
C. That
D. Whatever that
E. This
7. I didn’t hear___because there was too much noise when I was sitting.
A. What said
B. What he said
C. What did he say
D. What was he saving
E. What which he said

8. John met many beautiful girls at the dinner party last night, the most beautiful girl___was
Nora.
A. Of that
B. Of them

61
 C. Of which
D. Of whom
E. Of when
9. There are many good people in the world___you can trust to take care of your children.
A. Which
B. Whom
C. Whose
D. Of which
E. Of whose
10. The man___she invited was the son of the governor
A. With whom
B. To whom
C. Who
D. With who
E. Whom
11. Coral reefs areas___small fish live and take shelter are damaged now.
A. Which
B. Of whose
C. In where
D. In which
E. Whose
12. I met many smart student here, the smartest___is my new neighbor, Mira.
A. Of whom
B. Of which
C. Of whose
D. Of who
E. Whose
13. The book___is only available in the library.
A. From which these two chapters are taken
B. These two chapters are taken from them
C. Where these two chapters are taken
D. The two chapters are taken
E. From two chapters are taken
14. The girl___this letter is addressed has moved to another city.
A. Who
B. To which
C. To who
D. Which
E. To whom
15. This is Mr. Ginting___.

62
 A. Which I told you
B. Whom I told you about
C. I told you
D. That I told you
E. Who I told you
16. Did I tell you about the girl___I met during the student demonstration last week ?
A. Who
B. Whose
C. Whom
D. With whom
E. Which whom
17.Bill’s father___health hasn’t been so good lately is in hospital now.
A. Whose
B. That
C. Of whom
D. Of which
E. Those
18. The books on this shelf,___are about child education, belong to my father
A. Which of most
B. In which
C. That of most
D. Most of which
E. In most
19. This is the book___yesterday
A. That the teacher was talking about it
B. About in the teacher was talking
C. The teacher was talking about
D. The teacher was talking about it
E. That about the teacher was talking
20. I’ve lost a piece of paper___.
A. I wrote Ayun’s address on it
B. That I wrote Ayun’s address on it
C. On which I wrote Ayun’s address
D. Ayun’s address I wrote on it
E. On whom Ayun’s wrote on it

B. ESSAY TEST
Complete the sentence below using the superlative degree (adjectives) in brackets.

63
1. Sofa is the____sister in my family. (old)
2. He is the____man that I’ve ever met. (funny)
3. Sarah is the ____woman in this event. (pretty)
4. No one is the____in this world except the God. (fair)
5. My brother is the _____student in the class. (thin)
6. His voice was the____when I was studying for the examination. (upset)
7. Sembiring Saat was the____actress in Turkey. (talented)
8. Ginting is the____in making a poem. (smart)
9. Who is the ____woman in Indonesia? (rich)
10. Siti Aisyah writes the story is the____in the Indonesian lesson. (long)

C HAPTER X
PREPOSITION

A. PENGERTIAN PREPOSITION
Preposition adalah kata depan yang digunakan untuk merangkai noun, pronoun, dan
gerund.

B. PENGGUNAAN PREPOSITION
A. Tempat

64
 a) At digunakan untuk membicarakan :
 Tempat tanpa ukuran atau batas yang jelas
Example : At the bus stop
 Bagian dari suatu tempat
Example : At the end of the street
 Tempat hiburan. Cafe, Restaurant, hotel.
Example : At the office
 Tempat belajar dan bekerja
Example : At the office
 Alamat yang diikuti nomor.
Example : At no 27 Kamboja street

b) On digunakan untuk membicarakan :

 Benda yang berada diatas dan menyentuh permukaan benda lain.
Example : On the floor
 Tempat yang berada disungai, pantai, pulau, dan jalan.
Example : On the beach
 Ungkapan yang menunjukkan arah.
Example : On the right

c) In digunakan untuk membicarakan :

 Benda yang berada didalam benda lain
Example : In the drawer
 Daerah yang luas seperti, kota, Negara, dll.
Example : In the Berastagi

B. Waktu

a) At digunakan untuk :
 Menyebut jam
Example : At eight o’clock
 Ungkapan tertentu
Example : At midnight
 Menyebutkan hari libur
Example : At lebaran

b) On digunakan untuk :
 Menyebutkan hari
Example : On Sunday
 Menyebutkan tanggal
Example : On September 1, 2009

65
  Menyebutkan hari libur
Example : On Christmas day

c) In digunakan untuk :
 Menyatakan pagi, siang, dan malam
Example : In the morning
 Menyatakan waktu dengan rentang waktu yang lama.
Example : In 1962
 Menyatakan periode waktu
Example : In a few minutes

EXERCISE

A. MULTIPLE CHOICES

1. The ball is___the box.

A. In
B. On
C. To
D. Up
E. By

66
2. Some student go to school___car.

A. In
B. On
C. By
D. At
E. Up

3. The picture is___the wall

A. At
B. Near
C. On
D. In
E. At

4. The little girl is hiding ___

A. On the bushes
B. Above the bushes
C. With the bushes
D. At the bushes
E. Behind the bushes

5. The car went___us at a very high speed

A. Against
B. Past
C. Around
D. By
E. In

6. My uncle is sick. He is lying___bed

A. Up
B. Over
C. In
D. At
E. By

7. Walking___the street, I found a wallet

A. On
B. At
C. Down
D. To
E. Near

67
8. Kediri is famous___its jaranan.

A. Of
B. From
C. For
D. Behind
E. At

9. My sister is interested___Guitar music

A. With
B. Of
C. At
D. On
E. In

10. Java lies___Bali and Sumatera

A. In
B. Among
C. Over
D. Between
E. By

11. Why are you looking___me like that ?

A. At
B. On
C. To
D. By
E. Among

12. You’d better look it___in the dictionary

A. Up
B. Down
C. In
D. On
E. Through

13. We must stay___the track

A. An
B. At
C. On
D. To
E. Down

68
14. I’ll pick you___at 10.PM, ok ?

A. O
B. In
C. At
D. To
E. Up

15. Lina came here for___

A. To borrow a book
B. A book
C. Borrowing a book
D. In order to a book
E. Order a book

16. We arrived___at six o’clock

A. Jakarta
B. To Jakarta
C. For Jakarta
D. In Jakarta
E. From Jakarta

17. The ball feel___the river and floated away

A. Into
B. On
C. To
D. By
E. Over

18. “stand___I” farher said

A. Down
B. On
C. For
D. Up
E. At

19. I borrowed this dictionary___Pedro

A. To bring
B. To
C. At
D. By
E. For

69
20. Could you please help me___these heavy suitcase ?

A. To
B. At
C. On
D. In
E. To bring

B. ESSAY TEST

1. They sang (through/along/over) the long walk home

2. He managed to pass (from/with/by) studying hard.
3. Be careful ! Don’t go (beyond/without/over) the trees
4. Don’t feel guilty (with/about/from) being late
5. My brother is really (for/over/into) snowboarding- he goes every winter
6. You should be pleased (over/for/with) the results.
7. It was sunny all (round/between/through) the summer months.
8. The bus stops just (to/down/before) the traffic lights.
9. The shares have risen (at/up/to) six euros each.
10. I have spent three years (to/at/for) that company

C HAPTER XI
COORDINATING CONJUNCTION

A. PENGERTIAN COORDINATING CONJUNCTION

Coordinating conjunctions adalah kata hubung yang biasa digunakan untuk
menghubungkan eleme-elemen kalimat dalam kelas tata bahasa yang sama, atau
kelompok kata contohnya menghubungkan :

70
  Kata benda dengan kata benda
 Kata keterangan dengan kata keterangan
 Klausa dengan klausa

Contoh kalimat :
 I will buy eraser , pencil , and ruler.
( menghubungkan kata benda )
 She speaks fluently but quietly.
( menghubungkan kata keterangan )
 My mother is kind and beautiful
( menghubungkan kata sifat )
 I like reading , but he likes writing
( menghubungkan klausa )

B. THE TYPES OF CONJUCTION

In general, the conjunction is divided into 3 namely the coordinating conjuction, the
correlative conjunction , and subordinating conjunction . read the explanation below :

1. Coordinating conjuction
Coordinating conjunction connective is a form that is used to connect the other one
white a sentence that have the same degree.
Coordinating conjunctions coordi nate or jain two or more sentences , main clauses,
word or other parts of speech which are of the ame syntactic importance, coordinating
conjuctions are used to gave equal emphasisi to a pair of main clauses.
Examples :
 I and rika are best friend .
( aku dan rika adalah teman baik ).
 I love him but I hate him too .
( aku menvintainta tetapi aku membencinya )

2. Correlative conjunction

71
 As suggested by thair name , correlatife conjunction correlate, working in pairs to join
phrases or words that carry aqual imortance within a sentence. Like many of the most
interesting parts of speech, correlative conjunctions are fun to use . at the same time ,
there are some important rules to remember for using them correctlu.
Exmples :
 It is not only a book but also my frind .
( ini bukan hanya sebuah buku, tetapi juga temanku ).
 I don’t like neither mango or apple .
( aku tidak suka baik mangga atau pun apel )

3. Subordinating conjunction
Subordinating conjuctions are parts of speech that join dependent clauses to
idependent clauses. Sometimes referred to as subordinate conjunctions, these
important word and phrases may also introduce adverb clause subordinating
conjunctions are essential part of complex sentences with include at least two clases
being main (independent) and the other being subordinate (dependent).
Examples :
 I miss him because he is my friend.
( aku merindukannya karena dia adalah teman ku).

 We love each other as friends

( kami saling menyayangi sebagai seorang sahabat ).

C. JENIS DAN FUNGSI COORDINATING CONJUNCTION

It’s a good idea to use the mnemonic “ fanboys “ to memorize coordinating conjunctions
so you’ll never forget them. They are:

F : for
A : and
N : nor
B : but

O : or

72
 Y : yet
S : so

 Fungsi :
 For : menjelaskan alasan ,sebab atau tujuan
 And : untuk menambahkan satu hal ke hal lainnya
 Nor : digunakan untuk mengungkapkan pertanyaan negatif
 But : menunjukkan keadaan kontras
 Or : menujukkan pilihan
 Yet : menunjukkan keadaan kontras
 So : menunjukkan dampak atau akibat

D. PENGGUNAAN COORDINATING CONJUNCTION DALAM

KALIMAT

Example or coordinating conjunctions :

 He went to library , for her read some books
 I ate burger , chicken filet, and spaghetti
 I won’t go for a walk nor for swimming
 Andi is clever , but he is careless
 You can write by using pen or pencil
 The alley was dark , yet I found my way
 It is raining , so I use umbrella

EXERCISE
A. MULTIPLE CHOICES

1. She is tired___she works really hard

A. Neither
B. And
C. For

73
 D. Nor
E. Yet

2. Aji doesn’t smoke,___drink.

A. Neither
B. And
C. For
D. Nor
E. Or

3. I love watching drama___action movies.

A. And
B. But
C. Or
D. Yet
E. For

4. Mia likes cakes___hates cookies

A. And
B. But
C. Or
D. Yet
E. For

5. We can eat pizza___steak for dinner

A. And
B. But
C. Or
D. Yet
E. Neither

6. He is sick,___he isworking.

A. And
B. But
C. Or
D. Yet
E. Neither

7. Jim was hungry,___he ate all burger

A. So
B. And
C. For

74
 D. After
E. Since

8. They eat___watch television at the same time.

A. So
B. And
C. After
D. Since
E. For

9. We are going to the beach___we finish taking the exam

A. So
B. And
C. After
D. Since
E. Yet

10. ___we have lived in Paris, we have gone to every exhibit at the museum.

A. So
B. And
C. After
D. Since
E. Or

11. She has some shoes, ___none of them are comfortable for brisk walking.

A. And
B. But
C. Nor
D. So
E. After

12. Ones can’t eat their cake___have it too

A. And
B. But
C. Nor
D. Or
E. Since

13. I want to know how customers decide to buy___not tobuy new car.

A. And
B. Nor
C. Yet

75
 D. After
E. Or

14. I wentmy friend $10 yesterday, ___her wallet was lost.

A. And
B. But
C. For
D. So
E. Yet

15. My brother and I visited the zoo last week, ___we took some photos.

A. And
B. But
C. For
D. Yet
E. Or

16. The candidate didn’t show up for the interview, ___the HR manager crossed her of the
list.

A. And
B. But
C. So
D. Yet
E. Neither

17 Bobby really hates cold water, ___he attends swimming lesson twice a week in the
morning

A. And
B. For
C. So
D. Neither
E. Yet

18. My employer refused to accept my resignation, ___did he raise my salry.

A. But
B. Nor
C. So
D. Yet
E. After

19. I want to buy a new car

A. But

76
 B. For
C. Nor
D. After
E. So

20. Our new classmate is not bad ___, he’s very kind

A. Furthermore
B. Rather
C. Neither
D. Or
E. For

B. ESSAY TEST

1. I would go to my friend’s party,___ I have a lot of homework.

2. Many students failed in the mid test, ___ you should study hard.
3. Toni doesn’t like wasting his money___ he has a lot of money.
4. ___ I was eating fried chicken, my little sister came.
5. Diah is very smart, ___the teacher likes her.
6. Thomas says nice words, ___you don’t trust him.
7. Does Ben have any brothers___sister ?
8. I have got a home, ___I haven’t got a car.
9. ___my father___my mother supported me.
10. Please calm down. Let’s wait___see.

ANSWER KEY

CHAPTER I
 Multiple Choice
1. D 6. C 11. B 16. A
2. A 7. B 12. A 17. E

77
 3. A 8. B 13. E 18. B
4. C 9. B 14. A 19. A
5. D 10. A 15. E 20. D

 ESSAY TEST
1. HELLO MRS. VONY
2. HOW ARE YOU ?
3. I’M TIFANY
4. NICE TOO SEE YOU
5. I’D LIKE TO MEET YOU MY FRIEND
6. COMES
7. NEW
8. YEARS OLD
9. SWIMMING AND TRAVELLING
10. 165

CHAPTER II
 Multiple Choice
1. A 6. B 11. A 16. B
2. C 7. A 12. A 17. E
3. A 8. A 13. D 18. B
4. A 9. B 14. E 19. B
5. B 10. B 15. D 20. D

 ESSAY TEST
1. HIM 6. IT
2. IT 7. WE
3. HE 8. HER
4. THEY 9. HIM
5. US 10. THEY

78
CHAPTER III
 Multiple Choice
1. E 6. B 11. B 16. A
2. C 7. D 12. B 17. C
3. E 8. D 13. A 18. B
4. A 9. D 14. A 19. A
5. D 10. A 15. D 20. B

 ESSAY TEST
1. HAVE BEEN STUDYING 6. FLOWS
2. HAS STUDIED 7. HAS BEEN
3. STARTS 8. HAS BEEN TEACHING
4. AM RIDING 9. HAVE HAD
5. REMEMBER 10. LIVE

CHAPTER IV
 Multiple Choice
1. E 6. B 11. C 16. D
2. D 7. A 12. D 17. D
3. B 8. A 13. B 18. B
4. B 9. A 14. D 19. C
5. E 10. C 15. A 20. B

 ESSAY TEST
1. HAD READ 6. WAS
2. HADN’T EXPECTED 7. WANTED
3. MOVED 8. WALKED/LOOKED/SMILED
4. HAD BEEN LISTENING 9. WALKED
5. WERE ALWAYS COMPLAINING 10. LIVED/WAS

79
CHAPTER V
 Multiple Choice
1. C 6. A 11. D 16. B
2. A 7. C 12. C 17. E
3. B 8. D 13. D 18. C
4. B 9. E 14. C 19. E
5. C 10. A 15. A 20. E

 ESSAY TEST
1. WEST/FINISHED 6. HAD ALREADY BEEN
2. HAD JUST GONE 7. HAD NOT SEEN
3. WAS 8. HAD HEARD/HURRIED
4. HAD ALREADY DRUNK 9. HAD DONE
5. HAD LEARNED 10. HAD FINISHED

CHAPTER VI
 Multiple Choice
1. B 6. B 11. D 16. A
2. E 7. A 12. C 17. A
3. A 8. D 13. D 18. D
4. E 9. C 14. C 19. B
5. E 10. C 15. C 20. D

 ESSAY TEST
1. IS STRICKEN 6. HAD BEEN FOUND
2. HAD BEEN HANG 7. WAS BEING PICKED UP
3. WILL BE TOLD 8. HAS BEEN FORGOTTEN
4. WILL HAVE BEEN HELPED 9. ARE FORGIVEN
5. WAS ALWAYS VISITED 10. HAD BEEN FOUND

80
CHAPTER VII
 Multiple Choice
1. E 6. B 11. A 16. B
2. A 7. B 12. A 17. B
3. A 8. C 13. A 18. A
4. A 9. B 14. A 19. B
5. E 10. E 15. A 20. C

 ESSAY TEST
1. ARE THEY 6. DON’T THEY
2. DO I 7. DID SHE
3. HASN’T HE 8. WILL YOU
4. DIDN’T SHE 9. WILL YOU
5. DOES IT 10. CAN’T IT

CHAPTER VIII
 Multiple Choice
1. D 6. A 11. C 16. A
2. B 7. A 12. B 17. E
3. E 8. C 13. D 18. B
4. C 9. D 14. A 19. A
5. E 10. A 15. D 20. C

1. GET 6. CAN
2. SHOULD 7. CAN
3. HAD BETTER 8. COULD RUN
4. SHOULD 9. WAS ABLE TO
5. CAN 10. BE ABLE TO

CHAPTER IX

81
 Multiple Choice
1. D 6. D 11. D 16. C
2. C 7. A 12. A 17. A
3. D 8. D 13. A 18. D
4. B 9. A 14. E 19. C
5. A 10. E 15. B 20. C

 ESSAY TEST
1. OLDEST 6. LAST UPSET
2. FUNNIEST 7. MOST TALENTED
3. PRETTIES 8. SMARTEST
4. FAIREST 9. RICHEST
5. THINNEST 10. LONGEST

CHAPTER X
 Multiple Choice
1. A 6. C 11. A 16. D
2. C 7. C 12. A 17. A
3. C 8. C 13. C 18. D
4. E 9. D 14. E 19. B
5. B 10. D 15. C 20. E

 ESSAY TEST
1. THROUGH 6. WITH
2. BY 7. THROUGH
3. BEYOND 8. BEFORE
4. ABOUT 9. TO
5. INTO 10. AT

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CHAPTER XI
 Multiple Choice
1. C 6. D 11. B 16. C
2. D 7. A 12. A 17. E
3. A 8. B 13. E 18. B
4. B 9. C 14. C 19. E
5. C 10. D 15. A 20. B

 ESSAY TEST
1. NEVERTHELESS 6. YET
2. THEREFOR 7. OR
3. WHEREAS 8. BUT
4. WHILE 9. NEITHER/NOR
5. SO 10. AND

BIBLIOGRAPHY

E-Book STAN brain Module

Buku Bahasa Inggris kelas VII
https://belajarbarengstan.blogspot.com/2019/07/soal-modal.html?m=1
https://www.ahzaa.net/2018/12/latihan-soal-modal-dan-modal-perfect.html?m=1

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https://www.mediainggris.com/2019/01/introducing-self-and-other-peoplecara.html?m=1
https://kelasbahasainggris.com/penjelasan-lengkap-adjective/
https://herlinassitorus.wordpress.com/2015/05/09/coordinate-conjunction-subordinate-
conjunction-dan-correlative-conjunction/
https://www.ilmusosial.id/2020/02/soal-tbi-stan-dan-pembahasan-pdf.html?m=1

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