Z = nomor atom
X = notasi/lambang/simbol atom
Untuk atom netral Z = p (proton) = e (elektron)
Untuk atom bermuatan (ion) Z = p ≠ e
y+ = muatan
e = Z – muatan
A y−¿
Z X ¿ y- = muatan
e = Z + muatan
Contoh Soal
23
1. Jika suatu atom ditulis 11 Na , tentukan jumlah proton, elektron dan neutronnya !
2. Diketahui nomor atom dan nomor massa aluminium adalah 13 dan 27. Tentukan jumlah proton,
elektron dan neutron ion aluminium Al3 +¿¿ !
3. Tentukan jumlah proton, elektron dan neutron untuk ion 199 F−¿¿ !
Latihan Soal
Tentukan jumlah proton, elektron dan neutron atom / ion berikut :
31
1. 15 P 4. 40
20 Ca
2+¿ ¿
32 2−¿¿
2. 16 S 5. 238
92 U
❑
39 +¿¿ 24
3. 19 K 6. 12 Mg
C. Pertanyaan
1. Berdasarkan pengelompokkan unsur-unsur pada tabel di atas simpulkan apa yang dimaksud
dengan isotop, isobar dan isoton?
Isotop........................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
Isobar........................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
Isoton.........................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
B. 24
12 Mg E. 40
20 Ca
C. 23
11 Na F. 40
18 Ar
1 39
19 K
2 24
12 Mg
3 23
11 Na
4 40
19 K
5 40
20 Ca
6 40
18 Ar
B. FENOMENA