REPORT TEXT

Pada kesempatan kali ini kami akan memberikan salah satu jenis dari genre
text yaitu Report Text. Kalian tentunya sudah pernah atau bahkan sering mendengar
atau membaca report text secara tidak langsung. Misalnya saat kita mendengar
informasi fakta dari seseorang tentang sesuatu, dan lain sebagainya. Report text ini
penting untuk dipelajari karena materi ini sering muncul umumnya di SMP atau
SMA. Nah tanpa basa-basi lagi mari kita simak pengertian, generic structure, ciri-
ciri, contoh, dan soal latihan report text.

Apa itu Report Text?

Report text is a text which presents information about something generally,
as it is. It is as a result of systematic observation and analysis.
Report text adalah teks yang menunjukkan informasi tentang sesuatu pada
umumnya dan apa adanya. Report text ini merupakan hasil dari observasi penelitian
dan analisa sistematis. Namun terkadang orang-orang menganggap report text ini
sama atau serupa dengan Descriptive Text. Lalu apa bedanya Report Text
dengan Descriptive Text?
Berbeda dengan Report text yang menunjukkan informasi secara umum,
Descriptive text menunjukkan informasi secara menyeluruh dan detail (khusus). Jadi
kalian cukup ingat saja bahwa Report text = umum dan Descriptive Text = khusus.
Karena menunjukkan sebuah hasil penelitian ilmiah, maka report text ini
biasanya merupakan hal seputar hal-hal ilmiah di sekitar kita, misalnya fenomena
alam, tata-surya, planet, hewan, tanaman, kehidupan sosial manusia, negara,
budaya, transportasi dan lain sebagainya.

Generic Structure Report Text

Report text terdiri dari dua susunan sistematis yaitu:

1. General Classification
Tahap awal ini merupakan pernyataan mengenai apa yang sedang dibahas
secara umum.
2. Description
Tahap kedua ini merupakan sebuah inti yang menjelaskan detail dari general
classification, bagian per bagian.

Ciri - Ciri Report Text

 Menunjukkan aspek secara umum

 Menggunakan Simple Present Tense
 Menggunakan conditional logical connection, seperti when, so, etc

Contoh Report Text 1

 Bicycle

          A bicycle, is called a bike or cycle, is a human-powered, pedal-driven, single-

track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. A bicycle
rider is called a cyclist, or bicyclist.
          Bicycles were introduced in the 19th century in Europe and as of 2003, more
than 1 billion have been produced worldwide, twice as many as the number of
automobiles that have been produced. They are the principal means of
transportation in many regions. They also provide a popular form of recreation, and
have been adapted for use as children's toys, general fitness, military and police
applications, courier services, and bicycle racing.
          The basic shape and configuration of a typical upright or "safety bicycle", has
changed little since the first chain-driven model was developed around 1885. But
many details have been improved, especially since the advent of modern materials
and computer-aided design. These have allowed for a proliferation of specialized
designs for many types of cycling.
          The bicycle's invention has had an enormous effect on society, both in terms of
culture and of advancing modern industrial methods. Several components that
eventually played a key role in the development of the automobile were initially
invented for use in the bicycle, including ball bearings, pneumatic tires, chain-driven
sprockets, and tension-spoked wheels.

Contoh Report Text 2

Volcano
          A volcano is a mountain that opens downward to a pool of molten rock below
the surface of the earth. When pressure builds up, eruptions occur. There are more
than 500 active volcanoes in the world. More than half of these volcanoes are part of
the “Ring of Fire,” a region that encircles the Pacific Ocean.
         An erupting volcano can trigger tsunamis, flash floods, earthquakes, mudflows
and rockfalls. In an eruption, gases and rock shoot up through the opening and spill
over or fill the air with lava fragments. Eruptions can cause lava flows, hot ash flows,
mudslides, avalanches, falling ash and floods. Fresh volcanic ash, made of
pulverized rock, can be harsh, acidic, gritty, glassy and smelly. The ash can cause
damage to the lungs of older people, babies and people with respiratory problems.
         The sound of an eruption volcano can be quiet and hissing or explosive and
booming. The loud cracks travel hundreds of miles and do the most damage,
including hearing loss and broken glass. Volcanic lightning occurs mostly within the
cloud of ash during an eruption, and is created by the friction of the ash rushing to
the surface. Roughly 200 accounts of this lightning have been witnessed live.

Contoh Report Text 3

Elephant
          Eagles are large, powerfully built birds of prey, with a heavy head and beak.
Even the smallest eagles, like the booted eagle (Aquila pennata) (which is
comparable in size to a common buzzard (Buteo buteo) or red-tailed hawk (B.
jamaicensis)), have relatively longer and more evenly broad wings, and more direct,
faster flight – despite the reduced size of aerodynamic feathers. 
          Most eagles are larger than any other raptors apart from some vultures. The
smallest species of eagle is the South Nicobar serpent eagle (Spilornis klossi), at 450 g
(0.99 lb) and 40 cm (16 in). The largest species are discussed below. 
          Like all birds of prey, eagles have very large hooked beaks for ripping flesh
from their prey, strong muscular legs, and powerful talons. The beak is typically
heavier than that of most other birds of prey. 
          Eagles’ eyes are extremely powerful, having up to 3.6 times human acuity for
the martial eagle, which enables them to spot potential prey from a very long
distance.This keen eyesight is primarily attributed to their extremely large pupils
which ensure minimal diffraction (scattering) of the incoming light. The female of all
known species of eagles is larger than the male