NP Iso 45001 - 2019

Kgrad K^ FPG <8>>4

2>46
^grtuouhsd
Pfsthads lh ohstàg ld shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg
Rhqufsftgs h grfhktdïàg pdrd d sud utfifzdïàg
Pystíahs lh adkdohahkt lh id sdktæ ht lh id sæùrftæ du trdvdfi
Hxfohk`hs ht ifokhs lfrh`trf`hs pgur ihur utfifsdtfgk
G`ùpdtfgkdi mhditm dkl sdchty adkdohahkt systhas

Rhqufrhahkts wftm oufldk`h cgr ush
F@P
F@P MGAGIGODÏÀG
MGAGIGODÏÀG
40.4>> \hrag lh Mgagigodïàg k.º 2=2/2>46, lh 2>46-42-42
@GRRHP^GKLÊK@FD
@GRRHP^GKLÊK@FD HIDBGRDÏÀG
HIDBGRDÏÀG
Shrsàg pgrtuouhsd ld FPG <8>>4:2>4= @\ <2 (D^PHF)
@ÐLFOG LH ^RHÏG
^RHÏG HLFÏÀG
HLFÏÀG
]>40 2>46-42-43
 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld
Rud Dktðkfg Ofàg, 2

2=26-840 @D^DRF@D ^GR\XODI
\hi. + 084-242 6<= 4>> Cdx + 084-242 6<= 4>4
H-adfi: fpqNfpq.pt Fkthrkht: www.fpq.pt

^rhâabuig kd`fgkdi
G prhshkth Lgùahktg (K^ FPG <8>>4:2>46) æ flêktf`g dg Lgùahktg Fkthrkd`fgkdi FPG <8>>4:2>4=
«G`ùpdtfgkdi mhditm dkl sdchty adkdohahkt systhas ‐ Rhqufrhahkts wftm oufldk`h cgr ushµ.
D @gafssàg \æ`kf`d rhspgksävhi phid hidbgrdïàg ld vhrsàg pgrtuouhsd lhsth lgùahktg æ d @\ <2
«Phourdkïd h Pdúlh lgs trdbdimdlgrhsµ, ùjd `ggrlhkdïàg æ dsshourdld phig Grodkfsag lh
Kgradifzdïàg Phtgrfdi, Dssg`fdïàg ^grtuouhsd lh Phourdkïd (GKP/D^PHF).
D FPG <8>>4:2>4= cgf hidbgrdld phig ^rgjh`t @gaaftthh FPG/^@ 2=0 ’G`ùpdtfgkdi Mhditm dkl Pdchty
adkdohahkt systhas‑.
Dvfsg: Lgùahktg `ga lfrhftgs lh prgprfhldlh

© F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld
Ds kgrads
qudi fkìuf dh ^rgprfhldlh
gs lgùahktgs kgradtfvgs
Fklustrfdi, sàg lgùahktgs
Lfrhftgs dbrdkoflgs
lh Dutgr h Lfrhftgs pgr lfrhftgs
@gkhxgs. lh ^rgprfhldlh
Æ prgfbfld Fkthih`tudi
h pukfld, kgs thrags ldd
ihofsidïàg dpif`ävhi, d sud rhprgluïàg, utfifzdïàg, lfstrfbufïàg gu lfvuiodïàg púbif`d, lh qudiquhr pdrth lhsth
lgùahktg, ha qudiquhr cgradtg, hihtrðkf`g gu ah`âkf`g, fkìufklg cgtg`ðpfd gu `gig`dïàg kd fkthrkht gu kuad
fktrdkht, sha dutgrfzdïàg prævfd hs`rftd. D dutgrfzdïàg lhvh shr rhquhrfld dg Fkstftutg ^grtuouês ld Tudifldlh
hkqudktg Grodkfsag Kd`fgkdi lh Kgradifzdïàg.

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 0 lh 84
Puaärfg ^äofkd
^rhâabuig kd`fgkdi ...............................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................. 2
.................................................................................................................................................................... 8
Fktrgluïàg....................................................................................................................................................................
4 Gbjhtfvg h `dapg lh dpif`dïàg .......................................................................................................................... 6
..........................................................................................................................
2 Rhchrêk`fds kgradtfvds....................................................................................................................................... 6
.......................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................. 6
0 \hrags h lhcfkfïøhs ..............................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................43
< @gkthxtg ld grodkfzdïàg ...................................................................................................................................
<.4 @gaprhhklhr d grodkfzdïàg h g shu `gkthxtg ....................... ................................................................................. 43
........................................................................................................
<.2 @gaprhhklhr ds kh`hssfldlhs h ds hxph`tdtfvds lgs trdbdimdlgrhs h lh gutrds pdrths
fkthrhssdlds................................................................................................. .................................................................................. 43
...................................................................................................................................................................................
<.0 Lhthrafkdr g âabftg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\............................................................................................... 43

<.< Pfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ ...........................
.................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................... 43
8 Iflhrdkïd h pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs.............................................................................................43
8.4 Iflhrdkïd h `gaprgafssg ................................................................................................................................................ 43
........................................................................................................................................................................ 4?
8.2 ^giátf`d ld PP\ ......................................................................................................................................................................
8.0 Cukïøhs, rhspgksdbfifldlhs h dutgrfldlhs grodkfzd`fgkdfs ............................................................................. 4=
8.< @gksuitd h pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs .............................................................................................................. 4=
3 îdkhdahktg ..........................................................................................................................................................46
..........................................................................................................................................................
3.4 Dïøhs pdrd trdtdr rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs ................................................................................................................. 46
3.4.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs ....................................................................................................... ............................................................. 46
....................................................................................................................................................................
3.4.2 Flhktfcf`dïàg lgs phrfogs h dprh`fdïàg lgs rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs.......................................................... 2>
3.4.0 Lhthrafkdïàg lgs

lg s rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs ................................................................................. 24
3.4.< îdkhdahktg lh dïøhs............................................................................................................................... ..................... 22
dïøhs....................................................................................................................................................
3.2 Gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ h pidkhdahktg p drd gs dtfkofr .................................................................................................... 22
pdrd
3.2.4 Gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ ........................................................................................................................ ....................................... 22
...............................................................................................................................................................
3.2.2 îdkhdahktg pdrd dtfkofr gs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ .................................................................................................... 22
? Pupgrth.............................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................20
........................................................................................................................
............................................................ ....................................................................................................................... 20
?.4 Rhùrsgs .................................................................................................................................................................................
@gap htêk`fds ........................................................................................................................................................................ 20
?.2 @gaphtêk`fds
?.0 @gks`fhk`fdifzdïàg ............................................................. ................................................................................................. 20
..............................................................................................................................................................
?.< @gaukf`dïàg............................................................................................................. ............................................................. 2<
..........................................................................................................................................................................
?.<.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs .......................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................. 2<
?.<.2 @gaukf`dïàg fkthrkd........................................................................................................... ........................................... 2<
......................................................................................................................................................
?.<.0 @gaukf`dïàg hxthrkd ..................................................................................................................................................... 2<

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. < lh 84
?.8 Fkcgradïàg
F kcgradïàg lgùahktdld ...................................................................................................................... .......................... 28
................................................................................................................................................

?.8.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs.....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
............................................... 28
?.8.2 @rfdïàg h dtudifzdïàg ...................................................................................................... ................................................ 28
......................................................................................................................................................
?.8.0 @gktrgig ld fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld........................................................................................................... ........ 28
...................................................................................................................
= Gphrd`fgkdifzdïàg .............................................................................................................................................. 23
..............................................................................................................................................
=.4 îdkhdahktg h `gktrgig gphrd`fgkdi .................................................................................................................. ........ 23
..........................................................................................................................
=.4.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs..................................................................................................................... ............................................... 23
....................................................................................................................................................................
=.4.2 Hifafkdïàg lgs phrfogs h rhluïàg lgs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ ............................................................................... 23
..................................................................................................... ................................................ 23
=.4.0 Ohstàg lds dithrdïøhs .....................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................ .......................... 2?
=.4.< ^rg`hssg lh dqufsfïøhs ..................................................................................................................................................
=.2 ^rhpdrdïàg h rhspgstd d hahroêk`fds ................................................................................................................ ........ 2=
........................................................................................................................
6 Dvdifdïàg lg lhshaphkmg ............................................................................................................................... 2= 2=

........................................... ............................. 2=
6.4 Agkftgrfzdïàg, ahlfïàg, dkäifsh h dvdifdïàg lg lhshaphkmg ........................................................................
6.4.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs..................................................................................................................... ............................................... 2=
....................................................................................................................................................................
6.4.2 Dvdifdïàg lg ùaprfahktg ......................................................................................................................................... 26
.................................................................................................................. ............................................... 26
6.2 Dulftgrfd fkthrkd .................................................................................................................................................................
6.2.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs..................................................................................................................... ............................................... 26
....................................................................................................................................................................
6.2.2 ^rgordad lh dulftgrfd fkthrkd .................................................................................................... .............................. 26
..................................................................................................................................
6.0 Rhvfsàg phid ohstàg ............................................................................................................................................................ 0>
............................................................................................................................................................... 04
4> Ahimgrfd ...............................................................................................................................................................
4>.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs...................................................................................................................... ............................................... 04
.....................................................................................................................................................................
4>.2 Fk`flhkth, kàg `gkcgrafldlh h dïàg `grrhtfvd..................................................................................................... 04

4>.0 Ahimgrfd `gktákud ............................................................................................................ ................................................ 02
............................................................................................................................................................
Dkhxg D (fkcgradtfvg) Ifkmds lh grfhktdïàg pdrd d utfifzdïàg lhsth lgùahktg ........................... 00
00
Bfbifgordcfd................................................................................................................................................................ 8>
................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. 84
Áklf`h dicdbætf`g lgs thrags ..............................................................................................................................

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 8 lh 84
Fktrgluïàg
>.4 Dkth`hlhkths
Xad grodkfzdïàg æ rhspgksävhi phid shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg (PP\) lgs trdbdimdlgrhs h lh
gutrds phssgds quh pgssda shr dchtdlds phids suds dtfvfldlhs. Hstd rhspgksdbfifldlh fkìuf prgagvhr h
prgthohr d sud sdúlh cásf`d h ahktdi.
D dlgïàg lh ua sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ lhstfkd-sh d phraftfr quh uad grodkfzdïàg prgpgr`fgkh
ig`dfs lh trdbdimg shourgs h sdulävhfs, prhvfkd ihsøhs h dchïøhs ld sdúlh rhid`fgkdlds `ga g trdbdimg
h ahimgrh `gktfkudahkth g shu lhshaphkmg ld PP\. PP \.
>.2 Gbjhtfvg lh ua sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\

G gbjhtfvg lh ua sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ æ prgpgr`fgkdr uad hstruturd pdrd ohrfr gs rfs`gs h ds
gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d PP\. G gbjhtfvg h gs rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ sàg
prhvhkfr ihsøhs h dchïøhs ld sdúlh rhid`fgkdlds `ga g trdbdimg h prgpgr`fgkdr ig`dfs lh trdbdimg
shourgs h sdulävhfs5 `gkshquhkthahkth, æ lh hxtrhad fapgrtâk`fd pdrd d grodkfzdïàg, hifafkdr gs
phrfogs h afkfafzdr gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ dtrdvæs ld dlgïàg lh ahlflds hcf`dzhs lh prhvhkïàg h lh
prgthïàg.
Tudklg hstds ahlflds sàg dpif`dlds phid grodkfzdïàg dtrdvæs lg shu sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\, hstds
ahimgrda g lhshaphkmg ld PP\. Xa sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ pglh shr adfs hcf`dz h hcf`fhkth qudktg
adfs `hlg dlgtdr dïøhs pdrd trdtdr gpgrtukfldlhs lh ahimgrfd lg lhshaphkmg ld PP\.
D fapihahktdïàg lh ua sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ ha `gkcgrafldlh `ga hsth lgùahktg, phrafth d
uad grodkfzdïàg ohrfr gs shus rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ h ahimgrdr g shu lhshaphkmg ld PP\. Xa sfsthad lh
ohstàg ld PP\ pglh djuldr uad grodkfzdïàg d ùaprfr gs shus rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs.
>.0 Cdtgrhs lh su`hssg

D fapihahktdïàg lh ua sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ æ uad lh`fsàg hstrdtæof`d h gphrd`fgkdi pdrd uad
grodkfzdïàg. G su`hssg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ lhphklh ld iflhrdkïd, `gaprgafssg h pdrtf`fpdïàg
lh tglgs gs kávhfs h cukïøhs
cu kïøhs ld grodkfzdïàg.
D fapihahktdïàg h adkuthkïàg lh ua sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\, d sud hcf`ä`fd h d sud `dpd`fldlh pdrd
dtfkofr gs shus rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs lhphklha lh ua `gkjuktg lh cdtgrhs-`mdvh quh pglha fkìufr:
d) iflhrdkïd, `gaprgafssg, rhspgksdbfifldlhs h rhspgksdbfifzdïàg ld ohstàg lh tgpg5
b) lhshkvgivfahktg, iflhrdkïd h prgagïàg phid ohstàg lh tgpg lh uad ùiturd kd grodkfzdïàg quh
supgrth gs rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\5
`) `gaukf`dïàg5
l) `gksuitd h pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs, h, qudklg hxfstda, lgs rhprhshktdkths lgs
trdbdimdlgrhs5
h) dig`dïàg lgs rhùrsgs kh`hssärfgs pdrd g adkthr5
c) pgiátf`ds ld PP\, quh sàg `gapdtávhfs `ga gs gbjhtfvgs hstrdtæof`gs oigbdfs h grfhktdïàg ld
grodkfzdïàg5
o) prg`hssg(s) hcf`dz(hs) pdrd flhktfcf`dr gs phrfogs, `gktrgidr gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ h dprgvhftdr ds
gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d PP\5

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 3 lh 84
m) dvdifdïàg h agkftgrfzdïàg `gktákuds lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ pdrd ahimgrdr g lhshaphkmg ld
PP\5
f) fkthordïàg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ kgs prg`hssgs lh khoð`fg ld grodkfzdïàg5
j) gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ difkmdlgs `ga d pgiátf`d ld PP\ h quh têa ha `gktd gs phrfogs, gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\
h ds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d PP\ ld grodkfzdïàg5
e) ùaprfahktg lgs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs dpif`ävhfs5
D lhagkstrdïàg ld fapihahktdïàg `ga su`hssg lhsth lgùahktg pglh shr utfifzdld pgr uad
grodkfzdïàg pdrd dsshourdr dgs trdbdimdlgrhs h d gutrds pdrths fkthrhssdlds quh hstä ha prätf`d ua
sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ hcf`dz. D dlgïàg lhsth lgùahktg, tgldvfd, kàg odrdkth pgr sf sð, d prhvhkïàg
lh ihsøhs h dchïøhs ld sdúlh rhid`fgkdlds `ga g trdbdimg, g prgpgr`fgkdr ig`dfs lh trdbdimg shourgs h
sdulävhfs h d ahimgrfd lg lhshaphkmg ld PP\.
G kávhi lh lhtdimh, d `gapihxfldlh, d hxthksàg ld fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld, h gs rhùrsgs kh`hssärfgs
pdrd dsshourdr g su`hssg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ lh uad grodkfzdïàg lhphklhrä lh ua `gkjuktg
lh cdtgrhs, tdfs `gag:
 `gkthxtg ld grodkfzdïàg (pgr hxhapig, kúahrg lh trdbdimdlgrhs, lfahksàg, ohgordcfd, ùiturd,
rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs)5
 âabftg lh dpif`dïàg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ ld grodkfzdïàg5
 kdturhzd lds dtfvfldlhs ld grodkfzdïàg h gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\
PP \ rhid`fgkdlgs.
>.< @fìg îdkhdr-Hxhùtdr-Shrfcf`dr-Dtudr

D dbgrldoha dg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ dpif`dld khsth lgùahktg æ bdshdld kg `gk`hftg lh îdkhdr-
Hxhùtdr-Shrfcf`dr-Dtudr (^L@D).
G `gk`hftg ^L@D æ ua
u a prg`hssg fthrdtfvg utfifzdlg phids grodkfzdïøhs pdrd dtfkofr d ahimgrfd `gktákud.
Hsth pglh shr dpif`dlg d ua sfsthad lh ohstàg h d `dld ua lgs shus hihahktgs fklfvfludfs, `gag
shouh:
d) îdkhdr: lhthrafkdr h dprh`fdr*) gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\, ds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d PP\ h gutrgs rfs`gs h
gutrds gpgrtukfldlhs, hstdbhih`hr gs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ h gs prg`hssgs kh`hssärfgs pdrd cgrkh`hr
rhsuitdlgs `gk`grldkths `ga d pgiátf`d ld PP\ ld grodkfzdïàg5
b) Hxhùtdr: fapihahktdr gs prg`hssgs `gag pidkhdlg5
`) Shrfcf`dr: agkftgrfzdr h ahlfr ds dtfvfldlhs h gs prg`hssgs cd`h î pgiátf`d ld PP\ h dgs gbjhtfvgs ld
PP\, h rhpgrtdr gs rhsuitdlgs5
l) Dtudr: haprhhklhr dïøhs pdrd d ahimgrfd `gktákud lg lhshaphkmg ld PP\ lh aglg d dtfkofr gs
rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs.
Hsth lgùahktg fk`grpgrd g `gk`hftg ^L@D kuad
kua d kgvd hstruturd, `gag fiustrdlg kd Cfourd 4.
*) D prhshkth vhrsàg pgrtuouhsd dlgtd d thrafkgigofd ld ohstàg lg rfs`g, shouklg d K^ FPG 04>>>:2>4= h g
LK^ FPG Oufd ?0:2>44. Lhstd`d-sh pdrtfùidrahkth g thrag ’rfse dsshssahkt ‑ trdluzflg `gag ’dprh`fdïàg lg rfs`g‑. Kd
ifthrdturd jä hxfsthkth ha pgrtuouês sgbrh ohstàg lg rfs`g,
r fs`g, ’rfse dsshssahkt ‑ ‑ æ lh uad adkhfrd ohrdi trdluzflg pgr ’dvdifdïàg
‑
lg
lg rfs`g
rfs`g). Kg
‑ qudlrg lg pgr
æ `gkstftuáld prg`hssg ld ohstàg
0 htdpds: lg rfs`g prgpgstg pgr dquhid kgrad d dtfvfldlh lh ’rfse dsshssahkt (dprh`fdïàg
’rfse flhktfcf`dtfgk‑ (flhktfcf`dïàg lg rfs`g), ’rfse dkdiysfs‑ (dkäifsh lg rfs`g) h ’rfse
hvdiudtfgk‑ (dvdifdïàg
(dvdifdïàg lg rfs`g) (kgtd kd`fgkdi).

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. ? lh 84
KG\D: Gs kúahrgs hktrh pdrêkthshs rhchrha-sh dgs kúahrgs lds sh`ïøhs khsth lgùahktg.
Cfourd 4 ‐ Rhidïàg hktrh g ^L@D h d hstruturd khsth lgùahktg
>.8 @gkthúlg lhsth lgùahktg

Hsth lgùahktg hstä ha `gkcgrafldlh `ga gs rhqufsftgs ld FPG pdrd ds kgrads lh sfsthads lh ohstàg.
Hsths rhqufsftgs fkìuha uad hstruturd lh ditg kávhi, thxtg kuìhdr flêktf`g h thrags h lhcfkfïøhs lh
bdsh `gaua, `gk`hbflgs pdrd bhkhcf`fdr gs utfifzdlgrhs quh fapihahktda värfds kgrads FPG lh
sfsthads lh ohstàg.
Hsth lgùahktg kàg fkìuf rhqufsftgs hsph`ácf`gs lh gutrds ärhds, tdfs `gag gs ld ohstàg ld qudifldlh,
ld rhspgksdbfifldlh sg`fdi, lg dabfhkth, ld shourdkïd (’ shùrfty ‑),
‑), gu cfkdk`hfrd, habgrd gs shus
hihahktgs pgssda shr difkmdlgs gu fkthordlgs `ga gs lh

l h gutrgs sfsthads lh ohstàg.
Hsth lgùahktg `gktæa rhqufsftgs quh pglha shr utfifzdlgs pgr uad grodkfzdïàg pdrd fapihahktdr
ua sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ h pdrd dvdifdr d `gkcgrafldlh. Xad grodkfzdïàg quh prhthkld
lhagkstrdr `gkcgrafldlh `ga hsth lgùahktg pglh cdzê-ig:

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. = lh 84
 hchtudklg uad dutgdvdifdïàg h dutg lhìdrdïàg, gu
 prgùrdklg
ìfhkths, gu d `gkcfradïàg ld sud `gkcgrafldlh pgr pdrths fkthrhssdlds kd grodkfzdïàg, tdfs `gag
 prgùrdklg d `gkcfradïàg ld sud dutglhìdrdïàg pgr uad pdrth hxthrkd î grodkfzdïàg, gu
 prgùrdklg d `hrtfcf`dïàg/rhofstg lg shu sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ pgr uad grodkfzdïàg hxthrkd.
Ds Ph`ïøhs 4 d 0 lhsth lgùahktg hstdbhih`ha g gbjhtfvg h `dapg lh dpif`dïàg, ds rhchrêk`fds
kgradtfvds h gs thrags h lhcfkfïøhs quh sh dpif`da î utfifzdïàg lhsth lgùahktg, hkqudktg quh ds
Ph`ïøhs < d 4> `gktêa gs rhqufsftgs d shrha utfifzdlgs pdrd dvdifdr d `gkcgrafldlh `ga hsth
lgùahktg. G Dkhxg D cgrkh`h hxpif`dïøhs fkcgradtfvds lhsshs rhqufsftgs. Gs thrags h lhcfkfïøhs ld
Ph`ïàg 0 hstàg grodkfzdlgs pgr grlha `gk`hptudi, `ga ua áklf`h dicdbætf`g cgrkh`flg kg cfkdi lhsth
lgùahktg.
Khsth lgùahktg sàg utfifzdlds ds shoufkths cgrads vhrbdfs:
d) ’lhvh‑ gu ’lhvha‑ fklf`d ua rhqufsftg5
b) ’lhvhrä‑ gu ’lhvhràg‑ fklf`d uad rh`gahkldïàg5
`) ’pglhrä‑ gu ’pglhràg‑ fklf`d uad phrafssàg5
l) ’pglh‑ gu ’pglha‑ fklf`d uad pgssfbfifldlh gu uad `dpd`fldlh.
D fkcgradïàg dssfkdidld `gag ’K gtd‑ lhstfkd-sh d grfhktdr d `gaprhhksàg gu d ìdrfcf`dr g rhqufsftg

dssg`fdlg. Ds ’Kgtds î sh`ïàg‑ utfifzdlds kd Ph`ïàg 0 cgrkh`ha fkcgradïàg supihahktdr quh
`gapihahktd gs ldlgs thrafkgiðof`gs h pglha `gkthr lfspgsfïøhs rhidtfvds î utfifzdïàg lh ua thrag.

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 6 lh 84
4 Gbjhtfvg h `dapg lh dpif`dïàg
Hsth
(PP\),lgùahktg
h cgrkh`h hsph`fcf`d
grfhktdïøhsgspdrd
rhqufsftgs
d sud pdrd ua sfsthad
utfifzdïàg, lh ohstàgquh
pdrd phraftfr ld ds
shourdkïd h sdúlh
grodkfzdïøhs kg trdbdimg
prgpgr`fgkha
ig`dfs lh trdbdimg shourgs h sdulävhfs, dtrdvæs ld prhvhkïàg lh ihsøhs h dchïøhs ld sdúlh rhid`fgkdlds
`ga g trdbdimg, bha `gag dtrdvæs ld ahimgrfd prgdtfvd lg lhshaphkmg ld PP\.
Hsth lgùahktg æ dpif`ävhi d qudiquhr grodkfzdïàg quh prhthkld hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr h adkthr
ua sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ pdrd ahimgrdr d shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg, hifafkdr phrfogs h
afkfafzdr rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ (fkìufklg lhcf`fêk`fds lg sfsthad), tfrdr vdktdohks lds gpgrtukfldlhs
pdrd d PP\, h trdtdr kàg `gkcgrafldlhs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ dssg`fdlds îs suds dtfvfldlhs.
Hsth lgùahktg djuld uad grodkfzdïàg d di`dkïdr gs rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs lg shu sfsthad lh ohstàg
ld PP\. Lh d`grlg `ga d pgiátf`d ld PP\ ld grodkfzdïàg, gs rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs lh ua sfsthad lh
ohstàg ld PP\ fkìuha:
d) ahimgrfd `gktákud lg lhshaphkmg ld PP\5
b) ùaprfahktg lgs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs5
`) `gkshùïàg lgs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\.
Hsth lgùahktg æ dpif`ävhi d qudiquhr grodkfzdïàg, fklhphklhkthahkth ld sud lfahksàg, tfpg h

dtfvfldlhs. Æ dpif`ävhi dgs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ sgb `gktrgig ld grodkfzdïàg, thklg ha `gktd cdtgrhs `gag
g `gkthxtg ha quh d grodkfzdïàg gphrd h ds kh`hssfldlhs h hxph`tdtfvds lgs shus trdbdimdlgrhs h lh
gutrds pdrths fkthrhssdlds.
Hsth lgùahktg kàg lhcfkh `rftærfgs hsph`ácf`gs pdrd g lhshaphkmg ld PP\, kha æ prhs`rftfvg sgbrh d
`gk`hïàg lh ua sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.
Hsth lgùahktg phrafth quh uad grodkfzdïàg, dtrdvæs lg shu sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\, fkthorh gutrgs
dsphtgs ld shourdkïd h sdúlh, tdfs `gag g bha-hstdr lg trdbdimdlgr.
Hsth lgùahktg kàg trdtd quhstøhs `gag d shourdkïd lgs prglutgs, ldkgs î prgprfhldlh gu fapd`ths
dabfhktdfs, pdrd diæa lgs rfs`gs pdrd gs trdbdimdlgrhs h pdrd gutrds pdrths fkthrhssdlds rhihvdkths.
Hsth lgùahktg pglh shr utfifzdlg tgtdi gu pdr`fdiahkth pdrd ahimgrdr sfsthadtf`dahkth d ohstàg ld
shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg. Kg hktdktg, kàg sàg d`hftävhfs dihodïøhs lh `gkcgrafldlh `ga g
prhshkth lgùahktg d ahkgs quh tglgs gs shus rhqufsftgs shjda fk`grpgrdlgs kg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld
PP\ ld grodkfzdïàg h shjda ùaprflgs, sha hxìusàg.
2 Rhchrêk`fds kgradtfvds
G prhshkth lgùahktg kàg `gktæa rhchrêk`fds kgradtfvds.
0 \hrags h lhcfkfïøhs
D FPG h d FH@ ohrha bdshs lh ldlgs lh thrafkgigofd ùjg gbjhtfvg æ d sud utfifzdïàg `gag chrrdahktds
lh kgradifzdïàg. Hstàg lfspgkávhfs kgs shoufkths hklhrhïgs:

FPG Gkifkh brgwsfko pidtcgra: mttp://www.fsg.gro/gbp
pidtcgra: mttp://www.fsg.gro/gbp
 FH@ Hih`trgphlfd: mttp://www.hih`trgphlfd.gro/

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 4> lh 84
0.4 grodkfzdïàg
^hssgd gu `gkjuktg lh phssgds quh tha ds suds prðprfds cukïøhs `ga rhspgksdbfifldlhs, dutgrfldlhs h
rhidïøhs pdrd dtfkofr gs shus gbjhtfvgs (0.43).
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: G `gk`hftg lh grodkfzdïàg fkìuf, ads kàg sh ifaftd d trdbdimdlgr fklhphklhkth, `gapdkmfd, `grpgrdïàg,
cfrad, haprhsd, dutgrfldlh, pdr`hrfd, fkstftufïàg lh sgifldrfhldlh sg`fdi gu gutrd, gu pdrth gu `gabfkdïàg lds ahsads,
lgtdlds gu kàg lh phrsgkdifldlh jurálf`d, lh lfrhftg púbif`g gu prfvdlg.
KG\D 2 î sh`ïàg: Hsth `gkstftuf ua lgs thrags `gauks h lhcfkfïøhs cukldahktdfs pdrd ds kgrads FPG lh sfsthads lh
ohstàg cgrkh`flgs kg Dkhxg PI lg Pupihahktg FPG @gksgifldlg îs Lfrhtfvds FPG/FH@, ^drth 4.
0.2 pdrth fkthrhssdld (thrag prhchrhk`fdi)

stdehmgilhr (thrag
(thrag dlaftflg)
^hssgd gu grodkfzdïàg (0.4) quh pglh dchtdr, shr dchtdld pgr, gu `gksflhrdr-sh `gag shklg dchtdld pgr
uad lh`fsàg gu dtfvfldlh.
0.0 trdbdimdlgr
^hssgd quh hxhùtd trdbdimg gu dtfvfldlhs rhid`fgkdlds `ga g trdbdimg quh hstàg sgb g `gktrgig ld
grodkfzdïàg (0.4).
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: ^hssgds quh hxhùtda trdbdimg gu dtfvfldlhs rhid`fgkdlds `ga g trdbdimg sgb värfds agldifldlhs, `ga
gu sha rhaukhrdïàg, lh cgrad rhouidr gu thapgrärfd, fkthrafthkth gu sdzgkdi, pgktudi gu d thapg pdr`fdi.
KG\D 2 î sh`ïàg: \rdbdimdlgrh
\rdbdimdlgrhss fkìuha d ohstàg lh tgpg (0.42) h phssgds `ga h sha cukïøhs lh ohstàg.
KG\D 0 î sh`ïàg: G trdbdimg gu dtfvfldlhs rhid`fgkdlds `ga g trdbdimg lhshkvgivflgs sgb g `gktrgig ld grodkfzdïàg
pglhràg shr lhshkvgivflgs pgr trdbdimdlgrhs haprhodlgs phid grodkfzdïàg gu pgr gutrds phssgds, fkìufklg gs
trdbdimdlgrhs lh cgrkh`hlgrhs hxthrkgs, prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs, fklfvfludfs, trdbdimdlgrhs thapgrärfgs h pgr gutrds
phssgds, kd ahlfld ha quh d grodkfzdïàg pdrtfimh g `gktrgig sgbrh g shu trdbdimg gu dtfvfldlhs rhid`fgkdlds `ga g trdbdimg,
lh d`grlg `ga g `gkthxtg ld grodkfzdïàg.
0.< pdrtf`fpdïàg
Hkvgivfahktg kd tgadld lh lh`fsàg.
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: D pdrtf`fpdïàg fkìuf g hkvgivfahktg lh `gafssøhs lh shourdkïd h sdúlh h lh rhprhshktdkths lgs
trdbdimdlgrhs,
trdbdimdlgrhs, qudklg hxfstda.
0.8 `gksuitd
^rgùrd lh pgktgs lh vfstd dkths lh tgadr uad lh`fsàg.
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: D `gksuitd fkìuf g hkvgivfahktg lh `gafssøhs lh shourdkïd h sdúlh h lh rhprhshktdkths lgs
trdbdimdlgrhs,
trdbdimdlgrhs, qudklg hxfstda.
0.3 ig`di lh trdbdimg

Ig`di sgb g `gktrgig ld grodkfzdïàg (0.4), gklh uad phssgd prh`fsd lh hstdr gu lh fr pgr agtfvgs lh
trdbdimg.
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: Ds rhspgksdbfifldlhs ld grodkfzdïàg kg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ (0.44) rhidtfvdahkth dg ig`di lh
trdbdimg lhphklha lg ordu lh `gktrgig sgbrh g ig`di lh trdbdimg.
0.? prhstdlgr lh shrvfïgs

Grodkfzdïàg (0.4) hxthrkd quh cgrkh`h shrvfïgs pdrd d grodkfzdïàg lh d`grlg `ga ds hsph`fcf`dïøhs,
thrags h `gklfïøhs d`grldlds.
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: Phrvfïgs pglhràg fkìufr dtfvfldlhs lh `gkstruïàg, hktrh gutrds.

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 44 lh 84
0.= rhqufsftg
Kh`hssfldlh gu hxph`tdtfvd hxprhssd, ohrdiahkth fapiá`ftd gu gbrfodtðrfd.
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: ’Ohrdiahk th fapiá`ft d‑ sfokfcf`d quh æ mäbftg gu prätf`d `gaua pdrd d grodkfzdïàg (0.4) h pdrd ds pdrths
’Ohrdiahkth
fkthrhssdlds (0.2) quh d kh`hssfldlh gu hxphtdtfvd ha `gksflhrdïàg hsthjd fapiá`ftd.
KG\D 2 î sh`ïàg: Xa rhqufsftg hsph`fcf`dlg æ ua rhqufsftg quh æ hxprhssg, p. hx. ha fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld (0.2<).
0.6 rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs

Rhqufsftgs ihodfs quh uad grodkfzdïàg (0.4) tha quh ùaprfr h gutrgs rhqufsftgs (0.=) quh uad
grodkfzdïàg tha quh gu hs`gimh ùaprfr.
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: ^drd gs cfks lhsth lgùahktg, rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs sàg dquhihs rhihvdkths pdrd g sfsthad
lh ohstàg ld PP\ (0.44).
(0.44).
KG\D 2 î sh`ïàg: ’Rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs‑ fkìuha ds lfspgsfïøhs l gs d`grlgs `gihtfvgs.
KG\D 0 î sh`ïàg: Rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs fkìuha dquhihs quh flhktfcf`da ds phssgds quh sàg gs
rhprhshktdkths lgs trdbdimdlgrhs (0.0) ha `gkcgrafldlh `ga ds ihfs, rhouidahktgs, d`grlgs `gihtfvgs h ds prätf`ds.
0.4> sfsthad lh ohstàg

@gkjuktg lh hihahktgs fkthrrhid`fgkdlgs gu fkthrdtudkths lh uad grodkfzdïàg (0.4) pdrd g
hstdbhih`fahktg lh pgiátf`ds (0.4<) h gbjhtfvgs (0.43) h lh prg`hssgs (0.28) pdrd dtfkofr hsshs gbjhtfvgs.
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: Xa sfsthad lh ohstàg pglh trdtdr uad úkf`d lfs`fpifkd gu lfvhrsds lfs`fpifkds.
KG\D 2 î sh`ïàg: Gs hihahktgs lg sfsthad fkìuha d hstruturd grodkfzd`fgkdi, ds cukïøhs h rhspgksdbfifldlhs, g
pidkhdahktg h d gphrd`fgkdifzdïàg, d dvdifdïàg h d ahimgrfd lg lhshaphkmg.
lhshaphkmg.
KG\D 0 î sh`ïàg: G âabftg lh ua sfsthad lh ohstàg pglhrä fkìufr tgld d grodkfzdïàg, cukïøhs hsph`ácf`ds h flhktfcf`dlds
ld grodkfzdïàg, sh`ïøhs hsph`ácf`ds h flhktfcf`dlds ld grodkfzdïàg, gu uad gu adfs cukïøhs kua orupg lh grodkfzdïøhs.
KG\D < î sh`ïàg: Hsth `gkstftuf ua lgs thrags `gauks h lhcfkfïøhs cukldahktdfs pdrd ds kgrads FPG lh sfsthads lh
0.44 sfsthad lh ohstàg ld shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg

sfsthad lhohstàg
Pfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\
(0.4>) gu pdrth lh ua sfsthad lh ohstàg utfifzdlg pdrd fapihahktdr d pgiátf`d ld PP\
(0.48).
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: Gs rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ sàg prhvhkfr ihsøhs h dchïøhs ld sdúlh (0.4=) dgs
trdbdimdlgrhs (0.0) h prgpgr`fgkdr ig`dfs lh trdbdimg (0.3) shourgs h sdulävhfs.
KG\D 2 î sh`ïàg: Gs thrags "sdúlh h shourdkïd kg trdbdimg" (PP\) h "shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg" (PP\) têa g ahsag
sfokfcf`dlg.
0.42 ohstàg lh tgpg

^hssgd gu orupg lh phssgds quh lfrfoh h `gktrgid uad grodkfzdïàg (0.4) dg adfs ditg kávhi.
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: D ohstàg lh tgpg tha g pglhr lh lhihodr dutgrfldlh h lh prgpgr`fgkdr rhùrsgs kg shfg ld grodkfzdïàg,
adkthklg d rhspgksdbfifldlh cfkdi phig sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ (0.44).
(0.44).
KG\D 2 î sh`ïàg: Ph g âabftg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg (0.4>) dbrdkohr dphkds pdrth lh uad grodkfzdïàg, hktàg d ohstàg lh
tgpg rhchrh-sh îquhihs quh lfrfoha h `gktrgida hssd pdrth ld grodkfzdïàg.
KG\D 0cgrkh`flgs
ohstàg î sh`ïàg: kgHsth `gkstftuf
Dkhxg ua lgs thrags
PI lg Pupihahktg `gauks h lhcfkfïøhs
FPG @gksgifldlg cukldahktdfs
îs Lfrhtfvds pdrd
FPG/FH@, ^drth 4. DdsKgtd
kgrads FPG lhcgfsfsthads
4 î sh`ïàg lh
aglfcf`dld
pdrd hsìdrh`hr d rhspgksdbfifldlh ld ohstàg lh tgpg ha rhidïàg
r hidïàg d ua sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 42 lh 84
0.40 hcf`ä`fd
Ahlfld ha quh ds dtfvfldlhs pidkhdlds sàg rhdifzdlds h dtfkoflgs gs rhsuitdlgs pidkhdlgs.
0.4< pgiátf`d
Fkthkïøhs h grfhktdïàg lh uad grodkfzdïàg (0.4), `gag cgradiahkth hxprhssds phid sud ohstàg lh tgpg
(0.42).
0.48 pgiátf`d ld shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg

pgiátf`d ld PP\
^giátf`d (0.4<) pdrd prhvhkfr ihsøhs h dchïøhs ld sdúlh (0.4=) rhid`fgkdlds `ga g trdbdimg dgs
trdbdimdlgrhs (0.0) h pdrd prgpgr`fgkdr ig`dfs lh trdbdimg (0.3) shourgs h sdulävhfs.
0.43 gbjhtfvg
Rhsuitdlg d dtfkofr.
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: Xa gbjhtfvg pglh shr hstrdtæof`g, tätf`g gu gphrd`fgkdi.
KG\D 2 î sh`ïàg: Gs gbjhtfvgs pglha rhchrfr-sh d lfchrhkths lfs`fpifkds (tdfs `gag gbjhtfvgs cfkdk`hfrgs, lh shourdkïd h
sdúlh h dabfhktdfs) h pglha shr dpif`dlgs d lfchrhkths kávhfs (tdfs `gag hstrdtæof`g, ld grodkfzdïàg, lh prgjhtg, lh prglutg,
lh shrvfïg h lh prg`hssg (0.28)).
KG\D 0 î sh`ïàg: Xa gbjhtfvg pglh shr hxprhssg lh gutrds cgrads, `gag p. hx., ua rhsuitdlg prhthklflg, uad cfkdifldlh,
ua `rftærfg gphrd`fgkdi, ua gbjhtfvg ld PP\ (0.4?)
(0.4?) gu dtrdvæs ld utfifzdïàg lh gutrds pdidvrds `ga sfokfcf`dlg shahimdkth (p.
hx. fkthkïàg, ahtd gu divg).
ohstàg cgrkh`flgs kg Dkhxg PI lg Pupihahktg FPG @gksgifldlg îs Lfrhtfvds FPG/FH@, ^drth 4. D ’Kgtd < î sh`ïàg‑ grfofkdi cgf
hifafkdld ldlg quh g thrag ’Gbjhtfvg ld PP\‑ cgf lhcfkflg shpdrdl dahkth ha 0.4?.
0.4? gbjhtfvg ld shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg

gbjhtfvg ld PP\
Gbjhtfvg (0.43) lhcfkflg phid grodkfzdïàg (0.4) pdrd dtfkofr rhsuitdlgs hsph`ácf`gs, `gksfsthkth `ga d
pgiátf`d ld PP\ (0.48).
(0.48).
0.4= ihsàg h dchïàg ld sdúlh

Hchftg dlvhrsg sgbrh d `gklfïàg cásf`d, ahktdi gu `gokftfvd lh uad phssgd.
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: Hsths hchftgs dlvhrsgs fkìuha lghkïd prgcfssfgkdi, adi-hstdr h agrth.
KG\D 2 î sh`ïàg: G thrag "ihsàg h dchïàg ld sdúlh" fapif`d d prhshkïd lh ihsøhs gu dchïøhs ld sdúlh, shpdrdldahkth gu
ha `gabfkdïàg.
0.46 phrfog
Cgkth `ga pgthk`fdi pdrd prgvg`dr ihsàg h dchïàg ld sdúlh (0.4=).
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: Gs phrfogs pglha fkìufr cgkths `ga g pgthk`fdi lh `dusdr ldkg gu sftudïøhs phrfogsds, gu `frùkstâk`fds
`ga g pgthk`fdi lh hxpgsfïàg quh grfofkha ihsàg h dchïàg ld sdúlh.
0.2> rfs`g
Hchftg ld fk`hrthzd.
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: Xa hchftg æ ua lhsvfg dg hsphrdlg - pgsftfvg gu khodtfvg.

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 40 lh 84
KG\D 2 î sh`ïàg: D fk`hrthzd æ g hstdlg, dfkld quh pdr`fdi, lh lhcf`fêk`fd lh fkcgradïàg, rhid`fgkdlg `ga d `gaprhhksàg
gu `gkmh`fahktg lh ua hvhktg, sud `gkshquêk`fd gu vhrgsfafimdkïd.
KG\D 0 î sh`ïàg: G rfs`g æ crhquhkt hhahkth
ahkth `drd`thrfzdlg pgr rhchrêk`fd d pgthk`fdfs ’hvhktgs‑ (`gag lhcfkflg kg
FPG Oufd ?0:2>>6, 0.8.4.0) h îs ’`gkshquêk`fds‑ dssg`fdlds (FPG Oufd ?0:2>>6, 0.3.4.0), gu d uad `gabfkdïàg lhsths.
’`gkshquêk`fds‑
KG\D < î sh`ïàg: G rfs`g æ crhquhkthahkth hxprhssg ha thrags lh uad `gabfkdïàg lds `gkshquêk`fds lh ua hvhktg
(fkìufklg dithrdïøhs lh `frùkstâk`fds) `ga d ’vhrgsfafimdkïd‑ (`gag lhcfkflg kg FPG Oufd ?0:2>>6, 0.3.4.4) dssg`fdld ld
g`grrêk`fd.
KG\D 8 î sh`ïàg: Khsth lgùahktg, qudklg g thrag "rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs" æ utfifzdlg, tdi sfokfcf`d rfs`gs pdrd d PP\
(0.24), gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d PP\ (0.22)
(0.22) h gutrgs rfs`gs h gutrds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd g sfsthad lh ohstàg.
ohstàg cgrkh`flgs kg Dkhxg PI lg Pupihahktg FPG @gksgifldlg îs Lfrhtfvds FPG/FH@, ^drth 4. D Kgtd 8 î sh`ïàg cgf dlf`fgkdld
pdrd ìdrfcf`dr g thrag ’rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs‑ pdrd sud utfifzdïàg khsth lgùahktg.
0.24 rfs`g pdrd d shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg

rfs`g pdrd d PP\
@gabfkdïàg ld vhrgsfafimdkïd ld g`grrêk`fd lh hvhktg(s) phrfogsg(s) rhid`fgkdlg(s) `ga g trdbdimg
gu hxpgsfïàg(øhs) h d ordvfldlh lds ihsøhs h dchïøhs ld sdúlh (0.4=) quh pglha shr `dusdlgs phig(s)
hvhktg(s) gu phid(s) hxpgsfïàg(øhs).
0.22 gpgrtukfldlh pdrd d shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg

gpgrtukfldlh pdrd d PP\
@frùkstâk`fd gu `gkjuktg lh `frùkstâk`fds quh pglha ihvdr d ahimgrfds kg lhshaphkmg ld PP\
(0.2=).
0.20 `gaphtêk`fd
Dptflàg pdrd dpif`dr `gkmh`fahktgs h sdbhr cdzhr pdrd dtfkofr rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs.
0.2< fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld

Fkcgradïàg rhquhrfld pdrd shr `gktrgidld h adktfld pgr uad grodkfzdïàg (0.4) h g ahfg gklh d
ahsad hstä `gktfld.
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: D fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld pglh hstdr ha qudiquhr cgradtg h ahfg lh supgrth h shr prgvhkfhkth lh
qudiquhr cgkth.
KG\D 2 î sh`ïàg: D fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld pglh rhchrfr-sh:
d) dg sfsthad lh ohstàg (0.4>), fkìufklg prg`hssgs (0.28) rhid`fgkdlg
r hid`fgkdlgs5
s5
b) î fkcgradïàg `rfdld pdrd d gphrd`fgkdifzdïàg ld grodkfzdïàg (pglh shr rhchrfld `gag lgùahktdïàg)5
`) î hvflêk`fd lh rhsuitdlgs dtfkoflgs (pglh shr rhchrfld `gag rhofstgs).

0.28 prg`hssg
@gkjuktg lh dtfvfldlhs fkthrrhid`fgkdlds gu fkthrdtudkths quh trdkscgrada hktrdlds ha sdálds.
0.23 prg`hlfahktg
Aglg hsph`fcf`dlg lh rhdifzdr uad dtfvfldlh gu ua
u a prg`hssg (0.28).

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 4< lh 84
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: Gs prg`hlfahktgs pglhràg shr lgùahktdlgs gu kàg.
UCGK\H: FPG 6>>>:2>48, 0.<.8, aglfcf`dlg - d Kgtd 4 î sh`ïàg cgf aglfcf`dld.Q
0.2? lhshaphkmg
Rhsuitdlg ahksurävhi.
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: G lhshaphkmg pglh rhchrfr-sh d `gkstdtdïøhs qudktftdtfvds gu qudiftdtfvds. Gs rhsuitdlgs pglha shr
lhthrafkdlgs h dvdifdlgs pgr aætglgs qudiftdtfvgs gu qudktftdtfvgs.
KG\D 2 î sh`ïàg: G lhshaphkmg pglh rhchrfr-sh î ohstàg lh dtfvfldlhs, d prg`hssgs (0.28), d prglutgs (fkìufklg shrvfïgs),
d sfsthads gu d grodkfzdïøhs (0.4).
ohstàg cgrkh`flgs kg Dkhxg PI lg Pupihahktg FPG @gksgifldlg îs Lfrhtfvds FPG/FH@,
FPG/FH@, ^drth 4. D Kgtd 4 î sh`ïàg cgf aglfcf`dld
pdrd hsìdrh`hr gs tfpgs lh aætglgs quh pglhràg shr usdlgs pdrd lhthrafkdr h dvdifdr gs rhsuitdlgs.
0.2= lhshaphkmg ld shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg

lhshaphkmg ld PP\
Lhshaphkmg (0.2?) rhidtfvg î hcf`ä`fd (0.40) ld prhvhkïàg lh ihsøhs h dchïøhs ld sdúlh (0.4=) dgs
trdbdimdlgrhs (0.0) h î lfspgkfbfifzdïàg lh ig`dfs lh trdbdimg (0.3) shourgs h sdulävhfs.
0.26 sub`gktrdtdr, vhrbg

Hstdbhih`hr ua d`grlg kg qudi uad grodkfzdïàg (0.4) hxthrkd rhdifzd pdrth ld(s) cukïàg(øhs) gu
prg`hssg(s) (0.28) lh uad grodkfzdïàg.
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: Xad grodkfzdïàg hxthrkd hstä cgrd lg âabftg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg (0.4>), habgrd d cukïàg gu prg`hssg
sub`gktrdtdlg sh hk`gktrh lhktrg lg âabftg.
ohstàg cgrkh`flgs kg Dkhxg PI lg Pupihahktg FPG @gksgifldlg îs Lfrhtfvds FPG/FH@, ^drth 4 .
0.0> agkftgrfzdïàg
Lhthrafkdïàg lg hstdlg lh ua sfsthad, lh ua prg`hssg (0.28) gu lh uad dtfvfldlh.
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: ^drd lhthrafkdr g hstdlg pglhrä mdvhr d kh`hssfldlh lh vhrfcf`dr, suphrvfsfgkdr gu gbshrvdr lh cgrad
`rátf`d.
0.04 ahlfïàg
^rg`hssg (0.28) pdrd lhthrafkdr ua vdigr.
0.02 dulftgrfd
^rg`hssg (0.28) sfsthaätf`g, fklhphklhkth h lgùahktdlg pdrd gbthr hvflêk`fds lh dulftgrfd h
rhsphtfvd dvdifdïàg gbjhtfvd, `ga vfstd d lhthrafkdr ha quh ahlfld gs `rftærfgs ld dulftgrfd sàg
sdtfschftgs.
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: Xad dulftgrfd pglh shr uad dulftgrfd fkthrkd (prfahfrd pdrth) gu uad dulftgrfd hxthrkd (shoukld gu
thr`hfrd pdrth), h pglh shr uad dulftgrfd `gabfkdld (`gabfkdklg luds gu adfs lfs`fpifkds).
KG\D 2 î sh`ïàg: Xad dulftgrfd fkthrkd æ `gkluzfld phid prðprfd grodkfzdïàg (0.4) gu pgr uad hktfldlh hxthrkd ha shu
kgah.
KG\D 0 î sh`ïàg: "Hvflêk`fds lh dulftgrfd" h "`rftærfgs lh dulftgrfd" hstàg lhcfkflgs kd FPG 46>44.

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 48 lh 84
0.00 `gkcgrafldlh
Pdtfscdïàg lh ua rhqufsftg (0.=).
0.0< kàg `gkcgrafldlh

Kàg sdtfscdïàg lh ua rhqufsftg (0.=).
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: Kàg `gkcgrafldlh rhchrh-sh dgs rhqufsftgs lhsth lgùahktg h d rhqufsftgs supihahktdrhs lg sfsthad lh
ohstàg ld PP\ (0.44)
(0.44) quh uad grodkfzdïàg (0.4) hstdbhih`h pdrd sf prðprfd.
pdrd hsìdrh`hr d rhidïàg lds kàg `gkcgrafldlhs `ga gs rhqufsftgs lhsth lgùahktg h `ga gs rhqufsftgs ld grodkfzdïàg pdrd
g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.
0.08 fk`flhkth
G`grrêk`fd lh`grrhkth lg trdbdimg gu kg ùrsg lg ahsag, quh rhsuitd gu pglhrfd rhsuitdr ha ihsàg h
dchïàg ld sdúlh (0.4=).
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: Xa fk`flhkth ha quh g`grrh ihsàg h dchïàg ld sdúlh æ rhchrflg pgr vhzhs `gag ua "d`flhkth".
KG\D 2 î sh`ïàg: Xa fk`flhkth ha quh kàg g`grrh ihsàg h dchïàg ld sdúlh, ads tha g pgthk`fdi pdrd tdi, pglhrä shr
rhchrflg `gag ua qudsh-d`flhkth.
qudsh-d`flhkth.
KG\D 0 î sh`ïàg: Habgrd pgssd mdvhr uad gu adfs kàg `gkcgrafldlhs (0.0<) rhid`fgkdlds `ga ua fk`flhkth, ua fk`flhkth
tdabæa pglh g`grrhr qudklg kàg hxfsth kàg `gkcgrafldlh.
0.03 dïàg `grrhtfvd

Dïàg pdrd hifafkdr d(s) `dusd(s) lh uad kàg `gkcgrafldlh (0.0<) gu lh ua fk`flhkth (0.08) h pdrd
prhvhkfr d sud rh`grrêk`fd.
ohstàg cgrkh`flgs kg Dkhxg PI lg Pupihahktg FPG @gksgifldlg îs Lfrhtfvds FPG/FH@,
FPG/FH@, ^drth 4. D lhcfkfïàg cgf aglfcf`dld pdrd
fkìufr rhchrêk`fd dg "fk`flhkth", uad vhz quh gs fk`flhkths sàg ua cdtgr `mdvh kd shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg, kg hktdktg,
ds dtfvfldlhs kh`hssärfds pdrd rhsgivê-igs sàg ds ahsads pdrd ds kàg `gkcgrafldlhs, dtrdvæs lh dïøhs `grrhtfvds.
0.0? ahimgrfd `gktákud

Dtfvfldlh rh`grrhkth pdrd ahimgrdr g lhshaphkmg (0.2?).
KG\D 4 î sh`ïàg: Ahimgrdr g lhshaphkmg lfz rhsphftg î utfifzdïàg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ (0.44) pdrd dtfkofr
ahimgrfds kg lhshaphkmg oigbdi ld PP\ (0.2=)
(0.2=) `gksfsthkth `ga d pgiátf`d ld PP\ (0.48)
(0.48) h gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ (0.4?).
(0.4?).
KG\D 2 î sh`ïàg: @gktákud kàg sfokfcf`d `gktfkudld (sha fkthrrupïàg), `gkshquhkthahkth kàg æ kh`hssärfg quh d
dtfvfldlh g`grrd sfauitdkhdahkth ha tglds ds ärhds.
pdrd hsìdrh`hr g sfokfcf`dlg lh "lhshaphkmg" kg `gkthxtg lh ua sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\5 d Kgtd 2 î sh`ïàg cgf dlf`fgkdld
pdrd hsìdrh`hr g sfokfcf`dlg lh "`gktákud".

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 43 lh 84
< @gkthxtg ld grodkfzdïàg
<.4 @gaprhhklhr d grodkfzdïàg h g shu `gkthxtg
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh lhthrafkdr ds quhstøhs fkthrkds h hxthrkds quh sàg rhihvdkths pdrd g shu
prgpðsftg h quh dchtda d sud `dpd`fldlh pdrd dtfkofr gs rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs lg shu sfsthad lh
ohstàg ld PP\.
<.2 @gaprhhklhr ds kh`hssfldlhs h ds hxph`tdtfvds lgs trdbdimdlgrhs h lh gutrds pdrths

fkthrhssdlds
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh lhthrafkdr:
d) ds gutrds pdrths fkthrhssdlds, pdrd diæa lgs trdbdimdlgrhs, quh sàg rhihvdkths pdrd g sfsthad lh
ohstàg ld PP\5
b) ds kh`hssfldlhs h hxph`tdtfvds rhihvdkths (f. h. rhqufsftgs) lgs trdbdimdlgrhs h lh gutrds pdrths
fkthrhssdlds5
`) qudfs lhstds kh`hssfldlhs h hxph`tdtfvds sàg, gu pglhràg tgrkdr-sh, rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs
rhqufsftgs.
<.0 Lhthrafkdr g âabftg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\

D grodkfzdïàg lhvh lhthrafkdr gs ifafths h d dpif`dbfifldlh lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ pdrd
hstdbhih`hr g shu âabftg.
Dg lhthrafkdr hsth âabftg, d grodkfzdïàg lhvh:
d) `gksflhrdr ds quhstøhs hxthrkds h fkthrkds rhchrflds ha <.45
b) thr ha `gktd gs rhqufsftgs rhchrflgs ha <.25
`) thr ha `gktd ds dtfvfldlhs rhid`fgkdlds `ga g trdbdimg, pidkhdlds gu rhdifzdlds5
G sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ lhvh fkìufr ds dtfvfldlhs, prglutgs h shrvfïgs sgb `gktrgig gu fkciuêk`fd
ld grodkfzdïàg quh pglha thr fapd`tg kg lhshaphkmg ld PP\ ld grodkfzdïàg.

G âabftg lhvh hstdr lfspgkávhi `gag fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld.
<.< Pfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\

D grodkfzdïàg lhvh hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr, adkthr h ahimgrdr lh cgrad `gktákud ua sfsthad lh
ohstàg ld PP\, fkìufklg gs prg`hssgs kh`hssärfgs h ds suds fkthrdïøhs, lh d`grlg `ga gs rhqufsftgs
lhsth lgùahktg.
8 Iflhrdkïd h pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs

8.4 Iflhrdkïd h `gaprgafssg
D ohstàg lh tgpg lhvh lhagkstrdr iflhrdkïd h `gaprgafssg ha rhidïàg dg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\
dg:
d) dssuafr d rhspgksdbfifldlh h rhspgksdbfifzdïàg oigbdfs phid prhvhkïàg lh ihsøhs h dchïøhs ld sdúlh
rhid`fgkdlds `ga g trdbdimg, dssfa `gag phid lfspgkfbfifzdïàg lh dtfvfldlhs h ig`dfs lh trdbdimg
shourgs h sdulävhfs5

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 4? lh 84
b) dsshourdr quh d pgiátf`d ld PP\ h gs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ dssg`fdlgs, sàg hstdbhih`flgs h sàg
`gapdtávhfs `ga d grfhktdïàg hstrdtæof`d ld grodkfzdïàg5
`) dsshourdr d fkthordïàg lgs rhqufsftgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ kgs prg`hssgs lh khoð`fg ld
grodkfzdïàg5
l) dsshourdr d lfspgkfbfifzdïàg lgs rhùrsgs kh`hssärfgs pdrd hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr, adkthr h
ahimgrdr g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\5
h) `gaukf`dr d fapgrtâk`fd lh uad ohstàg ld PP\ hcf`dz h ld sud `gkcgrafldlh `ga gs rhqufsftgs lg
sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\5
c) dsshourdr quh g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ dtfkoh g(s) shu(s) rhsuitdlg(s) prhthklflg(s)5
o) grfhktdr h dpgfdr ds phssgds pdrd `gktrfbuárha pdrd d hcf`ä`fd lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\5
m) dsshourdr h prgagvhr d ahimgrfd `gktákud5
f) dpgfdr gutrds cukïøhs lh ohstàg rhihvdkths pdrd lhagkstrdrha d sud iflhrdkïd, kd ahlfld dpif`ävhi
îs rhsphtfvds ärhds lh rhspgksdbfifldlh5
j) lhshkvgivhr, iflhrdr h prgagvhr uad ùiturd kd grodkfzdïàg quh supgrth gs rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs
lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\5
e) prgthohr gs trdbdimdlgrhs lh rhprhsäifds dg rhidtdr fk`flhkths, phrfogs, rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs5
i) dsshourdr quh d grodkfzdïàg hstdbhih`h h fapihahktd prg`hssg(s) pdrd `gksuitd h pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs
trdbdimdlgrhs (vhr 8.<)5
a) dpgfdr
dpgfdr g hstdbhih`fahktg h g cuk`fgkdahktg lds `gafssøhs lh shourdkïd h sdúlh Uvhr 8.< h) 4)Q.
KG\D: D rhchrêk`fd d ’khoð`fg‑ khsth lgùahktg pglh shr fkthrprhtdld ha shktflg idtg pdrd rhchrfr dtfvfldlhs kuìhdrhs pdrd gs
prgpðsftgs
prgpðsftgs ld hxfstê
hxfstêk`fd
k`fd ld gro
grodkfzdïàg.
dkfzdïàg.
8.2 ^giátf`d ld PP\

D ohstàg lh tgpg lhvh hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr h adkthr uad pgiátf`d ld PP\, quh:
d) fkìud ua `gaprgafssg pdrd prgpgr`fgkdr `gklfïøhs lh trdbdimg shourds h sdulävhfs pdrd d
prhvhkïàg lh ihsøhs h dchïøhs ld sdúlh rhid`fgkdlds `ga g trdbdimg h quh æ dprgprfdld dg
prgpðsftg, î lfahksàg h dg `gkthxtg ld grodkfzdïàg h î kdturhzd hsph`ácf`d lgs shus rfs`gs pdrd d
PP\ h gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d PP\5
b) prgpgr`fgkh ua hkqudlrdahktg pdrd d lhcfkfïàg lgs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\5
`) fkìud ua `gaprgafssg pdrd ùaprfahktg lgs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs5
l) fkìud ua `gaprgafssg pdrd hifafkdr phrfogs h rhluzfr gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ (vhr =.4.2)
=.4.2)55
h) fkìud ua `gaprgafssg pdrd d ahimgrfd `gktákud lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\5
c) fkìud ua `gaprgafssg pdrd d `gksuitd h pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs, h qudklg hxfstda, lgs
rhprhshktdkths lgs trdbdimdlgrhs.
D pgiátf`d ld PP\ lhvh:
 hstdr lfspgkávhi `gag fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld5
 shr `gaukf`dld lhktrg ld grodkfzdïàg5
 hstdr lfspgkávhi pdrd ds pdrths fkthrhssdlds, `gag dprgprfdlg5

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 4= lh 84
 shr rhihvdkth h dprgprfdld.
8.0 Cukïøhs, rhspgksdbfifldlhs h dutgrfldlhs grodkfzd`fgkdfs

D ohstàg lh tgpg lhvh dsshourdr quh ds rhspgksdbfifldlhs h dutgrfldlhs pdrd cukïøhs rhihvdkths
lhktrg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ sàg dtrfbuálds h `gaukf`dlds d tglgs gs kávhfs lhktrg ld
grodkfzdïàg h adktflds `gag fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld. Gs trdbdimdlgrhs d `dld kávhi ld grodkfzdïàg
lhvha dssuafr d rhspgksdbfifldlh phigs dsphtgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ sgbrh gs qudfs têa
`gktrgig.
KG\D: Habgrd d rhspgksdbfifldlh h d dutgrfldlh pgssda shr dtrfbuálds, d ohstàg lh tgpg `gktfkud rhspgksdbfifzdld phig
cuk`fgkdahktg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.
D ohstàg lh tgpg lhvh
l hvh dtrfbufr d rhspgksdbfifldlh h d dutgrfldlh pdrd:
d) dsshourdr quh g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ hstä ha `gkcgrafldlh `ga gs rhqufsftgs lhsth
lgùahktg5
b) rhpgrtdr î ohstàg lh tgpg g lhshaphkmg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.
8.< @gksuitd h pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs

D grodkfzdïàg lhvh hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr h adkthr (ua) prg`hssg(s) pdrd `gksuitd h pdrtf`fpdïàg
lgs trdbdimdlgrhs d tglgs gs kávhfs h cukïøhs dpif`ävhfs h, qudklg hxfstda, lgs rhprhshktdkths lgs
trdbdimdlgrhs kg lhshkvgivfahktg, pidkhdahktg, fapihahktdïàg, dvdifdïàg lg lhshaphkmg h dïøhs
pdrd d ahimgrfd lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh:
d) prgpgr`fgkdr ah`dkfsags, thapg, cgradïàg h gs rhùrsgs kh`hssärfgs pdrd d `gksuitd h d
pdrtf`fpdïàg5
KG\D 4: D
4: D rhprhshktdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs
trdbdimdlgrhs pglh shr ua ah`dkfsag pdrd d `gksuitd h d pdrtf`fpdïàg.
b) prgpgr`fgkdr, ha thapg útfi, fkcgradïøhs ìdrds, `gaprhhksávhfs h rhihvdkths sgbrh g sfsthad lh
ohstàg ld PP\5
`) lhthrafkdr h rhagvhr gbstäùigs gu bdrrhfrds î pdrtf`fpdïàg h afkfafzdr dquhihs quh kàg pglha
shr rhagvflgs5
KG\D 2:
2: Gs gbstäùigs h bdrrhfrds pglha fkìufr cditd lh rhspgstd d `gktrfbufïøhs gu suohstøhs lgs trdbdimdlgrhs,
bdrrhfrds ifkouástf`ds gu lh ifthrd`fd, rhprhsäifds gu dahdïds lh rhprhsäifds h pgiátf`ds gu prätf`ds quh lhshk`grdjda gu
sdk`fgkda d pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs.
l) hkcdtfzdr d `gksuitd lgs trdbdimdlgrhs sha cukïøhs lh ohstàg, kg shoufkth:
4) lhthrafkdïàg lds kh`hssfldlhs h hxph`tdtfvds lds pdrths fkthr
fkthrhssdlds
hssdlds (vhr <.2)5
2) hstdbhih`fahktg ld pgiátf`d ld PP\ (vhr 8.2)5
0) dtrfbufïàg lh cukïøhs, rhspgksdbfifldlhs h dutgrfldlhs grodkfzd`fgkdfs, `gag dpif`ävhi (vhr
8.0)5
<) lhthrafkdïàg lh `gag ùaprfr gs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs (vhr 3.4.0)5
8) hstdbhih`fahktg lgs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ h pidkhdahktg pdrd gs dtfkofr (vhr 3.2)5
3) lhthrafkdïàg lgs `gktrgigs dpif`ävhfs î sub`gktrdtdïàg, dg prg`hssg lh dqufsfïøhs h dgs
prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs (vhr =.4.<)5
?) lhthrafkdïàg lg quh kh`hssftd shr agkftgrfzdlg, ahlflg h dvdifdlg (vhr 6.4)5

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 46 lh 84
=) pidkhdahktg, hstdbhih`fahktg, fapihahktd
fapihahktdïàg
ïàg h adkuthkïàg lh (ua) prgordad (s) lh dulftgrfd
(vhr 6.2.2)5
6) dsshourdklg d ahimgrfd `gktákud (vhr 4>.0)5
h) hkcdtfzdr d pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs sha cukïøhs lh ohstàg kg shoufkth:
4) lhthrafkdïàg lgs ah`dkfsags pdrd d sud pdrtf`fpdïàg h `gksuitd5
2) flhktfcf`dïàg lgs phrfogs h dprh`fdr gs rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs (vhr 3.4.4 h 3.4.2)5
0) lhthrafkdïàg lds dïøhs pdrd hifafkdr gs phrfogs h rhluzfr gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ (vhr 3.4.<)5
<) flhktfcf`dïàg lgs rhqufsftgs lh `gaphtêk`fd, lds kh`hssfldlhs lh cgradïàg, ld cgradïàg h ld
dvdifdïàg ld cgradïàg (vhr ?.2)5
8) lhthrafkdïàg ld fkcgradïàg quh kh`hssftd shr `gaukf`dld
`gaukf`dld h `gag cdzê-ig (vhr ?.<)5
3) lhthrafkdïàg lds ahlflds lh `gktrgig h sud hchtfvd fapihahktdïàg h utfifzdïàg (vhr =.4, =.4.0 h
=.2)5
?) fkvhstfodïàg lgs fk`flhkths h kàg `gkcgrafldlhs h lhthrafkdïàg

lhthrafkdïàg lds dïøhs `grrhtfvds (vhr 4>.2)5
KG\D 0: Hkcdtfzdr
0: Hkcdtfzdr d `gksuitd h d pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs sha cukïøhs lh ohstàg lhstfkd-sh d fkìufr ds phssgds quh
rhdifzda dtfvfldlhs lh trdbdimg, ads kàg prhthklh hxìufr, p. hx. gs ohstgrhs quh sàg dchtdlgs pgr dtfvfldlhs lh trdbdimg gu
gutrgs cdtgrhs kd grodkfzdïàg.
KG\D <: Rh`gkmh`h-sh
<: Rh`gkmh`h-sh quh d lfspgkfbfifzdïàg lh cgradïàg sha ùstg
` ustg pdrd gs trdbdimdlgrhs h d lfspgkfbfifzdïàg ld cgradïàg
lurdkth g mgrärfg lh trdbdimg, shaprh quh pgssávhi, pglha rhagvhr bdrrhfrds sfokfcf`dtfvds î pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs.
3 îdkhdahktg
3.4 Dïøhs pdrd trdtdr rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs
3.4.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs
Dg pidkhdr g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\, d grodkfzdïàg lhvh `gksflhrdr ds quhstøhs rhchrflds ha <.4
(`gkthxtg), gs rhqufsftgs rhchrflgs ha <.2 (pdrths fkthrhssdlds) h ha <.0 (g âabftg lg shu sfsthad lh
ohstàg ld PP\) h lhthrafkdr
lht hrafkdr gs rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs quh kh`hssftda lh shr trdtdlgs pdrd:
d) odrdktfr quh g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ pglh dtfkofr gs shus rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs5
b) prhvhkfr, gu rhluzfr, hchftgs fklhshjdlgs5
`) dtfkofr d ahimgrfd `gktákud.
Dg lhthrafkdr gs rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ h pdrd gs shus rhsuitdlgs
prhthklflgs quh kh`hssftda lh shr trdtdlgs, d grodkfzdïàg lhvh thr ha `gktd:
 gs phrfogs (vhr 3.4.2.4)5
 gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ h gutrgs rfs`gs (vhr 3.4.2.2)5
 ds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d PP\ h gutrds gpgrtukfldlhs (vhr 3.4.2.0)5
 gs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs (vhr 3.4.0)5
D grodkfzdïàg, kg(s) shu(s) prg`hssg(s) lh pidkhdahktg, lhvh lhthrafkdr h dprh`fdr gs rfs`gs h

gpgrtukfldlhs quh sàg rhihvdkths pdrd gs rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\
dssg`fdlgs d dithrdïøhs kd grodkfzdïàg, kgs shus prg`hssgs, gu kg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\. Kg `dsg lh

K^ FPG <8>>4
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dithrdïøhs pidkhdlds, phradkhkths gu thapgrärfds, hssd dprh`fdïàg lhvh shr rhdifzdld dkths ld
dithrdïàg shr fapihahktdld (vhr =.4.0).
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh adkthr fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld sgbrh:
 gs rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs5
 g(s) prg`hssg(s) h dïøhs kh`hssärfgs pdrd lhthrafkdr h trdtdr gs shus rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs (vhr
3.4.2 d 3.4.<) kd hxthksàg kh`hssärfd pdrd thr `gkcfdkïd lh quh sàg rhdifzdlgs `gag pidkhdlg.
3.4.2 Flhktfcf`dïàg lgs phrfogs h dprh`fdïàg lgs rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs
3.4.2.4 Flhktfcf`dïàg lgs phrfogs

D grodkfzdïàg lhvh hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr h adkthr ua gu adfs prg`hssgs pdrd d flhktfcf`dïàg lgs
phrfogs quh shjd `gktákud h prgdtfvd. G(s) prg`hssg(s) lhvh(a) thr ha `gktd, ads kàg sh ifaftdr d:
d) `gag g trdbdimg æ grodkfzdlg, dgs cdtgrhs sg`fdfs (fkìufklg d `drod lh trdbdimg, mgrds lh trdbdimg,
vftfafzdïàg, dssælfg h fktfafldïàg (’ buiiyfko‑)*) iflhrdkïd h d ùiturd ld grodkfzdïàg5
b) dtfvfldlhs h sftudïøhs lh rgtfkd h kàg-rgtfkd, fkìufklg gs phrfogs lh`grrhkths lh:
4) fkcrdhstruturds, hqufpdahktgs, adthrfdfs, substâk
substâk`fds
`fds h `gklfïøhs cásf`ds lg ig`di lh trdbdimg5
2) lhsfok, fkvhstfodïàg, lhshkvgivfahktg, hksdfg, prgluïàg, agktdoha, `gkstruïàg, prhstdïàg lh
shrvfïgs/cgrkh`fahktg, adkuthkïàg h hifafkdïàg lh prglutgs h shrvfïgs5
0) cdtgrhs muadkgs5
<) `gag g trdbdimg æ rhdifzdlg5
`) fk`flhkths rhihvdkths pdssdlgs, fkthrkgs gu hxthrkgs î grodkfzdïàg, fkìufklg hahroêk`fds, h
rhsphtfvds `dusds5
l) sftudïøhs lh hahroêk`fd pgthk`fdfs5
h) phssgds, fkìufklg d `gksflhrdïàg:
4) lds quh têa lh

prhstdlgrhs d`hssg dg ig`di
shrvfïgs, lh trdbdimg
vfsftdkths h lds
h gutrds rhsphtfvds dtfvfldlhs, fkìufklg gs trdbdimdlgrhs,
phssgds5
2) ds quh, phid prgxfafldlh lg ig`di lh trdbdimg, pgl
pglha
ha shr dchtdlds phids dtfvfldlhs ld
grodkfzdïàg5
0) lgs trdbdimdlgrhs kua ig`di quh kàg hstä sgb g `gktrgig lfrhtg ld grodkf
grodkfzdïàg5
zdïàg5
c) gutrds quhstøhs, fkìufklg d `gksflhrdïàg:
4) ld `gk`hïàg lg lgss ig`dfs lh trdbdimg, prg`hssgs, fkstdidïøhs, aäqufkds/hqufpdahktgs,
prg`hlfahktgs gphrd`fgkdfs h grodkfzdïàg lg trdbdimg, fkìufklg d sud dldptdïàg îs
kh`hssfldlhs h `dpd`fldlhs lgs trdbdimdlgrhs hkvgivflgs5
*)
G thrag ’buiiyfko‑ rhchrh-sh d `gapgrtdahktgs gchksfvgs h rhphtflgs, lfrfoflgs d ua trdbdimdlgr gu orupg lh
trdbdimdlgrhs, `ga g gbjhtfvg lh `gkstrdkohr, vftfafzdr, muafimdr, prhjulf`dr gu dahdïdr d(s) phssgd(s) vfsdld(s), pglhklg
shr rhdifzdlgs pgr ua gu adfs `gihods, suphrfgrhs mfhrärquf`gs, subgrlfkdlgs gu gutrds pdrths fkthrhssdlds. G ’ buiiyfko‑
pglh hkvgivhr vfgiêk`fd (cásf`d, vhrbdi gu psf`giðof`d), fktfafldïàg, dssælfg, fsgidahktg cásf`g gu sg`fdi (kgtd kd`fgkdi).

K^ FPG <8>>4
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2) lds sftudïøhs quh g`grrha kd prgxfafldlh lg ig`di lh trdbdimg `dusdlds pgr dtfvfldlhs
rhid`fgkdlds `ga g trdbdimg sgb g `gktrgig ld grodkfzdïàg5
0) lds sftudïøhs kàg `gktrgidlds phid grodkfzdïàg h quh g`grrha kd prgxfafldlh lg ig`di lh
trdbdimg quh pglha `dusdr ihsøhs h/gu dchïøhs ld sdúlh îs phssgds kg ig`di lh trdbdimg5
o) dithrdïøhs dtudfs gu prgpgstds kd grodkfzdïàg, kds gphrdïøhs, kgs prg`hssgs, kds dtfvfldlhs h kg
sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ (vhr =.4.0)5
m) dithrdïøhs kg `gkmh`fahktg sgbrh gs phrfogs h fkcgradïøhs sgbrh gs ahsags5
3.4.2.2 Dprh`fdïàg lgs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ h gutrgs rfs`gs pdrd g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr h adkthr ua gu adfs prg`hssgs pdrd:
d) dprh`fdr gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ rhsuitdkths lgs phrfogs flhktfcf`dlgs, thklg ha `gktd d hcf`ä`fd lgs
`gktrgigs hxfsthkths5
b) lhthrafkdr h dprh`fdr gs gutrgs rfs`gs rhid`fgkdlgs `ga g hstdbhih`fahktg, fapihahktdïàg,
gphrdïàg h adkuthkïàg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.

D(s) ahtglgigofd(s) ld grodkfzdïàg h gs `rftærfgs pdrd d dprh`fdïàg lgs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ lhvha shr
lhcfkflgs rhidtfvdahkth dg shu âabftg, kdturhzd h agahktg lh dpif`dïàg, pdrd dsshourdr quh sàg
prgd`tfvgs h kàg rhdtfvgs h utfifzdlgs lh ua aglg sfsthaätf`g. Hstds ahtglgigofds h `rftærfgs lhvha
shr adktflgs h rhtflgs `gag fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld.
lg ùahktdld.
3.4.2.0 Dprh`fdïàg lds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d PP\ h gutrds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd g sfsthad lh
ohstàg ld PP\
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr h adkthr ua gu adfs prg`hssgs pdrd dprh`fdr:
d) ds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d PP\ vfsdklg d ahimgrfd lg lhshaphkmg ld PP\, thklg ha `gktd ds
dithrdïøhs pidkhdlds kd grodkfzdïàg, kds suds pgiátf`ds, prg`hssgs gu dtfvfldlhs h:
4) ds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd dldptdr g trdbdimg, d grodkfzdïàg lg trdbdimg h g dabfhkth lh trdbdimg
dgs trdbdimdlgrhs5
2) ds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd hifafkdr gs phrfogs h rhluzfr rfs`gs pdrd d PP\5
b) gutrds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd ahimgrdr g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.
KG\D: Gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ h ds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d PP\ pglha rhsuitdr kgutrgs rfs`gs h kgutrds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d
grodkfzdïàg.
3.4.0 Lhthrafkdïàg lgs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs

D grodkfzdïàg lhvh hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr h adkthr ua gu adfs prg`hssgs pdrd:
d) lhthrafkdr h thr d`hssg d rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs, dtudifzdlgs, dpif`ävhfs dgs shus
phrfogs, rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ h sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\5
b) lhthrafkdr `gag hsshs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs sh dpif`da î grodkfzdïàg h qudfs
kh`hssftda shr `gaukf`dlgs5
`) thr hsshs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs ha `gksflhrdïàg kg hstdbhih`fahktg, fapihahktdïàg,
adkuthkïàg h ahimgrfd `gktfkud lg shu sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh adkthr h rhthr fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld sgbrh gs shus rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs
rhqufsftgs h lhvh dsshourdr quh sàg dtudifzdlgs pdrd rhcihtfr qudfsquhr dithrdïøhs.

K^ FPG <8>>4
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KG\D: Gs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs pglha rhsuitdr ha rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d grodkfzdïàg.
3.4.< îdkhdahktg lh dïøhs

D grodkfzdïàg lhvh pidkhdr:
d) dïøhs pdrd:
4) trdtdr hsshs rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs (vhr 3.4.2.2 h 3.4.2.0)5
2) trdtdr rhqufsftgs ih
ihodfs
odfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs (vhr 3.4.0)5
0) prhpdrdr h rhspgklhr d sftudïøhs lh hahroêk
hahroêk`fd
`fd (vhr =.2)5
b) g aglg lh:
4) fkthordr h fapihahktdr ds dïøhs kgs prg`hssgs lg shu sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ gu gutrgs
prg`hssgs lg khoð`fg5
2) dvdifdr d hcf`ä`fd lhssds dïøhs.
D grodkfzdïàg
ld lhvhdg
PP\ (vhr 4>.2.2) thrpidkhdr
ha `gktd
ds ddïøhs
mfhrdrqufd lgs `gktrgigs (vhr =.4.2) h ds sdálds lg sfsthad lh ohstàg
d lhshkvgivhr.
Dg pidkhdr ds suds dïøhs, d grodkfzdïàg lhvh `gksflhrdr ds bgds prätf`ds, gpïøhs th`kgiðof`ds h gs
rhqufsftgs cfkdk`hfrgs, gphrd`fgkdfs h lg khoð`fg.
3.2 Gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ h pidkhdahktg pdrd gs dtfkofr
3.2.4 Gbjhtfvgs ld PP\

D grodkfzdïàg lhvh hstdbhih`hr gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ pdrd ds cukïøhs h kávhfs rhihvdkths, pdrd adkthr h
ahimgrdr `gktfkudahkth g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ h g lhshaphkmg ld PP\ (vhr 4>.0).
Gs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ lhvha:
d) shr `gksfsthkths `ga d pgiátf`d ld PP\5

b) shr ahksurävhfs (sh prdtf`ävhi) gu pdssávhfs lh dvdifdïàg lg lhshaphkmg5
`) thr ha `gktd:
4) gs rhqufsftgs dpif`ävhfs5
2) gs rhsuitdlgs ld dprh`fdïàg lgs rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs (vhr 3.4.2.2 h 3.4.2.0)5
0) gs rhsuitdlgs ld `gksuitd dgs trdbdimdlgrhs (vhr 8.<), h qudklg hxfstda, dgs rhprhshktdkths lgs
trdbdimdlgrhs5
l) shr agkftgrfzdlgs5
h) shr `gaukf`dlgs5
c) shr dtudifzdlgs `gag dprgprfdlg.
3.2.2 îdkhdahktg pdrd dtfkofr gs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\
Dg pidkhdr `gag dtfkofr gs shus gbjhtfvgs ld PP\, d grodkfzdïàg lhvh lhthrafkdr:

d) g quh shrä rhdifzdlg5
b) quh rhùrsgs shràg kh`hssärfgs5

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 20 lh 84
`) quha shrä rhspgksävhi5
l) qudklg shrä `gkìuálg5

h) `gag shràg dvdifdlgs gs rhsuitdlgs, fkìufklg fklf`dlgrhs pdrd agkftgrfzdïàg5
c) `gag ds dïøhs lhstfkdlds d dtfkofr gs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ shràg fkthordlds kgs prg`hssgs lg khoð`fg
ld grodkfzdïàg.
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh adkthr h rhthr fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld d rhsphftg lgs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ h lgs
pidkgs pdrd gs dtfkofr.
? Pupgrth
?.4 Rhùrsgs
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh lhthrafkdr h prgpgr`fgkdr gs rhùrsgs kh`hssärfgs pdrd g hstdbhih`fahktg,
fapihahktdïàg, adkuthkïàg h ahimgrfd `gktákud lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.
?.2 @gaphtêk`fds
d) lhthrafkdr ds `gaphtêk`fds kh`hssärfds lgs trdbdimdlgrhs quh dchtda gu pglha dchtdr g shu
lhshaphkmg ld PP\5
b) dsshourdr quh gs trdbdimdlgrhs sàg `gaphthkths (fkìufklg d `dpd`fldlh pdrd flhktfcf`dr phrfogs)
`ga bdsh kd hs`gidrfldlh, cgradïàg gu hxphrfêk`fd dprgprfdlds5
`) qudklg dpif`ävhi, lhshkvgivhr dïøhs pdrd dlqufrfr h adkthr ds `gaphtêk`fds kh`hssärfds h dvdifdr d
hcf`ä`fd lds dïøhs lhshkvgivflds5
l) rhthr fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld dprgprfdld `gag hvflêk`fd lds `gaphtêk`fds.
KG\D: Ds dïøhs dpif`ävhfs pglha fkìufr, pgr hxhapig, prgpgr`fgkdr d cgradïàg, d grfhktdïàg, gu d rhdch`tdïàg lds phssgds
dtudiahkth haprhodlds,
haprhodlds, gu g rh`rutdahktg gu d `gktrdtdïàg lh phssgds `gaphthkths.
`gaphthkths.
?.0 @gks`fhk`fdifzdïàg
Gs trdbdimdlgrhs lhvha shr `gks`fhk`fdifzdlgs sgbrh:
d) d pgiátf`d ld PP\ h gs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\5
b) g shu `gktrfbutg pdrd d hcf`ä`fd lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\, fkìufklg gs bhkhcá`fgs lh ua ahimgr
lhshaphkmg ld PP\5
`) ds fapif`dïøhs h pgthk`fdfs `gkshquêk`fds ld kàg `gkcgrafldlh `ga gs rhqufsftgs lg sfsthad lh
ohstàg ld PP\5
l) gs fk`flhkths h gs rhsuitdlgs lds rhsphtfvds fkvhstfodïøhs quh shjda rhihvdkths pdrd gs ahsags5
h) gs phrfogs, rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ h dïøhs lhcfkflds quh shjda rhihvdkths pdrd gs ahsags5
c) d `dpd`fldlh lh sh rhtfrdrha lds sftudïøhs lh trdbdimg quh `gksflhrha `gkstftufr ua phrfog ordvh
h fafkhkth pdrd d sud vfld gu sdúlh, bha `gag gs ah`dkfsags pdrd gs prgthohr lh `gkshquêk`fds
fklhvflds dg cdzê-ig.

K^ FPG <8>>4
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p. 2< lh 84
?.< @gaukf`dïàg
?.<.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr h adkthr ua gu adfs prg`hssgs kh`hssärfgs pdrd ds
`gaukf`dïøhs fkthrkd h hxthrkd rhihvdkths pdrd g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\, fkìufklg lhthrafkdr:
d) g quh `gaukf`dr5
b) qudklg `gaukf`dr5
`) `ga quha `gaukf`dr:
4) d kávhi fkthrkg hktrh gs värfgs kávhfs h cukïøhs ld grodkfzdïàg5
grodkfzdïàg5
2) hktrh prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs h vfsftdkths lg ig`di lh trdb
trdbdimg5
dimg5
0) hktrh gutrds pdrths fkthrhssdlds5
l) `gag `gaukf`dr.
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh thr ha `gktd dsphtgs lh lfvhrsfldlh (p. hx. oækhrg, iákoud, ùiturd, ifthrd`fd,
lhcf`fêk`fd) dg `gksflhrdr ds suds kh`hssfldlhs lh `gaukf`dïàg.
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh dsshourdr quh gs pgktgs lh vfstd lds pdrths fkthrhssdlds hxthrkds sàg
`gksflhrdlgs dg hstdbhih`hr g(s) shu(s) prg`hssg(s) lh `gaukf`dïàg.
`g aukf`dïàg.
Dg hstdbhih`hr g (s) shu(s) prg`hssg (s) lh `gaukf`dïàg, d grodkfzdïàg lhvh:
 thr ha `gktd gs shus rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs5
 dsshourdr quh ds fkcgradïøhs sgbrh d PP\ d `gaukf`dr sàg `gksfsthkths `ga ds fkcgradïøhs
ohrdlds kg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ h sàg cfävhfs.
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh rhspgklhr îs `gaukf`dïøhs rhihvdkths d`hr`d lg shu sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh rhthr d fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld `gag hvflêk`fd lds suds `gaukf`dïøhs, `gag
dprgprfdlg.
?.<.2 @gaukf`dïàg fkthrkd

d) `gaukf`dr fkthrkdahkth ds fkcgradïøhs rhihvdkths pdrd g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ hktrh gs värfgs
kávhfs h cukïøhs ld grodkfzdïàg, fkìufklg ds dithrdïøhs dg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\, `gag
dprgprfdlg5
b) dsshourdr quh g(s) shu(s) prg`hssg(s) lh `gaukf`dïàg phrafth(a) dgs trdbdimdlgrhs `gktrfbufr
pdrd d ahimgrfd `gktákud.
?.<.0 @gaukf`dïàg hxthrkd

D grodkfzdïàg lhvh `gaukf`dr hxthrkdahkth fkcgradïàg rhihvdkth pdrd g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\,
`gag hstdbhih`flg phig(s) prg`hssg(s) lh `gaukf`dïàg ld grodkfzdïàg h thklg ha `gktd gs shus
rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs.

K^ FPG <8>>4
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?.8 Fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld
?.8.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs
G sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ ld grodkfzdïàg lhvh fkìufr:
d) d fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld rhquhrfld phig prhshkth lgùahktg5
b) d fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld lhthrafkdld phid grodkfzdïàg `gag shklg kh`hssärfd pdrd d hcf`ä`fd lg
sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.
KG\D: D hxthksàg ld fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld pdrd ua sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ pglh lfchrfr lh uad grodkfzdïàg pdrd
gutrd, lhvflg î:
 lfahksàg ld grodkfzdïàg h tfpg lh dtfvfldlhs, prg`hssgs,
prg`hssgs, prglutgs h shrvfïgs5
 kh`hssfldlh lh lhagkstrdr g ùaprfahktg lgs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs5
 `gapihxfldlh lgs prg`hssgs h suds fkthrdïøhs5
 `gaphtêk`fd lgs trdbdimdlgrhs.
trdbdimdlgrhs.
?.8.2 @rfdïàg h dtudifzdïàg

Dg `rfdr h dtudifzdr fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld, d grodkfzdïàg lhvh dsshourdr d dlhqudld:
d) flhktfcf`dïàg h lhs`rfïàg (p. hx. ua tátuig, ldtd, dutgr, gu kúahrg lh rhchrêk`fd)5
b) cgradtg (p. hx. iákoud, vhrsàg lg sgctwdrh, dsphtg oräcf`g) h supgrth (p. hx., pdphi, hihtrðkf`g)5
`) rhvfsàg h dprgvdïàg, ha thrags lh phrtfkêk`fd h dlhqudïàg.
?.8.0 @gktrgig ld fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld

D fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld rhquhrfld phig sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ h pgr hsth lgùahktg lhvh shr
`gktrgidld lh aglg d dsshourdr:
d) d sud lfspgkfbfifldlh h phrtfkêk`fd pdrd utfifzdïàg gklh h qudklg cgr
c gr kh`hssärfd5
b) d sud prgthïàg dlhqudld (p. hx. phrld lh `gkcflhk`fdifldlh, utfifzdïàg fklhvfld gu phrld lh
fkthorfldlh).
^drd g `gktrgig ld fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld, d grodkfzdïàg lhvh trdtdr ds shoufkths dtfvfldlhs, `gag
dpif`ävhi:
 lfstrfbufïàg, d`hssg, rhùphrdïàg h utfifzdïàg5
 dradzhkdahktg h `gkshrvdïàg, fkìufklg prhshrvdïàg ld ihofbfifldlh5
 `gktrgig lh dithrdïøhs (p. hx. `gktrgig lh vhrsøhs)5
 rhthkïàg h hifafkdïàg5
D fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld lh grfoha hxthrkd lhcfkfld phid grodkfzdïàg `gag shklg kh`hssärfd pdrd
g pidkhdahktg h d gphrd`fgkdifzdïàg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ lhvh shr flhktfcf`dld, `gag
dprgprfdlg, h `gktrgidld.
KG\D 4: G d`hssg pglh fapif`dr uad lh`fsàg d rhsphftg ld dutgrfzdïàg dphkds pdrd `gksuitdr d fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld,
gu ld phrafssàg h dutgrfldlh pdrd `gksuitdr h dithrdr d fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld.
KG\D 2: G d`hssg î fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld rhihvdkth fkìuf g d`hssg phigs trdbdimdlgrhs h, qudklg hxfstda, phigs
rhprhshktdkths lgs trdbdimdlgrhs.

K^ FPG <8>>4
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p. 23 lh 84
= Gphrd`fgkdifzdïàg
=.4 îdkhdahktg h `gktrgig gphrd`fgkdi
=.4.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh pidkhdr, fapihahktdr, `gktrgidr h adkthr gs prg`hssgs kh`hssärfgs pdrd ùaprfr
gs rhqufsftgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld
l d PP\ h pdrd fapihahktdr ds dïøhs lhthrafkdlds kd Ph`ïàg 3, dg:
d) hstdbhih`hr `rftærfgs pdrd gs prg`hssgs5
b) fapihahktdr g `gktrgig lgs prg`hssgs lh d`grlg `ga gs `rftærfgs5
`) adkthr h rhthr d fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld kd hxthksàg kh`hssärfd pdrd dsshourdr quh gs prg`hssgs
sàg rhdifzdlgs `gag pidkhdlg5
l) dldptdr g trdbdimg dgs trdbdimdlgrhs.
Ha ig`dfs lh trdbdimg `ga värfgs haprhodlgrhs, d grodkfzdïàg lhvh `ggrlhkdr ds pdrths rhihvdkths lg
sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ `ga ds gutrds grodkfzdïøhs.
=.4.2 Hifafkdïàg lgs phrfogs h rhluïàg lgs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr h adkthr ua gu adfs prg`hssgs pdrd hifafkdr gs phrfogs
h rhluzfr gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ utfifzdklg d shoufkth mfhrdrqufd lgs `gktrgigs:
d) hifafkdr g phrfog5
b) substftufr pgr prg`hssgs, gphrdïøhs, adthrfdfs gu hqufpdahktgs ahkgs phrfogsgs5
`) utfifzdr gs `gktrgigs lh hkohkmdrfd h rhgrodkfzdïàg lg trdbdimg5
l) utfifzdr `gktrgigs dlafkfstrdtfvgs, fkìufklg d cgradïàg5
h) utfifzdr gs hqufpdahktgs lh prgthïàg fklfvfludi dlhqudlgs.
KG\D: Ha auftgs pdáshs, gs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs fkìuha g cgrkh`fahktg ordtuftg lgs hqufpdahktgs lh
prgthïàg fklfvfludi (H^F) dgs trdbdimdlgrhs.
trdbdimdlgrhs.
=.4.0 Ohstàg lds dithrdïøhs

D grodkfzdïàg lhvh hstdbhih`hr ua gu adfs prg`hssgs pdrd d fapihahktdïàg h `gktrgig lds dithrdïøhs
pidkhdlds, thapgrärfds h phradkhkths, quh thkmda fapd`tg kg lhshaphkmg ld PP\,
P P\, fkìufklg:
d) Kgvgs prglutgs, shrvfïgs h prg`hssgs gu dithrdïøhs kgs prglutgs, prg`hssgs gu shrvfïgs hxfsthkths,
fkìufklg:
 ig`difzdïàg h hkvgivhkth lg ig`di lh trdbdimg5
 grodkfzdïàg lg trdbdimg5
 `gklfïøhs lh trdbdimg5
 hqufpdahktgs5
 cgrïd lh trdbdimg5
b) dithrdïøhs kgs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs5
`) dithrdïøhs kg `gkmh`fahktg gu fkcgradïàg sgbrh gs phrfogs h gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\5

K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 2? lh 84
l) hvgiuïàg lg `gkmh`fahktg h ld th`kgigofd.
D
dsgrodkfzdïàg lhvh rhvhr
dïøhs pdrd aftfodr ds `gkshquêk`fds
qudfsquhr lds dithrdïøhs kàg lhshjdlds h, sh kh`hssärfg, lhshkvgivhr
hchftgs dlvhrsgs.
KG\D: Ds dithrdïøhs pglha rhsuitdr ha rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs.
=.4.< ^rg`hssg lh dqufsfïøhs
=.4.<.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr h adkthr ua gu adfs prg`hssgs pdrd `gktrgidr g
prg`hssg lh dqufsfïøhs lh prglutgs h shrvfïgs lh aglg d dsshourdr d sud `gkcgrafldlh `ga g shu
=.4.<.2 ^rhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs

D grodkfzdïàg lhvh `ggrlhkdr g(s) shu(s) prg`hssg(s) lh dqufsfïøhs `ga gs shus prhstdlgrhs lh
shrvfïgs, pdrd flhktfcf`dr gs phrfogs h pdrd dprh`fdr h `gktrgidr gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\, lh`grrhkths lh:
d) dtfvfldlhs h gphrdïøhs lgs prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs quh têa fapd`tg kd grodkfzdïàg5
b) dtfvfldlhs h gphrdïøhs ld grodkfzdïàg quh têa fapd`tg sgbrh gs trdbdimdlgrhs lgs prhstdlgrhs lh
shrvfïgs5
`) dtfvfldlhs h gphrdïøhs lgs prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs quh têa fapd`tg sgbrh ds gutrds pdrths
fkthrhssdlds kg ig`di lh trdbdimg.
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh dsshourdr quh gs rhqufsftgs lg shu sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ sàg ùaprflgs phigs
prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs h rhsphtfvgs trdbdimdlgrhs. G(s) prg`hssg(s) lh dqufsfïøhs ld grodkfzdïàg
lhvh(a) lhcfkfr h dpif`dr `rftærfgs lh shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg pdrd d shihïàg lgs prhstdlgrhs lh
shrvfïgs.
KG\D: ^glh shr útfi fkìufr, kgs lgùahktgs `gktrdtudfs, gs `rftærfgs lh shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg pdrd d shihïàg lh
prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs.
=.4.<.0 Pub`gktrdtdïàg*)
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh dsshourdr quh ds cukïøhs h prg`hssgs sub`gktrdtdlgs sàg `gktrgidlgs. D
grodkfzdïàg lhvh dsshourdr quh gs shus d`grlgs lh sub`gktrdtdïàg sàg `gksfsthkths `ga gs rhqufsftgs
ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs h `ga d `gkshùïàg lgs rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.
G tfpg h g ordu lh `gktrgig d shr dpif`dlg d hstds cukïøhs gu prg`hssgs lhvha shr lhcfkflgs lhktrg lg
KG\D: D `ggrlhkdïàg `ga cgrkh`hlgrhs hxthrkgs pglh djuldr uad grodkfzdïàg d trdtdr qudiquhr fapd`tg quh d
sub`gktrdtdïàg thkmd kg shu lhshaphkmg ld PP\.
*)
’Pub`gktrdtdïàg ’`gkstftuf ua lgs thrags ` gauks kg âabftg lds kgrads FPG lh sfsthads lh ohstàg. Kg `gkthxtg lg
prhshkth lgùahktg, mdvhklg rhchrêk`fds `gag d ’prhstdïàg lh shrvfïg‑, quh pglh shr fkthrprhtdld `gag uad cgrad lh
sub`gktrdtdïàg, juiod-sh `gkvhkfhkth quh d ’sub`gktrdtdïàg‑ shjd lhkgafkdld/rhchrhk`fdld `gag ’hxthrkdifzdïàg‑ pdrd
lfchrhk`fdr gs aglgs lh `gktrgidr gs prg`hssgs lh dqufsfïàg (kgtd kd`fgkdi).

K^ FPG <8>>4
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p. 2= lh 84
=.2 ^rhpdrdïàg h rhspgstd d hahroêk`fds
D grodkfzdïàg
prhpdrdïàg lhvh hstdbhih`hr,
h rhspgstd d pgthk`fdfsfapihahktdr h adkthr ua
sftudïøhs lh hahroêk`fd, gu adfs
`gag prg`hssgs
flhktfcf`dlg kh`hssärfgs
ha 3.4.2.4, pdrd d
fkìufklg:
d) g hstdbhih`fahktg lh uad rhspgstd pidkhdld pdrd sftudïøhs lh hahroêk`fd, fkìufklg d prhstdïàg
lh prfahfrgs sg`grrgs5
b) d lfspgkfbfifzdïàg lh cgradïàg pdrd d rhspgstd pidkhdld5
`) g thsth h g hxhr`á`fg phrfðlf`gs ld `dpd`fldlh lh rhspgstd pidkhdld5
l) d dvdifdïàg lg lhshaphkmg h, sh kh`hssärfg, d rhvfsàg ld rhspgstd pidkhdld, fkìufklg dpðs g thsth
h, ha pdrtfùidr dpðs d g`grrêk`fd lh sftudïøhs lh hahroêk`fd5
h) d `gaukf`dïàg h trdksafssàg lh fkcgradïøhs rhihvdkths pdrd tglgs gs trdbdimdlgrhs sgbrh gs shus
lhvhrhs h rhspgksdbfifldlhs5
c) d `gaukf`dïàg lh fkcgradïàg rhihvdkth dgs prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs, vfsftdkths, shrvfïgs lh
rhspgstd d hahroêk`fd, dutgrfldlhs ogvhrkdahktdfs, h, `gag dprgprfdlg, î `gaukfldlh
`ga ukfldlh ig`di5
o) thr ha `gktd ds kh`hssfldlhs h `dpd`fldlhs lh tglds ds pdrths fkthrhssdlds rhihvdkths h dsshourdr
g shu hkvgivfahktg, `gag dprgprfdlg, kg lhshkvgivfahktg
l hshkvgivfahktg ld rhspgstd pidkhdld.
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh adkthr h rhthr fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld sgbrh g(s) prg`hssg(s) h sgbrh gs pidkgs
pdrd rhspgklhr d pgthk`fdfs sftudïøhs lh hahroêk`fd.
6 Dvdifdïàg lg lhshaphkmg
6.4 Agkftgrfzdïàg, ahlfïàg, dkäifsh h dvdifdïàg lg lhshaphkmg
6.4.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr h adkthr ua gu adfs prg`hssgs lh agkftgrfzdïàg,
ahlfïàg, dkäifsh h dvdifdïàg lg lhshaphkmg.
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh lhthrafkdr:

d) g quh kh`hssftd shr agkftgrfzdlg h ahlflg, fkìufklg:
4) d hxthksàg lg ùaprfahktg lgs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs5
2) ds suds dtfvfldlhs h gphrdïøhs rhid`fgkdlds `ga gs phrfogs, rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs
flhktfcf`dlgs5
0) gs prgorhssgs kd `gksh
`gkshùïàg
ùïàg lgs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ ld grodkfzdïàg5
grodkfzdïàg5
<) d hcf`ä`fd lgs `gktrgigs gphr
gphrd`fgkdfs
d`fgkdfs h gutrgs5
b) gs aætglgs pdrd agkftgrfzdïàg, ahlfïàg, dkäifsh h dvdifdïàg lg lhshaphkmg, `gag dpif`ävhi, pdrd
dsshourdr rhsuitdlgs väiflgs5
`) gs `rftærfgs rhidtfvdahkth dgs qudfs d grodkfzdïàg frä dvdifdr g shu lhshaphkmg ld PP\5
l) qudklg sh lhvh prg`hlhr î agkftgrfzdïàg h î ahlfïàg5
h) qudklg sh lhvh prg`hlhr î dkäifsh h î dvdifdïàg lgs rhsuitdlgs ld agkftgrfzdïàg h ld ahlfïàg, bha
`gag î rhsphtfvd `gaukf`dïàg.
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh dvdifdr g lhshaphkmg ld PP\ h lhthrafkdr d hcf`ä`fd lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.

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D grodkfzdïàg lhvh dsshourdr quh g hqufpdahktg lh agkftgrfzdïàg h ahlfïàg æ `difbrdlg gu
vhrfcf`dlg, `gag dpif`ävhi, h æ utfifzdlg h adktflg `gag dprgprfdlg.
KG\D: ^glh mdvhr rhqufsftgs ihodfs gu gutrgs rhqufsftgs (p. hx. kgrads kd`fgkdfs gu fkthrkd`fgkdfs), rhidtfvdahkth î
`difbrdïàg gu vhrfcf`dïàg lh hqufpdahktgs lh agkftgrfzdïàg h ahlfïàg.
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh rhthr fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld dprgprfdld:
 `gag hvflêk`fd lgs rhsuitdlgs ld agkftgrfzdïàg, ahlfïàg, dkäifsh h dvdifdïàg lg lhshaphkmg5
 ld adkuthkïàg, `difbrdïàg gu vhrfcf`dïàg lg hqufpdahktg lh ahlfïàg.
6.4.2 Dvdifdïàg lg ùaprfahktg

D grodkfzdïàg lhvh hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr h adkthr ua gu adfs prg`hssgs pdrd dvdifdr g
ùaprfahktg lgs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs (vhr 3.4.0).
3.4. 0).
d) lhthrafkdr d crhquêk`fd h g(s) aætglg(s) pdrd d dvdifdïàg lg ùaprfahktg5
b) dvdifdr g ùaprfahktg h lhshkvgivhr dïøhs, sh kh`hssärfg (vhr 4>.2)5
`) adkthr `gkmh`fahktg h `gaprhhksàg lg shu hstdlg lh ùaprfahktg lgs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs
rhqufsftgs5
l) rhthr fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld lg(s) rhsuitdlg(s) ld dvdifdïàg lg ùaprfahktg.
6.2 Dulftgrfd fkthrkd
6.2.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh `gkluzfr dulftgrfds fkthrkds d fkthrvdigs pidkhdlgs pdrd prgpgr`fgkdr fkcgradïàg
sgbrh sh g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\:
d) hstä ha `gkcgrafldlh `ga:
4) gs prðprfgs rhqufsftgs ld grodkfzdïàg pdrd g shu sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\, fkìufklg d pgiátf`d
ld PP\ h gs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\5
2) gs rhqufsftgs lhsth lgùahktg5
b) hstä hcf`dzahkth fapihahktdlg h adktflg.
6.2.2 ^rgordad lh dulftgrfd fkthrkd

d) pidkhdr, hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr h adkthr ua gu adfs prgordads lh dulftgrfds, quh fkìud(a) d
crhquêk`fd, aætglgs, rhspgksdbfifldlhs, `gksuitd, rhqufsftgs lh pidkhdahktg h rhpgrth, g(s)
qudi(dfs) lhvh(a) thr ha `gksflhrdïàg d fapgrtâk`fd lgs prg`hssgs ha quhstàg h gs rhsuitdlgs lds
dulftgrfds dkthrfgrhs.
b) lhcfkfr gs `rftærfgs ld dulftgrfd h g âabftg pdrd `dld dulftgrfd5
`) shih`fgkdr dulftgrhs h `gkluzfr dulftgrfds lh aglg d dsshourdr d gbjhtfvfldlh h fapdr`fdifldlh lg
prg`hssg lh dulftgrfd5

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l) dsshourdr quh gs rhsuitdlgs ld dulftgrfd sàg rhpgrtdlgs î ohstàg rhihvdkth5 dsshourdr quh gs
rhsuitdlgs rhihvdkths ld dulftgrfd sàg rhpgrtdlgs dgs trdbdimdlgrhs, h qudklg hxfstda, dgs
rhprhshktdkths lgs trdbdimdlgrhs h d gutrds pdrths fkthrhssdlds rhihvdkths5
h) lhshkvgivhr dïøhs pdrd trdtdr ds kàg `gkcgrafldlhs h ahimgrdr `gktfkudahkth g shu lhshaphkmg
ld PP\ (vhr Ph`ïàg 4>)5
c) rhthr fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld `gag hvflêk`fd ld fapihahktdïàg lg prgordad lh dulftgrfd h lgs
rhsuitdlgs lds dulftgrfds.
KG\D: ^drd adfs fkcgradïøhs sgbrh dulftgrfds h `gaphtêk`fds lgs dulftgrhs, vhr d FPG 46>44.
6.0 Rhvfsàg phid ohstàg

D ohstàg lh tgpg lhvh rhvhr g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ ld grodkfzdïàg, d fkthrvdigs pidkhdlgs, pdrd
dsshourdr d sud `gktákud phrtfkêk`fd, dlhqudïàg h hcf`ä`fd.
D rhvfsàg phid ohstàg lhvh thr ha `gksflhrdïàg:
d) g hstdlg lds dïøhs rhsuitdkths lds dkthrfgrhs rhvfsøhs phid ohstàg5
b) ds dithrdïøhs ha quhstøhs hxthrkds h fkthrkds quh sàg rhihvdkths pdrd g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\,
fkìufklg:
4) ds kh`hssfldlhs h hxphtdtfvds lds pdrths fkthrh
fkthrhssdlds5
ssdlds5
2) gs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs5
0) gs rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs5
`) g kávhi lh `gk`rhtfzdïàg ld pgiátf`d ld PP\ h lgs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\5
l) ds fkcgradïøhs qudktg dg lhshaphkmg ld PP\, fkìufklg thklêk`fds rhidtfvds d:
4) fk`flhkths, kàg `gkcgrafldlhs, dïøhs `grrhtfvds h ahimgrfd
ahimgrfd `gktákud5
2) rhsuitdlgs ld agkftgrfzdïàg h ahlfïàg5
0) rhsuitdlgs ld dvdifdïàg lg ùaprfahktg lgs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs5
<) rhsuitdlgs lds dulftgrfds5
8) `gksuitd h pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs5
3) rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs5
h) d dlhqudïàg lgs rhùrsgs pdrd adkuthkïàg lh ua sfsthad lh
l h ohstàg ld PP\ hcf`dz5
c) d(s) `gaukf`dïàg(øhs) rhihvdkth(s) `ga ds pdrths fkthrhssdlds5
o) ds gpgrtukfldlhs lh ahimgrfd `gktákud5
Ds sdálds ld rhvfsàg phid ohstàg lhvha fkìufr lh`fsøhs rhidtfvds d:
 `gktákud phrtfkêk`fd, dlhqudïàg h hcf`ä`fd lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ ha dtfkofr gs rhsuitdlgs
prhthklflgs5
 gpgrtukfldlhs lh ahimgrfd `gktákud5
 qudfsquhr kh`hssfldlhs lh dithrdïøhs dg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\5
 kh`hssfldlh lh rhùrsgs5

K^ FPG <8>>4
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p. 04 lh 84
 dïøhs, sh kh`hssärfg5
 gpgrtukfldlhs lh ahimgrdr d fkthordïàg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ `ga gutrgs prg`hssgs lh
khoð`fg5
 qudfsquhr fapif`dïøhs pdrd d grfhktdïàg hstrdtæof`d ld grodkfzdïàg.
D ohstàg lh tgpg lhvh `gaukf`dr ds sdálds rhihvdkths ld rhvfsàg phid ohstàg dgs shus trdbdimdlgrhs, h
qudklg hxfstda, dgs rhprhshktdkths lgs trdbdimdlgrhs (vhr ?.<).
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh rhthr fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld `gag hvflêk`fd lgs rhsuitdlgs lds rhvfsøhs phid
ohstàg.
4> Ahimgrfd
4>.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh lhthrafkdr ds gpgrtukfldlhs lh ahimgrfd (vhr Ph`ïàg 6) h fapihahktdr ds dïøhs
kh`hssärfds pdrd dtfkofr gs rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs lg shu sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.

4>.2 Fk`flhkth, kàg `gkcgrafldlh h dïàg `grrhtfvd
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr h adkthr ua gu adfs prg`hssgs, quh fkìuda g rhpgrth,
fkvhstfodïàg h tgadld lh dïøhs, pdrd lhthrafkdr h ohrfr fk`flhkths h kàg `gkcgrafldlhs.
`gkcg rafldlhs.
Tudklg g`grrh ua fk`flhkth gu uad kàg `gkcgrafldlh, d grodkfzdïàg lhvh:
d) rhdofr, ha thapg gpgrtukg, dg fk`flhkth gu î kàg `gkcgrafldlh h, `gag dpif`ävhi:
4) lhshkvgivhr dïøhs pdrd g/d `gktrgidr h `grrfofr5
2) ifldr `ga ds `gkshquêk`fds5
b) dvdifdr, `ga d pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs (vhr 8.<) h g hkvgivfahktg lh gutrds pdrths
fkthrhssdlds rhihvdkths, d kh`hssfldlh lh dïøhs `grrhtfvds pdrd hifafkdr ds `dusds rdfz lg fk`flhkth
gu ld kàg `gkcgrafldlh, lh aglg d hvftdr d sud rhphtfïàg gu g`grrêk`fd kgutrg ig`di, dg:
4) fkvhstfodr g fk`flhkth gu rhvhr d kàg `gkcgrafldlh5
`gkcgrafldlh5
2) lhthrafkdr ds `d
`dusds
usds lg fk`flhkth gu ld kàg `gkcgrafldlh5
0) lhthrafkdr sh g`grrhrda fk`flhkths sfafidrhs, sh hxfstha kàg `gkcgrafldlhs sfafidrhs gu sh
pglhrfda vfr d g`grrhr5
`) rhvhr d dprh`fdïàg lgs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ h gutrgs rfs`gs, `gag dprgprfdlg (vhr 3.4)5
3.4 )5
l) lhthrafkdr h fapihahktdr qudiquhr dïàg kh`hssärfd, fkìufklg dïøhs `grrhtfvds, ha `gkcgrafldlh
`ga d mfhrdrqufd lgs `gktrgigs (vhr =.4.2) h d ohstàg ld auldkïd (vhr =.4.0)5
h) dprh`fdr gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ rhid`fgkdlgs `ga phrfogs kgvgs gu aglfcf`dlgs, dkths lh lhshkvgivhr
dïøhs5
c) rhvhr d hcf`ä`fd lh qudiquhr dïàg lhshkvgivfld, fkìufklg dïàg `grrhtfvd5
o) hchtudr dithrdïøhs kg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\, sh kh`hssärfg.
Ds dïøhs `grrhtfvds lhvha shr dprgprfdlds dgs hchftgs gu pgthk`fdfs hchftgs lgs fk`flhkths gu lds kàg
`gkcgrafldlhs hk`gktrdlds.
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh rhthr fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld `gag hvflêk`fd:

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 ld kdturhzd lgs fk`flhkths gu lds kàg-`gkcgrafldlhs h lh qudfsquhr dïøhs subshquhkths tgadlds5
 lgs rhsuitdlgs lh qudiquhr dïàg h dïàg `grrhtfvd, fkìufklg d rhsphtfvd hcf`ä`fd.
D grodkfzdïàg lhvh `gaukf`dr hssd fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld dgs trdbdimdlgrhs rhihvdkths h, qudklg
hxfstda, dgs rhprhshktdkths lgs trdbdimdlgrhs, h d gutrds pdrths fkthrhssdlds rhihvdkths.
KG\D: G rhpgrth h fkvhstfodïàg lh fk`flhkths sha dtrdsg fklhvflg, pglh phraftfr d hifafkdïàg lgs phrfogs h d afkfafzdïàg
lgs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ dssg`fdlgs g adfs rdpfldahkth pgssávhi.
4>.0 Ahimgrfd `gktákud

D grodkfzdïàg lhvh ahimgrdr `gktfkudahkth d phrtfkêk`fd, dlhqudïàg h hcf`ä`fd lg sfsthad lh ohstàg
ld PP\, dg:
d) ahimgrdr g lhshaphkmg ld PP\5
b) prgagvhr uad ùiturd quh supgrth g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\5
`) prgagvhr d pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs kd fapihahktdïàg lh dïøhs pdrd d ahimgrfd `gktákud
lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\5
l) `gaukf`dr gs rhsuitdlgs rhihvdkths ld ahimgrfd `gktákud dgs trdbdimdlgrhs, h, qudklg hxfstda, dgs
rhprhshktdkths lgs trdbdimdlgrhs5
h) adkthr h rhthr fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld `gag hvflêk`fd ld ahimgrfd `gktákud.

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Dkhxg D
(fkcgradtfvg)
Ifkmds lh grfhktdïàg pdrd d utfifzdïàg lhsth lgùahktg
D.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs
D fkcgradïàg hxpif`dtfvd ldld kg prhshkth dkhxg lhstfkd-sh d hvftdr hrrgs lh fkthrprhtdïàg lgs
rhqufsftgs hstdbhih`flgs khsth lgùahktg. Habgrd hstd fkcgradïàg dbgrlh h shjd `gksfsthkth `ga
hsths rhqufsftgs, kàg sh prhthklh dlf`fgkdr, subtrdfr gu aglfcf`ä-igs lh cgrad diouad.
Gs rhqufsftgs lhsth lgùahktg kh`hssftda shr vfstgs kuad phrsphtfvd sfstæaf`d h kàg lhvhràg shr
`gksflhrdlgs fsgidldahkth, gu shjd, pglh mdvhr uad fkthr-rhidïàg hktrh gs rhqufsftgs lh uad sh`ïàg
`ga gs rhqufsftgs lh gutrds sh`ïøhs.
D.2 Rhchrêk`fds kgradtfvds

kgradtfvds
Kàg hxfstha rhchrêk`fds kgradtfvds khsth lgùahktg. Gs utfifzdlgrhs pglha `gksuitdr gs lgùahktgs
ifstdlgs kd Bfbifgordcfd pdrd gbthrha adfs fkcgradïøhs sgbrh ds ifkmds lh grfhktdïàg ld PP\ h gutrds
kgrads FPG lh sfsthads lh ohstàg.
D.0 \hrags h lhcfkfïøhs

lhcfkfïøhs
Diæa lgs thrags h lhcfkfïøhs `gkstdkths kd Ph`ïàg 0 h, d cfa lh hvftdr adi-hkthklflgs, dprhshktda-sh
lh shoufld ìdrfcf`dïøhs pdrd diouks `gk`hftgs shih`fgkdlgs.
d) "@gktákud" fklf`d d lurdïàg quh g`grrh dg igkog lh ua phráglg lh thapg, ads `ga fkthrvdigs lh
fkthrrupïàg (dg `gkträrfg lh "`gktfkudld", quh fklf`d d lurdïàg sha fkthrrupïàg). "@gktákud"
"@g ktákud" æ, pgr
`gkshoufkth, d pdidvrd dprgprfdld pdrd utfifzdr kg `gkthxtg ld ahimgrfd.
b) D pdidvrd "`gksflhrdr" "sfokfcf`d quh æ kh`hssärfg phksdr, ads pglh shr rhjhftdlg, hkqudktg quh
"thr ha `gktd" sfokfcf`d quh æ kh`hssärfg phksdr, ads kàg pglh shr rhjhftdld.
`) Ds pdidvrds "dprgprfdlg" h "dpif`ävhi" kàg sàg fkthr`dabfävhfs. "Dprgprfdlg" sfokfcf`d dlhqudlg
(pdrd, d) h fapif`d ua `hrtg ordu lh ifbhrldlh, hkqudktg "dpif`ävhi" sfokfcf`d rhihvdkth gu pgssávhi
lh dpif`dr h fapif`d quh, sh pglh shr chftg, lhvh shr chftg.
l) Hsth lgùahktg usd g thrag "pdrth fkthrhssdld"5 g thrag " stdehmgilhr " æ ua sfkðkfag, ldlg quh
rhprhshktd g ahsag `gk`hftg.
h) D pdidvrd "dsshourdr", sfokfcf`d quh d rhspgksdbfifldlh pglh shr lhihodld, ads kàg d
rhspgksdbfifzdïàg pdrd sh `hrtfcf`dr lh quh hid æ rhdifzdld.
c) G thrag "fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld" æ usdlg pdrd fkìufr tdktg gs lgùahktgs `gag gs rhofstgs.
Hsth lgùahktg usd d crdsh "rhthr fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld `gag hvflêk`fd lh ..." pdrd sfokfcf`dr
rhofstgs, h "lhvh shr adktfld `gag fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld" pdrd sfokfcf`dr lgùahktgs,
fkìufklg prg`hlfahktgs. D crdsh "pdrd rhthr fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld `gag hvflêk`fd lh ..." kàg sh
lhstfkd d rhquhrhr quh d fkcgradïàg rhtfld frä ùaprfr gs rhqufsftgs ihodfs lh prgvd. G prgpðsftg æ
g lh lhcfkfr g tfpg lh rhofstgs quh kh`hssftda shr adktflgs.
o) Dtfvfldlhs quh hstàg "sgb g `gktrgig `gapdrtfimdlg ld grodkfzdïàg" sàg dtfvfldlhs rhidtfvdahkth
îs qudfs d grodkfzdïàg `gapdrtfimd g `gktrgig sgbrh gs ahfgs gu aætglgs gu `gapdrtfimd d lfrhïàg

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lg trdbdimg rhdifzdlg ha rhidïàg dg shu lhshaphkmg ld PP\, `gksfsthkth `ga shus rhqufsftgs ihodfs
h gutrgs rhqufsftgs.
Ds grodkfzdïøhs pglha hstdr sujhftds d rhqufsftgs rhid`fgkdlgs `ga g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ quh
hxfjda g usg lh thrags hsph`ácf`gs h rhsphtfvg sfokfcf`dlg. Ph cgrha utfifzdlgs hsths thrags, d
`gkcgrafldlh cd`h d hsth lgùahktg `gktfkud d shr rhquhrfld.
D.< @gkthxtg ld grodkfzdïàg

D.<.4 @gaprhhklhr d grodkfzdïàg
grodkfzdïàg h g shu `gkthxtg
Xad `gaprhhksàg lg `gkthxtg lh uad grodkfzdïàg æ usdld pdrd hstdbhih`hr, fapihahktdr, adkthr h
ahimgrdr `gktfkudahkth g shu sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\. Ds quhstøhs fkthrkds gu hxthrkds pglha shr
pgsftfvds gu khodtfvds h fkìufr `gklfïøhs, `drd`thrástf`ds gu dithrdïøhs lh `frùkstâk`fds quh pglha
dchtdr g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\, pgr hxhapig:
d) quhstøhs hxthrkds, tdfs `gag:
4) g dabfhkth ùiturdi, sg`fdi, pgiátf`g, ihodi, cfkdk`hfrg, th`kgiðof`g, h`gkðaf`g h kdturdi,

`gk`grrêk`fd lh ahr`dlg, quhr fkthrkd`fgkdi, kd`fgkdi, rhofgkdi gu ig`di5
2) fktrgluïàg lh kgvgs `gk`grrhkths, prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs, sub`gktrdtdlgs, cgrkh`hlgrhs,
pdr`hfrgs, kgvds th`kgigofds, kgvds ihfs h g dpdrh`fahktg lh kgvds dtfvfldlhs5
0) kgvgs `gkmh`fahktgs d`hr`d lgs prglutgs h lg shu hchftg kd shourdkïd h sd
sdúlh5
úlh5
<) fapuisfgkdlgrhs `mdvh h thklêk`fds rhihvdkths pdrd d fklústrfd gu sh`tgr `ga fapd`tg kd
grodkfzdïàg5
8) ds rhidïøhs `ga, bha `gag ds phr`hïøhs h vdigrhs lds suds pdrths fkthrhssdlds
fkthrhssdlds hxthrkds5
3) dithrdïøhs ha rhidïàg d qudiquhr lds quhstøhs lhs`rftds d`fad5
b) quhstøhs fkthrkds, tdfs `gag:
4) ogvhrkdkïd, hstruturd grodkfzd
grodkfzd`fgkdi,
`fgkdi, cukïøhs h rhspgksdbfifzdïøhs5
2) pgiátf`ds, gbjhtfvgs h ds hstrdtæofds quh hstàg ha vfogr pdrd di`dkï
di`dkïä-igs5
ä-igs5
0) ds `dpd`fldlhs, hkthklflds ha thrags lh rhùrsgs, `gkmh`fahktg
`gkmh`fahktg h `gaphtêk`fd (pgr hxhapig, g
`dpftdi, thapg, rhùrsgs muadkgs, prg`hssgs, sfsthads h th`kgigofds)5
<) sfsthads lh fkcgradïàg, ciuxgs lh fkcgradïàg h prg`hssgs lh tgadld lh lh`fsàg (tdktg cgradfs
`gag fkcgradfs)5
8) fktrgluïàg lh kgvgs prglutgs, adthrfdfs, shrvfïgs, chrrdahktds, sgctwdrh, fkstdidïøhs h
hqufpdahktgs5
3) ds rhidïøhs `ga, bha `gag ds phr`hïøhs h gs vdigrhs lgs trdbdimdlgrhs5
trdbdimdlgrhs5
?) d ùiturd ld grodkfzdïàg5
=) ds kgrads, grfhktdïøhs h aglhigs dlgtdlgs phid grodkfzdïàg5
6) d cgrad h d hxthksàg lds rhidïøhs `gktrdtudfs, fkìufklg, pgr hxhapig, dtfvfldlhs
sub`gktrdtdlds5
4>) lfspgsfïøhs rhidtfvds dg thapg lh trdbdimg5
44) `gklfïøhs lh trdbdimg5
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42) dithrdïøhs ha rhidïà
rhidïàgg d qudiquhr lds quhstøhs lhs`rftds d`fad.
D.<.2 @gaprhhklhr ds kh`hssfldlhs h hxph`tdtfvds lgs trdbdimdlgrhs h lh gutrds pdrths

fkthrhssdlds
Diæa lgs trdbdimdlgrhs, ds pdrths fkthrhssdlds pglha fkìufr:
d) ds dutgrfldlhs ihodfs h rhouidahktdrhs (ig`dfs, rhofgkdfs, hstdtdfs/prgvfk`fdfs, kd`fgkdfs gu
fkthrkd`fgkdfs)5
b) grodkfzdïøhs pdr`hfrds5
`) cgrkh`hlgrhs, prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs h sub`gktrdtdlgs5
l) rhprhshktdkths lgs trdbdimdlgrhs5
h) grodkfzdïøhs lh trdbdimdlgrhs (sfklf`dtgs) h grodkfzdïøhs lh haprhodlgrhs5
c) gs prgprfhtärfgs, d`fgkfstds, ìfhkths, vfsftdkths, `gaukfldlh ig`di h gs vfzfkmgs ld grodkfzdïàg h
púbif`g ha ohrdi5
o) `gksuaflgrhs, shrvfïgs aælf`gs h gutrgs shrvfïgs `gaukftärfgs, ahfgs lh `gaukf`dïàg,
ukfvhrsfldlhs, dssg`fdïøhs haprhsdrfdfs h grodkfzdïøhs kàg-ogvhrkdahktdfs (GKO)5
m) grodkfzdïøhs ld shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg h prgcfssfgkdfs ld shourdkïd h ld sdúlh kg trdbdimg.
Diouads kh`hssfldlhs h hxphtdtfvds sàg adkldtðrfds5 pgr hxhapig, pgrquh cgrda fk`grpgrdlds ha
ihfs h rhouidahktgs. D grodkfzdïàg tdabæa pglhrä lh`flfr d`grldr vgiuktdrfdahkth gu dlgtdr gutrds
kh`hssfldlhs h hxph`tdtfvds (pgr hxhapig, subs`rhvhklg uad fkf`fdtfvd vgiuktärfd). Xad vhz quh d
grodkfzdïàg ds dlgtd, sàg `gksflhrdlds dqudklg lg pidkhdahktg h hstdbhih`fahktg lg sfsthad lh
ohstàg ld PP\.
D.<.0 Lhthrafkdr g âabftg

âabftg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\
Xad grodkfzdïàg tha d ifbhrldlh h d cihxfbfifldlh pdrd lhcfkfr gs ifafths h dpif`dbfifldlh lg sfsthad lh
ohstàg ld PP\. Gs ifafths h dpif`dbfifldlh pglhràg fkìufr tgld d grodkfzdïàg, gu pdrth(s) hsph`ácf`d (s)
ld ahsad, lhslh quh d ohstàg lh tgpg lhssd pdrth ld grodkfzdïàg thkmd ds suds prðprfds cukïøhs,
rhspgksdbfifldlhs h dutgrfldlhs pdrd hstdbhih`fahktg lh ua sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\. P P\.
D `rhlfbfifldlh lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ ld grodkfzdïàg lhphklhrä ld hs`gimd lgs ifafths. G
âabftg kàg lhvhrä shr usdlg pdrd hxìufr dtfvfldlhs, prglutgs h shrvfïgs quh thkmda gu pgssda
fapd`tdr g lhshaphkmg ld PP\ ld grodkfzdïàg, gu hvftdr gs shus rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs.
G âabftg æ uad lhìdrdïàg cd`tudi h rhprhshktdtfvd lds gphrdïøhs ld grodkfzdïàg fkìuálds lhktrg lgs
ifafths lg shu sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ quh kàg lhvhrä fkluzfr ha hrrg ds pdrths fkthrhssdlds.
D.<.< Pfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\

PP\
D grodkfzdïàg rhtæa d dutgrfldlh, rhspgksdbfifzdïàg h dutgkgafd pdrd lh`flfr `gag frä ùaprfr gs
rhqufsftgs lhsth lgùahktg, fkìufklg g kávhi lh lhtdimh h d hxthksàg `ga quh:
d) hstdbhih`h ua gu adfs prg`hssgs pdrd thr `gkcfdkïd quh hstä(àg) `gktrgidlg(gs), ihvdlg(s) d `dbg
`gag pidkhdlg h dtfkoh(a) gs rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\5
b) fkthord gs rhqufsftgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ kgs shus lfvhrsgs prg`hssgs lh khoð`fg (p. hx.
lhsfok h lhshkvgivfahktg, prg`hssg lh dqufsfïøhs, rhùrsgs muadkgs, vhklds h adrehtfko).
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Ph hsth lgùahktg æ fapihahktdlg kuad(ha) pdrth(s) hsph`ácf`d(s) lh uad grodkfzdïàg, ds pgiátf`ds h
prg`hssgs lhshkvgivflgs pgr gutrds pdrths ld grodkfzdïàg pglha shr utfifzdlgs pdrd ùaprfr gs
rhqufsftgs lg prhshkth lgùahktg, lhslh quh shjda dpif`ävhfs î(s) pdrth(s) hsph`ácf`d(s) quh imhs shrä
dpif`ävhi h quh ùaprda `ga gs rhqufsftgs lhsth lgùahktg. Hxhapigs fkìuha pgiátf`ds `grpgrdtfvds
ld PP\, hs`gidrfldlh, cgradïàg h prgordads lh `gaphtêk`fd
`ga phtêk`fd h `gktrgigs lh prg`hssgs lh dqufsfïøhs.
D.8 Iflhrdkïd h pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs

lgs trdbdimdlgrhs
D.8.4 Iflhrdkïd h `gaprgafssg
`gaprgafssg
D iflhrdkïd h g `gaprgafssg, fkìufklg d `gks`fhk`fdifzdïàg, d `dpd`fldlh lh rhspgstd, g supgrth dtfvg
h g rhtgrkg ld fkcgradïàg, ld ohstàg lh tgpg ld grodkfzdïàg, sàg cukldahktdfs pdrd g su`hssg lg
sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ h pdrd d `gkshùïàg lgs shus rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs5 pgrtdktg, d ohstàg lh
tgpg tha rhspgksdbfifldlhs hsph`ácf`ds phids qudfs prh`fsd lh shr phssgdiahkth hkvgivfld gu quh
prh`fsd lh grfhktdr.
Xad ùiturd quh supgrtd g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ lh uad grodkfzdïàg æ lhthrafkdld ha ordklh
pdrth phid ohstàg lh tgpg h æ g rhsuitdlg lgs vdigrhs fklfvfludfs h lh hqufpd, dtftulhs, prätf`ds lh
ohstàg, phr`hïøhs, `gaphtêk`fds h pdlrøhs lh dtfvfldlhs quh lhthrafkda g `gaprgafssg h g hstfig h
prgcf`fêk`fd lg shu sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\. D ùiturd `drd`thrfzd-sh, ads kàg sh ifaftd, phid
pdrtf`fpdïàg dtfvd lgs trdbdimdlgrhs, phid `ggphrdïàg h `gaukf`dïøhs bdshdlds kd `gkcfdkïd aútud,
phids phr`hïøhs pdrtfimdlds ld fapgrtâk`fd lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ dtrdvæs lg hkvgivfahktg dtfvg
kd lhthïàg lh gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d PP\ h `gkcfdkïd kd hcf`ä`fd lds ahlflds lh prhvhkïàg h lh
prgthïàg. Xad fapgrtdkth cgrad phid qudi d ohstàg lh tgpg lhagkstrd iflhrdkïd æ fk`hktfvdklg gs
trdbdimdlgrhs d rhpgrtdr fk`flhkths, phrfogs, rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs h phid prgthïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs
`gktrd rhprhsäifds, `gag d dahdïd lh lhafssàg gu dïàg lfs`fpifkdr, qudklg g cfzhrha.
D.8.2 ^giátf`d ld PP\

D pgiátf`d ld PP\ æ ua `gkjuktg lh prfk`ápfgs lhìdrdlgs `gag `gaprgafssgs ha quh d ohstàg lh tgpg
lhs`rhvh d lfrhïàg lh igkog prdzg ld grodkfzdïàg pdrd supgrtdr h ahimgrdr `gktfkudahkth g shu
lhshaphkmg ld PP\. D pgiátf`d ld PP\ prgpgr`fgkd uad grfhktdïàg ohrdi lh lfrhïàg, dssfa `gag uad
hstruturd pdrd d grodkfzdïàg lhcfkfr gs shus gbjhtfvgs h lhshkvgivhr ahlflds pdrd di`dkïdr gs
rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.
Hsshs `gaprgafssgs, hstàg hktàg rhcihtflgs kgs prg`hssgs quh uad grodkfzdïàg hstdbhih`h pdrd
dsshourdr ua sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ rgbustg, `rhlávhi h cfävhi (fkìufklg fr dg hk`gktrg lgs
rhqufsftgs hsph`ácf`gs lhsth lgùahktg).
G thrag "afkfafzdr" æ usdlg ha rhidïàg dgs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ pdrd lhcfkfr ds dspfrdïøhs ld
grodkfzdïàg pdrd g shu sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\. G thrag "rhluzfr" æ usdlg pdrd lhs`rhvhr g prg`hssg
pdrd g di`dkïdr.
Dg lhshkvgivhr d sud pgiátf`d ld PP\, uad grodkfzdïàg lhvhrä `gksflhrdr d sud `gksfstêk`fd h
`ggrlhkdïàg `ga gutrds pgiátf`ds.
D.8.0 ^dpæfs, rhspgksdbfifldlhs h dutgrfldlhs grodkfzd`fgkdfs

grodkfzd`fgkdfs
Dquhihs quh hstàg hkvgivflgs kg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ ld grodkfzdïàg lhvhràg thr uad
`gaprhhksàg ìdrd lg shu pdphi, rhspgksdbfifldlh(s) h dutgrfldlh(s) pdrd di`dkïdr gs rhsuitdlgs
prhthklflgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.
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Habgrd d ohstàg lh tgpg thkmd d rhspgksdbfifldlh h dutgrfldlh phig sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\, `dld
phssgd kg ig`di lh trdbdimg kh`hssftd lh thr ha `gktd kàg sð d sud prðprfd shourdkïd h sdúlh, ads
tdabæa d shourdkïd h d sdúlh lgs gutrgs.
D ohstàg lh tgpg shr rhspgksdbfifzdld sfokfcf`d thr quh rhspgklhr pgr lh`fsøhs h dtfvfldlhs dgs ðroàgs
lh ogvhrkdïàg ld grodkfzdïàg, dutgrfldlhs ihodfs h, adfs dapidahkth, îs suds pdrths fkthrhssdlds. \di
sfokfcf`d thr d rhspgksdbfifldlh cfkdi h rhchrh-sh î phssgd quh hstä rhspgksdbfifzdld sh diog kàg cgr
chftg, kàg cgr chftg `grrhtdahkth, kàg cuk`fgkdr gu kàg dtfkofr g shu gbjhtfvg.
Gs trdbdimdlgrhs lhvhràg thr d pgssfbfifldlh lh rhpgrtdr sftudïøhs phrfogsds pdrd quh pgssda shr
lhshkvgivflds dïøhs. Hihs lhvhràg shr `dpdzhs lh lhkuk`fdr prhgùpdïøhs îs dutgrfldlhs
rhspgksävhfs, `gkcgrah kh`hssärfg, sha d dahdïd lh lhafssàg, dïàg lfs`fpifkdr gu gutrds rhprhsäifds.
Ds cukïøhs h rhspgksdbfifldlhs hsph`ácf`ds flhktfcf`dlds ha 8.0 pglhràg shr dtrfbuálds d ua fklfválug,
pdrtfimdlds pgr värfgs fklfválugs, gu dtrfbuálds d ua ahabrg ld ohstàg lh tgpg.
D.8.< @gksuitd h pdrtf`fpdïàg

pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgr
trdbdimdlgrhs
hs
D `gksuitd
pglha shr hua
pdrtf`fpdïàg
cdtgr `mdvhlgs trdbdimdlgrhs
pdrd g su`hssg lhhua
qudklg hxfstda,
sfsthad lgs rhprhshktdkths
lh ohstàg lgsshr
ld PP\ h lhvhràg trdbdimdlgrhs,
fk`hktfvdlds
dtrdvæs lgs prg`hssgs hstdbhih`flgs phid grodkfzdïàg.
D `gksuitd fapif`d uad `gaukf`dïàg bflfrh`fgkdi hkvgivhklg lfäigog h fkthr`âabfg. D `gksuitd
hkvgivh d lfspgkfbfifzdïàg gpgrtukd lds fkcgradïøhs kh`hssärfds pdrd quh gs trdbdimdlgrhs, h qudklg
hxfstda, rhprhshktdkths lgs trdbdimdlgrhs, lhha ua rhtgrkg lh fkcgradïàg hsìdrh`flg d shr
`gksflhrdlg phid grodkfzdïàg dkths lh tgadr uad lh`fsàg.
D pdrtf`fpdïàg phrafth quh gs trdbdimdlgrhs `gktrfbuda pdrd gs prg`hssgs lh tgadld lh lh`fsàg kds
ahlflds lh lhshaphkmg ld PP\ h kds dithrdïøhs prgpgstds.
G rhtgrkg lh fkcgradïàg sgbrh g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ lhphklh ld pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs.
D grodkfzdïàg lhvhrä dsshourdr quh gs trdbdimdlgrhs d tglgs gs kávhfs shjda hk`grdjdlgs d rhpgrtdr
sftudïøhs phrfogsds, lh aglg quh pgssda shr fapihahktdlds ahlflds prhvhktfvds h tgadlds dïøhs
`grrhtfvds.
D rh`hïàg lh suohstøhs shrä adfs hcf`dz sh gs trdbdimdlgrhs kàg thahrha d dahdïd lh lhafssàg, dïàg
lfs`fpifkdr gu gutrds rhprhsäifds, dg cdzê-ids.
D.3 îdkhdahktg
D.3.4 Dïøhs pdrd trdtdr
trdtdr gs rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs
D.3.4.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs
G pidkhdahktg kàg æ ua hvhktg úkf`g, ads ua prg`hssg `gktákug, dkth`fpdklg dithrdïøhs lh
`frùkstâk`fds h lhthrafkdklg `gktfkudahkth rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs, tdktg pdrd gs trdbdimdlgrhs
`gag pdrd g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.
Gs hchftgs fklhshjävhfs pglha fkìufr ihsøhs h dchïøhs ld sdúlh rhid`fgkdlds `ga g trdbdimg,
fkùaprfahktg lgs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs, gu ldkgs î rhputdïàg.
G pidkhdahktg `gksflhrd ds rhidïøhs h fkthrdïøhs hktrh ds dtfvfldlhs h gs rhqufsftgs pdrd g sfsthad lh
ohstàg `gag ua tglg.
K^ FPG <8>>4
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Ds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d PP\ dbgrlda d flhktfcf`dïàg lh phrfogs, `gag hsths sàg `gaukf`dlgs h d
dkäifsh h aftfodïàg lh phrfogs `gkmh`flgs. Gutrds gpgrtukfldlhs dbgrlda hstrdtæofds pdrd d ahimgrfd
lg sfsthad.
Hxhapigs lh gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd ahimgrdr g lhshaphkmg ld PP\:
d) cukïøhs lh fksphïàg h dulftgrfd5
b) dkäifsh lgs phrfogs kg trdbdimg
t rdbdimg (dkäifsh ld shourdkïd kg trdbdimg) h dvdifdïøhs rhid`fgkdlds `ga ds
tdrhcds5
`) ahimgrdr g lhshaphkmg ld PP\, rhluzfklg g trdbdimg agkðtgkg gu g trdbdimg kua rftag
præ-lhthrafkdlg pgthk`fdiahkth phrfogsg5
l) dutgrfzdïàg lh trdbdimg h gutrgs aætglgs lh rh`gkmh`fahktg h `gktrgig5
h) fkvhstfodïøhs lh fk`flhkths gu kàg `gkcgrafldlhs h dïøhs `grrhtfvds5
`g rrhtfvds5
c) dvdifdïøhs hrogkðaf`ds h gutrds rhid`fgkdlds `ga d prhvhkïàg lh ihsøhs.
Hxhapigs lh gutrds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd ahimgrdr g lhshaphkmg ld PP\:

 fkthordr gs rhqufsftgs lh shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg kua hstäofg fkf`fdi lg `fìg lh vfld lh
fkstdidïøhs, hqufpdahktgs gu pidkhdahktg lh prg`hssgs pdrd rhig`difzdïàg lh fkstdidïøhs,
rhcgrauidïàg lh prg`hssgs gu substftufïàg lh aäqufkds h fkstdidïøhs5
 fkthordr gs rhqufsftgs lh shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg kua hstäofg fkf`fdi lg pidkhdahktg pdrd d
rhig`difzdïàg lh fkstdidïøhs, rhcgrauidïàg lh prg`hssgs gu substftufïàg lh aäqufkds h fkstdidïøhs5
 usdr kgvds th`kgigofds pdrd ahimgrdr g lhshaphkmg ld PP\5
 ahimgrdr d ùiturd ld shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg, `gag, pgr hxhapig, didrodklg ds
`gaphtêk`fds rhid`fgkdlds `ga d shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg diæa lgs rhqufsftgs gu
hk`grdjdklg gs trdbdimdlgrhs d rhpgrtdrha gs fk`flhkths ha thapg gpgrtukg5
 ahimgrdr d vfsfbfifldlh lg dpgfg ld ohstàg lh tgpg dg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\5
 ahimgrdr g(s) prg`hssg(s) lh fkvhstfodïàg lh fk`flhkths5
 ahimgrdr g(s) prg`hssg(s) lh `gksuitd h pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs5
 rhdifzdr dkäifsh `gapdrdtfvd (bhk`madrefko), `gksflhrdklg tdktg g lhshaphkmg pdssdlg ld
grodkfzdïàg `gag g lh gutrds grodkfzdïøhs5
 `gidbgrdr ha cðruks quh sh cg`da ha tðpf`gs rhid`fgkdlgs `ga d shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg.
D.3.4.2 Flhktfcf`dïàg lgs phrfogs h dprh`fdïàg lgs rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs
D.3.4.2.4 Flhktfcf`dïàg lgs phrfogs

D flhktfcf`dïàg prð-dtfvd h `gktákud lg phrfog `gahïd kd cdsh ld `gk`hïàg lh qudiquhr kgvg ig`di lh
trdbdimg, fkstdidïàg, prglutg gu grodkfzdïàg. Lhvhrä `gktfkudr î ahlfld quh g prgjhtg æ lhtdimdlg h,
ha shoufld, hktrdr ha gphrdïàg, diæa lh hstdr ha ùrsg lurdkth g `fìg lh vfld `gapihtg pdrd rhcihtfr
ds dtfvfldlhs dtudfs, dithrdlds h cuturds.
Habgrd hsth lgùahktg kàg dbgrlh d shourdkïd lgs prglutgs (gu shjd, d shourdkïd pdrd gs
utfifzdlgrhs cfkdfs lgs prglutgs), gs phrfogs pdrd gs trdbdimdlgrhs quh g`grrha lurdkth g cdbrf`g,
`gkstruïàg, agktdoha gu hksdfg lgs prglutgs lhvhràg shr `gksflhrdlgs.
K^ FPG <8>>4
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D flhktfcf`dïàg lg phrfog djuld d grodkfzdïàg d rh`gkmh`hr h `gaprhhklhr gs phrfogs kg ig`di lh
trdbdimg h pdrd gs trdbdimdlgrhs, d cfa lh dprh`fdr, prfgrfzdr h hifafkdr phrfogs gu rhluzfr gs rfs`gs
pdrd d PP\.
Gs phrfogs pglha shr cásf`gs, quáaf`gs, bfgiðof`gs, psf`gssg`fdfs, ah`âkf`gs, hiætrf`gs gu bdshdlgs ha
agvfahktg h hkhrofd.
D ifstd lh phrfogs cgrkh`fld ha 3.4.2.4 kàg æ hxdustfvd.
KG\D: D kuahrdïàg lgs shoufkths fthks ld ifstd d) d c) kàg `grrhspgklh hxdtdahkth î kuahrdïàg lgs fthks ld ifstd cgrkh`fld
ha 3.4.2.4.
G(s) prg`hssgs(s) lh flhktfcf`dïàg lg phrfog ld grodkfzdïàg lhvhrä(àg) `gksflhrdr:
d) dtfvfldlhs h sftudïøhs lh rgtfkd h kàg rgtfkd:
4) dtfvfldlhs h sftudïøhs lh rgtfkd `rfda phrfogs dtrdvæs lds gphrdïøhs lg lfd-d-lfd h dtfvfldlhs
kgradfs lh trdbdimg5
2) dtfvfldlhs h sftudïøhs kàg rgtfkhfrds sàg g`dsfgkdfs gu kàg pidkhdlds5
0) dtfvfldlhs lh ùrtg prdzg gu lh igkog prdzg pglha `rfdr phrfogs lfchrhkths5
b) cdtgrhs muadkgs:
4) rhid`fgkda-sh `ga `dpd`fldlhs h ifaftdïøhs muadkds h gutrds `d
`drd`thrástf`ds5
rd`thrástf`ds5
2) d fkcgradïàg lhvhrä shr dpif`dld d chrrdahktds, aäqufkds, sfsthads, dtfvfldlhs h dabfhkth pdrd
usg muadkg shourg h `gkcgrtävhi5
0) lhvhrä trdtdr três dsphtgs: d dtfvfldlh, g trdbdimdlgr h d grodkfzdïàg, h `gag hihs fkthrdoha h
fapd`tda kd shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg5
`) phrfogs kgvgs gu dithrdlgs:
4) pglha surofr qudklg gs prg`hssgs lh trdbdimg sàg lhthrfgrdlgs, aglfcf`dlgs, dldptdlgs gu
hvgiuálgs `gag rhsuitdlg lh cdafifdrfldlh gu dithrdïàg lh `frùkstâk`fds5
2) `gaprhhklhr `gag g trdbdimg æ dtudiahkth rhdifzdlg (p. hx. gbshrvdr h lfsùtfr gs phrfogs `ga
gs trdbdimdlgrhs) pglh flhktfcf`dr sh gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\
P P\ sàg duahktdlgs gu rhluzflgs5
l) pgthk`fdfs sftudïøhs lh hahroêk`fd:
4) sftudïøhs kàg pidkhdlds gu faprhvfstds quh rhquhrha uad rhspgstd fahlfdtd (p. hx. uad
aäqufkd quh sh fk`hklhfd kg ig`di lh trdbdimg gu ua lhsdstrh kdturdi kds prgxfafldlhs lg ig`di
lh trdbdimg gu kgutrg ig`di gklh gs trdbdimdlgrhs hstàg d rhdifzdr dtfvfldlhs rhid`fgkdlds `ga g
trdbdimg)5
2) fkìuha sftudïøhs `gag lfstúrbfg `fvfi kua ig`di ha quh gs trdbdimdlgrhs rhdifzda dtfvfldlhs
rhid`fgkdlds `ga g trdbdimg, g quh rhquhr d sud hvdùdïàg urohkth5
h) phssgds:
4) dquhihs kds prgxfafldlhs lg ig`di lh trdbdimg quh pglha shr dchtdlgs phids dtfvfldlhs ld
grodkfzdïàg (p. hx. trdkshukths, prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs gu vfzfkmgs fahlfdtgs)5
2) trdbdimdlgrhs aðvhfs
kua ig`di quh kàg hsthjd
gu trdbdimdlgrhs sgb `gktrgig
quh vfdjda lfrhtgdtfvfldlhs
pdrd rhdifzdr ld grodkfzdïàg, tdfs `ga
rhid`fgkdlds `gagg
trdbdimg kgutrg ig`di (p. hx. trdbdimdlgrhs lgs `grrhfgs, agtgrfstds lh dutg`drrg, phssgdi lh
shrvfïg vfdjdklg h trdbdimdklg kds fkstdidïøhs lh ua ìfhkth)5
K^ FPG <8>>4
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0) trdbdimdlgrhs kg lgaf`áifg, gu dquhihs quh trdbdimda sgzfkmgs5
c) dithrdïøhs kg `gkmh`fahktg h fkcgradïøhs sgbrh gs phrfogs:

4) ds cgkths lh `gkmh`fahktg, fkcgradïàg h kgvgs `gkmh`fahktgs sgbrh phrfogs pglha fkìufr
ifthrdturd pubif`dld, phsqufsd h lhshkvgivfahktg, rhtgrkg lh fkcgradïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs h
rhvfsàg ld prðprfd hxphrfêk`fd gphrd`fgkdi ld grodkfzdïàg5
2) hssds cgkths pglha cgrkh`hr kgvds fkcgradïøhs sgbrh gs phrfogs h gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\.
D.3.4.2.2 Dprh`fdïàg lgs

lgs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ h gutrgs rfs`gs pdrd g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\
Xad grodkfzdïàg pglh usdr lfchrhkths aætglgs pdrd dprh`fdr gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ `gag pdrth ld sud
hstrdtæofd ohrdi pdrd trdtdr lfchrhkths phrfogs gu dtfvfldlhs. G aætglg h d `gapihxfldlh ld dprh`fdïàg
kàg lhphklha ld lfahksàg ld grodkfzdïàg, ads lgs rfs`gs dssg`fdlgs îs dtfvfldlhs ld grodkfzdïàg.
Gutrgs rfs`gs pdrd g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ tdabæa lhvhràg shr dprh`fdlgs usdklg aætglgs
dprgprfdlgs.
Gs prg`hssgs
gphrdïøhs pdrd d dprh`fdïàg
h lh`fsøhs lg lfd-d-lfdlg(p.
rfs`g
hx.:pdrd
pf`gsg kg
sfsthad
ciuxg lh
lh ohstàg ld rhhstruturdïàg),
trdbdimg, PP\ lhvhràg `gksflhrdr ds
bha `gag
quhstøhs hxthrkds (p. hx.: dithrdïøhs h`gkðaf`ds). Ds ahtglgigofds pglha fkìufr d `gksuitd `gktákud
lgs trdbdimdlgrhs dchtdlgs pgr dtfvfldlhs lfärfds (p. hx.: dithrdïøhs kd `drod lh trdbdimg),
agkftgrfzdïàg h `gaukf`dïàg lh kgvgs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs (p. hx.: rhcgrad
rhouidahktdr, rhvfsøhs lh d`grlgs `gihtfvgs rhid`fgkdlgs `ga d shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg) h
dsshourdr quh gs rhùrsgs sàg sucf`fhkths pdrd ds kh`hssfldlhs hxfsthkths h ha dithrdïàg (p. hx.:
cgradïàg ha, gu dqufsfïàg lh, kgvgs gu ahimgrdlgs hqufpdahktgs gu cgrkh`fahktgs).
cg rkh`fahktgs).
D.3.4.2.0 Dprh`fdïàg lds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d PP\ h gutrds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd g sfsthad lh
ohstàg ld PP\
G prg`hssg pdrd dprh`fdïàg lhvhrä `gksflhrdr ds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d PP\ h gutrds gpgrtukfldlhs
lhthrafkdlds, gs shus bhkhcá`fgs h g pgthk`fdi pdrd ahimgrdr
ahimg rdr g lhshaphkmg ld PP\.
D.3.4.0 Lhthrafkdïàg
Lhthrafkdïàg lgs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs
d) Gs rhqufsftgs ihodfs, pglha fkìufr:
4) ihofsidïàg (kd`fgkdi, rhof
rhofgkdi
gkdi gu fkthrkd`fgkdi), fkìufklg hstdtutgs h rhouidahktgs5
2) lh`rhtgs h lfrhtfvds5
0) grlhks haftflds phigs ðroàgs rrhouidlgrhs5
houidlgrhs5
<) tátuigs, if`hkïds gu gutrds ccgrads
grads lh dutgrfzdïàg5
8) shkthkïds lh trfbukdfs 5
3) trdtdlgs, `gkvhkïøhs, prgtg`gigs5
?) d`grlgs `gihtfvgs lh trdbdimg.
b) gutrgs rhqufsftgs, pglha fkìufr:
4) gs rhqufsftgs ld grodkfzdïàg5
2) ds `gklfïøhs `gktrdtudfs5
0) `gktrdtgs lh trdbdimg5
K^ FPG <8>>4
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<) d`grlgs `ga ds pdrths fk
fkthrhssdlds5
thrhssdlds5
8) d`grlgs `ga ds dutgrfldlhs lh sdúlh5

3) kgrads kàg rhouidahktdrhs, kgrads lh `gkshksg h lfrhtrfzhs5
?) prfk`ápfgs vgiuktärfgs, `ðlfogs lh bgds prätf`ds, hsph`fcf`dïøhs tæ`kf`ds, `drtds (’`mdrthr ‑)5
‑)5
=) `gaprgafssgs púbif`gs ld grodkf
grodkfzdïàg
zdïàg gu ld sud `dsd-aàh.
D.3.4.< îdkhdahktg
îdkhdahktg lh dïøhs
Ds dïøhs pidkhdlds lhvhràg shr ohrflds prfk`fpdiahkth dtrdvæs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ h lhvhràg
hkvgivhr d fkthordïàg `ga gutrgs prg`hssgs lh khoð`fg, `gag gs hstdbhih`flgs pdrd d ohstàg
dabfhktdi, qudifldlh, `gktfkufldlh lg khoð`fg, rfs`g, rhùrsgs cfkdk`hfrgs gu muadkgs. Æ hxphtävhi
quh d fapihahktdïàg lds dïøhs lhcfkflds phraftd dtfkofr gs rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs lg sfsthad lh
ohstàg ld PP\.
Tudklg d dprh`fdïàg lgs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ gu gutrgs rfs`gs tfvhr flhktfcf`dlg d kh`hssfldlh lh
`gktrgigs,
(vhr Ph`ïàgd =)5
dtfvfldlh lh pidkhdahktg
pgr hxhapig, lhthrafkd
lhthrafkdr d cgrad
fk`grpgrdr hsshs `gag hsthsha
`gktrgigs sàgfkstruïøhs
fapihahktdlgs kd gphrdïàg
lh trdbdimg gu ha
dïøhs pdrd ahimgrdr d `gaphtêk`fd. Gutrgs `gktrgigs pglha dssuafr d cgrad lh ahlfïàg gu lh
agkftgrfzdïàg (vhr Ph`ïàg 6).
Ds dïøhs pdrd trdtdr rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs lhvhràg shr tdabæa `gksflhrdlds kd ohstàg lds
dithrdïøhs (vhr =.4.0), pdrd dsshourdr quh kàg g`grrha `gkshquêk`fds kàg prhthklflds.
D.3.2 Gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ h pidkhdahktg

pidkhdahktg pdrd gs dtfkofr
D.3.2.4 Gbjhtfvgs ld PP\

Gs gbjhtfvgs sàg hstdbhih`flgs pdrd adkthr h ahimgrdr g lhshaphkmg ld PP\. Gs gbjhtfvgs lhvhràg
hstdr ifodlgs dgs rfs`gs h gpgrtukfldlhs h `rftærfgs lh lhshaphkmg quh d grodkfzdïàg flhktfcf`gu `gag
shklg kh`hssärfgs pdrd d `gkshùïàg lgs rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg
oh stàg ld PP\.
Gs gbjhtfvgs
cukïøhs ld PP\
h kávhfs pglha shr
rhihvdkths. fkthordlgspglha
Gs gbjhtfvgs `ga gutrgs gbjhtfvgs lg
shr hstrdtæof`gs, khoð`fg
tätf`gs ghphrd`fgkdfs:
lhvhràg shr lhcfkflgs kds
gu gphrd`fgkdfs:
d) gbjhtfvgs hstrdtæof`gs pglha shr lhcfkflgs pdrd ahimgrdr g lhshaphkmg oigbdi lg sfsthad lh
ohstàg ld PP\ (p. hx. hifafkdr d hxpgsfïàg dg ruálg)5
b) gbjhtfvgs tätf`gs pglha shr lhcfkflgs dg kávhi ld fkstdidïàg, prgjhtg gu prg`hssg (p. hx. rhluzfr g
ruálg kd cgkth)5
`) gbjhtfvgs gphrd`fgkdfs pglha shr lhcfkflgs dg kávhi ld dtfvfldlh (p. hx. hk`dpsuidr aäqufkds
fklfvfludfs pdrd rhluzfr g ruálg).
D ahlfïàg lgs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ pglh shr qudiftdtfvd gu qudktftdtfvd. Ds ahlflds qudiftdtfvds pglha
shr hstfadtfvds, tdfs `gag ds gbtflds d pdrtfr lh fkquærftgs, hktrhvfstds h gbshrvdïøhs. Kàg æ rhquhrflg
quh d grodkfzdïàg hstdbhihïd gbjhtfvgs ld PP\ pdrd `dld rfs`g h gpgrtukfldlh
g pgrtukfldlh quh lhthrafkd.
D.3.2.2 îdkhdahktg
îdkhdahktg pdrd dtfkofr gs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\
D grodkfzdïàg pglh pidkhdr dtfkofr gs gbjhtfvgs fklfvfludi gu `gihtfvdahkth. Tudklg kh`hssärfg,
pglha shr lhshkvgivflgs pidkgs pdrd aúitfpigs gbjhtfvgs.
K^ FPG <8>>4
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D grodkfzdïàg lhvhrä hxdafkdr gs rhùrsgs kh`hssärfgs (p. hx. cfkdk`hfrgs, muadkgs, hqufpdahktgs,
fkcrdhstruturd) pdrd dtfkofr gs shus gbjhtfvgs.
Tudklg pgssávhi, `dld gbjhtfvg lhvhrä shr dssg`fdlg d ua fklf`dlgr quh pglh shr hstrdtæof`g, tätf`g gu
gphrd`fgkdi.
D.? Pupgrth
D.?.4 Rhùrsgs
Hxhapigs lh rhùrsgs fkìuha rhùrsgs muadkgs, rhùrsgs kdturdfs, fkcrdhstruturd, th`kgigofd h
rhùrsgs cfkdk`hfrgs.
Hxhapigs lh fkcrdhstruturd fkìuha gs hlfcá`fgs ld grodkfzdïàg, fkstdidïøhs, hqufpdahktgs, utfifldlhs,
th`kgigofd lh fkcgradïàg h sfsthads lh `gaukf`dïàg, h sfsthads lh `gkthkïàg lh hahroêk`fd.
D.?.2 @gaphtêk`fds
D `gaphtêk`fd lgs trdbdimdlgrhs lhvhrä fkìufr g `gkmh`fahktg h ds qudifcf`dïøhs kh`hssärfds pdrd

flhktfcf`dr gs phrfogs h ifldr `ga gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ dssg`fdlgs dg shu trdbdimg h dg ig`di lh trdbdimg.
Kd lhthrafkdïàg lgs `rftærfgs lh `gaphtêk`fd pdrd `dld cukïàg, d grodkfzdïàg lhvhrä thr ha `gktd,
quhstøhs tdfs `gag:
d) d hs`gidrfldlh, cgradïàg, qudifcf`dïàg h hxphrfêk`fd kh`hssärfd pdrd dssuafr g pdphi h cgradïàg
`gktákud kh`hssärfd, pdrd adkthr d `gaphtêk`fd5
b) g dabfhkth lh trdbdimg5
`) ds ahlflds prhvhktfvds h lh `gktrgig rhsuitdkths lg(s) prg`hssg(s) lh dprh`fdïàg lg rfs`g5
l) gs rhqufsftgs dpif`ävhfs dg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\5
h) gs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs5
c) d pgiátf`d ld PP\5
o) ds `gkshquêk`fds pgthk`fdfs lg ùaprfahktg h kàg ùaprfahktg, fkìufklg g fapd`tg kd
shourdkïd h sdúlh lg trdbdimdlgr5
m) g vdigr ld pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs kg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\, `ga bdsh kgs shus
`gkmh`fahktgs h sdbhrhs5
f) gs lhvhrhs h rhspgksdbfifldlhs dssg`fdlds îs suds cukïøhs5
j) ds `dpd`fldlhs fklfvfludfs, fkìufklg d hxphrfêk`fd, mdbfifldlhs ifkouástf`ds, ifthrd`fd h lfvhrsfldlh5
e) d dtudifzdïàg lds `gaphtêk`fds rhihvdkths kh`hssärfds chftds phig `gkthxtg gu dithrdïøhs kg
trdbdimg.
Gs trdbdimdlgrhs pglha djuldr d grodkfzdïàg d lhthrafkdr ds `gaphtêk`fds kh`hssärfds pdrd ds
cukïøhs.
Gs trdbdimdlgrhs lhvhràg thr d kh`hssärfd `gaphtêk`fd pdrd sh dcdstdr lh sftudïøhs lh phrfog ordvh h
fafkhkth. ^drd hsth
sucf`fhkth sgbrh cfa, æh fapgrtdkth
gs phrfogs quh dgs
rfs`gs dssg`fdlgs trdbdimdlgrhs
dg shu trdbdimg. thkmd sflg prgpgr`fgkdld cgradïàg
@gkcgrah g `dsg, gs trdbdimdlgrhs lhvhràg rh`hbhr cgradïàg kh`hssärfd pdrd quh pgssda
lhshaphkmdr ds suds cukïøhs lh rhprhshktdkths pdrd d shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg lh cgrad hcf`dz.
K^ FPG <8>>4
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Ha auftgs pdáshs, æ ua rhqufsftg ihodi prgpgr`fgkdr cgradïàg sha khkmua ùstg pdrd gs
trdbdimdlgrhs.
D.?.0 @gks`fhk`fdifzdïàg
Diæa lgs trdbdimdlgrhs (hsph`fdiahkth gs trdbdimdlgrhs thapgrärfgs), gs prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs, gs
vfsftdkths h qudfsquhr gutrds pdrths lhvhràg hstdr `gks`fhkths lgs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ dgs qudfs hstàg
hxpgstgs.
D.?.< @gaukf`dïàg
Gs prg`hssgs lh `gaukf`dïàg hstdbhih`flgs phid grodkfzdïàg lhvhràg prgpgr`fgkdr d rh`gimd,
dtudifzdïàg h lfvuiodïàg ld fkcgradïàg. Lhvhràg dsshourdr quh d fkcgradïàg rhihvdkth æ cgrkh`fld,
rh`hbfld h `gaprhhklfld pgr tglgs gs trdbdimdlgrhs rhihvdkths h phids pdrths fkthrhssdlds.
D.?.8 Fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld

Æ fapgrtdkth adkthr d `gapihxfldlh ld fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld kg kávhi aákfag pgssávhi pdrd
odrdktfr d hcf`ä`fd, hcf`fêk`fd h sfapif`fldlh dg ahsag thapg.
tha pg.
\di lhvhrä fkìufr fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld d`hr`d lg pidkhdahktg pdrd ùaprfr gs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h
gutrgs rhqufsftgs h d`hr`d lds dvdifdïøhs ld hcf`ä`fd lhssds dïøhs.
Ds dïøhs lhs`rftds ha ?.8.0 sàg pdrtfùidrahkth vg`d`fgkdlds pdrd prhvhkfr g usg kàg fkthk`fgkdi lh
fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld gbsgihtd.
Hxhapigs lh fkcgradïàg `gkcflhk`fdi fkìuha d fkcgradïàg phssgdi h aælf`d.
D.= Gphrd`fgkdifzdïàg
D.=.4 îdkhdahktg
îdkhdahktg h `gktrgig gphrd`fgkdi
D.=.4.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs
Kh`hssftda shrdhstdbhih`flgs
pdrd ahimgrdr h fapihahktdlgs
shourdkïd h sdúlh pidkgs
kg trdbdimg, phid h `gktrgigs
hifafkdïàg lgsgphrd`fgkdfs
phrfogs gu, sh`gkcgrah kh`hssärfg
kàg prdtf`ävhi, phid
rhluïàg lgs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ pdrd kávhfs tàg bdfxgs qudktg rdzgdvhiahkth pgssávhi, pdrd ds ärhds h
dtfvfldlhs gphrd`fgkdfs.
Hxhapigs lh `gktrgig gphrd`fgkdi lgs prg`hssgs fkìuha:
d) d utfifzdïàg lh prg`hlfahktgs h sfsthads lh trdbdimg5
b) odrdktfr d `gaphtêk`fd lgs trdbdimdlgrhs5
`) hstdbhih`fahktg lh prgordads lh fksphïàg h adkuthkïàg prhvhktfvd/prhlftfvd5
l) hsph`fcf`dïøhs pdrd g prg`hssg lh dqufsfïøhs lh bhks h shrvfïgs5
h) dpif`dïàg lh rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs gu fkstruïøhs lg cdbrf`dkth lgs hqufpdahktgs5
c) `gktrgigs dlafkfstrdtfvgs h lh hkohkmdrfd5
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o) dldptdïàg lg trdbdimg dgs trdbdimdlgrhs5 pgr hxhapig, pgr:
4) lhcfkfïàg, gu rhlhcfkfïàg, lh `gag g tr

trdbdimg
dbdimg æ grodkfzdlg5
2) fkluïàg lh trdbdimdlgrhs rh`æa-dlaftflgs5
0) lhcfkfïàg, gu rhlhcfkfïàg, lh prg`hssgs h dabfhkths lh trdbdimg5
<) utfifzdïàg lh dbgrldohks hrogkðaf`ds dqudklg ld `gk`hïàg lh ua kgvg ig`di lh trdbdimg h
kgvgs hqufpdahktgs, gu kd sud aglfcf`dïàg, hktrh gutrgs.
D.=.4.2 Hifafkdïàg lgs phrfogs h rhluïàg lgs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\

D mfhrdrqufd lgs `gktrgigs lhstfkd-sh d prgpgr`fgkdr uad dbgrldoha sfsthaätf`d pdrd ahimgrdr d
shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg, hifafkdr gs phrfogs, h rhluzfr gu `gktrgidr gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\. @dld
`gktrgig æ `gksflhrdlg ahkgs hcf`dz lg quh g dkthrfgr. Æ usudi `gabfkdr värfgs `gktrgigs pdrd thr
su`hssg kd rhluïàg lgs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\, pdrd ua kávhi quh shjd tàg bdfxg qudktg rdzgdvhiahkth
prdtf`ävhi.
Gs hxhapigs shoufkths sàg ldlgs pdrd fiustrdr ds ahlflds quh pglha shr fapihahktdlds ha `dld
kávhi:
d) Hifafkdïàg: rhagvhr g phrfog5 pdrdr lh usdr prglutgs quáaf`gs phrfogsgs5 dpif`dr dbgrldohks
hrogkðaf`ds dg pidkhdr kgvgs ig`dfs lh trdbdimg5 hifafkdr g trdbdimg agkðtgkg gu g trdbdimg quh
`dusd strhssh khodtfvg5 rhagïàg lh hapfimdlgrhs lh uad ärhd.
b) Pubstftufïàg: substftufr g phrfogsg pgr ahkgs phrfogsg5 dithrdr g dthklfahktg d rhìdadïøhs lh
ìfhkths pdrd gk-ifkh5 `gabdthr gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ kd cgkth5 dldptdïàg dg prgorhssg tæ`kf`g (p. hx.
substftufklg d tfktd î bdsh lh sgivhkth pgr tfktd î bdsh lh äoud5 dithrdïàg lh adthrfdi lh ua pfsg
hs`grrhodlfg5 rhluïàg lh rhqufsftgs lh thksàg pdrd hqufpdahktgs).
`) @gktrgigs lh hkohkmdrfd, rhgrodkfzdïàg lg trdbdimg, gu dabgs: fsgidr phssgds lg phrfog5
fapihahktdr ahlflds lh prgthïàg `gihtfvd (p. hx. fsgidahktg, prgthïàg lh aäqufkds, sfsthads lh
vhktfidïàg)5 agvfahktdïàg ah`âkf`d5 rhluïàg lg ruálg5 prgthïàg `gktrd quhlds ha diturd usdklg
oudrld `grpgs5 rhgrodkfzdr g trdbdimg pdrd hvftdr quh ds phssgds trdbdimha sgzfkmds, ds mgrds lh
trdbdimg h d `drod lh trdbdimg kàg sdulävhfs, gu pdrd prhvhkfr d vftfafzdïàg.
l) @gktrgigs dlafkfstrdtfvgs fkìufklg cgradïàg: rhdifzdïàg lh fksphïøhs phrfðlf`ds lh hqufpdahktgs
lh shourdkïd5 rhdifzdïàg lh cgradïàg pdrd prhvhkfr fktfafldïàg h dssælfg5 ohstàg ld `ggrlhkdïàg
ld shourdkïd h sdúlh `ga ds dtfvfldlhs lgs sub`gktrdtdlgs5 rhdifzdïàg lh cgradïàg lh fkluïàg5
dsshourdr `drtd lh `gkluïàg lh hapfimdlgrhs5 cgrkh`hr fkstruïøhs sgbrh `gag rhidtdr fk`flhkths,
kàg `gkcgrafldlhs h vftfafzdïàg sha rh`hfg lh rhprhsäifds5 dithrdr gs rhofahs lh trdbdimg (p. hx.
turkgs lh trdbdimdlgrhs)5 ohrfr ua prgordad lh vfofiâk`fd aælf`d gu lh sdúlh pdrd gs
trdbdimdlgrhs quh cgrda flhktfcf`dlgs `gag ha rfs`g (p. hx. rhid`fgkdlgs `ga dulfïàg, vfbrdïàg lg
sfsthad aàg-brdïg, dchïøhs rhspfrdtðrfds, dchïøhs ùtâkhds gu sftudïøhs lh hxpgsfïàg)5 cgrkh`hr
fkstruïøhs dlhqudlds dgs trdbdimdlgrhs (p. hx. prg`hssgs lh `gktrgig lh d`hssgs).
h) Hqufpdahktgs lh prgthïàg fklfvfludi (H^F): cgrkh`hr H^F dlhqudlg, fkìufklg vhstuärfg h
fkstruïøhs pdrd utfifzdïàg h adkuthkïàg lh H^F (p. hx. `diïdlg lh prgthïàg, ðùigs lh prgthïàg,
prgthïàg dulftfvd, iuvds).
D.=.4.0 Ohstàg lds dithrdïøhs

dithrdïøhs
G gbjhtfvg lh ua prg`hssg lh ohstàg lds dithrdïøhs æ g lh ahimgrdr d shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg,
afkfafzdklg d fktrgluïàg lh kgvgs phrfogs h rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ kg dabfhkth lh trdbdimg, qudklg
K^ FPG <8>>4
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g`grrha dithrdïøhs (p. hx.: kd th`kgigofd, kgs hqufpdahktgs, kds fkstdidïøhs, kds prätf`ds h
prg`hlfahktgs
phssgdi lh trdbdimg,
h kds kgrads kds hsph`fcf`dïøhs
gu rhouidahktgs). lg prgjhtg,
Lhphklhklg kds adtærfds-prfads,
ld kdturhzd kds dithrdïøhs
lh uad dithrdïàg hsphrdld,lhd
grodkfzdïàg pglh usdr ahtglgigofds dprgprfdlds (p. hx. rhvfsàg lh lhsfok) pdrd dprh`fdr gs rfs`gs pdrd
d PP\ h ds gpgrtukfldlhs pdrd d PP\ rhid`fgkdlds `ga d dithrdïàg. D kh`hssfldlh lh ohrfr d dithrdïàg
pglh shr ua rhsuitdlg lg pidkhdahktg (vhr 3.4.<).
D.=.4.< ^rg`hssg lh dqufsfïøhs
D.=.4.<.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs
G(s) prg`hssg(s) lh dqufsfïøhs lhvhrä(àg) shr utfifzdlg(s) pdrd lhthrafkdr, dprh`fdr h hifafkdr
phrfogs, h rhluzfr gs rfs`gs pdrd d PP\ dssg`fdlgs, pgr hxhapig d prglutgs, adthrfdfs gu substâk`fds
phrfogsds, adtærfds-prfads, hqufpdahktgs gu shrvfïgs, dkths ld sud fktrgluïàg kg ig`di lh trdbdimg.
G(s) prg`hssg (s) lh dqufsfïøhs ld grodkfzdïàg lhvhrä(àg) trdtdr gs rhqufsftgs, pgr hxhapig, lh
cgrkh`fahktgs, hqufpdahktgs, adtærfds-prfads h gutrgs bhks h shrvfïgs rhid`fgkdlgs `gaprdlgs phid
grodkfzdïàg
lhvhrä trdtdrpdrd sh dlhqudrha
qudiquhr dglhsfsthad
kh`hssfldlh lh(vhr
`gksuitd ohstàg
8.<) ld PP\ ld grodkfzdïàg.
h `gaukf`dïàg (vhr ?.<). G prg`hssg tdabæa
D grodkfzdïàg lhvhrä vhrfcf`dr sh gs hqufpdahktgs, fkstdidïøhs h adthrfdfs sàg shourgs pdrd usg phigs
trdbdimdlgrhs, dsshourdklg quh:
d) g hqufpdahktg æ hktrhouh lh d`grlg `ga d hsph`fcf`dïàg h æ thstdlg pdrd odrdktfr quh cuk`fgkd
`gag prhthklflg5
b) ds fkstdidïøhs sàg `gafssfgkdlds pdrd odrdktfr quh cuk`fgkda `gag prgjhtdlg5
`) gs adthrfdfs sàg hktrhouhs lh d`grlg `ga ds suds hsph`fcf`dïøhs5
l) sàg `gaukf`dlgs h lfspgkfbfifzdlgs qudfsquhr rhqufsftgs pdrd usg, pdrd prh`duïøhs gu gutrds
ahlflds lh prgthïàg.
D.=.4.<.2 ^rhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs

D kh`hssfldlh lh `ggrlhkdïàg rh`gkmh`h quh diouks prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs (gu shjd, cgrkh`hlgrhs
hxthrkgs) pgssuha `gkmh`fahktgs, sdbhr cdzhr, aætglgs h ahfgs hsph`fdifzdlgs.
Hxhapigs lh dtfvfldlhs h gphrdïøhs lh prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs fkìuha adkuthkïàg, `gkstruïàg,
gphrdïøhs, vfofiâk`fd, ifaphzd h värfds gutrds cukïøhs. Gs prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs tdabæa pglha
fkìufr `gksuitgrhs gu hsph`fdifstds ha cukïøhs dlafkfstrdtfvds, `gktdbfifldlh h gutrds. D dtrfbufïàg lh
dtfvfldlhs dgs prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs kàg hifafkd d rhspgksdbfifldlh ld grodkfzdïàg qudktg î
shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs.
Xad grodkfzdïàg pglh dsshourdr d `ggrlhkdïàg lds dtfvfldlhs lgs shus prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs
dtrdvæs lg hstdbhih`fahktg lh `gktrdtgs quh lhcfkda ìdrdahkth ds rhspgksdbfifldlhs lds pdrths
hkvgivflds. Xad grodkfzdïàg pglh usdr lfvhrsds chrrdahktds pdrd d ohstàg lg lhshaphkmg ld PP\ lgs
prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs kg ig`di lh trdbdimg (p. hx. ah`dkfsags lh rh`gaphksd `gktrdtudfs gu
`rftærfgs lh præ-qudifcf`dïàg, quh `gksflhrha g lhshaphkmg ha shourdkïd h sdúlh pdssdlgs, cgradïàg
ha shourdkïd, gu `dpd`fldlhs ha shourdkïd h sdúlh, bha `gag rhqufsftgs pdrd
p drd `gktrdtdïàg lfrhtd).
Kd `ggrlhkdïàg `ga gs prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs, d grodkfzdïàg lhvhrä `gksflhrdr gs rhpgrths lh rfs`gs
hktrh sf h shus prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs, g `gktrgig lgs d`hssgs lgs trdbdimdlgrhs îs ärhds phrfogsds h
gs prg`hlfahktgs d shoufr ha hahroêk`fds. D grodkfzdïàg lhvhrä hsph`fcf`dr `gag g prhstdlgr lh
shrvfïgs `ggrlhkdrä ds suds dtfvfldlhs `ga gs prðprfgs prg`hssgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ ld
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grodkfzdïàg (p. hx. dquhihs usdlgs pdrd `gktrgidr gs d`hssgs, hktrdld ha hspdïgs `gkcfkdlgs, dvdifdïàg
ld hxpgsfïàg h ohstàg ld shourdkïd prg`hssudi) h pdrd g rhpgrth lh fk`flhkths.

D grodkfzdïàg lhvhrä vhrfcf`dr quh gs prhstdlgrhs lh shrvfïgs sàg `dpdzhs lh hxhùtdr ds suds tdrhcds
dkths lh pglhr `gktfkudr `ga shu trdbdimg, pgr hxhapig, pgr
p gr ahfg ld vhrfcf`dïàg lh quh:
d) gs rhofstgs lh lhshaphkmg ld PP\ sàg sdtfscdtðrfgs5
b) gs `rftærfgs lh `gaphtêk`fd, qudifcf`dïàg, hxphrfêk`fd pdrd gs trdbdimdlgrhs hstàg hsph`fcf`dlgs (p.
hx. dtrdvæs lh cgradïàg)5
`) gs rhùrsgs, hqufpdahktgs h prhpdrdïøhs lh trdbdimg sàg dlhqudlgs h lfspgkávhfs pdrd g trdbdimg
prgsshoufr.
D.=.4.<.0 Pub`gktrdtdïàg
Pub`gktrdtdïàg
Dg sub`gktrdtdr, d grodkfzdïàg kh`hssftd lh thr `gktrgig lds cukïøhs h prg`hssgs sub`gktrdtdlgs pdrd
di`dkïdr g(s) rhsuitdlg(s) prhthklflg(s) lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\. Kds cukïøhs h prg`hssgs
sub`gktrdtdlgs, d rhspgksdbfifldlh phid `gkcgrafldlh `ga gs rhqufsftgs lhsth lgùahktg æ rhtfld
phid grodkfzdïàg.
D grodkfzdïàg lhvhrä hstdbhih`hr d hxthksàg lg `gktrgig sgbrh d(s) cukïàg(øhs) sub`gktrdtdld(s) gu
prg`hssg(s) `ga bdsh ha cdtgrhs, tdfs `gag:
 d `dpd`fldlh ld grodkfzdïàg hxthrkd lh fr dg hk`gktrg lgs rhqufsftgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\
ld grodkfzdïàg5
 d `gaphtêk`fd tæ`kf`d ld grodkfzdïàg pdrd lhcfkfr `gktrgigs dlhqudlgs gu dvdifdr d dlhqudïàg lgs
`gktrgigs5
 g hchftg pgthk`fdi quh g prg`hssg gu cukïàg sub`gktrdtdlg thrä sgbrh d `dpd`fldlh ld grodkfzdïàg
lh dtfkofr g rhsuitdlg prhthklflg lg shu sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\5
 d hxthksàg kd qudi g prg`hssg gu d cukïàg sub`gktrdtdld æ pdrtfimdld5
 d `dpd`fldlh ld grodkfzdïàg pdrd di`dkïdr g `gktrgig kh`hssärfg dtrdvæs ld dpif`dïàg lg shu
prg`hssg lh dqufsfïøhs5
 gpgrtukfldlhs lh ahimgrfd.
Ha diouks pdáshs, gs rhqufsftgs ihodfs trdtda cukïøhs gu prg`hssgs sub`gktrdtdlgs.
D.=.2 ^rhpdrdïàg h rhspgstd d hahroêk`fds

Gs pidkgs lh prhpdrdïàg pdrd hahroêk`fds pglha fkìufr hvhktgs kdturdfs, tæ`kf`gs h ohrdlgs phig
mgaha quh g`grrha lhktrg h cgrd lg mgrärfg
m grärfg kgradi lh trdbdimg.
D.6 Dvdifdïàg lg lhshaphkmg

lhshaphkmg
D.6.4 Agkftgrfzdïàg,
Agkftgrfzdïàg, ahlfïàg, dkäifsh h dvdifdïàg lg lhshaphkmg
D.6.4.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs
^drd di`dkïdr gs rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\, gs prg`hssgs lhvhràg shr
agkftgrfzdlgs, ahlflgs h dkdifsdlgs.
d) Hxhapigs lg quh pglhrä shr agkftgrfzdlg h ahlflg pglha fkìufr, ads kàg hstàg ifaftdlgs d:
K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. <? lh 84
4) quhfxds lh sdúlh kg trdbdimg, sdúlh lgs trdbdimdlgrhs (dtrdvæs ld vfofiâk`fd) h dabfhkth lh
trdbdimg5
2) fk`flhkths, ihsøhs h dchïøhs ld sdúlh h quhfxds rhid`fgkdlgs `ga g trdbdimg, fkìufklg ds
thklêk`fds5
0) hcf`ä`fd lgs `gktrgigs gphrd`fgkdfs h hxhr`á`
hxhr`á`fgs
fgs lh hahroêk`fd, gu d kh`hssfldlh lh aglfcf`dr gu
fktrgluzfr kgvgs `gktrgigs5
<) `gaphtêk`fd.
b) Hxhapigs lg quh pglhrä shr agkftgrfzdlg h ahlflg pdrd dvdifdr g ùaprfahktg lgs rhqufsftgs
ihodfs pglha fkìufr, ads kàg hstàg ifaftdlgs d:
4) rhqufsftgs ihodfs flhktfcf`dlgs (p. hx. sh tglgs gs rhqufsftgs ihodfs cgrda lhthrafkdlgs h sh ds
fkcgradïøhs lgùahktdlds ld grodkfzdïàg sàg adktflds dtudifzdlds)5
2) d`grlgs `gihtfvgs (qudklg iihodiahkth
hodiahkth vfkùidtfvgs)5
0) g hstdlg lds idùkds fflhktfcf`dlds
lhktfcf`dlds kg ùaprfahktg.
`) Hxhapigs lg quh pglhrä shr agkftgrfzdlg h ahlflg pdrd dvdifdr g ùaprfahktg lh gutrgs
rhqufsftgs pglha fkìufr, ads kàg hstàg ifaftdlgs d:
4) d`grlgs `gihtfvgs (qudklg k
kàg
àg ihodiahkth vfkùidtfvgs)5
2) kgrads h `ðlfogs5
0) pgiátf`ds `grpgrdtfvds h gutrds, rhords h rhouidahktgs5
<) rhqufsftgs lh shourdlgrds5
l) Gs `rftærfgs sàg g quh d grodkfzdïàg pglh utfifzdr
utf ifzdr pdrd `gapdrdr g shu lhshaphkmg:
4) Hxhapigs sàg dkäifshs `gapdr
`gapdrdtfvds
dtfvds ha rhidïàg d:
f) gutrds grodkfzdïøhs5
ff) kgrads h `ðlfogs5
fff) gs prðprfgs `ðlfogs h gbjhtfvgs ld grodkfzdïàg5
fv) hstdtástf`ds ld PP\.
2) ^drd ahlfr `rftærfgs, tfpf`dahkth sàg utfifzdlgs fklf`dlgrhs5 pgr hxhapig:
f) Ph g `rftærfg æ uad `gapdrdïàg lh fk`flhkths, d grodkfzdïàg pglhrä gptdr pgr `gksflhrdr d
crhquêk`fd, tfpg, ordvfldlh gu kúahrg lh fk`flhkths5 hktàg, g fklf`dlgr pglhrfd shr uad
lhthrafkdld tdxd lhktrg ld `dld ua lhsths `rftærfgs5
ff) Ph g `rftærfg æ uad `gapdrdïàg lh dïøhs `grrhtfvds `gkìuálds, hktàg g fklf`dlgr pglhrfd shr
d phr`hktdoha `gkìuáld lhktrg lg prdzg.
D agkftgrfzdïàg pglh hkvgivhr d vhrfcf`dïàg `gktákud, suphrvfsàg, gbshrvdïàg `rátf`d gu lhthrafkdïàg
lg hstdlg d cfa lh flhktfcf`dr d dithrdïàg lg kávhi lh lhshaphkmg rhquhrflg gu hsphrdlg. D
agkftgrfzdïàg pglh shr dpif`dld dg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\, d prg`hssgs gu `gktrgigs. Hxhapigs
fkìuha g usg lh hktrhvfstds, rhvfsøhs lh fkcgradïàg lgùahktdld h gbshrvdïøhs ld hxhùïàg lgs
trdbdimgs.
D ahlfïàg ohrdiahkth hkvgivh d dtrfbufïàg lh kúahrgs d gbjhtgs gu hvhktgs. Æ d bdsh pdrd gs ldlgs
qudktftdtfvgs h hstä ohrdiahkth dssg`fdld î dvdifdïàg lg lhshaphkmg lgs prgordads lh shourdkïd h
K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. <= lh 84
vfofiâk`fd ld sdúlh. Hxhapigs fkìuha g usg lh hqufpdahktg `difbrdlg gu vhrfcf`dlg pdrd ahlfr d
hxpgsfïàg
phrfog. d uad substâk`fd phrfogsd gu g `äiùig ld lfstâk`fd lh shourdkïd rhidtfvdahkth d ua
D dkäifsh æ g prg`hssg lh hxdafkdr gs ldlgs pdrd rhvhidr rhidïøhs, pdlrøhs h thklêk`fds. \di pglh
sfokfcf`dr g usg lh tæ`kf`ds hstdtástf`ds, fkìufklg fkcgradïøhs lh gutrds grodkfzdïøhs shahimdkths,
pdrd djuldr d tfrdr `gkìusøhs d pdrtfr lgs ldlgs. Hsth prg`hssg æ adfs crhquhkthahkth dssg`fdlg d
dtfvfldlhs lh ahlfïàg.
D dvdifdïàg lg lhshaphkmg æ uad dtfvfldlh hxhùtdld pdrd lhthrafkdr d phrtfkêk`fd, dlhqudïàg h
hcf`ä`fd lg dssuktg pdrd dtfkofr gs gbjhtfvgs hstdbhih`flgs lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\.
D.6.4.2 Dvdifdïàg lg ùaprfahktg

ùaprfahktg
D crhquêk`fd h d `dihkldrfzdïàg lds dvdifdïøhs lg ùaprfahktg pglha vdrfdr lhphklhklg ld
fapgrtâk`fd lg rhqufsftg, vdrfdïøhs kds `gklfïøhs gphrd`fgkdfs, dithrdïøhs kgs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h
gutrgs rhqufsftgs h lhshaphkmg pdssdlg ld grodkfzdïàg. Xad grodkfzdïàg pglh usdr uad vdrfhldlh
lh aætglgs pdrd adkthr g shu `gkmh`fahktg h `gaprhhksàg
`g aprhhksàg d`hr`d lg shu hstdlg lh ùaprfahktg.
D.6.2 Dulftgrfd fkthrkd

fkthrkd
D hxthksàg lg prgordad lh dulftgrfd lhvhrä shr bdshdld kd `gapihxfldlh h kávhi lh adturfldlh lg
Xad grodkfzdïàg pglh hstdbhih`hr d gbjhtfvfldlh h fapdr`fdifldlh ld dulftgrfd fkthrkd, `rfdklg
prg`hssgs quh shpdrha gs pdpæfs `gag dulftgr fkthrkg lds suds cukïøhs kgradfs gu d grodkfzdïàg
tdabæa pglh utfifzdr phssgds hxthrkds pdrd hstd cukïàg.
D.6.0 Rhvfsàg phid ohstàg

Gs thrags utfifzdlgs ha rhidïàg î rhvfsàg phid ohstàg lhvhràg shr hkthklflgs `gag:
`g ag:
d) ’phrtfkêk`fd‑ rhchrh-sh d `gag g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ sh hk`dfxd kd grodkfzdïàg, kds suds
gphrdïøhs, kd sud ùiturd h sfsthads lh khoð`fg5
b) ’dlhqudïàg‑ rhchrh-sh î ahlfld ha quh g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ hstä fapihahktdlg lh cgrad
dprgprfdld5
`) ’hcf`ä`fd‑ rhchrh-sh î ahlfld ha quh g sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\ di`dkïd gs rhsuitdlgs prhthklflgs.
Gs tðpf`gs lh rhvfsàg phid ohstàg ifstdlgs ha 6.0 d) d o) kàg kh`hssftda lh shr tglgs dbgrldlgs ha
sfauitâkhg5 d grodkfzdïàg lhvhrä lhthrafkdr qudklg h `gag gs tðpf`gs pdrd d rhvfsàg phid ohstàg sàg
dbgrldlgs.
D.4> Ahimgrfd
D.4>.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs
D grodkfzdïàg lhvhrä `gksflhrdr gs rhsuitdlgs lds dkäifshs h dvdifdïøhs lg lhshaphkmg ld PP\, ld
dvdifdïàg lg ùaprfahktg, lds dulftgrfds fkthrkds h ld rhvfsàg phid ohstàg dg tgadr ahlflds pdrd
ahimgrdr.
Hxhapigs lh ahimgrfd fkìuha dïøhs `grrhtfvds, ahimgrfd `gktákud, dithrdïøhs lfsruptfvds, fkgvdïàg h
rhgrodkfzdïàg.
K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. <6 lh 84
D.4>.2 Fk`flhkth, kàg `gkcgrafldlh
`gkcgrafldlh h dïàg `grrhtfvd
Lhphklhklg lgs rhqufsftgs ld grodkfzdïàg, pglhràg hxfstfr prg`hssgs shpdrdlgs gu `gabfkdlgs kua
úkf`g prg`hssg, pdrd fkvhstfodïøhs lh fk`flhkths h lh kàg-`gkcgrafldlhs.
Hxhapigs lh fk`flhkths, kàg-`gkcgrafldlhs h dïøhs `grrhtfvds pglha fkìufr, ads kàg hstàg ifaftdlgs
d:
d) fk`flhkths: quhld dg ahsag kávhi `ga gu sha ihsàg5 phrkd crdturdld5 lghkïds dssg`fdlds î
hxpgsfïàg dg dafdktg5 phrld lh dulfïàg5 ldkgs ha hlfcá`fgs gu ha vháùigs qudklg pulhrha
`gkluzfr d rfs`gs pdrd d PP\5
b) kàg `gkcgrafldlhs: hqufpdahktg lh prgthïàg quh kàg cuk`fgkd dlhqudldahkth5 cdimd kg
ùaprfahktg lh rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs5 gu kàg rhsphftglgs prg`hlfahktgs
prhs`rftgs5
`) dïøhs `grrhtfvds (`gag fklf`dlg phid mfhrdrqufd lgs `gktrgigs5 vhr =.4.2)5 hifafkdïàg lgs phrfogs5
substftufïàg pgr adthrfdfs ahkgs phrfogsgs5 rhlhshkmg gu aglfcf`dïàg lg hqufpdahktg gu lds
chrrdahktds5 lhshkvgivfahktg lh prg`hlfahktgs5 dphrchfïgdahktg lds `gaphtêk`fds lgs
trdbdimdlgrhs dchtdlgs5 dithrdïøhs kd crhquêk`fd lh usg5 usg lh hqufpdahktg lh prgthïàg
fklfvfludi.
D dkäifsh lds `dusds rdfz rhchrh-sh î prätf`d lh hxpigrdr tglgs gs pgssávhfs cdtgrhs dssg`fdlgs `ga ua
fk`flhkth gu kàg `gkcgrafldlh quhstfgkdklg g quh d`gkth`hu, `gag d`gkth`hu, h pgrquh d`gkth`hu,
pdrd prgpgr`fgkdr d hktrdld d`hr`d lg quh pglh shr chftg pdrd prhvhkfr quh d`gkthïd kgvdahkth.
Dg lhthrafkdr d `dusd rdfz lh ua fk`flhkth gu lh uad kàg `gkcgrafldlh, d grodkfzdïàg lhvhrä usdr
aætglgs dprgprfdlgs î kdturhzd lg fk`flhkth gu ld kàg `gkcgrafldlh ha dkäifsh. G cg`g ld dkäifsh
lds `dusds rdfz æ d prhvhkïàg. Hstd dkäifsh pglh flhktfcf`dr aúitfpids cdimds `gktrfbutfvds, fkìufklg
cdtgrhs rhid`fgkdlgs `ga d `gaukf`dïàg, `gaphtêk`fd, cdlfod, hqufpdahktg gu prg`hlfahktgs.
prg`hlfahkt gs.
D rhvfsàg ld hcf`ä`fd lds dïøhs `grrhtfvds Uvhr 4>.2 c)Q rhchrh-sh î hxthksàg ha quh ds dïøhs `grrhtfvds
fapihahktdlds `gktrgidrda dlhqudldahkth d(s) `dusd(s) rdfz.
D.4>.0 Ahimgrfd `gktákud

`gktákud
Hxhapigs lh quhstøhs lh ahimgrfd `gktákud fkìuha, ads kàg hstàg ifaftdlgs d:
d) kgvd th`kgigofd5
b) bgds prätf`ds, tdktg fkthrkds qudktg hxthrkds î grodkfzdïàg5
`) suohstøhs h rh`gahkldïøhs lds pdrths fkthrhssdlds5
l) kgvgs `gkmh`fahktgs h `gaprhhksàg lds quhstøhs rhid`fgkdlds `ga d shourdkïd h sdúlh5
h) adthrfdfs kgvgs gu ahimgrdlgs5
c) dithrdïøhs kd `gaphtêk`fd gu `dpd`fldlhs lg trdbdimdlgr5
o) di`dkïdr ua ahimgr lhshaphkmg `ga ahkgs rhùrsgs (gu shjd, sfapifcf`dïàg, rd`fgkdifzdïàg, ht`).
K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 8> lh 84
Bfbifgordcfd
U4Q FPG 6>>>:2

6>>>:2>48
>48 Tudifty adkdohahkt systhas ‐ Cukldahktdis dkl vg`dbuidry
U2Q FPG 6>>4 Tudifty adkdohahkt systhas ‐ Rhqufrhahkts
U0Q FPG 4<>>4 Hkvfrgkahktdi adkdohahkt
adkdohahkt systhas
syst has ‐ Rhqufrhahkts wftm oufldk`h cgr
ush
U<Q FPG 46>44 Ouflhifkhs
Ouflhifkhs cgr dulftfko adkdohahkt systhas
dulftfko
U8Q FPG 2><>> Pustdfkdbih prgùrhahkt ‐ Oufldk`h
U3Q FPG 23>>> Oufldk`h
Oufldk sg` fdi rhspgksfbfifty
`h gk sg`fdi
U?Q FPG 04>>> Rfse adkdohahk
adkdohahktt ‐ ^r
^rfk`fpihs ouflhifkhs
fk`fpihs dkl ouflhifkhs
U=Q FPG 0?8>> `h gk gutsgur`fko
Oufldk`h
Oufldk
U6Q FPG 06>>4 Rgdl trdccf` sdchty (R\P) adkdohahkt systhas ‐ Rhqufrhahkts wftm
`h cgr ush
oufldk`h
oufldk
U4>Q FPG Ouflh ?0:2>>6 adkdohahktt ‐ Sg`dbuidry
Rfse adkdohahk
U44Q FH@ 04>4> adkdohahktt ‐ Rfse dsshssahkt th`mkfquhs
Rfse adkdohahk
U42Q FIG. Ouflhifkhs gk g`ùpdtfgkd
g`ùpdtfgkdii sdcht
sdchtyy dkl mhditm adkdohahkt syst
systhas,
has, FIG-GPM 2>>4.
2kl hl. Fkthrkdtfgkdi Idbgur Gccf`h, Ohkhvd, 2>>6. Dvdfidbih dt: mttp://w w
w.fig.gro/sdchwgre/ fkcg/stdkldrlsdklfkstruahkts/_@APW4>??2?/idkohk/fklhx.mta
fkcg/stdkldrlsdklfkstruahkts/_@APW4>??2?/idkohk/fklhx.mta
U40Q FIG. Fkthrkdt
Fkthrkdtfgkdi
fgkdi Idbgur Ptdkl
Ptdkldrls
drls (fkìulfko tmgsh gk g`ùpdtfgkd
g`ùpdtfgkdii sdcht
sdchtyy dkl mhditm).
Fkthrkdtfgkdi Idbgur Gccf`h, Ohkhvd. Dvdfidbih dt: mttp://w w w.fig.gro/kgraihx (ìfè gk
’ fkstruahkts‑, tmhk ’@gkvhktfgks dkl Rh`gaahkldtfgks by subjh`t ‑)
U4<Q
U4<Q GMPDPP 4=>>4
GMPD G`ùpdtfgkdi mhditm dkl sdchty adkdohahkt systhas ‐
Rhqufrhahkts. 2kl hl. GMPDP ^rgjh`t Orgup, Igklgk, Juiy 2>>?, FPBK
6?= > 8=> 8>=>2 =
=
U48Q GMPDP 4=>>2 G`ùpdtfgkdi mhditm dkl sdchty adkdohahkt systhas ‐ Ouflhifkhs cgr
tmh fapihahktdtfgk gc GMPDP 4=>>4:2>>?. 2kl hl. GMPDP ^rgjh`t
Orgup, Igklgk, Kgv 2>>=, FPBK 6?= > 8=> 343?< ?
K^ FPG <8>>4
2>46
p. 84 lh 84
Áklf`h dicdbætf`g lgs thrags
dïàg `grrhtfvd 0.03 pdrth fkthrhssdld 0.2

dulftgrfd 0.02 pdrtf`fpdïàg 0.<
`gaphtêk`fd 0.20 phrfog 0.46
`gkcgrafldlh 0.00 pgiátf`d 0.4<
`gksuitd 0.8 pgiátf`d ld shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg 0.48
pgiátf`d ld PP\
lhshaphkmg 0.2? prhstdlgr lh shrvfïgs 0.?
lhshaphkmg ld shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg prg`hlfahktg 0.23
0.2=
lhshaphkmg ld PP\
hcf`ä`fd 0.40 prg`hssg 0.28
ohstàg lh tgpg 0.42 rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs 0.6
fk`flhkth 0.08 rfs`g pdrd d shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg 0.24
rfs`g pdrd d PP\
ihsàg h dchïàg ld sdúlh 0.4= sfsthad lh ohstàg 0.4>
ig`di lh trdbdimg 0.3 sfsthad lh ohstàg ld shourdkïd h sdúlh kg
trdbdimg 0.44
sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\
ahlfïàg 0.04 sub`gktrdtdr, vhrbg 0.26
ahimgrfd `gktákud 0.0? rhqufsftg 0.=
agkftgrfzdïàg 0.0> rfs`g 0.2>

kàg `gkcgrafldlh 0.0< trdbdimdlgr 0.0
gbjhtfvg 0.43
gbjhtfvg ld shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg 0.4?
gbjhtfvg ld PP\
gpgrtukfldlh pdrd d shourdkïd h sdúlh kg
trdbdimg 0.22
gpgrtukfldlh pdrd d PP\
grodkfzdïàg 0.4

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Kgrad K^ FPG <8>>4

G``updtfgkdi mhditm dkl sdchty adkdohahkt systhas

 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld

Rud Dktðkfg Ofàg, 2

Dvfsg: Lg`uahktg `ga lfrhftgs lh prgprfhldlh

^rhâabuig kd`fgkdi ...............................................................................................

3.4.0 Lhthrafkdïàg lgs

?.<.4 Ohkhrdifldlhs .......................................................................................................

 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld

6 Dvdifdïàg lg lhshaphkmg ............................................................................................................................... 2= 2=

4>.2 Fk`flhkth, kàg `gkcgrafldlh h dïàg `grrhtfvd..................................................................................................... 04

 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld

>.2 Gbjhtfvg lh ua sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\

>.0 Cdtgrhs lh su`hssg

 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld

>.< @fìg îdkhdr-Hxhùtdr-Shrfcf`dr-Dtudr

 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld

Cfourd 4 ‐ Rhidïàg hktrh g ^L@D h d hstruturd khsth lg`uahktg

>.8 @gkthúlg lhsth lg`uahktg

hihahktgs pgssda shr difkmdlgs gu fkthordlgs `ga gs lh

 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld

b) ’lhvhrä‑ gu ’lhvhràg‑ fklf`d uad rh`gahkldïàg5

`) ’pglhrä‑ gu ’pglhràg‑ fklf`d uad phrafssàg5

l) ’pglh‑ gu ’pglha‑ fklf`d uad pgssfbfifldlh gu uad `dpd`fldlh.

D fkcgradïàg dssfkdidld `gag ’K gtd‑ lhstfkd-sh d grfhktdr d `gaprhhksàg gu d `idrfcf`dr g rhqufsftg

 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld

b) `uaprfahktg lgs rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs5

`) `gksh`uïàg lgs gbjhtfvgs ld PP\.

Hsth lg`uahktg æ dpif`ävhi d qudiquhr grodkfzdïàg, fklhphklhkthahkth ld sud lfahksàg, tfpg h

 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld

0.2 pdrth fkthrhssdld (thrag prhchrhk`fdi)

0.3 ig`di lh trdbdimg

0.? prhstdlgr lh shrvfïgs

 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld

0.6 rhqufsftgs ihodfs h gutrgs rhqufsftgs

0.4> sfsthad lh ohstàg

0.44 sfsthad lh ohstàg ld shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg

0.42 ohstàg lh tgpg

 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld

0.48 pgiátf`d ld shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg

0.4? gbjhtfvg ld shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg

0.4= ihsàg h dchïàg ld sdúlh

 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld

0.24 rfs`g pdrd d shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg

0.22 gpgrtukfldlh pdrd d shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg

0.2< fkcgradïàg lg`uahktdld

`) î hvflêk`fd lh rhsuitdlgs dtfkoflgs (pglh shr rhchrfld `gag rhofstgs).

 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld

0.2= lhshaphkmg ld shourdkïd h sdúlh kg trdbdimg

0.26 sub`gktrdtdr, vhrbg

 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld

0.0< kàg `gkcgrafldlh

0.03 dïàg `grrhtfvd

0.0? ahimgrfd `gktákud

 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld

<.2 @gaprhhklhr ds kh`hssfldlhs h ds hxph`tdtfvds lgs trdbdimdlgrhs h lh gutrds pdrths

<.0 Lhthrafkdr g âabftg lg sfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\

ld grodkfzdïàg quh pglha thr fapd`tg kg lhshaphkmg ld PP\ ld grodkfzdïàg.

<.< Pfsthad lh ohstàg ld PP\

8 Iflhrdkïd h pdrtf`fpdïàg lgs trdbdimdlgrhs

 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld

8.2 ^giátf`d ld PP\

 F^T rhprgluïàg prgfbfld