Lantai kendaraan
Trotoar
Trotoar
B Diafragma
Lantai kendaraan
Gelagar
Abutment
POTONGAN A-A
Tiang sandaran
TROTOAR
Gelagar Baja
Diafragma
POTONGAN B-B
Diafragma
Gelagar Baja
Tiang sandaran
Beton Bertulang
L
NG MELINTANG JEMBATAN
TROTOAR
+
Balok Gelagar Beton Balok Gelagar Beton Balok Gelagar Beton
Balok Diafragma Bertulang B Bertulang
Tiang 2,00 m
Sandaran
Abutment Beton
Bertulang
Pi er
B Abutment Beton
Berlulang
35 m
Trotoar
Lantai Kendaraan
45 cm
25/45
40 cm
2,00 m
POTONGAN A - A
POTONGAN B - B
Soal
Diketahui Soal seperti berikut :
- Bentang ( L ) = 24.00 m
- Muatan = Kelas I Arteri
- Lebar Jalan = 7.00 m
- Lebar Trotoir = 1.00 m
- Jarak antara balok (glegar ) = 1.75 m
- Balok Diafragma = 2 buah
45
35
15
15
15
20
1.20 m
Bentang = 24.00 m
Muatan = Kelas I
Lebar Jalan = 7.00 m
Lebar Trotoir = 1.00 m
Jarak antara balok (gelagar ) = 1.75 m
Balok Diafragma = 2 Buah
Rencana penggunaan bahan - bahan :
Lantai Kendaraan : Mutu beton = 25 Mpa, Mutu baja fy = 400 Mpa
Penyelesaian :
q = 5.872 kg/m
10 cm
45 cm
jarak antara tiang sandaran = 2.00 m
35 cm
Pembebanan :
15 cm
* Beban Vertikal ( qv )
15 cm
- Beban sendiri pipa = 5.872 kg/m
- Baban luar = 100 kg/m 200 cm
qv = 105.8720 kg/m
q = ² ²
qv qH
+
= ²
105.872 + 100 ²
= 11208.880 + 10000
= 145.63 kg/m
²
* Momen Yang Terjadi :
M = ⅛ . q . L²
= ⅛ . 145.63 . 2.00 2
= ⅛ . 145.63 . 4.00
= 72.816 kg/m
M 72.816
ζ = =
W 10.473
45
35
500 I 15
15
15
20 0.87
1.20 m
Pembebanan :
a. Tiang Sandaran ;
Berat sendiri tiang sandaran
= 0.10 x 0.16 x 0.90 x 2400
= 34.56 kg
0.20 + 0.15
Plat lantai trotoar = x 2400 = 420 kg/m²
2
Perhitungan penulangan
Data :
Mu = 1418.6171 Kgm = 14186171 Nmm
f`c = ###Mpa
fy = 400 Mpa
d = 1000 mm d
h = 20 cm
ts
b = 1 m 1000 mm
ts = tebal selimut = 3 cm
Misal diambil tulangan D 14
d = h - ts - ½D
= 200 - ### - ½ #
. ##
= 163 mm
1.4 1.4
Hitung p min = = = 0.0035
fy 400
f `c = ###Mpa f `c ≤ ###Mpa
β1 = 0.85
0.85 x f `c 600
pb = β1
fy 600 + fy
0.85 x 25 600
= 0.85
400 600 + 400
= 0.0271
a max = 75% x pb
= 0.75 x 0.0271
= 0.02032
ab = β1 x cb
600
= β2 d
600 + fy
600
= 0.85 163
600 + 400
= 83.13
a max = 75% x ab
= 0.75 x 83.13
= 62.3475 mm
εc
T = AS . fy
εy = fy
Es
a a max
Mn ada = Cc d = 0.85 x f`c x b x a max d -
2 2
62.3475
= 0.85 x ### x 1000 x 62.3475 163 -
2
= 1324884.375 x 131.82625
= 174654539 Nmm
Mu 14186171
Mn Perlu = = = 17732713.9 Nmm
ǿ 0.80
Hitung :
fy
m =
0.85 . f`c
400
= = 18.824
0.85 x 25
Mu 14186171
Rn = =
ǿ . b.d² 0.80 . 1000 . 163 ²
= 0.6674212 Mpa
1 2 x m x Rn
ρ = 1 - 1 -
m fy
1 2 x 18.824 x 0.6674212
= 1 - 1 -
18.824 400
1
= 1 - 0.96808
16.471
= 0.001696
ρ min = 0.0035
ρ max = 0.020320
Perhitungan Lantai/Plat
Pembebanan :
a. Beban Mati
Berat sendiri lantai kendaraan = 0.2 x 2400 = 480 kg/m²
Berat sendiri pasir + aspal = 0.05 x 2000 = 100 kg/m²
Berat air hujan = 0.05 x 1000 = 50 kg/m²
q = 630 kg/m²
Lx = 1.75 m
* Pada arah melintang diperhitungkan arah x
1
Mly = q L
###
1 2
= x 630 x 1.75 = 160.781 kg m
###
4.0 m 5.0 m
a1 = 20 cm
b1 = 50 cm
2 x 2.5 ton 2 x10ton 2 x10 ton
b2 = 12.5 cm
b2 b1
a1 a1 1.75 m 2.75 m
50 cm 20 cm
5 5
450 10 10
10 10
b = 50 + 2 x 15 = 80 cm b = 20 + 2 x 15 = 50 cm
10000
q2 = = 2.5 kg/cm² = 25000 kg/m²
### x###
* Perhitungan moment plat lantai kendaraan akibat beban hidup (menggunakan Tabel Biiner)
Ly
=
Lx
1.75 2.75
1.75
10 ton 10 ton
A B A 0.50
0.80 0.80
1.75 0.50
A). Lx = 1.75 m
Ly =
A + B + A :
tx 1.75
= = 1
Lx 1.75
ty = 0.50 m ty 0.50
= = 0.286
Lx = 1.75 m Lx 1.75
0.286 - 0.2
fmy = 0.0608 - . 0.0608 - 0.0703
0.3 - 0.2
= 0.068943
B) tx = 0.95 m tx 0.95
= = 0.54286
Lx = 1.75 m Lx 1.75
ty = 0.50 m
ty 0.50
= = 0.286
= = 0.286
Lx 1.75
Untuk fmy
0.2 - 0.22
x = 0.0927 + . 0.1095 - 0.0927
0.2 - 0.3
= 0.096060
0.2 - 0.22
y = 0.0993 + . 0.1185 - 0.0993
0.2 - 0.3
= 0.103140
0.543 - 0.4
fmy = 0.0961 + . 0.1031 - 0.0961
0.5 - 0.4
= 0.106174
Tabel Interfolasi
tx/lx
ty/lx
0.4 0 0.5
0.3 0.0993 0.0927
0 0.10314 0.10617 0.096060
0.2 0.1095 0.1095
Momen total :
Mxm = 2009.38 - 2069.52168367 = -60.146684 kg m
Mym = 1508.13 - 1260.81964286 = 247.305357 kg m
0.80 tx 0.80
= = 0.46
Lx 1.75
ty 0.50
= = 0.286
0.375 1.75 0.375 Lx 1.75
Untuk fmy
0.2 - 0.22
x = 0.0993 + . 0.1185 - 0.0993
0.2 - 0.3
= 0.103140
0.2 - 0.22
y = 0.1053 + . 0.1250 - 0.1053
0.2 - 0.3
= 0.109240
0.46 - 0.3
fmy = 0.1031 + . 0.1092 - 0.1031
0.4 - 0.3
= 0.112726
Tabel Interfolasi
tx/lx
ty/lx
0.3 0.46 0.4
0.3 0.1053 0.0993
0.286 0.10924 0.11273 0.10314
0.2 0.1185 0.1185
A). Lx = 1.75 m
1.00 Ly =
ty = 0.50
0.50
A B A
A + B + A :
tx = 2.00 x 0.80 + 0.20 = 1.80 m
0.2
tx 1.80
= = 1.03
0.225 0.225 Lx 1.75
0.8 0.8
0.375 1.75 0.375 ty 0.50
= = 0.286
Lx 1.75
0.286 - 0.2
fmy = 0.0732 + . 0.0849 - 0.0703
0.3 - 0.2
= 0.085714
B) tx = 0.20 m tx 0.20
= = 0.11
Lx = 1.75 m Lx 1.75
ty = 0.50 m
ty 0.50
= = 0.286
Lx 1.75
Untuk fmy
0.286 - 0.2
x = 0.1133 + . 0.1449 - 0.1133
0.3 - 0.2
= 0.140386
0.286 - 0.03
y = 0.1151 + . 0.1471 - 0.1151
0.1 - 0.03
= 0.231998
0.11 - 0.03
fmy = 0.1404 + . 0.2320 - 0.1404
0.1 - 0.03
= 0.250694
Tabel Interfolasi
tx/lx
ty/lx
0.03 0.11 0.1
0.3 0.1151 0.1133
0.2 0.23200 0.25069 0.14039
0.2 0.1449 0.1449
Momen total :
Mxm = 2511.000 - 697.1873 = 1813.813 kg m
Mym = 1928.571 - 626.7358 = 1301.836 kg m
# ARAH Y
# Perhitungan Penulangan
# ARAH X
Tulangan Tumpuan :
Mu = 3390.68444 kg m 3390.68 x 10000 = 33906844 Nmm
p min = 0.0035
0.85 x f `c 600
pb = β1
fy 600 + fy
0.85 x 25 600
= 0.85
400 600 + 400
= 0.0271
p max = 75% pb
= 0.75 x 0.0271
= 0.020320
ab = β1 x cb
600
= β1 d
600 + fy
600
= 0.85 163
600 + 400
= 83.13
a max = 75% x ab
= 0.75 x 83.13
= 62.3475 mm
a a max
Mn ada = Cc d = 0.85 f`c .b.a max d-
2 2
62.3475
= 0.85 x 25 x 1000 x 62.3475 163 -
2
= 1324884.375 x 131.82625
= 174654538.839844 Nmm
Mu 33906844
Mn Perlu = = = 42383555.485 Nmm
ǿ 0.80
Hitung :
fy
m =
0.85 . f`c
400
= = 18.824
0.85 x 25
Mu 33906844
Rn = =
ǿ . b.d² 0.80 . 1000 . 163 ²
= 1.59522585 Mpa
1 2 x m x Rn
ρ = 1 - 1 -
m fy
1 2 x 18.824 x 1.59522585
= 1 - 1 -
18.824 400
1
= 1 - 0.92188
16.471
= 0.0041501722
ρ min = 0.0035
ρ max = 0.020320
syarat p min < p < P max
Digunakan
AS = p x b x d
= 0.0042 x 1000 x 163
= 676 mm²
a a max
Mn ada = Cc d = 0.85 f`c .b.a max d-
2 2
62.3475
= 0.85 x 25 x 1000 x 62.3475 163 -
2
= 1324884.375 x 131.82625
= 174654538.839844 Nmm
Mu 21408182
Mn Perlu = = = 26760227.412 Nmm
ǿ 0.80
Hitung :
fy
m =
0.85 . f`c
400
= = 18.824
0.85 x 25
Mu 21408182
Rn = =
ǿ . b.d² 0.80 . 1000 . 163 ²
= 1.00719739 Mpa
1 2 x m x Rn
ρ = 1 - 1 -
m fy
1 2 x 18.824 x 1.00719739
= 1 - 1 -
18.824 400
1
= 1 - 0.95142
16.471
= 0.0025806747
Balok diafragma berfungsi untuk mencegah terjadinya bahaya pelipatan gelagar induk,
dan hanya memikul berat sendiri.
1
Momen tumpuan = x 360 2 ²
10
= 144 kg m
Mu = 1.2 x 144
= 172.8 kg m
1
Momen tumpuan = x 360 2 ²
11
= 130.9091 kg m
Mu = 1.2 x 130.9090909
= 157.091 kg m
ab = β1 x cb
600
= 0.85 x d
600 + fy
600
= 0.85 x 542
600 + 400
= 276.420 mm
p max =### % pb
= 0.75 x 276.4200
= 207.315000 mm
a a max
Mn ada = Cc d = 0.85 f`c .b.a max d-
2 2
207.315
= 0.85 x 25 x 250 x 207.315 542 -
2
= 1101360.938 x 438.3425
= 482773306.746094 Nmm
Mu 1728000
Mn Perlu = = = 2160000 Nmm
ǿ 0.80
Hitung :
fy
m =
0.85 . f`c
400
= = 18.824
0.85 x 25
Mu 1728000
Rn = =
ǿ . b.d² 0.80 . 250 . 542 ²
= 0.029411364 Mpa
1 2 x m x Rn
ρ = 1 - 1 -
m fy
1 2 x 18.824 x 0.02941136
= 1 - 1 -
18.824 400
1
= 1 - 0.99861
16.471
= 8.4090703E-05