saqarTvelos parlamentis erovnuli biblioTeka

saqarTvelos
damfuZnebeli kreba

sxdomis oqmebi

VI
eZRvneba saqarTvelos d e mo k r at i uli r e s p ubli k i s
d amfuZnebel i kre bi s 100 w li s Tav s
 saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis
dokumentebi

7 tomad

tomis saredaqcio sabWo

irakli iakobaSvili, mzia xositaSvili, emzar jgerenaia
saqarTvelos parlamentis erovnuli biblioTeka

saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli kreba

sxdomis oqmebi

tomi VI

1920 wlis 19 marti _ 6 ivlisi

Tbilisi 2019
UDC(uak)328(479.22)+94(479.22)
s-323

seria: saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis dokumentebi

saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli kreba. sxdomis oqmebi. 7 tomad. tomi VI;

1920 wlis 19 marti _ 6 ivlisi. ideis avtori da Semdgeneli _ irakli
iakobaSvili, wignis redaqtori da saZieblis Semdgeneli _ mzia xosi­
taSvili. winaTqma emzar jgerenaiasi.
Tbilisi, saqar­Tvelos parlamentis erovnuli biblioTekis gamo­
cema. 2019 weli. 664 gverdi.

ISBN 978-9941-9652-8-9 (yvela tomis)

ISBN 978-9941-9620-9-7 (meeqvse tomis)

`saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli kreba. sxdomis oqmebis~ 7-tomeulSi

Tavmoyrilia saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis damfuZnebeli
krebis plenaruli sxdomis oqmebi. sxdomis oqmebi wignis saxiT pir­
velad qveyndeba. gamocema daexmareba saqarTvelos uaxlesi istoriis
da sazogadoebriv-politikuri cxovrebis mkvlevrebs. `saqarTvelos
damfuZnebeli kreba. sxdomis oqmebis~ cifruli versia xelmisawvdo­
mia saqarTvelos parlamentis erovnuli biblioTekis cifrul bib­
lioTekebSi.

© saqarTvelos parlamentis erovnuli biblioTeka, 2019

 sarCevi

meore sxdoma 7
mesame sxdoma 67
meoTxe sxdoma 97
mexuTe sxdoma 119
meeqvse sxdoma 141
meSvide sxdoma 159
merve sxdoma 175
mecxre sxdoma 195
meaTe sagangebo sxdoma 211
meTerTmete sxdoma 231
meTormete sxdoma 241
mecamete sxdoma 255
meToTxmete sxdoma 269
meTuTxmete sxdoma 309
meTeqvsmete sxdoma 317
meCvidmete sxdoma 343
meTvramete sxdoma 359
mecxramete sxdoma 387
meoce sxdoma 403
ocdameerTe sxdoma 427
ocdameore sxdoma 449
ocdameoTxe sxdoma 479
ocdamexuTe sxdoma 507
ocdameeqvse sxdoma 529
ocdameSvide sxdoma 533
ocdamerve sxdoma 559
ocdamecxre sxdoma 567
ocdameaTe sxdoma 593
pirTa saZiebeli 607
adgilTa saZiebeli 655
VI tomis saZieblebisTvis gamoyenebuli wyaroebi 663
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

meore sxdoma

(2)

1920 weli. martis 19. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. soc.-fed. fraqciis SekiTxva baTomis Sesaxeb.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebel krebis Tavmjdomaris ufrosi am­

xanagi
aleqsandre lomTaTiZe.
mdivnobs damfuZnebel krebis mdivnis amx.
qristine SaraSiZis asuli.
prezidiumSi arian:
eqvTime TayaiSvili da
konstantine jafariZe.
sxdoma ixsneba 12 s. da 20 w.
Tavmjdomare. sxdoma gaxsnili gaxlavT. gTxovT dabrZandeT da
moisminoT dRiuri wesrigi.
mdivani (kiTxulobs).

dRiuri wesrigi:

1. SekiTxva soc.-feder. fraqciisa mTavrobisadmi – qal. baTumi­

sa da misi olqis saqarTvelosTan SemoerTebis sakiTxis mdgomareobis
Sesaxeb.
2. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa quTaisSi meore
xarisxis sabaJos daarsebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia i. salayaia.

7
 3. dekreti – saqalaqTaSoriso telefonis qselis mosawyobad
9.786.000 man. gadadebisa da amave saWiroebisaTvis 291.251 man. da 40 k.
Rirebuli masalis micemis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
4. dekreti – fostis gadazidvis xarjebis dasafaravad 4.034.304
man. da 92 kap. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
5. dekreti – gzaTa uwyebis mosamsaxureTaTvis dRiuri sargos
normebis Secvlisa. momxsenebelia gr. veSapeli.
6. dekreti – gazeT „saqarTvelos respublikis“ savaldebulo gan­
cxadebisaTvis dawesebul fasis gadidebisa. momxsenebelia v. cabaZe.
7. dekreti – miwad-moqmedebis ministris gankargulebaSi sameur­
neo iaraRisa da masalis SesaZenad 1.140.000 man. gadadebisa. momxsene­
belia v. cabaZe.
8. dekreti – saqarTvelos erovnuli samxatvro galereis daarse­
bisa. momxsenebelia imnaiSvili.
9. dekreti – baTomis qarTul gimnaziisaTvis erTdroul dax­
marebad 260.000 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
10. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon proeqtisa – Sinagan-saqme­
Ta saministros kancelariis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkice­
bisa. momxsenebelia i. salayaia.
11. dekreti – tfilisis fosta-telegrafis olqis sammarTvelos
gauqmebisa da saqarTvelos respublikis fosta-telegrafis da tele­
fonis sammarTvelos daarsebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia gr. veSapeli.
12. dekreti – migdebul bavSvTa TavSesafaris daarsebisa da Sta­
tis damtkicebisa. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
13. dekreti – saqonlis Wiris sawinaaRmdego Sratis dammzadebel
sadgurisaTvis sof. tabaxmelaSi meliqiSvilis mamulis SesaZenad 1.
060. 000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
14. dekreti – saxalxo skolis maswavlebelTa xuTwleulebiT dasak­
mayofileblad 4.193.333 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
15. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa sasjelTa wes­
debis da sasjelTa debulebis jarimis gadidebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebe­
lia k. niniZe.
16. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – momrigebel sa­
samarTlos dawesebulebaTa qvemdebareobis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia k.
niniZe.
17. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa Sromis saminis­
tros Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebe­
lia v. cabaZe.
18. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa saxazino rki­
nis gzis WiaTuris Stoze gansakuTrebuli tarifis mospobis Sesaxeb.
momxsenebelia i. eligulaSvili.
19. dekreti – evropaSi komerciuli saagentoebis dasaarseblad
da ekonomiuri misiis gasagzavnad 20.000.000 m. gadadebisa. momxsenebe­
lia i. eligulaSvili.

8
 20. dekreti – pirvel-dawyebiTi skolebis maswavlebelTaTvis
mok­­levadian kursebis daarsebisa da saamisod 240.000 man. gadadebisa.
momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
21. dekreti – svaneTis samkurnalos dawesebulebaTa Statisa
da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa. momxsenebelia v. cabaZe da m. to­
roSeliZisa.
22. SekiTxva damfuZnebel krebis wevris gr. veSapelisa mTavro­
bisadmi tyis kanonis Seusruleblobis Sesaxeb.

damateba:

23. proeqti saqarTvelos da aderbeijanis respublikebis mTav­

robaTa Soris dadebul satranzito xelSekrulobis ratifikaciisa.
momxsenebelia. n. eliava.
Tavmjdomare. dRiuri wesrigis Sesaxeb Semosulia winadadeba
s.-d. biurosagan, rom me-23-me sakiTxi gadatanil iqnas dRiur wesri­
gis pirvel sakiTxad da dResve iqnes miRebuli. vin aris winaaRmdegi?
aravin. miRebulia. sityva ekuTvnis b. eliavas.
(niko eliavas mier wakiTxul iqmna xelSekrulebis punqtebi, ro­
melnic krebis mier muxlobriv da mTlianad damtkicebul iqmna).

SekiTxva soc.-fed. fraqciisa mTavrobisadmi qalaq

baTumis da misi olqis saqarTvelosTan SemoerTebis
sakiTxis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb.

Tavmjdomare. gTxovT moisminoT SekiTxvis teqsti.

mdivani (kiTxulobs):
„SekiTxva social-federalistTa fraq. mTavrobisadmi.
es erTi xania, rac droebiT da ZaladobiT Camoglejil baTomis da
misi olqis saqarTvelosTan SemoerTebisaTvis mTavrobam erTgvari
zomebi miiRo da saTanado gancxadebac gamoaqveyna, magram dRemdis am
sakiTxis gadaWras ara eSvela ra. rac dro gadis saqme ufro rTul­
deba da miT respublikis sasicocxlo interesebs xifaTs umzadebs.
icis Tu ara mTavrobam yovelive es da Tu icis, rodis iqneba miRe­
buli ukanaskneli zoma, rom sabolood gadawydes es sakiTxi baTomis
da misi olqis saqarTvelosTan SemoerTebisa.
gTxovT Cveni fraqciis mier Semotanili SekiTxva baTomis mdgo­
mareobis Sesaxeb miiRoT saswrafo gansaxilvelad“.
fraqciis Tavmjdomaris mag. s. mdivani.
Tavmjdomare. sityvebi b-n mdivans ekuTvnis.
sim. mdivani (soc.-fed.) moqalaqeno, damfuZnebeli krebis wevrno!
soc.-federalistTa fraqciis davalebiT me minda erTxel da, mgonia,

9
sabolood davsva sakiTxi baTomis da misi olqis kvlav saqarTvelos
respublikis sazRvrebSi dabrunebisa. es olqi winaaRmdeg istoriisa,
winaaRmdeg kulturisa, eTnografiisa da samarTlianobisa, Zalado­
biT Camoglijes saqarTvelos, dRes igi upatronoT aris mitovebuli
da am upatronobis gamo ganicdis saSinel gaWirvebas; da es gaWirveba
aRibeWdeba mTeli saqarTvelos sxeulze da safrTxes uqadis mas da
mis suverenobas; Tu baTomi da misi olqi ar dagvibrunda, saqarTve­
los gauWirdeba cxovreba, gauWirdeba Tavisi suverenobis SerCena;
da am patara erma auarebeli energia, moraluri Zala unda daxarjos,
rom Tavi daaxwios am ubedurebasa da gansacdels, romelic mas kars
mosdgomia.
dRes saqarTveloSi ar aris arc erTi cotaT Tu bevraT Segnebuli
moqalaqe, romelic ar grZnobdes, rom eris sxeuls mohkveTes saukeTe­
so nawili, ar grZnobdes, rom am sxeulis normalur ganviTarebis
aucilebeli piroba aris – misi gamTeleba, baTomis dabruneba. Cven ba­
Toms moviTxovT ara imitom, rom dRes Cven saerTo ferxulSi CavebiT
(mogexsenebaT dRes yvelas Cveulebad gadaeqca daepatronos imas, rac
glaxad devs), aramed Cven gvaqvs moraluri, istoriuli da bunebrivi
ufleba, rom baTomi da misi olqi ukan moviTxovoT, davibrunoT; da
vinc am sakiTxSi davas gagviwevs da xels SegviSlis, is iqneba Cveni
mowinaaRmdege, Cveni mteri. (taSi).
es iqneba manamdis, sanam Tqven, damfuZnebel krebis wevrno, da
Tqven mier arCeuli mTavroba ar daadgeba swor gzas da ar miiRebs
energiul zomebs. Cven moviTxovT baToms imitom, rom jer kidev
Soreul warsulSi baTomi iyo cixe, winacixe da imave dros aq iyo
gaCaRebuli ekonomiuri da kulturuli cxovreba; Cvenma winaprebma
gauZles im uamrav mterT da urdoebs, romelnic lamoben saqarTve­
los mospobasa da istoriis asparezidan ufskrulSi gadasrolas.
osmaleTma gaimarjva am mxareSi, magram am gamarjvebam es osmaleTi
imave dros daamarcxa. marTalia, zogjer osmaleTma SesZlo gadae­
laxa aWaris qedi. magram es qedi iyo yovelTvis saSiSari misTvis,
vinaidan aq, am qedis ZirSi yovelTvis samare gaeTxara mis politi­
kas. dRes, moqalaqeno, baTomis mxareSi SegiZliaT ixiloT mravali
naSTi, romelic aaSkaravebs Cveni warsuli kulturis sidiades da
mravalferovnebas. ai, es naSTebi Cven gveubnebian, rom am kuTxeSi
iyo danTebuli kera Cveni politikuri da kulturuli cxovrebisa.
da ai, am naSTebsa da kulturaSi dResac metyvelebs Cveni ufleba
da masSi aris Cveni Zala. es iyo Zvelad, magram axlo warsulSiac
gvqonda Cven SemTxveva ufro cxadaT naTelgveyo yvelasaTvis Cveni
ufleba am mxareze. Cven udidesi msxverpli gavswireT am uflebis
gamsamtkiceblad. qarTvelma xalxma gaiRo es udidesi msxverpli da
gaiRo igi dauzareblad, uyoymanod. Tqven iciT kargad, moqalaqeno,
rogor aris SeRebili Coloqis wyali qarTvelis sisxliT. aq erT­
gvarad daiRvara sisxli kaxelebisa, qarTlisa, guria-samegrelosi,

10
imerTa, leCxumisa da svaneTisa, erTi sityviT saqarTvelos yoveli
kuTxisa. da am sisxliT daubrunda es kuTxe saqarTvelos. Tqven isic
kargad iciT, rom dRevandelma umagaliTo saerTaSoriso omma ubed­
ureba da sruli ganadgureba daatexa Tavs aWaras, Cven TanamoZmeebs.
da pirvelad es saSineleba, es ubedureba igrZno saqarTvelom, pir­
velad saqarTvelos gulma igrZno es saSineli motyueba da gaSiSv­
leba moZmeTa da pirveli iyo qarTveli eris xeli. da saqarTvelom
uTxra swored pirveli damaimedebeli da gamamxnevebeli sityva Ta­
vis moZmeT.
Tqven isic kargad iciT, rom TviT qalaqi baTomi aris aSenebuli qa­
rTveli xalxis unariTa da SromiT. iq, baTomSi, aris CaTesili da Can­
ergili Cveni xalxis Sroma, didi energia da unari Cveni inteligenci­
is TviTmoqmedebisa da dauzogveli muSaobisa. Tqven iciT agreTve,
rom pirvelad saqarTvelos demokratiam iq aidga fexi, pirvelad ba­
TomSi daRvara sisxli qarTvelma muSam. Tu baTomi aris gakeTebuli
da gamSvenierebuli saqarTvelos ruseTis farglebSi yofnis dros da
igi aris pirveli qalaqi evropiuli mniSvnelobisa amier-kavkasiaSi,
es aris Sedegi qarTveli xalxis muyaiTobisa da sibejiTisa. baTomis
mxare baTomTan erTad warmoadgens mozrdil kulturul centrs ami­
er-kavkasiaSi. igi asazrdovebda saqarTvelos da saqarTvelo asazr­
dovebda mas. aq iyo SeduReba saqarTvelos unarianobisa da moqmedebi­
sa. magram, rodesac dadga revoluciis Jami da Cven yvelas gvegona,
rom revoliucia mogvcemda imas, rac gvianderZa etnografiam, Cven
gvegona, rom es kuTxe sabolood Cveni iqneboda da Cven gavxdebodiT
baton-patroni am mxarisa. magram saSinelma movlenam gaabaTila Cve­
ni imedebi da CamogvaSora baTomis olqi. es iyo brest-litovis xe­
lSekruleba, romlis ZaliTac baTomis, yarsis da artaanis olqebi ga­
dadioda osmaleTis xelSi. osmaleTi gaTamamda. man daiWira baTomis
olqi, Cven davkargeT baTomi. magram osmaleTi damarcxda. sabWoTa
ruseTma isargebla am SemTxveviT da Tavis Tavi ganTavisuflebulad
icno brestis xelSekrulobisagan. xelSekruleba ukugdebul iqna.
raRa udga win, rom baTomi da misi olqi dabruneboda ukan mis namd­
vil Wirisufals? TviT mokavSireebma ganacxades, rom isini uaryofen
brest-litovis xelSekrulebas. maSasadame baTomi da misi olqi unda
dabruneboda mis namdvil patrons. magram mokavSireTa saxelmwifoeb­
ma es ar inebes da saqarTvelos mtkice survilis winaaRmdeg baTomis
olqi dastoves Cvens gareSe.
sxva qveynidan rom ar moviyvanoT magaliTebi amis dasamtkiceblaT,
sakmarisia gavixsenoT amier-kavkasia. aq Cven bevri magaliTi gvaqvs,
romelnic amtkiceben, rom mokavSireebma uarhyves brest-litovskis
xelSekruleba. Tqven iciT, rom yarsis olqi brest-litovskis xe­
lSekrulebiT gadadioda osmaleTis xelSi, magram ukanasknelis dam­
arcxebis Semdeg mas okupacia uyo inglisis jarma. brest-litovskis
xelSekrulobis gabaTilebis Semdeg inglisis jarma miatova es olqi,

11
TviT gadavida baTomSi, olqi ki gadasca somxeTis gankargulebaSi.
eseve ar moxda baTomis Sesaxeb. amas hqonda Tavisi mizezi; es mizezi
aris is, rom baTomi yvelasTvis saWiroa da swored ubedurebac da
bednierebac baTomisa isaa, rom is yvelasaTvis saWiroa. baTomi aris
erTad-erTi gza, romelic aerTebs evropasa da azias, romliTac azia
ukavSirdeba evropas. brest-litovskis xelSekrulebis gabaTilebis
Semdegac igi dastoves upatronod. Seiqmna iseTi mdgomareoba, rom
am olqs ara hyavs dRes patroni da im niadagze aRmocenda mTeli rigi
avantiuristebisa, romelTaganac yvela acxadebs Tavis Tavs patro­
nad am olqisa. me daviwyeb ubralo magaliTebiT, kerZo pirebidan;
Tqven iciT, rom aris axalcixidan gaqceuli devnili begi, romelsac
ar unda Seurigdes imas, rom mas CamoarTves ramdenime aTasi deseti­
na, romelsac ar surda es miwebi daerigebiaT Tavis samSoblos glex­
ebisTvis da amisTvis gaiqca – es aris servet-beg qoblianski. esec ki
pretenziebs atarebs baTomis olqze da ambobs, rom baTomis olqidan
sxva olqebTan erTd unda Seiqmnas damoukidebeli samxreT-aRmosav­
leTis damoukidebeli aWaristanis saxelmwifo, romlis meTaurad
viqnebi meo. es, moqalaqeno, gvagonebs im Zvel aznauriSvilobas, ro­
melnic miwebis dayorRvnis dros yovelTvis jguf-jgufad dasde­
vden miwis mzomelT da yovel naWer miwis Sesaxeb acxadebden preten­
ziebs, miTvisebas Cemulobden, ai aseTi kuriozul movlenebTan gvaqvs
saqme. magram es did saSiSroebas ar warmoadgens. amas aqvs mniSvnelo­
ba imdenaT, ramdenaTac is warmoadgens damaxasiaTebel movlenas sxva
garemoebaTa Soris. amasTan unda daurToT is, rom ruseTis Zveli
reJimis moxeleni scdiloben baTomis mxareSi Seitanon arev-dareva.
maT ara aqvT araviTari kavSiri adgilobriv mcxovreblebTan, magram
scdiloben gamoiyenon es arev-dareva da Seqmnan samxreT-aRmosavle­
Tis aWaristanis saxelmwifo. amaT emateba osmaleTis aficroba da
iqidanve gadmoxvewili avantiuristebi, romelTac Tavis samSoblo­
Si saxrCobela eliT. es Semosuli xalxi qmnis anarqias da xels uwyobs
arev-darevas. arc es aris didi saSiSroeba, ufro seriozuli mizeze­
bi rom ar gveRobebodes win.
baTomis sakiTxSi Cveni mezoblebi ver iqcevian mezoblurad. mo­
qalaqeno, dRemdis Tqven ar gagigoniaT maTgan gulaxdili gancxadeba
baTomis Sesaxeb. daviwyeb somxeTiT, jer somxur presis Sesaxeb minda
mogaxsenoT. igi iCens erTgvar loialobas. is acxadebs, rom baTomi
ekuTvnis saqarTvelos, magram igi moiTxovs erTgvar garantias. igi
ambobs, somxeTsac aqvs ekonomiuri interesebi baTomSi da moiTxovs
am ekonomiur interesebis uzrunvelyofis garantias. es aris presis
azri. am azrze me ar SevCerdebodi, vinaidan igi aris mxolod presis
azri, sxva kerZo cnobebi rom ar mqondes xelT. es cnobebi ki sul sxva
suraTs gviSlis win. me Zlier moxaruli viqnebodi es kerZo cnobebi
rom ar gamarTldes, magram dRes am cnobebis mixedviT me maqvs ufleba
aq sajaroT ganvacxado, rom presis azrs iziarebs TviT araratis re­

12
spublikis mTavrobac. me mets vityvi, is ufro Sors midis. Cven dain­
teresebuli varT baTumis sakiTxi ise iqnes gadawyvetili, rom Cvenc
gveqnes saSualeba ekonomiuri aRorZinebisa da gaZlierebisao. da
moiTxoven rkinis gzis gayvanas baTomisaken. rasakvirvelia, es kargi
survilia. miT umetes, yvelas surs sxvisi gziT isargeblos da sxvis
miwa-wyalze rkinis gza gaiyvanos. magram es iseTi survilia, romelic
arafriT aris dasabuTebuli, romelsac araviTari loRika ara aqvs.
miT umetes, rom Cven gvaqvs dadebuli gansakuTrebuli satranzito
xelSekruleba, sadac aSkarad aris aRniSnuli, rom is saqoneli, ro­
melsac ki miiRebs somxeTi saqarTvelos rkinis gzebiT, ganTavisufle­
buli iqneba satranzito gadasaxadisgan. me mgonia es ise garkveviTa
da aSkarad aris aRniSnuli xelSekrulebaSi, rom somxeTisaTvis ar
iyo saWiro gansakuTrebul garantiebis micemaze Camoegdo laparaki.
aseTia pretenziebi somxeTis respublikisa, pretenziebi, romelSiac
araa araviTari loRika, araviTari damajerebeli sabuTi.
meore Cveni mezobeli am mxriv gacilebiT Sors wavida, is Semdegs
laparakobs. me Tavs nebas mivcem wavikiTxo zogierTi adgilebi inter­
viudan, romelic gaukeTes aderbeijanis gareSe saqmeTa ministrs b-n
xan-xoels. unda ganvacxado, rom Cemi piradi damokidebuleba inter­
viusTan aseTi iyo. rodesac pirvelad daibeWda gazeTebSi interviu
b-n veqilovTan, me vfiqrobdi: veqilovi axalgazrda diplomatia, man
ver moaxerxa yvelafris damalva da yvelaferi aSkarad sTqva. megona
amis Semdeg mas daibarebden baqoSi da iq dastovebden, magram sul sxva
moxda. rac sTqva axalgazrda diplomatma veqilovma, igi ufro mkaf­
iod daadastura ministrma xan-xoelma. saerTod am or diplomatTa
Soris is gansxvavebaa, rom ukanaskneli ufro gamocdili iuristia,
vinem pirveli. (kiTxulobs intervius).
am interviuSi aris moTxovna imisa, rom aseTi sakiTxis dayeneba
mogvcems saSualebas, konfederacias miuaxlovdeT. erTi sityviT am
interviuSi aris laparaki Zmobasa da erTobaze. es aris saxelmwifoe­
brivi demokratiuli lozungi; magram iqve aris sxva mxriT Semovla,
zurgidan maxvilis dakvra. es aris politika arademokratiuli, da
aseTi mokavSire ar aris mokavSire – es ar aris mezobloba. me xelTa
maqvs xelSekruleba, sadac aris naTqvami aSkarad, pirdapir, rom ori
respublika – aderbeijani da saqarTvelo, ori SeerTebuli Zala, ro­
gorc fizikurad ise moralurad – erTad gamodian da icaven yovelgan
da yovelTvis Tavis suverenul uflebebs. Tu moxda raime uTan­xmoeba,
es unda gadawydes an arbitraJiT, an morigebiT. aseT pirobebSi ader­
beijanis amgvar gamosvlas adgili ar unda hqonoda.
SeiZleba es iyos fantazia xan-xoelisa, rom mas aqvs seriozuli
garantia seriozuli pirebisa. me maqvs sabuTi vifiqro pir-iqiT,
rom seriozuli pirebi daafiqreben da ar aTqmevineben xan-xoels
imas, rac ar unda eTqva. amnairad erTa solidarobis ideia Cven me­
zoblebSi ar aris jerovanad ganmtkicebuli da xSirad undaT gaake­

13
Ton Tavisi saqmeebi kulisebSi – mfarvelobis SemweobiT. moigoneT
Tu gnebavT ajanyeba axalcixis da artaanis olqSi da is omi, rome­
lic daatexa Tavs saqarTvelos somxeTis respublikam. am gziT midian
amier-kavkasiis respublikebi saSinelebisaken, romelic SeiZleba ga­
Tavdes iseTi arev-dareviT, rogoric dRes gamefebula zangezursa
da yarabaxSi, sadac gamarTulia neitraluri zonebi da swarmoebs
SeuCerebeli sisxlis Rvra. aseT momentSi aseTi gamosvlebi, pre­
tenziebis gacxadeba baTomze: saqoneli maqvs da momeciT garantia
baTomiT visargeblovo, iseTi argumenti da loRikaa, romelsac ar
hqonia amdenxans adgili saerTaSoriso uflebaSi. marTalia zogan
hqonda, magram hqonda mxolod imperialistur saxelmwifoebs Soris,
magram aderbeijans da saqarTvelos am gziT siaruli ar SeuZliaT.
germaniasac ki ar uTqvams evropisaTvis, Savi qva Semomaqvs holan­
diis navTsadguridan, amitom ufleba maqvs pretenziebi ganvacxado
holandiis navT-sadgurebzeo. Cven demokratiul respublikas ar
miucia sabuTi romelime respublikisaTvis, rom mas efiqra, TiTqos
misi interesebi Selaxuli iqneboda saqarTvelos mier. mezoblebis
interesebis dacvis gareSe ar SeiZleba moewyos cxovreba amier-kavk.
respublikaTa. miuxedavad amisa, aderbeijani acxadebs dausabuTeb­
el pretenziebs baTomis olqze. dipolomatiuri warmomadgeneli
gavgzavneT, TiTqos SeTanxmebac aris momxdari Cven Soris, aderbei­
jani sityviT gaiZaxis SevTanxmdiTo, magram me ar SemiZlia, samwux­
arod, virwmuno am gancxadebis gulwrfeloba, radganac Cven viciT,
rom aderbeijani auarebel fuls xarjavs baTomis olqSi da hsurs
iq arev-dareva Seitanos. es xmebi me kidev ar mjera da minda vikiTxo:
sad aris aderbeijanis mTavroba, romlis diplomatiuri warmomad­
geneli da misi gareSe-saqmeTa ministri mokavSireTa respublikis,
saqarTvelos Sesaxeb aseT moxsenebas akeTebs da araviTar ganmarte­
bas ar iZleva, ar ayenebs, ar uaryofs aseT xmebs? me ar SemiZlia vTq­
va, rom iqidan Cven araviTari safrTxe ar mogvelis.
magram arsebobda meore mxare am sakiTxisa. es aris Sinauri mxare
da damokidebulia imaze, Tu ramdenad yoCaRad moviqceviT Cven: Tu
mTavroba da mmarTveli wreebi saqarTvelos interesebs darajad ed­
gomian, aseT gamosvlebs adgili ar eqneba. Tu ki marTla aseT seri­
ozul garantiebs moiTxovs Cveni mokavSire da Cven araviTar zomebs
ar vRebulobT, es aris danaSauli mTavrobisa da man unda miiRos igi
Tavis Tavze. ramdenimed es danaSauli Cvenc mogvxvdeba, Cvenc wili
gvidevs masSi, magram upirvelesad yovlisa da umTavresad igi unda
gaiazros mTavrobam. am mxriv mas SeuZlia Cveni saqme gamoasworos. man
Tvalyuri unda adevnos im diplomatiur gzas, romelsac gviCvenebs
xan-xoeli.
aderbeijanisTana mokavSireebs Cvenma mTavrobam jerovani pasuxi
unda gasces. aderbeijanis dRevandel gancxadebas ar unda mieces
didi mniSvneloba.

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 sakiTxavia: vin aTamamebs mas? vin aris misi amaRelvebeli baTomis
sakiTxSi? upirvelesad yovlisa mokavSireni. mokavSireTa Semosvlas
amierkavkasiasa da saqarTveloSi dasCemda erTi cudi Cveuleba. am
Cveulebisagan isini advilad ver ganTavisufldebian. es Cveuleba
Zvel romaul andaziT daxasiaTdeba: divide et impera (daanawile da
ibatoneo). am niadagze Sesdga mokavSireTa politika amier-kavkasi­
aSi. anarqias es dids Sehqmnis CvenSi. roca ingliselebi Semovidnen,
maT ganacxades, rom isini Sinaur saqmeebSi ar Caerevian, magram arc
erTi sakiTxi ar yofila, rom isini ar Careuliyvnen. da me gekiTxebiT,
Tqvenc moigoneT, xelTa gaqvT aseTi dapireba da gana isini ar erevian
Cvens Sinaur saqmeebSi? is, rac xdeba amier-kavkasiaSi, aris nayofi im
politikisa, mokavSireni rom awarmoeben, Tu TviT mokavSireebis ara,
yovel SemTxvevaSi kerZo generlebis moqmedebisa baTomis olqSi.
baTomis olqSi CvenTan SedarebiT zRapruli siZvirea, miuxedavad
imisa, rom iq bevri saqonelia. es xdeba imitom, rom iq aris inglisi,
kari Riaa, iq ar aris socialisturi mTavroba, romelmac vinmes raime
unda mostacos, rogorc es zogierT imperialistebs hgonia. baTom­
Si auarebeli xalxi did gaWirvebas ganicdis. spekuliacia ayvanilia
umaRles wertilamde. vis miuZRvis amaSi danaSauli? me ar vityvi, rom
spekuliacias misdevdnen baTomis general-gubernatorebi, magram faq­
tia, rom iq spekuliacia saSinels saxes Rebulobs. b-n kuk-koliss am
spekuliaciaSi SeiZleba danaSauli ar miuZRodes, magram ras sCadis
igi? miiRo ra man baTomis olqi, viTom Seecada am mxareSi marTva-gam­
geoba moewyo? mouyara Tavi Zvel moxeleebs, romelnic revoliuciis
mier uaryofilni da gandevnilni iyvnen da maTi saSualebiT ganizraxa
olqis marTva. Cven viciT, rom netar-xsenebuli nikolozis moxeleeb­
ma Ziri gamouTxares ruseTs da kidevac daamxes igi. aseve uqnes maT
denikins, romelic didi ruseTis aRdgenis ideiT iyo Sepyrobili da
uqnes imitom, rom es moxeleni mxolod da mxolod Zarcva-glejis in­
stiqtiT arian SeboWvilni da ai am xalxis saSualebiT hsurda kuk-ko­
liss wesiereba da normaluri cxovreba aRedgina am mxareSi. miaRwia
ki mizans? Tu iseTma sagrZnobelma aparatma, rogoric iyo TviTmpy­
robelobis dros, ver SesZlo maTi saSualebiT wesieri cxovrebis
ganmtkiceba, miT umetes amas ver SesZleben b-ni general-guberna­
torebi. dRes baTomis olqSi Tavdasxmebia, Zarcva-glejaa. am dros
ki b-ni kuk-kolisi baTomSi eweva intrigebs imaT winaaRmdeg, visac
seriozulad gaTvaliswinebuli aqvs mokavSireTa interesebi. me ma­
qvs cnobebi, rom danarCeni mokavSireni apireben dascalon baTomi da
gadavidnen foTis navTsadgurSi. rac xdeba baTomSi cxad hyofs, rom
mokavSireebs ar SeuZlianT marTva-gamgeoba am olqisa da is unda gad­
mogveces Cven. amas gvavalebs is mdgomareoba, romelic baTomis olqSi
saSinel zians gvayenebs. aRvniSnav erT garemoebasac: damoukideblo­
ba, ianvris 12 rom icnes, ra Seicvala mas Semdeg? faqtiurad cnobili
varT. es erTgvari safuZveli unda yofiliyo imisa, rom Cveni fulis

15
kursi sazRvar-gared TandaTan gazrdiliyo. magram kursi TandaTan
ecema, saqoneli ar Semodis CvenSi da Tu Semodis, iseT saSinel fasad
hyidian, rom ar SeuZlia Cvenma xalxma SeiZinos. es ki gagrZeldeba
manamdis, sanam baTomi aseT mdgomareobaSi iqneba. es moispoba maSin,
roca baTomi dahkargavs mis dRevandel marTva-gamgeobas da gadava im
bunebriv mmarTvelobis xelSi, romelsac saqarTvelo warmoadgens.
Tebervlis 24 mokavSireTa umaRlesma sabWom baTomi gamoacxada
porto-frankod. magram iqvea dawerili, rom es exeba mxolod qalaq
baToms, exeba ekonomiur mxares, raica Seexeba qalaqs, iq iqneba calke
saxelmwifo xalxTa ligis zedamxedvelobis qveS.
es igivea, rac inglisis generlebma aq Caidines, aq rom Camovid­
nen da Seqmnes axali saxelmwifoebi. me vambob, rom baTomSi samoTxis
kanonebic rom dawesdes, calke saxelmwifos ver Seqmnian, vinaidan
es iqneba mTeli sxeulidan bunebrivi nawilis xelovnurad mowyveta.
me mgonia amas b. ministrebic dagvidastureben, auarebeli qaRaldi
aris dawerili, rom baTomi ukan dagvbruneboda, magram miuxedavad
amisa, sakiTxi gadaiWra ise, rogorc ar unda yofiliyo gadaWrili. am
pirobebSi mokavSireni Cven ndobas, Cven simpatias ver daimsaxureben.
rasakvirvelia, SeiZleba maTTvis es ndoba Zvirfasi ar iyos, magram me
mxedvelobaSi maqvs mxolod Cemi Tavi, saqarTvelo. am gvarad sakiTx­
is gadawyveta aris sakiTxis Tavidan moSoreba da maT mouxdebaT gaim­
eoron is ryeviTi politika, romelsac ruseTis mimarT awarmoebdnen:
xan moiyvanen jars, xan ukan waiyvanen da gaCndeba is saqanela, rome­
lic maT ruseTSi moawyes; isini ruseTis frontze iyvnen bolSevike­
bis winaaRmdeg, sanam denikini zRvis pirs ar moadga, maSin ki Casxdnen
gemSi da wavidnen.
exla ra vqnaT? ra unda vsTqvaT? ra unda movsTxovoT mTavrobas?
roca Zvelad osmaleTs waarTves baTomi, mas arc ki ugvrZvnia amis sim­
wvave, ar ugvrZvnia rogori SesaniSnavi nawili CamoarTves; baTomi
mis xelSi iyo ubralo sofeli, romlis mSvenier navTsadgurSi idga
mxolod erTi-ori patara navi; roca saqarTvelos daubrunda, igi
mSvenieri qalaqi Seiqna, evropieli kulturiT. isic unda aRiniSnos,
rom ruseTis mTavroba mainca da mainc did pretenziebs ver ganacxa­
debs, ver ityvis, rom mas aq didi rame daexarjos; arc erTi maTi gro­
Si ar daxarjula; isini mxolod mZarcvelis TvaliT uyurebdnen ba­
Toms da Tu rame gakeTda am qalaqSi, es mxolod isev baTomis mSvenieri
bunebisa da qarTveli eris dauSreteli energiis wyalobiT. exla b. b.
ministrebo, mTavrobis warmomadgenelno, ras fiqrobT baTomis Sesax­
eb? me Tqven ar gisayvedurebT, rom notebi ar giweriaT; me vici notebi
bevri daiwera da gaigzavna kidec, magram ra sargebloba moitana am
notebma? saqme amiT ar gakeTebula, dRes xalxi moiTxovs, ara marto
damfuZnebeli kreba, aramed mTeli xalxi, vinaidan baTomis sakiTxi,
baTomis saqme masisa da xalxis saqmea. xalxi gapatiebT, batonebo, cud
miliciasa da cud administracias, gapatiebT sxva Sinaur naklsac,

16
mag­ram ar gapatiebT imas, rom mas Tqven dRemdis baTomi ver daubru­
neT; rac dRe gadis, mdgomareoba baTomis rTuldeba. Tqveni danaSau­
li isaa, rodesac gamocxadda ingliselebi stoeben baTomso, rodesac
TqvenTan movidnen da giTxres ingliselebi midian, baTomi Tqven unda
dagekavaT; marTalia ar yofila iseTi momenti, rom inglisis patara
nawili mainc ar darCeniloyo baTomSi, raTa SerCenodaT sabuTi eTq­
vaT wavediT da kidec arc wavsulvarTo, magram xsenebul momentSi
SeiZleboda meti energiis gamoCena; Cven maSin unda SevsuliyaviT ba­
TomSi. Tqvenc TiTqos saTanado zomebi miiReT: jari gagzavneT, sazR­
varze miiyvaneT, magram ukan daabruneT. es garemoeba autanel mdgo­
mareobaSi ayenebs saqarTvelos; jer erTi, didi xarji gavswieT am
eqspediciisaTvis. meore is rom, jari misuli sazRvarze, Tvalcrem­
liani ukan dabrunda; me mgonia, aseTi eqspedicia kidev rom ganmeor­
des, Cven jari aRar gveyoleba. Cveni organizacia ki swored am jarSi
ixateba, misi daSla aris Cveni saxelmwifos daSla. amitom mTavroba
mas meti sifxizliT da yuradRebiT unda moepyras. me ar moviT­xov
Tqvengan ingliss omi gamoucxadoT. me Zalian kargad vicnob Cemi sam­
Soblos Zalas, vici isic, rom samxreTidan mas mosdgomia urdoebi,
CrdiloeTidan mas emuqreba mrisxane mteri da sxv., magram vici isic,
rom Cven vcxovrobT iseT xanaSi, rodesac rac Seni ar aris, rac xelSi
ar gaqvs, is dakargulia; da vai maSin, Tu baTomi daikarga im mizeziT,
rom igi droze ar davikaveT da dRes Cven xelSi ar aris; ras etyviT
maSin xalxs? me geubnebiT: xalxi ar gapatiebT baTomis dakargvas. da
Tu Tqven ar miiReT yovelgvari, energiuli, SesaZlebeli zomebi, Tu
gadaWriT ar ganacxadeT, rom baTomi dauyovnebliv unda daubrundes
Tavis deda-samSoblos, Tqven, batonebo, baToms dakargavT; xolo Tu
baTomi dakargeT Tqven aqedan unda waxvideT (taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis gareSe-saqmeTa ministrs.
gareSe saqmeTa ministri e. gegeWkori. moqalaqeno! sruliad kanon­
ieri da bunebrivia is aRelveba da interesi, romelsac Cveni sazoga­
doeba, presa da misi xalxi iCens baTumis sakiTxis irgvliv. gadame­
tebuli ar iqneba, Tu Cven vityviT, rom es sakiTxi Cveni respublikis
yofna ar yofnis sakiTxia. ase esmoda da ase esmis mTavrobas am kiTxvis
mniSvneloba da amitomac gansakuTrebulis yuradRebiT ekideboda da
ekideba mas. Tu mTavar safuZvels, mTeli Cveni muSaobisa warmoadgens
saqarTvelos demokratiuli saxelmwifos ganmtkiceba da ayvaveba,
Tavis Tavad cxadia mTavrobas ar SeeZlo da ar SeuZlia mTeli Tavis
energiiT da Zal RoniT daayenos is, rac Seadgens aucilebel piro­
bas Cveni arsebobisa da momavlisa. saqarTvelo ubaTumod da baTumi
usaqarTvelod es mware dacinva da gamasxaravebaa saxelmwifoebrivi
ideis da erTa TviTgamorkvevis principisa. vinc moisurvebs am sityve­
bis magar frazebad monaTvlas, mas movTxovoT angariSi gauwios sinam­
dviles da realur faqtebs. ra gviCvena sinamdvilem. ori wlis wineT
Zlierma gareSe Zalam moglija baTumi da misi olqi, es organuli naw­

17
ili saqarTvelosi Tavis deda samSoblos da orive nawilma da mTelma
erTnairis simwvaviT igrZno damRupveli Sedegebi ulmobeli vivisek­
ciisa, moklebuli sasunTqav organos, saqarTvelos sxeuli dauZlur­
da, daavaTmyofda; baTumi ki es brwyinvale da sicocxliT savse qalaqi
dasWkna, daavadda da sofels daemgzavsa, ramodenime Tve osmalTa ok­
upaciisa sakmarisia Seiqna, rom baToms dabruneboda is saxe, romelic
mas hqonda warsulSi, rodesac is mowyvetili saqarTvelos osmale­
Tis provincias warmoadgenda.
bevrs imaTgans, visac aSkarad ver gauTvaliswinebia, Tu raSi iyo
mizezi baTumis avadmyofobisa, egonaT, rom es aixsneboda baTumis ma­
Sindel baton-patronTa uvargisobiT, maTi uniWobiT am Zvirfas kuT­
xis administraciulad da moqalaqeobrivad mowyobis saqmeSi.
osmalTa okupacia antantis okupaciam Sescvala. qalaqis da ol­
qis saTaveSi moeqca inglisis samxedro sardloba, magram Tqven yvelam
iciT, moqalaqeno, da es ukve aravisTvis sadao ar aris, rom mdgo­
mareoba kidev ufro mwvavdeba; saSineli sasursaTo krizisi, zRapru­
lad cxovrebis gaZvireba, aRvir waxsnili spekuliantTa vakxanalia,
administratiuli aparatis sruli dacema, ai ra axasiaTebs baTomis
da misi olqis dRevandel viTarebas.
mere rad moxda es?
rad moxda is, rom baTumi Seiqna bazad, sadac Tavs iyris Cetni­
kebis da sxva anarqiul elementebis saxiT, SeiaraRebuli brboebi
saqarTvelos da mTel amier-kavkasias walekas uqadis? gana SesaZle­
belia vifiqroT, rom msoflios dRevandel mbrZanebels ar Seswevs
Zala da niWi gauZRves da Tavi gaarTos iseT pawawina kuTxes, ro­
goric baTomis olqia? aseTi kiTxvis dasmac SeuZlebelia. mxolod
saWiroa xazi gausvaT da aRvniSnoT, rom didi britaneTic ver SesZ­
lebs SeuZle­bels. isic unda daemorCilos bunebis kanonebs. da rode­
sac winaaRmdeg istoriul, etnografiuli da ekonomiuri kanonebisa,
man moisurva nawilis mTelisagan Camoglejis dadastureba, bunebam
Tavisi moiTxova da Cven vxedavT, rom aseTma ganzraxvam migviyvana im
katastrofamde, rolis winaSe dgas ara marto baTumis mxare, saqarT­
velo da amier-kavkasia, aramed TviT inglisis politika mcire azi­
aSi. moqalaqeno! me mogaxseneT ukve, Tu ra mniSvnelobas vaZlevdiT
baTumis sakiTxs saerTo muSaobaSi. amitomac, rogorc ki fexi Semod­
ga antantam CvenSi, maT warudgineT nota, romelSiac moviTxovdiT
Tanaxmad samarTlianobisa aRedginaT status quo ante osmaleTTan omisa,
swored baTumis niadagze. saqarTvelo ar daemorCila brestis xe­
lSekrulebas; man miuxedavaT im saSineli safrTxisa, romelic moe­
loda mTel xalxs da uqadida mas fizikur ganadgurebas, xelSi xmali
aiRo da SeebrZola baTumSi Semosuls gareSe Zalas. moklebuli dax­
marebas, mitovebuli yvelasagan qarTveli eri iaraRiT xelSi icavda
Tavis qveyanis alayafis karebs – baTums da ara erTi da ori saukeTe­
so misi Svilebi msxverplad Seewira am TiTqmis uimedo, magram amave

18
dros wminda brZolas. qarTveli xalxi am brZolaSi faqtiurad gamo­
dioda, rogorc mokavSire antantisa da es ukanaskneli valdebulia
gaaqarwylos usamarTloba brestis xelSekrulebisa. amas moiTxovs
samarTlianoba da TviT Rirseba mokavSire saxelmwifoebisa. Cven
kargad viciT, moqalaqeno, damf. krebis wevrno, ra fasi aqvs Cven
droSi samarTlianobis da sxva am gvar maRal principebs. viciT, rom
yvela wydeba mSra­li angariSebis mixedviT. es aris erTad erTi re­
aluri safuZveli, romelzedac Sendeba adamianTa da saxelmwifoTa
urTierToba da swored es gvaZlevs uflebas, aSkarad vsTqvaT saja­
rod, rom xSirad gagebuli interesebi antantisa da gansakuTrebiT
inglisisa moiTxovda da moiTxovs dResac am garTulebul pirobeb­
Si, baTumis da sxva saWir-boroto sakiTxebis dauyonebliv gadaWras
ise, rom gaZlierdes da ganmtkicdes Cveni saxelmwifoebrivi apara­
ti da samxedro organizacia. aSkaraa bevr mniSvnelovan momentebSi
Cvens Soris bunebrivia azrTa da interesTa sxva da sxvaoba, SesaZloa
Sexla-Semoxla, amas hqonda adgili axlo warsulSi, albad eqneba
momavalSi, magram amave dros miudgomeli analizi saerTaSoriso
politikuri koniuqturis da perspeqtivebi iZlevian uryev sabuTs
vaRiaroT, rom saqarTvelos damoukideblobis cnoba, misi realur
faqtorad gaxdoma amas moiTxovda da moiTxovs sasicocxlo inter­
esebi mokavSireebisa. – 12 ianvris istoriulma aqtma TiTqos mogvca
Cven saSualeba gvefiqrna, rom mokavSireTa koalicia daadga am gzas,
rom man savsebiT igrZno da SeiTvisa siswore aseT Sexedulebisa, ma­
gram am SemTxvevaSi gadaidga mxolod erTi nabiji. mas Tan unda moy­
oloda mTeli rigi sxva nabijisa da Tavdapirvelad baTumis sakiTxis
swori da samarTliani gadaWra, magram aq Cven vxedavT sul winaaRm­
degs. – moqalaqeno, swored am niadagze iyo dayenebuli mTavrobis
muSaoba saerTod da kerZod baTumis Sesaxeb. ase vmuSaobdiT aq. ase­
Tive direqtivebi hqonda Cvens delegacias evropaSi. darwmunebiT
SemiZlia mogaxsenoT, rom mTavrobas ar gauSvia arc erTi SemTxveva
gaeSuqebina baTomis sakiTxi antatis yvela avtoritetul warmomad­
genelTa winaSe. da amis mowmeni arian bevri gavleniani wevrebi TviT
damf. krebisa da sxva da sxva politik. jgufisa. am mxriv saqarTvelos
mTavrobam Seasrula Tavisi vali mokavSireTa winaSe, man misca maT
sruli informacia, man daayena sakiTxi swor da samarTlian niadagze,
man miiRo yvela zomebi aecilebina uneblieTi Secdoma da Tu am kiTx­
vis gadaWras ar mieca sasurveli mimarTuleba, Tu es gamoiwvevs sam­
wuxaro garTulebas, Tavis Tavad cxadia brali saqarTvelos mTavro­
bas ar daedeba. aqve unda aRvniSnoT Cveni azri saganze, Cven SevZeliT
migvewvdina uSuamavloT TviT pirvel xarisxovan saxelmwifo moR­
vaweTaTvis evropaSi, magram SesaZloa saq. mTavrobam ver Seasrula
Tavis movaleoba mezobelTa mimarT. egeb aq ver gamoiCina man sruli
loialoba da cdilobda am saqmis mogvarebas mezobelTa zurgs ukan?
Tqven iciT, aseT braldebebsac hqonda samwu­xarod adgili.

19
 gadaWriT SemiZlia ganvacxado, rom saq. mTavrobas arasodes ar
daumalavs Tavisi azri da miswrafebani baTumis Sesaxeb. TviT Cveni
parlamentis tribunidan, ara erTxel gagvicxadebia is, rasac dRes
mxo­lod vimeorebT. yvelgan da yovelTvis Cven vaRiarebdiT da dResac
vaRiarebT, rom Tumc baTumi da misi olqi Seadgens ganuyrel nawils
saqarTveloisa, magram Cven kargaT gvesmis, Tu ra mniSvneloba aqvs
baTumis ports amier-kavkasiisaTvis. qarTveli eri arasodes ar moi­
survebs borotad isargeblos baTumiT, Caketos amier-kavkasiis sxva
respublikebi, ar misces maT gasavali gza da xeli SeuSalos am mxare­
Si sawarmovo Zalebis da aReb-micemobis ganviTarebas. gana aseTi ram
Sedis Cven angariSSi? gana vinmesaTvis saeWvoa, rom Tu mTeli Cveni
politika mimarTuli iyo da aris konferenciisaken, amis damamtkice­
beli sabuTebi ki mTeli Cveni muSaobaa, rom Cven sxva gzas ver davadge­
biT? dee, nu erwmunebian Cven sityvebs. davsvaT sakiTxi praqtikulad,
gana romelime Cvens mezobels SeuZlia isargeblos baTomiT, Tu ki
is ar gaivlis da gaatarebs saqonels saqarTvelos teritoriaze?
maS raSia saqme? rad dagvWirda gareSe Zalebis am saqmeSi garantia
da Careva? gana Cven Soris ar aris dadebuli xelSekruloba, romlis
ZaliT yvela sadavo sakiTxebi morigeobiT da arbitraJis saSualebiT
unda gadawydes? Cven viciT, moqalaqeno, sxva qveynebis istoriidan,
TviT Cveni mware gamocdilebiT, Tu ra damRupvel Sedegebs iZleva
mcire erebisTvis aseTi politika. somxeTis xalxma didi msxverpli
gaiRo aseT politikis meoxebiT da saqarTvelos mTavroba Tavis mxriv
miiRebs zomebs baTomis portiT sargeblobis sakiTxi am niadagze dam­
Tavrdes. aderbeijanis sag.-saqmeTa ministris mier gamoqveynebuli
ukanaskneli cnoba amis imedebs iZleva.
neba moboZeT, moqalaqeni, SevaCero Tqveni yuradReba baTomSi
momxdar ambebze am bolo xanebSi. Tebervlis SuaSi Cven miviReT cno­
bebi, rom ingliselebi apireben baTomis da misi olqis evakuacias.
ramodenime dRis Semdeg amis maCvenebeli niSnebic davinaxeT; gaigza­
vna baTomidan sagrZnobi nawili maTi jarebisa da daitvirTa gemze
batareac; samxedro saministrom miiRo baTomis inglisel sardlobis
winadadeba SeeZina misgan jorebi.
mTavrobam gadaswyvita daekavebia baTomis olqi, rogorc ki in­
gliselebi evakuacias moaxdenden. magram 29 Tebervals uordropisa­
gan miviReT cnoba, rom ingliselebi kidev rCebian baTomSi da Tqvens
jarebs ufleba ar misceT baTomis sazRvrebs gadascildneno. aseTi
cnoba miviReT 29 Tebervals. 1 marts miviReT cnoba, rom umaRles­
ma sabWom gadaswyvita droebiT gagrZeldes baTomis okupacia, TviT
olqis Sesaxeb am cnobaSi erTi sityvac ar aris naTqvami.
mTavrobas gadawyvetili hqonda Sesuliyo baTomis olqSi da Ses­
aferisi gankarguleba da brZaneba gaeca. magram britaneTis umaRles­
ma komisarma aseT nabijis gadadgmaSi causus delli-c ki dainaxa. am SemTx­
vevaSi cxadia, saqarTvelos mTavrobas, romlis politikasac Seadgens

20
am saqmis mSvidobianad damTavreba, ar SeeZlo angariSi ar gaewia am
garemoebisaTvis, vinaidan es iqneboda urCobis gaweva.
amitom man gasca brZaneba, jarebis win waweva SeeCerebiaT. unda
mogaxsenoT, rom aseTi brZaneba miuvida jarebs im mimarTulebiT, sa­
dac gvqonda pirdapiri satelefono kavSiri, miiRes Tu ara, brZane­
ba Seasrules. es iyo natanebis mimarTuleba. xolo, rac Seexeba ar­
danujis da ... mimarTulebas, Cven jarebs aseTi brZaneba miuvidaT
maSin, roca maT faqtiurad es adgilebi daiWires, iq isini maSin ukve
im­yofeboden da saqarTvelos droSa am baTomis olqSi frialebda
(taSi). (dadiani: esec SemTxveviT movlenaa!) yovelives gageba unda,
moqalaqe dadiano! yovel SemTxvevaSi, me unda vaRiaro, rom b. mdivans
daaviwyda es garemoeba, romelsac didi mniSvneloba aqvs imaTTvis,
vinc am sakiTxs sWris ara jgufuri, an partiuli TvalsazrisiT, ar­
amed saxelmwifoebrivi TvalsazrisiT. ase unda daafasoT es garemoe­
ba, rom baTomis olqSi Cven gviWiravs iseTi strategiuli adgilebi,
romelnic mTel olqSi pirvelad iTvleba da saqarTvelo da misi Sei­
araRebuli Zala baTomis olqSi warmoadgens realur faqts, da amis
Semdeg zedmetia imis Tqma, TiTqos baTomis olqSi ar SevsuliyaviT.
me Tavidanve mogaxseneT, rom Tqven unda gauwioT angariSi im
pirobebs, romelic gars axvevia baTomis sakiTxs. cudi aris is poli­
tikosi, romelic mTavrobis moqmedebidan gamoacalkevebs erT rome­
lime sakiTxs da imisda mixedviT unda daafasos mTavrobis moqmedebis
mTavari xazi. Cven aseT politikoss verafers ver daujerebT.
me Tamamad SemiZlia ganvacxado, rom mTavrobam miiRo yovelgvari
zomebi, rom gadadgmulia nabiji da igi ganagrZobs kvlav ase siaruls,
rom miaRwios im mizans, romelsac Cven visaxavT. magram, cxadia, am
SemTxvevaSi Cven gavuwevT angariSs im pirobebs, romlebSiac vmoq­
medebT. da Tu batoni oratorebi, romelnic aq laparakobdnen, gvTx­
oven mxolod amas, maSin Cvensa da maT Soris uTanxmoeba ar unda iyos.
me gTxovT, yovelive Cven mier gadadgmuli nabijebi daafasoT imisda
mixedviT, Tu ra pirobebSi gvixdeba am nabijis gadadgma. 2 marts, mo­
qalaqeno, kidev maSin, roca Cveni jari idga... Cven miviReT Semdegi
gancxadeba gen. kuk-kolisis, romelsac aq nebas mivscem Cem Tavs Tqven
wagikiTxoT:
1. baTomis olqSi natanebis, axalcixis da artaanis mxriT aSkarad
swarmoebs Seteva saqarTvelos jarisa.
2. am Jamamdis ori ukanaskneli punqtis samxedro Zalebma gada­
laxes arsebuli sazRvari. artaniis razmma ukve gadaayena SavSeTSi
adgilobrivi administracia da mis adgilze Tavisi daniSna. amas gar­
da sami qarTveli jaris kaci Sevida qal. ardanuWSi. natanebis razmi
mzve­ravebs uSvebs sazRvarze.
3. vinaidan me maqvs miRebuli kategoriuli brZaneba mTavarsar­
dlis general ser jorj milnisagan, rom araviTar samxedro Zalas
ar mieces sazRvris gadalaxvis saSualeba, da saqarTvelos jari ki

21
nebadaurTvelad gadmovida britaneTis gamgeblobis qveS myof ter­
itoriaze, gTxovT moiTxovoT dauyonebliv gayvana saqarTvelos
jaris yvela nawilebis, romelnic am Jamad baTomis olqis farglebSi
imyofebian.
4. Tu araviTari amgvari brZaneba ar iqna gacemuli, amisaTvis saWi­
ro dros ganmavlobaSi, me vitoveb uflebas miviRo iseTi zomebi, ro­
gorsac saWirod vcnob, rom saSualeba meqnes mTavarsardlis gankar­
guleba sisruleSi moviyvano.
me Zalian madlobeli viqnebi Tu pasuxi gamomegzavneba maior dan­
is saSualebiT.
miiReT da sxv. kuk-kolisi“.
miuxedavad aseTi kategoriuli moTxovnilebisa, moqalaqeno,
saqar­Tvelos mTavrobam kategoriuli uari ganacxada jarebis ukan
dabrunebis Sesaxeb da unda vsTqva, rom bevri molaparakebis Semdeg
Cven erTnair SeTanxmebas mivaRwieT. Cveni jari darCa baTomis olqSi,
is iq warmoadgens mokavSire Zalas da rogorc aseTi, imyofeba bri­
taneTis umaRlesi sardlobis qveS. aseTia, moqalaqeno, is SeTanxmeba,
romelic Cven Soris aris dadebuli 2 marts. es SeTanxmeba ormxrivi
dokumentia: erTis mxriv es gvavalebs Cven davemorCiloT brZanebas
saerTaSoriso sardlobisas da amave dros Cven gvaqvs ufleba movsTx­
ovoT imaT, vinc am SeTanxmebas xeli moawera, rom man gamoiCinos iseTi
loialoba, rogorc Seefereba mokavSires. samwuxarod, moqalaqeno,
unda vaRiaroT, rom Cven sul sawinaaRmdego faqtsa vxedavT da presa­
Siac iyo is cnoba, romelic amas adasturebs. am loialobas Cven iq ver
vxedavT. magram Cven viciT, moqalaqeno, da es sasixarulod SemiZlian
ganvacxado, rom baTomis mcxovrebTa cxra meaTedi aRtacebiT miegeba
saqarTvelos jars (mxurvale taSi).
aqve unda gangicxadoT, moqalaqeno, rom araviTar gaugebrobas
da incidents Cvens jarsa da .... mTavrobas Soris adgili ara hqonia
(taSi).
aseTia suliskveTeba da nebisyofa aWarisa da mTeli baTomis olq­
is mcxovrebTa da Tavdapirvelad amas unda gauwios angariSi saqarT­
velos mTavrobam.
Cven xelTa gvaqvs amis damamtkicebeli sabuTi da nebas mivscem
Cems Tavs gamovaqveyno is telegrama, romelic mTavrobam dRes miiRo,
asli am telegramisa gaegzavna yvela misiebsa da Sefebs. (kiTxulobs
depeSebs).
aseTia, moqalaqeno, sinamdvile, aseTia aWaris xalxis suliskveTe­
ba. Cven xelTa gvaqvs SarSandeli mejlisis dadgenileba. Cven xelT
gvaqvs, miuxedavad mravalgvari intrigebisa, baTomis arCevnebSi saqa­
rTvelos brwyinvale gamarjveba. iqauri mmarTvelebi iq verafers
ver gaxdebian da bolos da bolos samarTlianoba moiTxovs aRdge­
nil iqnes da baTomi da misi olqi Tavis deda-samSoblo saqarTvelos
daubrundes. me minda, moqalaqeno, aq Tqveni yuradReba SevaCero im

22
cnobebze, romelnic Cven mogvivida ucxo saxelmwifoTa misiebisgan
umaRlesi sabWos dadgenilebis Sesaxeb.
gvaqvs 4 cnoba:
I. britaneTis umaRlesi komisaris, sadac is laparakobs baTomis
droebiT okupaciaze.
II. Cveni diplomatiuri warmomadgenelis stambolSi, rcxilaZis, 5
marts miRebuli, sadac is laparakobs droebiT okupaciaze da baTomis
bedis gadawyveta unda moxdes osmalebTan erTad.
III. 9 marts gabasi, sadac is ityobineba, rom baTomi cxaddeba, ro­
gorc porto-franko.
IV. 16 marts safrangeTis misiis mier, sadac es cnoba laparakobs
damoukidebel saxelmwifoze TviT baTomisa da patara zonisa.
yvela am cnobebze erTi ram SeiZleba iTqvas: st non e vere, e ben trovato.
mTeli is muSaoba, romelic baTomis da mis olqSi swarmoebs, es aris
cda, niadagi da safuZveli miscen im patara saxelmwifos, romelzedac
safrangeTis misiis cnoba laparakobs da romelsac sxva da sxva agen­
tebi damoukidebel aWaristans eZaxian.
swored amnair mdgomareobaze ityvian: Senc waxdi, mec wamaxdine,
qriste aRsdga gixarodeso.
veraviTari Zala da milionebi aseT kuriozul protests xorcs
ver Seasxams. gana ar ician, rom sakmarisia saqarTvelom daketos Tavis
sazRvrebi, aWaristanis saxelmwifodan mxolod usiamovno maxsovroba
darCeba. SesaZloa amas Tan mohyves saqarTvelo da mTeli amier-kavka­
sia da vin icis rogor daSavdebian isinic, vinc bedavs es boroti saqme
inglisis saxeliT akeTos. mere ra dros xdeba, moqalaqeno, yovelive
es? CrdiloeTis safrTxe karzea momdgari, Savi Rrublebi mogrovil­
ia horizontze da Cven ki did Zalas da energias amaSi vxarjavT. es
didi istoriuli danaSaulia saerTo saqmis winaSe da guldamSvideb­
iT SemiZlia ganvacxado Tqvens winaSe, rom saqarTvelos mTavrobas
yovelive amaSi yvelaze naklebi brali edeba. saqarTvelos mTavroba
ver Seurigdeba Seqmnil mdgomareobas, is Tamamad ganagrZobs Tavis
muSaobas, is miiRebs yovel Rones daubrundes Tavisi organiuli naw­
ili Tavis sxeuls, aRadginos mTlianoba cocxali organizmisa, raTa
normaluri funqciebi daiwyos Cveni saxelmwifos yvela organoebma.
Seecdeba gadalaxos yvela dabrkolebebi, axsovs ra, rom am SemTxveva­
Si igi akeTebs mTeli amier-kavkasiis saqmes da emsaxureba kacobriobis
umaRles idealebs. (taSi).
Tavmjdomareobs aleqsandre lomTaTiZe, romelic acxadebs, rom
baTomis sakiTxis gamo gamarTul saxalxo mitingis Tavmjdomarisagan
man miiRo mitingis Semdegi dadgenileba:
„muSaTa da moqalaqeTa mravalricxovani mitingi, Tavmoyrili
baTomis olqSi Seqmnili mdgomareobis gamosarkvevad, erTxmad aRi­
arebs, rom 1918 w. 1 aprils osmaleTis jarma aiRo q. baTomi saqarT­
velos mxedrobasTan brZolis Semdeg da mis xelT igdo baTomis olqi,

23
romelic sabWoTa mTavrobam brestis zavis Tanaxmad osmaleTis impe­
rias gadasca.
saqarTvelos xalxi mas Semdeg, rac osmaleTi msoflio omSi dam­
arcxda, mudam-dRe eloda baTomis olqis SemoerTebas, romelic et­
nografiulad, kulturulad da istoriulad uxsovar droidan saqa­
rTvelos ganuyofel nawils warmoadgenda.
baTomis olqis mcxovreblebma Tavis arCeul warmomadgenelTa
piriT, romelTac Seqmnes mejlisi, sayovelTaod aRiares, rom samah­
madiano saqarTvelos Seuryeveli survilia deda-saqarTvelosTan
avtonomiur safuZvelze gaerTianeba.
q. baTomis mcxovreblebma saqalaqo arCevnebSi 29 Tebervals
1920 w. Tumc is swarmoebda qarTvelTaTvis metad ara xelsayrel
pirobebSi, mkafiod da gadaWriT gamoTqves Tavisi azri, rom baTomi
saqarTveloa, is aseTi iyo Zveli reJimis drosac, da moiTxoves
baTomis saqarTvelos respublikisaTvis gadacema.
miuxedavad xalxis neba-survilisa, romelic eyrdnoba revoli­
uciisa da Tavisuflebis did princips – erTa TviTgamorkvevis ufle­
bas – baTomis saokupacio mTavroba ganagrZobs Zvel gzas – qarTvel­
Ta devnas da maTi interesebis udierad fexqveS gaTelvas da am mizniT
is wineT eyrdnoboda gen. denikinis momxreebs, am Jamad ki panTur­
qistebisa da anarqistul-bolSevikuri elementebis bloks.
q. baTumisagan karikaturuli saxelmwifos Seqmna moaswavebs sa­
qar­Tvelos demokratiis interesebis fexqveS gaTelvas da respubli­
kis ekonomiur-politikuri ganviTarebisaTvis karebis daxSobas. es
baTomis olqis mcxovrebTa spekuliantTa xelSi gadacema iqneba, rom­
lebic exla iq daTareSoben da amier-kavkasiis demokratias yvlefen.
baTomi usaqarTvelod mkvdaria, damoukidebeli saqarTvelos
arseboba ubaTumod yovlad SeuZlebelia.
iRebs ra yvela amas mxedvelobaSi, mitingi kategoriulad moiT­
xovs damfuZnebeli krebisagan da mTavrobisagan gabedul nabijebs
baTomisa da olqis SemosaerTeblad, xolo did saxelmwifoTa warmo­
madgenelTagan daCqarebiT saqarTvelos interesebis dakmayofilebas.
mxolod am gziT SesaZlebelia megobruli urTierTobis damyare­
ba saqarTvelosi did mokavSire saxelmwifoebTan“.
damfuZnebeli kreba taSiT egebeba am dadgenilebas.
amis Semdeg mdivani kiTxulobs baTomidan gamogzavnil samusli­
mano saqarTvelos mejlisis Tavmjdomaris mamed-beg abaSiZis Semdeg
depeSas:
„saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomares.
gasuli wlis 31 agvistos mTeli baTomis olqis musliman qar­
TvelTa warmomadgenelTa yrilobam, romelic Seikriba qalaq ba­
TomSi inglisis adgilobriv sardlobis nebarTviT, RvTis da qvey­
nis winaSe aRiara, rom qalaqi baTomi da baTomis olqi ganuyreli da
ganuyofeli nawilia saqarTvelosi da moiTxova, rom xelovnurad

24
saqarTvelosagan mowyvetili olqi avtonomiurad gaerTianebul
iqnas deda-samSoblo saqarTvelosTan. yrilobam airCia mejlisis wev­
rni, romelTac daavala ezrunaT yrilobis xsenebul dadgenilebis
sisruleSi misayvanad. es gadawyvetileba baTomis olqis musliman
qarTvelebisa, romlebic 95 proc. Seadgenen olqis mcxovreblebisas,
mejlisma acnoba specialuri delegaciis saSualebiT rogorc saqa­
rTvelos mTavrobas da didi britaneTis umaRles komisars kavkasia­
Si mister uordrops, ise sxva saxelmwifoTa warmomadgenlebsac. amis
Semdegac baTomis olqis qarTvel muslimanebs ara erTjel da orjel
gamouTqvamT Tavisi nebisyofa olqisa da qalaq baTomis saqarTve­
losTan avtonomiurad gaerTianebis Sesaxeb.
miuxedavad olqis mcxovrebTa aseTi neba-survilisa, mokavSire­
Ta umaRles sabWos gadauwyvetia, rom qalaq baTomisagan mciredi
zoniTurT gamoiWras „patara saxelmwifo“. umaRlesi sabWos es gad­
awyvetileba, romelic ewinaaRmdegeba xalxis neba-survils, sasikvdi­
lo laxvars scems rogorc Cvens olqs, ise deda-samSoblos saqarTve­
los, romlis ganuyofeli nawilia qalaqi baTomi da misi olqi.
baTomis olqis qarTvel muslimanTa mejlisis da samuslimano
saqarTvelos ganmanTavisuflebel komitetis saxeliT vacxadeb ra
umaRles protests mokavSireTa umaRles sabWos zemoxsenebul gad­
awyvetilebis gamo, vTxov Cven Zmebs – qristian qarTvelebs, saqarTve­
los damfuZnebel krebas da mTavrobas ar dagvtovon aseT ubedur md­
gomareobaSi, rac Tavs dagvatexa qarTvel muslimanebs umaRles sabWos
dadgenilebam; mogvxedon da dagvexmaron am ubedurebis Tavidan asac­
ileblad; miiRon yovelgvari RonisZieba, raTa baTomi da baTomis olqi
avtonomiurad gaerTiandes deda-samSoblo saqarTvelosTan.
Cven ki, qarTveli muslimanebi mTel qarTvel erTan TiTo-orola
Cveni mtrebis mier mosyidul pirTa gamoklebiT, ficsa vdebT RvTisa
da qveynis winaSe, rom ukanasknel sisxlis wveTamde davicavT umaRles
sabWos mier fexqveS gaTelil Cven uflebebs.
baTomi da baTomis olqi, rac unda gaxdes, ra didi msxverplis
gaRebac ar unda dagvWirdes amisaTvis, avtonomiurad unda SeuerT­
des deda-samSoblo saqarTvelos. uamisod warmoudgenelia saqarTve­
los damoukidebloba. uamisod SeuZlebelia Cveni xalxis normaluri
ganviTareba.
baTomis olqis musliman qarTvelTa mejlisis da samuslimano
saqarTvelos ganmanTavisuflebel komitetis Tavmjdomare mamed-beg
abaSiZe“.
(damfuZnebeli kreba am depeSas taSiT egebeba).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b-n Cxenkels.
akaki Cxenkeli. moqalaqeno! es aris Cven movismineT depeSa baTu­
midan mosuli samuslimano saqarTvelos saxeliT, movismineT misi sa­
lami, erTguleba deda-saqarTvelosadmi da Cven aRtacebiT vegegebiT
am gancxadebas. masze win Cven movismineT gancxadeba Cveni Tavmjdom­

25
aris piriT gadmocemuli Cven win mozRvavebul xalxis, saqarTvelos
demokratiis, qarTveli eris; es mozRvavebuli xalxi marto aq, Cven
win ki ar aris, igi aris yvela Cven daba qalaqebSi, provinciebSi. ras
moaswavebs es, moqalaqeno? imas, rom erTxel kidev iTqva, rom saqris­
tiano da samahmadiano saqarTvelo aris ori Zma erTi meorisagan
ganuyreli da verc gayris maT raime Zala. swored, gamovdivar ra, am
or gancxadebidan, me ver vilaparakeb im Sewuxebuli kiloTi, romli­
Tac ilaparaka SekiTxvis avtorma.
me vityodi, batonebo, barjgi dasmulia iq, sadac wydeba saqarT­
velos daunawileblobis, mTlianobis sakiTxi, iq sadac wydeba misi
damoukideblobis da Tavisuflebis sakiTxi, es aris axalcixe-xulos
xazi, artaan-ardanuWis xazi. me vityvi mxolod, rom saqarTvelos
mTlianoba, saqarTvelos dideba iwyeba ardanuWSi. amas Cven Zveli
istoriac mogviTxrobs. meores mxriv Cven gvaqvs erTi mniSvnelovani
data – 29 Tebervali. es aris baTumi, romelic RaRadebs Cven awmyoze
da momavalze; romelmac sayovelTao arCevnebSi Tavisi xma deda saqa­
rTvelos misca. – baTomi, amaze me ukve mogaxseneT Tavis droze, aris
dasabami Cveni ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraoba, Cveni demokratiuli
respublikis Zlevamosilebisa, Cveni politikuri simwifisa; baTomi
aris saTave, romelmac demokratia gaxada sruli suverenuli, ara
marto Tavis samSobloSi, romelmac igive demokratia gaxada agreTve
mesveurad did ruseTis revoliuciisa.
ai am or adgilas Tqmuli sityva ukve saqmed iqca. me ar SemiZlia aq
ar Sevexo im auwerel sibneles, romelic SesaZloa mogvagonebdes erT
sardlis mier alpebis gadalaxvas, da romelic sZlia Cvenma mamacma
jarma, roca man susxian zamTarSi gadaiara gayinuli maRali qedebi
da daikava ardanuWi da xulo. me am gzas vicnob, mivlia iq zafxulSi,
vicnob am qedebsac. es iyo ivlisSi. me vici da maxsovs dRevandlamde
is daRliloba, is simware, romelic me ganvicade maSin, e. i. zafxul­
Si. da es qedebi gadalaxa Cvenma jarma zamTarSi mTeli Tavisi bargiT,
iaraRiT, (Zlieri taSi yvela skamebze). amitom me unda mogaxsenoT, mo­
qalaqeno, rom Cvena gvaqvs namdvili jansaRi saxelmwifo. da es iqidan
sCans, pirvel yovlisa, rom mas hyavs aseTi Segnebuli mamaci da maRali
movaleobis grZnobiT gamsWvaluli jari.
aq iyo naTqvami, gareSe-saqmeTa ministris mier im saSinelebaze,
romelic SesaZlebelia, mogvelis Cven CrdiloeTiT. me ara vfiqrob
mainc da mainc, rom aucilebelia sisxlis Rvra moxdes bolSevikebTan,
me ara var momxre sisxlis Rvrisa, miT umetes me ara var momxre omisa
saqarTvelosa da ruseTs Soris, miuxedavad imisa Tu romeli partia
aris iq gabatonebuli. magram me var momxre qveynis dacvisa, me var
momxre saqarTvelos damoukideblobis dacvisa da roca viTvalis­
wineb im gmirobas, romelic gamoiCina Cvenma jarma, me vambob, saqarT­
velos SeuZlia damSvidebuli iyos: misi norCi, magram suliT Zlieri
jari Tavis movaleobas pirnaTlad Seasrulebs, is mas daicavs. (taSi).

26
 mogexsenebaT, rom saqarTvelo warmoadgens geometriul samkuT­
xeds, romlis centraluri kuTxe midis samxreT dasavleTiT, Tu Cven
magraT gvaqvs mibjenili Cveni zurgi am kuTxeze, raica warmoadgens
bunebriv simagreebs, maRal qedebs, Cveni xelebi Tavisufalia sruli­
ad da SesZlebs gaumklavdes CrdiloeTidan mosul mters. da amitom,
rac unda gakeTebuliyo baTomis mimarT, is gakeTebulia – baTomis
olqi saqarTvelos xelSia, me es mrwams da es marto rwmena ki ar aris,
es ukve realobaa, faqtia.
magram, erTi saSineleba mainc moxda, Cven ukve oficialurad gad­
mogvces aq, rom baTomis sakiTxi gadaWriliao.
me vici omis damTavrebis Semdeg, roca sazavo molaparakeba iyo
parizSi da versalSi, iq iyo SemoRebuli erTi axali meTodi, wesi, ro­
melic gamoixateboda imaSi, rom ar moismenden damarcxebul saxelm­
wifoTa warmomadgenlebs da ise daadgenden ganaCens. Tqven iciT, rom
ar moismines warmomadgenlebi arc germaniis, arc avstriis, ungreTis,
bulgareTis da arc osmaleTisa da ise gamoitanes gadawyvetileba maT
Sesaxeb. es meTodi SemoiRes parizSi da versalSi, magram igi ar icis
istoriam da saerTaSoriso uflebam yovel SemTxvevaSi, ase moepyren
mokavSireni mtrebs. ibadeba kiTxva, gana Cven mtrebi viyaviT? gana Cven
zurgs ukan, Cvenda daukiTxavad unda gadaewyvitaT es CvenTvis sasi­
cocxlo sakiTxi?
is, sakiTxi, romelzedac damokidebulia Cveni arseboba, Cve­
ni yofna-ar yofna? rasakvirvelia, amis pasuxs me ver miviReb, misi
avtorebi aq ar arian. magram Cven xom mtrebi ar viyaviT! Cven viyaviT
mokavSireebi. is sisxli, romelic Cveni Zmebis mier daiRvara am omSi,
aRemateba, proporciulad Tu SevadarebT, ruseTSi mcxovrebTa sxva
erovnebaTa mier daqceul sisxls. vin viyaviT Cven, an ra viyaviT? gana
mokavSireebma ar icoden? gana maTi warmomadgenelni ar iyvnen yvela
frontebze, gana isini ar gamosTqvamden Cvens winaSe petrogradSi
Tavis gancvifrebas da aRtacebas imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra roli iTamaSa
qarTulma mxedrobam rogorc oficrobam, ise jariskacobam? gana maT
ar icoden, vimeoreb, es? da miuxedavaT amisa Cvenze igive wesi, igive
meTodi, romelic ar icis istoriam da saerTaSoriso uflebam, ga­
naxorcieles Cvenma mokavSireebma! me vambob xazgasmiT – Cvenma mokav­
Sireebma. Cveni jari rom sdgas ardanujSi da xuloSi aris mokavSire.
Cven Cveni Tavi migvaCnia mokavSired. me vfiqrob, Cven ar gvxvdeboda
es, ar unda gaevrcelebiaT Cvenze es meTodi. me vfiqrob, mokavSireebs
ar unda daeSvaT erT wuTsac Cvens mimarT brest-litovskis zavi. es
ki sworeT brest-litovskis ganmeorebaa, roca Cven amogvTxares mar­
jvena Tvali – baTomi Cvenma istoriulma mterma osmaleTma da mxdal­
ma balSevikebma. balSevizmi, rogorc socialisturi moZraoba ki ar
iyo saSiSi, amas Cven gauwevdiT angariSs. magram balSevizmi, romelic
iCens simxdales, mtris winaSe, iCoqebs vilhelmis winaSe, Ralatobs
samSoblos, uaryofs saxelmwifos – am balSevizms Cven ver Seurig­

27
debiT. es iyo maSin. da dRes ki Cveni mokavSireebi, romlebTan erTaT
Cven vibrZodiT da sisxls vRvridiT, ai es mokavSireebi xelidan gva­
clian imave baToms.
ra moxda? osmaleTs baTums ar daubruneben, ra Tqma unda. aris
demagogiuri qadageba sxva da sxva jgufebisa, romlebic marTlac
avrceleben xmebs, baTumi osmaleTs daubrundebao, rom osmaleTi aris
xvalindeli patroni baTumisao. es aris siyalbe. namdvilaT ki osma­
leTi omSi damarcxda da Cven ar gvgonia, rom damarcxebul saxelmwi­
fos iqiT umateben teritorias, Cven viciT, rom piriqiT aseT SemTx­
vevaSi maT CamoWrian.
Cven viciT stereotipuli muxli versalis sazao xelSekrulebisa,
romlis ZaliT germaniam, avstriam da bulgareTma ukve uari sTqves
brest-litovskis zavze da aqedan gamomdinare uflebebze da ukve
moaweres xeli am xelSekrulebas, exla jeri midga osmaleTze, manac
unda moaweros xeli am muxls. maSasadame aq ixsneba sakiTxi osmale­
Tisa, igi arafer SuaSia, maS vis misces mokavSireebma baTomi? gana
is ganuyrel nawils ar Seadgenda saqarTvelosas? gana odesme yofi­
la es sadao, rac Cven ruseTis farglebSi vimyofebodiT? rad unda
CamogveWras is, rac Cven sxeulze mizrdili iyo omis dawyebamde, ra
davaSaveT, rad unda davisajoT?
Cveulebriv wesi aseTi unda yofiliyo: aRdgenil unda iqnes pir­
vel-yofili mdgomareoba e. i. Cven viyaviT mokavSire, erTad davRva­
reT sisxli, erTad gavimarjveT, maSasadame Cveni teritoria xelux­
lebeli unda darCes. es imdenad samarTliani da loRikuri debulebaa,
romlis winaaRmdeg galaSqreba da raime dadgenilebis gamotana
CvenTvis yovel SemTxvevaSi pirdapir miuwdomeli da gaugebaria, mi­
uxedavad imisa, rom Cven varT Segnebulni, Cven amas ver gavigebT veras
gziT da arc gvinda aseTi ram gavigoT.
Cven baTomTan erTad aRvsdgebiT, an masTan erTad davecemiT. iq
swydeba Cveni damoukidebloba, Cveni Tavisufleba. Cven es saqme ase
gvesmis.
gana mokavSireebma ar unda gauwion angariSi meore garemoebas,
udides garemoebas, rom ruseTis yvela xalxTa Soris – es iyo er­
Tad-erTi saqarTvelos xalxi, qarTveli eri, romelmac sxvebis daux­
mareblad da piriqiT miuxedavad auarebel gareSe dabrkolebaTa, Se­
hqmna iseTi saxelmwifo, romelsac Cven Tamamad SegviZlia vuwodoT
evropiuli saxelmwifo, demokratiuli saxelmwifo. Tqven ityviT,
raT ainteresebs evropas, Tu rogori saxelmwifo daaarsa saqarTve­
lom, maTTvis sulerTia. marTlac es ar iqneboda maTTvis saintereso,
Tu sakiTxi ise sdgas, rogorc es mokavSireebs esmiT dRes. namdvilad
ki dRes evropaSi sdgas erTi sadavo sakiTxi: romelma principma unda
gaimarjvos, iman, romelsac warmoadgens bolSevizmi, Tu iman, rome­
lic arsebobs evropis demokratiul saxelmwifoebSi da wamovayeneT
Cven? romelma unda gaimarjvos, demokratiam, Tu monarqiam? revoli­

28
uciam, Tu kontr-revoliuciam mTeli misi SedegebiT? saxelmwifom,
Tu anarqiam? gana es sakiTxi evropas ar ainteresebs? garwmunebT,
rom Cvenze ufro metad ainteresebs, evropa TviT sdgas xifaTis wi­
naSe. Cven ki es xifaTi Tavidan acilebuli gvaqvs, Cven SevqmeniT ase­
Ti weswyobileba, igi ukve gafoladda da Signidan mas araviTari
safrTxe ar moelis, es aris Cveni brZolis Sedegi, daskvna. iq ki, evro­
paSi, sadac warmoiSva am omis gamo sxva da sxva Zalebi, klasobrivma
momentma miiRo erTob mwvave saxe, sadac erTis mxriv gabatonebuli
da meores mxriv damonavebuli klasebi upirvelesad dapirispirebu­
li arian, socialuri sakiTxebi mTelis Tavis simwvaviT sdgas, aqedan
TviT demokratiuli wyobileba did xifaTis win sdgas, im xifaTis
win, romelmac STanTqa ruseTis didi revoliuciis monapovarni, TviT
saxelmwifoc. ra Tqma unda, es sakiTxi axla iq aris mwvave da mas evro­
pa angariSs uwevs.
me vici Tu ra mniSvneloba aqvs saqarTvelos, romelic sxvebis
dauxmareblad, winaaRmdeg mravalisagan mraval dabrkolebaTa, da­
aarsa is, ris gamtkicebasac iq evropaSi lamoben. me vfiqrob, rom am
jvaredin gzas aziasa da evropis Soris, amier-kavkasias, aqedan saqa­
rTvelos, romelic xidia, udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs evropisaTvis,
aqvs misTvis didi mniSvneloba, daingreva Tu damkvidrdeba aq nam­
dvili demokratiuli saxelmwifo. am garemoebas ar SeiZleba angariSi
ar gauwion evropaSi, vinaidan, vimeoreb, aq aris jvaredini gza, sadac
upirdapirdeba erTmaneTs evropisa da aziis saxelmwifoebrivoba, an
kidev evropiuli demokratia da rusuli anarqia, dakavSirebuli os­
maleTis panislamizmTan.
ismeba meore sakiTxi: gana Cven mezoblebisTvis naklebi mniSvnelo­
ba hqonda yvela amas?
gana vinme warmoidgens, rom iarsebebs azerbaijanis da somxebis
respublikebi, Tu ar iarsebebs saqarTvelos respublika? gana sad iyo
revoliuciis samWedlo, romelmac gamosWeda demokratiuli saxel­
mwifo? gana es tfilisi ar aris?! Tqven gaxsovT, rom es iyo dro,
roca baqo bolSevikebis xelSi iyo, magram saqarTvelo ki arsebobda.
Tu saqarTvelos respublika ar iarsebebs, me gadaWriT vambob, rom
ver iarsebebs aderbeijanis da somxeTis respublikebi. am wertili­
dan unda gamodiodnen Cveni mezoblebi, magram amas, samwuxarod, ver
vxedavT. Cven kidev ar gvaqvs imedi dakarguli, rom isini Seigneben
Tavis interesebs. saxelmwifos daarsebis dros aqvs mniSvneloba ara
simpatias da antipatias, aramed – sasicocxlo interesebs. gana ader­
beijanis da somxeTis interesi ar aris, rom saqarTvelo arsebobdes?
gana maT ar ician, rom Cveni damoukidebloba mWidroT aris dakav­
Sirebuli baTomis sakiTxTan?
aderbeijani ambobs, baTomi aris kari Cemi navTisTviso. keTili da
patiosani. es aris sakiTxis realurad dasma. azias ase realurad msje­
loba ar Cvevia. magram me vsvam sakiTxs, roca aderbeijani ambobs, rom

29
baTomi aris Cemi kario, rad aviwydeba mas, rom evropisaTvis gasavali
kari baqoa?! CvenTvis aqvs baToms mniSvneloba pirvel yovlisa, ro­
gorc evropaSi gasaval kars, magram rad iviwyebs aderbeijani, rom
igive baTomi evropisaTvis aziaSi gasavali karia, maSasadme, baqos
gziT? somxeTs Tavis mxriT aviwydeba, rom baTomidan gza tfilisi,
aleqsandropol-julfiT TavrizSi anu sparseTSi gadis, ai sad aris
Zafebis naskvi, e. i. centraluri punqti, sadac unda gadaiWras samive
respublikis yofna ar yofnis kiTxva, aris tfilisi, xolo tfilisi
ubaTumod warmoudgenelia. am rigad baTomSi gareSe ZalTa, msoflio
imperialistTa gabatoneba niSnavs maT gabatonebas tfilisze, baqoze
da aleqsandropolze. ai, ra aviwydebaT Cven mezoblebs.
me reali politikis momxre var, aderbeijans, rom qondes intere­
si baTomi Cven wagverTvas, es rom iyos misi sasicocxlo interesi,
kidev mesmis. iyo dro, rodesac aderbeijani fiqrobda osmaleTTan
didi imperiis Seqmnas, es iyo trapezundis xana. is iyo erTgvari gata­
ceba, SeiZleba gasagebicaa. dRes ki roca osmaleTi Camovida scenidan,
sasacilo iqneba is politikosi, romelic ityvis, rom igi Zveli saxiT
isev scenaze gamovao, me vkiTxulob ras icavs aderbeijani? gadaWriT
unda vaRiaro, rom yvelafers icavs, igi am SemTxvevaSi Tavis damou­
kideblobis garda.
rac Seexeba somxeTs, is ufro met loialobas iCens. man sTqva Tav­
is pressaSi, baTomi saqarTvelosi unda iqneso, Tan dasZina – Cvenc in­
teresi gvaqvso. ra Tqma unda, interesi aqvT aderbeijans da somxeTs,
magram es aris Cveni SeTanxmebis sakiTxi.
saqarTvelo TviT aris dainteresebuli, rom baTumi Ria iyos misi
mezoblebisaTvis. me vambob, Cven, rom erTi garvanqa naxSiri da Savi
qva ar gvqondes, marto es gza sakmarisia, rom saqarTvelom iarse­
bos ekonomiurad. Cven yelamde dainteresebuli varT, rom am gziT
isargeblon Cvenma mezoblebma, Cven gvinda Suamavloba gavswioT ev­
ropasa da azias Soris. es ician TviT mokavSireebma da es ician Cvenma
mezoblebma.
me gamovsTqvam erT survils, rom somxis presis loialobas aq
eTanxmebodes maTi delegaciis moqmedeba parizSi; es aris Tavi da Tavi
– sityva erTia, saqme meore; Cven yuradRebas vaqcevT saqmes.
aq aRniSna SemkiTxvelma da sagareo-saqmeTa ministrmac, rom
baTomis olqSi raRac aranormaluri ambebi xdeba. es, Cvenc avRniS­
neT winad. Cven movismineT baTomis Sesaxeb, rom iq ar arsebobs saxel­
mwifoebrioba, ar aris administracia, ar aris marTlmsajuleba, ar
aris TviTmmarTveloba – aris mxolod gamefebuli anarqia – e. i. iq
aris iseTi mdgomareoba, romelsac Cven ver vxedavdiT Zveli reJi­
mis drosac ki. SesaZlebelia ruseTSi kanoni ar vargoda, magram ar
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom kanons sruliad Zala ar hqonoda; aris raime
kanoni baTomSi da olqSi, an kidev misi asruleba? ara, is upatronod
aris mitovebuli.

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 asjer miTqvams, batonebo, „pogromi“ baTomSi 12 ianvars – es Cven
gvawiTlebs, Tumca danaSauli Cven ar migviZRvis; unda gamosTqvaT
imedi, gawiTldebian, unda gawiTlden isini, visac am saqmeSi danaSau­
li miuZRvis.
gana cota gaWirveba ganicada aWaram am mokle warsulSi, rom
kidev axali gaWivreba Tavze ar daatydes? am omis dros, roca ruseT­
ma mTeli aWara moRalateT gamoacxada, gana am mxares cota ubedureba
daatyda Tavze? aq adgili hqonda iseT epozodebs, romelTa Sesaxeb
me saxelmwifo dumaSi vlaparakobdi, da romelic tanSi Jruantels
gvrida msmenelT. mTeli soflebis darbeva, gadabugva, mcxovrebTa
massiuri Jleta, gadarekva mtris banakSi da bevri sxva sazizRari
movlenani sruliad Cveulebrivi iyvnen. didi alagi am sazizRroba­
Si eWira mandilosnebis gaupatiurebas, romelsac sCadioden Zveli
reJimis samxedro Zalebi. iyo mag. aseTi SemTxveva: erTi moxuci mama
grZel skamze daakres, xolo misi sul axalgazrda mzeTunaxavi qaliS­
vili mis Tval win gaaupatiures. mama, ra Tqma unda Wkuaze SeiSala,
qalma Tavi daixrCo. rogorc mogexsenebaT, qalebi xSirad gamxecebul
„kazakebis“ devnisagan mTaSi garboden da mSier mwyurvalni iqve iyine­
bodnen. erT aseT nairaT gaqceul qals, romelsac sicivisagan da Sim­
Silisagan Tavdacvis unari dakargvoda, SimSilisagan gamwarebulma
misma sakuTarma ZaRlma mkerdi amoRadra.
ai, batonebo, ra unaxavs aWaras. Cven viciT, ra safrTxes win idga
saqarTvelo, ra xifaTi moeloda mas, roca misi Svilni gaafTrebulaT
ibrZodnen aq da ruseTSi maTi RviZli Zmebis – aWarlebis saxsnelaT.
maT amisaTvis moRalateobasac ki swamebda Zveli mTavroba, bevrma
didi devnac ki ganicada.
ai, aseTi gaWivreba unaxavs aWaras, magram ras vxedavT dRes imav
aWaraSi da TviT baTomSi, sadac okupacia aris gamocxadebuli? xalxi
damSeulia, titveli, uuflebo, Zveli reJimis msunagi moxeleni dase­
via mas, romelnic aTasgvar Zalmomreobas axdens masze. arasodes rusis
„Cinovnikebs“ ar dasdgomiaT iseTi dRe, rogorc axla aqvT maT olqSi
da qalaqSi: scarcven, arbeven, sdevnian, sjian sruliad ganukiTxavad
xalxs. iq ar arsebobs araviTari samarTali, arc ubralo adamianuri
morali moxeleTaTvis. da es maSin, roca aq demokratiuli wyobileba
aris gabatonebuli, sadac wesiereba, adamianis da moqalaqis ufleba
da Tavisufleba uzrunvelyofilia. gana gagonila, rom saqarTvelos
erT nawilSi xalxi stkbebodes politikur da moqalaqeobriv Tavisu­
flebiT, xolo meore nawilSi, baTomsa da mis olqSi moklebuli iyos
yvela amas? visi bralia es? vin dausia aWaras es gamxecebuli rusis
moxeleni, vin aris pasuxismgebeli? ra Tqma unda is, vinc dRes iq ba­
tonobs, vis xelSiac aris saokupacio Zala-ufleba. Tqven iciT baTomi
dRes erTi veeba sawyobia manufaqturisa, sanovagisa, romelic eyofa
mTels kavkasias, xolo iq da olqSi cxovreba autanelia yovel mxriv.
yvela es simdidre spekuliantebis xelSia, romelnic namdvil mevax­

31
SeT da wurbelad moevlinen mcxovrebT. pirdapir gaugonari siZvirea
iq, samjer, oTxjer meti, vinem aq tfilisSi. vin aris amis pasuxismgebe­
li? igive saokupacio Zala, Tavis-Tavad cxadia.
Tqven iciT, moqalaqeno, SarSan agvistos aWara-qobuleTis mejlis­
ma mTeli olqis warmomadgenlobam, sajarod moiTxova deda-saqarT­
velosTan gaerTianeba da Sesaferi deklaracia gadasca mokavSireTa
misiebs, TviT parizis konferencias gaugzavna igi, gadasca Cvens mTav­
robas. maSasadame, mcxovrebTa nebisyofa Tanaxmad TviT-gamorkvevis
principisa, yvelasaTvis aSkara iyo. miaqcia Tu ara amas yuradReba sa­
okupacio mmarTvelobam? ara. piriqiT, misi agentebi rusis moxeleni
daZrwian provinciaSi, rom xalxi daaSinon, moatyuon da am gziT aamx­
edron is Cvens, misi Zmebis winaaRmdeg.
isini damarcxden baTomSi, arCevnebSi, rogorc iciT, didi umrav­
lesoba, absoliuturi umravlesoba, qarTvelebma gaiyvanes sabWos
xmosnebad da es maSin, roca iq saqarTvelos Zala, misi mTavroba ar
moqmedebda, roca TavaSvebulad muSaobden misi mtrebi: denikinele­
bi, bolSevikebi da vin icis kidev vin, roca adgilobrivi demokratia
autanel siZviris gamo jer isev naxevrad iq ar cxovrobs da gadmox­
vewilia aqeT, Cvens teritoriaze. sabWo arCeulia 29 Tebervlidan,
magram ar iwveven dRemde. ratom, ra mizeziT?! imitom, rom is aris
mtkice momxre baTomis da olqis saqarTvelosTan SemoerTebisa.
axla epirebian aRweris moxdenas baTumSi, sadac auarebeli
ltolvilebia ruseTidan, trapezunidan, – ara qarTvelni. undaT isin­
ic Seitanon siaSi im ganzraxviT, rom aCvenos qveyanas TiTqo qarTvele­
bi umciresobas Seadgenen baTomSi! gana es samarTalia? gana qarTvele­
bi mudam ar iyvnen umravlesobaSi baTomis sabWoSi kidev im droidan,
roca iq pirvelad SemoiRes TviTmmarTveloba, e. i. me-80 wlebidan?
visa surT auxvion Tvali? vis unda daumtkicon, TiTqo baTomi saqar­
Tvelos qalaqi araa, es icoda carizmma, ar icis mxolod did britane­
Tis generlobam!
amasac rom ar sjerdebian! qalaqis sabWos ar iwveven, xolo pro­
vinciisTvis fiqroben parlamentis mowvevas, „aWaristanis“ parla­
mentis. rogor iwveven mas? aris Tu ara sayovelTao arCevnebi; ara,
ra Tqma unda. soflis yrilobebze, an kidev sruliad daukiTxavad
soflisa, acxadeben ama Tu im pirs, maTi yma da erTguls amorCeulad!
ase sCadioden osmaloni, roca iq „plebiscits“ axdenden. sasircxoa,
damamcirebeli mokavSireTa prestiJisaTvis aseTi saSvalebani. jer
erTi sanam saokupacio mmarTveloba ganukiTxavi baton-patronia
mTeli olqis, misgan mowveuli „parlamenti“ mxolod saTamaSo bur­
Ti iqneba mis xelSi; meorec, ratom ar iwveven mejliss, Tu marTla
xalxis survili unda gaigon? gana ar ician, rom mejlisi Sesdga
kidev maSin, roca olqSi erTi qarTveli jaris-kaci ar WaWanebda?
gana ar ician, rom baTomis olqidan Camocileba niSnavs sxeulisagan
Tavis mocilebas? gana maTgan mogonili „damoukidebeli aWaristani“

32
Seurigdeba baTumis CamoWras, mis saerTaSoriso kontrolis qveS
dayenebas?
Tqven iciT, moqalaqeno, rom baTumis olqSi irazmebian Cetnike­
bi, isini Semodian lazistanidan da dids safrTxes umzadeben respub­
likas. vin razmavs am Cetnikebs, vin awarmoebs olqSi osmaleTis na­
cionalistebis politikas, vin hqmnis autanel anarqias? me vkiTxulob
amas da miugeb sruliad gadaWriT: pasuxismgebeli isini arian, visac
mindobili aqvs olqis movla. Cven ar SegviZlia moviTminoT areuloba
olqSi, ar SegviZlia xelmeoreT CavagdoT baTomi saSiSar mdgomareo­
baSi, romelsac eltvian erzerumis faSebi da rusis bolSevikebi.
me vsvam erT kardinalur kiTxvas: vin atarebs londonis politi­
kas – tfilisSi myofi umaRlesi komisari, Tu baTomSi myofi samxedro
Zala? saWiroa miviRoT gadaWrili pasuxi am kiTxvaze. Cven ki vityviT
sajaroT: is, rac xdeba baTomSi da olqSi, ewinaaRmdegeba inglisis
interesebs. maSin, rodesac Cven vdgevarT CrdiloeTis xifaTis win,
roca bolSevikebi da pan-islamistebi lamoben mTeli amier-kavkasi­
is walekvas, aziasa da evropis mTavar gza da xidis Caketvas, baTomis
samxedro Zalis politika pirdapir Zirs uTxris Cven damoukideblo­
bas da Tavisuflebas. Cven ar SegviZlia mtkiced davicvaT Cveni saz­
Rvrebi CrdiloeTiT, metismetad gagviWirdeba es, roca zurgs ukan
baTomSi da olqSi Cveni Zmebi aseT Seviwroebas ganicdian, roca iq
mzaddeba anarqia bolSevikebis da Cetnikebis gaerTianebuli Zalebi­
sa. nu Tu cxadi araa CvenTvis, rom es politika ar aris da ar unda iyos
londonis politika?! es iqneboda uaryofa TviT inglisis saarsebo
interesebisa.
Cven gvwams, rom inglisi da misi mokavSireni mxars uWeren Cvens
damoukideblobas, maT icvnes igi kidec, maSasadame, is, rac amas ewi­
naaRmdegeba, rac asustebs Cveni Tavdacvis Zalas, aris imave dros
saxifaTo ara marto CvenTvis, aramed yvela imaTTvis, visac surs am­
ier-kavkasia darCes xeluxlebeli, ar iqnes am gziT gadasrolili
anarqiis talRebi ruseTidan aziaSi.
amitom Cven ver gaviziarebT SemkiTxvelis azrs, TiTqo mokav­
Sireebis, gansakuTrebiT didi britaneTis sagareo politikas swored
gamoxatavdes baTomis saokupacio Zala. Cven vfiqrobT da gvjera sul
winaaRmdegi. moqalaqeno, dipolomatia kargi saqme aris, politikac
kargi saqmea, magram yvelas eWivreba xerxemali. Ziri da safuZveli
unda hqondes mas mtkice.
da Semdeg, moqalaqeno, aqve unda vTqva, rom Cveni obieqturi mdgo­
mareobac iseTia, rom baTomi Cveni unda iyves, yofila warsulSi da
iqneba momavalSi. da TviT mokavSireTa, da gansakuTrebiT inglisis
interesebi moiTxovs, rom baTomi Cvens xelSi iyves.
me SemiZlia kidev erTi davZino, moqalaqeno. im gadawyvetile­
baSi, romelic me ar vfiqrob iqnes saboloo, is aris droebiTi, yo­
vel SemTxvevaSi Cven gavxdiT mas droebiTad, – iq aris naTqvami, rom

33
baTomi iqneba xalxTa ligis kontrolis qveSo. Cven, moqalaqeno, aq
vizeimeT damoukideblobis cnoba 14 ianvars, maSin aq mTavrobis Tav­
mjdomarem saqveynod ganacxada, rom Cven SevdivarT xalxTa ligaSi,
rogorc sworuflebiani wevri, magram ara kantrolis qveS, vinaidan
Cven sakantrolo araferi gvaqvs. Cven SegviZlia dResac es gavim­
eoroT baTomis Sesaxeb. mas sakantrolo araferi aqvs. Cven amisaTvis
ar gvibrZolia, es ar iyo Cveni mizani. es mizani iyo sruli Tavisu­
fleba Cveni saxelmwifosi, Cveni mizani iyo saqarTvelos gaerTiane­
ba. Cveni mizani iyo baTomiT sargebloba ise, rogorc es CvenTvis saW­
iro iyo – evropasTan dasaaxloveblad. maSasadame, Cveni mizani iyo
baTomi yofiliyo kari aziasa da evropas Soris. es iyo mizani da vem­
saxurebodiT mas.
me vityvi, rom Cven ar dagviviwynia Zveli anderZi, romelic am­
bobs: saqarTvelom ar unda dakargos ardanuW-artaanis xazi, Tu ar
unda Tavis mTlianobis dakargva. Cven gvaxsovs meore anderZi, rome­
lic daiwera baTomSi. es aris is, rom Cven Cvens momavals ukavSirebT
demokratias, ukavSirebT progress, winsvlas. am or anderZSi savse­
biT gamoxatulia da gadajaWvuli Cveni warsuli, awmyo da momavali.
amis damadasturebelia mozRvavebuli xalxi garedan da mravali de­
peSebi Cveni moZme mahmadianebisagan baTomidan. Cven sruli imedi gva­
qvs damfuZnebeli kreba da mTavroba TavianT movaleobas Rirseulad
Seasruleben da es imitom, rom Cven winaprebis Rirseuli Svilni varT
(xangrZlivi taSi).
Tavmjdomare. Semosulia b-bo Semdegi winadadeba s.-d. biuro­
sagan: „akaki Cxenkelis sityvis Semdeg sxdoma Seswydes da sxdomis
gagrZeleba dainiSnos saRamos 7 saaTze“. vin aris winaaRmdegi am wina­
dadebisa? aravin. miRebulia. sxdomis gagrZeleba daniSnulia saRa­
mos 7 saaTze. exla krebas vxurav.
sxdoma ixureba naSuadRevis 3 s. da 40 w.

saRamos sxdoma

(sxdoma iwyeba saRamos 8 saaTze b-n aleqsandre lomTaTiZis Tavm­

jdomareobiT).
Tavmjdomare. sxdoma gaxsnili gaxlavT. grZeldeba kamaTi baTomis
sakiTxis Sesaxeb. sityva ekuTvnis b. l. Sengelaias.
l. Sengelaia. (s.-r.) moqalaqeno, damfuZnebel krebis wevrno! saqa­
rTvelos demokratiis, qarTveli eris mTeli gulis yuri dRes mipyro­
bili aris ori adgilisaken. es adgilebi gaxldaT misi yuradRebis cen­
tri da upirveles zrunvis sagani. or adgilas igrZno qarTvelma erma
saSineli tkivilebi. es adgilebi aris gori da baTomi; yovel ambavs,
yovel cnobebs gulis fancqaliT moelis aqedan mTeli saqarTvelo,
yoveli Cvengani, ulmobelma stiqiam daangria, gaanadgura qarTlis

34
guli da Cveni erovnebisa da kulturis Zveli daraji gori. cbierma
imperializmma tlanqad da uceremoniod daiWira Cveni saxlis karebi,
Cagviketa is fanjara, romlis saSualebiT Cven viyurebodiT evropaSi
sinaTlisa da civilizaciisaken. mTeli saqarTvelos demokratia erT­
sulovnad gamoexmaura da gaiziara qarTlis tragedia. es aris sruli
garantia imisa, rom Cvens ers TviT stiqia verafers daaklebs, rom Cven
TviT stiqionis Jinsac gaumklavdebiT! aseve erTsulovani unda iqnes
saqarTvelos demokratia baTomis sakiTxSic. Cven gvwams, is miiRebs
yovel zomas, gadalaxavs yovelgvar dabrkolebas, raTa baTomis da
misi olqis sakiTxi gadawydes ise, rogorc amas moiTxovs saqarTvelos
demokratiisa da baTomis mcxovrebTa sasicocxlo interesebi. yove­
li mosazrebiT, yoveli TvalsazrisiT erovnulis, ekonomiuris, kul­
turulis da strategiulis baTomi ekuTvnis saqarTvelos, vinaidan
igi aris TviT saqarTvelo. Tu baTomi aris ukanaskneli punqti baqos
navTis milisa, is aris pirveli punqti im ekonomiuri, kulturuli da
politikuri milisa, romelic saqarTvelos evropasTan aerTebs. Tu
baTomi aris saWiro amierkavkasiis erebisaTvis, igi aucilebelia da
yovelTvis iqneba aseTi saqarTvelosTvis. Tavisufali baTomi gareSe
Tavisufali saqarTvelosi – yovelTvis iqneba umagaliTo erovnuli
damcireba da sruli ekonomiuri dabeCaveba qarTveli erisa, Cveni re­
spublikisa. grZnobs ra yovelive amas socialist-revoliucionerTa
fraqcia mTeli Tavisi arsebiT mxars dauWers yovel im zomebs, rome­
lic xels Seuwyobs baTomisa da misi olqis deda sxeulTan – saqarTve­
losTan SemoerTebas. unda mogaxsenoT agreTve, rom Cven ar SegviZlia
gaviziaroT is politika, romelsac mTavroba awarmoebs dRemde ba­
Tumis sakiTxSi, Cven ver vikisrebT pasuxismgeblobas im mdgomareo­
bisaTvis, romelic Seqmnilia yvela sazRvrebze. batonebo, am mokle
xanSi damfuZnebelma krebam daamtkica sagare-saqmeTa saministros
Statebi. gaRebul iqna ara erTi milioni sagareo saqmeebis mosagvare­
blad. sagareo-saqmeTa ministri Cven gvarwmunebda, rom saqme kargad
aris, yvelaferi kargad midis. Cven yovelive es davijereT da sagareo
saqmeebis Sesaxeb Cven krintic ar dagviZravs. magram dRes, rodesac
wydeba samuslimano saqarTvelos bedi, ar SegviZlia ar aRvniSnoT,
rom mTeli is politika, romelsac awarmoebda sagareo-saqmeTa samin­
istro, sruliad unayofo da uvargisi gamodga. ra aklda mTavrobas
baTumis sakiTxis mosagvareblad? gana mTavrobas aklda TanagrZnoba
erisa am sakiTxSi? ra Tqma unda, ara. Cveni eri mudam mzaT iyo udidesi
msxverpli gaeRo baTumis dabrunebisaTvis. iqneba Tanxa aklda? arc
es aris marTali, vinaidan damfuZnebelma krebam gaiRo aramc Tu min­
imumi, aramed maqsimumi, aTjer meti vidre saWiro iyo. an iqneba Cvens
jarsa da gvardias ar surdes brZola baTumisaTvis? magram amis Tqma
xom udidesi cilis-wameba iqneboda?!
maS, rogor moxda, rom baTomis sakiTxSi aseTi saSineli damarcxe­
ba ganvicadeT? rogor moxda, rom yarsi, romelic iseTsave pirobebSi

35
iyo, somxeTis xelSi gadavida, xolo baTomi ki Tavisufal portad ga­
mocxadda?! batonebo! Cveni sagareo politika iyo politika alal-be­
disa, politika bednier SemTxvevisa. masSi ar yofila raime garkveu­
li xazi. TviT Cveni respublikis aRiareba de facto moxda winaaRmdeg
Cveni mmarTveli wreebis molodinisa. amaSi Tqven darwmundebiT, Tu
gaixsenebT mTavrobis Tavmjdomaris ukanasknel moxsenebas. aseTive
istoria ewvia baTomis sakiTxsac. baToms hyavs mravali pretendenti,
baTomi gadaiqca im asparezad, sadac Tavs iyrian yovelgvari avanti­
uristuli jgufebi da awarmoeben agitacias Cveni respublikis wi­
naaRmdeg. aseT pirobebSi Cveni moZraoba baTomis dasacavad iqneba
mimarTuli eoipso osmaleTis, denikinelebis, bolSevikebis da antan­
tis winaaRmdeg. upirvelesi sakiTxi, romelic unda davsvaT, Tu Cven
vgrZnobT pasuxismgeblobas, aris Semdegi: vin aris Cveni mokavSire?!
mwuxarebiT unda avRniSno, rom am mxriv Cveni mdgomareoba traRiku­
li, unugeSoa. rogorc am erTi wlis winad brZolis velze davrCiT
martoni, ise exlac Cven ara gvyavs arc erTi mokavSire. ai, Sedegi Cve­
ni brZnuli sagareo politikisa!..
inglisis politika cnobilia. is iyo yovelTvis intrigebis, is iyo
cbierebis, erebis erTi-meoreze wasisianebis politika. magram ubed­
ureba imaSia, rom am albionis cbier politikas Cvenma mTavrobam ver
daupirdapira axali politika demokratiisa, politika gabeduli da
pirdapiri, amier-kavkasiis erTa SeTanxmeba da solidaruli gamosv­
la. pirveli saxelmwifo, romelmac TiTqos Zmuri xeli gamogviwoda
iyo azerbeijani, romelTanac xelSekruleba damfuZnebelma krebam
daadastura. da Cven mas salami uZRveniT. magram es mokavSire aramc
Tu ar aris Cveni momxre, is Cvens winaaRmdegi aris. Tqven iciT, ad­
erbeijanis mTavrobis oficiozSi gazeT „azerbeijanSi“ gamoTqmuli
azri baTomis Sesaxeb. iq gatarebuli iyo is azri, romelic Zirianad
ewinaaRmdegeba Cvens interesebs. gazeTi icavs im pozicias, rom
baTomi unda darCes neitralur qalaqad. soc.-demokratiulma pres­
am gamosTqva imedi, rom es ar iqneboda aderbeijanis mTavrobis azri,
magram menSevikebis prognozi, rogorc yovelTvis, uniadago da usa­
fuZvlo gamodga. Cven viciT, rom xan-xoelma sityva-sityviT gaimeora,
rac ewera gazeT „azerbeijanSi»“da daumata, rom mas aqvs erTnairi
garantiebi imisi, rom baTomis sakiTxi gadawydeba ise, rom moxdeba
misi neitralizaciao. Cven vxedavT, rom mas marTlac hqonia aseTi ga­
rantiebi da rwmunebani gavleniani wreebisa.
aq iTqva is azri, TiTqos somxeTis politika ar ganirCeodes ad­
erbeijanis politikisagan. es marTali ar aris. somxebi amboben, rom
baTomi da misi olqi unda darCes saqarTvelos xelSi, xolo unda uz­
runvelyofil iqnas Cveni sasicocxlo ekonomiuri interesebio. da me
mgonia, rom es formula misaRebia; is savsebiT sdgas Cveni suvereno­
bis aRiarebis niadagze. miuxedavad amisa Tu dRes somxeTi CvenTan ar
aris, es albad Cveni mTavrobis bralia.

36
 baTomis sakiTxSi Cvens winaaRmdeg ibrZvian denikinelebi da bol­
Sevikebi. maTTvis sul erTia, vis xelSi iqneba baTomi, maTi survil­
ia mxolod, rom baTomi da misi olqi saqarTvelos CamoSordes. ori
mopirdapire mxare gaerTiandnen erTi miznisTvis. maTi mizani am Sem­
TxvevaSi erTia, magram Cveni mTavrobis damokidebuleba maTdami sul
sxva da sxvaa. Cveni mTavroba meore weliwadia cdilobs raime kontraq­
ti daiWiros denikinTan. damfuZnebelma krebam sami milioni maneTi
gadasdo delegaciis gasagzavnad denikinTan. mTavrobas swamda, rom
denikini gaimarjvebda da is iqneboda baton-patroni ruseTSi, rom is
icnobda Cvens damoukideblobas, magram istoriis Carxi motrialda
da Tqven iciT, rom denikini ganadgurebulia da qud-moglejili gar­
bis. miuxedavad amisa Cveni mTavroba dResac awarmoebs molaparakebas
denikinTan, iRebs mis delegatebs. es maSin, rodesac arc ki icis kacma
arian eseni marTla delegatebi, Tu ubralo „beJencebi“. sul sxvanai­
ri aris damokidebuleba bolSevikebTan. bolSevikebi SeiZleba Tqven
gZuldeT WiriviT, magram unda gvaxsovdes, rom bolSevikuri ruseTi
aris saxelmwifo da amitom valdebuli xarT ase Tu ise garkveuli
damokidebuleba gqondesT masTan, ase Tu ise kontaqti daiWiroT mas­
Tan. Cveni mTavroba arc ki cdila raime SeTanxmeba kavSiri daeWira
bolSevikur ruseTTan, maSin, rodesac, TviT antanta cdilobs mo­
laparakeba awarmovos bolSevikebTan (xmauroba). me ar vici, yovel
SemTxvevaSi, Tu osmaleTis reaqcionerebma gamonaxes bolSevikebTan
saerTo ena, nu Tu Cvenma socialisturma da demokratiulma mTavrobam
veraferi gaawyo?! (adgilidan: suli suls icnobs!) maS, rogor moxda,
rom Tqven saerTo salaparako ena gamonaxeT antantis saxelmwifosTan,
aqac albaT suli suls icnobs?! aseTi gamourkveveli da orWofuli
aris mTavrobis politika sxva sazRvrebzedac, aseTive mdgomareoba
aris daRestanSi, soWaSi... marTalia aq Cven saqme gvaqvs „mwvane jar­
Ta“-n, magram me minda vicode: aqvs Tu ara mTavrobas garantia imisa,
rom es mwvane jari ar gawiTldeba, ra Tqma unda ara sircxvilisagan,
da maSin rogor fiqrobs mTavroba, ufro advili Tu ufro Zneli iqne­
ba bolSevikebTan saerTo enis gamonaxva? erTi sityviT Cveni mdgo­
mareoba metad seriozulia. saWiroa garkveuli politika, gabeduli
nabijebi, raTa axali pretendentebi ar gauCndes baToms da mis olqs.
baTomis sakiTxSi mTavrobam dauSva didi Secdomebi, magram qarTveli
eri am Secdomebs gamoasworebs. Cvenma mTavrobam baTomi dahkarga, ma­
gram Cven gvwams, qarTveli eri mas isev daibrunebs!
geronti qiqoZe. batonebo! iseTi sakiTxi, rogoricaa baTomis
sakiTxi, ar swydeba parlamentis tribunaze. ar vityvi, rom es
sakiTxi usaTuod sisxliT unda gadawydes, magram es ekuTvnis sakiTx­
ebis iseT kategorias, romelnic iaraRiT wydeba. ara Tu parlamen­
tis tribunaze, es sakiTxi ver gadawyda TviT parizis konferenci­
aze. aseT sakiTxebis gadaWraSi naTlad gamoCnda sisuste parizis
konferenciisa, rogorc amas winaswarmetyvelobden socialistebi.

37
saerTaSoriso konferenciam ver gadaswyvita verc fiumes, verc ze­
mo-sileziis da ungreTis, verc osmaleTis da ruseTis da verc sxva
mravali sakiTxebi, romelic wamoyenebuli iyo mis mier. arsebiTad
es sakiTxebi gadadebul iqna ise, rogorc baTomis problema da es
asec unda momxdariyo, vinaidan yovlad SeuZlebelia, rom Tu 4 kacma
gadaswyvita msoflio problemebi, gansakuTrebiT dRes, saerTaSo­
riso revoliuciis dros, roca omma gamoiwvia stiqionuri Zale­
bi, romelnic erTi-meores ejaxebian, baTomis olqSi Tavi iCina in­
teresTa mZafrma winaaRmdegobam. me ar SevaCereb Tqven yuradRebas
imaze, rom baTomi CvenTvis saWiroa. baTomi aucileblad saWiroa
CvenTvis strategiulad, radganac is bunebrivi sazRvaria, Colo­
qi ar aris iseTi sazRvari. baTomi saWiroa ekonomiurad, rogorc
kari da porti dasavleTisaken wasasvleli. saWiroa imperializmis­
aTvisac, rogorc yeli, romelic saSualebas aZlevs gavlena iqonios
kavkasiaze da Semdeg daiWiros is gza, romelic midis Savi zRvidan
kaspiis zRvam­de – Sua aziaSi. aq, rogorc yovelTvis, gadamwyveti
mniSvneloba aqvs ara intrigebs, aramed im ZiriTad interesebs, ten­
denciebs, romelic mraval politikur sakiTxebs sazRvravs. baTomi
saWiroa evropis imperialistebisaTvis, radganac iqidan maT Seu­
ZliaT gaitanon TavisTvis saWiro nedli masala da Semoitanon Tav­
isi nawarmoebi. meores mxriv baTomi maTTvis saWiroa, rogorc samx­
edro baza, gansakuTrebiT dRes, rodesac bolSevizmi did safrTxes
warmoadgens dasavleT evropisaTvis; saWiroa, rom es baza, barieri
maT xelSi iyos. aqedan cxadia, rom antantasa da saqarTvelos Soris
interesTa ZiriTadi winaaRmdegoba arsebobs.
magram amas garda aris kidev meore mniSvnelovani momenti: qar­
Tveli xalxi saxelmwifos sul sxva safuZvelze aSenebs, vidre dasav­
leT evropis demokratiam aaSena. amiT aixsneba is undobloba, ro­
melsac isini iCenen saqarTvelos demokratiisadmi. es undobloba
aixsneba ara imiTi, rom Cven uniWoni viyoT saxelmwifos Senebis saqmeSi.
piriqiT, isini darwmunebulni arian, rom Cven gvaqvs niWi saxelmwifos
Senebisa da revoliucionur Semoqmedebisa. es mZafri winaaRmdegoba
romelic gamodis ideur winaswar mosazrebidan, gadadis politikur
SemoqmedebaSi. es undobloba, romelzedac me vlaparakob, batonebo,
maT gamoiCines ara marto am sakiTxSi, Cveni damoukideblobis cnobis
sakiTxSiac. miuxedavad Cveni energiuli moTxovnisa, maT daagvianes
Cveni damoukideblobis cnoba. dasavleT evropis saxelmwifoebma mxo­
lod mas Semdeg gvicnes, roca bolSevikebma aiRes rostovi. amiT me
minda vsTqva, rom ruseTis revoliuciam mogvca erovnuli Tavisufle­
ba da misi aRiareba. (gvazava: omma mogvca es!) SeiZleba omTanac iyo
dakavSirebuli.
me darwmunebuli var, rom sazogado msvleloba revoliuciisa
TandaTanobiT loRikur msvlelobaSi da ganviTarebaSi dagviax­
lovebs imas, rac Cven droebiT davkargeT. magram meore mxriT, ev­

38
ropis mxriT aris erTgvari ueWveli undobloba saqarTvelos saxel­
mwifoebriv Semoqmedebisadmi da Cvenc, me mgonia, gvaqvs erTgvari
sabuTi undoblad movepyraT maT, romelnic xelmZRvaneloben da
meTauroben sazavo konferencias. msoflio revoliuciis SiSi asaz­
rdoebs maT undoblobas da es SiSi iwvevs maTSi reaqciis gaZliere­
bas. ra xdeba saerTaSoriso asparezze antantis karnaxiT. antantis
STagonebiT bulgariis teritoria daiWira ruminiis jarebma da
moxda gadatrialeba. antantas, yovel SemTxvevaSi, xelis SewyobiT
moxda ungreTSi gadatrialeba da iq dRes batonobs TeTri ter­
ori, romelic ruseTis komunistebis terorze ufro saSinelia. un­
greTSi awarmoeben exla nadirobas ara marto komunistebze, aramed
social-demokratebze da iseT adamianebze, romelTac araviTari
kavSiri ara aqvT revoliuciasTan. awarmoeben nadirobas xalxze:
qalebze, bavSvebze da bolos midian iqamde, rom rogorc saSualo
saukuneebSi, swvaven wignebs, biblioTekebs. me mgonia, rom is kon­
tr-revoliucionuri SeTqmuleba, romelmac Tavi iCina germaniaSi
da romlis mimarT jerjerobiT neitralur pozicias iWers antan­
ta, SeiZleba damTavrdes iseTive samwuxaro tragediiT, rogorc
damTavrda hungreTis revoliucia. me darwmunebuli var, rom an­
tantas mokavSireebs rom gaemarjvaT ruseTSi, Cven davkargavdiT
damoukideblobasac da samoqalaqo uflebebsac, romelic mogvca
ruseTis revoliuciam. (gvazava: omma mogvca da ara revoliuciam!)
me piradad ara maqvs is SiSi ruseTis revoliuciisa da sazogadod
revoliuciisa, romelic damfuZnebel krebis wevrma gvazavam sTqva.
me vici magaliTebi imisa, rom ruseTis revoliucionurma mTavrobam
icno damoukidebloba patara saxelmwifoebisa – estoneTis, latvi­
is, litvis, poloneTisa da sxvebis. me mgonia, rom imedis warkveTa
ar aris arc politikurad sasurveli. Tu Tqven gindaT awarmovoT
molaparakeba imperialistur saxelmwifoebTan, romelTac mxolod
undobloba gamoiCines Cvendami da romelTac daiWires umTavre­
si ekonomiuri da strategiuli punqtebi da erovnul interesebis
TvalsazrisiT Semcdari viqnebiT Tu imav urTierTobas da damok­
idebulebas daviWerT rogorc dRemde gviWiravs evropis imperi­
alisturi saxelmwifoebisadmi. (gvazava: evropam gvicno defaqto!)
gvicno mis Semdeg, rodesac ruseTis bolSevikebma gadmolaxes doni,
maT gvicnes ruseTis revoliuciis SiSiT. me vambob, rom loialoba
gamoviCineT imperialistebisadmi da isini ki beci da gaufrTxilebe­
li nabijebiT ubiZgeben qarTvel xalxs Tavis mowinaaRmdegeTa banaks.
(gvazava: Tqven gamodixarT rogorc bolSeviki?!) me gamovdivar ro­
gorc saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli krebis wevri da iseTive ufleba
maqvs saqarTvelos saxeliT laparakisa, rogorc Tqven. me ase mesmis,
Tqven sxvanairad. Cven gamoviCineT didi loialoba dasavleT evro­
pis saxelmwifoebisadmi da yovel wvrilman sakiTxebSiac maT uwev­
diT angariSs, isini ki gaufrTxilebel nabijebiT Tavis interesebis

39
winaaRmdeg ubiZgeben qarTvel xalxs da mgonia, rom aqedan Sesaferi
daskvna unda gamoviyvanoT.
Tavmjdomare. sityva gareSe-saqmeTa ministrs ekuTvnis.
evg. gegeWkori gareSe-saqmeTa ministri. moqalaqeno! unda mogaxse­
noT, rom sazogadoT yovelnair opozicias pativs vcem, vinaidan Cveni
Rrma rwmeniT cxovrebaSi da miT umetes politikur sferoSi, opozi­
cia aucilebel movlenas warmoadgens da masTan, movlenas progresi­
uls, vinaidan is mowodebuli aris uCvenos momqmed jgufs, mmarTvel
aparats im Secdomebze, romelTac nebiT Tu uneblieT es mmarTveli
aparati Caidens, da Tavis Tavad cxadia, rom Secdomebi, miT umetes
dRevandel Cven politikur viTarebaSi bunebrivi da aucilebelia.
mdgomareoba metad rTulia da didi Tavxedoba iqneboda, Tu ro­
melime Cvengani gabedavda imis Tqmas, rom is ucodvelia. magram am­
ave dros opozicias erTi aucilebeli moTxovnileba unda warudg­
inoT – es obieqtivoba _ miudgomloba. Tu is am moTxovnilebas ver
asrulebs, maSin is, TavisTavad cxadia, pirnaTlad ver emsaxureba Ta­
vis daniSnulebas.
b. Sengelaiam daiwuna Cveni politika. man sTqva, rom Cven poli­
tikaSi ar gvqonda sistema, aRebuli swori xazi da ai, aman ra Sedege­
bi mogvitanao. Tavdapirvelad unda vTqva, rom es Zalian axirebuli
dafaseba aris politikisa, vinaidan politika dafasdeba ara im gar­
Tulebis mixedviT, romelic gvaqvs ama Tu im momentSi, aramed mixed­
viT imisa, Tu riT aris gamowveuli es garTuleba da ramdenaT am gar­
TulebaSi miuZRvis wili mmarTvel wres, mmarTvel partias. Tqven ver
SeqmeniT solidaroba amier-kavkasiis erebis Soriso, gvisayvedurebs
damfuZnebeli krebis pativcemuli wevri b. Sengelaia, magram mas daavi­
wyda, rom swored am mxriv iyo mimarTuli Cveni politika. TviT b. Sen­
gelaiam aRiara, – rom is xelSekruleba, romelic iyo dadebuli Cvens
Soris, me vlaparakob adebeijanis da saqarTvelos Soris dadebul xe­
lSekrulebis Sesaxeb, sagulisxmo aqtia, – rom misma fraqciam es aRniS­
na da miesalma mas. maSasadame, Cven mivaRwieT imas, rom xelSekruleba
davdeviT mezobel respublikasTan da Tu es xelSekruleba ama Tu im
mizezis gamo ar tardeba cxovrebaSi da amas ar atarebs ara saqarTve­
los mTavroba, aramed misi kontr-agenti; neba miboZeT, damfuZnebel
krebis wevro pativcemulo b. Sengelaia, mogaxsenoT, rom amaSi brali
saqarTvelos mTavrobas ar miuZRvis. da Tu SeTanxmebas mivaRwevT, gana
es Cveni politikis Sedegi ar aris? gana es did Rirebulebas ar war­
moadgens? Tqven ityviT, rom es faratina qaRaldia, es cxovrebaSi ar
gatardeba. me Tqven gekiTxebiT: Tu Cveni kontr-agentebi ar asruleben
am xelSekrulebas, Tqven saqarTvelos mTavrobas unda dasdoT brali?
aseTi meTodi kritikisa aris, Cemis azri, Sedegi im fsiqologiuri
gacndisa, romelSiac, me nebas mivcem Cem Tavs ase vsTqva, imyofeba eser­
ebis fraqcia. me Tvalyurs vadevneb maT presas, iq xSirad vkiTxulobT,
rom saqarTvelos mTavroba uilajo, ususuri da uniadagoa da kidev

40
vin icis ufro uares sweren saqarTvelos mTavrobaze. magram rode­
sac imave dros, im tribunaze gamodian da winaaRmdegs laparakoben,
rom ara marto saqarTveloSi, aramed rac ki xdeba mTel samyaroSi
yvela amis mizezi gaxlavT saqarTvelos mTavroba, warmoidgineT, mo­
qalaqeno, rom Tu baTomis olqi ise ar gadawyda, rogorc yarsisa, am
SemTxvevaSiac brali yofila saqarTvelos mTavrobisa. (gr. veSapeli:
cota brali ki miuZRvis!) imperialistebis sastik mters b. Sengelaias
daaviwyda is, rom am SemTxvevaSi swored imperialisturi tendencia
gamoaSkaravda, rodesac gadasWra am or kuTxes bedi. daaviwyda is, rom
erTi interesi hqondaT imperialistebs yarsSi da meore, rogorc aq
ilaparaka meore Cemze win molaparake oratorma, interesi hqondaT
baTomSi, romelic Seadgens misTvis kars. da marTlac Tu patara saqa­
rTvelos mTavroba, misi patara Zal-RoniT ver SeebrZola am bumber­
az stiqias da Zalas, Tu amaSi brals sdebs saqarTvelos mTavrobas,
maSin, b. leo Sengelaia, didi warmodgenisa saqarTvelos mTavrobaze
ara vyofilvar da arca var. magram b. leo Sengelaias, romelic Cven
politikas gviwunebs da ver bedavs veraviTars SorsmWvretelobas
Cvens politikaSi, SevamCnie didi gulubryviloba. warmoidgineT, rom
man dainaxa didi sxva da sxvaoba somxeTsa da aderbeijanis politikis
Soris baTomis sakiTSi. (Sengelaia: pressa?) ai, batono Sengelaia, Tu
TqvenTvis realur Rirebulebas warmoadgens is, rac iwereba presa­
Si, Tqven cdebiT. marTali sTqva pativcemulma akaki Cxenkelma, mxo­
loT maSin davafasebT Cven somxeTis presis pozicias da maSin iqneba
es pozicia gulwrfeli, rodesac imas, rasac daswers „aSxataori“,
an „araCi“ amas somxeTis mTavroba gaatarebs cxovrebaSio... da amiT
ixelmZRvanelebs somxeTis mTavrobis delegacia parizSi. me ki unda
ganvacxado Tqvens winaSe, rom me rogorc sagareo politikis pasuxis
mgebeli, aseTs imeds ver gamovsTqvam da amisTana ndobas maT presas ver
gamoucxadeb. mxolod amiT me, rasakvirvelia, ver vixelmZRvaneleb da
rodesac Tqven iqnebiT sagareo ministri, Tqven maSin SegiZlianT amiT
ixelmZRvaneloT (xmauroba).
ras gvikarnaxebs batoni Sengelaia samoqmedod? Cven unda aRvniS­
noT, rom mTeli misi kritika iyo uaryofiTi kritika. me mgonia, rom
aseT dros, aseT momentSi yovlad SeuZlebelia aseTi iaraRiT ga­
mosvla am tribunaze, vinaidan Tqven agreTve unda aRniSnoT, Tu ra
dadebiTi mxares unda davdgeT Cven. erTad-erTi, rac man gviTxra, es
bolSevikebTan molaparakebaa. me vici, moqalaqeno, rom batoni leo
Sengelaia, garda imisa, rom damfuZnebeli krebis wevria, is cnobili
publicistia da es mas Semdegs avalebs: man unda icodes, rom Cven ram­
denime nota gaugzavneT bolSevikebs da aSkarad gamovsTqviT survi­
li bolSevikebTan sazavo molaparakebisa. Cven mimarTvaSi sabWoTa
ruseTisadmi b-n Sengelaias SeeZlo naTlad daenaxa, rom swored Cven
viyaviT mosurneni da gvindoda suliT da guliT, rom bolSevikebTan
molaparakeba dagvewyo da saerTo ena gamogvenaxa.

41
 erTad-erTi moTxovna – es aris Cveni damoukideblobis cnoba da
Cvens Sinaur saqmeebSi ar Careva. am niadagze Cven mzada varT molapa­
rakeba vawarmovoT, magram bolSevikebs amis survili ar gamouTqvamT
da mTeli maTi momarTva, rogorc xedavT, warmoadgens lanZRva-ginebis
polemikas. es ar Seefereba arc Cvens da arc ruseTis xalxis inter­
esebs. b-nma Sengelaiam daamTavra imiT, rom saqarTvelos mTavrobam
dakarga baTomi da qarTveli xalxi mas daibrunebso. me unda mogaxse­
noT, rom es ukanaskneli fraza arafers ar niSnavs, rom es saqmis vi­
Tarebas ar Seefereba. unda mogaxsenoT, rom baTomi jer aravis ar
daukargavs da baToms saqarTvelo arc dakargavs (taSi). da Tu es ar
gwamT, batono Sengelaiav, Tqven daTvur samsaxurs uwevT im saxelm­
wifos da im ers, romelsac Tqven ekuTvniT. me aq ganvacxade, rom Cven
baTomis olqSi dRes warmovadgenT realur faqtors. me aq ganvacxa­
de, rom mTeli baTomis olqi moiTxovs saqarTvelosTan SeerTebas. ba­
tonebo, gana es niSnavs baTomis dakargvas?
marTalia, Cven, dids pativs vcemT da didis ndobiT vepyrobiT
umaRles sabWos, magram yovel SemTxvevaSi, rogorc me dRes aqa vsTqvi,
mxolod erTs aqvs am sakiTxSi gadamwyveti mniSvneloba CvenTvis, Tu
rogori da ra damokidebuleba aris baTomis mkvidrTa saqarTve­
losadmi. baTomis qalaqis arCevnebi, mejlisi, yvela is damanugeSebe­
li cnobebi, romelic iqidan mogvdis, ai yvela es gadaswyvets baTomis
beds da me iWvic ar Semdis imaSi, rom gadaswyvets saqarTvelos sa­
sargeblod. marTalia, baTomi davkargeT droebiT ori wlis winad,
rodesac saqarTvelo ibrZoda da ara erTi ori saukeTeso Svili Ses­
wira am gabedul brZolaSi, magram icis b. Sengelaiam, rom am Savbnel
dros iyo erTi partia, romelic uSlida qarTvel xalxs brZolaSi da
rodesac mobilizacia iyo gamocxadebuli, swored Tqveni partia mo­
bilizaciis winaaRmdeg wavida da amiT xeli SeuSala baTomis SenarCu­
nebas (Sengelaia: tyuilia!).
me aras dros Tavs ar mivcem uflebas da am tribunas ise ar da­
vamcireb, rom vsTqva tyuili. swored maSin, rodesac me samxedro min­
istrad gaxldiT, – me moviyvan magaliTs: – quTaisSi momixda wasvla
swored mobilizaciis gamo da Tqven amxanagTan ivane gobeCiasTan, ro­
melic samwuxarod aq ara brZandeba, amis Sesaxeb Setakebac ki momixda
(Sengelaia: maSin mobilizacia ar iyo gamocxadebuli, msjelobis pro­
cesSi iyo!) swored msjelobisaTvis mTeli sami Tve dagvWirda, vidre
mobilizaciis proeqts miiRebda egreT-wodebuli „kraevoi centri“,
maSin winaaRmdegi iyven Tqveni amxanagebi da unda mogaxsenoT, rom Tu
baTomis droebiT dakargvas vinmem xeli Seuwyo, es aris swored is
partia, romlis warmomadgeneli b. Sengelaia brZandeba.
Tavmjdomare. sityva b. gvazavas ekuTvnis.
giorgi gvazava. (n.-d.) batonebo, saqarTvelom dakarga baTomio,
naTqvami iyo aq. (Segelaia: mTavrobam dakarga!). es sruliad Semcdari
azria. baTomi dakarguli ar aris, baTomi ar daukargavs arc mTavro­

42
bas, arc saqarTvelos. am sakiTxis garSemo aris mRelvareba da mgonia,
rom ara gvaqvs sabuTi, rom didi mRelvareba iyos imitom rom sakiTxi
Seexeba baToms, romelic aris TvalsaCino nawili saqarTvelosi, mas­
Tan organiulad dakavSirebuli da ganuyreli. bevrs hgonia, rom
baTomi da baTomis olqi saqarTvelos CamosWres. da, rasakvirvelia,
es iwvevs tkivilebs da mwuxarebas. amiT es movlena, es movaleoba
sasixarulo movlena aris, magram is gataceba, romelic dRes gamoiCi­
na xalxma, me mgonia, CvenTvis xelsayreli ar aris.
batonebo, Cven win sdgas sakiTxi baTomisa, sakiTxi sazogadoe­
brivi, sakiTxi erovnuli, Tumca baTomi erTi kuTxea saqarTvelosi,
magram baTomis sakiTxi aris sakiTxi mTeli saqarTvelosi, rogorc
Tavisufal saxelmwifosi, da amasTanave mTeli evropisa, jer sCans,
es sakiTxi mTlianaT Camoyalibebuli ar aris. Tqven kargaT iciT,
rom msoflio omi daiwyo sul sxva stimuliT, magram is damTavrda
revoliuciiT, mere daiwyo revoliucia. magram is idea, romelic mi­
uZRoda omsa da revoliucias, ganze darCa da bolos Camoyalibda
erovnuli idea. Tqven isic mogexsenebaT, rom yvela erma aafriala
wiTeli droSa da yoveli eri yviroda: „proletarebo yvela qveyni­
sa SeerTdiTo“. magram exla yvela es proletarebi icaven TavianT
saxelmwifoebs. es imas niSnavs, rom aris istoria da istoriuli pro­
cesi midis im gziT, romelic ar ascdeba saqarTvelosac. miuxedavad
imisa, rom zogierTi Cveni partiuli mimarTulebani, SeiZleba zogi­
erTi moRvawenic winaaRmdegni iyvnen saqarTvelos Tavisuflebisa,
magram droeba gamoicvala, da gamoicvala azrebi da Sexedulebani am
sakiTxis Sesaxeb. evropis bevri eri exla Tavisufali saxelmwifoebi
arian da is principi, romelzedac amyarebs saerTaSoriso uflebebi,
eWvi ar aris, aqac damyardeba da uzrunvelyofili iqneba aq, saqarT­
veloSi. ra moxda iseTi baTomis Sesaxeb, ramac unda gamoiwvios gan­
sakuTrebuli mdgomareoba. me aseT Secdomas da amgvar rames ar vxe­
dav. marTalia, ukanaskneli cnobebiT viciT, rom baTomi umaRlesma
sabWom gamoacxada porto-frankoT da mokavSireebis mfarvelobis
qveS unda iyos, magram aseTi dadgenileba sruliad ar niSnavs, rom
baTomi unda CamoerTvas saqarTvelos, Cven kargad viciT, ra aris
porto-franko. es mudmivi arasodes ar yofila. es aris droebiTi
movlena. amas sxvaTa Soris, iwereba b-ni gr. rcxilaZe; aseTive iyo
cnoba gazeTebisa. maSasadame, es movlena droebiTia, amitom baTomis
sakiTxi arsad gadawyvetili ar aris da unda gadawydes, rogorc
amas moiTxovs samarTlianoba da msoflio interesi. da Tu baTomi
porto-frankod gamocxaddeba, maSin es sakiTxi gadaecema erTa li­
gas. ra aris erTa liga? sazogadoT es aris ukanaskneli daskvna im
mimarTulebisa, romelic miiRo msoflio ambebma am bolo dros. – es
aris idea TviTgamorkvevisa da im ideam, rom unda iqnes daarsebuli
xalxTa liga da is unda awesrigebdes erTa Soris damokidebulebas,
– miiRo am bolo dros uflebrivi xasiaTi. maSasadame umTavresi dan­

43
iSnuleba erTa ligisa aris samarTali da mSvidobianoba. Tu es asea,
eWvi ar aris, rom baTomi da baTomis olqi da mTeli samuslimano
saqarTvelo unda iyos saqarTvelosTan. Tqven iciT ra aris samarTa­
li? samuslimano saqarTvelo iyo qarTvelebisa. es iyo pirveli kul­
turis sxivi saqarTvelosi. mxolod meCvidmete saukuneSi osmaleTma
daipyro es mxare, mxolod meCvidmete saukuneSi gawyda es kavSiri,
da is CamoSorda danarCen saqarTvelos. Seiqmna iseTi saerTaSoriso
mdgomareoba, rom saqarTvelo welSi unda gazneqiliyo. Semdeg saqa­
rTvelo SeuerTda ruseTs da dasdo masTan cnobili xelSekruleba
da piroba. Cven viciT, rom iq aris muxli, meoTxe muxli, sadac moy­
vanilia rom ruseTi valdebulia saqarTvelosTvis daebrunebina
yvela is nawili, romelic saqarTvelom dakarga: es iyo samuslimano
saqarTvelo. aseTi xelSekruleba iyo dadebuli ruseTTan. Semdeg
ruseTma daipyro baTomis olqi, mere SeTanxmebis ZaliT es qveynebi
unda gaerTianebuli yofiliyo saqarTvelosTan, magram ruseTi Tav­
is movaleobas ase ar uyurebda. me minda mivaqcio Tqveni yuradReba
im garemoebas, rom rac ruseTma daipyro es qveynebi, yovelive uf­
lebrivi garantia gauqmebuli aris, magaliTad osmaleTis preten­
ziebi. saqarTvelo arsebobda, rogorc Tavisufali, damoukidebeli
saxelmwifo, rogorc subieqti uflebisa, mas iseTi xelSekruleba
hqonda ruseTTan, rom misi ufleba ar unda yofiliyo waSlili; amas
iziarebs mTeli evropa, am azrs imeorebs yvela evropis mecnieri.
araviTari gansakuTrebuli cnoba am mxriv ar unda. is iyo saxel­
mwifo sazogadod, darCa saxelmwifod da Tu es xelSekruleba hqon­
da dadebuli ruseTTan da Tu es xelSekruleba daarRvia ruseTma, es
imas ar niSnavs, rom saqarTvelom dahkarga Tavisi uflebebi.
Tu uflebriv TvalsazrisiT SevxedavT am sakiTxs, – memkvidres am
mxareTa warmoadgens saqarTvelo. eWvi ar aris, rom baTomi da baTomis
olqi saqarTvelos ekuTvnis. amas moiTxovs ubralo samarTali,
ubralo uflebrivi Segneba, me ar minda gavarTulo sakiTxi, Tu ro­
gor swydeba evropasa da aziaSi sakiTxi Tavisufal garebisa. es Tqvenc
Zalian kargad iciT, magram mogaxsenebT erTs magaliTs. aviRoT saber­
ZneTi, man daiWira smirna, frakia. me gekiTxebiT ra uflebiT? (veSape­
li: jariT! jariT!) ara! jarzed ar aris yvelaferi damokidebuli. ra­
sakvirvelia, jars didi mniSvneloba aqvs; – jari, maSin aris sa­Wiro,
rodesac Tqven brZolis velzed gadixarT, da zarbaznebs isvriT.
magram aq me uflebriv sakiTxzed mogaxsenebT. uflebrivi sakiTxebi
jer kabineTebSi swydeba, ase rom didi mniSvneloba aqvs am uflebriv
sakiTxs. ra ufleba hqonda saberZneTs, rom smirna daiWira. is ufleba,
rom oTxi, Tu xuTi saukune iyo saberZneTis nawili. magram gana baTomi
da baTomis olqi mudam ar iyo saqarTvelosTan mraval saukuneebis
ganmavlobaSi? Tu ki saberZneTs SeuZlian gadalaxos da aziaSi dai­
Wiros es Tu is kuTxe, Tavis Tavid cxadia, rom saqarTvelos ekuTvnis
is, rac mas ekuTvnoda yovelTvis da mas aqvs ufleba daiWiros is, rac

44
ganuyrelia masTan teritorialurad, erovnulad da yovel mxriv.
Tqven SegiZlianT sTqvaT, es SeiZleba omis droso. Cven viciT sxva mag­
aliTi. aviRoT poloneTi, romelic daWrili iyo mraval saxelmwifo­
Tagan sam nawilad; exla igi SeduRda erT saxelmwifoT – did polo­
neTad. Tu es SesaZlebeli aris, Tu es misaRebi aris evropis mowinave
xalxTaTvis, nu Tu kacobrioba Sescvlis am princips saqarTveloSi,
es yovel SemTxvevaSi warmoudgenelia da me mogaxsenebT, rom baTomis
sakiTxi sruliad gadawyvetili ar aris da Tu gadawyda, gadaswydeba
Cvens sasargeblod. amaSi me darwmunebuli var.
garda amisa, xalxTa ligam unda daamyaros rogorc mogaxseneT,
mSvidobianoba, es aris umTavresi moTxovnileba. mSvidobianoba, ra­
sakvirvelia dakavSirebulia samarTalTan da iq, sadac samarTali ar
arsebobs, mSvidobianobac SeuZlebelia. ar SeiZleba CvenSi mSvidobi­
anoba iyos, Tu baTomi marTlac gancalkevebuli iqneba da amiT mdgo­
mareoba garTulebuli iqneba. saqarTvelo aris demokratiuli saxel­
mwifo, saqarTveloSi yoveli pirovneba TviTon aris Tavisi mefe,
amsrulebeli Tavisi brZanebisa; TviTeuli adamiani ki Tavisufali
da Segnebulia. rodesac axdenen operacias da cocxal organos Camos­
Wrian nawils, Tavis Tavad cxadia, maSin adamiani swuxs, mRelvarebas
ganicdis. maSin yovlad SeuZlebelia Cven davicvaT wonas-woroba da
raime nabijebi ar gadavdgaT. erTa liga, rasakvirvelia, am garemoebas
Caukvirdeba, daicavs moTxovnilebas samarTlisas da interess mSvi­
dobianobisas, romelnic ganuyrelni arian. Tu saqarTveloSi mSvido­
bianoba ar aris, is ar aris mTel kavkasiaSi da, rasakvirvelia, mcire
aziaSic, ar iqneba es mSvidobianoba. am nairad pirdapiri daniSnule­
ba xalxTa ligisa aris, – ar daarRvios saqarTveloSi es mSvidobiano­
ba. da me darwmunebuli var, es sakiTxi ise gadawydeba, rogorc amas
moiTxovs Cveni erovnuli, sasicocxlo interesebi. amitom me mgonia,
rom Cven ar gvqonia sakmao sabuTi, rom raime sayveduri gveTqva ingli­
sis, an da sxvis winaaRmdeg. me amis sabuTs ver vxedav.
baTomis olqi didi xania sxvas uWiravs, mas Semdeg, rac daiwera
brestis xelSekruleba, rac osmaleTma baTumi daiWira, es mdgomareo­
ba grZeldeba. marTalia, es xalxisTvis miuRebelia, Cven amas omi ga­
moucxadeT, da es ki swored imis niSania, rom ubaTumod Cven ar Segvi­
Zlia cxovreba; Cven imediT uyurebdiT momavals da Tu aqamde nabiji
ar gadavdgiT, es imitom, rom (ramdenad me es vici da ramdenadac daax­
lovebuli var mTavrobasTan) pativs vcemdiT ingliss da darwmunebu­
li viyaviT, rom isini gadaswyvetdnen baTomis sakiTxs saqarTvelos
sasargeblod. Cven, rogorc mogaxseneT, gvqonda pativiscema inglisi­
sa, romlis jarebis xelSi iyo baTomi; dRes mdgomareoba ar Secvli­
la, dRes inglisis jarebs iq emateba safrangeTis da italiis jarebi;
Cveni pativiscema didia safrangeTisa da italiisadmi da darwmunebu­
li varT, roca isini gaecnobian mdgomareobas, baTomis sakiTxs gadas­
wyveten Cvens sasargeblod.

45
 marTalia, Tu italiam daiWira fiume da samxreT tiroli, Tav­
is Tavad cxadia, es italia ver ityvis, rom saqarTvelos baTomi ar
unda ekuTvnodeso, maSin, roca baTomi saqarTvelos nawilia da mxo­
lod droebiT iyo mas mowyvetili. amas aSkarad RaRadebs da swyvets
warsulis istoria: baTomi geografiulad ganuyofeli nawili iyo
saqar­Tvelosi. da ueWvelia, es sakiTxi saqarTvelos sasargeblod
gadawydeba da Tu gadawyda Cveni survilebis winaaRmdeg, – maSin unda
gavilaSqroT, magram me mrwams, rom es momenti ar dadgeba.
Cemis rwmeniT Cven safrTxe mogvelis ara dasavleTidan, rogorc
es axlaxan sTqva Cvenma mTavrobis Tavmjdomarem, vinaidan, rac unda
iyos impelistebTan laparaki mainc SeiZleba, maSasadame, SeiZleba
saqmis daWera da molaparakebis warmoebac. Cven safrTxe ufro Crdi­
loeTidan gvelis, radganac balSevikebTan laparakic ar SeiZleba da
rodesac adamianTan laparaki ar SeiZleba, maSin saqmis mogvarebac
SeuZlebelia.
aq Sengelaiam aRniSna CrdiloeTis safrTxe da sTqva, rom daiw­
yeT laparaki CrdiloeTTanao. me vekiTxebi b. Sengelaias: vin uSlis
CrdiloeTs CvenTan laparaks? – aravin. Cvens mTavrobas hqonda miwer-
mo­wera notebiT ruseTis bolSevikur mTavrobasTan da vinc ki icis
kiTxva, vinc Savs arCevs TeTrisagan, is dainaxavda, rom bolSevikebTan
laparaki ar SeiZleba. isini ar scnoben Cvens damoukidebulebas, ar
scnoben imitom, rom rusuli bolSevizmi – es rusuli imperializmia,
imitom, rom bolSevizmi lamobs aRadginos ruseTi Zvel sazRvrebSi,
maT surT gadalaxon Cveni sazRvrebi da Tu gadalaxes, saxrCobelasac
mogvimzadeben. ai Cven aqedan mogvelis safrTxe da amitom mTeli Cveni
Zal-Rone, mTeli Cveni militaruli energia aqeTken unda mivmarToT.
SeiZleba inglis-safrangeT-italiam daiWiron droebiT baTomis
olqi, magram maT stambolic xom daiWires. da gana es imas niSnavs,
rom stamboli maT sabolood darCebaT? baTomi iseTi gzaa, rom didi
sakiTxia, – ra ufro xelsayrelia saqarTvelos saxelmwifos gan­
mtkicebisaTvis – ucxo jarebis baTomidan wasvla, Tu iq darCena?
bolSevikebs ar undaT Cveni damoukidebloba. xom waikiTxeT b. Ci­
Cerinis nota? is xom saqarTvelos, rogorc ruseTis erT gubernias
ise uyurebs? amaSi xom darwmunebuli xarT. Cven imedi gvqonda, rom
isini, rogorc socialistebi, miaqcevednen yuradRebas TviTmpyrob­
elobis mier warTmeul uflebebs, magram ara, maT daiviwyes yovelg­
vari uflebrivi normebi. isini ise gviyureben, rogorc damonebul
xalxs. da ai, es xalxi modis Cvensken. da Tu saqarTvelos xalxi Seg­
nebulia, Tu moqalaqes esmis Tavisi interesebi – es aris saqarTvelos
saxelmwifoebrivoba, romelic daicavs Cvens ers, xalxs, uCvenebs mas
ganviTarebis gzas. da Tu es Seigno Cvenma xalxma, – es didi Rirebule­
ba iqneba.
saqarTvelom dRes gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda miaqcios da
daiWiros kavkasionis fermopilebi da daicvas Cveni qveyana hunebis,

46
mongolebis Semosevisagan, romlebic exla Cvens qveyanas walekvas uqa­
dian. ai saidan gvelis safrTxe. me zedmeti laparakiT ar mogawyenT
Tavs, Cven dakmayofilebuli varT mTavrobis gancxadebiT – ukve vdge­
varT aWaraSi, molaparakebas vawarmoebT da amis garTuleba sruliad
saWiro ar aris. exlaa istoriuli momenti, roca ikvanZeba warsuli
da momavali, Tu Cveni xelidan gauSviT sadave, maSin daiRupeba mTeli
eri. es momenti Cven unda SevinaxoT da Tu SevinaxeT maSin Cven davi­
naxavT, rom safrTxe aris CrdiloeTidan da ara dasavleTidan.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. veSapels.
gr. veSapeli. (nacionalisti) batonebo, SekiTxva umetes Sem­
TxvevaSi niSnavs imas, rom es Tu is fraqcia damfuZnebeli krebis, par­
lamentis Secdomebs naxulobs mTavrobis moqmedebis ama Tu im dargSi,
an pataras, an dids, iseT dids, rom moiTxovs xolme, Tu ra sakvirve­
lia, ZalTa ganwyobileba amas xels uwyobs, mTavrobis gadadgomas.
dRevandel SekiTxvas yovel SemTxvevaSi im fraqciisaTvis, romel­
ic iyo avtori am SekiTxvisa, ar miscemia xasiaTi mxolod kritikuli,
mas qonda meore mniSvneloba is, rom saerTod damfuZnebelma krebam
gamoTqva azri baTomis sakiTxis Sesaxeb da gansakuTrebiT mTavrobam.
magram cxadia faqti SekiTxvis Setanisa mowmobs imas, rom avtori,
rasakvirvelia, ar aris kmayofili mTavrobis baTomis sakiTxSi. Ta­
vis Tavad cxadia rom am Secdomebs aRnusxva unda hqondes, rogorc
ganacxada sagareo-saqmeTa ministrma, xasiaTi ara absoliuturi, ar­
amed SedarebiT, da kerZoT dRevandel mdgomareobasTan Sefardebu­
li. am mxriv Secdomebi iyo daSvebuli ori gziT: erTi – diploma­
tiuri da meore, Tu gnebavT, – samxedro. rac Seexeba diplomatiur
saqmes sagareo-saqmeTa saministros, centrs ver davabralebT imas,
rom rodesac saWiro iyo, an SesaZlebeli iyo mas nabiji ar gadaudgams
baTomis sakiTxSi. am mxriv samwuxarod ver vityviT amas Cveni diplo­
matiis evropaSi warmomadgenlebze, e. i. Cven evropis delegaciaze,
romlis Sesaxeb TiTqmis ramdenime Tve aris araferi ismis da erTgvari
kiTxva warmoiTqmeba saerTod muSaobaze da kerZod mizanSewoniloba­
ze am Cveni delegaciis muSaobisa evropaSi, jer parizSi da Semdeg,
rogorc es saWiro iyo, londonSi. usaTuod didi aranormaluri mov­
lena aris, rom Cven mxolod frangebis, italielebis da ingliselebis
telegramebidan viciT da mxolod konstantinopolis saelCo gamoex­
maura mas, viciT baTomis sakiTxis mdgomareoba umaRles sabWoSi. rac
Seexeba Cven delegacias evropaSi, me ar vici ratom ver mouxerxebia
Tavisi cnoba, Tavisi azri am sakiTxis moewodebia saqarTvelosaTvis,
amiT gaeadvilebia ministrisaTvis Tu ara, yovel SemTxvevaSi dam­
fuZnebeli krebisaTvis, qveynisTvis am baTomis sakiTxis gamorkveva da
kerZod gamorkveva imisi, ra gaakeTa delegaciam am sakiTxis garSemo
evropaSi. Cven viciT rom, rodesac baTomis sakiTxi pirvelad wydebo­
da, es iyo brest-litovskSi, iq Cvenma dipolomatiam daaSava is, rom
roca eZaxdnen monawileobis misaRebaT konferenciaze is ar wavida.

47
exlac baTomis porto-frankod gamocxadeba iseve Cvendasaubedurod
wydeba, rom Cven delegacias ara aqvs saSvaleba miiRon monawileo­
ba. da me ar vici ramdenad mizan-Sewonili iyo moqmedeba Cveni dele­
gatebisa sazRvar-gareT, rom maT ar gadadges gabeduli nabiji, rom
qarTveli xalxis interesebi daecvaT, roca brestis Semdeg meored
wydeba baTomis sakiTxi.
rac Seexeba ara diplomatiur saqmianobas, samxedro saqmianobas,
es ukve aRar Seexeba gareSe-saqmeTa saministros, magram es ar Seexe­
ba marto samxedro saministros, aramed mTavrobasac – aqac usaTuod
aris Secdomebi, vimeoreb unda warmoebdes es pirobebis mixedviT.
batonma ministrma Tavis sityvaSi ganacxada, rom 15 Tebervals mTav­
robam icoda, rom ingliselebi apirebden baTomis daclas. Semdeg moi­
yvana cnobebi, 20 Tebervals Cveni mTavrobisagan gaica brZaneba, rom
saqarTvelos jars daekavebia baTomis olqi, mxolod 22 Tebervals
mosula pirveli protesti inglisis warmomadgenelisagan da is gag­
rZelda pirvel martamdis, rodesac ultimatumis xasiaTi miiRo iqa­
ur warmomadgenlis mxriv. ai, am 3 ricxvis Sesaxeb: pirveli is, rom 15
Tebervals iyo aseTi mdgomareoba; rom Tu es ar sCanda mTlad, me vici
rogorc sagareo komisiis wevrma, me SemiZlia vsTqva, rom TiTqmis in­
gliselebi exveweboden Cven mTavrobas, rom Cven wavalT da Tqven mzaT
iyaviT, e. i. Cven wavalT da baTomi darCeba imas vinc aq Sevao. me mgonia
aseTi iyo Cveni mdgomareoba, is mdgomareoba, romelic iyo 5 (ar ismis)
me vambob Cveni mTavroba, rom mzad yofiliyo, Cveni samxedro orga­
nizacia rom yofiliyo mowyobili, rogorc es saWiro iyo, maSin jer
erTi, 20 TebervlisaTvis mocda ar dasWirdeboda, Cven mTavrobas,
rom brZaneba gaeca mxolod xuT dRis Semdeg im cnobis miRebisa. (ma­
Sin arCevnebi iyo da xels SeuSliden) – Semdeg me veTanxmebi mTavro­
bas da gareSe-saqmeTa saministros meTaurT da Tqvenc, batono gior­
gi gvazava, rom baTomis sakiTxi gadawydes ara loialurad inglisis
mimarT, e. i. Cemi kritika am SemTxvevaSi ar aris aSenebuli ara dRes
saqarTveloSi evropis momqmed Zalebis, romlis warmomadgeneli an­
tanta aris, ara am Zalebis winaaRmdeg, aramed am ZalebTan SeTanxmebiT
muSaobaze da nabijze vlaparakob me. da amaSi vpoulob Secdomebs. is
antraqti, romelic iyo baTmSi ingliselebis droebiT wasvlis dros,
es ar iyo gamoyenebuli ise rogorc SeiZleboda gamoyenebuliyo da
sakvirvelia inglisi amisTvis, (ar ismis) ar gamoacxadebda. Semdeg
aviRoT meore momenti, ufro mwvave; me mgonia, rom raRac ara nor­
maluri da saerTod saziano movlenis brali unda iyves, rom Cvenma
jarma, rasakvirvelia, mTavrobis brZanebiT da saerTod pirobebis an­
gariSiT, e. i. am SemTxvevaSi ingliselebis politikis angariSi, rom
Cvenma jarma daikava strategiuli punqtebi baTomis olqisa, mxolod
axalcixidan – xulomde da ardagan – arTvinamde da ver daikava na­
taneb – qobuleTi – cixis-Ziri. SeiZleba aq mizezi iyos imaSi, rom Cve­
ni samxedro aparati ar aris gaerTianebuli da yoveli samxedro naw­

48
ili ise ver anxorcielebs centridan mosul instruqciebs, rogorc
Seefereba samxedro nawilebis jars. sanam inglisis protesti movi­
doda, sanam inglisi ganacxadebda, rom is ar midis, sanam Cveni jari
iyo xuloSi, rom is agreTve yofiliyo qobuleTSi, amaze inglisi oms
ar gamogvicxadebda, mxolod Cven mogvemateboda mesame strategiuli
poziciebi qobuleT-cixis-Ziramde. mxolod amis Semdeg Cven SegveZlo
gveTqva, rom mTavari strategiuli punqtebi Cven xelT aris, dRes ki
uqobuleToT Zneli aris imis Tqma, rom Cven SegviZlia uzrunvel-yo­
filad CavTvaloT Cveni Tavi, rodesac Cven marto xuloSi varT. (xma
s.-d. skamebidan: kargi strategi yofilxarT!) didi strategi ar unda
iyves kaci imisTvis, rom gaebedos kiTxva imis Sesaxeb, ratom SesZlo
jarSi miuxedavad saSineli dabrkolebisa, TiTqmis zRapruli gadasv­
la axal-cixidan-xulomde, ardaganidan – arTvinamde da ratom ufro
advil pirobebSi moaxdina dagvianeba imis gamoyenebisa, rac unda ga­
moyenebuli yofiliyo sxva frontze – natanebis frontze. me vambob,
rom aq aris mizezi imisa, rom Cveni samxedro aparati ar aris mTliani.
me mets ar vlaparakob imisTvis, rom angariSs uwev mdgomareobas.
mxolod imis Semdeg, rodesac mTeli samxedro Zala iqmneba ise aSen­
ebuli, rom igi moiqces ise, rogorc moiqca mesame brigada, romelmac
saxelovani furceli Caswera saqarTvelos istoriaSi, mxolod amis
Semdeg Tqven SegiZliaT sTqvaT, rom Tqveni strategia kargi aris.
amis Semdeg, batonebo, movida inglisis protesti, daiwyo in­
glisis warmomadgenlebis saSualebiT mTavrobasTan molaparake­
ba SeTanxmebaze. es moxda. inglisma, miuxedavaT imisa, rom (ar ismis)
iyo naxsenebi, rasakvirvelia omi ar gamogvicxada imisTvis, rom Cveni
jarebi iyvnen xulo-arTvinSi Sesuli. rasakvirvelia, inglisis war­
momadgenelma moindoma Tavisi interesebisaTvis imis gamoyeneba da
amis Semdeg iyo Cveni mTavrobis da inglisis SeTanxmeba. aseTia SeTanx­
meba: mokavSireTa Zala, rac yavs baTomis olqSi, uzrunvelyofs Cven
jars, rogorc strategiulad, ise sursaTis gamokvebis mxriv. meores
mxriv inglisi uzrunvelyofs imas, rom aris kontaqti sardlobaSi im
Zalebis iq yofnis dros. moxda es imitom, rom saerTod inglisis da
saqarTvelos Soris ar aris sxvadasxvaoba, radganac baTomis olqSi
myofi qarTveli eris jari, romelic emsaxureba saqarTvelos respub­
likas, es jari obieqturad emsaxureba antantis interesebs.
ase moxda sxva frontebzedac. Tavis Tavad cxadia, rom sanam aris
parlamentarizmi ingliss, antantis da saqarTvelos Soris, baTumi
ar warmoadgens iseT rames, rom inglisma saqarTvelo gadaimteros
da Tavis mowinaaRmdege Zalad Caricxos. im mdgomareobaSi, romelic
aziaSi aris, sadac inglisis proteqtoratis qveS myofi yvela kolo­
niebi ajanyebis alSi arian gaxveulni, im mdgomareobaSi, rodesac in­
gliss uxdeba axali mobilizaciebis moxdena, rom stamboli daikavos
oTxmoci aTasi jariskaciT, rac did xarjebs iwvevs, miumatebT amas
kidev bolSevikebis frontis mdgomareobas CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi, ro­

49
melic uaxlovdeba inglisis interesebs sparseTSi da indoeTSi, mi­
umateT amas kidev ara normaluri movlenebi evropaSi da aziaSi da
damerwmunebiT, rom sanam aris erTianoba interesebisa SeTanxmeba Cve­
ni politikisa inglisis da antantas politikasTan, baTumis sakiTxi
arasodes ar gaxdeba „kazus-bele“.
aseT momentSi, aseT saqmeSi yovel dRes ki ara yovel saaTs aqvs
mniSvneloba. me minda visargeblo am SemTxveviT da mogaxsenoT, rom
nacionalisturi partia, romlis warmomadgenelic me gaxlavarT,
aucileblad sTvlis rom gancxadebul iyos aq, rom is fraza avtonomi­
is Sesaxeb, romelic gamoacxada mTavrobis Tavmjdomarem da romelic
meordeba yovel dadgenilebaSi da depeSaSi baTumidgan, Cven migvaCnia
aucilebel politikur faqtad, e. i. rodesac saqarTvelo moaxdens ba­
Tumis sakiTxis likvidacias normaluri gziT da Tu normaluri gzebi
sabolood moispoba, Tumca me es ara mgonia moxdes, maSin SesaZlebe­
lia baTumis sakiTxi ara normaluri gziT gadaiWras e. i. stiqiurad
gadaiWras, rogorc es moxda italiaSi danuncios meTaurobiT, sul
erTia rogorc unda gadaiWras, rodesac baTumis sakiTxi gadaswydeba,
Cven damfuZnebel krebas eqneba saSualeba sTqvas gadamwyveti sityva
baTumis olqis Sesaxeb. Tavis Tavad cxadia, rom is avtonomia, romel­
ic sTqva mTavrobis Tavmjdomarem da romlis Sesaxeb laparakobs sa­
mahmadiano saqarTvelo, es avtonomia unda ganxorcieldes ueWvelad
(mTavrobis Tavmjdomare: ueWvelad!) maSin is aWaristani, romlis
Sesaxeb muSaobs ara inglisis mTavroba, aramed inglisis warmomad­
genlis dainteresebuli SemTxveviTi agentebi da amierkavkasiis zo­
gierT respublikebis warmomadgenlebi, ar vityvi marto azerbeijan­
is, maSin es aWaristani ukve faqtiurad ganxorcielebuli iqneba. is
aWara, romlis Sesaxebac laparakobda ara marto parlamenti, aramed
pirveli erovnuli yrilobac da misi erovnuli sabWo, es samahmadia­
no saqarTvelos gana ar aris ajaristani? mxolod me mgonia es saxe­
li ajaristani exla gamoigones imisTvis rom mas qarTuli saxeli ar
hqondes. es xelovnuri saxelia, mas sxva saxels eZaxden da eZaxian dRe­
sac, es saxeli aris gurjistani e. i. samahmadiano saqarTvelo, romlis
sazRvrebi ufro farToa da romelSiac Sedis olTisis olqi da la­
zistani. rodesac es gurjistani gaxdeba udides funqciaT Cveni poli­
tikisa aziaSi, maSin baTumi iqneba CvenTvis karebi da xidi ara marto
evropasTan damakavSirebeli, aramed aziasTan da im samas milion sa­
mahmadiano qveynebTan, romelnic iyvnen istoriuli mezoblebi da ro­
melnic kidev darCebian mezoblebad imisda miuxedavad, Tu visi jare­
bi iqnebian stambolSi, Tu sxvagan, kargad mowyobil saqarTvelosTan
konstitucionurad Segnebul samaxmadiano saqarTvelo sabolood
uzrunvelhyofs yvela gamahmadianebul saqarTvelos istoriul kuTx­
ebis dabrunebas da uzrunvelyofs Cven normalur urTierTobas sa­
mahmadiano saqarTveloSi. dasasrul mogaxsenebT, rom is Secdomebi,
romelic me aRvniSne, SeiZleba evropaSi sakmao iyos, rom moxdes mTav­

50
robis reorganizacia, an gadadgoma, rasakvirvelia evropis parla­
mentSi sxvanairi ZalTa ganwyobileba arsebobs da sxvanairi adaTi ar­
sebobs. CvenSi aseTi Secdomebi ar aris miCneuli mTavrobis krizisis
mizezad. CvenSi aris adaTi, rom ar SeiZleba mTavrobis, an saminis­
tros politika davardes mxolos imiT, rom man Caidina Secdomebi. aq
politika fasdeba mxolod saerTo xaziT, romelsac atarebs da icavs
ama Tu im saministros meTauri, an mTavroba. Tavis-Tavad cxadia, rom
xazi da mimarTuleba yvela Cveni ministrebisa da Cveni mTavrobisa ba­
Tumisaken aris mimarTuli, magram ar iqneba zedmeti ara krizisisaT­
vis, aramed gakveTilisTvis, rom gancxadeba xazis da mimarTulebis
Sesaxeb, gancxadeba, rom Cven vakeTebT imas, rac saWiroao, ara kmara.
evropaSi sakmarisia erTi saaTis Secdoma, rom mTavroba, an uwyebis
esa Tu is meTauri gadadges. (adgilidan: Tu parlamenti scnobs Sec­
domas) CvenSi, rasakvirvelia, aris Secdomebi, magram amasTanave aris
saWiro sxva nairi ZalTa ganwyobileba. rogorc mogexsenebaT aris
saWiro, rom erTi partia ar iyos mTavrobac, damfuZnebeli krebac,
respublikac da yvelaferic (saerTo sicili). yovel SemTxvevaSi, me
aucileblad mimaCnia Tqveni yuradReba mivaqcio imas, rom usaTuod
erTgvari axali politikuri fsiqologiis damaxasiaTebelia is si­
tyvebi, romelic warmosTqves b-n leo Sengelaiam da geronti qiqoZem.
am sityvebis Semdeg unda iTqvas gansakuTrebiT nacionalistebis mier,
arc baton Sengelaias da arc TviT baton qiqoZes ar SeuZliaT daumt­
kicon damfuZnebel krebas da erovnulad moazrovne inteligencias
saqarTveloSi, rom mTeli is davidaraba, omianoba da anarqia, rome­
lic aris dRes evropaSi da aziaSi, iyos mxolod socialuri insti­
tutebis, socialuri ideebis dajaxebis Sedegi.
yovelTvis istoria amtkicebda da exlac amtkicebs imas, rom es
socialisturi saxelebi: bolSevikebi, komunistebi, spartakelebi,
aris Seqmnili imisTvis, rom gangeb, an uneblied damalon istoriuli
erovnuli interesi (gvazava: marTalia!) cxadia, aravis ar SeuZlian
sTqvas, rom dRes bolos da bolos bolSevizmi ar aris wminda ve­
likorosuli movlena. dRes ar acxadebs Tavs aramc Tu velikorosiis,
aramed didi ruseTis „rosiis“ aRmdgenel Zalad. me mgonia qarTveli
xalxi mxolod waagebs, Tu is angariSs gauwevs bolSevizms, rogorc
msoflio movlenas, rogorc axal ideebs. bolSevizmi aris CvenTvis
mxo­lod ruseTi da sxva araferi. am mxriv me SemiZlian vsTqva, rom yove­
li evropiuli Zala saqarTvelos respublikisaTvis aris samegobro
da sakavSiro, SedarebiT ruseTTan imitom, rom Tqven iciT, ra iqneba
maSin, Tu bolSevikebma an CvenTan SeTanxmebiT, an CvenTan SeuTanxmeb­
lad mainc Seasrules Tavisi wadili da gadmoabijes kavkasiis qeds.
batonebo, Tqven iciT, rom saqarTvelos respublikam ganicada,
Tu gnebavT, okupacia germaniis da inglisis jarebis mier. okupacia
germaniis jarebis mier gamowveuli osmaleTTan omiT, marTalia is
windawin iyo miRebuli, misaRebi da gasagebi iyo Cveni xalxisaTvis,

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magram TviT inglisis moulodnelma, daupatiJebelma, Tu gnebavT,
strategiulma okupaciam Cven dagvimtkica, rom am evropas, romelic
modis CvenTan, romelic mogvevlina Cven germaniis saxiT, xolo meored
inglisis saxiT, am evropas ar mouspia Cveni saxelmwifo, Cveni respub­
lika, Cveni mTavroba...
imas ki veravin ver ityvis, rom bolSevikebi, Tundac erTi eSelo­
ni, rom gadmovides, gadauaros saqarTvelos, amas iseve gadaitans Cve­
ni respublika, rogorc Cven gadavitaneT evropis jaris okupacia. Ta­
visTavad cxadia, rom Tu bolSevikur ruseTs unda CvenTan morigeba,
rogorc Tavis sworTan, romelic gzas miscems gasaCereblad, rasak­
virvelia, is unda laparakobdes sxva enazed, ise, rogorc elaparake­
ba sxva danarCen ruseTidan gamoyofil saxelmwifoebs, – estoneTs, an
finlandias. is faqti, rom jer arc erT saxelmwifosTan ar ulaparak­
niaT ise, rogorc CvenTan, imas mowmobs, rom aq bolSevikebis inter­
esebi sxva aris. da es interesebi moiTxovs iseT gamosvlebs, romlebic
mouxerxebeli aris TviTon b. CiCerinisaTvis. da ai moviTxov, rom am
ruseTis sabWoTa mTavrobis winaaRmdeg gamoyenebuli unda iqnes yove­
li Zala. Tavis-Tavad cxadia, pirvel rigSi unda iqnes evropis pozi­
cia. sazogadoebis, erovnulad, Tavisuflad moazrovne inteligenci­
is azri, unda gamoyenebuli iqnes yovelive Zala.
amiTi samsaxuri Cven evropam gagviwia germaniis saxiT da SeiZleba
aseTive samsaxuri gagviwios evropam inglisis saxiT, radganac saqa­
rTvelos da inglisis interesebi aziaSi, ruseTTan Sexebis dros er­
Tiani aris. batonebo, dRes damfuZnebelma krebam moismina ara erTi
SekiTxva. erTi iyo legaluri, parlamentaruli s.-f. fraqciisa, meo­
re SekiTxva: ki iyo, ar vityvi ara legaluri, quCidan Semotanili, ar
vici visi piriT, an visi iniciativiT aq ukve mogaxsenaT b. gvazavam, Tu
rogori xasiaTi miiRo quCam da vis interesebze gaisma iq laparaki,
(xmebi: federalistebi iyvnen?...) iq gaismoda sxva da sxva lozungebi.
(geleiSvili: ra lozungebi?) ra da magaliTad Zirs inglisi, romelic
dRes niSnavs mxolod erTs: – gaumarjos bolSevikur ruseTso (xmau­
roba. niniZe: iqneba Tqven iyaviT?) ukacravad, Cven quCaSi ar davxetia­
lobT. (mxurvale taSi n.-d. skamebzed. sicili. Tavmjdomaris zari)
Cven momxre varT parlamentarul saSualebiT kanonmdeblobisa da
ara quCuri saSualebiT. es Tqveni meTodi aris, magram meSinian, rom
winaaRmdeg ar wavides es meTodi da zed fexi ar waitexoT. (dadiani:
arc magaTi meTodia nu geSiniaT, xmebi s.-d. fraqciidan: es dadianis
meTodia). ai, batonebo, me vambob, rom dRes iseTi momenti dadga, rom
SeiZleba damfuZnebeli krebisaTvis momwifdes ara SekiTxva, Tu ra md­
gomareoba aris baTomSi, aramed imaze, Tu ra mdgomareoba aris Crdi­
loeTSi, ruseTis sazRvrebzed. Tqven iciT, moqalaqeno, rom Seqmnil­
ia iseTi mdgomareoba, rom bolSevikuri ruseTi, velikorosebi Cven
karebTan arian mosuli Zveli ruseTis generlebis meTaurobiT, da ara
axla, ara Tqven socialisturi ruseTis. socialisturi strategia ar

52
gamodga, ra vqnaT. (sicili) mosulni arian ekaterinodarSi da modian
kavkasiaSi. aseT dros ar SeiZleba gadayola im sakiTxze, romelmac
SeiZleba sruliad Tvali auxvios xalxs da sul sxva mxrisaken miapy­
ras yuradReba. (niniZe: es Tqveni aRmoCena ar aris, batono?). Tu Cemi
aRmoCena ar aris, me ar mesmis maS raT xarjavT fuls, Tundac „borba­
zed“. me vambob im gazeTzed, romelic dRes emsaxureba aseT „nastroe­
niebs“ b-n mdivnis saxiT, romelic amave dros aris damfuZnebeli krebis
sagareo komisiis Tavmjdomare, didis xnis wineT iyo Semotanili es
SekiTxva, magram dRes mas Sexvda ar vici ratom, meore SekiTxva soc.-d.
mxridan: marTalica xarT, saSiSi aris!). batonebo, Tu quCa Tqven ar
gaSinebT, darajebi moxseniT quCaSi. (sicili yvela skamebze. taSi mar­
jvniv. Tavmjdomaris zari). da ai, batonebo, dRes iseTi mdgo­mareoba
dadga, rom sakiTxavi sul sxva gvaqvs, es aris Cveni damokidebuleba
ruseTTan. aseT mdgomareobaSi damfuZnebeli krebis yoveli wevri
valdebuli aris ganacxados, rom qarTveli xalxis mTavari yuradReba
unda iyos miqceuli CrdiloeTisaken. mTavari yuradReba unda mieqces
Cven damokidebulebas bolSevikur ruseTTan.
me ara var am SemTxvevebSi, pesimisti, me mwams, rom is saxelovani
jari, romelic Seqmna qarTvelma xalxma, Tavisi patara patriotizmi­
sa Tu egoizmis karnaxiT, rom dRvandel pirobebSi germaniis saxelo­
vani korpusebi ar akeTeben imas, rac gakeTebuli iyo ai, magaliTad
erT kviraSi, rodesac man gadalaxa swrafaT iseTi qedebi, rogorc
iyo artaanis qedebi da gadavida artanujsa da xuloSi. ai, aseTi jari
me mgonia sawindari aris imis, rom Tu is bolSevikebis jars daxvda, is
aCvenebs mas, rom samoqalaqo omi, gasacarcvavad, carcva-glejisTvis
omi damSeuli xalxis gasaZRomad da WamisaTvis omi da omi erovnuli,
eris uflebis dacvisTvis sxva da sxva arian da Tu bolSevikebis taq­
tikaSi gamodga ruseTSi, me mgonia rom balSevikuri ruseTis jare­
bi da naxaven da darwmundebian, rom samoqalaqo omiT gabruebuli da
gamarjvebuli jari yovelTvis damarcxdeba erovnul omSi, Tundac
maT winaaRmdeg iyvnen iseT patara saxelmwifos jarebi, rogoric aris
saqarTvelo.
vinc uyurebs ara formalurad, mTavari sakiTxi es aris da sanam ase
iqneba, sanam Cven darwmunebuli viqnebiT, Cven jarSi, erovnul sakiTx­
is momwifebaSi manamde aseTi sakiTxi, rogorc aris baTumis sakiTxi,
iqneba CvenTvis mTavari sakiTxi. Cveni jari sdgas xulosa da artanu­
jSi. Tavis-Tavad cxadia, rom es sakiTxi SesaZlebelia, Tu ara morige­
biT, iseve iaraRiT gadawydes, iseve rogorc ara erTxel gadawyvetila
evropaSi, Tundac versalis zavis Semdeg. rodesac ers Tavis erovnuli
interesebi ver daukmayofilebia legalurad da mounaxavs sxva gza, ra­
sakvirvelia ara oficialuri, aramed erovnuli. da viciT, rom yovel
SemTxvevaSi bolos gaumarjvia. me vabob im gzazed, romelmac danunci­
os wyalobiT misca italias fiume da romelic faqtiurad aris dRes
italiis xelSi da romlis Sesaxeb dRes didi davidaraba aRar aris. ba­

53
Tumis sakiTxi yovlad SeuZlebelia Cvenma mTavrobam gadaswyvitos ara
legalurad inglisis mimarT, es aris aqsioma. me veTanxmebi mTavrobas
mxolod inglisTan SeTanxmebazed. es aris Cveni sagareo interesebi.
Tumca iyo erTgvari dagvianeba, magram iyo yvelafris gamoyeneba da
rac SeiZleba loialobis gamoCena. es dRes CvenTvis saWiroa. (xma soc.-
fed. mxriv: mouwoneT, mouwoneT yvelaferi!)
Tu ar meTanxmebiT, – gamobrZandiT da ilaparakeT.
Tavmjdomare. sityva mdivans ekuTvnis.
simon mdivani. (soc.-fed.) moqalaqeno, Cven dRevandel dRes is mniS­
vneloba unda mivaniWoT, rom sakiTxi, romelsac ixilavs damfuZnebe­
li kreba ainteresebs ara marto mas da mTavrobas, aramed mTel ers, da
xalxs. farTo masa mas gamoexmaura ise, rogorc es mosalodneli iyo,
ar SeiZleba ase ybad-aRebiT iqnes am tribunidan aRiarebuli, rogorc
amas gr. veSapeli sCadis. es quCa aris Zala, romelsac mTeli saqarTve­
lo emyareba. (veSapeli: amisTvis arCevnebi aris!) arCevnebma misca saqa­
rTvelos damfuZnebeli kreba da Tu aqvs raime Secdoma quCam iqidan
unda uCvenos es damfuZnebel krebas (gvazava: quCam? danarCeni ar is­
mis) rasakvirvelia quCam! quCa – mniSvnelobiT sityva „xalxis“ ar aris
naTqvami da roca Tqveni konstitucia daiwereba... (k. niniZe: magaTi
konstitucia arasodes ar daiwereba!) quCas me vxmarob im azriT, rom
mTeli saqarTvelo Rebulobs am sakiTxis gadawyvetaSi monawileobas
(xmauroba) (veSapeli: marto qalaqSi ki ar aris quCebi!) prezidiumi
mogaxsenebT depeSebs, romelic mosuli aris mTel saqarTvelos kuTx­
eebidan. marTalia baTomi dRevandel mdgomareobis gamo, dakarguli
ar aris, aq es aravis uTqvams, magram baTomi, rom ar daikargos xalxma
Tavisi dadgenileba warmoudgina uzenaes organos.
swored baTomis dakargvis SiSma aiZula xalxi mosuliyo sasax­
lesTan da Tavisi dRevandeli gadawyvetileba waredgina damfuZneb­
el krebisaTvis, ai swored es dadgenileba Cven gvavalebs, rom yove­
live nabiji gadavdgiT im movlenis winaaRmdeg, romelic gvaSorebs
baToms, an ar gvaZlevs saSualebas, rom baTomis sakiTxi Cven sasarge­
blod gadavwyvitoT. ai, am mxriv am gamosvlas aqvs didi mniSvneloba.
me ar mgonia, rom es gamoZaxili iyves is, rac brZana batonma ministrma,
aq aravin iZaxoda xelaRebulad, rom `Zirs mTavroba~, aramed iq iZax­
den, rom Zirs is mTavroba, romelic dakargavs baToms. es Zaxili iyo
Tqmuli aqedanac. da agreTve TviT mTavrobis wevrebisagan, romelmac
mimarTa xalxs sityviT. maSasadame es ar aris Seuracyofa mTavrobisa
da rasakvirvelia arc is aris, rom is piri, romelic aseT gancxadebas
akeTebs, raime kapitals iZendes. batonebo, Cven yvelani erTSi Tanax­
mani varT, rom Cven baTomis sakiTxi SegvaerTebs, rodesac is mkvidr
niadagze sdgas; magram dagvaSorebs, rodesac es sakiTxi Sedgeba cud
meryev niadagze. umTavresad Cven SekiTxvaSi iyo aRniSnuli erTi ram,
baTomis dabrunebis dros nu gauSvebT. rac dro gava meti energia Zala
dagvWirdeba, pasuxad gviTxres, rom baToms ar davkargavTo. kargi da

54
patiosani, oRond moments nu davkargavT, momenti baTomis dakargvis
nu daikargeba. aq gviTxres, rom batonma ministrma savsebiT ar gaacno
is masala, romelic maT xelT aqvs da SeiZleba erTgvari STabeWdile­
ba moaxdina sazogadoebaze, rom aq araviTari miwer-mowera ar uwar­
moebiaT, saTanado nabiji ar yofila gadadgmuli. me piriqiT vadas­
tureb, rogorc saTanado komisiis Tavmjdomare, rom cota energia
aris daxarjuli dRidan saqarTvelos damoukideblobisa baTomis
sakiTxis gamosarkvevaT, magram me vlaparakob, rom miuxedavad amisa
iyo momenti, rodesac SeiZleboda Cveni Sesvla baTomSi. Cven saqme gva­
qvs mokavSireebTan sruli ori weliwadi da am xnis ganmavlobaSi gva­
qvs magaliTebi da es gveubneba, rom rac met gambedaobas gamoiCen, rac
met nabijs gadadgam Seni uflebis, Seni teritoriis respublikis su­
verenobis dasacavad, ufro metis pativiscemiT mogepyrobian, ufro
meti Sedegebi aqvs Sen muSaobas. (kir. niniZe: Subli rom gaitexo!) Sub­
lTan Tvalebi imitom gvaqvs, rom davinaxoT da ar gavitexoT.
Cven gvaqvs aseTi magaliTebi, SarSan denikinis delegaciisa aq.
es delegacia iyo warmodgenili ara ruseTis generlis mier, aramed
TviT inglisis generlis mier, romelmac ultimatumi warudgina
mTavrobas, Tu dResve ar daemorCilebiT denikins, ar aRiarebT imas
ise, rogorc umaRles warmomadgenels ruseTis imperiisa, icodeT,
rom denikins Tqven winaaRmdeg aqvs „tankebi“, „drednutebi“, yumbare­
bi da saqarTvelos mTlad gaanadgurebs. piriqiT, Tu Tqven aRiarebT
mas, ueWvelad denikini Tqven moganiWebT avtonomias. denikinis mier
gamogzavnili elCma, inglisis generalma isic giTxraT, rom am saqmeSi
monawileobas iReben mokavSireni, da Tu ar damorCildebiT denikins,
icodeT, rom saqme mokavSireebTan geqnebaT, viciT is pasuxi, romelic
miiRo am generalma mTavrobis Tavmjdomarisagan da mTavrobisagan;
da es pasuxi gadaWrili, kategoriuli, mkveTri iyo: Cvenma warmomad­
genlebma upasuxes, Cven damoukidebeli respublika gvaqvs, araviTar
avtonomias ar vRebulobT, da araviTar Zalas ar SeuSindebiT. Cven
demokratias ara surs es visme dauTmos da am gzas is arc ascildeba,
Tqven Tu gnebavsT aRWurveT denikini tankebiT, Cven garda imisa, rom
sul yvela mzaT varT davixocoT, mivmarTavT inglisis im sazogadoe­
briv azrs, romelisac Tqven marTvelebs eSiniaT. momenti iyo swored
iseTi, rogorc dRes. kuk-kolisi laparakobs, Tu baTomSi gamoxvalT
Cven winaaRmdeg, gadalaxavT sazRvrebs, Cven SegebrZolebiT, es iqneba
Seuracyofa inglisis droSisa da Tu es CaidineT, icodeT, rom saqme
geqnebaT CvenTan da samxedro moqmedebiT gipasuxebTo (ev. gegeWkori:
ra analogia aris! gvazava: aq sul sxva aris, aq Tavdasxma aris. xmau­
roba). ai ra analogia aris da saqme ra aris, saqme is gaxlavT, rom aq
meTodi erTi da igivea. Tqven gelaparakebaT generali, romelic ba­
TomSi zis da romelic sruliad ver ganagebs baToms, baTomis olqs.
Tqven Tu gadalaxeT sazRvrebi, romelsac icavs oriode daqiravebu­
li moxele yofil ruseTis, da oficeri, Tu SeedaveT am Zalas, es iqne­

55
ba Seuracyofa. me vamtkiceb, rom aq erTi da igiveoba aris. inglisis
warmomadgeneli miCveulia yovelTvis am eniT laparaks, ise rogorc
afrikelebTan. rodesac Cven amas aRvniSnavT, Tqven iZaxiT batonebo,
rom Cven vebrZviT inglisis mTavrobas. rodesac me vlaparakob, rom
baTomi gadaiqca, saerTaSoriso spekuliaciis bazrad, amiT me imas ar
vlaparakob, rom araviTari kavSiri evropasTan ar gvinda. es Semc­
dari azria. es ar unda iTqvas aqedan da Tu vlaparakobT, rom gen­
erlebi mokavSireTa warmomadgenlebi ar iWeren Tavs ise, rogorc
moiTxovs maTi mdgomareoba, es gana simarTles ar Seesabameba. gana
cota generlebi Secvales am ori wlis ganmavlobaSi amier-kavkasi­
aSi. es isev xdeba, rogorc xdeboda winad TviTmpyrobel ruseTSi,
rodesac imed dakarguli ruseTis TviTmpyrobeli ministrad xan
erTs daniSnavda, xan meores.
Cven ar vlaparakobT inglisis demokratiaze, mTavrobaze. Cven
vaRiarebT aSkarad, rom aq generlebi ver gamoxataven inglisis namd­
vil interesebs. nu Tu me SemiZlia araferi vTqva im generlis Sesaxeb,
romelic inglisis warmomadgeneli aris baTomSi, romelic sdevnis
yovelive qarTuls? Tqven iciT istoria baTomis gimnaziisa. im dros,
rodesac baTomis gimnazia man gaavso denikinis ltolvilebis bavSve­
biT, am dros 200 qarTveli bavSvi daiareba quCaSi. k. koliss ver
uSovnia maTTvis iseTi bina, rom imaT saSualeba mieceT swavla-ganaT­
leba miiRon. da rodesac amis winaaRmdeg galaSqrebas vawarmoebT,
gana es imas niSnavs, rom Cven vilaSqrebT evropis winaaRmdeg? rode­
sac vlaparakob, me mxedvelobaSi maqvs is, rom erTgvari riski aris
saWiro (niniZe: banqos TamaSi xom ar aris, b. simon?) gana riski ar iyo
Cveni damoukideblobis gamocxadeba? magram qarTveli xalxi ar Se­
Cerebula imis winaSe, rom gamoecxadebia es damoukidebloba. aseTive
riski iqneboda is, rom gadavsuliyaviT baTomSi. rasakvirvelia, Cven
garantia ar gvaqvs, rom ingliselebis flotilia ar dauSens zarba­
znebs baToms da ar daangrevs qarTvel xalxis mier aSenebul qalaqs,
magram me gekiTxebiT Tqven, gana dRes gakeTdeba rame, ris Sesaxeb SeiZ­
lebodes winaswar sisworiT gamoangariSeba? magram Tqven amis win ar
CerdebiT. baTomi ki saqarTvelosTvis usaWiroesi sagani aris. (taSi
s.-fed. skam.) maSasadme amisTvis patara riski ar unda gavwioT? ai,
gansxvaveba Tqvensa da Cvens Soris es aris. (p. sayvareliZe: es avanti­
urizmi aris!) Tqven avantiurizms imas dauZaxebT, rom nabiji gadaid­
gas baTomis dabrunebisaTvis. magram is raRa iqneba, rom Tqveni neli
nabijis wyalobiT avantiuristTa ricxvi baTomSi mravldeba? (e. ge­
geWkori: tyuilia! xmauroba). batono Cemo, dRemdis aderbeijani ise
gulaxdiT ar moqceula baTomis sakiTxSi, rogorc dRes, ise ar moq­
medebden mTeli rigi bolSevikebisa, romelnic dRes iq ase gulaxdiT
moqmedeben. es raRa aris? gana avantiuristTa ricxvis gamravleba ar
aris? me gekiTxebiT Tqven, mokavSireTa warmomadgenels raT Seuyvar­
da bolSevikebi? rodesac iseT ambavs vamxelT mTel qveyanas kuk-ko­

56
lisis moqmedebis Sesaxeb, romelic pirdapir xels afarebs aseT mov­
lenebs, me gekiTxebiT Tqven, es aris inglisis winaaRmdeg galaSqreba
da omis gamocxadeba? baton gvazavas hgonia, rom yovelive pativisce­
miT da kadnierebiT moxdeba. ar ekadreba ingliss, an safrangeTs, rom
poloneTi, romelic samjer gaWrilia da SeerTebuli, kvlav ar gaW­
ras. am niadagze Tu davdeqiT Cven da vifiqreT, rom Cven arafers ar
gvakadreben, rasakvirvelia, araferi ar gakeTdeba. rodesac amier-ka­
vkasiaSi modioda antantis warmomadgeneli, isini fiqrobden imas,
rom saqarTvelos respublika moespoT, magram swored riski gavwieT
da didi winaaRmdegoba gauwieT maT. politika, rasac baTomSi myofi
inglisis warmomadgenloba atarebs, aris gagrZeleba im politikisa,
romelsac isini dRemdis awarmoebden.
kuk-kolisi acxadebs, rom me mivdivar baTomidan, Tqven Semodi­
To. mTeli rigi xarjebisa iyo gaweuli. am dros TemTa palataSi
loid-jorji acxadebs, rom erTs jaris kacs ar davtoveb ruseTSi!
(niniZe: isini riskiT ar dadian!) riskiT ar dadian, magram roca am­
boben, rom Cven mivdivarT baTomidan, maSin Tqven unda dageWiraT
igi. inglisis politika iseTia, rogorc franguli anbani iwereba,
ramodenime aso da erT asod ikiTxeba. batonebo! SecdiT erTxel, es
unda aRiaroT da Cven moviTxovT, rom es Secdoma momavalSi ar unda
gaimeoroT, Cven davkargavT baToms. (gvazava: bolSevikebs ra uyoT...
aRar ismis Semdegi sityvebi). bolSevikebis Sesaxeb Cven gadaWrili
azris varT, es Tqvenc kargad iciT! rac Seexeb saqarTvelos inter­
esebis dacvas, amaSi Cven badali ara gvaqvs. erovnul sakiTxis Sesaxeb
Tu ki vinme aris nawamebi saqarTveloSi, es aris socialist-federal­
istebis partia. ase rom, es metad susti niadagia TqvenTvis, Cven yov­
el Rones vxmarobdiT saqarTvelos Tavisuflebis ganmtkicebisa da
gamagrebisaTis. (xma – eg trabaxia!) Cven ara varT Cveuli trabaxobas.
trabaxi Tqveni Tvisebaa, kavkasionis qedic ki Turme Tqveni aSenebu­
lia, rogorc aRniSna es veSapelma Tavis klasikur replikaSi (veS­
apeli: federalizmi?) rac Seexeba federalizms me mgonia, rom Tqven
Zalian moxaruli iqnebiT, rom ingliss, an safrangeTs federatiulad
SeukavSirdeT, rom bolSevikebisagan Tavi davifaroT! (maWavariani:
es ar iqneba federacia!) rasakvirvelia vinc icnobs saqarTvelos da­
moukideblobas, masTan yovelgvar kavSiris daWera SeiZleba. saqarT­
velos suverenobas uflebis dacvis niadagze SegviZlia SeukavSir­
deT... (l. naTaZe: areuli gaqvT!). me araferi ar maqvs areuli, Cven
sul am gzaze videqiT. Tqven ki Tavidanve marTla areuli gaqvT gza.
wined erT gzas adeqiT. mere aTjer gamocvaleT pozicia, exla sul
sxva gzazed adgixarT da vin icis momavalSi ra gzas daadgebiT. Sem­
deg amisa, me minda oriode sityviT Sevexo Cven mezoblebs. (veSapeli:
– somxebi ar dagaviwydeT!) arasodes, me yovel SemTxvevaSi, somxebze
imedi sruliad ar damikargavs da... da (xatisovi?) da ar damikargavs
Tund im xatisovzedac, romelic dRes somxeTis respublikis warmo­

57
madgenelia, radgan TviT mdgomareoba aiZulebs xatisovs amis Segne­
bas da moabrunebs im mrude gzidan, romelzedac sdgas. rom Cven So­
ris mezobluri ganwyobileba damyardes, ara marto is aris saWiro,
rasac b. Cxenkeli ambobs, rom saqarTvelos arseboba imaTTvis aris
saWiro, aramed is, rom saqarTveloc dainteresebulia orive respub­
likis arsebobaSi. respublikaTa arseboba, aucilebloba da saWiroe­
ba yvelaze kargaT saqarTvelos respublikas aqvs Segnebuli. magram
Cven mainc ver movaxerxebT am or respublikasTan erTgvari damok­
idebulebis damyarebas, imitom, rom im damokidebulebas maTTvis ar
aqvs imdeni Rirebuleba, ramdenic saqarTvelosTvis aqvs, (xma: – axali
ambavia!) da swored, roca aseTi mezoblebi gyavT miT ufro aris saW­
iro maT SeekraT erTgvar pirobiT. saWiro aris Cvenma mezoblebma
gadaWriT gviTxran: ras warmoadgens maTTvis damoukidebloba? aris
igi droebiTi movlena, autanel pirobidan Tavis dasaRwevi? Tu es
asea, maSin, rasakvirvelia, aTasi piroba, rom daidvas Cvens da maT
Soris, araviTari fasi ar eqneba. magram Tu somxeTis da aderbeijan­
is respublikebma es ver Seignes, amaSi, cxadia, mTavrobas brals ver
davdebT. erTSi ki mTavroba ueWvelad damnaSavea. Cven viciT, rom
damoukideblobis mniSvnelobis Segneba ar aris ise mtkiced Caner­
gili or respublikaTa mTavrobaSi, rogorc es aris saqarTvelos
respublikaSi. da roca ase dgas sakiTxi, Cven maT Zalian frTxilad
unda movepyraT. nu Tu SeuZlian suverenobis dacva im respublikas,
romlis gareSe-saqmeTa ministri acxadebs, rom baTomis sakiTxis gad­
awyvetaSi unda gaerios mesame piri da man unda uzrunvelyos.
baTomis sakiTxi, dasZens ministri, aris agreTve ekonomiuri da sa­
tranzito sakiTxi. dResac daamtkiceT Tqven satranzito xelSekrule­
ba, romlis mixedviT saqoneli Tavisuflad SeiZleba iqmnes Semozidu­
li da gaziduli aderbeijanSi. magram amave dros isini laparakoben,
rom Tu Cven vinme Tavmdebi ar gveyola, saqarTvelosTan kavSirs ver
daviWerTo. es aris saSineleba da sanam am saSinelebas isini ar uary­
ofen, minam SeuZlebelia normalur mezoblur urTierTobis dam­
yareba. Cven gvinda, rom mTavrobam gamosTqves amis Sesaxeb azri da es
sakiTxi nu iqneba momavlis sakiTxi. es aris sakiTxi dReis, xvalis, erTi
kviris da ara Soreul momavlis. aq aris saWiro gulwrfeloba da ara
is, rom aq zepir gancxadebebiT SevTanxmdeT da amave dros ki miliono­
biT fuli igzavnebodes baTomis olqSi parlamentis Sesakrebad. amiT
ver gadawydeba sakiTxi sabolood. amiT ver davamyarebT sasurvel
keTilmezoblur urTierTobas. Cven gvinda, rom mTavrobam miiRos
erTgvari zomebi am sakiTxis naTlad gamorkvevisTvis. sakmao ar aris
marto qaRaldze dawera. aderbeijanis warmomadgeneli baTomSi iseT
TavaSvebul agitacias eweva Cveni respublikis winaaRmdeg, rom TviT
konsuli efendievi aRelda da ganacxada, rom mas aseT pirobebSi iq
aRar SeuZlian darCena. is muSaoba, romelsac aderbeijanis mTavroba
awarmoebs, sazizRar xasiaTs iRebs da aseT pirobebSi yovlad SeuZle­

58
beli xdeba solidarul urTierTobis ganmtkiceba. Cvenma mTavrobam
axlo momavalSi unda gamoarkvios es garemoeba da aukrZalos iseTi
moqmedeba, romelic arRvevs xelSekrulebas da xels uSlis im Sekav­
Sirebas, romelic aucilebelia orive respublikisaTvis, gansakuTre­
biT dRes, rodesac didi safrTxe gvadgia kars.
Cveni SekiTxvis garCeva dagvianda, magram es imiT iyo gamowveu­
li, rom britaneTis mTavrobis mier gamogzavnili ultimatumi ga­
mourkvevel mdgomareobas qmnida. miuxedavad amisa, Cveni jari olqSi
mainc darCa. Cvenma jarma gadalaxa yovelgvari dabrkoleba, gadaiara
didi simaRle, SeiWra olqSi da aWaristani daikava. Cven vambobT, rom
es SeuZlian mxolod Tav-ganwirul, gmirul jars. am ori wlis ganmav­
lobaSi baTomis olqi RvTis anabarad iyo mitovebuli. es didi Sec­
doma iyo. dRes ki am nakls vasworebT – xulo da artaani daviWireT.
magram Tu baTomi ar daviWireT, dagvekargeba samudamod. marTalia,
Cven jars mniSvnelovani strategiuli adgilebi uWiravs, magram
mainc safrTxes unda velodeT.
cotaodeni xnis Semdeg mTeli baTomis olqi, ueWvelia, aivseba im
auarebel brboebiT, romlebic emzadebian SemTxvevisTvis. magram, Tu
amas davikavebT, Cven ueWvelaT unda davikaoT baTomic, radganac is
baTomis olqis zurgi aris. Cven jars, romelic axalcixis da artaanis
mxriv idga, sakvebi adgilad ar hqonda baTomi da am jars dResac das­
Wirdeba am olqSi yofna. ai am pirobebis ganxorcielebisaTvis saWiro
iyo miReba dauyovnebliv zomebisa. rom es moxdes, batonebo, sakmarisi
ar aris, rom marto Stabi viyolioT baTomSi. isic ar vici baTomSi
mogvcemen Tu ara nebas, rom viyolioT Stabi, magram Cven mTeli Cveni
Zala da energia unda davxarjoT, rom Cven movipovoT ufleba baTomSi
jaris yolisa, ai es aris umTavresi, rasac mTavrobam unda miaqcios
yuradReba da unda miiRos dauyonebliv zomebi amis Sesasruleblad.
da moxdeba es maSin, rodesac mTeli baTomis olqi iqneba Cvens xel­
Si. rac Seexeba imas, rom iq iqneba gamocxadebuli porto-franko da
iqneba sami razmi italiis, inglisis da safrangeTisa, amaze vityviT
mxolod, rom Cven kargad viciT ra emarTeba im bavSvs, romelsac Svidi
Zma hyavs. da sworeT baTomsac es daemarTeba. me Tqven gekiTxebiT exla,
rom daviWiroT baTomi da xvalve moviTxovoT, rom iq iyos Cveni jari,
magram marTva-gamgeoba... (xmauroba) Cvens jars ziani ar miuyenebia. ra
ziani eqneba mokavSireebs Cveni jaris iq yofniT? (replikebi ar ismis.
xmauroba). me ar vambob, rom Tqven ar gaqvT moTxovnileba, me mxolod
vambob, rom es unda dauyonebliv ganxorcieldes. ai, aq aris Cvens
Soris gansxvaveba da amiT me minda davasrulo Cemi SekiTxva da maqvs
pativi socialist-federalistTa fraqciis saxeliT warmogidginoT
Semdegi rezoliucia (kiTxulobs):
„damfuZnebelma krebam moismina soc.-federalistTa fraqciis
SekiTxva da mTavrobis ganmarteba am SekiTxvis gamo da miiRo ra mxedv­
elobaSi, rom mTavrobas dRemdis ar gadaudgams energiuli da gabedu­

59
li nabiji respublikis sasicocxlo interesebis dasacavad, daadgina:
daevalos mTavrobas, dauyonebliv miiRos yoveli Rone baTomisa da
baTomis olqis daWeris da maTi saqarTvelosTan SemoerTebis uzrun­
velsayofad da gadadis morig saqmeebze“.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. giorgaZes.
gr. giorgaZe. (s. d.) moqalaqeno! SekiTxvis avtorma wamoayena erTi
centraluri sakiTxi, romlis garSemo man umTavresi Tavisi mosaz­
rebani gamosTqva. es aris sakiTxi: Tu rogori unda iyos politika
sagareo saqmeTa sferoSi, da man, rogorc Tavmjdomarem sagareo saqme­
Ta komisiisa, Tavisi azri gamosTqva da, unda mogaxsenoT, rom sagareo
saqmeTa komisiis Tavmjdomares ar aqvs gaTvaliswinebuli yvela is
Sedegebi, romlebic mohyveba ama Tu im nabijs sagareo politikaSi da
winadadebas aZlevs mTavrobas, rom man imoqmedos yovelnair riskiT,
da amgvarad, daadges avantiuris gzas. aseTi politika miuRebelia
CvenTvis. Cven bednieri varT, rom mTavroba am politikas ar iziarebs.
darwmunebuli varT, rom is aseT did sakiTxSi ivlis nacadi gziT da
ise moiqceva, rogorc es Tanamedrove pirobebs Seefereba. batonebo,
raSia saqme? Cvens jars unda daekavebina baTomi, ambobs SemkiTxveli,
miuxedavad imisa iyo Tu ara gancxadeba, rom es iqneboda is riski, ro­
melic mTavrobas unda gaewia.
rodesac Tqven cud pursa sWamT – es riski aris, rogorc mdivanma
mogaxsenaT. rasakvirvelia, es marTalia, magram es piradi riski aris.
xolo, rodesac riski exeba mTel ers, Cvens saxelmwifo arsebobas da
Cvens damokidebulebas mokavSireebTan, ai am SemTxvevaSi mxolod
grZnobiT gatacebul adamians SeuZlian sTqvas, rom Cven unda gada­
vdgaT nabiji da ar unda gauwioT angariSi araviTar pirobebs. me
vfiqrob, rom am gzas daadgeba mxolod is, vinc sdgas pasuxismgeblo­
bis gareSe. (S. nucubiZe: mdivans es ar uTqvams!).
me movismine, batonebo, SekiTxvis avtori da man mkafiod ganacxa­
da es aq. puris magaliTi gaxsovT? baton mdivans SeuZlia sWamos Savi
puri da riski gaswios, magram qarTvel ers ar SegiZliaT miawodoT is­
eTi sagani, romelic SeiZleba ver moinelos. amgvarad sakiTxis dayene­
ba aris mxolod avantiuristuli politikis warmoeba. radgan riski,
romelic ar uwevs angariSs araviTar Seqmnil pirobebs, aris namdvi­
li avantiura, Cven am politikas uarvyofT, rogorc mudam uarvyof­
diT. miuxedavad imisa, rom Cvens jars Seqmnili pirobebis mixedviT
ar SeeZlo daeWira im xanebSi baTomi da misi midamoebi, mainc SesaZle­
beli gaxda, rom mas daeWira baTomSi momavali ori didi gza saqarT­
velos sasicocxlo interesebis dasacavad. amgvarad faqtiurad Cveni
realuri Zala olqSi Sevida, amas moiTxovda TviT mokavSireebis in­
teresebi, radgan Cveni jaris Sesvlam olqSi lagami asdo banditebs,
avantiuristebs da iq moTareSe bolSevikebs. batonma mdivanma pirvel
Tavis sityvaSi mogaxsenaT, rom natanebis frontidan jari Tvalcrem­
liani dabrundao. diaR, jarma miiRo brZaneba da man is yovlad uyoy­

60
manod Seasrula. is Tvalcremliani dabrunda, is grZnobam ver gaita­
ca; jars sjera, rom saqarTvelos saTaveSi mdgomi marto grZnobebiT
ki ar xelmZRvaneloben, aramed upirvelesad gonebiT da gonebis na­
karnaxevi iyo, rom natanebis fronti Segvesustebia imisaTvis, rom
CrdiloeTis fronti bolSevikebisagan Tavdasacavad gagveZlierebia.
da es asec moxda. jari yovelTvis mzad iqneba, rodesac ki saqarTve­
los mteri moevlineba. SeebrZoleba is mters da laxvars Cascems. is
grZnoba jarisa, romelzedac mdivanma ilaparaka, imis Tavmdebia, rom
Cvens momxdur mters ise daxvdeba, rogorc es saWiro aris. (s. dadiani:
ai, swored amisTana Zala ar unda SeacdinoT!) mec amas mogaxsenebT:
yoveli avantiura Secdomaa, xalxis daRupvaa. Tqven amas gvirCevT,
Cven ki uars vyofT. Tu mdgomareoba Seicvala, gadawyvetilebac unda
Seicvalos, taqtika SeiZleba 24 saaTSi ocdaoTxjerve Seicvalos,
cocxali saqme aseTia da cxovrebac amas moiTxovs, Cven vurCevT mTav­
robas, rom is iseTive windaxedulad, iseTive angariSis gaweviT Se­
qmnil mdgomareobisa moiqces, rogorc iqceoda aqamde da yoveli
sakiTxi mas unda gadaeWra ise, rom ar gaeTvaliswinebia yoveli Seqm­
nili garemoeba. ai, aseTi didi garemoeba, aseTi didi faqtori aris is
saSineleba, romelic Cven mogvelis CrdiloeTidan.
batonebo, dRevandel gamosvlas xalxisas krebebze da mitingebze
unda mieces is mniSvneloba, rom dRes idga sakiTxi ara marto baTomis
Sesaxeb, rogorc sakiTxi iyo aq dayenebuli, aramed mTeli saqarTvelos
damoukideblobisa. damoukidebel saqarTvelos arseboba ubaTomod
ar SeiZleba. xalxi grZnobda amas da ar SeuZlian es grZnoba damalos,
is ambobs ubaTomod saqarTvelos ar SeuZlian arseboba (xmebi: marTa­
lia, marTalia!) da ai swored xalxis da damfuZnebeli krebis mTliani
gamosvla mimarTulia, rogorc CrdiloeTidan momavalTa winaaRmdeg,
ise im pirTa winaaRmdeg, romelnic baTomSi muSaoben da iq Cvens Ta­
namoZmeebs Soris SuRls sTesaven. amitom dRevandeli lozungi iyo:
baTomi da damoukidebeli saqarTvelo, baTomi damoukidebel saqa­
rTveloSi, SeerTeba ori ganuyreli Zmisa. da Tu vinmem sxva lozungi
wamoisrola, is iqneboda romelime upasuxismgeblo piri, romelmac
sityvis uflebiT isargebla. Cveni xma ki unda miswvdes mTeli evropis
saxelmwifoebs da maT demokratias, rom Cven gvaqvs damoukidebloba
da mas unda hqondes yvela is atributebi da Tvisebebi, romelic aqvs
saxelmwifos saerTod.
moqalaqeno, ramdenime wuTiT unda SevaCero Tqveni yuradReba
erT sakiTxze. Cveni Zmebi, qarTveli mahmadianebi, baTomis olqis da
qalaqis mcxovrebni ara erTxel ganicdiden Wrilobebs. iyo dro,
roca ganicdiden Wrilobebs. iyo dro, roca ganicdiden zneobriv
Wrilobas, es maSin, roca maT ruseTis TviTmpyrobeloba eubneboda:
Tqven qarTvelebi ara xarT, Tqven Turqebi xarTo. dResac aWarlebs
Soris daZrwian bneli pirebi, romlebsac surT falsifikacia uyon
maT nebisyofas, avrceleben aTasgvar Worebs, mouwodeben maT osma­

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leTisken, zogni ki balSevikebisaken. samwuxarod am tribunidan iTq­
va iseTi ram, romelic erTgvari Wrilobaa Cveni Zmebisadmi da me min­
da es Wriloba movbano. aq ganacxades, rom im politikis wyalobiT,
romelsac saqarTvelos mmarTveli wreebi awarmoebda, is dRes gari­
yulia, mas mokavSire ara yavso da amiT viTomda isini, Cveni moZmeni,
unugeSo mdgomareobaSi arian. Cven vacxadebT sajaroT, saqveynoT,
rom saqarTvelos hyavs mokavSireebi, eseni arian: dasavleT evropis
mokavSireebi da maTi demokratia. SeiZleba Cven marTlac izola­
ciaSi viyoT, magram es aris mxolod balSevikebTan. Cven im saer­
To enas ver gagiziarebT, romelic gamonaxes osmaleTis imperial­
istebma da balSevikebma, es ena Cven eserebisaTvis dagvilocnia. aq
bevri iTqva imis Sesaxeb, rom Cven baTomi davkargeT, is ara gvaqvs,
magram es ar aris marTali. baTomis olqis mcxovrebni, Cveni RviZ­
li Zmebi, CvenTan arian. yovelive intrigas ajoba naTesavobis erTo­
bis grZnobam da Cven ganuyreli varT. Tu es faqtori ar arsebobs,
sadac ar unda Seiyvano jari, veras gaxdeba, magram, rodesac aseTi
erovnuli midrekileba mtkiceT, Seuryevlad arsebobs, maSin baTomi
ar dagvikargavs da verc davkargavT. ai, me dRes xelTa maqvs dRe­
vandeli nomeri baTomis qarTul gazeT „samuslimano saqarTvelo“,
romelSiac auarebeli peticiebia moTavsebuli saqarTvelos mTav­
robisadmi. me Tavs ar SegawyenT yvelas wakiTxviT, es arc saWiroa, me
wavikiTxav mxolod or adgils. ai erTi: (kiTxulobs): „arTvinis war­
momadgenelTa yriloba sTxovs saqarTvelos mTavrobas ixsnas isini
ubedurebisagan da yoveli Rone iRonos samahmadiano saqarTvelos
avtonomiur safuZvelze saqarTvelosaTvis SesaerTeblad». amasve
Txoulobs borCxis mcxovrebni. (kiTxulobs). ai, es aris Cveni udide­
si gamarjveba, es aris sabuTi mimarTuli yvela maT winaaRmdeg, vinc
Cvens winaaRmdeg adgilobriv mcxovrebTa Soris moqmedoben. da rom
baTomis olqSi amgvarad moqmedoben mokavSireTa interesebis wi­
naaRmdeg, Cven es kargaT viciT balSevikebis da osmaleTis imperi­
alistebis dadgenilebidan; amitom saWiroa zomebis miReba, raTa
xalxis es utyuari survili evropis winaSe sxvanairad ar gaasaRon.
ai am Cven Zmebs, romelnic mogviwodeben, rom zomebi miviRoT maT
SesaerTeblaT saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli kreba miawvdis Tavis xmas
amis Sesaxeb, rom baTomi da misi olqi unda iyos saqarTvelos nawili,
avtonomiur safuZvelze (taSi). damfuZnebeli kreba salams uZRvnis
im jars, romelmac gadalaxa zRapruli dabrkolebani, stiqionuri
pirobebi, romelic mas win eRobeboda da Sevida baTomis olqSi, dai­
Wira iq adgilebi da keTilsindisierad asrulebs Tavis movaleobas.
damfuZnebeli kreba da mTeli eri salams uZRvnis im TanamoZmeebs,
romlebic iltvian Tavis RviZl dedasTan – saqarTvelosTan, sadac
SeiZleba maTi normaluri ganviTareba.
da dRes mTel mowinave kacobriobas unda miswvdes Zaxili qarT­
veli erisa, rom baTomi da misi olqi darCes saqarTvelos fargleb­

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Si avtonomiur safuZvelze, rom is ganviTardes iq, sadac SesaZlebe­
lia, rom es ZarRvi saqarTvelos sxeulisa ar SeiZleba moWril iqnes,
rom am ZarRvis moWriT sisxlisagan daicleba mTeli sxeuli. ai, es xma
unda gaismas aqedan mTeli qveynis winaSe. Cven gvjera, rom Cveni me­
zoblebic iziareben im debulebas, baTomi da misi olqi ar iqnes avan­
tiuristebis xelSi, rom baTomi unda darCes saqarTvelos fargleb­
Si, amas moiTxovs evropis interesic. Cven gvwams rom es xma miswvdeba
evropas da baTomis sakiTxi sasurvelad gadawydeba. ai am imediT Cven
mivmarTavT qarTvel ers da getyviT: saidanac ar unda mogvevlinos
safrTxe, – dasavleTidan Tu CrdiloeTidan, amas win aRudgeba lozu­
ngi: „saqarTvelo unda darCes damoukidebeli“. da ai, am dros qarT­
veli eri ar dauSvebs Zirs Tavis droSas da mis dasacavaT ibrZolebs
ukanasknel sisxlis wveTamde. (taSi).
(oratori kiTxulobs s.-d. fraqciis mier wardgenil rezoliu­
cias):
„moismina ra soc.-fed. fraqciis SekiTxva da gareSe-saqmeTa minis­
tris moxseneba mokavSireTa mier qalaq baTomis porto-frankoT ga­
mocxadebisa da baTomis irgvliv damokidebuli zonis dawesebis Tao­
baze, damfuZnebeli kreba saqveynod acxadebs:
saqarTvelo misi geografiuli mdebareobis gamo – Savi zRvis pi­
rad, evropasa da azias Sua – uxsovar droidan Seqmnili evropisaTvis
im karad, romliTac azias unda mohfenoda evropiuli kulturisa da
civilizaciis Suqi.
saqarTveloc pirnaTlad asrulebda am istoriul misias da mraval
saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi Tavis saukeTeso SvilTa sisxliT icavda Tavi­
suflebasa da evropiul kulturas aziuri barbarosobisagan.
Tavis arsebobisaTvis brZoliT saqarTvelo imave dros aCerebda
aziidan evropisaken mimaval urdoebs, riTac is evropas Tavdacvasa
da Tavisufali kulturuli aRorZinebis saqmes uadvilebda.
mZime iyo is mdgomareoba da saqarTvelos ara erTi da ori bar­
barosuli Semoseva ganucdia; ara erTxel aoxrebula misi daba-qa­
laqebi da xalxis wmidaTa-wmida ara erTxel SebRalula.
miuxedavad amisa, saqarTvelom mraval saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi
SesZlo Tavisi kulturuli saxis SenarCuneba.
magram meTxuTmete saukuneSi saqarTvelos Tavs damtydarma
ubedurebam gastexa igi welSi: Turqebis mier bizantiis dapyrobam
gaaZliera azia da osmaleTma meCvidmete saukuneSi ukve SesZlo
saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi sxeulis dasaxiCreba: mohglija saqa­
rTvelos misi saukeTeso nawili samxreT-dasavleTidan – axalcixe da
artaan-baTomi, es gza da xidi saqarTvelosi evropasTan urTierTo­
bisaTvis.
raki dasavleTiT saqarTvelo moswyda evropas, am ukanasknelT­
an kavSiris gasabamaT meTvramete saukunis gasuls is Tavisi nebiT
SeukavSirda ruseTs, romelmac mas mfarveloba aRuTqva. magram

63
ruseTis TviTmpyrobelobam cbieri RalatiT upasuxa saqarTvelos
kTilSobil megobrobas da sruliad mouspo damoukidebloba da Ta­
visufleba.
amgvarad danawilebuli, is imeds mainc ar hkargavda da, miuxeda­
vad politikuri monobisa, as Cvidmeti wlis ganmavlobaSi SeinarCu­
na erovnuli kultura da politikuri TviTcnobiereba, xolo roca
dairRva Zveli ruseTi, saqarTvelo mtkiced Seudga saxelmwifoebriv
aRmSeneblobas. sabWoTa ruseTma brest-litovskSi gahyida saqarTve­
los xalxis suverenuli uflebani – baTom-artaan-olTisi osmaleTs
gadasca. qarTveli xalxi erTsulovnad amxedrda am istoriuli TviT­
nebobis winaaRmdeg da baTomis karebTan saukeTeso SvilTa sisxli
daRvara. marTalia, bolSevikuri anarqiiT dauZlurebulma saqarTve­
lom maSin dahkarga baTomi, magram es iyo mxolod uxeSi Zalmomreobis
aqti. sulierad baTomi mainc deda-saqarTvelosTan iyo, erTi wuTiTac
ar gauwyvetia masTan kavSiri. miuxedavad osmaleTis aseuli wlebis
batonobisa, miuxedavad okupaciisa – jer osmaleTis, xolo SemdegSi
mokavSireTa jarebis mier – da osmaleTis Cetnikebis TavaSvebuli Ta­
reSisa, baTomis mxares xeli ar auRia deda-saqarTveloze. jer Sar­
San agvistoSi medgrad gaisma mravaltanjuli aWaris xma, romelic
saqarTvelosTan dabrunebas iTxovda. aseTive xma gaisma Tebervlis
arCevnebis dros qalaq baTomSi: baTomis mcxovreblebma saqveynod ga­
nacxades saqalaqo arCevnebSi, rom baTomi saqarTvelos ganuyofeli
nawilia. ramdenad erTsulovani unda yofiliyo baTomis mcxovreb­
Ta neba-survili, rom es ukanaskneli Tavisuflad gamoTqmuliyo ok­
upaciis dros, maSin, roca baTomis qarTveli mcxovreblebi daqsaqsu­
li iyvnen.
baTomis olqis mcxovrebTa survili ar aris SemTxveviTi movlena.
baTomis olqi SekavSirebulia danarCen saqarTvelosTan aTas wlo­
vani kulturiTa da Zmuri erTobiT, miuxedavad istoriuli bedis
ukuRmarTobisa, baTomis olqSi qarTveloba dResac mcxovreblebis 95
procents Seadgens. am xalxisTvis autanelia is reJimi, romelic dRes
iq batonobs da romelsac araferi aqvs saerTo mkvidr mcxovreblebis
zne-Cveulebasa da yofa-cxovrebasTan. amiT aixsneba is garemoeba, rom
baTomis olqSi dRemdis saSineli anarqiaa gabatonebuli: Zarcva-gle­
jasa da kacis kvlas Zlieri fesvebi gaedga am mxareSi – da, rac sruli­
ad uCveulo da ucxo iyo saqarTvelosaTvis, baTomSi ara erTsa da ors
darbevas hqonda adgili am ukanaskneli ori wlis ganmavlobaSi.
garda amisa baTomis mxare, mowyvetili deda-saqarTvelos ekono­
miurad, saSinel sasursaTo kriziss ganicdis, rac kidev ufro aorke­
cebs mcxovrebTa autanel mdgomareobas.
saqarTvelos da mis organul nawils – baToms, miuxedavad zemoaR­
niSnuli usamarTlobisa da gaWirvebisa, erTxelac ar daukargavT
wonasworoba, radganac mokavSireTagan moelodnen gamosarClebasa
da saarsebo interesebis pativiscemas.

64
 saqarTvelos xalxis es kanonieri molodini jer ver ganxorcielda.
magram aris meore garemoeba, romelic yuradsaRebia mokavSire­
TaTvis: rogorc Zvelad ebrZoda saqarTvelo aRmosavleTis bar­
barosebs, ise dRes ibrZvis is bolSevikuri anarqiis winaaRmdeg, im
anarqiisa, romelic osmaleTis faSebs uwvdis xels da am gziT hpir­
deba gabednierebas aziis xalxebs. da damfuZnebeli kreba hfiqrobs,
rom kavkasiaSi mSvidobianobis dasacavad saWiroa saqarTvelos ar
hqondes warTmeuli saSualeba Tavisi damoukideblobis da saxelmwi­
foebrivobis dacvisa. xolo ubaTomod mas ar SeuZlia. saqarTvelos
unda SerCes misi bunebrivi nawili baTomi, rom am gziT SesZlos ev­
ropasTan kulturuli urTierTobis daWera. damfuZnebeli kreba ver
dahfaravs, rom is muSaoba, romelic dRes baTomis olqSi swarmoebs,
fexqveS sTelavs ra saqarTvelos uflebaT, imave dros Zirs uTxris
evropis interesebs da xels uwyobs amier-kavkasiaSi aRmosavleTis
barbarosobis damkvidrebas.
damfuZnebeli kreba miesalmeba deda-saqarTvelos saxeliT mis
ganuyrelsa da avtonomiur nawils samuslimano saqarTvelos, uTv­
lis vaSas baTomis olqSi mdgom SeiaraRebul Zalebs da mTel jarsa
da saxalxo gvardias da adgens: 1. miendos mTavrobas mtkice nabiji ga­
dasdgas mokavSireTa mimarT, raTa baTomi da misi olqi saqarTvelos
daubrundes. 2. daevalos prezidiums mimarTos mokavSireTa parla­
mentebs, raTa maT mxari dauWiron qarTveli eris sasicocxlo inter­
esebis ganxorcielebas – baTomis olqis saqarTvelosTvis dabrunebis
sakiTxSi“.
Tavmjdomare. amgvarad warmodgenilia ori rezoliucia. kenWs
uyri maT. vin aris momxre pirveli rezoliuciisa? vin aris meores
momxre? miRebulia s.-d. fraqciis rezoliucia. (taSi). gTxovT mois­
minoT Semdgomi sxdomis wesrigi. (mdivani kiTxulobs). sxdoma dax­
urulia.
sxdoma ixureba 11 1/2 saaTze.

65
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

mesame sxdoma

(3)

1920 weli. martis 23 dila. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. dekreti – gareSe-saqmeTa ministris gankargulebaSi 500.000

maneTis gadadebisa sagangebo xarjebis dasafaravad.
2. dekreti – evropaSi komerciul saagentos daarsebisaTvis da
ekonomiur misiis gasagzavnad 20 mil. man. gadadebisa.
3. dekreti – fosta-telegrafis nixris gadidebisa.
4. kanoni – respublikis fosta-telegrafis da telefonis adgi­
lobriv mmarTvelobis Statis da xarjT-aRricxvis Sesaxeb.
5. saboloo teqstebi.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris ufr. amxanagi

aleqsandre lomTaTiZe.
mdivnobs damfuZnebel krebis mdivani k. jafariZe.
prezidiumSi arian:
eqvTime TayaiSvili,
qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
sxdoma iwyeba SuadRis 12 s. da 40 wuT.
Tavmjdomare. dabrZandiT, sxdoma gaxsnili gaxlavT. mdivani mo­
gaxsenebT dRiur wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs).

67
 dRiuri wesrigi:

1. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – quTaisSi me-2

xarisxis sabaJos daarsebis Sesaxeb.
2. dekreti – saqalaqTaSoriso telefonis qselis mosawyobad
9.786.000 man. gadadebisa da amave saWiroebisaTvis 291.251 man. da 40 k.
Rirebuli masalis micemis Sesaxeb.
3. dekreti – fostis gadazidvis xarjis dasafaravad 4.034.304 man.
da 92 kap. gadadebisa.
4. dekreti – gzaTa uwyebis mosamsaxureTaTvis dRiuri sargos
normebis Secvlisa.
5. dekreti – gazeT „saqarTvelos respublikis“ savaldebulo
gancxadebisaTvis dawesebuli fasis gadidebisa.
6. dekreti – miwad-moqmedebis ministris gankargulebaSi sameur­
neo iaraRisa da masalis SesaZenad 1.140.000 man. gadadebisa.
7. dekreti – saqarTvelos erovnuli samxatvro galereis daarse­
bisa.
8. dekreti – baTomis qarTul gimnaziisaTvis erTdroul daxmare­
bad 260.000 man. gadadebisa.
9. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa Sinagan-saqmeTa
saministros kancelariis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.
10. dekreti – tfilisis fosta-telegrafis olqis sammarTvelos
gauqmebisa da saqarTvelos respublikis fosta-telegrafis da tele­
fonis sammarTvelos daarsebis Sesaxeb.
11. dekreti – migdebul bavSvTa TavSesafris daarsebisa da Sta­
tis damtkicebisa.
12. dekreti – saqonlos Wiris sawinaaRmdego Sratis dammzadeb­
el sadgurisaTvis s. tabaxmelaSi meliqiSvilis mamulis SesaZenad
1.060.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.
13. dekreti – saxalxo skolis maswavlebelTa xuT-wleulebis da­
sakmayofileblad 4.193.333 man. gadadebisa.
14. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – sasjelTa wes­
debis da sasjelTa debulebis jarimis gadidebis Sesaxeb.
15. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – momrigebel sa­
samarTlos dawesebulebaTa qvemdebareobis gafarToebis Sesaxeb.
16. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – Sromis samin­
istros da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
17. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – saxazino rki­
nis gzis WiaTuris Stoze gansakuTrebuli tarifis mospobis.
18. dekreti – evropaSi komerciuli saagentoebis dasaarseblad
da ekonomiuri misiis gasagzavnad 20.000.000 man. gadadebisa.
19. dekreti – pirveldawyebiTi skolebis maswavlebelTaTvis mok­
levadiani kursebis daarsebisa da saamisod 240.000 man. gadadebisa.

68
 20. dekreti – svaneTis samkurnalo dawesebulebaTa Statisa da
xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.
21. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon proeqtisa – respublikis
fosta-telegrafis da telefonis adgilobriv dawesebulebaTa Sta­
tisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
22. dekreti – gareSe-saqmeTa ministris gankargulebaSi 5.000.000
m. gadadebisa sagangebo xarjebis dasafaravad.
23. dekreti – fosta-telegrafis nixris gadidebis Sesaxeb.
Tavmjdomare. Semosuli gaxlavT winadadeba soc.-dem. fraqciis
mier, pirvel sakiTxad daisvas me-22 sakiTxi, meored – me-18, mesamed
– me-23, meoTxed – me-21-e, me-3-e sakiTxi gadatanil iqnas me-13-eT. dan­
arCeni sakiTxebi wavlen ucvlelad. vin aris winaaRmdegi am Seswore­
bisa? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. dRiuri wesrigi miRebuli gaxlavT.
pirvel sakiTxs mogaxsenebT damf. krebis wevri salayaia.

1. dekreti gareSe-saqmeTa ministris gankargulebaSi 5.

mil. man. gadadebisa sagangebo xarjebis dasafaravad.

salayaia. (s. d.) gareSe-saqmeTa ministri Sevida mTavrobaSi mox­

senebiT, raTa baTomis olqSi sagangebo xarjebis dasafaravad ga­
dadebul iqnas mis gankargulebaSi 5 mil. maneTi. es proeqti iqna miRe­
buli mTavrobis mier, Semdeg iqna miRebuli kontrolis da finansTa
ministris mier da agreTve safinanso-sabiujeto komisiis mier, rome­
lic damf. krebas sTxovs mis dadasturebas.
Tavmjdomare. sityvas vin inebebs zogadi msjelobisaTvis? si­
tyvis msurveli aravin aris. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxil­
vaze gadasvlisa? aravin. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze.
salayaia (kiTxulobs muxlobriv). dekreti iqna miRebuli erTxmad
da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias saboloo teqstis SesamuSaveblad.
Tavmjdomare. Semdeg sakiTxs mogaxsenebT b-ni gomarTeli.

2. dekreti evropaSi komerciul saagentos daarsebis da

ekonomiur misiis gasagzavnad 20 mil. man. gadadebisa.

gomarTeli (s.-d.) dekreti Seexeba evropaSi ekonomiur misiis

gagzavnas da finansur saagentoebis daarsebas. sakiTxi Cvenis azriT
misaRebia, vinaidan Tqven yvelas kargad mogexsenebaT, rom Cveni re­
spublikis umTavres RerZs Seadgens ekonomiuri sakiTxi. sxva zomeb­
Ta Soris am sakiTxis mosagvareblad saWiroa, rom Cvenma respublikam
daiWiros mWidro kavSiri evropis saxelmwifoebTan. dRemdis es kav­
Siri ar gvqonda, xolo mizezi amisa iyo erTi is, rom Cveni mdgomareo­

69
ba ar iyo ganmtkicebuli, meore ki is, rom ar viyaviT cnobili evropis
mier da es didi dabrkoleba iyo. dRes mdgomareoba ufro mtkicea da
evropam ase Tu ise gvicno da amitom dRevandel pirobebSi aseTi misi­
is gagzavna metad mizan-Sewonili aris. finansTa saministros uwyeba
moiTxovs am misiis gagzavnas. misiis xarjisaTvis daaxlovebiT saWiro
iqneba 15 milioni. misiis gagzavnasTan erTad evropis did saxelmwi­
foebSi aucilebelia daarsdes sakomercio agenturebic. rom agen­
turebs didi mniSvneloba aqvs, Tqven esec kargad mogexsenebaT. dRes
umTavresi savaluto saqoneli aris mTavrobis xelSi. mTavrobam es
saqoneli unda gaitanos da samagiero saqoneli Semoitanos. metad
Seferxdeba saqme im pirobebSi Tu ar gvecodineba evropis bazars ra
saqoneli esWiroeba, ra fasebia iq. yovelive amis gageba aris saWiro.
aseTi saagentoebi jer-jerobiT daarsdeba umTavres saxelmwifoebSi:
safrangeTSi, germaniaSi, inglisSi da skandinaviaSi, Semdeg da Semdeg
saWiro iqneba gafarToveba am saagentoebisa. am saagentoebis mowyo­
bas sWirdeba daaxlovebiT 5 mil. maneTi, ase rom sul saWiroa dekret­
Si aRniSnuli 20 mil. maneTi. Tu exla miviRebT mxedvelobaSi fulis
kursis dacemas da im garemoebas, rom am misiis gagzavnas da saagen­
tos mowyobas metad didi mniSvneloba aqvs CvenTvis, me mgonia es Tanxa
didi ar aris. kontrolioris azri iseTia, rom unda iqnas dakmayo­
filebuli es moTxovnileba. dekreti Semovida finansTa uwyebisagan.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? sityvis
msurveli aravin aris. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvaze ga­
dasvlisa? winaaRmdegi aravinaa. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze.
gomarTeli. (kiTxulobs muxlobrivad).
Tavmjdomare. winadadeba gaxlavT Semosuli am dekretis sabo­
loo teqsti exlave iqnas wakiTxuli. winaaRmdeg xom aravin aris ami­
sa? aravin.
Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis b-on gamarTels.

3. dekreti fosta-telegrafis nixris gadidebisa.

i. gomarTeli. es dekreti Seexeba fosta-tel. korespodenciis

nixris gadidebas. am dekrets aqvs droebiTi xasiaTi da gamowveulia
im garemoebiT, rom Semosavali gasavals ar faravs. aseT pirobebSi
ismeba sakiTxi, rom es nixri gadidebul iqnes. unda miviRoT mxedve­
lobaSi isic, rom gansxvaveba Semosavals da gasavals Soris aixsneba
im garemoebiTac, rom Cven varT Camwyvdeuli Cven sazRvrebSi, Cveni
sazRvars gareTi aris baTomi, erevani, baqo. amas iqiT Cveni korespo­
dencia ar gadis. rodesac erTs xans Cveni korespodencia gadioda
ruseTSi da evropaSi, Semosavalma erTi samaT imata. es garemoeba
gvimtkiceba, rom rodesac pirobebi Seicvleba, gzebi gaixsneba, Cve­
ni korespodencia gava ruseTSi da sazRvar gareT da amisda mixedviT

70
Semosavali imatebs, SesaZlebeli iqneba es nixric iyos Secvlili.
amitom es nixri gaxlavT droebiTi. unda gadiddes nixri amgvarad
(kiTxulobs).
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis sityvas vin inebebs? si­
tyvis msurveli aravin aris. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxil­
vaze gadasvlisa? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. gadavdivarT muxlobriv
ganxilvaze. (gomarTeli kiTxulobs muxlobriv).
Tavmjdomare. ganzraxulia me-4 muxlSi Semdegi Sesworeba: „um­
ciresi 2 maneTi“ Seicvalos: „umciresi 3 maneTi“. Sesworebis Sesaxeb
sityvas xom aravin inebebs? vin aris winaaRmdegi am Sesworebisa? mux­
li miRebulia.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b-n salayaias.

6. kanoni respublikis fosta-telegrafis da

telefonis adgilobriv mmarTvelobis Statebis
da xarjT-aRricxvis Sesaxeb.

salayaia. am kanon-proeqtiT unda gauqmebul iqnas yvela fosta-­

telegrafis dawesebuleba, romelic Cveni respublikis terito­
riaze ruseTis mier iyo dawesebuli. me ar Sevexebi saerTod Tu ra
didi mniSvneloba aqvs fosta-telegrafs da, telegrafs saxelmwifo
cxovrebaSi, vityvi mxolod, rom yvela kulturul saxelmwifoebSi
dainteresebulni arian rac SeiZleba meti telegrafi da telefonis
qseli gaiyvanon Tavis saxelmwifoSi. amas aqvs didi ekonomiuri da
politikuri mniSvneloba. am mxriv Cveni saxelmwifo dainteresebu­
lia raTa qselebi gavrcelebuli iyos. uwyebam am mxriv didi zomebi
miiRo. es sCans im moxsenebidan, romelic aq aris warmodgenili, Tu
ra zomebi iyo miRebuli da ra gaakeTa uwyebam 1918 wlidan gviCven­
ebs Semdegi cifrebi. 1918 w. yofila sul 19 dawesebuleba, dRes aris
150 fosta-telegrafis dawesebuleba da 160 telefonis. mas Semdeg
rac damoukidebloba gamocxadda, mosamsaxureni, romelic msaxuro­
ben telegrafis da telefonis dawesebulebaSi metad mcire jamagirs
iReben, da amitom iyo Semotanili proeqti, rom maTi jamagirebi ga­
didebuli yofiliyo da Stati Secvlili, romelic iyo miRebuli
Zveli mTavrobis mier. es Statebi da xarjTaRricxva miiRo sauwye­
baTaSoriso komisiam, Semdeg ganixila safinanso-sabiujeto komisiam,
Seitana Sig sul mciredi cvlileba da Semdeg iyo miRebuli da iTxovs
damfuZnebel krebisagan iqnas dadasturebuli.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis damfuZne­
bel krebis wevrs dadians.
sam. dadiani (soc.-fed.) batonebo, damfuZnebel krebis wevrno!
Cven am kanon-proeqtis winaaRmdegni ara varT. piriqiT, samwuxaroa,
rom es kanon-proeqti Zlier dagvianebiT Semovida da amiT SeiZleba
bevri ziani mouvides, rogorc uwyebas, agreTve respublikas. amdeni

71
xnis ganmavlobaSi TiTqmis mxolod fosta-telegrafis uwyeba dar­
Ca iseTi, romelsac arc Stati aqvs SemuSavebuli da mosamsaxureTac
yvela sxva dargze naklebi jamagirebi aqvT. es uwyeba raRac ukanono
Svilia respublikisa. amas wined me SemTxveva mqonda meTqva, rom am uw­
yebaSi yvelaferi rigze ar aris-meTqi da ai dRes me vecdebi gadavSa­
lo Tqvens winaSe mTeli viTareba.
saxelmwifo uflebis mecnierni da mkvlevarni ukanaskneli droi­
sa, romelnic angariSs uweven saxelmwifos formebis evoliucias, aR­
niSnaven ra xalxosnuri tendenciis gaZlierebas, amboben: saukeTeso
kriteriumi imisa, Tu ra tipis saxelmwifosTan gaqvT saqme, aris is
wesi, romlis mixedviT xdeba konstituciis ganxilva da nawilobriv an
mTlianad Secvla misi. me vityodi agredve, rom saxelmwifos isic ax­
asiaTebs, Tu rogori uflebebi aqvT saxelmwifos da sazogado orga­
nizaciaTa mosamsaxureTa profesionalurs kavSirebs. demokratiuli
respublika uaRresad imiT daxasiaTdeba, rom araviTari gansxvaveba
ar unda iyos muSaTa organizaciebs Soris, yovel SemTxvevaSi, rac
SeiZleba meti uflebebi mosamsaxureTa profesiuls organizaciebs, –
ai es aris moTxovnileba xalxosnuri marTva-gamgeobisa.
uflebebi mosamsaxureTa miRebis, daTxovnis, dasjis saqmeSi Care­
visa; ufleba mosamsaxurisa, icodes risTvis sjian, an iTxoven mas;
ufleba gaficvebisa; ufleba ultimatumisa da sxv. es aris saadminis­
tracio sakiTxi mxolod, es unda Seadgendes agreTve kavSiris kompe­
tencias.
sadac es uflebebi ar aris, iq aris biurokratiuli wes-wyobileba
da ara demokratiuli respublika. samwuxarod, Sinagan-saqmeTa samin­
istroSi, romelsac eqvemdebareba es uwyeba, da TviT uwyebis adminis­
tracia, sdganan namdvils biurokratiul niadagze.
rasakvirvelia, me ar meucxoeba, ar mikvirs, rodesac gabatonebu­
li partia, soc.-demokratebi, misi mTavroba da misi administracia,
romelic gamtarebelia saministros gezisa, iq moqmedebs viwro par­
tiuli interesebis mixedviT. es marto CvenSi ar aris ase. amas winad
mogaxseneT da axlac vimeoreb, rom amerikaSi sul ukanasknel dromde
sruliad aSkarad acxadebda esa Tu is gamarjvebuli partia: me gavi­
marjve, saxelmwifo samsaxuri da mTeli adgilebi Cemi nadavlia da
gauyof kidec imaT, vinc me gamarjveba momaniWao da anawileben adg­
ilebs TavianTi partiis wevrTa Soris. ase xdeba CvenSiac. magram yve­
lafers aqvs sazRvari. gadaWarbebuli araferi varga da aseTi gad­
aWarbebiT Tqven zians moutanT respublikas.
amas winad olqis ufrosma da misma administraciam daiTxova mo­
samsaxure. f-tel. mosamsaxureTa profesionalurma kavSirma miiCnia
es usamarTlod da kavSiris gamgeoba mivida ministrTan saTxovnelad,
magram ministris amxanagma b. WiWinaZem maT arc ki mousmina da TiTon
ministri b. ramiSvili ki kidec daemuqra: respublikis sazRvrebs gad­
agacilebTo.

72
 am molaparakebis dros olqis ufrosma mgelaZem TiTon ministr­
Tan ganacxada: me ver Seurigdebi iseTs xalxs uwyebaSi, romelnic mTav­
robis gezs ar iziarebeno, – „Инаго мыслящихъ я на службѣ не допущу“-o.
amaze b. ministrma SeniSvnac misca mgelaZes: ara, es ar SeiZleba; ai
Cems saministroSi me yuradRebas ar vaqcev vin ra mrwamsisa ariso. mi­
uxedavad aseTi SeniSvnisa, b. ministro, Tqveni administratori isev
ise ganagrZobs am „inago misliaSCebis“ devnas. mas ise warmoudgenia
marTladac, rom es respublika misi partiis nadavlia da uyofs igi
am ulufas Tavisianebs. ai is yovlad Seuwynarebeli gezi, romelsac
anxorcielebs f.-t. administracia. amis dasamtkiceblad, rom uwyeba­
Si administracia sdevnis yvela ara social-demokrats, wagikiTxavT
adgilebs im proklamaciisas, romelic gamouSva social-demokrati­
uli partiis saarCevno biurom.
rasakvirvelia, yvelas aqvs ufleba saarCevno agitaciisa, magram ai
aseTi proklamacia kanoniTac aRkrZalulia da zneobrivad miuRebeli.
ai rogor amkoben TavianT ideur mowinaaRmdegeebs: „fosta-­te­
legrafis demokratia sabednierod sakmaod Segnebulia da... is ar
ayveba zneobrivad da politikurad gaTaxsirebuls vaJbatonebs“...
„Zirs zneobadacemuli WeliZe-berZeniSvilebi! Zirs saqarTvelos da­
moukideblobis da Tavisuflebis mtrebi, romelnic denikinis mosvlas
niadags umzadeben! gaumarjos saqarTvelos damoukideblobis da Tav­
isuflebisTvis mebrZolebs!“
me ar vici, vin aris es WeliZe. igi mgoni swored is WeliZea, ro­
melic mrCevlad hyavda erTs dros olqis ufross da kavSiri ki amas
ebrZoda. magram, rac Seexeba berZeniSvils, igi socialist-federal­
istia da rac ar unda iTqvas, mas imas ki veravin damwamebs, rom igi
Cveni respublikis mteri iyos da denikinis mosvlas xels uwyobdes.
aseTi sazizRari ciliswameba xSirad gvsmenia, magram cotaTi mainc
patiosanma soc.-demokratma ukve xeli aiRo am demagogiaze.
olqis ufrosi ver egueba mowinaaRmdege partiis moxeles da ebrZ­
vis maT. olqis ufrosi uyviris da didi incidenti uxdeba profesion.
kavSiris gamgeobis wevrTan dumbaZesTan, romelic masTan mivida ka­
vSiris saqmeebis gamo. igi mas uyviris da brazobs, roca araviTari
sababi amisTvis dumbaZes ar miucia. amis Sesaxeb kavSiris gamgeobas
msjeloba aqvs erTs sxdomaze 1918 wlis noemberis 17-s #23 da sxva­
Ta Soris social-demokrati meburiSvili ambobs: „me viyavi kerZo
mayurebeli dumbaZis da olqis ufrosis Soris laparakisa. dumbaZe,
rogorc exla, maSinac ase damSvidebulad laparakobda“... roca mar­
to davrCiTo, ambobs es social-demokrati, „me mivmarTe mgelaZes da
vkiTxe, Tu risTvis epyroba am rigad dumbaZes, man mipasuxa: risTvis
sxvebs ar vepyrobi ase, dumbaZes arsebiTad ver Sevewyveo“. meburiS­
vili exeba yvela im dapirebebs, romelic aRuTqva mgelaZem gamgeobas
mosvlisTanave da ambobs, rom ukanasknel dros misi yofaqceva ar ama­
rTlebs im dapirebebs“.

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 cxadia, b. mgelaZe ver Seewyo „arsebiTad“ dumbaZes imitom, rom
igi socialist-federalistia.
es tendencia devnis sCans agreTve im egzamenebis daniSvnaSi, ro­
melic mgelaZem moigona da ministrs miaRebina. es egzamenebi ganzrax­
uli iyo im mizniT, rom saSualeba miscemodaT gaegdoT maTTvis ara
sasurveli elementebi. egzamenebi dauniSnes eqvsi wlobiT namsaxurs
moxeleebs da aseqvsi kacidan TiTqmis 95 sul socialist-federal­
istebi iyvnen. me araferi maqvs sawinaaRmdego egzamenebisa. TiTqmis
yvelgan evropaSi savaldebuloc aris egzamenebi ama Tu im Tanamde­
bobisaTvis da asec unda iyos. piriqiT, Cven es saWirod migvaCnia gan­
sakuTrebiT CvenSi, rom moispos naTlimamoba da partiuloba. magram
Tu igi gamowveulia ara saqmis interesiT, aramed pirovnebaTa inter­
esiT, maSin SeiZleba bevri usamarTloba moxdes; ase rom egzamenebi
gaukeToT, maSin xom bevri Tqvengani ver darCeboda Tavis adgilas
dablidan moyolebuli TviT ministrebamde.
da ra mogvitana am egzamenebma? araferi, damarcxda b. mgelaZe,
radganac verc erTi moxele ver daiTxoves, yvela gamosadegi aRmoCn­
da. xolo respublikam xarjebi naxa: sami dRe muSaobdnen teqnikosebi,
gaabes nambebi, dasdges aparatebi da sx.
saerTod ase Sinaurulad keTdeba saqme am uwyebaSi, im mizniT, rom
administraciam daimsaxuros pativiscema moxeleebisa, Tavisianebs
gansakuTrebuli ndobiT epyrobian da maTi saSualebiT, ebrZvian ra
profesionalurs kavSirs, TiTon erevian mis saqmeebSi. adinistracia
cdilobs kavSiris prestiJi dasces da cdilobs daanaxos moxeleebs,
rom misi ekonomiuri interesebis dacva kavSirs ar SeuZlia. Tu raime
sesxi iqneba, upirvelesad soc.-dem. koleqtivis wevrebs aZleven. aTi
aTasi maneTi gadasces erTs moxeles babiloZes dasarigeblad da ar­
aviTari kvitancia, xelwerili ar mouTxoviaT. marTalia, SeiZleba
mas, rogorc social-demokrats cnobdnen, magram es xom partiuli
Tanxa ar iyo, es respublikis Tanxebia da ase Sinaurulad saqmis war­
moeba ar SeiZleba.
b. mgelaZe ise farTod sargeblobs gadayenebis, gadayvanis, dasjis
uflebebiT, rom Zvels drosac, biurokratiul reJimsac ar epatiebo­
da. Tu ar moswons vinme, igi xsnis erTi adgilidan, gadayavs sxvagan da
xSirad ise Sorsac gadisvris, rogorc soxumia da ar uwevs angariSs
aris es saWiro saqmisaTvis, an egeb sxva moxelis gadayvana ufro mosa­
xerxebelia.
incidentebi dResac bevri mosdis b. mgelaZes. iyo aseTi SemTxve­
va: es SemTxveva ukve iyo presaSiac, rogorc nimuSi imisa, Tu rogor
sdevnis mgelaZe soc.-federalist moxeleT. b. mgelaZem cirkuliar­
iT aukrZala kavSirs ufaso depeSebis gagzavna da miReba. erTxel
moriged saaparatoSi iyo moxele berZeniSvili, romelic aqtiuri
damcvelia profesionaluri kavSiris uflebebisa da amitomac gan­
sakuTrebebiT idevneba administraciis mier. saaparatoSi Semoitana

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ufasod gadasacemad depeSa yazbegisTvis, mleTi, gudauTi da sxvebi­
saTvis kavSiris centraluri gamgeobis wevrma kaSiam. Sinaarsi aseTi
iyo: „SematyobineT, ramdeni gamogigzavno mosamsaxureTaTvis puris
fqvili“. xels awerda kaSia. berZeniSvili, pasuxisgebis Tavidan asac­
ileblad, daekiTxa centr. gamg. misi xom ar iyo es depeSa. gamoirkva,
rom es iyo b. mgelaZis gankargulebiT. kaSiam meore baraTic Semoi­
tana aseTive, maSin berZeniSvilma uTxra, amisTana SemTxvevebSi olqis
ufrosis warwera unda iyoso da gadasca moxeles gasagzavnad.
xuTi wuTic ar gasula, saaparatoSi Semovida olqis ufrosi, da­
tuqsa berZeniSvili: „Это вы совѣтовались относительно моих записокъ съ
центральнымъ правленiемъ?“ – me mxolod vkiTxe maTgan xom ar iyo bara­
Ti. gTxovT nu miyviriT, wynarad melaparakeT! upasuxebs moxele. amis
Semdeg berZeniSvili xan fostaSi gadaiyvanes, xan sasaxleSi, xan kidev
sad – uTuod imisTvis, rom mas mobezreboda da TiTon wasuliyo sam­
saxuridan.
imisi sabuTi, rom administracia sxvadasxvanairad epyroba mox­
eleebs, gaxlavT quTaisis raionis kavSirisagan gamogzavnili moxsen­
eba centralurs gamgeobaSi. b. mgelaZes SemouRia oTx sistemiani sas­
jeli erT da imave danaSaulze. magaliTad depeSis damaxinjebisaTvis
isjeba xalxi amnairad: „WiaTuris f.-t. kantoris mexuTe xarisxis mo­
xele CubiniZe Camoyenebuli iqna fostalionad. quTaisis f.-t. konto­
ris 4 xarisxis moxele qali vera fxakaZis asuli baramaZisa Camoyenebu­
li iqna 6 xarisxze, imave kontoris 5 xarisxis moxele mariam toRoniZe
– 6 xarisxze“. moxele CubiniZe da vera baramiZisa, Turme sruliad
udanaSauloni aRmoCndnen da gamoZiebis Semdeg isev aRamaRles.
me winaaRmdegi ara var danaSaulisaTvis moxele daisajos, magram
yovlad Seuwynarebelia erT da imaveze sxva da sxva gvarad dasajoT,
radganac aq administracias eZleva saSualeba sxva partiis xalxi sas­
tikad dasajos. (k. niniZe adgilidan – eseni soc.-federalistebi ari­
an?) ar vici b. deputato, me aq es ar mainteresebs, – me mainteresebs es
Tqveni sistema, es TviTneboba.
amnair danaSaulze arsebobs Turme sxvanairi sasjelic: `quTaisis
iuristi didimamiSvilis moxele qals da sx. SeniSvna misces da xel­
werili CamoarTves, rom Tu kidev Secdebian, samsaxuridan daiTxoven.
Semdeg, mix. ap. bakuraZe amisTvisve soxumSi gadaiyvanes da meoTxe
gvari sasjeli – SeniSvna da depeSis fasis gadaxda. warmoidgineT,
batonebo, ra nerviuli mdgomareoba unda iyos, rodesac moxelem ar
icis, rogor daisjeba igi, rogor inebebs misi „ufrosi“ mis dasjas!
Zvels biurokratizms da saerTod biurokratiuls wesebs um­
Tavresad is axasiaTebs, rom moxele miCneulia raRac pirad mosamsa­
xured da mis ufross, ierarqiT maRla mdgoms moxeles ufleba aqvs
sruliad angariSi ar gauwios moxelis pirovnebas da sTelos misi
Tavmoyvareoba. es wesebic umwvervalesobamde hqonia ayvanili olqis
ufross.

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 jer kidev 1918 wels, olqis ufrosad movlinebis umalve, b. mge­
laZe sastik batonad movlinebia mosamsaxureebs. miss aseT udiers da
damamcirebels mopyrobas iqamde auRelvebia mosamsaxureebi, rom es
sagani gamxdara kavSiris centr. gamgeobis gansaxilvel saqmed, amas
mowmobs centr. gamgeobis oqmi #19.
am sxdomaze isev social.-demokrati meburiSvili, centr. gamge­
obis wevri ambobs: „cxadia, rom olqis ufrosi aWarbebs Tavis ufle­
bebs, is fexis gadadgmaze iCens sisastikes“... da moiTxovs raime gamo­
savlis gamoZebnas. es gamosavali gamosZebna maSin centr. gamgeobis
Tavmjdomarem da dRes ukve olqis ufrosis TanaSemwe Salikianma. igi
ambobs: „me ara erTxel mqonia olqis ufrosTan laparaki imis Sesa­xeb,
rom misi mopyroba mosamsaxuresadmi ar aris dasaSvebi“. igi mom­xreao,
ambobs Salikiani „sastiki mopyrobisa“, „magram me rasakvirvelia, ver
gaviziarebdi mis aseTs Sexedulebaso“ da iZleva windadebas mimarTos
gamgeobam olqis ufross daxuruli weriliT da gaafrTxilos igi. b.
Salikians aqve mohyavs mravali magaliTi aseTi miuRebeli mopyrobisa.
marTlac misweres b. mgelaZes aseTi werili da moiTxovden amas
Seecvala Tavisi mopyroba. olqis ufrosma gamgeobas mosTxova sabuTe­
bi da maSin gamgeobam mas dausaxela kidec is SemTxvevebi, romelic aR­
niSnulia oqmSi nomer ocSi. „omaniZe imdenad Seuracyofili iyo, rom
uari ganacxada moxsenebis gakeTebaze da saqmeebi miuyara saqmis mwar­
moebels; laliaSvili ramdenjerme tiriliT Semovida gamgeobaSi da
iTxovda daxmarebas, rom rogorme sammarTvelodan gadaeyvanaT: davi­
TaSvili, romelic karidorSi bavSviviT stiroda da TavSi xelebs ice­
mda, meore dRes Txovna Semoitana da iTxovda telegrafSi gadayvanas;
iakovlevisa, romelic cxare cremliT tiroda da undoda Txovnis Se­
motana, magram ver bedavda; SaniZe Zlivs davamSvideT gamgeobaSi; avad­
myofobisaTvis olqis darajis daTxovna; depeSa mleTis moxeleTadmi,
sadac winadadeba eZlevaT nagavi swmindon“ da sxva da sx. ai, ase CamouT­
vales b. olqis ufross Tavisi saqcieli, magram mas aseTi sisastike da
„disciplinis“ damyareba aqamdisac ar Seuwyvetia. aseve moqcevia igi
axlaxan devdarians, abramiSvils da sx. diaR, me vici, rom samsaxur­
Si unda iyos disciplina, unda iyos erTgvari subordinacia, margam
es disciplina unda iyos damyarebuli ara yazarmuls wesebze, aramed
unda iyos Tavisufali, Segnebuli, saqmis siyvarulze aSenebuli. (xmebi
soc.-demok. adgilebidan: raSi gamoixata udieri mopyroba?) hkiTxeT
Tqvens amxanags Salikians da is agixsniT, radgan igi TiTon Seuwynare­
blad sTvlida amas, sanam igi kavSiris gamgeobaSi iyo da ebrZoda amas.
Semdeg, biurokratiulia is wesi, rodesac administracias aqvs
ganusazRvreli ufleba mosamsaxureTa erTi adgilidan meoreze ga­
dasrola. soxumis olqSi mTeli es ori-sami weliwadi ar yofila revi­
zia, aiwewa Turme saqme da soxumidan Seatyobines, rom saWiroa reviz­
iao. b. mgelaZe wavida, iq aRmoaCina ramdenime borot-moqmedeba, mgoni
fulebis gaflangva da sxva uwesoeba da zogi sxvaTa Soris gadaayena

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samsaxuridan, zogi CamoaqveiTa, zogs warCineba misca. am gadayvanis
uflebiT xSirad borotad sargeblobs b. mgelaZe; man mgoni wnoris
wyalze gaamwesa Cveni universitetis studenti qalebi, Tumca man ico­
da, rom es udrida maTs daTxovnas, vinaidan isini iq ver wavidodnen.
da ai, rodesac kavSiri moiTxovs, dagvekiTxeT Cvenc, egeb sxvagan
gadasvla SeuZlia meore moxeles umtkinvelodo, es Cven ar migvaCnia
anti saxelmwifoebrivi moTxovnad; aseTi ufleba unda hqondes kav­
Sirs, romelic icnobs Tavisi wevris mdgomareobas. (xmauroba).
batono deputatebo, ai Tqven RelavT, magram tramvais konduqto­
ri brZandebiT da gekiTxebiT: gana tramvaiSi kavSiris daukiTxavad
SeiZleba, an vismes daTxovna, an miReba? amis uflebas Tqven aravis
aZlevT iq da raRa daaSava fosta-telegrafma?
es ufleba aqvs agreTve rkinis gzis muSa-mosamsaxureTa kavSirs.
maS raSia saqme? uTuod saqme is aris, rom sxvagan is „inako misliaSCe­
bi“ ki ar arian umravlesobaSi, aramed Tqvenive amxanagebi da maTs ver
gaubedavT aseT moqcevas.
saerTo tendencia mTavrobisa aseTia, rom rac SeiZleba SezRud­
on profesionaluri kavSirebi, magram amas muSebs veRar ubedaven da
mosamsaxureTa organizaciebs ki b. mgelaZeebi qeds axrevineben.
b. mgelaZem aRadgina Zveli reJimi, rodesac, „koleqtiuri“ mimarT­
vas biurokratia „bunts“, ajanyebas uwodebda. iyo SemTxveva, rom ka­
vSiris gamgeobam TxovniT mimarTa olqis ufross ukanonod dasjili
moxelis Sesaxeb 1919 wels, ivlisis 28 #16079. administraciam ki ase­
Ti rezoliucia daawera: „gibrunebT ra am Txovnebs, gacnobebT, rom
yovelive TiToeul Txovna mTxovnelebis mxriv aucilebliv mimarTu­
li unda iyos olqis ufrosis saxelze... winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi Txov­
na uyuradRebod iqneba datovebulio“. ase rom gamodis, usafuZvlod
b. mgelaZisagan dasjilma moxelem TxovniT masve unda mimarTos. gana
SeiZleba aseTi mopyroba demokratiul respublikaSi?! ai magaliTad
erTi amonaweri moxelis Txovnidan... „Tu Cems aqedan gadayvanas aqvs
partiuli mniSvneloba, gulaxdilad aRviareb da mravlaTac ician,
rom me arc erTs partias ar vekuTvni, upartioTa siaSiac ar vweri­
var, me aravisi wyena ar minda“. da sx. ai, batonebo, sadamde mihyavT
moqalaqe; ase amravleben akaki akakieviCis tipis moxeleebs, demokra­
tiuls respublikaSi ki unda Segnebuli, pirdapiri, Tavisi Tavmoyva­
reobis da rwmenis pativis mcemeli moqalaqe.
axla minda Tqveni yuradReba mivaqcio kidev im garemoebas, rom
TiTon administracia arRvevs ministris brZanebas. rodesac saerTo
wesebs arRvevs social-demokrati, es mas Cauvlis da amave saqciel­
isTvis sxvebs samsaxuridan iTxoven.
iyo brZaneba ministrisa, rom kavSiris gamgeobas CamorTmeoda
ufleba kavSiris saWiroebisTvis ufaso depeSebis gzavna saraiono
kavSirebSi. me es usamarTlobad mimaCnia, kavSirs unda hqondes amis
ufleba. amis ufleba aqvs rkinis gzis kavSirs. b. ministris instruqci­

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iT kavSirs Tu unda depeSa gagzavnos, yovelTvis ministrisagan unda
aiRos nebarTva. ase rom erTgvari cenzuraa daniSnuli profesion­
alur kavSirze. aseTi sistema me Seuwynareblad mimaCnia. (l. naTaZe
adgilidan – aki sistema ara aqvTo!) diaR, b. naTaZe, es sistemaa, ma­
gram yovlad Seuwynarebeli da Seuracxmyofeli demokratiuli re­
spublikisa.
ase Tu ise, arsebobs ministris gankarguleba. erTs mSveniers dRes
moxele bermans, karetins, vasaZes daswames aseTi ufaso depeSis gag­
zavna da... samsaxuridan daiTxoves, magram iZulebuli Seiqnen isev
ukan daebrunebiaT. iciT ratom, imitom rom kavSirma daiWira so­
cial-demokrati mefareiSvili, romelmac foTis saraiono komitets
moswera, rom ar gamoegzavnaT delegati raionis warmomadgenelTa
yrilobaze. foTSi raionis komiteti social-demokratebis xelSia.
daiWires mefareiSvili da radganac is veRar gaagdes samsaxuridan,
is pirvelnic ukan miiRes. (xmebi – Tqven naxeT es?) batonebo, me amer­
ikac ar minaxavs, magram vici, iq ra xdeba da Tqven Tqvens cxvirs iqiT
verafers xedavT.
axla, batonebo, imis magaliTi, Tu TiTon olqis ufrosi rogor
arRvevs ministris gankargulebas da rogor ufaso depeSebs gza­
vnis sruliad kerZo saqmeze. aris imisi magaliTic, rodesac olqis
ufrosi Tavisi piradi saqmis gamo ramodenime saaTobiT laparakobs
pirdapiri mavTuliT da am dros aCerebs mTels rigs sadgurebs, ma­
gram radganac ar minda imis Tqma, ra saqmeze laparakobda b. mgelaZe,
amas aRar davasaxeleb. akeTis f.-t. ganyofilebis gamges miqaZes uTx­
ovnia olqis ufrosisaTvis Tavis sofelSi gadayvana. b. mgelaZe da­
pirebia, magram vinme mRvdels SaraSiZes uCivlia, rom miqaZes Cemi
vali hmarTebso da sanam ar gadaixdis, ar gadaiyvanoTo. igi nacnobi
yofila b. mgelaZisa da mgelaZe ufaso depeSas swers: „winadadebas ga­
ZlevT dauyovnebliv moiSoroT valebi da mere dagniSnavT samiqaoSi
ganyofilebis ufrosad, jer ki iTvlebiT gamgeT“. agreTve igi swers
meore depeSas miqaZes, asli mRvdels SaraSiZes da komisars: „ufaso
telegramiT macnobeT, moiSora Tu ara kerZo valebi fos.-tel. gamgem
miqaZem da xom araferi damabrkolebeli mizezebia mis sxva adgilze
gadayvanaze“. miqaZe upasuxebs, rom mas aravisi vali ara marTebs da
mRvdeli naSuamavlo gasamrjelos medavebao. mRvdeli depeSiT kidev
atyobinebs b. mgelaZes, miqaZem ar damakmayofilao.
komisari ki imdenad Segnebuli gamodga, rom swers: „SaraSiZesa
da miqaZes Soris aRmocenebuli uTanxmoeba srulebiT kerZo xasiaT­
isaa da mis samsaxurs ar Seexeba, im intrigaSi miqaZis danaSaulobas
ar vxedav da Tu rame valebi aqvT, es sasamarTlos saqmea. am saqmeSi
ar iqneba Tqveni Careva samarTliani Cemi SexedulobiT. gadayvanaze
damabrkolebeli mizezi araviTari ar ariso“. (b. noe ramiSvili – es
wvrilmanebia!) diaR, batono ministro, es wvrilmanebia, magram amaSi
moCans mTeli Tqveni sistema, rogorc erTs wveTs wyalSi mTeli samya­

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ro, ai amaebs ebrZvis, amisTvis ibrZvis profesionaluri kavSiri da
is jgufi moxeleebisa, romelTac Tqven swamebT TiTqos isini Zirs uT­
xridnen respublikas.
radgan cota dro damrCa Tavs davanebeb sxva magaliTebs, SeiZle­
ba kidev rodesme visargeblo isini da axla ki ukanasknels momentze
gadaval. ai batonebo, imitom, rom ase eqceviT moxeleebs, ase aRiz­
ianebT maT, ase manqanebad aqcevT maT da maTSi ar afasebT adamians da
moqalaqis pirovnebas, isinic aRar mogiTmenen, rodesac maTs saWiroe­
bas ver daakmayofilebT, gaificebian da gansacdelSi Caagdeben res­
publikas.
arc Cven, damfuZnebeli krebis wevrni, arc ministri ar aris kompe­
tenturi im specialurs da texnikurs sakiTxSi, rogorcaa f.-tel. da
amitom meti saSualeba unda hqondeT muSa-mosamsaxureebs Taosnobisa,
warmoebis win wawevisa. maSin isini Tavis suls da guls Casdeben masSi,
es saqmes gaaumjobesebs, Semosavalic gadiddeba da aRar dagWirde­
baT mudam tarifebis gadideba deficitis dasafaravad da jamagire­
bisTvis. (xmebi – e. i. imaT unda gadaeces warmoeba?!) ara batonebo,
ase Sors jer-jerobiT ar mivdivarT. is, rasac me mogaxsenebT, aris
ukanaskneli da axali mimdinareoba saxelmwifos xalxosnurs niadag­
ze dasayeneblad da rac xdeba CvenSi, es ki Zveli biurokratizmia.
(b. geleiSvili – nu imeorebT, rogor ara grcxveniaT?) Tqve dalocvi­
lo, Tqven qmnis ara grcxveniaT da me Tqmis unda mrcxvenodes?!
batonebo, rodesac dRevandeli TanaSemwe olqis ufrosisa iyo
centr. gamgeobis Tavmjdomare, igi im jgufTan erTad da im pirebTan,
romelnic Tqven respublikis mtrebad migaCniaT, TavgamodebiT ica­
vda prof. kavSiris uflebebs da ebrZoda b. mgelaZes. b. Salikiani
1918 wlis enkenisTvis 20-s swers olqis ufross: „17 am Tves gamgeo­
bam Tavis sxdomaze iqonia msjeloba imis Sesaxeb, rom am ukanasknels
dros mosamsaxureebis miReba da daTxovna zogierT SemTxvevaSi xde­
ba gamgeobis daukiTxavad da daadgina gacnoboT Tqven, rom mosamsa­
xureTa miReba unda xdebodes gamgeobis rekomendaciiT, daTxovna ki
misive dasturiT“.
gaficvis sakiTxic idga gamgeobis winaSe da iq b. Salikiani,
davlianiZe, meburiSvili da sx. soc.-demokr. momxreni iyvnen ultima­
tumi waredginaT mTavrobisaTvis, gaficuliyvnen. „mec im azrisa var,
rom daTmoba SeuZlebeliao“ ambobs b. Salikiani da ai am dros swored
isini, visac Tqven ebrZviT ai ras ambobdnen; dumbaZe socialist-fed­
eralisti ambobda: „gaficva sapasuxismgeblo saqmea. Cven unda vecad­
oT davwuroT jer yvela saSualebebio“ da winadadebas iZleva del­
egaciam dawvrilebiT gaacnos mTavrobas mdgomareoba, es aRniSnulia
gamgeobis oqmSi 14.
da yovelive amas, rodesac soc.-demokrati Salikiani da sx. am­
bobdnen, es ar iyo antisaxelmwifoebrivi da Tu amas ityvian soc.-fe­
deralistebi es respublikis Ziris gamoTxraa? sad aris aq loRika?

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 aseTi moTxovnileba maSin Salikians ar miaCnda administraciis
saqmeebSi Carevad, igi ambobs: „Zveli saolqo komiteti asrulebda
wminda administratiuls funqciebs... exlandeli kavSiri sdgas wmin­
da profesionalurs niadagze, romelmac dahyara administratiuli
iaraRi da gamodis uflebriv-ekonomiur da kulturul mdgomareobis
damcvelado“, es aRniSnulia oqmSi #9.
ase msjelobda Salikiani, roca is kavS. gamg. Tavmjdomare iyo, igi
ibrZoda da icavda prof. kavSiris interesebs, magram igi moxerxebulad
gadaagdes administraciaSi da axla TiTon ebrZvis soc.-demokratiuli
koleqtivis SemweobiT kavSirs da surT dascen misi prestiJi. gaficva
xom moRalateobad eTvleba kavSirs da im „inago misliaSCebs“, magram es
gaficva, romelic gamocxadda 17 am Tves da Tu moTxovnilebebi ar daak­
mayofila mTavrobam, isev daiwyeba aprilis 1-s, es gaficva moawyes TviT
soc.-dem. koleqtivebma da administraciam, rom aCvenon mosamsaxureebs,
rom kavSiris gareSec SeuZliaT maTi interesebis dacva.
ai, aqa maqvs depeSa xelmowerili olqis ufrosis TanaSemwis Salik­
ianisa da tfilisis raionis gamgeobis, romelic soc.-demokratebis
xelSia, Tavmjdomaris gaCeCilaZis mier. isini atyobineben mosamsax­
ureebs provinciaSi cirkuliarulad, rom erTi kviris ganmavloba­
Si dakmayofilebuli iqnebiTo. agredve gamoakres kavSiris gareSe
mowodebebi, rom moemzadon gaficvisTvis. ra ambavia es? ratom erevi­
an profes. kavSiris saqmeSi? imitom, rom TavianTi prestiJi aamaRlon
da moxeleni gadibiron.
ram miiyvana mosamsaxureni aqamde, rom administracia cdilobs
iniciativa TiTon aiRos da Seanelos ukmayofileba? es xdeba imi­
tom, rom Statebi dRevandlamde ver SeimuSava administraciam; jam­
agirebi mcirea da is 60 procenti momateba yvelam miiRo garda fos­
ta-telegrafisa. gvetyvian: saSualeba ara gvqondao. es saSualeba arc
sxva uwyebebSi iyo, magram droze miiReT zomebi da moiZebna, f.-tel. ki
ukanono Svilad migaCniaT.
Tavmjdomare. batono oratoro, Tqven oTxi wuTi dagrCaT.
dadiani. amnairad Tqven ara Tu gaficvis uflebas ar aZlevT mo­
samsaxureTa kavSirebs, gaz. „erTobaSi“, romlis uaxlobelesi Ta­
namSromelia b. niniZe, amas winad ewera, rom mosamsaxureebs ara aqvT
ufleba mTavrobas moTxovnileba warudginon, aramed unda TxovniT,
peticiiT mimarTono. es saxelmwifoebrivi TvalsazrisiT mavnebelia
da klasobrivi TvalsazrisiT miuRebelio. (k. niniZe: batono, ara var
„erTobis“ TanamSromeli!) maS Tqven ar iziarebT gaz. „erTobis“ am
Sexedulebas? esec kargia. b-ni Salikiani da sx. social-demokratebi
winad ar iziarebdnen am azrs „erTobisas“. (k. niniZe: es zRaprebia!) b.
niniZe, aris iseTi zRaprebi, romelnic sasargebloa iseTi politiku­
ri balRebisaTvis, rogorc Tqvena xarT.
Tavmjdomare. batono oratoro, (dadiani ganagrZobs). ukacravad,
b. oratoro, me vlaparakob da gTxovT momisminoT. unda mogaxsenoT,

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rom aq msjeloba aris fosta-telegrafis Statebze da ara niniZeze,
arc Salikianze da depeSepze. gTxovT sagans dauaxlovdeT.
s. dadiani. me Salikianze imitom mogaxsenebT, rom sainteresoa,
rogor icvlis kaci azrebs imisda mixedviT, Tu sada zis, romel skamze.
erTi dokumentic, batonebo! administracia rom Tavis pirda­
pirs daniSnulebas emsaxurebodes ukeTesi iqneba saqmisaTvis da aseTi
rameebic ar moxdeba. ai. me maqvs „fosta-telegrafis xma“ #2, sadac
aRniSnulia is SemTxveva, rom Turme mTeli vagoni qurdulad daut­
virTavT Cveni mavTulebiT da sxva satexniko masalebiT da SemTxveviT
moxeles dauWeria ukve sazRvramde mitanili. meti yuradReba rom yo­
filiyo, es ar moxdeboda da yovel SemTxvevaSi damnaSave mainc iqnebo­
da aRmoCenili.
agredve erTi didi sawyobi CaubarebiaT erTi kacisTvis sruliad
auwerlad da mTeli weliwadis ganmavlobaSiac ar auweriaT, ase rom,
ar aris araviTari garantia, garda kacis usazRvro patiosnebisa, rom
iqidan yvelafers ar gazidaven.
jer-jerobiT amiT gavaTaveb Cems sityvas.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis Sinagan-saqmeTa ministrs n. ramiS­
vils.
noe ramiSvili (Sin.-saqm. ministri). moqalaqeno, damfuZnebeli
krebis wevrno! is garemoeba, rom federalistTa partiis warmomad­
geneli arsebiTad ar Seexo am uwyebis moRvaweobas, naTlad amtkicebs
imas, rom amis Sesaxeb am partias saTqmeli araferi aqvs. amiT aixsneba
is garemoeba, rom am partiis oficialuri warmomadgeneli mxolod
wvrilman rameebs Seexo. me saWirod mimaCnia wvrilmani ganze gada­
vdva, amis Sesaxeb Cemi moxele mogaxsenebT da es sakiTxi aviyvano im
simaRleze, romelic aucileblad saWiroa am didi krebis Rirsebis
dasacavad. yvela, vinc ar aris partiuli JiniT Sepyrobili, erT rame­
Si aucileblad dameTanxmeba: am uwyebam gaakeTa is saxelmwifoebrivi
saqme, romlisTvisac mowodebuli iyo.
ra mdgomareobaSi miviReT es uwyeba Cven da ra mdgomareobaSi im­
yofeba is am Jamad?
Tqven albaT gaxsovT, rom revoliuciis Semdeg arev-dareva gan­
sakuTrebiT fosta-telegrafis uwyebas daetyo. es moxda imitom, rom
am uwyebis saTaveSi gansakuTrebuli politikuri mizniT Zveli TviT­
mpyrobelobis mier Cayenebuli iyo iseTi administracia, romelic
mTeli Tavisi moqmedebiT qmniden iseT atmosferas, rodesac namdvili
saqmis gakeTeba yovlad SeuZlebeli xdeboda. swored am arev-darevis
mosaspobad, roca revoliucia daiwyo, gagzavnil iqmna gansakuTre­
buli uflebiT aRWurvili piri. aseTi piri iyo komisari. Tqven kar­
gad mogexsenebaT, moqalaqeno, rom revoliuciis pirvel xanebSi yvela
dargebSi Seiqmna adgilobrivi komitetebi, romelnic TviT Caudgen
saqmes saTaveSi da aseT pirobebSi fostis uwyebaSi Seiqmna aseTi md­
gomareoba: erTis mxriT mTavroba, Tundac nominaluri uflebiT,

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meores mxriT adgilobrivi komitetebi da mesame mxriT gansakuTre­
buli uflebiT aRWurvili komisari da me vambob, am pirobebSi – yve­
lasaTvis cxadi unda iyos, roca arsebobs sami uflebis matarebeli,
me vambob aseT pirobebSi Zneli iyo normaluri muSaobis warmoeba. da
ai, mxolod TandaTanobiT Cven mogveca saSualeba im arev-darevisaT­
vis, romelic iq iyo gamefebuli, roca gansakuTrebiT moxda bolSe­
vikTa gadatrialeba ruseTSi, roca jer amierkavkasiis respublika
gamocxadda da Semdeg saqarTvelo moswyda ruseTs, am arev-darevi­
saTvis bolo mogveRo da dagvemyarebina iseTi wesi, romelic Seef­
ereboda revoliucionur demokratias. da swored rom am uwyebaSi
– Tavdapirvelad mravalni iyvnen iseTi pirni, romelnic am warmoe­
bis interesebs aferxebden da xels uSliden mis saqmianobas nebsiT
Tu uneblieT. da me Tqven mogiyvanT saamisod mraval faqtebs. samsax­
urSi miRebul iqmna xuTasamde axali mosamsaxure. da es moxda maSin,
roca faqtiurad samuSao Semcirda, gansakuTebiT mas Semdeg, rac Cven
movwydiT ruseTs.
me ar Seudgebi imis Sefasebas Tu riT iyo gamowveuli es, magram
miRebuli iyo dadgenileba, rom mosamsaxureni gadayvanil da Sej­
gufebul iqnan TavianT soflebisa da qalaqebis dawesebulebaSi, ris
gamo bevr adgilas samjer meti iyo mosamsaxure, vidre amas moiT­
xovda saqmis interesebi, zogan ki saWiro kontingentis naxevaric ar
moipoveboda.
pirvel xanebSi, roca politikur partiebs didi gavlena hqon­
daT marTva-gamgeobis saqmeebze, bevri iyo SemTxvevebi, roca mTvar­
obis gankarguleba, depeSiT gadacemuli, Tu romelime partiisaTvis
ar iyo xelsayreli an imaTTvis raime mniSvneloba hqonda partiuli
TvalsazrisiT, pirvelad xSirad am partiebs ecnobodaT xolme. da
amiT sargeblobden maSin partiebi. magaliTad daSnakelebi, bolSe­
vikebi, musavatelebi da sxv. amgvari magaliTebi bevria, romelic mow­
moben imas, rom saqme marTlac areul-dareuli iyo. faqtiurad mas
Semdeg, rac gamocxadda saqarTvelos damoukidebloba, Cven SeudeqiT
am saqmis mogvarebas da me mokled mogaxsenebT Tu am xnis ganmavlobaSi
ra gakeTebula, romelzedac aq ar laparakobda da verc Semdeg ilapa­
rakebs deputati dadiani da verc sxva romelime warmomadgeneli
soc.-federalistTa partiisa. ai, batonebo! pirvel-yovlisa saWiro
iyo Statis Semcireba. amas gvikarnaxebda ori garemoeba: jer erTi, ma­
Sin iyo zedmeti xalxi uwyebaSi da meorec, vinaidan Cven CamovcildiT
ruseTs, saqmianoba metad Semcirda da amitom saWiro iyo Statis Sem­
cireba. amave dros aucilebeli Seiqna iseT mosamsaxureTa gandevna,
romelnic ar idgen Cveni damoukideblobis niadagze, piriqiT ebrZo­
den Cven damoukideblobas. aq aris laparaki mxolod iseT pirebze,
romelnic ibrZoden Cveni respublikis winaaRmdeg da es marTlac Ses­
rulebul iqna da am xnis ganmavlobaSi gandevnil da daTxovnil iqna
994 moxele. mas Semdeg, rac Seiqna Cveni respublika, miuxedavad imisa,

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rom Cven texnikuri ZalebiT Zlier Raribni viyaviT, Cven saWirod CavT­
valeT, rom gaerovneba ueWvelad unda momxdariyo uwyebaSi, Tundac
TandaTanobiT. da es Sesrulda. am ukanasknel xanebSi Cven movaxdineT
telef. nacionalizacia, Tumca jer kidev emCneva, rom saWiroa bevri
dro, rom es saqme keTilad iqmnes damTavrebuli. Semdeg me unda mogax­
senoT, rom mosamsaxureni Zlier uswor-masworod iyvnen ganawile­
bulni sxva da sxva dawesebulebaTa Soris. iyo iseTi dawesebuleba, sa­
dac bevrad meti mosamsaxureni iyvnen, vinem es saWiro iyo da piriqiT,
zogan, gansakuTrebiT Statis Semcirebis Semdeg, roca mas zed daer­
To gaerovnebac, iyo iseTi SemTxvevebi, roca zogierT dawesebuleba­
Si Zlier mcire mosamsaxureni iTvlebodnen. saWiro iyo gadajgufeba,
axal pirobebTan da axal StatTan SefardebiT. dRes es saqme mogva­
rebulia da am Jamad igi savsebiT damTavrebulia. Semdeg Tqven mogex­
senebaT, moqalaqeno, es uwyeba – telefonisa da telegra­fis uwyeba
metis-metad saTuTsa da naz aparats warmoadgens. is yovel weliwad­
Si moiTxovs msubuq SekeTebas da 3-4 w. ganmavlobaSi ki aucilebelia
misi radikaluri SekeTeba, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi is muSaobas ver
ganagrZobs. mas Semdeg, rac Cven xeli movkideT am saqmes, respublika­
Si erT da imave dros sammarTvelo Seudga qselis radikalurad Se­
keTebas da daamTavra is erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi da dRes is wesierad
muSaobs, Tu mxedvelobaSi ar miviRebT im garemoebas, rom zogierTi
texnikuri masalis mixedviT Cven ganvicdidiT did naklebobas. Sem­
deg, Tanaxmad saqarTvelos parlamentis dadgenilebisa Cven Seude­
qiT telefonis da f.-telegrafis qselis gadidebas da gafarToebas.
am mxriT saWirod mimaCnia ganvacxado Semdegi: Cveni damoukideblo­
bis gamocxadebisas saqarTveloSi arsebobda 99 fosta-telegrafis
dawesebuleba, 2 saqalaqTaSoriso telefonis punqtebi da arc erTi
sasoflo telefoni. tfilisis telefonis qselze iricxeboda 1800
abonenti; saqalaqTaSoriso telefonis da telegrafis nambTa saer­
To sigrZe adioda 6500 versamde. dRes arsebobs 153 fosta-telegr.
dawesebuleba, 19 saqalaqTaSoriso telefonis punqtebi, 200-ze meti
saerobo telefoni, 25-mde centrali saerobo telefonis sadgure­
bi, tfilisis telefonis qselze aris 2300-dis abonenti, quTaisSi da
gorSi ewyoba qalaqis saxazino telefonis qselebi; telegrafis da
telefonis nambTa saerTo sigrZe adis 10 aTas versamde. amnairad da­
moukideblobis gamocxadebis dRidgan gaxsnila 54 axali f.-t. dawe­
sebuleba, 17 saqalaqTaSoriso punqti, 23 sasoflo (saerobo) centra­
luri sadguri, 200 saerobo da 500 saqalaqo telefoni da gaiba 3500
versamde axali nambi.
Semdeg me saWirod mimaCnia aq ganvacxado, rom sammarTvelosTan
arsebuli patara saxelosno dRes gadakeTebulia centralur saxe­
losnoT, romelic miznad isaxavs momavalSi yvela saWiro sagnebis
axlad momzadebas. Semdeg im arev-darevis dros, romelic Seiqna gan­
sakuTrebiT mas Semdeg, rac amier-kavkasia da saqarTvelo moswydnen

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ruseTs, Tqven kargad iciT, rom saerTod wesieri gadazidva fostisa
da depeSisa, Tu savsebiT ar moispo, sagrZnoblad mainc Semcirda da
am mxriv me saWirod mimaCnia mogaxsenoT ra mdgomareobaSia dRes es
saqme. yovelgvari korespondenciis saSualo dRiuri gacvla-gamocv­
la 1919 w. ianvarSi udrida 27,288 cals, sul mTeli wlis ganmavloba­
Si gacvlila 17,578,488 cali, xolo saSualoT dReSi gacvlila 48,133.
xolo TiTo sulze – 7-8 cali. da es im dros, roca 1913 wels, rodesac
yovel mxriv normaluri mdgomareoba iyo, roca ekonomiuri cxovreba
mowesrigebuli iyo da roca arsebobda, sxvaTa Soris, gacvla-gamoc­
vla ara amier-kavkasiis farglebSi, rogorc dRes, aramed ruseTTanac
da sazRvar-gareTac, maSin gacvla-gamocvla aRwevda Semdeg jams:
mTels amier-kavkasiaSi gacvla mTel wels 31,443,062. saSualo dReSi
86,142, xolo sulze 4–5 cali. Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi, rom Cveni
respublika kulturulad ufro maRla sdgas da Tu ar daiviwyebT
imas, rom gacvla-gamocvla arsebobs mxolod baTumsa da baqos So­
ris, am mxriT savsebiT unda darwmundeT imaSi, rom gacilebiT ukeTes
pirobebSi vimyofebiT dRes, vinem viyaviT omis gamocxadebamde.
ai, batonebo, is, rac me am mxriv TqvenTvis unda momexsenebina. me
ar mikvirs mas Semdeg, rac me gavecani soc.-federalistebis partiis
gamosvlebs am did dawesebulebaSi, ar mikvirs, rom am umTavres sa­
ganze arafers amboben, aramed gamodian wvrilmanebze, romelzedac
ufro vrclad Cemi moxele mogaxsenebT, laparakoben. (baraTaSvili:
amis ufleba ar aqvs moxeles?). Tu ar aqvs, reglamentSi moikiTxeT. me
saWirod mimaCnia ganvacxado, rom umTavresi, razedac aq iyo miqceuli
yuradReba, iyo Semdegi: arsebobs partiuli devna, devna rogorc „ina­
komisliaSCebis“, rom aseTi braldeba Tqvens winaSe iyo wamosrolili
iseT partiis warmomadgenlis mier, romelic xSirad gamodis aseTi
braldebebiT da agreTve ar iyos Cabmuli saxelmwifos aRmSeneblobis
saqmeSi, rogorc federalistTa fraqcia, Tundac damoukideblobis
gamocxadebis pirvel xanebSi, es savsebiT gasagebi iqneboda. Tqven kar­
gad iciT, rom Cven miviReT federalistebisagan memkvidreoba – es iyo
saxalxo ganaTlebis uwyeba, unda mogaxsenoT, rom me erTxelac ar gan­
mizraxavs iq raime cvlileba momexdina. Tumca is moxeleebi, romel­
nic arian iq pirvel dReebSi darwmunebuli iyvnen, rom Cven iq movax­
dendiT raime cvlilebas. da iciT raze iyo aSenebuli es azri?.. isini
fiqrobden, Cvenc iseTsave politikas vawarmoebT, rogorsac zogi­
erTi s.-federalistebi awarmoeben, Cemi uwyebis moxeleni ra mimar­
Tulebis arian me ar gamigia da es me miznaT arasodes ar damisaxavs.
(Rlonti: Zalian kargaT iciT!). Rlonts hgonia yvela Rlontur nabijs
gadadgams – me ki vlaparakob, rogorc Sinagan-saqmeTa ministri. ori
uwyebis warmomadgeneli gaxlavar, sxva ramdenime uwyebaSiac viyavi,
viyavi garaSe-saqmeTa saministroSi, rodis iyo, rom raime partiuli
Segvetana romelime uwyebaSi? erTxelac ar damisaxavs miznad gamego
ra partiul Tvalsazrisze dganan is pirebi, romelnic dagvxvda sax­

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alxo ganaTlebis saministroSi, Tumca boroti enebi laparakoben iq
yvela federalistebi ariano. iq arc erTi kaci ar iyo daTxovnili.
veravin ver ityvis, rom me mimeqcios yuradReba am saqmisaTvis, imitom,
rom es sistema Seefereba samson dadians, Seefereba eserebis partias,
romelic jer gaRlontebis gzas daadga, exla gadadianebis gzas adg­
ia, magram es erTxelac miznad ar damisaxavs. amis Semdeg Tavis Tavad
aSkaraa, ra „inakomisliaSCebze“ aris aq laparaki. me unda mogaxsenoT,
mTel rig gamosvlebSi, romelsac adgili hqonda dadianis mier, erTad
erTi faqti aris marTali. es marTlac iyo, roca CemTan movidnen mox­
eleTa warmomadgenelni, movidnen ise, rogorc saerTod vRebulobT
yvela delegatebs. me viReb delegacias daniSnul da ara daniSnul
drosac, xSirad saxlSic. raSi gamoixata sxvanairi miReba? me vambob,
miviReT ise, rogorc Seefereba Sinagan-saqmeTa sainistros mdgo­
mareobas, rogorc Rirsni arian moxeleni, rogorc modian ufrosTan
am mxriv vaqcev yuradRebas. moqalaqeno, am dros moxda erTi inci­
denti, romelic sisworiT gadmogcaT b-nma dadianma. es erTad erTi
Secdoma iyo simarTlisaken mimarTuli. (niniZe: SemTxveviT mouvida!)
iyven erTis mxriv b. mgelaZe, surgulaZe, romelTac (Rlonti awyvet­
inebs: magasac sxvanairad gamoiyeneb?) me ar mWiria is, rac sWirdeba
Tedo Rlonts. (dadiani: mag Wkua xom sWiria Rlonts?) eg marTalia,
Rlonts Wkua sWiria da Tqvenc gWiriaT, b. dadiano (saerTo sicili).
rasakvirvelia, Znelia laparaki zogi opoziciis zogierTi warmo­
madgenelTan, gansakuTrebiT kamaTi. unda mogaxsenoT, erTi „Secdoma“
iyo marTlac. iq im dros imyofeboda Cemi moxele administratori er­
Tis mxriv da meores mxriv gamgeobis warmomadgeneli. maSin marTlac
mgelaZem sTqva: „Дѣйствительно невозможно здѣсь держать инакомыслящихъ“.
me uTxari: „Cven Soris saerTod „inakomisliaSCebi“ ar arian, vinaidan
vici, rom yvela isini dganan saxelmwifoebriv Tvalsazrisze, rac Se­
exeba danarCens, yvela es Cven ar gvexeba da unda mogaxsenoT arasodes
moxeleebisaTvis sxva ram ar mogviTxovia. Semdeg gancxadeba iyo, rom
Salikiani moxerxebuli kacia da roca undoda, muSaTa profesion­
alur kavSiris dacvis poziciaze idga. me saWirod mimaCnia ganvacxa­
do, rom Tu Salikiani administratorad dainiSna, es moxda Tanaxmad
fosta-telegrafis moxeleTa winadadebiT. amis winaaRmdeg viyaviT,
magram es moxda, mas Semdeg, roca davrwmundiT, rom am gziT maTlac
SeiZleba zogierTi uswor-masworobis gamosworeba.
yvelaferi is, rac am uwyebaSi datrialda, aris gamowveuli par­
tiuli JinianobiT, magram amas meTaurobs ara saministro, an uwyeba.
damf. krebis wevrni dResac darwmunebulni arian Tu ra amoqmedebs
b-n dadians.
b. dadianis pozicia erTi jgufis mier aris gatarebuli, romel­
ic samwuxarod dgeba ara saxelmwifoebriv, aramed partiul niadag­
ze. amas vebrZodiT da dResac vebrZviT. mowodebis Sesaxeb me ar vici,
romeli mowodeba iyo adre gamocemuli (dadiani: romelic me wavi­

85
kiTxe!) es wvrilmani saqmeebi Tqven kargaT gaqvT Seswavlili, radgan
Tqven didi saqmeebisaTvis ar gcaliaT. deputats aqvs didi saqme da
rodesac is aq gamodis, umTavres saqmeebs unda akeTebdes. ai b-no es
mowodeba: vin icavs marTlac interesebs? ai swored damfuZ. krebas
eqneba saSualeba gaecnos... CemTan gamocxadden axalgazdebi. me main­
teresebs calke pirovneba. magram im gamgeobas, romelsac icavs da­
diani (dadiani: me vicav prof. kavSirs!) Tqven icavT ara Tu profe­
sionalur kavSirs, am simaRleze ver amaRldebiT, icavT rogorc
federalistebs. Tqven ver naxavT maT Soris iseT pirebs, romelTac
raime moRvaweoba miuZRodeT, ver naxavT Zvel revoliucionerebs. aq
im amxanagebTa Soris, romelTac Tqven uwodebT karieristebs, Semi­
Zlia mTeli rigi dagisaxeloT, romelnic gadasaxlebulni iyvnen Cem­
Tan erTad. me ar minda, rodesac karieraze aris aq laparaki... (mesxiS­
vili: yoveli kariera ekuTvnis soc.-dem. partiis wevrs!) ai ras werda
„kavSiris mTlianobis jgufi“ anu s.-federalistTa partiis momxre­
Ta jgufi: „Tqven mogexsenebaT, amxanagebo, moRvaweoba Cvens uwyeba­
Si mokalaTebul, aw ukve istoriulad cnobil 13 piriso, romelnic
Tavis Tavs, Cveni gulubryvilo amxanagebis Tvalis asaxvevad da Sec­
domaSi Sesayvanad, social-demokratebs – menSevikebs uwodeben, iTv­
lebian f. t. menSevikTa meore koleqtivis wevrebad, namdvilad ki maT
socialistobis araferi scxiaT da arian Cinovnik-karieristebi, Cve­
ni pirovnebis da adamianuri uflebebis Semlaxvel-damamcirebelTa
erTguli laqiebi, maTi jaSuS-agentebi... moswrebia gana vinme odesme,
Savbnel reaqciis drosac ki, imden usamarTlobas da mosamsaxureTa
damcirebas, ramdensac dRes aqvs adgili Cvens uwyebaSi am vaJbatonTa
wyalobiT. maT dammonebels frTebi Seasxes, zurgi gaumagres da isic
daTareSobs amayad, laRad. poxvisnevis mefuri gankargulebebi zo­
gis amaRlebisa da zogis damcirebis Sesaxeb, aCrdilia mgelaZis Tamam
usamarTlo gankargulebebTan SedarebiT...“ (Rlonti: nu RelavT!) me
Rlonti ara var, rom avRelde. ai batonebo, me ar vici vin daswera
(xmebi: „saxalxo saqmis“ stilia!) me vimeoreb, rom es gamosvla ar mom­
wons da viRebT zomebs, rom SemdegSi marTlac mTeli uwyebis aseT da­
mamcirebels gamosvlebs arc erTi mxridan adgili ar qondes. erTis
gancxadeba, sa­Wirod mimaCnia: uwyeba arasodes ar gamodis partiulis
TvalsazrisiT, amas amtkicebs is muSaoba, romelic winaaRmdeg Tqve­
ni cdisa, weliwad naxevarSi Seasrules, me vambob winaaRmdeg Tqveni
cdisa, vinaidan Tqven uSlidiT xels.
axla oriode sityva profesionaluri kaSiris uflebaTa Sesaxeb.
aq laparakobden rekomendaciis uflebis Sesaxeb.
me unda mogaxsenoT, rom arc me var rekomendaciis winaaRmdegi.
amas Cven mxedvelobaSi miviRebT, magram rekomendacia aris Tu ara,
mag. is, rom – ai Tavmjdomare profesionalur kavSirisa aseT depeSas
aZlevs erT pirs – SavguliZes, SekiTxva xobSi igzavneba: „xobSi. gany­
ofilebis ufross, macnobeT surs Tu ara moxele lifanavas iqnes dan­

86
iSnuli ganyofilebis ufrosad lixaurSi“. gamgeobis Tavmjdomare
farcxalaZe. aseTia es depeSa da es aris rekomendacia?
Semdeg meore depeSa igzavneba zugdidSi: „zugdidi. fostis
aTisTavs. SeekiTxeT moxele wulaias, surs Tu ara daniSnul iqnes gan­
yofilebis ufrosad lixaurSi. Sedegi macnobeT depeSiT“. gamgeobis
Tavmjdomare farcxalaZe. albaT esec rekomendaciaa. (dadiani: mogax­
senebT, batono. mogaxsenebT!) rasakvirvelia, Tqven, batono dadiano,
im meore saaTs, romelsac baraTaSvili dagiTmobT moandomebT imas,
rom aseTi faqtebi moiyvanoT. (dadiani: diax, vecdebi!) erT kreba­
ze me mqonda saSualeba ganmecxadebia, rom am organizaciis, „fos­
ta-telegrafis kavSiris gancxadebas ai ra mizani aqvs: (kiTxulobs
Jurnal „fosta-telegrafis xmidan“ Semdeg adgils):
„am mxriv meore yrilobas didi mniSvneloba aqvs da man kidevac
unda gaamarTlos imedebi. upirvelesi misi movaleobaa: mospos kav­
SirSi partiuli kinklaoba, daudvas kavSirs safuZvlad wesdeba
iseTi, romlis saSualebiT aRdgenil iqneba misi uflebebi, e. i. mu­
Sa-mosamsaxureTa miReba, daTxovna, gadayvana, aRmateba Tu damcireba
umTavresad unda ekiTxebodes kavSirs, rasakvirvelia, amaSi miiRebs
monawileobas sammarTvelos administracia imdenad, ramdenadac es
samsaxuris wesierad dayenebisaTvis saWiroa.
am mizniT unda daidvas administraciasTan koleqtiuri xelSek­
ruleba, sadac mtkiced unda iyos gansazRvruli administraciis da
organizaciis uflebebi. yrilobam kavSirs unda mianiWos ufleba ad­
ministraciis kontrolisa, masve unda hqondes ufleba mosTxovos ad­
ministracias uvargis administratorTa gadayeneba“.
erTi sityviT, mizani aris swored is, rasac komunisturi ruseTi
awarmoebs dRes. iq gadasces sxva da sxva warmoeba am dargis muSebs da
maT gaanadgures da arev-dareva Seitanes mTel warmoebaSi. rkinis gza
ar arsebobs, fosta-telegrafi moispo da mxolod radioTi sarge­
bloben. rasakvirvelia, b. Rlonti mudam eloliaveboda aseT anarqis­
tul elementebs da es alersianoba b. Rlontisa izrdeba gansakuTre­
biT maSin, roca isini moaxloebulni arian da unda ganvacxado, rom am
SemTxvevaSi Cven isev mtkiced vdgevarT Cven nacad poziciaze da dar­
wmunebuli var, rom is JRaruni ara jarisa, aramed anarqiul talRi­
sa, romelic CrdiloeTidan daiZvreba, moawydeba kavkasiis qedsa da iq
dalevs suls, xolo Cveni demokratiuli respublika iseve mtkiced da
magrad iqneba, rogorc dRes, miuxedavad imisa, rom anarqiuli tal­
Ris moaxloveba aq partiul kinklaobisTvis gamoiyenes. (taSi).
Tavmjdomare. ministris davalebiT sityva ekuTvnis b. mgelaZes,
fosta-telegrafis olqis ufross, magram damfuZnebeli krebis wevri
b. baraTaSvili migviTiTebs im garemoebaze, rom TiTqos Cven varRvevT
reglaments, amitom reglamentis darRvevis Sesaxeb sityva mas eZleva.
i. baraTaSvili. (s.-f.) b. mgelaZe gaxlavT moxele, fosta-telegraf­
is ufrosi; sityva reglamentis ZaliT aqvs mTavrobis wevrs – es

87
pirdapir aris naTqvami reglamentSi, saxeldobr 37 muxlSi. sazoga­
dod reglamentis 34 muxlSi aris aRniSnuli wesi sityvis micemisa.
garda amisa, pasuxis mgebelni arian ministrebi da ara moxeleni, Cveni
kritika aq Seexeba mxolod mTavrobas, mxolod mTavroba aris Cvens
winaSe pasuxismgebeli, man unda icodes dawvrilebiT saqmis viTare­
ba da yoveli moxelis moqmedebisaTvis man unda agos pasuxi, da ara
TviT moxelem. Tu Tqven moxeles miscemT sityvas, ara Tu reglaments
daarRvevT, aramed konstituciis wessac. Cven ver SevqmniT iseT prec­
edents, rom yoveli moxeles hqondes ufleba gamovides damfuZnebel
krebaSi da ilaparakos, roca mis sityvas politikuri mniSvneloba
ara aqvs. aq, rom gamodis mTavrobis warmomadgeneli, igi sazogadod
exeba dayenebul kiTxvas, is pasuxismgebelia politikurad, xolo mox­
elis gamosvlas aseTi xasiaTi ara aqvs.
Tavmjdomare. ukacravad b. oratoro, Tqven daasaxeleT reglamen­
tis romeli muxli davarRvieT Cven. ganmarteba aq zedmeti gaxlavT.
Tqven reglamentis darRvevisaTvis aiReT sityva – keTil inebeT da
gviTxariT romeli muxli aris darRveuli.
baraTaSvili. b. Tavmjdomare moiTxovs da me vemorCilebi, me mgo­
nia 37 muxli, sadac naTqvamia, rom sityva rigs gareSe miecema mTav­
robis wevrs da ara moxeles. SeuZlebelia aseTi precedenti SevqmnaT.
aseTi SemTxveva aris aq, rom departamentis ufross eZleva sityva da
moxeles es ufleba ar hqonia. Cemi azriT es aris reglamentis darRve­
va. me ar var winaaRmdegi aq vinmem sityva warmosTqvas, magram wesebsa
da kanons Cven ver davarRvevT.
Tavmjdomare. prezidiumis saxeliT mogaxsenebT Semdeg ganmarte­
bas: am sakiTxSi, mieces Tu ara sityva respublikis fosta-telegrafis
ufross, prezidiumSi araviTari azrTa sxva da sxvaoba ar iyo. mTeli
prezidiumi im azris iyo, rom sityva mieces. Cven aseTi sabuTi gvqon­
da: rogorc iciT, departamentis direqtorze reglamentSi ar aris
naTqvami, rom mas sityvis ufleba aqvs damfuZnebel krebaSi. aseTi
uflebiT ki, mogexsenebaT, igi faqtiurad sargeblobs; departamentis
direqtori mTavrobis wevri ar aris. mas mTavrobis sxdomaze gadam­
Wreli xma ara aqvs, saTaTbiro xmiT eswreba mxolod. reglamentiT de­
partamentis direqtors ara aqvs akrZaluli gamovides ganmartebiT
damf. krebaSi. mogexsenebaT, rom b. WiWinaZe rogorc departamentis
direqtori gamosula Tqvens winaSe. fosta-telegrafis olqis ufro­
si prezidiumis azriT, faqtiurad igive direqtoria, Tumca for­
malurad ase ar aris, meore mosazreba mdgomareobs imaSi, rom bevri
iseTi faqtebi, Tumca maT wvrili faqtebi uwodes, iyo moyvanili aq,
romelic saerTo politikuri xazis gamSuqebeli ar aris, da ministr­
ma, romelic am xazis gamSuqebuli aris, SeiZleba ar icodes es faqte­
bi. maSin rodesac mTavari pasauxismgebelia administratori, – da ara
yofila moxele, rogorc b. baraTaSvili brZanebs, – am faqtebs mogi­
yvanT da gagacnobT; es gaxlavT metad mizanSewonili mdgomareobis

88
gamosarkvevad da es ori mosazreba hqonda mxedvelobaSi prezidiums,
rodesac gadawyvita sityva mieca fosta-telegrafis olqis ufrosi­
saTvis. aseTi gaxlavT Cveni ganmarteba. reglamentis ZaliT, amis Sem­
deg sityva aravis miecema da sityva ekuTvnis b. mgelaZes.
mgelaZe (fosta-telegrafis olqis ufrosi). Sinagan-saqmeTa min­
istris davalebiT pativi maqvs mogaxsenoT mokled imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra
mdgomareobaSi aris dRes fosta-telegrafis saqme da agreTve mogax­
senoT im kiTxvebis da braldebebis Sesaxeb, romelic aq wamoyenebu­
li iyo erTi deputatis mier. Cven rom SeZleba mogveces WeSmaritad
davafasoT mdgomareoba, romelSiac imyofeba fosta-telegrafis
saqme, saWiroa sul mokled gavixsenoT is warsuli, romelic hqonda am
dargs Cveni respublikisas. mogaxsenebT, batonebo, rom ngrevis dros
ufro metad fuWdeba saTuTi dargi, vidre Zlieri; aseT saTuT dargs
warmoadgens fosta-telegrafi da telefoni. da ar aris gasakvira­
li, rom ruseTSi da dasavleT evropaSi omis dros fosta-telegraf­
is saqme sruliad ganadgurda. mag. parizi ver elaparakeboda venas
da mTeli kvireebiT ideboda avstria-ungreTis sakiTxi imitom, rom
kavSiri am or saxelmwifoTa Soris gawyvetili iyo. xolo, rom iq
ukeT aris mowyobili fosta-telegrafi, vidre CvenSi, an ruseTSi es
Tavis-Tavad cxadia. roca Cveni damoukidebloba gamocxadda, SeiZle­
ba iTqvas, rom arc fosta-telegrafi da arc telefoni ar arsebob­
da. (Rlonti: yvela es Cven gavakeTeT?) rac gavakeTeT imas Tqven daa­
fasebT, magram ar miviwerT Cven Tavze imas, rac ar gagvikeTebia, da
dRemde, me mgonia, sircxvili ar gviWamia iq, sadac movaleobam esa Tu
is saqme dagvakisra. fostis zidva ruseTis teritoriaze srulebiT ar
arsebobda. yoveli traqti sdumda, radganac uwyebis gankargulebi­
saTvis araviTari saxsari da krediti ar iyo gacemuli, rogorc es
b-nma ministrma mogaxsenaT. araviTari wesi ar arsebobda – telefoni
iyo mxolod (kiTxulobs cifrs) da isic dRe da Ramis dauzogveli
muSaobis gamo dazianebuli iyo telefonis 80 proc. ai is rac aq iyo
damoukideblobis gamocxadebis dros da es sruliad ganadgurebu­
li, fosta-telegrafi unda gamosworebuliyo; amas undoda mowyobi­
loba da unda migveRo zomebi, rom arsebuli naklulevaneba Tavidan
mogvecilebia. amasTan erTad Cven gvqonda kuTxeebi soflad, sadac ar
iyo fosta-telegrafis ganyofileba gaxsnili da saWiro iyo am kuTx­
eebis deda-qalaqTan dakavSireba. amaSi bevri dabrkoleba gveRobebo­
da win. erTi pirobaTagani iyo is, rom Cven gvixdeboda muSaoba iseT
pirebTan, romelnic CvenTan ar iyvnen keTil-mezoblurad ganwyobil­
ni da ewinaaRmdegebodnen Cven damoukideblobas. aseT pirebisagan ma­
Sin fosta-telegrafis uwyeba savse iyo da vinaidan isini ar idgnen
im niadagze, romelsac saqarTvelos damoukideblobis dacva hqvia,
aucilebeli iyo maTi Tavidan moSoreba. amisTvis ki saWiro iyo dis­
ciplina da es disciplina maSin ar arsebobda, anarqia iyo gamefebuli.
arsebobda sam-uflebianoba: komisari normaluri uflebebiT aRWur­

89
vili, olqis ufrosi da centraluri komitetis Tavmjdomare. ai es
sami piri ganagebda maSin saqmes. iuridiulad ufrosi piri iyo olq­
is ufrosi, magram is, rogorc yrilobaze erTma moxelem kidevac ga­
nacxada, namdvilad magidis qveS iyo yovelTvis Camaluli da rodesac
saWiro iqneboda misi xelis mowera amoiyvanden iqidan da ise moawer­
inebden xelsao. es mdgomareoba ki ar SeiZleboda gagrZelebuliyo da
amitom miviReT zomebi am sam-uflebianobis mosaspobad. garda amisa
erTi garemoeba arsebobda kidev, romelic Zlier abrkolebda saqmis
saTanado mowyobas. es iyo is gaugebroba, romelic sufevda kavSirsa
da administraciis Soris. mTeli Zala-ufleba revoliuciis dros ka­
vSirs qonda xelSi, da amisTvis fiqrobda da dResac dar­wmunebulia
imaSi, rom es Zala-ufleba am Jamadac mas unda ekuTvnodes. da tyu­
ilaT ki ara swers oficialuri organo kavSirsa: „Cven unda davi­
brunoT yvela is uflebebi, romelic saolqo centralur komitets
qondao“. rogorc magaliTad administraciis wevrTa gadayeneba, kon­
trolis ufleba, daniSvna da sxva. es principialuri sakiTxia da amaze
me aq arafers mogaxsenebT. unda ganvacxado, rom sworeT am sakiTxma
gamoiwvia is incidenti, romlis Sesaxebac aq mogaxsenebdaT fraqciis
warmomadgeneli. is braldeba, romelic aq iyo wamoyenebuli deputat
dadianis mier, Tavis droze wamoyenebuli iyo fosta-telegrafis yri­
lobaze, roca iq profesionalur kavSiris Tavmjdomarem sTqva is, rac
aq b-nma deputatma ineba. iq me maSin Sesaferi pasuxi gaveci da rode­
sac mas aq xelmeoreT imeoreben, me saWirod mimaCnia mogaxsenoT Sem­
degi: pirvel-yovlisa me unda mogaxsenoT, rom mxolod soc.-federal­
istTa presaSi daiwyo beWdva werilebisa fosta-­telegrafis uwyebisa
da uwyebis administraciis wevrTa winaaRmdeg da amas awarmoebda b-ni
farcxalaZe, romelic axla Cven dawesebulebaSi aRar msaxurobs. da me
megona, rom erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi es piri ufro met sabuTebs mis­
cemda xelSi im deputats, romelic aq gamovida. yvelas SeuZlia, cxa­
dia, kritikis gakeTeba, magram Tu moiyvanen iseT faqtebs, romelTac
sinamdvilesTan araviTari kavSiri ara aqvs, aseTi kritika dauSvebe­
lia. pirvelyovlisa aq iyo wamoyenebuli Semdegi braldeba: TiTqos
am uwyebaSi pirovnebas amcireben, uwesoba aris gamefebuli, muSaoba
ferxdeba, nerviuloba arsebobs, partiul niadagze devna arsebobso
da sxva. me unda mogaxsenoT, rom ufleba SeiZleba darRveuli iqnes
iq, sadac meores mxriT irRveva movaleoba. es ki fosta-telegrafis
uwyebis nawilSi ar xdeba. iq im nawilSi ar aris Segnebuli asruleba
im movaleobisa, romelic maT adevsT da amitom xdeba saWiro miReba
im zomebisa, romelic aiZulebs maT Seignon es movaleoba. amiT ki Tu
am uwyebaSi saqme ferxdeba ra mogaxsenoT, es ar aris marTali, radga­
nac cnobebis mixedviT, romelic Tqven aq mogaxsenaT b-nma ministrma,
Tqven dainaxavdiT, rom saqme ki ar ferxdeba, aramed ukeTesdeba (Sen­
gelaia: maS sCans Segneba Tvisi movaleobisa yofila moxeleebSi!) da
saqme, rom ferxdebodes, maSin Cven teritoriaze fosta-telegraf­

90
is movaleoba ara Tu gaumjobesebeli iqneba, aramed Seswydeboda is
kavSiric, romelic Cven am ukanasknel dros daviWireT sxvadasxva
kuTxes Soris. mogexsenebaT, rom Cven gvaqvs kavSiri aderbeijanTan,
erivanTan, baTomTan da inglisis sardlobasTan, da ukanasknel dros
kavSiris aRdgeniT muSaoba daviwyeT baTomis saSualebiT evropasTan.
Cven korespodenciis gacvla-gamocvla gvaqvs. ase rom rac SeiZleboda
dRevandel pirobebSi gakeTebuliyo, gakeTda da am mxriv araviTari
Seferxeba saqmis muSaobaSi ar momxdara. arc nerviuloba aris Seqmni­
li. nerviulobs mxolod ramodenime piri, romelnic ara obieqturaT
acnoben saqmis mdgomareobas zogierTebs, romelnic Semdeg am nerv­
iulobaze laparakoben. araviTari devna partiul niadagze ar xde­
ba da me dResac ar vici, Tu ra partiisa arian Cveni moxeleni, es me
sruliadac ar mainteresebs da mgonia vinc mivida da uTxra b-n dadi­
ans es, isinic ki ver ityvian imas, TiTqos am niadagze uwyebaSi vinme
gadayenebuli yofiliyos. da Tu ki vinme gadaiyvanes erTi adgilidan
meoreSi da is gamodga federalistTa partiis wevri, gana amaSi damna­
Savea uwyeba an am uwyebis moxele? es xdeboda danaSaulis mixedviT da
Cven asec unda movqceuliyaviT, radgan danaSaulis Camdeni ueWvelad
unda daisajos. Cemis Rrma rwmeniT araviTari partiuli kinklaoba ar
unda iyos profesionalur kavSirSi. es iyo Cemi sityvis deda-­azri ma­
Sinac, roca baTomis moxeleebTan, muSebTan mqonda am sakiTxis Sesaxeb
laparaki. da veravin ver dagvwamebs, mas, rom, Cven sazogadoT gamgeo­
bam, administraciam – fosta-telegrafis uwyebisam SevitaneT parti­
uli kinklaoba profewsionalur kavSirSi.
Semdegi braldeba, romelic aq iyo wamosrolili, exeba egreT
wodebul „inakomisliaSCebs“. istoria am sityvis Semdegia. marTalia,
profesionalurma kavSirma gamouSva iseTi sazizRari furceli, amg­
vari furceli ki qmnida uwesoebas da uwyebaSi muSaobas aferxebda.
me vsTxove b-on Sinagan-saqmeTa ministrs daebarebina moxeleni, kav­
Siris wevrebi da erTnairi darigeba mieca maTTvis. es moaxdina minis­
trma. man dagvibara, rogorc Cven, ise profesionalur kavSiris war­
momadgenlebi da uTxra maT: – Tu aseTi ram kidev gagimeorebiaT, me
Tqven kategoriulad gicxadebT, rom arc erTi TqvenTagani ar iqneba
datovebuli samsaxurSio. Cemi „inakomisliaSCi“ iyo Semdegi: radga­
nac im furclis Sinaarsi ewinaaRmdegeboda am politikas, romelsac
awarmoebs saxelmwifo da misi organizaciis moxeleni da me vsTqvi iq,
sadac mTavrobis sawinaaRmdego politikas atareben, ar unda hqondes
adgili amnair moqmedebas. me vTqvi, vinc saxelmwifoebriv samsaxurSi
atarebs ara mTavrobis politikas, aramed ewinaaRmdegeba mas, is ar
unda darCes samsaxurSi da aq Cem mier iyo damatebuli sityvebi „in­
akomisliaSCi“ da „inakodelaiuSCis“. da amis im gvarad gamoyeneba,
TiTqos es „inakomisliaSCis“ vrceldeba imaTze, vinc erTi partiisa
da rwmenis ar aris, es me mgonia gadaWarbebuli aris. axla Salikianis
da berZeniSvilis Sesaxeb mogaxsenebT.

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 Salikiani gaxlavT centraluri komitetis Tavmjdomare da am
kav­Sirma airCia is Cem TanaSemweT; maSin berZeniSvili movida CemTan
da ganmicxada: Salikiani erTad-erTi kacia, romelic Cven avirCieT
Tqven TanaSemweT da gTxovT dauWiroT mis kandidaturas mxari b-n min­
istris winaSeo. me dadebiTi pasuxi miveci, man ki undobloba gamos­
Tqva: aq sxvas ambobT ministris kabinetSi ki sxvas ityviTo. me uTxari,
rac aq vsTqvi ministrsac masve vetyviTqo. Salikiani profesionalur
kavSiris mier iyo warmodgenili am administraciul postze. igi am
kavSiris sruli ndobiT iyo aRWurvili.
Semdeg aqve iyo Tqmuli, gamocdebi daniSnes da arc erTi ar CaW­
rilao. me maqvs aq lenti da Tu am lents specialisti gadasinjavs,
dainaxavs, rom 50 proc. iyo CaWrili, magram es gamocdebi imitom ki
ar dagviniSnavs, rom vinme CagveWra, gamogvegdo federalisti da
gadagveyenebina da sxva. 1914 wlidan fosta-telegrafSi moxvden ise­
Ti pirebi, romelTac nakleb momzadeba hqondaT am saqmisaTvis, maSin
Rebulobden yvelas, qals, kacs, miuxedavad imisa saTanado gamoc­
dileba, saTanado swavla qondaT maT Tu ara. am gamocdebma gamoaS­
karava, rom erTi qali iyo samsaxurSi mxolod, imitom, rom Txovna
Semoitana da saTanado gamocda ki ar Caubarebia da am gvarad Zneli
iyo muSaoba, da, rom saqme rigianad wagveyvana, rogorc amas saxelm­
wifos interesi moiTxovs, unda gagvego rogori elementebTan gvaqvs
saqme da simarTle unda mogaxsenoT ra Sedegebi mogvca am gamocdeb­
ma. maT Soris rac daviwyebuli qondaT moigones da rac Seswavlili
ar qondaT Seiswavles. am gamocdebis Semdeg depeSebis damaxinjeba,
ukanonoT saqmis warmoeba naklebaT aris, vinem wineT iyo. Tqves ga­
mocda dauniSnes 6-7 wlis samsaxurSi xalxsao. marTalia, gamocda
dauniSneT maTac vinc 7-8 weliwadi msaxurebs da ai rad. am uwyebaSi
rodesac jer kidev ar viyaviT CamoSorebuli ruseTs, maSin gamocdi­
li moxeleebi gvyavda, rodesac CamovscildiT ruseTs, maSin gamoc­
dili moxeleebi wavidnen samsaxuridan. Cven davrCiT Cveni patara Za­
lebiT da amisTvis Cven gvindoda Segveqmna imnairi mdgomareoba, rom
SegvZleboda erTi ganyofilebidan meoreSi gadmoyvana moxelis ise,
rom saqme ar gafuWebuliyo da amisTvis gvindoda SeeswavlaT saqme.
yvela moxelem unda icodes rogorc fostis saqme ise telegrafis. aq
iyo laparaki Semdeg sesxze. araviTari sesxi aravisTvis ar mimicia.
arc mivcemdi, vinaidan am saqmisTvis araviTari Tanxa ar momepove­
ba. rac Seexeba berZeniSvilTan incidents, unda mogaxsenoT Semdegi:
roca moxeleebi ganicdian gaWirvebul mdgomareobas, SeZlebisdag­
varad vcdilobT raime daxmareba gauwioT, gaugzavnoT puri, tansac­
meli, da sxva. Cven mogveca SemTxveva sasursaTo sabWodan migveRo
fqvili. radgan tfilisis moxeleni ukeTes mdgomareobaSi arian, vi­
nem provinciis moxeleni, amitom Cven ganvizraxeT provinciisaTvis am
fqvilis gagzavna da marTlac davekiTxeT sadgurebs, ramdeni fuTi
surs TiTeul sadgurs es fqvili.

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 me mgonia amis ufleba gvqonda, radganac amisTana SekiTxviT saqme
ar ferxdeba. b-nma berZeniSvilma sTqva: es savsebiT Tqveni saqme ar
aris, es kavSiris saqme ariso da es depeSa ar gadasca. marTlac es de­
peSa ar iyo gadacemuli. da berZeniSvilis mier Tqmuli, TiTqos Cven
fosta-telegrafis kavSirs gamovglijeT puri da mivawodeT mox­
eleebso, es sruliad ar Seefereba simarTles, radganac es fqvili
iyo miRebuli grigol soRorovidan da am soRorovs kavSirTan ara­
viTari kavSiri ar aqvs.
depeSebis damaxinjebis gamo xdeba dasja. es usaTuod ase unda
iyos. Tu es ase ar iqna, depeSebi marTlac ise damaxinjdeba, rogorc
amas Zvelad hqonda adgili. me mogaxsenebT magaliTs, romlisaTvisac
moxele daTxovnili iyo samsaxuridan. pirveli depeSa mimarTuli suf­
saSi (kiTxulobs). rodesac Svili mivida saxlSi, saxli gayiduli dax­
vda. is Svili movida CemTan da iTxovda im saxlis qiris anazRaurebas.
Tavis-Tavad cxadia, amgvar moxeles adgili ar unda hqondes uwyebaSi.
Tumca kavSiris gamgeobam ganacxada, es usamarTloba ariso, vinaidan
unda migveca samjer SeniSvna, e. i. unda migveca samjer ufleba ase­
Ti Secdoma Caedina da Semdeg dagveTxova. meore magaliTi (kiTxu­
lobs). es depeSa amnairad miuvida. Tavis-Tavad cxadia, vinc am depeSas
mohkida xeli, yvela daTxovnili iqna samsaxuridan. es Cven CagviTva­
les codvad. es rom ase ar moxdes, depeSebis damaxinjebas ar moeReba
bolo, yovelTvis eqneba amgvar damaxinjebas adgili.
Semdeg WiaTuraSi moxele me-5 xarisxidan Camoyenebuli iyo fos­
talionamde. es moxele 1916 welSi wasuliyo fostalionad da dabrun­
da me-5-e xarisxis moxeled da am xarisxiT iyo miRebuli samsaxurSi. es
xarisxi mas ar miuRia da Tavis-Tavad cxadia, darCa CamoqveiTebuli
im Tanamdebobaze, romelic mas ekuTvnoda. rodesac gamoirkva, rom
is am SemTxvevaSi damnaSave ar iyo, is aRdgenil iqmna Tavis uflebeb­
Si. amis damalva ar minda, SesaZlebelia iqmnes daSvebuli Secdomebi,
magram, rodesac es gamoirkveva maSinve gamoswordeba. gadaWarbebu­
li iqneba Tqma imisa, rom Secdomebi ar dauSvaT an bunebrivad ar iyos
daSvebuli.
aq iyo Tqmuli, rom soxumSi gadavisroleT im adgilebSi, sadac
SeuZlebelia moxeleebis samsaxuri. am depeSebis damaxinjebisaTvis
erTi moxele unda gagvegzavna soxumSi da rodesac gviTxres, soc.-dem.
nu gagzavniTo, is mainc iqna gagzavnili. rodesac aq pirovnebis Se­
laxvaze iyo laparaki, iyo dasaxelebuli omaniZe da iakovleva. unda
mogaxsenoT, rom omaniZem da Salikianma presis saSualebiT uari ga­
nacxades da Tu gnebavT saqme iyo SemdegSi. aseTi Cveulebaa: moxelee­
bi ar ukvirdebian da ar kiTxuloben imas, rac moaqvT xelmosawerad.
da iyo SemTxveva, rodesac varlamis magier varvara iyo dawerili,
e.i. gamodioda igive, rac karboCkam uqna CiCikovs – Елизавета-s magier
„Елизаветъ“. amisTvis marTlac Sesaferi SeniSvna miecemaT. rac Seexeba
laliaSvils, ukve mas Tve-naxevarSi ar gauSvia samsaxuridan is, vinc

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Tve-naxevris win daTxovnili iyo, rogorc wamsvleli Cveni respub­
likis teritoriidan. rodesac movida es moxele da moiTxova jama­
giri Tve-naxevrisa, me uTxari laliaSvils – risTvis ar iyo is daT­
xovnili, rodesac es saWiro iyo da vuTxari Sen mieci es Tve-naxevris
jamagiri-meTqi. Semdeg saqme gamokeTda. rac Seexeba iakovlevas saqmes,
me gaveci gankarguleba, rodesac moxeleebi modioden 10-11 saaTze 8
saaTis magier samsaxurSi, Tavis droze mosuliyvnen. miuxedavad amisa,
iakovleva ar mobrZanda da amitom iqmna daTxovnili.
aq laparaki iyo soxumis olqSi moxdenil reviziaze, rom iq iyo
Cadenili borotmoqmedeba. kategoriulad vacxadeb, rom araviTar
borotmoqmedebas adgili ar hqonia fosta-telegrafis uwyebaSi. iyo
iq ubralo formaluri Secdoma, romelic 24 saaTSi iyo gamoswore­
buli, roca fuli movida. aravin ar gadamiyenebia garda erTi kacisa,
romelsac dakarguli hqonda yovelgvari avtoriteti – SeuZlebeli
iyo misi samsaxurSi datoveba.
aq iyo laparaki Tu ratom uSliT moxeleebs koleqtiuri TxovniT
mogvmarTon. ar vici ra Txovnaa es koleqtiuri Txovna, madlobeli
viqnebi Tu igi wakiTxuli iqneba. magram me vfiqrob, es albaT Seexeba
samsaxurSi dabrunebas. Tu asea – kanoni moiTxovs moxeleebma cal-cal­
ke Semoitanon Txovna, radganac xuTi-eqvsi kacis miReba erTad Seu­
Zleblad xdeba, vinaidan erTi kacis Txovna calke saqmes Seadgens. amas
moiTxovs kontroli da es moTxovna Cven unda davakmayofiloT.
aq naTqvami iyo TiTqo f.-telegrafis kavSirs rekomendaciis
ufleba ar eZlevao. es ufleba, Cven gadaWriT vambobT, eZleodaT,
xolo roca SevniSneT, rom am rekomendaciis uflebiT kavSiri ar
sargeblobs ise, rogorc saWiroa, Cven ufro TavdaWerilni varT. aq
b. ministrma depeSa waikiTxa xonSi mimarTuli; aq sweria – wadi droe­
biT da mere dagibrunebo; amas swers gamgeobis Tavmjdomare. vsTqvaT
es kaci wavida – mere miswers kavSiri ukan dabrundio: aris Tu ara es
saRi rekomendacia, – me vfiqrob ara. me maqvs faqti, ar minda davasaxe­
lo, radgan albaT ityvian es partiuli niadagze aris aRmocenebulio.
Cven dauniSneT gamocdebi moxeleebs saxelmwifo enis codnaSi,
bevrma gamocda daiWira da samsaxurSi davtoveT, bevri ki iZule­
buli iyo wasuliyo da maT adgilas sxva moxeleni miviReT. kavSiris
gavleniT aq iseTi moxeleni iyvnen miRebulni, romlebmac Zalian
naklebaT icodnen samsaxuris saqmeebi da amasTanave erTi partias
ekuTvnoden yvelani. me am mdgomareobis gamosworeba mindoda, ma­
gram vinaidan materialurad metad gaWirvebul mdgomareobaSi
imyofeboden, gadavswyvite darCeniliyvnen, mokle xanSi saqmesac
Seiswavlidnen, da darCen kidec samsaxurSi. Semdeg cnobilia, rom
gamocdil Wkvian kacs unda daujeros kacma, magram im pirs, rome­
lic TviT ar aris sando, ver daujerebT. aq axsenes berZeniSvili,
es gaxlavT erTi lideri am kavSirisa, da rogorc gavige, s.-fed­
eralisti. mis rekomendacias savsebiT ukritikoT ver daujerebT;

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yvelaze ufro gulmodgineT es berZeniSvili avrcelebs xmebs, rom
olqis ufrosi udieraT epyroba moxeleebs, magram unda mogaxse­
noT, roca es iyo ganyofilebis ufrosad, ai ra saqciels sCadioda:
mag. gamoZieba iyo misi moqmedebis Sesaxeb, roca ufrosad iyo da ga­
moZiebis Semdegi daskvna aris erT adgilas – (kiTxulobs). amas adas­
turebs Semdegi: (kiTxulobs). mere, batonebo, berZeniSvili Tavis
axsnaSi ambobs, rom Tavis dReSi ar uyurebda Cinovnikebs rogorc
kacs, aramed rogorc Cinovniks (kiTxulobs) daskvnisTvis Cinovniki
Tavis axsnaSi swerda Semdegs: (kiTxulobs) (p. geleiSvili adgili­
dan: „Кто подписываетъ“) amaze xels awers berZeniSvili (niniZe adgili­
dan: marTla naxSiri uWamia?) is ambobs rodesac SeekiTxen am naweris
Sesaxeb, rom is cdilobda am gziT, am glaxa adgilidan gadaeyvana
qarTvelebi da rusebi daeniSna maT adgilze, magram es raRas niSnavs
(kiTxulobs). aris kidev sxva dokumentebi, magram vfiqrob, aq kidev
iqneba rame Tqmuli da maSin Sevecdebi mogawodoT. amgvarad nu gauk­
virdeba nuravis, rodesac kavSirSi aseTi pirebi arian. frTxilad
movepyraT maT rekomendacias.
me ganvacxade, da vici, rom koleqtiuri muSaoba saWiroa, magram
unda swarmoebdes es muSaoba, rogorc saxelmwifos interesebi moiT­
xovs. agreTve viciT, rom iq, sadac Cven varT, auarebeli saqmea gasa­
keTebeli, viciT, rom bevri gvaklia: fuWdeba telefoni, xdeba wer­
ilebis da depeSebis dagvianeba. Cven yovelive RonisZiebas vixmarT
es gamovasworoT da SevqmnaT is, rac saxelmwifos esaWiroeba, e. i.
mWidro kavSiri ara marto SigniT, aramed sxva saxelmwifoebTanac. da
Cven darwmunebuli varT, im moxeleebis daxmarebiT, romelTac saqme
ain­teresebT da ara sxva rame, maTi daxmarebiT SevZlebT gadavlaxoT
sxva da sxva dabrkolebani da Tu ar gauswariT, ar CamovrCeT mainc
Cven mezoblebs.
Tavmjdomare. vinaidan ukve sami saaTia, Tu inebebT miviRoT sab­
oloo teqstebi, moismineT Semdegi sxdomis dRiuri wesrigi da amiT
gavaTavoT dRevandeli sxdoma. vinaidan ukve sami saaTia, Tu gnebavT
miviRoT saboloo teqstebi, moismineT Semdegi sxdomis dRiuri wes­
rigi da amiT gavaTavoT dRevandeli sxdoma.
(q-n SaraSiZis asulis moxsenebiT miRebul iqna saboloo teqstebi
pirveli ori dekretisa).
Tavmjdomare. gTxovT moisminoT saxelmwifo kontr. gancxadeba
(kiTxulobs): „mTavrobam daadgina, sazRvar-gareT gagzavnos ekonomi­
uri misia, romlis SemadgenlobaSi mec var Caricxuli. amitom movmar­
Tav prezidiums da vTxov macnobos, scnobs igi im delegaciaSi Cems
monawileobas saWirod da SesaZleblad Tu ara – da ukeTu scnobs im
SemTxvevaSi vSuamdgomlob wasasvlelad nebarTvis mocemisaTvis“. si­
tyva b. jafariZes ekuTvnis.
s. jafariZe. es gancxadeba gaxlavT prezidiumis saxelze da vi­
naidan kontrols pirdapir irCevs damf. kreba saWirod migvaCnia

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mogaxsenoT da Tqven daadasturoT. (xmebi: gadavdoT Semdeg sxdomaze!)
Tavmjdomare: winadadeba gaxlavT, Tqven gnebavT es sakiTxi dRi­
ur wesrigSi SevitanoT. winadadebis Sesaxeb sityva ekuTvnis b. gior­
gaZes.
g. giorgaZe. winadadeba aseTi aris: gadaidos sxdoma am saRamosT­
vis da es sakiTxi Semdegi sxdomis pirvel rigSi gairCes. saerTod
vinaidan bevri sakiTxebi dagrovda, saWirod migvaCnia dainiSnos
araCveulebrivi sxdoma (kreba ismens dRiur wesrigs).
Tavmjdomare. winadadeba gaxlavT soc.-demok. fraqciisa am saRa­
mos Sesdges saswrafo sxdoma. (winadadeba miRebulia). gaxlavT erTi
Suamdgomloba – Tqven inebeT saarCevno komisiisaTvis damatebiTi
kreditis gaReba, Tu nebas mogvcemT, es sakiTxi Setanili iqneba dRi­
ur wesrigSi.
(xmebi: inebeT, inebeT!) sxdomas daxurulad acxadebs Tavmjdomare.

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 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

meoTxe sxdoma

(4)

1920 weli. martis 23. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1) dekreti damfuZnebeli krebis arCevnebis saWiroebisaTvis

damatebiTi naxevari mil. man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.
2) gangrZoba msjelobisa respublikis fosta-telegrafis da
telefonis adgilobriv dawesebulebaTa Statisa da xarjT-aRricx­
vis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
3) saxelmwifo kotroliorisaTvis sazRvar-gareT wasvlisa
uflebis micemis Sesaxeb.
4) saboloo teqsti dRiur wesrigis pirvel muxlSi aRniSnul
kanonmdeblobiTi aqtisa.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris ufrosi am­

xanagi
aleqsandre lomTaTiZe.
mdivnobs damfuZnebel krebis mdivnis amxanagi
qristine SaraSiZis asuli.
prezidiumSi aris eqvTime TayaiSvili.
Tavmjdomare. kreba gaxsnili gaxlavT. mdivani mogaxsenebT dRiur
wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs).

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 dRiuri wesrigi:

1. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa quTaisSi me-2 xa­

risxis sabaJos daarsebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia i. salayaia.
2. dekreti – saqalaqTaSoriso telefonis qselis mosawyobad
9.786.000 man. gadadebisa da amave saWiroebisaTvis 291.251 man. da 40 k.
Rirebuli masalis micemis Sesaxeb. momsxenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
3. dekreti – fostis gadazidvis xarjis dasafaravad 4.034.304 man.
da 92 kap. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
4. dekreti – gzaTa uwyebis mosamsaxureTaTvis dRiuri sargos
normebis Secvlisa. momxsenebelia gr. veSapeli.
5. dekreti – gazeT „saqarTvelos respublikis“ savaldebulo
gancxadebisaTvis dawesebuli fasis gadidebisa. momxsenebelia vas.
cabaZe.
6. dekreti miwadmoqmedebis ministris gankargulebaSi sameurneo
iaraRisa da masalis SesaZenad 1.140.000 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia
vas. cabaZe.
7. dekreti – saqarTvelos erovnuli samxatvro galereis daarse­
bisa. momxsenebelia imnaiSvili.
8. dekreti – baTomis qarTul gimnaziisaTvis erTdroul daxmare­
bad 260.000 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
9. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – Sinagan-saqmeTa
saministros kancelariis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.
momxsenebelia i. salayaia.
10. dekreti – tfilisis fosta-telegrafis olqis sammarTvelos
gauqmebisa da saqarTvelos respublikis fosta-telegrafis da tele­
fonis sammarTvelos daarsebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia gr. veSapeli.
11. dekreti – migdebul bavSvTa TavSesafris daarsebisa da Sta­
tis damtkicebisa. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
12. dekreti – saqonlis Wiris sawinaaRmdego Sratis dammzadebel
sadgurisaTvis sofel tabaxmelaSi meliqiSvilis mamulis SesaZenad
1.060.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
13. dekreti – saxalxo skolis maswavlebelTa xuTwleulebiT
dasakmayofileblad 4.193.333 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia n. imna­
iSvili.
14. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proqtisa – sasjelTa wes­
debis da sasjelTa debulebis jarimis gadidebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebe­
lia k. niniZe.
15. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – momrigebel
sasamarTlos dawesebulebaTa qvemdebareobis gafarToebis Sesaxeb.
momxsenebelis k. niniZe.
16. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – Sromis samin­
istros Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia k. cabaZe.

98
 17. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – saxazino rki­
nis gzis WiaTuris Stos gansakuTrebuli tarifis mospobis Sesaxeb.
momxsenebelia i. eligulaSvili.
18. dekreti – evropaSi komerciuli saagentoebis dasaarseblad
da ekonomiuri misiis gasagzavnad 20.000.000 man. gadadebisa. momxsene­
belia ios. eligulaSvili.
19. dekreti – pirveldawyebiTi skolebis maswavlebelTaTvis mok­
levadiani kursebis daarsebisa da saamisod 240.000 gadadebisa. mom­
xsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
20. dekreti – svaneTis samkurnalo dawesebulebaTa Statisa da
xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa. momxsenebelia v. cabaZe.
21. gagrZeleba msjelobisa respublikis fosta-telegrafis, fos­
tis, telegrafisa da telefonis adgilobrivi dawesebulebaTa Sta­
tisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis kanon-proeqtis Sesaxeb.
22. dekreti – damfuZnebeli krebis arCevnebis saWiroebisaTvis
damatebiTi 500.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.
Tavmjdomare. winadadeba gaxlavT Semotanili, rom dekreti nax­
evari milioni maneTis gadadebisa arCevnebis dasamTavreblad ganxi­
lul iqnas pirvel rigSi dResve saboloo teqstis miRebiT. vis surs
sityva amis Sesaxeb? aravis. vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. sityva ekuT­
vnis q. soloRaSvilis asuls.

1. dekreti damf. krebis arCevnebis saWiroebisaTvis

damatebiTi 500.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.

o. soloRaSvilis asuli. (s. d.) warmodgenili dekreti exeba dam­

fuZnebel krebis saWiroebisaTvis 500.000 maneTis gaRebas saxelmwifo
xazinidan. rogorc mogexsenebaT, SarSan parlamentma 4 milioni mane­
Ti gadasdo arCevnebis sawarmoeblad. es Tanxa navaraudevi iyo maSin­
deli fulis mixedviT da amasTan erTad mxedvelobaSi iyo miRebuli
is, rom mokle vadaSi damTavrdeboda arCevnebi, radganac es erT da
imave dros unda momxdariyo mTel teritoriaze. magram Semdeg Cvengan
damoukidebel mizezebis gamo es ganzraxava ver ganxorcielda. erTi
wlis winad ZiriTadi arCevnebi moxda, magram is ar damTavrebula. am
drois ganmavlobaSi cxovrebis pirobebi Seicvala, fulis kursi dae­
ca da nawilobriv arCevnebma gacilebiT meti xarji gamoiwvia vidre
es navaraudevi iyo. amitom es Tanxa sakmao ar darCa arCevnebis dasam­
Tavreblad. centraluri saarCevno komisia Semodis winadadebiT, rom
gadadebuli iyos 500.000 maneTi am arCevnebis dasamTavreblad.
Tavmjdomare. sityva b. imnaiSvils ekuTvnis.
n. imnaiSvili. sabiujeto-safinanso komisias araferi aqvs sawi­
naaRmdego, rom es Tanxa gadadebuli iyos arCevnebis dasamTavreblad.

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 Tavmjdomare. sityvas xom aravin inebebs? aravin. vin aris winaaR­
mdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? aravin. (momxsenebels) gTxovT waikiT­xoT.
o. soloRaSvilis asuli. (kiTxulobs dekrets muxlobriv. kreba
iRebs dekrets ukamaTod).
Tavmjdomare. dekreti miRebuli gaxlavT da gadaecema saredaq­
cio komisias.
Cawerili gaxlavT baraTaSvili da igi Tavis sityvas uTmobs dadi­
ans, magram dadiani exla ver isargeblebs daTmobiT, vinaidan 106 mux­
li reglamentebisa ambobs, rom wevrs SeuZlia dauTmos sityva imas,
visac ara aqvs aRebuli.
dadiani. me sityva maqvs aRebuli.
Tavmjdomare. diax, Tqven geqnebaT sityva meore rigSi am orato­
ris Semdeg.
sityva b. niniZes ekuTvnis.

2. gangrZoba msjelobisa respub. fosta-telegrafis

da fosta-telefonis adgilobrivi dawes. St. da
xarjT-aRricxvis Sesaxeb.

k. niniZe. (s.-d.) batonebo! dadians da saerTod opozicias erTi

zne dasCemda. is fiqrobs, rom simarTlis Tqma marto umciresobis
fraqcias SeuZlia, rom is aris marto damcveli demokratiisa da WeS­
maritebisa, es debuleba albaT aSenebulia sxva qveynis magaliTze;
gansakuTrebiT saxelmwifo saTaTbiroSi ase iyo, rom umciresobis
fraqciebi, umTavresad soc.-demokr. fraqcia, awarmoebden namdvil
opozicias. da ai amitom goniaT, rom WeSmariteba marto maTi piri­
dan gamodis. magram maT aviwydebaT, rom maSin sul sxva mdgomareoba
iyo, opozicia, formalurad umciresobaSi myofi, warmoadgenda xalx­
is umravlesobas da piriqiT, is umravlesoba, romelic parlamentSi
iyo, iyo xelovnurad Seqmnili da is srulebiT ar eyrdnoboda xalxs.
miuxedavad imisa, rom dRes sul sxva mdgomareobaa, maT mainc goniaT,
rom raki umciresobaSi brZandebian, isini usaTuod unda iyvnen opozi­
cionerebi da yovel wvrilman sakiTxze astexon dava. (l. Sengelaia:
ruseTis damfuZnebel krebaSi ramdeni iyaviT?) im sakiTxis Sesaxeb,
romelic dRes aris, misi Cqara gadawyveta, Tundac im mosazrebiT, ro­
melzedac mogaxsenaT dadianma, rogorc erTgulma damcvelma mosam­
saxureebisa, ar unda yofiliyo didi dava, radganac aq aris ubralo
sakiTxi. es Seexeba erTnairad qonebrivi mdgomareobis gaumjobesebas
am mosamsaxureebisa. raki es dava mainc astexes, me vfiqrob oriode
sityva mogaxsenoT, am principialuri sakiTxis Sesaxeb, romelic aq wa­
moayenes. me iZulebuli var ganvacxado, rom is mdgomareoba, rom Cveni
fraqcia aris umravlesobis fraqcia, da rogorc aseTi gabatonebuli
srulebiT ar iwvevs, im Sedegs, viTomc Cven aRmasrulebel organos

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yovelgvar moqmedebas viwonebdeT. SesaZlebelia warmoidginoT ise­
Ti mdgomareoba, rodesac ufro didi umravlesoba eyoleba ama Tu im
partias parlamentSi, magram es ar niSnavs imas, rom parlamenti ar
unda mosTxovdes pasuxs im organos, romelic man airCia. Cven mudam
vsTxovT pasuxs, mxolod erTi gansxvaveba aris? Cven vTxoulobT imas,
rac unda moeTxovos, rac unda gaakeTon. es umTavresi aris. da ise ar
unda davawvrilmanoT sakiTxi, rogorc am SemTxvevaSi ineba dadianma,
romelic aekviata or pirovnebas, Salikians da berZeniSvils. raki Sa­
likiani iyo gabatonebuli partiis warmomadgeneli da berZeniSvili
soc.-fed. partiis warmomadgeneli, is Seecada raRac SaravandediT
moeco misi pirovneba. am SemTxvevaSi is ar moiqca rogorc deputati,
xalxis warmomadgeneli, aramed is gamovida rogorc berZeniSvilis
damcveli. (dadiani: naTqvams gageba unda?) naTqvams ki ara, gakeTebuls
unda gageba. rodesac Tqven, b-no dadiano, SeecadeT agexsnaT es mobez­
Raroba biurokratiis winaSe, romelzedac mogaxsenaT dokumentebiT
aq olqis ufrosma, rodesac SeecadeT agexsnaT es maliariis gavleniT,
Tavis Tavad cxadia, rogorc damcveli Zalian susti iyaviT, (dadiani
Relavs: podlogebs dagimtkicebT?) me mogaxsenebT, rom kidevac rom
angelozi brZandebodes Tqveni berZeniSvili, ar SegferiT is, rom
Tqven parlamentis yuradRebis Rirsad gaxadoT igi. Cven arafers vam­
bobT Salikianis pirovnebaze. mogaxsenebT imdenad, ramdenad Tqven
SeexeT imas. me mgonia, rom parlamentis tribuna ar unda gadaiqces
aseT anagariSebis gasasworebel adgilad. (dadiani: podlogebis ad­
gilad!) SeiZleba me ar vici, duSeTSi iyo Tu sadRac podlogebi, yo­
vel SemTxvevaSi vinc podlogebi Caidina, imas sasamarTlo gaarCevs
(dadiani xmaurobs: Tqven dagimtkicebT podlogebs sasamarTloSi! da­
diani Relavs da moZraobs). Tavmjdomaris zari.
Tavmjdomare. dawynardiT, batono dadiano!
k. niniZe. keTil inebeT b-no dadiano! nu SeiyvanT SecdomaSi vismes,
egonebaT, rom me gavakeTe „podlogi“, raRacnairad iwevT Cemsken xels.
mgonia, rom am SemTxvevaSi dadianma srulebiT usabuTod aiRo xeli
deputatobaze da iwyo damcveloba. magram saSualeba, romliTac man
moindoma reabilitacia sxva da sxva pirebisa, srulebiT Seusabamo sa­
Sualeba gaxlavT. es damaxasiaTebelia sazogadod uZlurebisa. rode­
sac b. dadiani aq Cvens fraqcias abralebs imas, viTom Cveni meoxebiT
yvela dawesebulebaSi gabatonebuli iyo moxeleebis miRebis dros es
partiuli mizezebi, es mgonia ar aris marTli. Tu Cven fsiqologi­
uraT aviReT, mgonia, rom es mikerZoeba ufro Seefereba, da mosal­
odnelia im fraqciisagan, romelsac ar aqvs xalxSi Zala. da marTlac
federalisti, romelic erTi wamiT igdebs xelSi am Zala-uflebas, ma­
Sin is Seecdeba xelovnurad Sehqmnas is gavlena, romelic ar aqvs.
social-demokratia ar aris am SemTxvevaSi bunebisagan dRevandel
politikur mdgomareobiT daCagruli, rom is eZebdes moxeleebSi mim­
devrebs. is xalxSi aris Zlieri da ar saWiroebs imas, rom kancelar­

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iebSi iyos Zlieri. da radgan Tqven mimdevrebi gakliaT xalxSi, ami­
tom cdilobT, rom es umravlesoba SeqmnaT moxeleebSi da boroti
enebi amboben, rom rodesac Tqveni amxanagebi iyvnen romelime uwyebis
saTaveSi, mogaxseneben, rom is swored gadaiqca partiul angariS­
sworebis gasasworebel asparezad. konkretiulad mogaxseneben, ga­
naTlebis saministroze, sadac Zalian didi mfarveloba hqonda aRmo­
Cenili socialist-federalistebs (s. dadiani: es sicruea?) agreTve
Cven, batono dadiano, gvaxsovs sxva dawesebuleba, sadac Tqven ba­
tonobdiT Zvel wyobilebis dros, me studentobis droidan maxsovs,
rodesac Tqveni amxanagebi Zalian grZeli vadiT Rebulobden sti­
pendiebs, magram saqmes naklebad akeTebden (dadiani: Jordania iRebda
stipendias sarajiSvilasas. n. ramiSvili: Jordania Rirsi iyo amisi!)
me amiT imis Tqma ar minda, raki social-demokrati aris, is aris an­
gelozi, me imis Tqma minda, rom Tanaswor pirobebSi, Cven Tanaswori
varT codvebSi, magram im pirobebSi, rodesac Tqven xalxSi gavlena
ara gaqvT, Tqven unda moipovoT es gavlena iq, sadac SegiZlianT. es
asparezi aris is kancelaria, sadac moemwyvdiT. magaliTad Cveni ub­
nis komisari ecdeba, rom mas hyavdes federalisti milicionerebi.
(s. dadiani: laTaiebia! m. rusia: Relavs kirile!) exla aviRoT is prin­
cipialuri sakiTxi, romelic dadianma wamoayena. man daayena sakiTxi
imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra damokidebuleba unda iyos saxelmwifo organi­
zaciisa da profesionalur kavSiris Soris. es sakiTxi marTlac se­
riozuli sakiTxia, magram rogor midis dadiani am sakiTxis gadasaW­
relad? sargeblobs Tu ara marTla saxelmwifoebriv demokratiul
TvalsazrisiT, Tu marto profesionaluri kavSiri unda sargeblob­
des Tavisi uflebiT. es me mgonia dRes ubralo ganmeorebaa, Sablon­
uri msjelobaa. demokratiuli saxelmwifo warmoudgenelia ise, Tu
Tavisufleba ar eqneba yvela jgufebs da maTSi Tavisuflad cxadia,
ara Tu muSaTa kavSirebs, aramed moxeleebis kavSirsac unda hqondes
sruli Tavisufleba. amas aramc Tu vambobT, es ganxorcielebuli aris
ukve. magram aq aris batonebo, meore mdgomareoba. Cven revoliuciam
gvianderZa im dawesebulebaSi anarqia, razedac sxvaTa Soris uwyebis
warmomadgenelma Tqven giTxraT.
ai, magaliTad, telegramis damaxinjeba, werilebis dagvianebiT
gagzavna da sxva aris nayofi anarqiisa, romelic gamoixateba Semdeg­
Si: es dawesebuleba aris calke respublika. es b. dadianma Semdegi sax­
iT daaxasiaTa, man brZana, rom raki f.-t. moxeleni arian texnikurad
mcodneni am saqmisa, imitom unda maT ekiTxebodeT umTavresad miRe­
ba-daTxovnis sakiTxi. es laparakis dros SeakeTa, Seamcira da rekomen­
dacia daarqva, magram es iyo sityvis masala, radganac warmoudgene­
lia imaze laparaki, rom vinme rekomendaciis winaaRmdegi iyos, magram
rodesac aseTi xaziT atareben rekomendacias, amas eZleva sul sxva
mniSvneloba. savaldebulo rekomendacia es aris is, razedac lapara­
kobs b. dadiani: kavSiris SexedulebiT moxele daiTxoves ukanonoT,

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maSasadame SeiZleba moiTxovon, rom is daabrunon samsaxurSi. kar­
gi, magram es rogori demokratizmia, rodesac xalxis mier arCeuli
mTavroba iqneba pasuxismgeblad moxeleebis winaSe, b-no dadiano? is
pasuxismgebelia xalxis winaSe. Tu am saqmes am dargSi ganagebs profe­
sionaluri kavSiri, es uaRresi biurokratizmia da gamoixateba ima­
Si, rom batonobs ara xalxi, aramed moxele. Tu Tqven es demokratizmi
ggoniaT, Cven amisTana demokratizmis winaaRmdegi varT. es aris mox­
eleebis batonoba. Cven vambobT, rom yvelas unda mieces Tavisi. Tu
moxele asrulebs Tavis profesionalur movaleobas imdenad, ramde­
nad is moxelea da aumjobesebs Tavis mdgomareobas, rasakvirvelia
sruliad Tavisufali unda iyos, magram ramdenad is Caereva ara Tavis
saqmeSi, miiTvisebs marTva-gamgeobis saqmes es aris uaRresi biurokra­
tizmi im gansxvavebiT, rom b. dadianis locva-kurTxeviT da eniT amas
hqvia demokratzmi. magram saqme saxelebSi ar aris. Tu Tqven saxelebs
Tayvans scemT, maSin Cven unda mivmarToT sabWoTa ruseTs, romelmac
sityviT socializmic ki ganaxorciela, magram Cven Sinaarsi gvinda,
ara sityvebi. Sinaarsi ki am Tqveni demokratizmisa is aris, rom unda
gabatonebuli iqnes moxele da rac moeprianeba, is unda Caidinos da
Tu es demokratizmi aris, swored aman Sehqmna is mdgomareoba, romel­
zedac aq olqis ufrosi laparakobda. 1917 w., rodesac gadatriale­
ba moxda, unda dangreuliyo es biurokratizmis bude da daangries
kidec da raki sxva organizacia ar iyo, moxeleebi iZulebulni iyvnen
TiTon Cadgomodnen saqmes saTaveSi da Tu ki es pirvel xanebSi pro­
gresiuli movlena iyo, Semdeg, rodesac moviwvieT da daviwyeT er­
obebi da TviTmarTvelobebi da rodesac pasuxismgebeli mTavroba
gvyavs, TavisTavad cxadia, es gadaiqca Tavis-Tavis winaaRmdegobad
da im sargeblobis magivrad, romelic mas mohqonda, zarali moaqvs.
qronologiurad rom vimsjeloT, SesaZlebelia, b. dadiani marTali
iyos. iqneba 1917 w. es moxeleebi iyvnen batonebi da radganac maSin um­
ravlesobas warmoadgendnen s. d., maSasadame batonobdnen s. d., magram
exla umravlesoba federalistebia, ratom isev aseTi wesi aRar unda
iyoso. magram maSin sxva gamosavali ar iyo, exla raki mdgomareoba
Seicvala, SesaZlebelia maSin batonobdnen s. d. da angrevdnen, dee
axla federalistebma daangriono. vinc unda iyos f.-t. moxele, Tu
is mis magivrad, rom xalxis interesebs emsaxuros, emsaxureba viwro
profesionalur interess, mTavrobas ar SeuZlian mas ar SeebrZolos.
b. dadians hgonia, rom adamiani, Tu jgufi SeiZleba absoliu­
turad uangaro iyos da SesZlebs Tavisi jgufuri interesebi dasTmos
ufro, vidre saxalxo interesi. es gulubryviloba aris. Cven gvgonia,
rom kerZo kaci SeiZleba gamovides sazRvrebidan da ver gaarCios ra
aris kerZo da ra aris sazogadoebrivi da saxelmwifoebrivi, magram
mainc kerZo adamiani ufro axlo aris da ufro male Seignebs amas,
vidre kerZo jgufi. ai, TviTon saxelmwifo imisTvis arsebobs, rom
erTgvari iZulebiTi gavlena moaxdinos. es wmidaTa samefo ar aris,

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raki arsebobs es winaaRmdegoba, es egoizmi, unda iyos Zala, romel­
ic kalpotSi Caayenebs am winaaRmdegobas. aseT ZalaT migvaCnia Cven
saxelmwifo organizacia, centraluri organo misi aris mTavroba da
Semdeg danarCeni adgilobrivi organoebi. rogor gindaT myvirala
demokratizmiT dafaroT moxeleebis TviTneboba. es yovlad SeuZle­
belia. Cven partiul kapitals ar veZebT. Cven rom partiul kapitals
veZebdeT, moxeleebs moveferebodiT da bevri moxele Cvens mxareze
iqneboda. da amiT aixsneba, rom burJuaziuli elementebi da inteli­
gencia, romelic klasaT ar aris Camoyalibebuli, ufro TanagigrZno­
ben Tqven. (i. baraTaSvili: vinc ufro Segnebulni arian!) marTalia, ma­
gram Segnebulni, romelnic ar scildebian jgufur interesebs. Tqven
ityviT, rom glexebi da muSaTa klasic icavs Tavis interesebso. Sei­
Zleba eg marTalia, magram isini arian xalxis umravlesoba da Tqven ki
xarT xalxis umciresoba. (xmauroba. replikebi ar ismis).
me wamikiTxavs federalistebis literatura, Cven mierac pa­
tivcemuli arCil jorjaZis nawerebi, is, rodesac sazRvar-gareT
iyo, sadac mas Zalas aravin atanda is swerda gaz. „saqarTvelo“-Si,
rom mRvdeli, episkoposi, Tavad-aznauri, yvela erTad unda iyoso.
(dadiani: sicruea!) b. dadiano, Tqven ar wagikiTxavT Tqveni mama-­
mTavris nawerebi...(dadiani: sicruea!) es iyo mgoni „saqarTvelos“
#4-Si. (dadiani: gviCveneT?) exla Tan ar wamomiRia, didi sircxvili
Tqven, rom Tqveni mamamTavris nawerebs ar icnobT. is xom... (dadiani:
Tqven TiTon ar iciT!) me rom ar vicode araferia, magram sircxvi­
li Tqven, rom ar iciT is gzebi, romelic man gamoiara! erTxel anar­
qisti iyo!.. amitom gvgonia rom is sakiTxi, romelic b. dadianma
wamoayena, ver iqna gadawyvetili safuZvlianad. pirveli rom aris
partiuli kinklaoba, romelic viTom arsebobs iq, magram im magaliT­
idan romelic daasaxela b. dadianma Cven winaaRmdeg davinaxeT. ima­
Si, rasac b. Rlonti brZanebs Cven ra davinaxeT? erTis mxriv, rom
b. dadiani scdilobs xeli daafaros maT da cdilobs reabilitacia
moaxdinos imaTi, im pirebisa, romelnic amis Rirsni ar arian da amiT
daTvur samsaxurs uwevs maT. Zveli reJimis dros bevri uwevda aseT
samsaxurs rus biurokratias, gansakuTrebiT b. dadiano, Tqveni gva­
ris warmomadgenelni. isini yvelaze metad yvirodnen da gaiZaxodnen
patriotizmze, Tumca qarTul enas biWebis enaT Tvliden. (dadiani:
ra SuaSia?) im SuaSia, batono, rom rodesac biurokratiis batono­
bis dros gandgomilni saqarTvelos daCagvras ecdebodnen, ruseTis
biurokratiis winaSe saxels moixveWdnen! (dadiani: aseTi demagogia
mxolod Tqven SegiZlianT, b. niniZe!) erTi sityviT, b. dadiani gamo­
dis da Tavis sityvebiT mxolod daTvur samsaxurs uwevs maT, vis da­
farvasac cdilobs. is rac Seexeba meores, partiul saqmianobas, b.
dadianma faqtiurad dagvanaxva, rom olqis ufros mgelaZes, romel­
sac SeiZleba aqvs Secdomebi, vis ar mosdis Secdoma, cdilobs Sem­
oiRos wesrigi, radganac icis, rom f.-t. aris saxelmwifo aparati,

104
saxelmwifo warmoebis erTi dargi. am SemTxvevaSi is cdilobs cota
amosdos lagami Tqveneburi demokratizmiT gadadebul pirebs, ro­
melic saxelmwifo interesebze ufro maRla ayeneben viwro jgufur
interesebs. am SemTxvevaSi is pirni, romelTac Tqven da Tqveni war­
momadgeneli pirebi, gansakuTrebiT is pirebi, romelnic warsul­
Si, rogorc berZeniSvili brZanebda, araviTari Rvawli miuZRviT
xalxis winaSe da exla, dRes am orom-trialSi cdiloben amoefaron
Tqvens droSas, magram rodesac iq ibrZvis b. mgelaZe, Cven SegviZlian
mxolod gza daucoT mas da uTxraT, rom keTili iyos Tqveni brZola
moxsenebuli „demokratizmis“ winaaRmdego. rac Seexeba im principi­
alur sakiTxs, rom saxelmwifo ufro maRla unda idges jgufur in­
teresebze, es ar ewinaaRmdegeba profesionalur interesebs, radga­
nac muSebma Zalian kargaT ician ra aris saxelmwifos damkvidreba
da ra aris profesionaluri interesi. Segnebulma muSebma moiT­
xoves, rom administracia da muSebi gancalkevebulni yofiliyvnen.
nu ityviT imas, rom Cven rkinis gzisa gveSinian da mas uTmobT da
fosta-­telegrafisa ar gveSinian da amitom ar uTmobT mas. es adli,
es sazomi Cven ar Segvefereba. da SeiZleba kerZo uwyebas mouvides
Secdoma, magram es unda aRiniSnos da xeli ar unda SeuSalos parti­
ulma saqmianobam saxelmwifo muSaobas, magram rodesac b. dadiani
cdilobs saxelmwifos muSaobas xeli SeuSalos, demagogias mimar­
Tavs da amiT kavSirebs urCevs, rom dadgnen Zvel anarqiis gzaze, ro­
melic Cven ukve ganvleT, da Tu ar ganvleT, vcdilobT, rom ganvloT,
– am SemTxvevaSi b. dadiani verc socialistur saqmes akeTebs, Tu ra­
sakvirvelia, socializmisac ise ar gavigeT, rogorc b. dadianma gai­
go demokratizmi. (taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. dadians.
s. dadiani. (s.-f.) batonebo, damfuZnebel krebis wevrno! vinaidan
me amis meti am sakiTxze sityva aRar momecema, iZulebuli var Tavi da­
vanebo axal magaliTebis moyvanas fosta-telegrafis uwyebis cxovre­
bidan da gavarCio muxlobriv b. ministris da olqis ufrosis pasuxi.
b. ministrma ganacxada, rom yovelive is, rac me mogaxseneT, wvr­
ilmanebia da amis Sesaxeb ganmartebas „Cemi moxele“ mogaxsenebTo. rom
demokratiuli respublikis ministrs ar Svenis aseTi sityvebi, „Cemi
moxele“, ase laparakobden Zveli ruseTis biurokratebi, dRes Cvens
yurs examuSeba es.
dRes saqarTvelos demokratiuls respublikaSi moxeleni da mo­
samsaxureni ministrebs ki ara xalxs emsaxurebian, xalxisa arian.
verc erTi principialuri mosazreba Cemi ver daarRvia b. minis­
trma, man kamaTi iseT sferoSi gadaitana, sadac Cven ar vdaobT. bevri
ram gavakeTeT, fosta-telegrafis saqmeebi araraobisagan Sevqmeni­
To. kacma, rom sTqvas, ar aris didi dasakvexni, rac Tqven gaakeTeT,
vinaidan amas exla gaakeTebda, es maSinac gakeTdeboda, Tu uwyeba sul
upatronod iqneboda migdebuli.

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 gaerovnebis saqme, Statis Semcireba da aseTi marTladac saWir-­
boroto sakiTxebi, rac marTla gakeTda amas yovel SemTxvevaSi
b. mge­laZe ver miiTvisebs, vinaidan es gakeTda jer kidev masalkinis
dros.
rac ufro sayuradReboa, yovelive am reformebis simZime swored
mosamsaxureebma gadaitanes, mTavari Zala am saqmeSi swored moxelee­
bi iyvnen da swored isini, visac Tqven dRes xelis SemSlel elemente­
bad gvixatavT.
samwuxaro swored is aris, rom uaRresad principialuri da
saxelmwifoebrivi saqmeebi Tqven wvrilman sakiTxebad migaCniaT,
radgan Tqven erTob dagiwvrilmanebiaT saxelmwifo saqmeebi.
SevafasoT b. ministris da „misi moxelis sabuTebi“. amas winad b.
ministrma da dRes olqis ufrosma aq erTi depeSa wamikiTxes vinme
varlamis xelmowerili, imis dasamtkiceblad, rom viTom centr. ka­
vSiris gamgeobis wevri varlam WrelaSvili ereoda mosamsaxureTa
gadayvana-gadmoyvanaSio, e. i. kavSiri administraciis saqmeebs ep­
otinebao. SeiZleba b. ministrs ar scodnoda es, magram SeuZlebelia
olqis ufross ar scodnoda, rom es varlami ar aris kavSiris wevri,
aramed sruliad kerZo piria. am kerZo pirs uTxovnia romeliRac ad­
ministratorisTvis, SeiZleba TviT mgelaZesTvis, rom xonidan foT­
Si ar gadaeyvanaT vinme moxele melaZe. uTuod amis imedi miuciaT
da igic swers melaZes: „maq aravin darCeba, Sen SesaZlebelia foTSi
gaigzavno, daucade gankargulebas, Semdeg dagabrunebo“. da meore
depeSac: „wadi foTSi Semdeg dagabruneb“. am depeSas xels awers var­
lami, magram b. mgelaZem Zalian kargad icis, rom es varlam ZiZiguria,
sruliad kerZo piri. es ar SeiZleboda ar scodnoda olqis ufross,
vinaidan am varlam ZiZigurs Tavisi misamarTic aRniSnuli aqvs de­
peSaze, – ganaTlebis saministro. (m. rusia: ganaTlebis saministros
mosamsaxure fostaSiac msaxurebs?) b. rusia, TqvenTvis sul fuWad
Cauvlia amdens laparaks, veraferi gagigiaT. (m. rusia: ise unda vsTq­
vaT, rom gavigoT!) karg mTqmels kargi gamgone unda.
amnairad, batonebo, Tqven xedavT, rom aq olqis ufrosma yalbi
dokumenti gamoaqveyna. tyuilad daabrala profes. kavSirs adminis­
traciis saqmeSi Careva.
batonma ministrma aq amas winad wagikiTxaT moxele farcxalaZis
depeSebi, sadac igi ekiTxeba moxeles, ginda Tu ara aqa da aq gadagiy­
vanoTo. esec undaT aq imis dasamtkiceblad, rom profes. kavSiri ere­
va moxeleebis gadayvanaSio, magram imas ki ar geubnebian, rodindeli
abavia es. es, batonebo, iyo 1917 wels, rodesac kavSiri marTladac
ereoda umeSveod administratiuls saqmeebSi da ara Tu ereoda, im
revoliuciis pirvels xanebSi es kavSiri iyo erTad-erTi organi­
zacia, romelic iq moqmedebda.

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 maSasadame esec ar gamogadgebaT da imis dasamtkiceblad, rom
viTom dRevandeli profes. kavSiri cdilobdes mTeli administraciis
funqciebi miisakuTros.
magram yvelaze ufro ara sakadrisi saqme ikadra b. olqis ufrosma.
SeiZleba imitomac miando b. ministrma Tavisi magivroba „Tavis moxe­
les“, rom TiTon ar ekadreba imas, rac „misma moxelem“ ikadra.
me aq sruliad ar mainteresebda TiToeli pirovneba da Tu vismes
vasaxelebdi, mxolod ilustraciisTvis, me azradac ara mqonia arc
berZeniSvilis dacva... (l. naTaZe: Tqven daRupeT igi!) diaR, es ki mar­
Talia, me davRupe igi, Tqven mas daiTxovT dRes Tu xval. (xmauroba. b.
rusia: marTla gasawmendi yofila es uwyeba!) b. rusia, Tqven wamogc­
daT is, rac gulSi gedvaT.
diaR, me berZeniSvils ar vicav, igi amas ar saWiroebs, magram,
rodesac aq mis winaaRmdeg gamodian yalbi dokumentebiT, me ar
SemiZlian es ar vamxilo. (xmauroba) is miwer-mowera, romelic aq
b. mgelaZem waikiTxa aslia, TiTon administraciis mier gadaweri­
li. aba, moitaneT dedani amisa. dedani Tqven ara gaqvT, yovel Sem­
TxvevaSi isic, rac mgelaZem waikiTxa, waikiTxa gadamaxinjebulad.
(b. n. ramiSvili adgilidan uCvenebs qaRalds: aq aris originali!)
me vici rac originalia es. b. mgelZem aq gaimeora is xerxi, romel­
sac Cveulni arian cnobilni publicistni social-demokratiisa. aq
b. niniZem moigona arCil jorjaZe da ai swored mravaljer dauWer­
ia mas polemikis dros Tqvenebi, rodesac dokumentidan amoglejden
xolme adgils, Sekvecavdnen da dokuments imas aTqmevinebdnen, rac
maT undodaT.
b. mgelaZem aq waikiTxa viRac moxelis wveravas moxseneba, viTom
berZeniSvilma, rodesac igi kantoris ufrosi iyo, moxeles sawereli
sTxliSa, qimiuri melani Tavze gadaasxa da sxva aseTi saSinelebani pa­
TeTiurad ganacxada: rogor daejereba rame aseT kacso. agredve man
politikur mabezRaradac ki gamoiyvana igi, TiTqos berZeniSvili Tx­
ovda ufrosebs beliasuars da aseTs yru adgilebSi rusebi daeniSnaT
da qarTvelebisagan ki gaenTavisuflebinaT igi. me vacxadeb, rom yove­
live es sicruea. me Tqven gekiTxebiT: ra saxarbielo iyo beliasuarSi
da aseTs adgilebSi gadasvla, rodesac iq iseTi ciebiani adgilia, rom
verc erTi qarTveli vera sZlebda da malariiT avadxdeboda? me Tqven
gekiTxebiT, ratom ar niSnavda iq nikolozis mTavroba rusebs, Tu es
aseTi saxarbielo adgili iyo? (xmebi: berZeniSvili qarTvelebisTvis
zrunavda viTom?) yviriliT araferi gamova, batonebo, me gekiTxebiT,
ratom ar niSnavden iq rusebs? cxadia, imitom, rom iq mZime pirobe­
bi iyo samsaxurisa. es intrigebi, romelic am Svidi wlis winad moxda
piradul niadagze berZeniSvilsa da wveravas Soris, ukve didi xa­
nia presaSi gamoaqveyna da ganmarta TiTon berZeniSvilma da ai saqme

107
rogor iyo, ai rasa swerda berZeniSvili Tavis moxsenebaSi... „Цверава
служилъ честно, аккуратно, всестороне изучая службы, т. е. до тѣхъ поръ, пока
я нѣсколько разъ не представлялъ его на повышенiе, пока ему не надоѣло ждать
результата, а послѣднiй третiй годъ есть годъ его болѣзни и разочарованiя, что онъ
„неудачник”, что не дають повышенiя, что не переводятъ и что мои представденiя,
какъ ,,не авторитетнаго начальника“, не достигаютъ цѣли“. daskvna am moxsenebi­
sa aseTia: „покорнѣйше прошу для изчерпанiя всего этого вопроса чин. Цверава
перевѣсти въ болѣе здоровое мѣсто, где онъ оправившись, может снова стать
полезнымъ чиновникомъ“.
wverava kargi moxelea, patiosani kacia, mxolod ukanasknel dros
avad gaxda, guli gautyda, gTxovT sxvagan janmrTel adgilas gadai­
yvanoT, rom morCes da isev kargi moxele gaxdeso, da es aris dabez­
Reba?! ai riT aixsneba berZeniSvilis Suamdgomloba, rom qarTvelebi
iqidan wamoeyvanT da rusebi gamoegzavnaT da gana sircxvili ar aris
amis dRes gamotana, rogorc berZeniSvilis sawinaaRmdego masalisa?
b. mgelaZem aq ise mogaCvenaT, TiTqos berZeniSvili ebrZoda kari­
erisaTvis viRacis „SeerTebuls Zalas“. man ase waikiTxa es adgili:
„Цверава возбуждаетъ своих несознательныхъ коллегъ путьемъ пропаганды и, что
объединенная сила можеть все“... aq b. mgelaZem wertili dasva da iseTi
STabeWdileba Sehqmna, TiTqos aq marTladac politikurs „danosTan“
gvqondes saqme. ai aq iTaRliTa b. ministris „moxelem“. man ar waikiTxa
Semdegi fraza: „и конечно свергнетъ ненавистнаго ему Бердзенишвили“.
cxadia berZeniSvili aq swers, rom wverava mis winaaRmdeg awar­
moebs agitacias da igi SeerTebuli ZaliT cdilobs mis gadagdebas...
Tqven ki... Tqven aq siyalbes ambobT, yalbs dokuments kiTxulobT da
kiTxulobT yalbad. sircxvili Tqven! (didi xmauroba). berZeniSvili
swers: „ихъ (e. i. qarTvelebi) какъ малярiйныхъ, переведите въ болѣе здоровое
мѣсто, а ко мнѣ назначьте русскихъ“. kaci ufrosebs SesCivis, qarTvelebs nu
niSnavT aq, cieb-cxelebiT ixocebiano da es qarTvelebis devnaT gin­
daT gaasaRoT?!
me kidev mets getyviT. b. mgelaZem Zalian kargad icis, rom ber­
ZeniSvilis moqmedebaTa gamosaZieblaT dainiSna komisia da Sedegi is
iyo, rom igi gaamarTla komisiam, ai am mowerilobiT acnobes kidec,
rom Tqven gamarTlebuli xarTo:
„Въ возведенныхъ на Васъ обвиненiяхъ служащими конторы, въ якобы гру­
быхъ обращенiяхъ съ ними публикой, по даннымъ разслѣдованiямъ, Вы оказались
правы.
Предлагаю объ этом объявитъ чинамъ конторы, съ предупрежденiемъ въпредь
при возведенiи подобныхъ обвиненi относитсься осторожно“.
da ai am dokuments xels aweren: fosta-telegrafis komisris magi­
er olqis mmarTveli – mednikovi da... rac yvelaze ufro sagulisxmoa
– centraluri biuros droebiT Tavmjdomare Salikiani. ai swored is
Salikiani, romelic dRes olqis ufrosis TanaSemwea. (sicili da xme­
bi: mere rao?) batonebo Tqven, icinodiT maSinac, rodesac b. mgelaZe

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laparakobda am siyalbes, iciniT axlac, magram es simwaris sicilia,
kudze fexi dagadgiT, sicrueSi dagiWireT.
Zveli romaelebi qristes dabadebamde ambobdnen: „non bis in eadem
rem“, – orjer erT da imave saqmeze gasamarTleba ar iqnebao. Tqven rom
oci saukunis winadac yofiliyaviT, ver awvdebodiT am debulebas da
rogorc dRes maSinac ukan CamorCebodiT romaelebs.
olqis ufrosma da TviT Salikianmac rasakvirvelia icodnen am
saqmis mTeli viTareba, icodnen berZeniSvilis simarTle. rodesac
gaerovnebis saqmeze muSaobda es berZeniSvili da misi amxanagi maSin­
deli kavSiris gamgeobis Tavmjdomare SalikianTan erTad, maSin ma­
salkini (soc.-demokrati) da misi TanaSemwe aharoniani winaaRmdegi
iyvnen amisa da aharonianma wauyena berZeniSvils eseve braldeba, rom
igi moespo, rogorc mebrZoli, magram Salikianma xom icoda, rom es
ciliswameba da sisulele iyo, araviTari yuradReba ar miuqceviaT da
mTeli weliwadi berZeniSvilTan erTad kontaqtSi muSaobdnen.
bolos da bolos ra socialist-federalistebis bralia raime
Secdoma rom kidec Caedinos 1913 welSi berZeniSvils! igi maSin so­
cial-demokrati iyo! sCans gagiWirdaT, rom aseTs samarcxvino dokumen­
tebs dauwyeT qeqva, rogorc gakotrebulma vaWarma Zvels Tamasuqebs.
Semdeg olqis ufrosma moiyvana depeSis damaxinjebis nimuSe­
bi, magram aqac wyalgamoRma gindaT gamogvedavoT. me ar vambob imas,
rom yuradReba ar mieqces Secdomebs da damnaSave ar daisajos. Cven
vambobT, rom depeSis damaxinjeba xSirad aucilebelia imitom, rom
ramodenime saaTi aparatze muSaoba nervebs hRlis da gamocdils mo­
muSavesac SeiZleba SeeSalos.
amas garda xSirad namZebi SeiZleba gadaixlarTos da amis gamo
daikargos wertilebi, xazebi, rac Sinaars daamaxinjebs. yovelive amas
gamorkveva unda da me Tqven dagisaxeleT magaliTebi, rom ganukiTxa­
vad sjian mosamsaxureebs, mere irkveva maTi udanaSauloba da isev ukan
abruneben. aseTs wess uwodeb me biurokratiuls TviTnebobas.
b. ministrma brZana, delegacia me kargad miviReo. b. WiWinaZem arc
ki mousmina delegacias: vici risTvis mosulxarTo da rodesac del­
egacia b. ramiSvilTan Sevida, axla iq gamovida b. WiWinaZe da iqac gaa­
frTxila n. ramiSvili. TiTon ministri ki „dahpirda“ delegacias: „Tu
kidev ase ganagrZobT, respublikis sazRvrebs gadagacilebTo“, – WeS­
maritad demokrat ministris sityvebia!
Tavmjdomare. sityva b. nucubiZes ekuTvnis.
i. nucubiZe (soc.-rev.) batonebo! fosta-telegrafis uwyebis gar­
Semo cxare kamaTi gaimarTa. es kamaTi, Cvenis azriT, mniSvnelovani
kamaTia, radgan am kamaTma damfuZnebel krebas gadauSala erTgvari
suraTi im wesebisa, romelic aris gamefebuli am uwyebaSi. kamaTidan
aSkarad gamoirkva: erTi is, rom moxeleebisadmi mopyroba ar yofila
rigiani, meore – profesionalur kavSiris uflebebi SezRuduli yo­
fila. laparakoben agreTve imaze, rom uwyebaSi xdeba borot-moqmede­

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ba. aseT borot-moqmedebaT vTvli me iseT depeSebis gagzavnas ufasod,
romlebic ar unda iqmnen gagzavnili kanonis ZaliT. es faqtebi, rom­
lebic me davasaxele, ar uaruyvia arc b. ministrs da arc mis moxeles.
profesionalur kavSiris uflebis Sesaxeb b. ministris moxelem ga­
nacxada, rom koleqtiur Txovnebis miReba yovlad SeuZlebeli aris.
aseT azrs icavden Zveli drois moxeleni. Cven dros ki, dRes, roca ase
Tu ise aris damyarebuli, yovel SemTxvevaSi unda iyos – laparako­
ben, rom aris demokratiuli respublika, – aseT wes-wyobilebis dros,
yovlad Seuwynarebelia, rom muSaTa kavSirebs Tavis farglebSi ar
hqondes Sesaferi uflebebi. yovlad Seuwynarebelia, rom muSaTa kav­
Sirebs aekrZalos masiurad, koleqtiurad peticiis warmodgena. es an­
bani aris demokratiul wyobilebis. rac Seexeba udier mopyrobas, es
iqamdec ki misula, rom zogierTi moxele Tvalcremliani gamobruneb­
ula. me ver warmomidgenia moxele-mamakaci cxare cremliT. albaT man
warmoidgina revoliucia, demokratiuli wyobileba, respublika da
iseTi udieri mopyroba da is ufaqizesi principebi da idealebi, rom­
lisaTvis is ibrZoda da romelic dRes fex-qveS aris gaTelili. albaT
aman gamoiwvia is fsiqologiuri gancda da cremlebi. es aris uRrmesi
traRizmi moxelis sulisa da Tqven, rogorc xalxis warmomadgeneli,
movaleni xarT CaukvirdeT am garemoebas.
b. niniZem, imis magivrad, rom uaryos faqtebi da seriozuli pa­
suxi gasces mowinaaRmdeges, daiwyo notaciebi: opozicia ratom aris
opozicia, rodesac social-demokratia aris umravlesoba. opozi­
cias adgili hqonda ruseTis saTaTbiroSi, sadac umravlesobas memar­
jveneni Seadgenden. saqme imaSia, batonebo, rom maSindeli umravle­
soba xalxis saxeliT laparakobda, magram xalxis saqmes ar akeTebda.
da exlac, xalxis saxeliT laparakobs soc.-dem. umravlesoba da xalx­
is saqmes nakleb akeTebs. amitom aqvs adgili damf. krebaSi memarcxene
opozicias da memarjveneebs ki adgili ar aqvT. memarjveneni Tu gam­
ovlen mxolod imisTvis, rom taSi daukran umravlesobis fraqcias.
(xmauroba). me Tqven dros marTmevT, momeciT saSualeba laparakisa,
faqtebi, romlebic aq iqna aRniSnuli, pirdapir gulSemzaravia. am
faqtebze ornairi azri ar SeiZleba iyos. yoveli saRi gonebis adami­
ani misgan mxolod erT daskvnas gamoitans.
riT aixsneba, rom social-demokratia ase moqmedebs? misi bu­
nebiT da meorec – praqtikuli mosazrebiT. social-demokratebi
arian egnate laiolas memkvidreni, rogorc Tavis moqmedebaSi, ise
moZRvrebaSi da arsad da arasodes ar zogven araviTar saSualebas
miznis misaRwevad. es ar aris litoni sityvebi. moigoneT mTeli maTi
moRvaweebis istoria saqarTveloSi. rogor ebrZodnen ideur mowi­
naaRmdegeebs. arc erT saxelmwifoSi, arc erT qveyanaSi dedamiwis
zurgze ar yofila iseTi maxinji damokidebuleba partiebs Soris,
rogorc Cven vxedavT saqarTveloSi. da amis mizezi aris gabatonebu­
li partia, social-demokratia, romelmac moSxama sazogadoebrivi

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atmosfera. me mogaxsenebT, rom soc.-dem. aseTi saqmianoba aixsneba –
erTi maTi bunebiT da meore praqtikuli mosazrebiT. ratom ibrZvian
soc.-dem. fosta-telegrafis uwyebaSi? imitom, rom federalistebi
umravlesoba arian am uwyebaSi. fosta-telegrafs didi mniSvnelo­
ba aqvs, rogorc saxelmwifos erT rgols. gamoacaleT es rgoli da
saxelmwifo daiSleba. da radgan mTavroba moRvaweobs ara rogorc
mTavroba, aramed rogorc social-demokratebi, rogorc partiuli
moRvaweni, amitom xdeba, rom xSirad es mTavroba gadadgams iseT
nabijebs, romelic saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg aris mimarTuli. da im
uwyebaSi, sa­dac partiulad susti iqneba soc.-dem., SeiZleba gafic­
va gamocxaddes, rodesac mTavroba viwro partiul gzas daadgeba da
social-demokratia scdilobs, rom yvelgan, sadac ki SesaZlebelia,
aseT SemTxvevebisaTvis Tavisi partiuli amxanagebi iyolios. es gax­
lavT praqtikuli mosazreba.
exla oriode sityva imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogori unda iyos damoki­
debuleba muSaTa organizaciebsa da saxelmwifos Soris.
bolSevikebi da menSevikebi ori sxva da sxva totia erTi da imave
xis tanis, ase rom Tavis bunebiT da taqtiT erTi da igive arian, gansx­
vaveba mxolod memarcxene-memarjveneobaSia. menSevikebi igive bol­
Sevikebia, mxolod marjvnidan. rogorc bolSevikebi, ise menSevikebi
ar indoben araviTar ideur mowinaaRmdeges. bolSevikebma ruseTSi
mospes savsebiT saxelmwifo da saxelmwifoebrivi iniciativa da ga­
dasces profesionalur kavSirebs, muSaTa organizaciebs. isini ga­
davardnen ukiduresobaSi. social-demokratebma ki mospes es profe­
sionaluri organizaciebi da misi funqciebi gadasces saxelmwifos...
(niniZe: ra movspeT, ras ambob?) mogaxsenebT. muSaTa sabWom, sadac so­
cial-demokratebi... (xmauroba).
Tavmjdomare. gTxovT nu uSliT orators, mieciT saSualeba si­
tyvis damTavrebisa.
i. nucubiZe. muSaTa sabWom, sadac social-demokratebi arian ga­
ba­tonebulni, TviT aiyara Zala-ufleba, radgan egona, rom social-­
demokratiuli mTavroba daicavda mis interesebs. magaram iq, sadac
social-demokratebi arian gamefebuli, muSebi ar uTmoben da Tavis
uflebebze uars ar amboben. amaSia saqme. me mogaxsenebT, rom es meore
ukiduresobaa. rogorc muSaTa organizaciebi, ise saxelmwifo orga­
noebi unda emsaxurebodnen erT da imave mizans, magram unda hqondeT
sxva da sxva funqciebi. muSaTa organizaciebma revoliucionurad
unda gawrTvnan muSebi, saxelmwifom ki Tvisi saqme unda gaakeTos. ase­
Ti urTierToba muSaTa organizaciebisa da saxelmwifos organoebs
Soris mogvcems marTlac demokratiul wyobilebas da demokratiul
respublikas. ra mohyveba im wesebs, romlebic CvenSia gamefebuli? ra
mohyveba partiul devnas ama Tu im uwyebaSi social-demokratiul
mTavrobis mier? mohyveba erTad-erTi, politikuri brZola miiRebs
ara-sasurvel xasiaTs, partiuli damokidebuleba metad mwvave iqne­

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ba da aqedan bunebrivi Sedegi iqneba is, rom ar gveqneba WeSmariti
demokratiuli wyobileba.
Tavmjdomare. Tqveni dro gavida.
i. nucubiZe. samwuxarod dro aRar maqvs. saerTod unda aRiniSnos
batonebo, rom rodesac kamaTi Seexeba...
Tavmjdomare. Tqveni dro gaTavda. metis laparaki aRar SeiZleba.
sityva ekuTvnis b. mgelaZes.
d. mgelaZe. aq ilaparakes im dokumentebis siyalbeze, romelic Cem
mier iyo moyvanili. me Cem mier moyvanil sabuTebs vadastureb im „pod­
linikiT“ – dedaniT, romelzedac xeli uweria TviT b. berZeniSvils.
(kiTxulobs). TqvenTvis, b. dadiano, Tqvens amxanagebs yalbi cnobebi
mouwodebiaT, amas exlave dagimtkicebT. mibrZaneT, b. dadiano, ro­
mel incidentze laparakobT, romelic veliscixeSi mouvida, Tu kul­
tukSi? erT saqmeSi, marTalia, is gamarTlda, magram im dokumentiT,
romelic me wamovayene, is ar gaumarTlebiaT. im komisiaSi, romelic
berZeniSvilis saqmes arCevda, Tqvenc iRebdiT, b. deputato, monawil­
eobas. (dadiani: is komisia ki ar iyo, aramed samediatoro sasamarT­
lo!) miT uaresi TqvenTvis. (s. dadiani: frTxilad iyaviT b. mgelaZe,
Torem me kidev gamoval!).
Tavmjdomare. b. dadiano, aseT sityvebs nu ixmarT. (xmauri) gTx­
ovT dawynardeT.
d. mgelaZe. me mxolod vityvi imaze, razedac Tqven ilaparakeT,
raki Tqven wamoayeneT iseTi sabuTebi da Tu ki is dasaSvebia, me
Sevecdebi pasuxi gagceT. ai erTi sabuTic aq sweria: (kiTxulobs).
(dadiani: Tqven gamoqeqeT Zveli dokumentebi!) am Cems naTqvams arc b.
berZeniSvili uaryofs, is TiTon adasturebs amas: (kiTxulobs) is Ti­
Ton Txoulobda ama da am moxelis gamogzavnas. (i. baraTaSvili: Дѣло
справедливое!) es marTalia, magram xoni ra SuaSia? Tu is icavs qarTveli
eris interesebs, Tu is pativs scems mTel ers, maSin gana SeiZleba man
sTqvas mTel qalaqze, mTel raionze is, rasac is aq swers? (kiTxulobs).
aq Seexen gamocdebs da sTqves, rom amaze auarebeli masalebi daix­
arja da araviTari nayofi ar moutaniao. aq laparaki ar unda iyos dax­
arjvaze, radganac Cven gvaqvs sadguri 25 aTasi cxenis Zalisa da ara
Tu ar gvixdeba am Zalis sruliad moxmara, piriqiT, naklebi gvyofnis
da amitom gamocdebiT saxelmwifosaTvis araviTari zarali ar migvi­
yenebia. egzamenebis Semdeg aravin ar dagviTxovia da arc qonia aseTi
miznebi gamocdebs. gamocdebis mizani iyo is, rom mosamsaxureebs saqme
Seeswavla. gamocdebs marTlac kargi nayofi moyva. damaxinjeba amis
Semdeg ise ar xdeba, rogorc wineT.
aq axali sakiTxi wamoayenes, es aris 300 aTasi maneTis Sesaxeb. es
Tanxa iyo gadmocemuli administraciisaTvis, rom mosamsaxureebs mo­
exmaraT es Taxa sursaT-sanovagis SesZenad. am saqmis mosagvareblad
Cem mier Sedgenili iyo komiteti paritetul niadagze. am komitetSi
Seviden: Cemi TanaSemwe, centraluri gamgeobis wevri, erTi Cemi mox­

112
ele, romlis sindisSi darwmunebuli viyaviT da sxv. me mgonia, rom aq
raRac gaugebroba aris, Torem SeuZlebelia vinmes es fulebi mieT­
visebinos. da Tu vinmem es fulebi miiTvisa, es pirni ageben pasuxs.
aq laparaki iyo kidev imaze, rom viTom me erTi davsaje depeSebis
gadamaxinjebis Sesaxeb ufro mcire sasjeliT, meore ki imav danaSauli­
saTvis ufro metad. amis Sesaxeb aq sabuTi ar mouyvaniaT da arc me vi­
laparakeb, mxolod Tu vinmes surs saqmis gamorkveva da ainteresebs
es, mas SeuZlia mobrZandes sammarTveloSi, iq karebi Riaa da SeuZlia
gaecnos viTarebas da Tu vinme iq dainaxavs raime subieqtur elemen­
tis Setanis nasaxs, pasuxismgebeli me viqnebi. rac Seexeba gaerovnebas,
unda mogaxsenoT, rom is agvistoSi daiwyo da ara maSin, rodesac iyo
p. masalkini da am saqmis keTebaSi mec viRebdi monawileobas.
wineT „saxalxo saqme“ swerda da dRes ki b. dadianmac sTqva, rom
mgelaZes araferi gaegeba im saqmis, romlis saTaveSi is ariso. me am
SemTxvevaSi ar SemiZlia Sevejibro b. dadians, magram unda vsTqva
Semdegi: saerTo wesebis da praqtikis Tanaxmad fostalioni 3 Tvis
Semdeg iWers telegrafis moxelis adgils. rogorc xedavT es arc ise
Zneli saqme yofila. me mgonia, rom im pirs, romelsac daubrkolebliv
gauTavebia umaRlesi saswavlebeli, ar gauWirdeboda ori wlis gan­
mavlobaSi Seewavla is saqme, romlis saTaveSi is sdgas. aq sTqves, rom
kerZo laparakisaTvis gadayenebul iqnen vasaZe, bernami da sx., xolo
mefariSvili ar iyo gadayenebuli amave danaSaulisaTviso. me katego­
riulad vacxadeb, rom bermani, vasaZe da sx. ar yofilan gadayenebulni
laparakisaTvis, aramed isini daTxovnil iqnen samsaxuridan sul sxva
saqmisaTvis.
aq naTqvami iyo agreTve, rom gadayvan-gadmoyvana xdeba partiul
niadagzeo. me vamtkiceb, rom es srulebiT ar Seefereba simarTles. ai
sabuTic: Cems kancelariaSi gamgeT aris vinme fulaSvili federalis­
ti, iqve CemTan msaxurobs cagareiSvili, kidev soc.-federalisti, Sem­
deg mTels respublikaSi fostis tarebis saqme abaria kidev soc.-fed­
eralists. (i. maWavariani: amdeni socialistebi rom SegiyriaT, imitom
aris saqme rom kargad midis!) maS viszea laparaki? vis vdevniT Cven?
Tu vinmes danaSauli Caudenia da dasasjeli aris, CvenTvis sul erTia
soc.-demokrati iqneba is, Tu soc.-federalisti – yvelas davsjiT.
aq sTqves korespodenciebis Sesaxeb, rom wineT 20 aTasi igzavnebo­
da, am Jamad ki mxolod 5 aTasi igzavneba da es arc ise didiao. b-n da­
dians unda moexsenebodes, rom wineT es korespodenciebi igzavneboda
ruseTSi, evropaSi, aziaSi, exla yazbegis da baTumis iqiT arsad ar ig­
zavneba fostiT. magram miuxedavad amisa, SedarebiT exla sulze gagza­
vnili korespodenciis raodenoba gacilebiT metia, vinem es iyo wineT.
aq sTqves raRac vagonebis datvirTvaze, masalebis gadazidvaze
da sxva. me amis Sesaxeb araviTari cnoba ara maqvs. da Tu vinmem raime
borotmoqmedeba Caidina, is pasuxs agebs da dasjili iqneba. magram
gana iqneba partiuli devna?

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 aq ilaparakes miqaZis Sesaxeb. me am sferoSi viyavi, sadac miqaZe
iyo da mTxova, gadayvanil iyos mis samSobloSi. me mas davpirdi, rom
es usaTuod iqneboda, radganac, rogorc sTqva, araviTar sargeblo­
bas ar moutanda saqmes, Tu is Tavis samSobloSi ar iqneboda gaday­
vanili da mxolod am imediT SemiZlia SevirTo colio. me uTxari, rom
Tqven sruli imedi gqondeT, rom gadayvanili iqnebiT samegreloSi.
marTlac ise moxda. is cxovrobda mRvdlis ojaxSi da iq iqorwila.
es saintereso ar aris. mxolod saqme imaSia, rom rac Tqven mier iyo
moyvanili depeSis Sesaxeb, gamorkveuli unda iyos, radgan Cemi rCeva
iyo mxolod, rom nu wava im ojaxidan, sadac man TiTqmis erTi weli
icxovra. me mas erTnairi daxmareba aRmouCine da amis ufleba mqonda,
rogorc ufross. am saqmeSi is mRvdeli ufro dainteresebuli iyo,
vidre me. da sanamde es saqme sasamarTlomde ar mivida, Zneli iyo maTi
morigeba, aq ki morigdnen. me garwmunebT amaSi da amis sabuTebs rode­
sac gnebavT, mogarTmevT.
rac Seexeba kerZo laparaks – aris amnairi SemTxveva. Tqvenma gamo­
Cenilma partiulma wevrma mommarTa TxovniT, rom mimeca saSualeba,
rom mas Tavisi coli gamoeZaxa WiaTuridan aparatiT. kerZo aris es,
magram, radgan muSaoba ar iyo da es ar Seaferxebda ise saqmes, mas mive­
ci amis saSualeba, miT umetes, rom es kerZo laparaki iyo, magram didi
mniSvneloba hqonda Tqveni amxanagisaTvis; Tqveni fraqciis wevrni,
damfuZnebel krebis wevrni xSirad sargebloben aparatiT kerZo saq­
misaTvis. marTalia me gankarguleba maqvs da kategoriulad brZanebac
b. ministrisagan, rom ar mivce neba kerZo laparakisa aravis, magram
roca amas aucilebloba moiTxovs vaZlevT, da Tqvenc rom mobrZandeT
mogcemT laparakis saSualebas, mxolod erTi pirobiT, rom iq saqme ar
Seferxdes.
ase rom axali aq, garda miqaZisa, araferi ar Tqmula da Tu ki iqne­
ba axali saTqmeli, Cems mier iqneba wamoyenebuli axali sabuTi da do­
kumenti.
erTi Txovna iqneba Cemi partiuli amxanagebisadmi, romlebic ar­
ian fosta-telegrafis uwyebaSi. isini akeTeben ara partiul, ara
profesionalur saqmes. isini dabneulni arian. me, sxvaTa Soris, vi­
yavi amgvari laparakis mowme – etyoboda socialist-federalistebi
iyvnen, isini elaparakebodnen erTmaneTs: damTavrda partiuli yri­
loba da gamoitanes rezoliucia – sastiki opozicia mTavrobas da
mis agentebso da es, rogorc etyoba, ver SeugniaT ise, rogorc Tqven.
sruliad ar arian momzadebulni am profesionalur moZraobisTvis.
me Tqven dagisaxelebT sabuTebs, Tu ki es saWiro iqneba. marTlac am
profesionalur saqmes momzadeba unda, erTi 2-3 wigni mainc unda
hqondeT gadakiTxuli am dargSi. amas me gulwrfelad mogaxsenebT.
amisTvis Cemi umorCilesi Txovna iqneba: iq aravin aravis sdevnis da
arasodes ar eqneba amas adgili, Tu aq iqneba erTi ram daculi – iqne­
ba interesi samsaxurisadmi. magaliTad berZeniSvili dRemde msax­

114
urobda, axlac ar aris dasaTxovni samsaxuridan, Tu ki Tvis codnas
da gamocdilebas samsaxuris saqmes moandomebs. Cven samsaxuridan arc
viTxovT da arc daviTxovT, mxolod erT rames veubnebiT maT: samsax­
uris dros SeasruleT is, rac samsaxurs ekuTvnis. aq aris am darbazSi
moxele, romelic dagidasturebT rac vTqvi iq, quTaisSi. me vTqvi, rom
am kedelSi araviTar partiobas ar unda hqondes adgili, partiuli
moRvaweni Tqven quCaSi xarT. es iyo Cemi sityva iq da me didad samwux­
arod mimaCnia is, rom iTqva aq is, rac ar unda Tqmuliyo da gvaiZules
gavCerebuliyaviT imaze, razedac ar unda SevCerdeT damfuZnebel
krebaSi, radgan Cven sul sxva warmodgenisa varT masze.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. giorgi lasxiSvils.
giorgi lasxiSvili. (s.-f.) batonebo! kamaTi am saganze Zalian
gagrZelda. me sityva aviRe ara imisTvis, rom kamaTSi Caverio, aramed
minda erTgvari gancxadeba da ganmarteba gavakeTo im sityvis zogi­
erT nawilis Seaxeb, romelic warmosTqva Sinagan-saqmeTa ministrma
da romelic Semdeg gaimeora b. niniZem. es pirveli ar aris, rom am kaT­
edridan saxalxo ganaTlebis saministrosken isvrian qvebs, rodesac
ki es dasWirdebaT.
Tavmjdomare. Tqven am sakiTxis Sesaxeb gnebavT, Tu sapirado gan­
cxadebisaTvis? gnebavT, Semdeg mogecemaT sityva.
g. lasxiSvili. me minda ganmarteba mogaxsenoT b. ministris gancxa­
debis gamo.
Tavmjdomare. magis Sesaxeb Semdeg mogecemaT sityva. am gvarad
kamaTi dasrulebuli gaxlavT. ukanaskneli sityva ekuTvnis b. momxse­
nebels.
i. salayaia. (momx.) b. dadiani gamovida aq da ase egona, rom sa­
samarTloSia da icavs berZeniSvils, an repeticias akeTebda, rom
sasamarTloSi wasuliyo da berZeniSvili daecva. samwuxarod aseTi
roli ikisra damfuZnebul krebis wevrma b. dadianma. me ki vfiqrob,
rom dadianis loRikas, rom gavyveT, maSin is Statebi, romlebic
warmodgenilia, ar unda miviRoT. mxolod me vfiqrob, rom im uw­
yebas da moxeleebs, romelic am uwyebas emsaxurebian, Zalian bevri
saqme aqvT gakeTebuli da amitom vamtkiceb am Statebs da jamagire­
bis momatebas. aq mogaxsenes, rogorc ministrma, ise uwyebis mox­
elem, rom 1918 wels respublikaSi yofila 90 fosta teleg. dawese­
buleba. es imas niSnavs, rom uwyebaSi didi muSaoba swarmoebda ara
marto moxeleebis, aramed yvela mosamsaxureebis mier. marTalia
iqneba gamonaklisi 5 proc. – 10 proc., rac yvela dawesebulebaSi
xdeba da saqme, rom Seferebuli yofiliyo, eWvs gareSea, arc amdeni
fosta-telegrafi gaSendeboda da arc amdeni telefoni iqneboda.
aq b. dadiani brZanebda, rom saerTod winaaRmdegi ar aris gamoc­
debisa, magram sTqva rom am egzamenebma gamoiwvia didi xarjebi, ro­
melic partiul miznebisTvis iyo Seqmnili. me ki vfiqrob, aq, rom
partiuli mizani yofiliyo dasaxuli, eWvs gareSea 106 kacidan, sa­

115
dac 80 ara social-demokrati iyo, ramodenime kaci mainc CaiWrebo­
da. radgan rac unda kargi momzadebuli iyo, mainc Tu ki vismes unda
CaWra, CaWris. albaT dadiansac egona, rom momzadebuli iyo, magram
CaiWra. (s. dadiani: raSi, raSi?) ai imaSi, leqsebi, rom moiyvaneT. (s.
dadiani: Tqven raSi CaiWeriT?) exla Tqvenze aris laparaki da ara
Cemze, roca Cems Sesaxeb iqneba laparaki, maSin TqviT raSi CaviWeri.
saerTod am dawesebulebas kargad miyavs saqme. me ar vityvi, rom nak­
li ar iyos, magram saerTod mdgomareoba iseTia, rom SesaZlebelia
sxva uwyebaSi ar iyos gakeTebuli imdeni saqme, rogorc am uwyebaSi.
mTeli evropaSi 2-3 saxelmwifo Tu gvajobebs fosta teleg. da tel.
qselT siuxviT da am mxriv, mxolod 6-8 Tve iqneba saWiro, rom Cve­
ni mdgomareoba evropis mdgomareobaze ukeTesi gaxdes. es momateba
swored Rirseuli aris am mosamsaxureTaTvis. me ar Sevexebi im dem­
agogias, romelic aq ixmares da vTxov damfuZnebel krebas, rom es
warmodgenili dekreti miiRos.
Tavmjdomare. kamaTi dasrulebuli gaxlavT. sanam muxlobriv
ganxilvas SeudgebodeT, sapirado sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis b.
giorgi lasxiSvils.
g. lasxiSvili. (s.-f.) im fraqciidan, romelsac ekuTvnis b. niniZe
da n. ramiSvili, ramodenimejer moiyvanes magaliTad, rom soc.-fed­
eralistebis mier naanderZevi saministro savse iyo soc.-federal­
istebiTo. me vambob, amis aq gamotana ar iyo saWiro, me ar vici raze
laparakobs b. ramiSvili, Tu is saxalxo skolis maswavleblebze am­
bobs, maSin ra Cemi bralia, rom soc.-federalistebSi bevri pedago­
gebi iyvnen. da Tu saministros kancelariaze mogaxsenebdaT is, maSin
unda ganvacxado Semdegi: amis Sesaxeb gazeTSiac daibeWda da me mov­
iTxove saTanado cnobebi, romlidanac gamoirkva, rom kancelariaSi
iyo sul 5 soc.-demokrati da amdenive soc.-federalisti mosamsax­
ure da danarCenebi ki nac.-demokratebi, an upartio aRmoCnden. aseTi
aris cnoba dabal moxeleebis Sesaxeb. rac Seexeba maRal moxeleebs,
me bevrs mivmarTe TxovniT, mivmarTe l. naTaZesac. mas umTavresi pos­
ti aramc Tu SevsTavaze saministroSi, aramed Tavi movabezre 3 Tvis
ganmavlobaSi TxovniT. mivmarTe n. cincaZesac, eqv. TayaiSvilsac, ma­
gram yvelasagan uari miviRe, Semdeg me iZulebuli viyavi ukol beriZe
dameniSna direqtoraT. amas Cavdiodi imitom, rom Cems partiul amx­
anags Zalas vatandi, xolo sxvebisaTvis ar SemeZlo Zalis dataneba. am­
itom me mikvirs raT gadaiqca es salaparakoT? b. ramiSvils aseTebis
Tqma ar ekadreba. man sTqva, rom aravin ar gamomicvlia saministro­
Sio. es WeSmaritebaa, amas mec vadastureb. marTlac fiqrobden, rom
axali ministri cvlilebebs moaxdenso, es Tu gnebavs damaxasiaTebeli
movlenaa, es niSnavs, rom aseTi tendencia devnisa arsebobs. me ki gad­
aWriT vacxadeb, rom aravisgan ar momiTxovia politikuri pasporti,
Tqma Cemze, rom iq federalistebi gaamefos da aq boroti enis nalapa­
rakevis gamotana ar ekadreba b. ministrs.

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 Tavmjdomare. sapirado sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis k. niniZes.
k. niniZe. me vadasturebdi saerTo sistemas da b. ramiSvilmac daa­
dastura. es xalxi marTla miCveuli iyo aseT moqmedebas. piradaT b.
lasxiSvils me pativs vcem da arc mgonia, rom man piradaT es qna. da Tu
piradaT b. lasxiSvils raime Seuracyofa mivayene, me bodiSs vixdi,
magram me vlaparakob saerTo sistemaze da ara piradaT lasxiSvilze.
Tavmjdomare. sapirdapiro sakiTxisaTvis sityva b. ramiSvils
ekuTvnis.
n. ramiSvili. me ar mindoda aq Tqvens winaSe gamosvla, magram im si­
tyvebis Semdeg, romelic aq sruliad daumsaxureblaT wamoisrola b.
lasxiSvilma, es aucilebeli xdeba. me ar miTqvams, rom b. lasxiSvili
piradaT partiul wevrebs ayenebda maswavleblaT, laparaki iyo ara
maswavleblebis Sesaxeb, aramed saministros Sesaxeb. me mxolod gan­
vacxade, rom miuxedavad imisa, rom mTeli es uwyeba federalistebis
xelSi iyo da moelodnen daTxovnas, me iq araviTari cvlileba ar mo­
mixdenia, b. lasxiSvilma kargaT icis, rom me saerTod ara maqvs da arc
meqneba aseTi sistema. (baraTaSvili: es ase ar aris?) naTqvams gageba
unda. mesmis, roca b. dadians da Rlonts ar esmis es. isini mudam par­
tiuli JinianobiT xelmZRvanelobden da arasodes ar SeuZlianT ama­
Rlden saxelmwifoebriv simaRleze, magram yofil ministrs b. lasx­
iSvils ki unda gaegebodes es (xmebi: es meore pasuxia!) b. lasxiSvilis
gamosvla iwvevs amas.
Tavmjdomare. kamaTi am rigaT dasrulebuli gaxlavT. soc.-demok.
fraqciisagan Semosulia winadadeba kanon-proeqtis dekretis saxiT
ganxilvis Sesaxeb. vin aris amis winaaRmdegi? aravin. gadavdivarT
muxlobriv ganxilvaze.
muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna mcire Ses­
worebebiT da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias.

3. saxelmwifo kontrolioris sazRvar gareT

wasvlis uflebis micemis Sesaxeb.

Tavmjdomare. acxadebs, rom, gadasawyvetia sakiTxi saxelmwifo

kontroliors neba daerTos miiRos monawileoba evropaSi gasag­
zavn saekonomio delegaciaSi. damfuZnebeli kreba erTxmad adgens:
saxelmwifo-kontroliors neba daerTos miiRos monawileoba evro­
paSi gasagzavn delegaciaSi da am mizniT igi ganTavisuflebul iqnas
sami vadiT.

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 me-4 saboloo teqsti dekretisa damf. krebaSi
arCevnebis saWiroebisaTvis damatebiT
1/2 mil. man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.

qr. SaraSiZis asuli. (kiTxulobs saboloo teqsts dekret. damf.

kr. arCev. saWiroeb. damat. naxevar mil. man. gadadebis Sesaxeb, rasac
damf. kreba amtkicebs.)
mdivani kiTxulobs Semdegi sxdomis dRiur wesrigs, ris Semdeg
Tavmjdomare sxdomas daxurulad acxadebs.
sxdoma ixureba Ramis 11 saaT. 10 wuTze.

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 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

mexuTe sxdoma

(5)

1920 weli. martis 26. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1) saboloo teqstebis damtkiceba.

2) dekreti tfilisis fosta-telegr. olqis sammar. gauqmebisa da
saqar. respub. f.-teleg. da telefonis sammarT. daarsebis Sesaxeb.
3) dekreti migdebul bavSvTa TavSesaf. daarsebis da Statis
damtkiceba.
4) dekreti gazeT „saqarTvelos respublikis“ savaldebulo gan­
cxadebis fasis gadidebisa.
5) dekreti baTomis qarTul gimnaziis erTdroul daxmarebis
260.000 maneTis gadadebis Sesaxeb.
6) muxlobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa sasjelis wesdeb. da sas­
jelis debulebis jarimis gadidebis Sesaxeb.
7) muxlobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa resp. sapyrobileTa Sta­
tis da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
8) zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa quTaisSi meore xarisxis saba­
Jos daarsebis Sesaxeb.
9) dekreti fostis gadazidvis xarjebis dasafaravad 4.034.304
man. da 92 kap. gadadebisa.
10) dekreti gzaTa uwyebis mosams. dR. sargos normis Secvlisa.
11) dekreti miwad-moqmedebis ministris gankargulebaSi sameur­
neo iaraRis da masalebis SesaZenad 1.140.000 man. gadadebisa.
12) dekreti qarTul erovnul samxatvro galereis daarsebisa.
13) muxlobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa Sinagan-saqmeTa saminis­
tros kancelariis da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.

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 14) dekreti saqonlis Wiris sawinaaRmdego Sratis damzadebis
sadguris tabaxmelaSi meliqiSvilis mamulis SesaZenad 1.060.000 man.
gadadebis Sesaxeb.
15) dekreti saxalxo skolebis maswavl. 5 wleulebis daskmayo­
fileblad 4.143.333 man. gadadebisa.
16) muxlobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa Sromis saministros
xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
17) dekreti saqalaqTaSoriso telefonis qselis mosawyobad
9.986.000 man. gadadebis da amave saWiroebisaTvis 291.251 man. da kap.
Rir. masalis micemis Sesaxeb.
18) muxlob. ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa saxaz. rk. gzis WiaTuris
Stoze gansakuTrebuli tarifis mospobis Sesaxeb.
19) dekreti pir. dawyebiTi skolebis maswavl. mokle vadian kur.
daarsebisaTvis 24.000 man. gadadebisa.
20) dekreti svaneTSi samk. daw. Statis da xarjT-aRric. damtk.
Sesaxeb.
21) dekreti miwad-moq. min. gankarg. 551.333 man. gadadebisa. aja­
meTis sarwyav arxis SesakeTeblad.
22) zog. gan. kan.-pr. gzaTa dep. centr. org. St. gadidebis da ja­
magirebis momatebis Sesaxeb.
23) zog. gan. kan.-pr. Sin.-saq. saminist. veterinalur sanitar. gan.
saveterinaro Sratis damz. sadg. St. da xarjT-aRric. damtk. Sesaxeb.
24) dekr. samx. sasamar. da prokur. zedamx. droebiTi Statis da
xarjT-aRricxvis Sesaxeb.
25) dekreti q. ozurgeTis TviT. 300.000 m. mokle vadian sesxis mi­
cemisa.
26) dekr. tfilisis saxel. universitetis damatebiTi xarjT-aR­
ricxvis damtkicebisa.
27) saboloo teqstebis damtkiceba.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris ufrosi am­

xanagi
al. lomTaTiZe.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivani k. jafariZe.
prezidiumSi aris eqvT. TayaiSvili.
sxdoma ixsneba SuadRis 12 s. da 50 wT.
Tavmjdomare. sxdoma gaxsnili gaxlavT. gTxovT dabrZandeT da
moisminoT dRiuri wesrigi.
mdivani (kiTxulobs).

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 dRis wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – respublikis fosta-telegrafis,

fostis, telegrafis da telefonis adgilobriv dawesebulebaTa Sta­
tisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
2. saboloo teqsti fosta-telegrafis nixris gadidebis dekretisa.
3. dekreti – tfilisis fosta-telegrafis olqis sammarTvelos
gauqmebisa da saqarTvelos respublikis fosta-telegrafis da tele­
fonis sammarTvelos daarsebis Sesaxeb.
4. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – quTaisSi me-2
xarisxis sabaJos daarsebis Sesaxeb.
5. dekreti – fostis gadazidvis xarjis dasafaravad 4.034.304 man.
da 9 kap. gadadebisa.
6. dekreti – gzaTa uwyebis mosamsaxureTaTvis dRiuri sargos
normebis Secvlisa.
7. dekreti – gazeT „saqarTvelos respublikis“ savaldebulo
gancxadebisaTvis dawesebul fasis gadidebisa.
8. dekreti – miwad-moqmedebis ministris sameurneo iaraRisa da
masalis SesaZenad 1.140.000 man. gadadebisa.
9. dekreti – saqarTvelos erovnuli samxatvro galereis daarse­
bisa.
10. dekreti – baTomis qarTul gimnaziisaTvis erTdroul dax­
marebad 260.000 man. gadadebisa.
11. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – Sinagan-saqmeTa
saministros kancelariis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.
12. dekreti – migdebul bavSvTa TavSesafris daarsebisa da Sta­
tis damtkicebisa.
13. dekreti – saqonlis Wiris sawinaaRmdego Sratis dammzadeb­
el sadgurisaTvis s. tabaxmelaSi meliqiSvilis mamulis SesaZenad
1.060.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.
14. dekreti – saxalxo skolis maswavlebelTa xuTwleulebiT da­
sakmayofileblad 4.193.333 man. gadadebisa.
15. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – sasjelTa wes­
debis da sasjelTa debulebis jarimis gadidebis Sesaxeb.
16. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – momrigebel sa­
samarTlos dawesebulebaTa qvemdebareobis Sesaxeb.
17. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – Sromis samin­
istros Statis da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
18. dekreti – saqalaqTaSoriso telefonis qselis mosawyobad
9.786.000 man. gadadebisa da amave saWiroebisaTvis 291.251 man. da 40 k.
Rirebuli masalis micemis Sesaxeb.
19. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – saxazino rki­
nisgzis WiaTuris Stoze gansakuTrebuli tarifis mospobis Sesaxeb.

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 20. dekreti – pirvel-dawyebiTi skolebis maswavlebelTaTvis mok­
levadiani kursebis daarsebisa da saamisod 240.000 man. gadadebisa.
21. dekreti – svaneTis samkurnalo dawesebulebaTa Statisa da
xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.
22. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – respublikis sa­
pyrobileTa Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
23. dekreti – miwad-moqmedebis ministris gankargulebaSi 551.333
m. gadadebisa ajameTis sarwyavi arxis SesakeTeblad.
24. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – gzaTa departa­
mentis centraluri organos Statis gadidebisa da jamagiris nawi­
lobriv momatebis Sesaxeb.
25. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – Sinagan-saqmeTa
saministros veterinar-sasanitaro ganyofilebis, saveterinaro per­
sonalis da Sratis dammzadebel sadguris Statisa da xarjT-aRricx­
vis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
26. dekreti – samxedro sasamarTlos da prokuroris zedamxedve­
lobis droebiTi Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.
27. dekreti – qal. ozurgeTis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis 300.000
man. mokle-vadiani sesxis micemisa.
28. SekiTxva damf. krebis wevris gr. veSapelisa mTavrobisadmi
tyis kanonis Seusruleblobis Sesaxeb.
29. dekreti – tfilisis saxelmwifo universitetis damatebiTi
xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.
Tavmjdomare. Semosulia ori winadadeba dRiur wesrigis Secv­
lis Sesaxeb, erTi gr. veSapelis da meore soc.-demok. fraqciisagan.
pirveli moiTxovs dRiur wesrigidan misi SekiTxvis amoSlas, meore
– sakiTxebis gadasm-gadmosmas. saxeldobr: me-4 sakiTxad wavides me-
12 sakiTxi, me-5-e sakiTxad – me-7 sak., me-6-ed – me-10, me-7-ed – me-15,
me-8-ed – me-16, me-9-ed – me-22 da meore – „tfilisis fosta-telegraf­
is olqis sammarTvelos gauqmebisa da saqarTvelos respublikis fos­
ta-telegrafisa da telefonis sammarTvelos daarsebis dekretis“
saboloo teqsti dResve iqnes miRebuli. sityva xom aravis surs? vin
aris winaaRmdegi Semosul winadadebaTa? aravin. miRebulia. pirvel
sakiTxs mogaxsenebT batoni iv. gomarTeli.

1. saboloo teqstebis damtkiceba.

iv. gomarTeli (kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigis pirvel da meore mux­

lSi aRniSnul kanonmdeblobiTi aqtebis saboloo teqstebs, romel­
Tac amtkicebs damf. kreba.)

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 2. dekreti tfilisis f.-t. sammarTvelos gauqmebisa da
saqarT. respublikis f.-t. sammarTvelos daarsebis Sesaxeb.

Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sityva ekuTvnis momx. salayaias.

salayaia (momxs.) amas wined Cven miviReT Stati da xarjT-aR­
ricxva fosta-telegrafis uwyebisa. warmodgenili proeqti ki Seex­
eba tfilisis fosta-telegrafis olqis sammarTvelos gauqmebisa da
saqarTvelos respublikis fosta-telegrafis da telefonis sammarT­
velos daarsebas. es sammarTvelo Sesdgeba ramodenime ganyofilebi­
sagan: 1) saerTo ganyofileba, 2) saangariSo ganyofileba, 3) sain­
speqcio ganyofileba, 4) texnikuri ganyofileba, 5) registratura da
6) telefonze morigeoba. warmodgenili Statebis da xarjT-aRricx­
vis Sedgenis dros miRebuli iyo mxedvelobaSi mxolod minimaluri
moTxovnilebani arsebul pirobebis mixedviT. es dekreti ganxiluli
iyo sauwyebaTaSoriso komisiis mier, Semdeg vaWroba-mrewvelobis
ministris mier da agreTve saxelmwifo kontrolioris mier. sabiu­
jeto-safinanso komisiamac ganixila ra es dekreti, Suamdgomlobs
damf. krebis winaSe iqnes igi dadasturebuli.
Tavmjdomare. soc.-dem. fraqciis mier aris Semotanili Seswore­
ba jamagirebis Sesaxeb da es Sesworeba aris aseTi: meoTxe muxli am­
oiSalos sruliad da meoTxe muxlad miRebul iqnas Semdegi: „meore
muxlSi aRniSnul Statze ar vrceldeba damfuZnebli krebis mier am
dekretis miRebamde dawesebuli momatebani“. xom aravin inebebs sity­
vas? sityva aravis surs. Tqveni daskvna, batono momxsenebelo?
salayaia. sabiujeto-safinanso komisiis saxeliT winaaRmdegi var.
Tavmjdomare. kenWs uyri Sesworebas. vin aris winaaRmdegi? vin
aris momxre Sesworebisa? Sesworeba miRebulia.
(dekretis yvela muxlebi miRebul iqna Cveulebrivi wesiT, garda
meoTxe muxlisa, romelic winaaRmdeg momxsenebel salayaias azrisa,
soc.-dem. fraqciis winadadebis Tanaxmad amoRebul iqna sruliad da
miRebuli mis magivrad zemo moyvanili Tavmjdomaris mier wakiTxuli
teqsti).
Semdegi sityva ekuTvnis momx. iv. gomarTels.

3. dekreti migdebul bavSvTa TavSesaf.

daarsebis da Statis damtkiceba.

iv. gomarTeli (momxsenebeli). proeqti dekretisa warmodgenili

gaxlavT Sinagan-saqmeTa saministros mier da exeba migdebul bavSvTa
TavSesafris Statis da xarjT-aRricxvis miRebas. Tqven kargad mo­
gexsenebaT yvelas, rom migdebuli bavSvebi warmoadgenen dRevandel
ukuRmarT weswyobilebis pirdapir Sedegs. maTze zrunva da patrono­

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ba yovelTvis saxelmwifos xelSi iyo. tfilisSiac iyo migdebuli
bavSvTa TavSesafari olRas institutTan erTad 40 wlis ganmavloba­
Si. magram saerTod unda mogaxsenoT, rom is wesier niadagze ver iyo
dayenebuli amdenxans. amis Sesaxeb iyo laparaki Cven sazogadoebaSi
da agreTve presaSiac, sadac gamoTqvamden erTgvar ukmayofilebas mis
mouwyoblobis gamo, risi Sedegic iyo is, rom didi nawili bavSvebi­
sa ixoceboda. dRes Sinagan-saqmeTa saministrosagan ganzraxuli aris
gamoyos da calke daarsos es dawesebuleba, romlis mizani iqneba mov­
la-patronoba migdebul bavSvebisa.
Tavmjdomare. sityvas xom aravin inebebs zogadi msjelobisaTvis?
sityva aravis nebavs. gTxovT waikiTxoT saTauri da muxlebi.
iv. gomarTeli (kiTxulobs saTaurs da dekretis muxlebs, romleb­
sac damf. kreba iRebs Cveulebrivi wesiT).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sityva ekuTvnis baton cabaZes.

4. dekreti gazeT „saqarTvelos respublikis“ savaldebulo

gan­c xadebis dawesebul fasis gadidebis Sesaxeb.

v. cabaZe (momxsenebeli). es dekreti warmodgenili gaxlavT Sina­

gan-saqmeTa saministros mier da Seexeba gazeT „saqarTvelos respub­
likaSi“ savaldebulo gancxadebis dabeWdvisaTvis fasis Secvlas.
arsebuli fasi karga xania rac dawesebuli aris. mas Semdeg pirobebi
Zlier Seicvala. fasi yvelaferze sagrZnoblad gadidda – gazeTSi ki
Zveli fasi aris datovebuli. dRes gazeTs yoveli striqonis dabeWd­
va ujdeba sami maneTi da Rebulobs ki maneT naxevridan sam maneTamde.
Tavis-Tavad cxadia redaqcias deficiti aqvs da amitom Zveli fasi
unda Seicvalos Seqmnil pirobebis Tanaxmad.
dekreti Txoulobs am fasis Secvlas. Secvlis ufleba ki unda ga­
daeces mTavrobas. man unda daawesos iseTi fasebi, rac dros da gare­
moebas Seefereba da Tu saWiro iqneba mas SemdegSiac unda hqondes
ufleba Sescvalos es fasebi.
Tavmjdomare. sityvas xom aravin inebebs zogadi msjelobisaTvis?
sityva aravis nebavs. gTxovT waikiTxoT dekreti.
cabaZe (kiTxulobs saTaurs da dekretis muxlebs, romlebsac damf.
kreba iRebs Cveulebrivi wesiT).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sityva ekuTvnis baton imnaiSvils.

5. dekreti baTomis qarTul gimnaziis erTdroul

daxmarebis 260.000 man. gadadebisa.

imnaiSvili. (momxsenebeli). baTomis gimnazia Txoulobs erTdro­

ul daxmarebis saxiT 260 aTas maneTs. rogorc mogexsenebaT baTomis

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gimnazia erTi weliwadia rac arsebobs da am xnis ganmavlobaSi Cven
xazinidan gavida mis sasargeblod ramodenime maneTi. baTomis cxov­
rebis pirobebis gauaresebis gamo baTomis gimnazias dRes aqvs didi
deficiti. da amitom ganaTlebis uwyeba Semodis SuamdgomlobiT
damf. krebis winaSe es deficiti dafarul iqnes. safinanso komisi­
am miiRo es dekreti. mas aqvs agreTve dasturi saxelmwifo kontro­
liorisa.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis sityvas xom aravin inebebs?
sityva aravis surs. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze. (dekretis
yvela muxlebi miRebul iqna damfuZnebel krebis mier Cveulebrivi
wesiT).

6. muxlobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa sasjelis wesdebis

da sasjelis debulebis jarimis gadidebis Sesaxeb.

k. niniZe. (s.-d.) iuridiuli komisiis mxriT kanon-proeqtis sa­

Taursa da TiToeul muxls cal-calke kiTxulobs. damf. kreba
kanon-proeqtebis saTaursa da TiToeul muxls cal-calke Rebulobs
ucvlelad, romelic gadaeca saredaqcio komisias saboloo teqstis
SesamuSaveblad.
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxi gaxlavT – ganxilva kanon-proeqti­
sa respublikis sapyrobileTa Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkice­
bis Sesaxeb. sityva ekuTvnis b. giorgaZes.

7. muxlobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa

respublikis sapyrobileTa Statis da
xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

g. giorgaZe. (s.-d.) warmodgenili gaxlavT gansaxilvelad da da­

sam­tkiceblad sapyrobileTa Statebi da am StatebiT gamowveuli
xarjT-aRricxva; sul mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi uwyeba Txoulobs,
ise rogorc es miiRo safinanso-sabiujeto komisiam (asaxelebs ci­
frs), xolo xuTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi 1 ianvridan dekretSi aRniSnul
Tanxas, roca es sakiTxi irCeoda safinanso komisiaSi, sxdomas daes­
wro uwyebis warmomadgeneli iusticiis ministri, romlis gankar­
gulebaSi imyofeba sapyrobileTa saqme; man komisias gasca pasuxi im
kiTxvebze, romelic mas ainteresebda; da ganmartebiTi baraTidanac
sCans, Tu rogor surs uwyebas moawyos sapyrobileebi. es saqme didi
sakiTxi aris da yvela dawinaurebul qveynebSi mas jerovani yuradRe­
ba eqceva. saxelmwifo valdebulia damnaSave Seipyros da dasajos.
amave dros igi valdebulia Seuqmnas damnaSave pirs iseTi pirobebi
fizikur da zneobriv arsebobisa, rom roca damnaSave sasjels moix­

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dis, igi daubrundes sazogadoebas da Tavisi wvlili Seitanos sazo­
gadoebriv aRmSeneblobaSi. aseTia saxelmwifos movaleoba. sxva da
sxva saxelmwifo am mizans sxva da sxva gziT anxorcielebs. saerTod
cnobilia, rom yoveli kulturuli saxelmwifo cdilobs Sepyrobi­
li piri cud dros ar atarebdes, Sromas mieCvios da codna SeiZinos;
magram es Sroma sxva da sxva nairad SeiZleba gamoiyenon da sxva da
sxva sistema SeiZleba iyos; winad aseTi azri iyo: damnaSave martod
marto unda iyos da imuSaos. aris sxva sistemac, rom erTad iyvnen,
muSaobden da erTmaneTs xmas ar scemden, Cumad iyvnen; es orive siste­
ma uaryofili aris da aRebulia inglis-irlandiuli sistema: damna­
Saveni iyofa jgufebaT; aris sxva da sxva safexurebi, romelic maT
unda gaiaron, rom Sromas mieCvion da codna SeiZinon da garda amisa,
roca sapyrobiledan gamovlen da adgili ara aqvT, Tanxac hqondeT,
rom damoukidebeli arseboba SeZlon. es aris ukanaskneli sistema,
romelic miRebulia yvela kulturul qveynebSi da gansakuTrebiT
Crdilo amerikaSi da inglisSi. warmodgenili kanon-proeqtidan
sCans, rom mTavroba sdgas swored am niadagze; igi sdgas ara marto
im niadagze, rom daiWiros is damnaSave, romelic daarRvevs saxel­
mwifo, sazogadoebriv Tu kerZo interesebis damcvel wesebs, ar­
amed miaqcios yuradReba, rom damnaSveni cudaT dros ar atarebden,
moemzados da dabrundes rogorc sazogadoebisaTvis sasargeblo
wevri, romelic Tavis movaleobas Seasrulebs. damnaSaveTa fizikur
an normalur pirobebSi Cayeneba – amisTvis aris calke Tanxa, epidemi­
is winaaRmdeg brZolisaTvis kidev gansakuTrebuli Tanxaa da saer­
Tod unda iqnes miRebuli zomebi SepyrobilTa cxovrebis rigianad
mowyobisaTvis; Senobebi da kamerebi, mag. unda iyos gasufTavebuli
– aq calke Tanxa gaxlavT; rom sapyrobile wmindaT iqnes mowyobili
amisaTvisac gansazRvruli Tanxa aris, da agreTve gansakuTrebuli
Tanxa aris damnaSaveTaTvis samuSevaris Sesaqmnelad. aseTi samuSeva­
ris naxva advili ar aris da nel-nela unda moxerxdes. ruseTis cix­
eebi saamisod srulebiT ar iyo mowyobili da uwyeba am garemoebas
did yuradRebas aqcevs. garda amisa tusaRebis Sesanaxavad uwyebis
mier gamoTxovilia kacze 25 man. komisiam didi siZviris gamo es gaa­
dida 35 maneTamde. agreTve saWiroa Cacma-daxurvaze zrunva; avad­
myof tusaRebisaTvis sulze naangariSevia 50 man. mosawyobia saa­
vadmyofoebi, didaT saWiroa satusaRoebSi ganaTebisa da gaTbobis
rigianad mowyoba. garda amisa mcire wlovanTa Senaxvac didi saqme
gaxlavT. mogexsenebaT avWalaSi gvaqvs mcire wlovanTa kolonia, ro­
melsac daxmareba sWirdeba da amisaTvis Tanxaa saWiro. am gvaraT ro­
gorc ganmartebiTi baraTidan da agreTve Statebidan sCans, uwyebas
ganzraxuli aqvs sapyrobileTa saqme daayenos ise, rom sxva qveynebs
ar CamorCes da gamoiyenos am saqmisaTvis is gamocdileba, romelsac
mecniereba iZleva. saf.-sabiujeto komisias ar SeuZlia siamovnebiT
ar Seegebos, roca aseTi gegma aris warmodgenili da amitom komisia

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gTxovT es Statebi da xarjT-aRricxva miiRoT ise, rogorc igi war­
modgenilia.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? sityva ar­
avis surs da saTanado vadis gasvlisas kanon-proeqti warmodgenili
iqneba muxlobriv ganxilvisaTvis.

8. zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa quTaisSi meore

xarisxis sabaJos daarsebis Sesaxeb.

Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. salayaias.

salayaia (s. d.) rogorc mogexsenebaT evropidan didZali saqone­
li Semodis quTaisis guberniaSi; am saqonlis misaRebad vaWrebs ux­
debaT siaruli foTsa, natanebsa, an baTomSi. es mogzauroba did
xarjs da drois dakargvas iwvevs. amitom vaWarTa kavSiri Suamdgom­
lobs, rom q. quTaisSi sabaJo daarsdes. saministros dRemdisac un­
doda aseTi sabaJo daarsebuliyo, magram vinaidan mosalodneli iyo,
rom baTomi saqarTvelos dabruneboda, es sakiTxi gadawyda. radgan
baTomis sakiTxi dResac gamourkvevelia, saministro Suamdgomlobs
daarsdes quTaisSi meore xarisxis sabaJo. iq ukve arsebobs droebiT
sabaJos ganyofileba da rogorc moxsenebidan sCans, mogeba exlave
moaqvs. sabWos imedi aqvs, rom es sabaJo yovelTviurad ara nakleb ori
milionis mogebas mogvcems. am gvarad sabaJo sagrZnob mogebas miscems
Cvens xazinas. safinanso-sabiujeto komisiis mier es kanon-proeqti
miRebulia da komisia Suamdgomlobs Tqvens winaSe igi daadasturoT.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis Tu vinme inebebs sityvas?
sityva aravis surs da saTanado vadis gasvlisas kanon-proeqti war­
modgenili iqneba muxlobriv ganxilvisaTvis.
Semdegi sityva ekuTvnis b. gomarTels.

9. dekreti fostis gadazidvis xarjebis dasafaravad

4.034.304 man. da 92 kap. gadadebisa.

iv. gomarTeli (s. d.) Tqven kargad mogexsenebaT, rom respublika­

Si arsebobs safosto gzebi da swarmoebs maTze fostis gadazid-gad­
mozidva. gaRebuli Tanxa sakmarisi unda yofiliyo am sabiujeto wlis
ganmavlobaSi. ianvridan fasma imata. maSin gadadebuli iyo erTi cxe­
nis Senaxvaze sami Tumani. dRes ki sauwyebaTaSoriso komisias hqonda
sxdoma da iq dawvrilebiT gamoangariSebulia, rom erT cxenze 12 Tu­
mania saWiro. es aucileblad saWiroa da amitom aseT pirobebSi Zve­
li nixris datoveba yovlad SeuZlebelia. am Zveli nixriT saqmes ver
awarmoebT. mTavroba scnobs, rom es saqme ferxdeba. amis Tavidan asac­
ileblad saWiroa erTgvari Tanxa da es Tanxa gamoangariSebuli aris.

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yvela safosto gzebze respublikas hyavs (asaxelebs) cxeni da rom vi­
angariSoT dRiuri xarji TiTo cxenze 12 Tumani, miviRebT im Tanx­
as, romelic aris gamoTxovili. xolo radgan ianvarSi iyo micemuli
(asaxelebs) man. da is daxarjuli ar aris, aris darCenili (asaxelebs)
man. es rom mivumatoT, rac sabiujeto wlis damlevamde saWiro aris
am xarjis dasafaravad, miviRebT 4 mil. maneTs, rac aucileblad saW­
iroa, rom safosto gzebze gadazidva-gadmozidva ar Seferxdes.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis sityvas vin inebebs? vin
aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? gadavdivarT muxlobriv
ganxilvaze.
gomarTeli (kiTxulobs muxlobrivad, ris Semdegac damf. kreba
iRebs dekrets da gadascems saredaqcio komisias).
Tavmjdomare. Semdeg sakiTxs mogaxsenebT b-ni gagloevi.

10. dekreti gzaTa uwyebis mosamsaxur.

dR. sargebel. normis Secvlisa.

gagloevi (s. d.) damf. krebam miiRo dekreti saxelmwifo mosam­

saxureTaTvis dRiurebis gadidebis Sesaxeb. dekretSi iyo naxsenebi,
rom rkinis gzis uwyebisaTvis calke iqmneba Semotanili dekretio.
es dekreti Semoitana rkinis gzis uwyebam, saidanac sCans, rom rkinis
gzis uwyebis im mosamsaxureT, romelTac uxdebaT mogzauroba samsax­
uris gamo eZleodaT ise, rogorc saxelmwifo mosamsaxureebs e. i. re­
spublikis farglebSi 1/ 30 Tviuri jamagirisa dReSi da respublikis
gareSe ki – 1/15 Tviuri jamagirisa. rac Seexeba rkinis gzelebs maT
unda eZleodeT rkinis gzis farglebSi 1/50 Tviuri jamagirisa, ub­
nis gareSe – 1/40 da respublikis gareSe 1/25. baTom-natanebis rkinis
gzis liandagze mosamsaxureT, romelnic mudmiv samsaxurs ewevian,
vinaidan olqSi gansakuTrebuli siZvirea, unda eZleodeT 1/40 e. i. im­
deni, ramdenic eZlevaT ubnis gareSe mogzaurobis dros. gamonakliss
is muSa-mosamsaxureni Seadgenen, romelnic aqstafis gzaze arian, maT
unda eZleodeT imdeni, ramdenic eZlevaT mogzaurobis dros ubnis
farglebSi e. i. 1 /50.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis sityvas vin inebebs? vin
aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvaze gadasvlisa? gadavdivarT
muxlobriv ganxilvaze.
gagloevi (kiTxulobs dekrets muxlobrivad, ris Semdeg igi miRe­
bul iqna damf. krebis mier da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva b-n cabaZes ekuTvnis.

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 11. dekreti miwad-moqmedebis ministris
gankargulebaSi sameurneo iaraRebis da masalebis
SesaZenad 1.140.000 man. gadadebisa.

v. cabaZe (s.-d.) Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom Cveni qveyana es sasoflo

meurneobis qveyana aris da TiTqos mTeli masala da sameurneo iaraRe­
bi, romelic esaWiroeba am meurneobas sazRvar-gareTidan modioda
da modis dResac. saerTaSoriso omis dawyebamde masalis da iaraRis
Semotana advili iyo. mas Semdeg, rac zRvis gzebi Seikra, Sewyda am
iaraRebis Semotanac. dRes es SesaZlebelia, magram meores mxriv gaZ­
nelebulia sazRvar-gareTis valiutis uqonlobis gamo. radgan sami­
waTmoqmedo saministros es valiuta ar hqonda, is iZulebuli iyo
gaemarTa molaparakeba CvenSi cnobil vaWar fridonovTan, romelic
mudam am operacias awarmoebda CvenSi. fridonovi SeuTanxmda samin­
istros. man ukve SeiZina saqoneli. daaxloebiT gamoangariSebuli
aris, rom am mimdinare wels Cveni meurneobisaTvis saWiro masala da
iaraRebi daaxlovebiT 50 milion maneTis Rirebulebisa iqneba Cveni
bonebiT. am masalis didi nawili fridonovs ukve SeZenili hqonia saz­
Rgar-gareT, magram saWiro aris am operaciis dasruleba da amisaTvis
ki fuli ar eyo da am dekretiT gamoTxovilia 1 milioni maneTi, romel­
ic gadaecema fridonovs da fridonovi gamoitans adgilobriv banke­
bidan fasian qaRaldebs, imas daagrovebs sazRvar-gareTis bankebSi da
amgvarad valiutas SeiZens da dagrovili TanxiT daamTavrebs am op­
eracias. unda mogaxsenoT, rom erTi nawili am iaraRebisa miRebulia
da gadacemulia saadgil-mamulo sabWos xelSi. es iaraRi nawildeba
Cven respublikaSi da danarCenic miiReba. pirobebi usaTuod kargia.
am pirobiT 15% – 20% miecema fridonovs im Rirebulebidan, rac dau­
jdeba es saqoneli. es dekreti gairCa sabiujeto-safinanso komisiaSi
da man es dekreti miiRo.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis sityvas xom aravin ine­
bebs? vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvaze gadasvlisa? mux­
lobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna da gadaeca sare­
daqcio komisias.
Semdeg sakiTxs mogaxsenebT b-ni imnaiSvili.

12. dekreti qarTul erovnuli samxatvro

galereis daarsebisa.

imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) aq tfilisSi ganzraxuli aris erovnul samx­

atvro galereiis daarseba da dacva saerTod mxatvrobis da qandake­
bebis Zvelis da axlis. am mxriv ukve gadadgmulia nabiji, grovdeba
mxatvruli nawarmoebi e. w. didebis taZarSi. ganzraxulia agreTve

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dagroveba im freskebisa, suraTebisa, romlebic warmoadgenen Zvel
xelovnur naSTs, nimuSebs da romlebic saubeduroT gafantulia
sxva da sxva muzeumebSi. daaxlovebiT am galereias unda mieces ise­
Ti xasiaTi, rogorc trediakovis galereiaa moskovSi, an erovnuli
galereia drezdenSi, parizSi, miunxenSi da sxvagan. rasakvirvelia am
miznis sisruleSi moyvana SesaZlebeli darCeba. aq aris warmodgeni­
li debuleba da mis Tanaxmad es galereia daeqvemdebara ganaTlebis
saministros. misi pirdapiri gamge misi sabWoa da direqtori – sabWos
Tavmjdomare. am saxiT Semosulia es dekreti ganaTlebis uwyebisagan.
ganxilulia xelovnebis komisiis mier da miRebulia agreTve saxalxo
ganaTlebis komisiis mier. Semdeg darTul Statisa da debulebis Ta­
naxmad SemuSavebul xarjT-aRricxva damtkicebulia safinanso-sabiu­
jeto komisiis mier. es gaxlavT am dekretis Sinaarsi.
n. imnaiSvili (kiTxulobs debulebas erovnul samxatvro galereis
daarsebis Sesaxeb).
Tavmjdomare. sityvas xom aravin inebebs? msurveli aravin aris.
debuleba damtkicebulia. gTxovT waikiTxoT Stati da xarjT-aR­
ricxva.
n. imnaiSvili (kiTxulobs xarjT-aRricxvas da Stats).
eq. TayaiSvili (n.-d.) batonebo, es xarjT-aRricxva, romelic aq
aris warmodgenili, ganzraxulia 1 Tebervlidan. magram Cven viciT,
rom am muzeumis samzadisis muSaoba didi xania rac warmoebda. is
xalxi, romelic masze muSaobda iyo ideuri xalxi da Tu muSaobda,
maT ainteresebdaT ara is mcire gasamrjelo, romelsac iRebden, ar­
amed isini dainteresebulni iyvnen TviT muzeumis mowyobis ideiT, da
didi usamarTloba iqneba Tu es Sroma ar iqna dafasebuli. is Sroma,
romelsac isini ewevian bevrad ufro dasafasebelia, vinem sxvisi. am­
rigad me winadadebas viZlevi es proeqti Statebisa miRebul iqnes
1 ianvridan da ara 1 Tebervlidan. gansxvaveba mxolod erTi Tvisaa.
da gavrcelebul iqnes jamagirebis momateba Tu yvelaze ara, imaTze
mainc, vinc ukve 5 welia am saqmeze muSaobs da mTeli Tavisi energia
da Sroma am saqmis gaumjobesebas moandoma. es iqneba samarTliani da­
faseba maTi Sromisa da saqmianobisa. amasTan mxedvelobaSi misaRebia
cxovrebis gaZvirebac da amitom saWirod mimaCnia momateba jamagiri­
sa gavrcelebul iqnes maTze 1-l ianvridan.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis momxsenebels.
n. imnaiSvili (s.-d.) es mosazreba b-n TayaiSvilisa misaRebi iqnebo­
da mxolod maSin, rom is proeqti, romelic warmodgenili iyo ganaT­
lebis saministros mier migveRo ucvlelad. magram sabiujeto-safi­
nanaso komisiam aseTi proeqtis miReba SeuZleblad scno da saWirod
dainaxa saTanado cvlilebebi Seetana Sig. am rigad safinanso komis­
iam erTgvari kompensacia ukve moaxdina. amis Semdeg miuRebelia, rom
aseTi axali varianti kidev misaRebi iyos safinanso komisiisaTvis da

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es kidev Seicvalos da datad aRiarebul iqmnas 1 ianvari da ara 1 Te­
bervali, rogorc es am proeqtiT aris ganzraxuli.
Tavmjdomare. kenWs uyris b-n TayaiSvilis winadadebas. vin aris
momxre? vin aris winaaRmdegi? Sesworeba uaryofilia.
n. imnaiSvili (ganagrZobs Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis kiTxvas,
romelic miRebul iqna damfuZnebel krebis mier da gadaeca sare­
daqcio komisias).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. salayaias.

13. muxlobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa Sinagan-

saqmeTa saministros kancel. Statisa da xarjT-
aRricxvis damtkicebisa.

i. salayaia (s.-d.) kiTxulobs meore muxlobriv ganxilvas Sinagan

saqmeTa saministros Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis kanon-proeqtisas,
romelic miRebul iqna damfuZnebeli krebis mier da gadaeca sare­
daqcio komisias).
Tavmjdomare. sityvas ekuTvnis baton imnaiSvils.

14. dekreti saqonlis Wiris sawinaaRmdego Sratis

damzadebis sadguris s. tabaxmelaSi meliqiSvilebis
mamulis SesaZenad 1.060.000 gadadebis Sesaxeb.

n. imnaiSvili (s.-d.) b-bo! Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosTan ar­

sebobs saveterinaro ganyofileba da am ganyofilebas ekuTvnis
egred-wodebuli saqonlis Wiris sawinaaRmdego Sratis dammzadebe­
li sadguri. es sadguri uwin imyofeboda quTaisSi, magram raki am sad­
gurisaTvis saWiro saqonlis arseboba da pirobebi xels ar uwyobden
mas, es sadguri SarSan gadatanil iqna bakurianTan axlos cixis-jvar­
Si, magram Sinagan-saqmeTa saministrosgan damoukideblad, vinaidan
iq misi darCena yovlad SeuZlebeli iyo, vinaidan saamisod mas xels
ar uwyobda arc hava soflisa da arc saerTo mdgomareoba. Semdeg es
sadguri gadmotanil iqna tfilisis axlos sof. tabaxmelaSi (tfili­
sidan 10 verszea daSorebuli), rac ufro mniSvnelovani aris sad­
gurisaTvis es saZovari adgilebi, romlebic moipovebian am sofelSi
da romlis SeZenac ganzraxulia am sadgurisaTvis. es milioni mane­
Ti swored amisaTvis aris gamoTxovili. aqve aris darTuli 60 aTasi
maneTi, romelic saWiro iqneba sxva da sxva satexniko masalebis Sesa­
Zenad da masTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebis mosawesrigeblad. es sakiTxi
sabiujeto-safinanso komisiam ganixila da miiRo is aucileblad im
saxiT, rogoradac aris warmodgenili. Tumca komisia dainteresda

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im sakiTxiT, rom ratom aris is, rom rodesac rodesac auarebeli mi­
webi SeiZina mTavrobam, kidev sWirdeba mas miwebis SeZenao. magram am
sakiTxze damakmayofilebeli axsna-ganmarteba miiRo man Sinagan-saqme­
Ta saministrosgan. safinanso komisiam miiRo es dekreti da sTxovs
damfuZnebel krebas mis damtkicebas.
Tavmjdomare. sityva xom aravis surs? msurveli aravin aris. mux­
lobriv ganxilvis winaaRmdegi xom aravin aris? gadavdivarT muxlo­
briv ganxilvaze.
(muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti gadaeca saredaqcio komi­
sias).
Semdeg sityva ekuTvnis b. imnaiSvils.

15. dekreti saxalxo skolebis maswavl.

dasakmayofil. 4. 193.333 man. gadadebisa.

imnaiSvili (s.-d.) es dekreti Seexeba saxalxo skolebis maswavle­

belTa 5-wleulebis saxiT dakmayofilebas, risTvisac gaRebul unda
iqnas saxelmwifo xazinidan 4,193,333 man. zafxulze damfuZnebel kre­
bis mier miRebuli iyo kanon-proeqti maswavlebelTa 5-wleulebis
Sesaxeb, magram maSin saTanado krediti amisaTvis ar gauxsniaT da
axla uwyeba iTxovs im kanon-proeqtis mixedviT, romelic miRebuli
iyo damfuZnebel krebis mier gaxsnil iqnas krediti, romelic Sead­
gens sul 4,193,333 man. es ganawildeba Semdegnairad: 1,480,000 maneTi
gaRebul iqneba maswavlebelTa ZiriTad jamagirad. unda mogaxsenoT,
rom sul aris 4 xuTwleuli, romelTanac pirveli xuT-wleuli maswav­
lebelT ematebaT ZiriTad jamagirad da eZlevaT, rogorc ZiriTadi
jamagiri. Semdeg – meore nawili 1,233,333 moxmardeba xuT-wleulebs
1 ianvridan 1 ivlisamde. mesame – 1,480,000 maneTi xuT-wleulebisaT­
vis ama 1919/20 samoswavlo wlis dasrulebamde. ai, es Tanxa Seadgens
sul 4,193,333 maneTs. es dekreti miiRo saxalxo ganaTlebis komisiam
da Semdeg daadastura igi safinanso komisiamac.
Tavmjdomare. sityvas xom aravin inebebs? msurveli aravin aris.
vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? gadavdivarT muxlobriv
ganxilvaze. gTxovT waikiTxoT.
imnaiSvili (kiTxulobs dekrets, romelic muxlobriv ganxilvis
Semdeg miRebul iqna da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sityva ekuTvnis baton cabaZes.

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 16. muxlobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa
Sromis saministros kancelariis Statis
da xarjT-aRricxvis Sesaxeb.

cabaZe (s.-d.) (kiTxulobs meore muxlobriv ganxilvas kanon-proeq­

tisas Sromis saministros Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis
Sesaxeb).
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis xom aravin inebebs sityvas?
sityva aravis nebavs. vin aris winaaRmdegi kanon-proeqtisa? winaaRm­
degi aravinaa. kanon-proeqti miRebulia. Semdegi sityva ekuTvnis
gomarTels.

17. dekreti saqalaqTaSoriso telefonis qselis

mosawyobad 9.986.000 gadadebis da amave saWiroebis
291,251 man. da 40 k. Rireb. masalis micemis Sesaxeb.

iv. gomarTeli (s.-d.) proeqti dekretisa gaxlavT warmodgeni­

li Sinagan-saqmeTa saministros mier. es dekreti exeba telefonis
qselis gayvanas Cvens qalaqebsa da dabebSi. nawilobriv es ukve aris
ganxorcielebuli, magram aris kidev bevri qalaqi da daba, romlebic
ar arian SeerTebuli deda qalaqTan. ganzraxulia magaliTad tfili­
sis SeerTeba telefonis saSualebiT Semdeg qalaqebTan (kiTxulobs).
erTi sityviT unda iyves daqselili mTeli qalaqebi da dabebi. lapa­
raki imis Sesaxeb Tu ra mniSvneloba aqvs, rogorc ekonomiurad ise
kulturulad, zedmetia.
yvela is xarji, rac dasWirdeba am did saqmes, gamoangariSebulia
da udris 9.986.000 man. kontroliori ar aris winaaRmdegi, mxolod
finansTa ministri ver aZlevs dadebiT pasuxs finansur krizisis gamo.
magram Cven ar viciT sanamde gagrZeldeba es krizisi. me mgonia, rom
didxans gastans. amitom Cven kulturul muSaobas ver SevaCerebT.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis xom aravin inebebs sityvas?
sityva aravis surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? ara­
vin. gTxovT waikiTxoT saTauri da dekretis muxlebi.
iv. gomarTeli ( kiTxulobs. yvela muxli miRebuli iqmna Cveule­
brivi wesiT da dekreti gadaeca saredaqcio komisias).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sityva ekuTvnis i. eligulaSvils.

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 18. muxlobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa saxaz.
rk. gz. WiaT. St. gansak. tarifis mospobis Sesaxeb.

i. eligulaSvili (s.-d.) (kiTxulobs meore muxlobriv ganxilvas

kanon-proeqtisas saxazino rkinis gzis WiaTuris Stoze gansakuTre­
buli tarifis mospobis Sesaxeb).
kanon-proeqti miRebul iqna Cveulebrivi wesiT garda mesame mux­
lisa, romelic sruliad amoSlil iqna soc.-demok. fraqciis wina­
dadebiT.
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sityva ekuTvnis momxsenebels b. imnaiSvils.

19. dekreti pirvel-dawyebiTi skolebis maswavl. mok.

vadian kurs. daars. da saamisod 24.000 man. gadadebis
Sesaxeb.

imnaiSvili. (momxsenebeli) pirveli da umTavres sazrunav sa­

gans Seadgens sayovelTao swavlis ganxorcieleba respublikaSi. am
mizniT gasul wels jer kidev oqtomberSi da seqtemberSi, ese igi am
samoswavlo wlis damdgoms gaxsnili iyo sul 156 axali skola. sax­
alxo ganTlebis saministros azraT aqvs kidev momaval welSi dau­
matos am skolebs meore ganyofilebani. am ganzraxvis sisruleSi
mosayvanad unda gaixsnas kidev im SkolebTan meore ganyofilebani
ricxviT 156. daaxlovebiT Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi imas, rom TiTo
ganyofilebas moundeba TiTo maswavlebeli am 156, meore ganyo­
filebisaTvis dagvWirdeba sul daaxlovebiT 300 maswavlebeli. Cven
SegviZlia viSovnoT es kadri maswavlebelTa, magram ara sruliad.
maTi momzadeba ekisreba saostato seminariebs... saerTod sul Cven
respublikaSi aris 5 saostato seminaria. am seminariebs SeuZliaT
yovel wliurad 150 maswavleblis momzadeba. Tu miviRebT mxed­
velobaSi dRvandel nakluvanebas maswavlebelSi da Tu amas miu­
matebT im ricxvs, romelic saWiroa meore ganyofilebisaTvis – sul
dagvWirdeba 600 maswavlebeli. magram samoswavlo seminariebs Seu­
ZliaT daakmayofilon mxolod erTi mesamedi saWiro maswavlebel­
Ta, e. i. daaxlovebiT SeuZlia mogvces 200 maswavlebeli. danarCeni
ricxvi maswavlebelTa unda moamzados gansakuTrebuli kursebis
saSvalebiT. ai, uwyebas aqvs ganzraxva moamzados es ricxvi maswav­
lebelTa momaval wlisaTvis. uwyebas aqvs ganzraxva gagrZeldes es
kursebi 6 TviT. ganzraxvaa es kursebi moewyos respublikis 10 sxva
da sxva mazraSi. (kiTxulobs mazrebs).
sxvaTa Soris tfilisSi iqneba gaxsnili specialuri kursebi ber­
ZenTa da musulmanTa Skolebis maswavlebelTa mosamzadeblaT. Tav­
is-Tavad cxadia Tu am kursebs ar gavxsniT da ar movamzadebT maswav­
leblebs momaval welSi arsebul saswavlebelTaTvis da agreTve im

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ganyofilebaTaTvis, romlebic unda gavxsnaT, ver davakmayofilebT
saWiroebas. am seminariebs SeuZlia mogvces momzadebuli maswav­
leblebi 2-3 wlis Semdeg – vinaidan gadakeTebuli gimnaziebi, romel­
sac warmoadgenen saostato seminariebi, amas mokle xanSi ver SesZ­
lebs. ganaTlebis uwyeba Semodis SuamdgomlobiT, raTa miRebul iqnes
es dekreti sruliad.
(muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna sruliad
Cveulebrivi wesiT da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis q-on toroSeliZisas.

20. dekreti svaneTSi samkurnalo daweseb. Stat.

da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

m. toroSeliZisa. (momxsenebeli) dekreti da xarjT-aRricxva sva­

neTSi saeqimo da saferSlo punqtebis daarsebis Sesaxeb aris war­
modgenili Sinagan-saqmeTa saministros mier. svaneTSi sul 30 aTasi
mcxovrebi moipoveba. am Jamad iq mxolod erTi saeqimo da ori safer­
Slo punqti aris. 30 aTas mcxovrebTa SedarebiT es erTi wveTi aris,
da amitom mediko sanitaruli komisia fiqrobs gaxsnas iq 8 saferSlo
punqti da 3 saeqimo punqtebi. am punqtebis Sesanaxad aris gamoTxo­
vili 218.900. man. iq SedarebiT sxva dawesebulebaTa jamagirebi aris
TiTqmis samjer meti. es aris gamowveuli imiT, rom svaneTi mowyveti­
li aris xolme danarCen nawilebze 7-8 Tvis ganmavlobaSi, iq pirobebi
SedarebiT cudia da sanovage Zalze Zviri. es miiRo mxedvelobaSi sa­
finanso-sabiujeto komisiam, jamagirebi gaadida samjer qalaqis max­
lobel provinciebSi arsebul punqtebTan SedarebiT.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b-n cabaZes.
cabaZe. safinanso-sabiujeto komisiis mier miRebulia es dekreti.
(dekreti miRebul iqna Cveulebriv wesiT da gadaecema saredaqcio
komisias).

21. dekreti miwad-moqmedebis ministris

gankargulebaSi 55.133.320 man. gadadebisa
ajameTis sarwyav arxis SesakeTeblad.

Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b-on niniZes.

k. niniZe. (s.-d.) ajameTis arxi gakeTebulia 1910 wels da mis Semdeg
wyaldidobas waulekavs da saerTod Zalian dazianebulia; saWiroa
am arxis SekeTeba. irwyeba ramdenime aTasi desiatina miwa, romelic
fondSia da glexobas unda mieces; aseTia Sinaarsi dekretisa.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? sityva ar­
avis surs. dekreti muxlobrivad da saerTod miRebulia erTxmad da
gadaeca saredaqcio komisias.

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 Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. cabaZes.

22. zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtis gzaTa depar.

centralur organos Statis gadidebis da jamagiris
momatebis Sesaxeb.

cabaZe. (s.-d.) gzaTa departamentis centralur organos State­

bi damtkicebul iyo SarSan pirvel agvistos; am kanonamde organoSi
iTvleboda 150 mosamsaxure; xolo am kanoniT mosamsaxureTa ricxvi
Semcirda 25 kacamde. es didi dawesebuleba gaxlavT; samuSao da saqme
Zlier bevria, maSin departamentma gamoiTxova zedmeti xarjebi im
varaudiT, rom axlo momavalSi moxdeboda Statebis gadideba. mTav­
robam es zedmeti xarjebi Seamcira imdenaT, rom axal mosamsaxureTa
mowveva SeuZlebeli iyo. amitom moiwvies mxolod oTxi mosamsaxure:
1 – umcrosi saqmis mwarmoebeli. ori – manqanaze gadamweri da erTi –
Sikriki. rac Seexeba jamagirebis nawilobriv momatebas unda mogax­
senoT: am daweseulebaSi mosamsaxure ZiriTadi jamagiriT CamorCe­
nilia ama Tanamdebobis piris jamagirisagan sxva dawesebulebebSi.
es imitom aris, rom Statebis da xarjT-aRricxvis miReba sxva dawe­
sebulebaTaTvis moxda mas Semdeg, rac central. organos Statebi da
xarjTaRricxva ukve miRebuli iyo. amisaTvis navaraudevia ZiriTa­
di jamagirebi am organoSi gadiddes da SeuTanxmdes imave Tanamde­
bobis piris jamagirebs sxva dawesebulebebSi. gzaTa komisiisa da sa­
finanso-sabiujeto komisiis mier es kanon-proeqti ucvlelad aris
miRebuli.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? sityva ar­
avis surs da saTanado vadis gasvlisas warmodgenili iqneba muxlo­
briv ganxilvisaTvis.

23. zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqt. Sin.-saq. samin.

vet. sasanit. gany. savet. pers. da Sratis damzad.
sadguris da St. xarjT-aRricxvis damt. Sesaxeb.

Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis b. imnaiSvils.

n. imnaiSvili (s.-d.) aq gaxlavT warmodgenili Stati da xar­
jT-aRricxva Sinagan-saqmeTa saministros veterinar-sasanitaro
ganyofilebisa. am ganyofilebas evaleba mTavari xelmZRvaneloba im
brZolisa, romelic unda awarmovos respublikam pirutyvTa da fr­
invelebis gadamdeb senis winaaRmdeg. TviT Stati Seicavs sam nawils:
pirveli – Stati central mmarTvelobisa; meore – sadguris Stati.
am sadgurebis movaleobaa samrewvelo saqonelze dawesebul procen­
tuli gadasaxadis akrefa da da janmrTelobis Semowmeba; da mesame

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Seicavs am saveterinaro ganyofilebis mmarTvelobis qveS myof saS­
rate sadguris Stats. central mmarTvelobis Stati darCa Zveli, Tu
mxedvelobaSi ar miviRebT mcire cvlilebas, romelic Setanil iqna
am StatebSi. rac Seexeba sadgurebs aq ki sagrZnobi cvlileba aris
Semoklebis saxiT; winad respublikaSi iyo sul 12 punqti – sadguri,
exla ki 8 aris: tfilisSi aris ori, quTaisSi erTi, soxumSi erTi, ax­
alcixeSi erTi, foTSi erTi, guriaSi erTi da sxv. amas garda aseTive
saxis punqtebi daarsebulia sazRvrebze – egred wodebuli sadarajo
punqtebi. am sadarajo punqtebis daniSnuleba aris mezobel saxelm­
wifodan gadamdeb senis Semosvlis sawinaaRmdegoT zomebis miReba,
Semowmeba im saqonlisa, romelic aseT saxelmwifodan Semodis. aqac
aris sagrZnobi cvlileba; winad arsebobda oTxi aseTi sadarajo imis
mixedviT, Tu rogori sazRvrebi hqonda ruseTis imperias; exla sxva
mdgomareobaa da sazRvrebis mixedviT unda gavamravloT es sadara­
joebi. amitom uwyebam Seqmna 6 axali sadarajo. sul iqneba maSasa­
dame 10. Semdeg am StatebSi Sedis Stati im sadgurisa, romlisTvi­
sac gaRebulia 1 milioni da samasi aTasi man., im sadgurisa, romelic
mowyobilia tabaxmelaSi. es gaxlavT konstruqcia sammarTvelosi da
masTan dawesebul punqtebisa da sadarajoebisa. rac Seexeba xarjebs
unda mogaxsenoT, rom umTavresi nawili didi xarjisa sWirdeba saop­
eracio-sameurneo xarjebs saSrate sadgurisa, raic 4 milions udris,
danarCeni ki centralur sammarTvelosa da sadarajo punqtebs. es si­
dide xarjisa imiT aixsneba, rom am saSrate sadgurs aqvs didi xar­
jebi, romelic gamowveulia saoperacio da sameurneo muSaobiT; e. i.
man unda daamzados Srati da amisaTvis unda SeiZinos saqoneli. ma­
Sasadame saWiroa Senaxva, gamokveba, movla-patronoba am saqonlisa.
masve evaleba sadgurebis mowyoba. ganzraxulia 500 suli saqonlis
SeZena. miRebulia nomrad TviTeul sulze fasi – 5.000 man. da radgan
saqonlis fasma aiwia saeWvoa, rom am fasiT SesaZlebeli iqnes misi
SeZena. Semdeg am saqonlis gamosakvebad 50.000 fuTi Tivis SeZena jde­
ba 250.000 man. e. i. fuTze navaraudevia 50 man. es cxadia cotaa da usaT­
uod meti dajdeba. Semdeg 1000 fuTi qeri, 1000 fuTi bze, 5.000 fuTi
kiptomi – es ki Seadgens mozrdil Tanxas. yuradRebas iqcevs SeSa;
Semdeg sakancelario-sameurneo xarjebi. maSasadame umTavresi nawi­
li im xarjebisa, romlis damtkicebas iTxovs uwyeba, midis saSrate
sadgurze, danarCeni ki sadarajoebisa da punqtebis Sesanaxad. es pro­
eqti ganixila safinanso komisiam da raki dasabuTebuli masala aris
warmodgenili Sesaxeb am fasebisa, es xarjT-aRricxva icno samarTli­
anad da TiTqmis ucvlelad miiRo.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? sityva ar­
avis surs da kanon-proeqti waredgineba damf. krebas saTanado vadis
gasvlisas muxlobriv ganxilvisaTvis.
Semdegi sityva ekuTvnis b. giorgaZes.

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 24. dekreti samx. sasam. da prokur. zedamx.
droebiTi Stat. da xarjT-aRricxvis damtk.

gr. giorgaZe (s.-d.) warmodgenili dekreti samxedro saministros

sasamarTlos Statebs exeba. rodesac samxedro saministros Statebs
vamtkicebdiT, es ar iyo Setanili dekretSi. es Statebi Sefardebu­
lia im StatebTan, romelic saerTod aris iusticiis saministroSi,
ganxilulia sauwyebaTaSoriso komisiaSi, ganxilulia finansiur
komisiis mier da amitom unda iqnas miRebuli.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis sityvas vin inebebs? vin
aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvaze gadasvlisa? gadavdivarT
muxlobriv ganxilvaze. muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRe­
bul iqna da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias.
Semdeg sakiTxs mogaxsenebT b-ni imnaiSvili.

25. dekreti qalaq ozurgeTis TviTmarT.

300.000 man. moklevadian sesxis micemisa.

imnaiSvili (s.-d.) q. ozurgeTis TviTmmarTveloba Suamdgomlobs

mTavrobis winaSe da maSasadame damf. krebis winaSec, mieces sesxad sa­
masi aTasi maneTi, rom mas SeZleba darCes SeiZinos saqalaqo gimnaziis
Senoba. es proeqti ganxilulia safinanso komisiis mier da arsebiTad
miRebulia, magram am proeqts, am sesxis gaRebas ar eTanxmeba saxelm­
wifo kontroli, romelic ambobs, Tu ozurgeTis q. TviTmmarTvelo­
bas sWirdeba Tanxa aseT miznisaTvis, man unda monaxos sxva gza, iSovos
kerZo sakredito dawesebulebidano da gamosTqvams azrs, rom xazi­
na sruliad valdebuli ar aris qalaqis TviTmarTvelobas aseTi spe­
cialuri daniSnulebisaTvis raime Tanxa misces, radganac dRes xazina
ukidures gaWirvebas ganicdiso.
am kontrolis mosazrebas safinanso komisia ar daeTanxma imitom,
rom ozurgeTi am mxriv gansakuTrebul pirobebSia, jer erTi, rom
saerTod naklebia Sesaferisi Senobebi, meore kidev imitom, rom mas am
mxriv dabrkoleba hqonda, osmaleTis SemoseviT q. ozurgeTi dazian­
da, qalaqis TviTmmarTveloba finansiuri mxriv Sesustebulia, misi
mdgomareoba air-dairia, mesame mosazreba es aris sesxis saxiT micema,
romelsac qal. TviTmar. gadixdis axlo momavalSi. amisda mixedviT sa­
finanso komisiam ver gaiziara saxelmwifo kontrolioris mosazreba
da daadgina iSuamdgomlos damf. krebis winaSe, raTa mieces q. ozu­
rgeTis TviTmmarTvelobas es sesxi. safinanso komisia iTxovs daamt­
kicoT es dekreti.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis vis surs sityva? aravis.
dekreti muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg miRebul iqmna da gadaeca sare­
daqcio komisias.

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 Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis b-n imnaiSvils.

26. dekreti tfilisis saxelmwifo universitetis

damatebiTi xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

imnaiSvili (s.-d.) zafxulSi Cven miviReT Statebi saxelmwifo

universitetisa, magram cxadia, radgan universitetis moqmedeba far­
Tovdeba, misi muSaoba izrdeba, Cven ar SegveZlo windawinve gangve­
sazRvra is xarjebi, romelic muSaobasTan erTad izrdeba. ai exla
swored, saxalxo ganaTlebis uwyebas Semoaqvs dekreti, romlis Tanax­
mad xazinidan gaRebuli unda iqnas gansazRvruli Tanxa. saxelmwifo
universitetis damatebiTi xarjebis dasafaravad es Tanxa unda mox­
mardes pirvel yovlisa universitetis pirad Semadgenlobas, vinaidan
es Semadgenloba erTob gaizarda. Semdeg meore nawili am xarjebisa
exeba universitetSi datovebulT ricxviT 8 kacs, romelnic sazR­
var-gared unda gaigzavnon samecniero ganaTlebis dasasruleblad
da Semdeg universitetSi samuSaod. mesame nawili exeba universite­
tis gamomcemlobas da Semdeg meoTxe da mTavari nawili exeba univer­
sitetis sxva da sxva dawesebulebis mowyobas, sabunebismetyvelo da
saeqimo fakultetze kabinetebis mowyobas. Semdeg aris sxva da sxva
xarjebi sameurneo xasiaTisa. pirvel miznisTvis ganzraxulia e. i. pi­
rad SemadgenlobisaTvis am damatebiTi xarjT-aRricxviT (asaxelebs)
man. es imitom, rom zafxulis Semdeg universitets saSualeba mieca
moewvia Sesaferisi samecniero Zalebi da am mxriv Sexeda amas safi­
nanso komisiam, rom ueWvelad unda mieces saSualeba universitets,
rom man samecniero Zalebi uzrunvelyos. es nawili am proeqtisa ar­
aviTar davas ar iwvevs. rac Seexeba universitetSi datovebulebis
gasagzavnad gamoangariSebulia (asaxelebs) man. am ricxvSi Sedis gzis
fulic. Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi dRevandel fulis kurss, es Tanxac
araviTar davas ar iwvevs. Semdeg – gamomcemloba. es saqme universi­
tetisTvis gaZnelebulia, radgan ar aris sakmao qaRaldi. qaRaldis
fasi saswrafod izrdeba da amisaTvis gamoTxovilia (asaxelebs) man.
es safinanso komisias udavod miaCnda, vinaidan dRes am saqmis mowyo­
bas xels uSlis siZvire qaRaldisa. meoTxe nawili exeba im dawesebule­
bebs, kabinetebis da laboratoriebis mowyobas mTlianad da medikur
fakultetze nawilobriv. esec ar iwvevs araviTar winaaRmdegobas sa­
finanso komisiis mxriv. vinaidan es mowyoba am laboratoriebisa unda
Sesyidul iqnas sazRvar-gareT da Cveni fulis kursis mixedviT es did
Tanxas moiTxovs, amitom safinanso komisia am nawilsac daeTanxma.
saerTod Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi, rom es xarjT-aRricxva gaT­
valiswinebuli yofila zafxulSi, maSin TavisTavad bunebrivia, es xar­
ji unda gagveRo. maSasadame, formalurad mas araviTari dabrkoleba
ar eRobeba win. ai amitom raki ase dasabuTebulia da dawvrilebiT

139
gamoangariSebulia yoveli paragrafi am xarjT-aRricxvisa, amitom
safinanso komisiam is miiRo, miiRo igi ganaTlebis komisiamac da Sua­
mdgomlobs damfuZnebel krebis winaSe mis dadasturebas. aq iyo erTi
garemoeba, romelsac angariSi unda gasweoda. mTavrobam es dekreti
sxvanairad miiRo, radgan debuleba universitetisa ar aris sab­
olood Sedgenili, amitom mTavroba saWirod sTvlida am Tanxidan
universitetisaTvis avansad mieca 5 milioni maneTi. magram saxalxo
ganaTlebis komisia ar daeTanxma mTavrobas. rasakvirvelia, mTavro­
bis es moTxovnileba samarTliania, universitets unda hqondes Tav­
isi debuleba sabolood damTavrebuli, magram am saqmisaTvis dRes
mxolod 5 milionis avansad micema SeuZlebeli aris, radgan es Tanxa
universitets exla sWirdeba swored. Tu mxedvelobaSi miviRebT im
garemoebas, rom Cveni universiteti dRes aRmSeneblobiTi xanaSia,
Cven unda davrwmundeT imaSi, rom es fuli yovel SemTxvevaSi exla
aris aucilebeli misTvis da misi miucemloba Zlier Seaferxebda uni­
versitetis muSaobas. amitom saxalxo ganaTlebis komisias ar SeeZlo
daTanxmeboda mTavrobis am formalur moTxovnilebas da amitom igi
daeTanxma universitetis moTxovnas da saWirod miaCnia es Tanxa miec­
es savsebiT exlave universitets, raTa mas SeZleba eqnes dawyebuli
saqme dauyovnebliv ganagrZos da muSaoba ar SeaCeros.
Tavmjdomare. sityvas xom aravin inebebs? sityvis msurveli ar­
avin aris. muxlobriv ganxilvaze gadasvlis winaaRmdegi xom aravin
aris? gTxovT waikiTxoT dekreti da Statebi.
imnaiSvili (kiTxulobs dekrets, romelic muxlobriv ganxilvis
Semdeg iqmna damf. krebis mier da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias).

27. saboloo teqsti.

Tavmjdomare. gTxovT moisminoT saboloo teqsti.

i. gomarTeli (kiTxulobs saboloo teqsts fosta-telegrafis
uwyebis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvisas, romelic miRebul iqna dam­
fuZnebeli krebis mier).
Semdegi sxdomis dRiuri wesrigis wakiTxvis Semdeg sxdoma ixure­
ba naSuadRevs 3 saaTze da 20 wuTze.

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 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

meeqvse sxdoma

(6)

1920 weli. martis 30. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1) saboloo teqstebi.
2) dekreti mTavrobis saxlis Statis da xarjT-aRricxvis damt­
kicebis Sesaxeb.
3) dekreti mesxeT javaxeTSi da artaanis raionSi samomrigeblo
sasamarTlos institutis SemoRebisa.
4) dekreti mesxeTsa da javaxeTSi da artaanis raionSi sagamomZie­
blo institutis SemoRebisa.
5) zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa foTis sazRvao saswavleblis
Statis da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
6) zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa samazro – sasoflo milicii­
sa da administraciis axal Statis SemoRebis Sesaxeb.
7) dekreti miwad-moqmedebis saministros gankargulebaSi 15 mil.
man. gadadebis Sesaxeb saTanado masalebis SesaZenad.
8) dekreti saxelmwifo mamulebis naTesebis gasafarToeblad
8.158.025 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.
9) dekreti skolis gareSe swavlis SemoRebisaTvis 2 mil. man. ga­
dadebis Sesaxeb.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris amxanagi

eqvTime TayaiSvili.
mdivnobs damfuZnebel krebis mdivani k. jafariZe.
sxdoma iwyeba naSuadRevs 12 s. da 45 wuT.
Tavmjdomare. kreba gaxsnili gaxlavT. mdivani mogaxsenebT dRiur
wesrigs.

141
 mdivani (kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs).

dRiuri wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti – fostis gadazidvis xarjis dasafaravad

4.034.304 man. da 92 kap. gadadebis dekretisa. momxsenebelia i. gomar­
Teli.
2. saboloo teqsti – gzaTa uwyebis mosamsaxureTaTvis dRiuri
sargos normebis Secvlis dekretisa. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli
3. saboloo teqsti – gazeT „saqarTvelos respublikis“ saval­
debulo gancxadebisaTvis dawesebul fasis gadidebis dekretisa.
momxsenebeli i. gomarTeli.
4. saboloo teqsti – miwad-moqmedebis ministris gankarguleba­
Si sameurneo iaraRisa da masalis SesaZenad 1.140.000 man. gadadebis
dekretisa. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
5. saboloo teqsti – saqarTvelos erovnuli samxatvro galereis
daarsebis dekretisa. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli
6. saboloo teqsti – baTumis qarTul gimnaziisaTvis erTdroul
daxmarebad 260.000 man. gadadebis dekretisa. momxsenebelia i. gomar­
Teli.
7. saboloo teqsti – Sinagan-saqmeTa saministros kancelariis Sta­
tisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis kanonisa. momxsenebelia i. go­
marTeli.
8. saboloo teqsti – migdebul bavSvTa TavSesafris daarsebisa da
Statis damtkicebis dekretisa. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
9. saboloo teqsti – saqonlis Wiris sawinaaRmdego Sratis dam­
mzadebel sadgurisaTvis uZravi qonebis SesaZenad 1.060.000 man. ga­
dadebis dekretisa. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
10. saboloo teqsti – saxalxo skolebis maswavlebelTa xuT­
wleulebiT dasakmayofileblaT 4.193.333 man. gadadebis dekretisa.
momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
11. saboloo teqsti – sasjelTa wesdebis da sasjelTa debulebis
jarimis gadidebis kanonisa. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
12. saboloo teqsti – Sromis saministros Statisa da xarjT-­
aRricxvis damtkicebis kanonisa. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
13. saboloo teqsti – saqalaqTaSoriso telefonis qselis mo­
sawyobad 9.786.000 man. gadadebisa da amave saWiroebisaTvis 291.251
man. da 40 kap. Rirebuli aslis micemis dekretisa. momxsenebelia i. go­
marTeli.
14. saboloo teqsti kanon-proeqtisa – saxazino rkinis gzis Wia­
Turis Stoze gansakuTrebuli tarifis mospobis kanonisa. momxsenebe­
lia i. gomarTeli.

142
 15. saboloo teqsti – pirvel-dawyebiTi skolebis maswavlebel­
TaTvis mokle-vadiani kursebis daarsebisa da saamisod 240.000 man. ga­
didebis dekretisa. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
16. saboloo teqsti – svaneTis samkurnalo dawesebulebaTa Sta­
tisa da xarj-aRricxvis damtkicebis dekretisa. momxsenebelia i. go­
marTeli.
17. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – miwad-moqmedebis ministris gan­
kargulebaSi 551.333 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb – ajameTis sarwyavi arxis
SesakeTeblad. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
18. saboloo teqsti – samxedro sasamarTlos da prokuroris
zedamxedvelobis droebiTi Statis da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis
dekretisa. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
19. saboloo teqsti – qal. ozurgeTis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis
300.000 man. mokle-vadiani sesxis micemis dekretisa. momxsenebelia
i. go­marTeli.
20. saboloo teqsti – tfilisis saxelmwifo universitetis
damatebiTi xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis dekretisa. momxsenebelia
i. gomarTeli.
21. dekreti – mTavrobis saxlis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis
damtkicebisa. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
22. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanonproeqtisa – oficerTa da
jaris-kacTa tanisamosis formis Secvlis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia
s. mdi­vani.
23. dekreti – mesxeT-javaxeTis da artaanis raionSi samomrigeb­
lo sasamarTlos institutis SemoRebisa. momxsenebelia gr. giorgaZe.
24. dekreti – mesxeT-javaxeTis da artaanis raionSi sagamomZieb­
lo institutis SemoRebisa. momxsenebelia gr. giorgaZe.
25. dekreti – iaraRis SesakeTeblad da patronebis gasaten saxe­
losnoebis mosawyobad saTanado kreditis gaxsnisa. momxsenebelia
gr. giorgaZe.
26. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – foTis sazRvao
saswavleblis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momx­
senebelia n. imnaiSvili.
27. dekreti – mTavrobis saxlis damwvari nawilis SesakeTeblad,
cecxlis sawinaaRmdego mowyobilobis SesaZenad da sxva saaRmSeneblo
saWiroebisaTvis 1.686.000 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
28. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – samazro da saso­
flo miliciisa da administraciis axali Statis SemoRebis Sesaxeb.
momxsenebelia d. oniaSvili.
Tavmjdomare. Semotanili gaxlavT gancxadeba safinanso-sabiuje­
to komisiisa, rom zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – oficerTa da
jariskacTa tanisamosis formis Secvlis Sesaxeb daubrundes mTavro­
bas, agreTve dekreti mTavrobis saxlis damwvari nawilis SesakeTe­

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blad, cecxlis sawinaaRmdego mowyobilebis SesaZenad da sxva saaR­
mSeneblo saWiroebisaTvis 1.686.000 man. gadadebisa. maSasadame es ori
kanon-proeqti ar ganixileba da moixsneba dRiur wesrigidan. aris
winadadeba s. d. fraqciisa, rom me-25-e sakiTxi me-28-eT iqnes da 28-e
me-25-eT iqnas gadatanili. da damatebidan saboloo teqsti momrigeb­
el mosamarTleTa qvemdebareobis gafarToebis kanonisa gadmotanili
iqnas da dRiur wesrigis sxva saboloo teqstebTan erTad iqnas dam­
tkicebuli. batonebo, amtkicebT dRiur wesrigs? winaaRmdegi aravin
aris. dRiuri wesrigi damtkicebuli gaxlavT. gadavdivarT dRiur
wesrigis ganxilvaze. 1 sakiTxis gamo sityva ekuTvnis b. gomarTels.

1. saboloo teqstebi.

iv. gomarTeli (s.-d.) kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigis 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,

9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 da me-20 muxlSi aRniSnul sakanon­
mdeblo aqtebis saboloo teqstebs, romlebsac mcire SesworebiT
damf. kreba amtkicebs).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxi aris: dekreti mTavrobis saxlis
Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa. sityva ekuTvnis b. imnaiS­
vils.

2. dekreti mTavrobis saxlis Statisa da xarjT-

aRricxvis damtkicebisa.

n. imnaiSvili (s.-d.) warmodgenili aris Statebi da xarjT-aRricx­

va mTavrobis saxlis, yofil kadetTa korpusis, sadac exla moTavse­
buli aris mTavrobis saqmeTa sammarTvelosTan erTad 6 saministro,
saxeldobr: miwad-moqmedebis, Sinagan-saqmeTa, momaragebis, Sromis,
ganaTlebis, samxedro saministros da saxalxo gvardiis mTavari
Stabi. StatebSi iq navaraudevi aris 48 Tanamdebobis piri, romel­
Ta ricxvSi, Tavis-Tavad cxadia ar Sedis ukve cal-calke uwyebisaT­
vis navaraudevi raodenoba mosamsaxureTa, sul aris 59 mosamsaxure.
aqedan 43 Sedis cal-calke uwyebis StatebSi, rac ukve damtkicebuli
da miRebulia da danarCeni 16 ki aris mTavrobis saqmeTa mmarTvelo­
bis uwyebisa, am axlad warmodgenil StatebSi.
rac exeba meore nawils am xarjT-aRricxvisa, es exeba sameurneo
da sakancelario xarjebs. sul gamoTxovilia am dekretiT kredi­
ti (kiTxulobs cifrs), aq am TanxaSi uudidesi adgili ukaviaT ai am
sameurneo da sakancelario xarjebs. danarCeni ki aris navaraudevi ai
am StatebSi. TviTon jamagirebis normebi Tanamdebobis pirebisa gan­
xiluli aris sauwyebaTaSoriso komisiis mier, sadac warmomadgenle­
bi aris saxelmwifo kontrolisa da finansTa uwyebisa. miRebuli aris

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iq da Semdeg miRebuli da ucvlelad damtkicebuli aris sab.-safinan­
so komisiis mier. aseve safinanso komisiis mier miRebuli da ucvle­
lad damtkicebuli aris sameurneo nawili am xarjT-aRricxvisa, ro­
melic Sesdgeba:1. ganaTebisagan da 2. gaTbobisagan.
saerTod arc erTi paragrafi davas ar iwvevs safinanso komisia­
Si da mis mier miRebuli da damtkicebuli aris da komisia Suamdgom­
lobs, rom igi miRebul iqmnas damfuZnebel krebis mierac.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom muxlobriv ganxilvazed gadavideT? aravin.
gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvazed.
(momxsenebeli kiTxulobs 1-l muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva xarjT-aRricxvisa da Statebis Ses­
axeb? aravis. vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom me-2 muxlis ganxilvazed gada­
videT? aravin.
(momxsenebeli kiTxulobs me-2-e da Semdeg me-3-e muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? aravis. vin aris winaaRmdegi sazo­
gadod mTeli dekretisa? aravin. miRebuli gaxlavT da gadaecema
saredaqcio komisias.
s. d. fraqciidan winadadeba aris Semotanili, romelic moiTxovs,
rom dekreti mesxeT-javaxeTis da artaanis raionSi samomrigeblo sa­
samarTlo institutis SemoRebisa moxsnil iqnas dRiur wesrigidan
da igi miviRoT, rogorc kanon-proeqti. sityva xom aravisa surs?
brZaneT. sityva b. giorgaZes ekuTvnis.

3. dekreti mesxeT-javaxeTSi da artaanis raionSi

samomrigeblo sasamarTlos institutis SemoRebisa.

g. giorgaZe. (s.-d.) Semotanili aris, rogorc dekreti, magram sazo­

gadod fraqciis winadadeba aseTia, rom sityva dekreti Seicvalos
kanon-proeqtad. dResve movisminoT, rogorc kanon-proeqti zogadi
msjelobiT da muxlobrivi ganxilva ki moxdes saTanado dros ganvlis
Semdeg. Cemi winadadeba amaSi mdgomareobs.
Tavmjdomare. am winadadebis Sesaxeb surs Tu ara visme sityva?
aravis. maSasadame es iqneba kanon-proeqtis saxiT ganxiluli, zoga­
di msjelobiT. kanon-proeqti mesxeT-javaxeTis da artaanis raionSi
samomrigeblo sasamarTlo institutis SemoRebisa. momxsenebelni ar­
ian b. rusia da b. giorgaZe. sityva b. rusias ekuTvnis.
m. rusia (s.-d.) 1918 w. seqtembris kanoniT Cven SemoviReT respub­
likaSi samomrigeblo instituti da misi Stati. maSin es kanoni da is
Stati ar iyo gavrcelebuli mesxeT-javaxeTis da artaanis raionSi,
radganac maSindeli mdgomareoba amis SeZlebas ar gvaZlevda. exla
Cven SegviZlia SemoviRoT Tavisi StatebiT, es aucilebeli saWiroe­
bis instituti. iusticiis saministro da iuridiuli komisia wina­

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dadebas aZlevs damfuZnebel krebas, rom mesxeT-javaxeTis da artaanis
raionSi SemoRebuli iqnes samomrigeblo sasamarTlos da sagamomZi­
eblo instituti Tavis StatebiT.
Tavmjdomare. sityva baton giorgaZes ekuTvnis.
g. giorgaZe (s.-d.) safinanso komisiam es Statebi, romelic war­
modgenili aris da aRiara, rom igi savsebiT SeTanxmebuli aris im
normalur StatebTan, romelic iusticiis saministroSi arsebobs da
normebic im normebTan aris Sefardebuli, romelic amas winad dam­
fuZnebelma krebam daamtkica. ase, rom safinanso komisias araferi aqvs
sawinaaRmdego, rom es kanon-proeqti ganxiluli iqnas da miRebuli.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. miRebuli gaxlavT. saTanado dros
gasvlis Semdeg ganxiluli iqneba muxlobrivad kanon-proeqti mesxeT-­
javaxeTis da artaanis raionSi sagamomZieblo institutis SemoRebi­
sa. b. rusia.

4. dekreti mesxeTsa da javaxeTSi da artaanis raionSi

sagamomom­Z ieblo institutis SemoRebisa.

m. rusia. (s-d.) sagamomZieblo institutis Sesaxeb igive unda

iTqvas, rac samomrigeblo sasamarTlos institutis Sesaxeb. 1918 w.
seqtembris kanoniT SemoRebuli iqna sagamomZieblo instituti, mxo­
lod am raionebSi mesxeT-javaxeTisa da artaanis raionSi SemoRebu­
li ar iyo igi, da iusticiis saministro da iuridiuli komisia Sua­
mdgomlobs damfuZnebuli krebis winaSe, rom es iqnes SemoRebuli am
raionebSiac.
Tavmjdomare. sityva b. giorgaZes ekuTvnis.
g. giorgaZe (s.-d.) safinanso komisiis daskvna am dekretis Sesaxeb
iseTivea, rogoric wina dekretis Sesaxeb.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. miRebuli gaxlavT da saTanado dros
ganvlis Semdeg ganvixilavT muxlobriv. pirveli zogadi ganxilva
kanon-proeqtisa sazRvao saswavleblis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis
damtkicebis Sesaxeb. sityva ekuTvnis b. imnaiSvils.

5. zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa foTis sazRvao saswav-

leblis Statis da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

n. imnaiSvili (s.-d.) es saswavlebeli gasuli wlis aqeT arsebobs.

SarSan is arsebobda, rogorc kursebi da am mimdinare wlis dasawy­
isSi ki sazRvao saswavleblad gadakeTda. mas miznad aqvs moamzados
qarTvelebi sazRvao asparezze samuSaod.

146
 es saswavlebeli mxolod wels gadavida saxalxo ganaTlebis samin­
istros uwyebaSi. da ai axla saxalxo ganaTlebis saministro Suamd­
gomlobs damfuZnebeli krebis winaSe, rom Stati da xarjT-aRricxva
am saswavleblisa miRebuli da damtkicebuli iqnes. TviT saswavle­
beli Sesdgeba ori ganyofilebisagan. ori Stati arsebobs: sanaosno
da sameqaniko. iq iReben pirvel dawyebiTi umaRles saswavlebelTa
kurs damTavrebulebs da imas, visac saxelosno saswavlebeli aqvs
damTavrebuli. es saswavlebeli Tavis-Tavad saSualo tipis aris. rac
Seexeba TviT Statebs, igi Sesdgeba oTxi Tanamdebobis pirisagan. es
imitom, rom TiTon xasiaTi am saswavlebelSi muSaobisa Txoulobda
imas, rom zedmeti xarjebi ar yofiliyo gaRebuli. saqme imaSia, rom
Teoriuli swavla eqvs Tves grZeldeba da danarCeni dro undeba praq­
tikul muSaobas. amitom zogad ganaTlebis da specialur sagnebis
maswavleblebi StatSi ar arian Setanilni, rom Tavidan aviciloT is
zedmeti xarji, romelic gamowveuli iqneboda imiT, rom wlis meore
naxevarSi maTTvis gveZlia yovelTviuri jamagiri. Statebi Sesdgeba
4 pirisagan. maswavlebelni, romelnic nebayoflobiT daqiravebulni
arian, miiReben jamagirs mxolod im drois ganmavlobaSi, rodesac
imaswavlebleben, e. i. eqvsi Tvis ganmavlobaSi. Semdeg am saswavleb­
els erTi paragrafi aqvs xarjT-aRricxvaSi, romelic exeba sameurneo
nawils da gamoixateba 60.000 man. es Tanxa saWiroa binis qirisaTvis,
gaTboba-ganaTebisaTvis da sxva sameurneo xarjebisaTvis. 1-l martam­
dis mTavroba iRebda am saswavleblis Sesanaxad saTanado xarjebis aT
milionian fondidan, magram 1-li martidan 1-l ivlisamde, rodesac
Stati iqneba miRebuli da xarjT-aRricxva damtkicebuli, es moxdeba
sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi, am saerTo xarjT-aRricxvis mixedviT aRebu­
li aris 64.000 maneTi.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. miRebuli gaxlavT da saTanado dros
gasvlis Semdeg ganxiluli iqneba muxlobriv. Semdegi sakiTxi aris:
pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – samazro da sasoflo
miliciisa da administraciis axali Statis SemoRebis Sesaxeb. momx­
senebelia b. oniaSvili.

6. zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa samazro-sasoflo mili-­

ciisa da administraciis axal Statis SemoRebis Sesaxeb.

d. oniaSvili (s.-d.) kanon-proeqti, romelic exla damfuZnebelma

krebam unda ganixilos, Seexeba miliciis Statebis reorganizacias.
am kanon-proeqtis mizani aris erTi udidesi mizani – gajansaReba
Cveni miliciisa. Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom milicia saerTod saxelm­
wifoSi asrulebs did da sapasuxismgeblo movaleobas. milicia aris
aRmasrulebeli organo saxelmwifo Zala-uflebisa. da maSasadame,

147
rogorc mTavroba, ise saxelmwifos kanonmdebeli organo, damfuZne­
beli kreba movale aris Seqmnas iseTi pirobebi saxelmwifoSi, rom am
milicias gauadvildes Tvisi didi movaleobis asruleba. Tu milicia
dRes-dReobiT ar aris nivTierad uzrunvelyofili, kargad Cacmu­
li, Tu miliciis Semadgenloba ar aris Tavis simaRleze, maSin darw­
munebuli unda iyoT, rom milicias araviTari ndoba da avtoriteti
ar eqneba xalxSi. milicia Tavis mdgomareobiT, yvelaze axlos aris
dakavSirebuli xalxTan, is aris gamtarebeli mTavrobis dadgenile­
bebisa. mas xalxTan aqvs saqme da Tu xalxma cudi warmodgena iqonia
miliciaze, Tu igi ndobiT ar uyurebs milicias, maSin es uaryofiTi
Sexeduleba gadaaqvs mTavrobaze, saerTod saxelmwifoze da maSasa­
dame mTavrobas saxeli utydeba xalxis TvalSi. maSasadame, miliciis
avtoriteti da prestiJis aweva aris saxelmwifos prestiJis aweva.
miliciis da administraciis saxelis gatexa aris imave dros saxelm­
wifos saxelis gatexa. amitom, vimeoreb, Cven movaleni varT SevqmnaT
iseTi pirobebi, romelic gaaumjobesebs miliciis cxovrebas da sa­
Sualebas miscems mas keTil-sindisierad Seasrulos Tavisi movaleo­
ba saxelmwifos winaSe.
rac Seexeba miliciis movaleobas, amaze sityvas aRar gavagrZeleb.
miliciis saqme, rogorc saerTod administraciisa, rogorc Zvelad,
ise exla, aris wes-rigis dacva saxelmwifoSi. Tqven darwmunebuli
unda iyoT, rom Tu moqalaqes ar eqneba imedi, misi pirovneba daculi
iqneba saxelmwifoSi, rom mis pirovnebas pativs aravin scems da rom
misi ojaxoba ar iqneba daculi, aseT pirobebSi yovlad SeuZlebelia
saxelmwifoSi moqalaqeobrivi cxovreba da saxelmwifos aSeneba. vis
xelSi unda iyves, vis unda eqvemdebarebodes milicia? Tqven iciT,
rom Zveli wes-wyobilebis dros ruseTSi policias ganagebda egreT
wodebuli policiis departamenti, romlis Sefad iTvleboda Sina­
gan-saqmeTa ministri. es policiis departamentebi marTavden mTel
policias saxelmwifoSi gubernatorebisa da policmeisterebis sa­
SualebiT. es iyo centralisturi meTodi mmarTvelobisa da unda
vTqvaT, rom aseT wess didi uaryofiTi mxare hqonda. policia xal­
xTan ar iyo dakavSirebuli da saSinlad utexda saxels saxelmwifos
xalxis TvalSi. policia xalxis sasargeblod ki ara, samtrod iyo
da xalxs saSinlad ejavreboda aseTi policia. (Sengelaia: exla ro­
gor aris? rac Seexeba exlandel mdgomareobas – gansxvaveba aris da
am gansxvavebis Sesaxeb mogaxsenebT, Tu moTminebas iqoniebT, b. leo!
dRevandel miliciis saxeli aris gamocvlili, funqciebi ki poli­
ciuri aris. dRevandeli milicia eqvemdebareba ara raime policiur
departaments, aramed, rogoc mogexsenebaT, 1919 wlis 28 ianvris ka­
nonis ZaliT – erobebs.
Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom mas Semdeg, rac ruseTis didi gadatri­
aleba moxda, Tebervlis revoliuciis dros, pirveli mimarTva droe­
biT mTavrobisa xalxisadmi iyo imis Sesaxeb, rom amieridan uqmdeba

148
policia da wesdeba milicia. es dadgenileba droebiT mTavrobisa
dabeWdili iyo „moambeSi“ 1917 w.
28 ianvris 1919 w. kanonis ZaliT, CvenSi milicia gadaeca samazro
erobebs da amiT, rasakvirvelia, ar unda vTqvaT, rom Sinagan-saqmeTa
saministros saerTo aRaraferi aqvs miliciasTan. piriqiT, umaRlesi
meTvalyureoba, kontrolis da reviziis ufleba darCa Sinagan-saqme­
Ta saministros xelSi. mxolod, rac Seexeba gamgeblebis daniSvnas,
pirebis mowvevas, es gadaeca erobebs. aq aris erTi sakiTxi: romelma
erobam – samazro, Tu dabal safexurze mdgomma erobam unda ganagos
es saqme? Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom CvenSi or sarTuliani eroba aris
– saTemo da samazro. mogexsenebaT, rom saTemo eroba ar aris adgi­
lobriv cxovrebis gamgebeli, radgan jer bevrgan saTemo arCevnebi
arc ki damTavrebula da amitom, dRevandel pirobebSi, SeuZlebe­
lia da saxelmwifosTvis sawinaaRmdego da damRupveli iqneba, rom
milicia Tems daeqvemdebaros. amitom aucilebelia da saxelmwifo
interesi moiTxovs, rom milicia mazraSi samazro erobas daeqvemde­
baros. sinamdvileSi asec aris. Tqven iciT, rom aseTi wesi milici­
is mowyobisa marto saqarTveloSi ar aris, asevea sxva ganaTlebul
saxelmwifoebSi – inglisSi, safrangeTSi da sxv. milicia adgilobriv
TviTmmarTvelobas eqvemdebareba, Tumc aq saxeli sxvanairi aris,
iq policia qvian, magram es faqtiurad ase aris – qalaqSi munici­
palitetebi ganageben, provinciaSi – sofelSi ki samazro erobebi.
rac Seexeba saxels – milicia, es marto SveicariaSi aris, danarCen
saxelmwifoebSi ki policia qvia.
ra cvlileba Semogvaqvs exla am StatebSi da miliciis mowyobaSi
Zvel StatebTan SedarebiT? Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom miliciis ufro­
si axali saxeli aris. dRes-dReobiT mazrebSi komisaris Tanamdebo­
ba kidev aris, magram es qaRaldze darCa. faqtiurad yvela mazrebSi
gauqmebulia rogorc mazris, ise raionis komisaris Tanamdeboba. rac
samazro erobebi daarsda, mravali sakomisro funqciebi, romlebsac
winad komisrebi ganagebdnen, gadaeca samazro erobebs da kerZod mis
administratiul ganyofilebas. maSasadame, miliciis komisariatis
xelSi darCa wminda policiuri funqciebi da amiT iseTi pirebi unda
ganagebdnen, romlebic aRWurvili iqnebian wminda policiuri fun­
qciebiT. saxeli gamoicvala – gauqmebuli aris samazro komisari da
SemoRebuli aris samazro miliciis ufrosis Tanamdeboba. komisaris
kancelaria gauqmebuli aris da amis nacvlad iqmneba miliciis ufro­
sis kancelaria. rac Seexeba raionebs, amis Sesaxeb unda mogaxsenoT,
rom wineT iyo es Tanamdeboba, raionis komisrisa, exla ki dawesebu­
lia miliciis ufrosis Tanamdeboba. saqme imaSia, rom TviTeuli mazra
gayofili aris raionebad, romelTa ricxvi sxva da sxva nairia, imis
mixedviT, Tu ramdeni mcxovrebi da teritoria aris raionebSi. rac
Seexeba cnobebs, cnobebi wardgenili iyo saministroSi erobebis mier
maSin, roca gaimarTa erobaTa TaTbiri. am TaTbirze SemuSavebuli

149
iyo es debuleba, romelic daedva safuZvlad am kanon-proeqts. amasTa­
nave, Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom umTavresi centri miliciis moqmedebisa
mazraSi aris da es Statebic imnairad aris Sedgenili, rom uZlieresi
policiuri ase vTqvaT, muSti da Zala dagrovili aris raionSi da ara
sasoflo sazogadoebaSi.
Semdeg gadavalT imaze, Tu rogor iqneba mowyobili milicia
TviTeul soflis sazogadoebaSi. Zvelad iyo Tanamdeboba soflis
sazogadoebis komisrisa da am komisaris gankargulebaSi imyofebo­
da xuTi milicioneri. saministros aq Seaqvs Semdegnairi Sesworeba:
5 milicioneris nacvlad iyos 2 milicioneri da soflis sazogadoe­
bis komisris Tanamdeboba ki sruliad gaauqmes. mosazreba ubraloa.
SeiZleba vsTqvaT, rom 2 milicioneri soflis sazogadoebaSi cotaa,
verafers gaxdebao, magram mxedvelobaSi unda miviRoT is garemoeba,
romelzedac me mogaxseneT, saxeldobr is, rom simZimis centri gadat­
anili aris raionebSi. da Tu gaCaRda yaCaRoba, anarqia, an seriozu­
li mdgomareoba Seiqmna, maSin am mdgomareobas angariSs gauwevs da
yaCaRebs SeebrZoleba ara es 2 kaci, aramed is dagrovili Zala, rome­
lic ama Tu im raionSia.
rac Seexeba im kiTxvas, raionSi ramdeni milicioneri unda iyos,
amazed kanon-proeqtSi verafers ver naxavT, imitom rom ricxvi mili­
cionerebisa ar aris gansazRvruli mazris TviTeuli raionisaTvis.
amaTi ganawileba ama Tu im raionSi es aris Sinauri saqme saTanado
erobisa. SeiZleba erT raionSi iyves meti milicioneri, meoreSi na­
klebi da sxv. rac Seexeba milicionerebis ricxvs mazrebSi, amis Ses­
axeb unda mogaxsenoT, rom sxva da sxva nairi aris es ricxvi, im ma­
salebis mixedviT, romelic warmodgenilia adgilobriv erobebis
mier; Semdeg, rodesac Statebis ganxilvaze gadavalT, Tqven miaqcevT
yuradRebas erT movlenas, pirdapir TvalSi gecemaT is, rom tfili­
sis mazraSi, Tumca es mazra SedarebiT patara aris, milicionerTa
ricxvi SedarebiT metia, saxeldobr 166. es aixsneba im gansakuTebul
pirobebiT, romelSiac imyofeba tfilisis mazra; am mazraSi aris
yaraiazis raioni, sadac iseTi pirobebia, iseTi mdgomareoba aris Se­
qmnili, rom pirdapir saxelmwifos interesebi moiTxoven am raionSi
gaZlierebul iqmnas milicionerTa razmi. swored gansakuTrebiT am
raionisaTvis Sinagan-saqmeTa saministrom Seitana aseTi cvlileba da
milicionerTa ricxvi iq (yaraiazis raionSi) gaadida 60 kacamdis. am
SemTxveviTi garemoebiT aixsna is, rom tfilisis mazraSi SedarebiT
meti ricxvia milicionerebisa, vidre sxva mazraSi. rac Seexeba jam­
agirebs, amis Sesaxeb unda mogaxsenoT, rom es jamagirebi SedarebiT,
rasakvirvelia, gadidebuli aris faqtiurad. dRes Tqven iciT, rom
milicia saerTod ar kmayofildeba im kreditebiT da arc SeiZleba,
rom dakmayofildes, romelsac uxsnis mTavroba; amitom yvela ero­
ba am kreditebs kidev umatebs Tavis sakuTar kasidan fuls, ise, rom
faqtiurad ar aris arc erTi mazra, sadac miliciis ufrosi ar iReb­

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des 5000-6000 maneTs TveSi am sistemiT. amitom miliciis jamagirebi
SedarebiT gadidebuli aris. magaliTisaTvis mogaxsenebT: miliciis
ufross unda mieces am proeqtis mixedviT 3500 maneTi, mis TanaSemwes
2000 man; raionis miliciis ufross 2000 man; ufros milicioners –
1600 man; umcros milicioners – 1500 man; da sul umcros soflis mi­
licioners eZleva 1200 maneTi. amas emateba kidev Tebervlis damateba,
ase, rom daaxlovebiT ise gamodis, rogorc me mogaxseneT. miliciis
ufross 6000 man. TveSi da sxva. garda am jamagirebisa, am kanonproeq­
tiT nagulisxmevia agreTve erTdrouli daxmareba ubedur SemTxvevis
dros. Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom es milicia iseT mdgomareobaSi aris
Cayenebuli, rom yaCaRebis devnis dros maT ubeduri SemTxvevebi mo­
eliT. marTlac iyo daWris, mokvlis magaliTebi. da aramc Tu dRes,
Zvel wyobilebis drosac miRebuli iyo, rom mTavrobam unda gauwios
raime daxmareba milicias aseT SemTxvevebSi. am miznisTvis gadadebu­
li aris mTel respublikaSi 100.000 maneTi. rasakvirvelia es cota
aris, magram amas droebiTi xasiaTi aqvs, radganac ueWvelia damfuZne­
beli kreba am specialur miznisTvis SeimuSavebs kanon-proeqts, sad­
ac miRebuli iqneba gansazRvruli normebi ara marto miliciisaTvis,
aramed yvela mosamsaxureTaTvis.
garda amisa navaraudevi aris agreTve moulodneli xarjebi, saa­
gento xarjebi. TviTeul mazrisaTvis daaxlovebiT aris 120.000 mane­
Ti, mxolod afxazeTisaTvis, radganac is gansakuTrebul pirobebSi
arsebobs, navaraudevi aris 500 aTasi maneTi. daniSnuleba am xarjebis
is aris, rom yaCaRebis devnis dros, borotmoqmedebis aRmoCenis dros
aucilebeli saWiroeba aris, rom miliciis ufrosis gankargulebaSi
iyvnen iseTi pirebi, romelnic gascemen am yaCaRebs, miuTiTeben borot­
moqmedebaze da SesaZlebelia Seiqmnas iseTi pirobebi rom marTla
milicias dasWirdes fulis gaReba jildos misacemad. amitom es mou­
lodneli xarjebi aucilebel saWiroebas warmoadgenen da amisaTvis
saWiro Tanxa unda iyves miliciis ufrosis gankargulebaSi.
ai, maSasadame Tu exla mxedvelobaSi miviRebT yvela am xarjebs, ja­
magirebs, erTdroul daxmarebas da moulodnel xarjebs, SevaerTebT
yvelas, wliurad gamodis 80 milioni maneTi, xolo sabiujeto wlis
damlevamde, e. i. pirvel Tebervlidan pirvel ivnisamde es jami udris
47 milion maneTs. SesaZlebelia, rom es jami sruliad swori ar iyves,
SeiZleba es cota meti an naklebi iyos, imitom rom TviTeul mazrisaT­
vis aris Sedgenili nusxebi da amas daTvla unda; roca dekrets mux­
lobriv ganvixilavT, maSin swor jams mogaxsenebT, rom saWiro aris 47
milioni maneTis gacema.
es Statebi saministros mier warmodgenil proeqtiT ZalaSi Se­
dis pirvel noembridan gasuli wlisa. am saqmes Tan axlavs daskvna,
rogorc saxelmwifo kantrolisa, agreTve finansTa uwyebisa; isini
winaaRmdegni arian imisa, rom Statebi ZalaSi Sevides pirvel no­
embridan. am or uwyebas formaluris mxriv ukanonod miaCniaT es da

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amitom moiTxoven, rom Statebi Sevides ZalaSi dRidan miRebisa dam­
fuZnebel krebis mier.
es erTi Sesworeba.
meore: rogorc kontroli, ise finansTa uwyeba winaaRmdegni ari­
an imisi, rom gaweul iqnas es moulodneli saagento xarjebi.
maSasadame es ori dawesebuleba adasturebs mxolod da mxolod
jamagirebs da met arafers. es kanon-proeqti ganxiluli iyo sabiu­
jeto-safinanso komisiaSi, romlis saxeliT me momxseneblad gamov­
al. unda mogaxsenoT, rom sabiujeto komisiaSi didi laparaki iyo
am kanon-proeqtis Sesaxeb da mogexsenebaT me im kiTxvebze, romlis
garSemo gaimarTa kamaTi, – upirveles yovlisa iq aRiZra erTi kiTxva:
saidan unda iyos gaRebuli es fuli, xazinam unda gaiRos, Tu erobam.
Sinagan-saqmeTa saministros azri iseTi aris, rom es fuli unda gai­
Ros xazinam, radganac jer-jerobiT erobebi iseT mdgomareobaSi
arian, rom sul erTia, kidec, rom erobebs davakisroT fulis gaReba,
mainc isini ver SesZleben jamagirebis micemas da xarjebis gaswore­
bas. magram mTavrobis dadgenilebis ZaliT udidesi nawili am fuli­
sa 75 proc. gaRebul unda iqnas saxelmwifo xazinidan, danarCeni 25
proc. gaReba ki daekisros erobebs. ai, es sakiTxi ganixila sabiuje­
to-safinanso komisiam da daadgina xmis umravlesobiT, Tumc unda
mogaxsenoT, rom didi umravlesoba ar iyo, mxari dauWiros mTavro­
bis dadgenilebas, e. i. 75 proc. fulisa unda gaiRos xazinam, xolo
25 proc. erobebma.
umciresobis azri iseTi iyo, rom kidec davakisroT fulis gaReba
isedac sust erobebs, meore dRes movlen erobebi TxovniT da mTavro­
bas saqmes gauWireben sesxis Sesaxeb. magram umravlesoba ambobda, rom
es fuli nawilobriv aucileblad unda gaiRos erobebma.
ase Tu isea, gadawyda es sakiTxi da exla, rasakvirvelia, Cvenzed,
damfuZnebel krebazed aris damokidebuli, miiRebs am sab.-saf. komi­
siis dadgenilebas Tu ara. meore sakiTxi, romelmac gamoiwvia kamaTi
sab.-saf. komisiaSi es iyo milicionerTa ricxvi sxva da sxva soflis
sazogadoebebSi. me unda mogaxsenoT, rom Sin.-saqmeTa saministros
proeqtis ZaliT, TviTeul sazogadoebaSi unda iyves 2 milicioneri
da ai sab.-saf. komisiaSi daisva sakiTxi, sakmao aris Tu ara es ricxvi?
iq gamoiTqva iseTi azri, rom ori Zalian mcire aris da saWiroa es
ricxvi gadiddes samamdis. magram arc es da arc pirveli winadade­
ba ar gavida. miRebuli iyo saSualo kompromisuli winadadeba. Ses­
woreba iyo iseTi, rom TviTeul erobas mieces ufleba yovel kerZo
konkretiul SemTxvevaSi aRZras Suamdgomloba mTavrobis winaSe, Tu
adgilobriv saWiroeba moiTxovs, ricxvi milicionerebisa gadidebul
iyos oridan samamde. im miznisaTvis, rom Sinagan-saqmeTa saministros
hqondes saSualeba daakmayofilos aseTi moTxovnileba, gadaidos
exlave 500 aTasi maneTi. Tu meti dasWirdeba, maSin calke dekretiT
Semova saministro damfuZnebel krebaSi.

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 garda amisa, rogorc TviTmmarTvelobis komisiam, agreTve sab.-
saf. komisiam miiRo erTi Sesworeba, romelic Seexeba TianeTis da
tfilisis mazras. saqme imaSia, TianeTis mazraSi dRes faqtiurad 5
raioni aris. SecdomiT Tu sxva mizeziT kanon-proeqtSi iyo Setanili
3 raioni, rac sruliad ar akmayofilebs am mazras. amitom 3 raionis
magivrad TviTmmarTvelobis da sab.-saf. komisiebma miiRes 5 raioni.
tfilisis mazris Sesaxeb unda mogaxsenoT, rom Tumca exla aris 8
raioni, magram eseni iseTi didebi arian, magaliTad aRbulaRis, man­
glisis raionebi, rom SeiZleba sul mokle xanSi saWiro iyves maTi
raionebaT dayofa. da ai aqac sab.-saf. komisiam da TviTmmarTvelobis
komisiam miiRo Sesworeba 8 raionis magivrad iyos 9. ase, rom TianeTis
mazraSi iqneba 5, tfilisis – 9.
furaJis Sesaxeb: kanon-proeqtSi cxenebisaTvis warmodgenili iyo
500 maneTi Tviurad. sab.-saf. komisiam daadgina, rom es Zalian cota
aris da amitom 500 man. 1000 maneTamde gadidda. Semdeg rac Seexeba
im kiTxvas, rodis unda Sevides es Statebi ZalaSi, sab.-saf. komisiam
miiRo dadgenileba, rom Statebi unda Sevides ZalaSi 1 Tebervlidan.
Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom im Statebis moqmedeba, romelic miRebuli
iyo 2 agvistos warsuli wlisa, ramdenime dekretiT gagrZelebuli
iyo da ukanasknelad rom dekreti miiReT, im Statebs vada uTavdeba 1
Tebervals. ise, rom 1 Tebervlidan kreditebi aRar aris gaxsnili da
Cven rom es dekreti ZalaSi SeviyvanoT dRidan miRebisa damfuZnebel
krebis mier, SeuZlebeli iqneba milicionerebis jamagirebiT dakmay­
ofileba. amitom sab.-saf. komisias kanonierad miaCnia, rom dekreti
ZalaSi Sevides 1 Tebervlidan. amasTanave, rasakvirvelia, sab.-
saf. komisia saWirod scnobs, rom Tebervlis damateba aucileblad
gavrceldes miliciaze. maSasadame ai is masala, romelic Tan axlavs
kanon-proeqts.
SeiZleba me rame damaviwyda, magram Tu kamaTi gaimarTeba amis Ses­
axeb, maSin Sevecdebi aRvadgino yvela, rac gamomrCa.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva sazogado msjelobisaTvis? msurve­
li aravinaa. vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom muxlobrivi ganxilva moxdes?
aravin. muxlobrivi ganxilva moxdeba saTanado vadis Semdeg.
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxis Sesaxeb sityva ekuTvnis b. niniZes.

7. dekreti miwad-moqmedebis ministris gankargulebaSi

15 mil. man. gadadebis Sesaxeb saTanado masalebis SesaZenad.

k. niniZe (s. d.) Cven gaweul wels miviReT dekreti, romlis Zal­
iTac miwad-moqmedebis saministros gankargulebaSi gadadebul iqna
gansazRvruli Tanxa saTesle masalis SesaZenad. es Tanxa sakmarisi
ar aRmoCnda da miwad-moqmedebis saministro Suamdgomlobs, rom ga­
dadebul iqnes mis gankargulebaSi 15 milioni maneTi saTesle masa­

153
lis SesaZenad. marTalia xorbleulobis Tesva ukve dagvianebulia,
magram simindis da qeris daTesisTvis dro kvlav darCa. es SesaZlebe­
lia kidev ori Tvis ganmavlobaSi. am mxriv ganxiluli iyo es dekreti
agrarul da safinanso komisiebSi da orives mier miRebul iqna.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis vis surs sityva? sityva ar­
avis surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobrivi ganxilvisa? winaaRmdegi
aravin aris. gTxovT waikiTxoT.
k. niniZe (kiTxulobs pirvel muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. miRebulia. Semdeg.
k. niniZe (kiTxulobs meore muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. miRebulia. vin aris
winaaRmdegi dekretisa saerTod? winaaRmdegi aravin aris, dekreti
miRebulia da gadaecema saredaqcio komisias. Semdegi sakiTxis Sesa­
xeb sityva ekuTvnis b. k. niniZes.

8. dekreti saxelmwifo mamulebis naTesebis

gasafarToeblad 8.158.025 man. gadadebisa.

k. niniZe. (s.-d.) saqme SemdegSi mdgomareobs: miwaT-moqmedebis sa­

ministros gankargulebaSi imyofeba sxva da sxva sacdeli mindvrebi,
sameurneo skolebi, sadac aris Tavisufali miwebi, romelzedac Sei­
Zleba meurneobis warmoeba. amas aqvs is mniSvneloba, rom SeiZleba am
mosavliT dakmayofilebul iqnes am adgilebSi mosamsaxureTa moTx­
ovnilebebi, da agreTve sazogadod Sesustebul iqnes is sasursaTo
krizisi, romelic arsebobs. amisaTvis aparati ramdenimed mowyobi­
lia. am adgilebSi aris Stati mosamsaxureTa da amitom SesaZlebelia
am saqmis ganxorcieleba. unda mogaxsenoT, rom proeqts Tan axlavs
daskvna finansTa ministrisa da saxelmwifo kontrolisa. isini prin­
cipialurad eTanxmebian am dekrets, magram gamosTqvamen SiSs, rom
SesaZlebelia am wesiT warmoebam ver moitanos imdeni sargebloba,
rogorc ijariT gacemamo. komisia fiqrobs, rom SeiZleba ijariT
gacemam meti sargebloba mogvitanos, magram ar SeiZleba am saxiT
meurneobis warmoeba. mniSvneloba aqvs agreTve im garemoebas, rom
saxelmwifo meurneoba raki dawyebulia, unda ganviTardes igi. Sei­
Zleba naklebi iyos realuri sargebloba, magram es ver agvaRebinebs
xels, radgan amas aqvs sxva mniSvneloba. yovel SemTxvevaSi, rac unda
cudad wavides saqme, ar iqneba ise, rom es xarjebi mainc ar dafaros.
da amitom Suamdgomlobs Tqvens winaSe safinanso komisia, rom es
dekreti dadasturebul iqnes.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis vis surs sityva? aravis. vin
aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? aravin. gTxovT waikiTxoT.
k. niniZe. (kiTxulobs pirvel muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. miRebulia.

154
 k. niniZe. (kiTxulobs meore muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. miRebulia. vin aris
winaaRmdegi am dekretisa saerTod? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. dekreti
miRebulia da gadaecema saredaqcio komisias.
Semdegi sakiTxis Sesaxeb sityva ekuTvnis b. imnaiSvils.

9. dekreti skolis gareSe swavlis SemoRebisaTvis

2 mil. man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.

n. imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) es dekreti exeba ori milioni maneTis gadade­

bas skolis gareSe swavlis mosawyobad. saxalxo ganaTlebis komi­
sias da uwyebas skolis gareSe ganaTleba miaCnia udides saSualebad
TviTcnobierebis da swavlis gasavrceleblad xalxSi, romlis didma
nawilma saubeduroT wera-kiTxva ar icis. am mxriv dRemdis bevri ar
gakeTebula, advilad gasagebi mizezebis gamo, sadac raime gakeTda,
isic saxalxo universitetebis meoxebiT da isic kerZo iniciativiT
saxelmwifos dauxmareblad. exla saxalxo komisias uwyebasTan erTad
surs am muSaobas misces saxelmwifoebrivi xasiaTi da es skolis ga­
reSe ganaTlebis saqme unda moewyos farTo masStabiT. Cven am saqmis
mowyoba ase gvaqvs warmodgenili: specialur organoebs am mizniT
ver SevqmniT, radgan es did xarjebs moiTxovs, TiTqmis imden xar­
jebs, rac ujdeba uwyebas saxalxo skolis Senaxva, Tumca es iqneboda
advili, magram raki es udides xarjebs moiTxovs, amitom Tavis Tavad
cxadia, xeli unda aviRoT aseT ganzraxvaze. Cven unda visargebloT
im organoebiT, romelic ukve arsebobs, e. i. saxalxo skolebiT da im
ZalebiT, romelnic Tavmoyrilni arian saxalxo skolebis garSemo,
e. i. maswavleblebiT. Tu Cven viangariSebT mTels respublikaSi 1500
skolas, xolo am miznisTvis or-or maswavleblebs yovel skolaSi, ma­
Sin mTel respublikaSi skolis gareSe swavlis mosawyobad dagvWir­
deba 3000 maswavlebeli. TiTo saxalxo skolasTan iqneba es kursebi,
anu sakvirao skola da ai am asparezze samuSaod gamoyenebul iqnebian
is maswavleblebi, romelnic saTaveSi udganan saxalxo skolebs adgi­
lobriv. ase gvaqvs warmodgenili am muSaobis gegma. Tavis Tavad cxa­
dia, saSualeba mogvecema gamoviyenoT am miznisTvis es Zalebi da maSin
gagviadvildeba es muSaoba finansiuri mxriTac.
Tu am mxriv vawarmoeT muSaoba, maSin Cven respublikas gacilebiT
naklebi daujdeba imitom, rom is maswavleblebi, romlebic adgilo­
brivad iqnebian skolebSi, am skolis gareSe ganaTlebas moandomebs
mxolod ramdenime saaTs. Cven nagulisxmevi gvaqvs kviraSi 2 saaTi.
amisTvis isini damatebiT jamagirs miiReben. Tu kviraSi 2 gakveTili
eqnebaT da TveSi 8, maSin damatebiT miiReben 200 maneTs. Tavis-Tavad
cxadia, rom es 200 man. imdeni Tanxa ar aris, rom vinme daainteresos,
magram aq aris saqmis ideuri mxare da saxalxo ganaTlebis komis­

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ia fiqrobs uwyebasTan erTad, rom Tu am saqmes magari da mtkice sa­
Zirkveli Caeyara da win wavida, mxolod imitom, rom am saqmes aqvs
ideuri xasiaTi da amitom vfiqrob, rom ideur saqmiT gatacebuli mas­
wavleblebi Seudgebian am saqmis mowyobas. es jer-jerobiT cda iqneba
da Semdeg ufro farTod moewyoba. Tu TviTeul sofelSi mogvardeba
es saqme da TviTeul maswavlebelze viangariSebT 200 maneTs, maSin ga­
modis 3 milioni maneTi. Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom am muSaobas qalaqSi
awarmoebs saxalxo universitetebi. am saxalxo universitetebs Tavi­
si Tanxa ar aqvT, rom gauZlon am saqmes da saWiroa mTavrobis daxmare­
ba. Tu viangariSebT am daxmarebas, uwyebas navaraudevi aqvs 3 milioni
200 aTasi maneTi da saxalxo ganaTlebis komisias eTanxmeba. magram es
Tanxa, rogorc hqonda navaraudevi komisias da uwyebas, saxelmwifo
kontrolis mier ar iqmna dadasturebuli da Semcirebul iqmna erT
milionamde. arc finansiurma uwyebam misca daskvna, radgan gegma ar
iyo SemuSavebuli. amitom, Semdeg, rodesac mTavrobam ganixila es
sakiTxi, saSualo Tanxaze gaCerda. man ar miiRo arc uwyebis da arc
saxelmwifo kontrolis daskvna da miiRo 2 milioni maneTis gadadeba.
Tavis-Tavad cxadia, rom es Tanxa 2 milioni pirvel TveSi ar eyofa,
magram es iqneba uwyebis pirveli cda, dasawyisi da vfiqrobT, rom Tu
saqme gafarTovdeba da yvela kulturuli Zalebi, romlebic sofel­
Si moipovebian am saqmes moagvareben, maSin damatebiTi Tanxac saWiro
iqneba da uwyebis da ganaTlebis komisia fiqrobs, rom am damatebiTi
Tanxas damatebiT gamoviRebT. am rigad, am 2 mil. maneTis gaReba sa­
finanso komisiis mierac iqmna dadasturebuli. sxvaTa Soris, amaSia
is subsidiac, romelic miecema saxalxo universitetebs tfilisSi,
quTaisSi da WiaTuraSi, radgan amgvarive mizans emsaxureba univer­
sitetebic. Tavis-Tavad cxadia, rom am didi saqmis, saxalxo ganaT­
lebis skolis gareSe mowyobaSi, uwyebas didi dabrkoleba Sexvdeba,
radgan mas saTanado organoebi ar moepoveba da maSasadame arc eqneba
sagrZnobeli Zala, romliTac unda isargeblos uwyebam. mTavari xelmZ­
Rvaneli iqneba uwyeba da adgilobriv TviTmmarTvelobis daxmarebiT,
vfiqrobT, rom es dabrkoleba gadalaxul iqneba, radgan Cven soflad,
saxalxo maswavleblebs garda, sxva kulturuli Zalebic mogvepoeba.
im soflebSi, sadac saswavlebeli ar aris, sxva da sxva dawesebuleba
aris da Tu dawesebulebani ar arian, moipoebian iseTi inteligenti
moRvaweni, romlebic am saqmisaTvis gamosadegni arian. saxalxo ganaT­
lebis uwyeba fiqrobs, rom pirvel rigSi daeyrdnos soflis maswav­
leblebs, meore rigSi ki daeyrdnoba yvela imas, vinc am saqmisTvis ar
daiSurebs energias, radgan mas aqvs udidesi ideuri mxare.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
gTxovT waikiTxoT pirveli muxli.
n. imnaiSvili (kiTxulobs 1-l muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? aravis. vin aris winaaRmdegi am
muxlisa? aravin. muxli miRebulia. gTxovT waikiTxoT Semdegi muxli.

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 n. imnaiSvili (kiTxulobs meore muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? aravis. vin aris winaaRmdegi? ara­
vin. muxli miRebulia. vin aris saerTod dekretis winaaRmdegi? ara­
vin. dekreti miRebulia. gTxovT moisminoT gancxadebani: geronti
qiqoZe acxadebs, rom mas survili aqvs imuSaos sabiblioTeko, samxed­
ro da xelovnebis komisiaSi. winaaRmdegi xom aravin aris? maSasadame
es gancxadeba miRebulia. meore gancxadeba aris soc.-demokratiul
fraqciisa: samxedro komisiaSi nacvlad xoWolavasi da JRentisa soc.-
dem. fraqcia asaxelebs n. imnaiSvils da e. kalaZes. gTxovT moisminoT
Sedegi krebis dRiuri wesrigi.
mdivani (kiTxulobs Semdegi krebis dRiur wesrigs).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? aravis. vin aris winaaRmdegi? ara­
vin. Semdegi krebis dRiuri wesrigi miRebulia. kreba daxuruli gax­
lavT.
kreba ixureba 2 s. 20 w.

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 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

meSvide sxdoma

(7)

1920 weli. aprilis 2. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. saboloo teqstebi.
2. dekreti – samxedro uwyebisaTvis saWiro 50.000 man. gadadebisa.
3. dekreti – tfilisis qalaqis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis 30.000.000
man. sesxis micemisa.
4. dekreti – axalcixis mazris erobisaTvis 200.000 man. micemisa.
5. dekreti – mTavrobis saxlis damwvar nawilebis SesakeTeblad,
cecxlis sawinaaRmdego mowyobilobis da sxva saaRmSeneblo saWiroe­
bisaTvis 1.686.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.
6. dekreti – proporciuli saaqcizo gadasaxadis dawesebisa.
7. dekreti – gzaTa uwyebisaTvis 1919 – 1920 w. xarjT-aRricxvis
damatebiT 2.118.195 man. gadadebisa.
8. dekreti – kerZo saswavlebelTa dasaxmareblad 500.000 man.
9. saboloo teqstebi.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris amxanagi

eqvTime TayaiSvili.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivnis amx. qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
prezidiumSi aris k. jafariZe.
sxdoma iwyeba naSuadRevs 12 1/2 saaT.
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas gaxsnilad vacxadeb. mdivani mogaxsenebT
dRiur wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs).

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 dRiuri wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti – arsenalis Tofis da tyviismfrqvevelis saxe­

losnos gafarToebis da vaznebis aRsaWurvel droebiTi saxelosnos
mowyobisaTvis 7.689.400 man. gadadebis dekretisa. momxsenebelia qr.
SaraSiZis asuli.
2. saboloo teqsti – skolis gareSe swavlebis mosawyobad 2.000.000
man. gadadebis dekretisa. momxsenebelia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
3. saboloo teqsti – saxelmwifo mamulebSi naTesebis gasafar­
Toeblad 8.158.025 man. gadadebis dekretisa. momxsenebelia qr. Sara­
SiZis asuli.
4. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – miwad-moqmedebis ministris gan­
kargulebaSi 15.000.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb saTesle masalis Sesa­
Zenad. momxsenebelia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
5. saboloo teqsti – mTavrobis saxlis Statisa da xarjT-aRric­
xvis damtkicebis dekretisa. momxsenebelia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
6. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – quTaisSi me-2
xarisxis sabaJos daarsebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia i. salayaia.
7. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – respublikis
sapyrobileTa Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. mom­
xsenebelia gr. giorgaZe.
8. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – gzaTa depar­
tamentis centraluri organos Statis gadidebisa da jamagiris mo­
matebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia v. cabaZe.
9. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – Sinagan-saqme­
Ta saministros veterinar-sasanitaro ganyofilebis, saveterinaro
personalis da Sratis dammzadebeli sadguris Statisa da xarjT-aR­
ricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
10. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa oficerTa da ja­
riskacTa tanisamosis Secvlis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia s. mdivani.
11. dekreti – mTavrobis saxlis damwvari nawilis SesakeTeblad,
cecxlis sawinaaRmdego mowyobilobis SesaZenad da sxva saaRmSeneblo
saWiroebisaTvis 1.686.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia n. im­
naiSvili.
12. dekreti – proporciul saaqcizo gadasaxadis dawesebisa. momx­
senebelia cabaZe.

damateba:

13. dekreti – tfilisis qalaqis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis 30.000.000

man. sesxis micemisa. momxsenebelia m. rusia da v. cabaZe.
14. dekreti – samxedro uwyebis saWiroebisaTvis 50.000.000 man. ga­
dadebisa. momxsenebelia gr. giorgaZe.

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 15. dekreti – axalcixis mazris erobisaTvis 2.000.000 man. sesxis
micemisa. momxsenebelia i. salayaia.
16. dekreti – gzaTa uwyebis 1919-1920 wlis xarjT-aRricxvis
damatebad 2.118.195 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
17. dekreti – kerZo saswavlebelTaTvis dasaxmareblad 500.000
man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
Tavmjdomare. soc.-demokr. fraqc. Semosulia Semdegi winadadeba:
„dRiuri wesrigi Seicvalos Semdeg nairad: saboloo teqstebs Semdeg
daisvas me-14 sakiTxi – 1 sakiTxad, me-13 – me-2-ed, me-15 – me-3-ed, da
maTi saboloo teqstebi dResve iqnes miRebuli, agreTve sapyrobile­
Ta xarjT-aRricxvis saboloo teqstic dResve iqnes miRebuli“. vin
aris winaaRmdegi winadadebisa? aravin. winadadeba miRebulia. gada­
vdivarT dRiur wesrigis ganxilvaze. saboloo teqstebs mogaxsenebT
qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli. (s.-d.) (kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs 1, 2, 3, 4 da
5 muxlebSi aRniSnul sakanonmdeblo aqtTa saboloo teqstebs, rome­
lic damfuZnebel krebis mier iqna damtkicebuli).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis b-on gior­
gaZes.

1. dekreti samxedro uwyebis saWiroebisaTvis

50.000.000 man. gadadebisa.

gr. giorgaZe. (s.-d.) dRevandel pirobebSi Cven kidev gvixdeba

araCveulebriv mdgomareobasTan gvqondes saqme, da ara moulod­
neli xarjebisaTvis gansakuTrebuli Tanxa geviRoT. amas winad
samxedro saministros gankargulebaSi 40 mil. man. iyo gadadebuli.
rogorc warmodgenil xarjebidan sCans es 40 milioni maneTi samin­
istros ukve dauxarjavs. warmodgenil xarjebi safinanaso komis­
iam ganixila da daamtkica. axla fondi amowurulia, mdgomareoba
ki garTulebulia, amitom samxedro saministrom aRZra Suamdgom­
loba, rom miscemoda mas 45 mil. maneTi. es iyo ramdenime xnis winad.
saxelmwifo kontrolis azriT sakmarisi iqneba mieces 35 mil. man.
saxelmwifo kontrolma daaklo am 45 mil. man. 10 mil. imitom, rom
im Jamad 45 mil. daxarjuli ar iyo. 4-5 mil. m. kidev hqonda samxedro
uwyebas Tavis gankargulebaSi, magram amis Semdeg es Tanxa daixarja
da roca mTavroba arCevda am sakiTxs, mTavrobam daadgina samxedro
ministris gankargulebaSi gadadebuliyo moulodnel xarjisaTvis
50 mil. man. es sakiTxi ganixila jer samxedro komisiam, romelmac
Tanamedrove pirobebis mixedviT awon-dawona es sakiTxi da daadas­
tura es xarjebi; es dekreti agreTve ganixila safinanso komisiam,
romelmac aucileblad saWirod scno, gadaidos es Tanxa samxedro
ministris gankargulebaSi. ai is, rac unda momexsenebia am xarjebis
aucileblobis Sesaxeb.

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 Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis sityva vis nebavs? vin aris
winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvaze gadasvlisa? gadavdivarT muxlo­
briv ganxilvaze. gTxovT waikiTxoT saTauri da pirveli muxli.
giorgaZe. (kiTxulobs).
muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna damf. krebis
mier da saboloo teqstisaTvis saredaqcio komisias gadaeca.
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis b-on rusias.

2. dekreti tfilisis qalaqis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis

30.000.000 man. sesxis micemisa.

m. rusia (s.-d.) tfilisis qalaqis TviTmmarTveloba Suamdgomlo­

biT Semodis damf. krebaSi, rom mas mieces grZelvadian sesxad 30 mil.
maneTi. es Suamdgomloba ganixila mTavrobam, damf. krebis komisiebma
TviTmmarTvelobisa da safinansom da miiRo.
is mdgomareoba, romelsac dRes ganicdis qal. tfilisi, pirdapir
autanelia.
dRes-dReobiT navaraudevia qalaqis gasavali 300 mil. maneTi, Se­
mosavali ki, rasakvirvelia, SedarebiT gasavalTan mcirea. sabiuje­
to ufleba, romelic hqondaT qalaqis TviTmmarTvelobebs Zveli re­
Jimis dros, TiTqmis Seucvlelad darCa, me vambob „TiTqmis“ imitom,
rom droebiTi mTavrobis Sesworebani ise mcire mniSvnelovania, rom
laparakic zedmetia.
amgvarad Semosavali wyaroebi qalaqis TviTmmarTvelobaTa darCa
Zveli. xarjebi ki, rogorc mogexsenebaT, gaizarda. marto 3 nawils
aviRe im xarjebisas, romelsac tfilisi eweoda: miliciis, ganaTlebis
da saeqimo-sasanitaro xarjebi udris 1919 wels 50 mil. man. me viReb
marto 3 dargs. aqedan warmoidgenT, ra didi xarjebi awevs qalaqs.
amave dros qalaqis valebi SedarebiT sxva qalaqebTan, rogorc gva­
qvs cnobebi ruseTis da evropis qalaqebidan, Zvelad Zalian cota iyo.
dResdReobiT tfiliss aqvs marto 26 mil. maneTi vali. misi uZravi
qoneba ki dRevandeli SefasebiT Rirs ramdenime miliardi maneTi.
amgvarad, Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi dRevandel fulis kurs, 30
mil. maneTi, romelsac qalaqi moiTxovs damf. krebisagan grZelvadian
sesxad, Cven SegviZlia mivceT TamamaT.
me ar SevCerdebi im mniSvnelobaze, romelic aqvs tfiliss. rode­
sac midixarT provinciaSi, maSin afasebT tfilisis mniSvnelobas. es
aris deda-qalaqi, romelsac dRes yvela qalaqebi da provinciebi Se­
hyurebs.
amitom ar SegviZlia dauSvaT, rom tfilisi aseTi katastrofis
winaSe idges. es katastrofa ki aucileblad dadgeba, Tu aseTi mdgo­
mareoba gagrZelda. amitom TviTmmarTvelobis komisia winadadebas
aZlevs damf. krebas, rom es 30 mil. maneTi sesxad mieces qalaq tfili­

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sis TviTmmarTvelobas. rac Seexeba finansiur dasabuTebas, amas mogax­
senebs safinanso-sabiujeto komisiis momxsenebeli.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis baton cabaZes.
cabaZe (s.-d.) Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom qalaqis TviTmmarTvelobe­
bi Tavis xarjebs Tavisi SemosavliT verasodes ver faravden. defi­
citi yovelTvis iyo. es iyo rogorc dasavleT evropis qalaqebSi,
agreTve ruseTis qalaqebSiac. rasakvirvelia, es deficiti qalaqis
TviTmmarTvelobis xarjebSi SedarebiT naklebi iyo maSin, roca cx­
ovreba normalur kalapotSi imyofeboda, magram mas Semdeg, rac saer­
TaSoriso omi daiwyo, am deficitma TandaTan imata da bolos uaRres
wertilamde miaRwia. Tqven kargad iciT, rom am deficitis zrdas Ta­
visi araCveulebrivi mizezebi hqonda. es araCveulebrivi mizezebi ga­
mowveuli iyo evropaSi da ruseTSi umTavresad saerTaSoriso omiT.
ruseTSi saerTaSoriso oms revoliuciac zed daerTo. magaliTad,
me mogaxsenebT tfilisis qalaqis TviTmmarTvelobis deficits. ai, am
cifrebidan dainaxavT, Tu rogori geometriuli proporciiT izr­
deba es deficiti. magaliTad 5 wl. ganmavlobaSi Semosavali hqonia
tfiliss 10856970 maneTi, gasavali ki 11242392 maneTi. aq gansxvaveba,
rogorc xedavT, mcirea, sul es gansxvaveba 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi Sead­
gens 385922 maneTs. es 300 aTasi maneTi 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi Tavis-Tav­
ad cxadia, mcirea. magram Semdeg, Tu SevadarebT Cven am wlebs, ai omis
wlebs, Semdeg revoliuciis xanas, aq vnaxavT, rom marTla es defici­
tis zrda gansacvifrebel cifrs aRwevs.
saerTod omma qalaqis TviTmmarTvelobis biujetSi usaTuod
Seitana axali xarjebi. am axalma xarjebma omis xanaSi gaadides defi­
citi. omis moTavebis Semdeg revoliucionurma xanam saSinlad dasca
fulis kursi. Tu omis xanaSi deficitis zrda SedarebiT mcire iyo,
vinem revoliuciis xanaSi, es umTavresad sxvaTa Soris aixsneba im
mizeziT, rom fulis kursi saSineli siswrafiT ecema. magaliTad 1918
wels qalaqis TviTmmarTvelobis deficits Seadgenda 10 milioni 856
aTasi maneTi, 1919 wels ki 55 milioni 558 aTasi maneTi. amgvarad erTi
wlis ganmavlobaSi deficiti gaizarda 10 mil. 55 milionamdis. Tu Cven
saxeSi miviReT mimdinare wlis xarj-aRricxva, aq mosalodnelia 200
milioni deficiti. navaraudevia gasavali 300 milioni man., Semosava­
li 100 mil. man. amgvarad mosalodnelia 200 milioni man. deficiti.
Cven vfiqrobT, rom es asec unda momxdariyo da sxvagvarad SeuZlebel­
ic iyo. qalaqis TviTmmarTvelobas aqvs Tavisi wyalsadeni, tramvai, sa­
saklao, eleqtronis sadguri, oTxi aTasi desetina miwa da saxlebi. es
qoneba 1913 welSi 24 milionad aris Sefasebuli. magram Tu dRevandel
kursiT viangariSebT, miviRebT daaxlovebiT 3 miliard maneTs. qalaq­
is valebi dResdReobiT aris mxolod 26 milioni Cveni bonebiT. aqedan
Tqven xedavT, rom Cveni qalaqi, SedarebiT im valebTan, romelic mas
aqvs, mdidaria. mas aqvs 3 miliardi man. qoneba da 26 milioni vali. cx­
ovreba Zvirdeba, fulis kursi ecema. yovlad SeuZlebeli da mouxerx­

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ebeli iyo qalaqis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis am cxovrebis gaZvirebas da
fulis kursis dacemas gayoloda kvaldakval da Semosavlis wyaroebi
gaedidebia. sxva da sxva politikuri da ekonomiuri mizeziT yovlad
SeuZlebeli iyo TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis gaedidebia Semosavali imave
proporciiT, magaliTad wylis, tramvais, saxlis qira da sx. Rirebule­
ba, ra proporciiTac ujdeboda mas. amas sCadian spekuliantebi da ami­
tomac ar aqvT deficiti, magram municipaluri dawesebuleba amas ver
Caidens da erTi udidesi mizezi deficitisa esec aris. izrdeba Rire­
buleba masalis, jamagiri da sx. aqedan miviReT Cven deficitebic. iyo
56 mil. man., wels mosalodnelia 200 milioni. aseTi didi cvlileba
sxvaTa Soris aixsneba fulis kursis dacemiTac.
Tu aviRebT wina wlebis Cveni bonebis kurs da SevadarebT ster­
lingis fass, Cven davinaxavT, rom bonebis fasi saSinlad daeca. gir­
vanqa sterlingi Rirda SarSan 100 maneTi, dRes ki Rirs 1000 man.
aqedan Tqven xedavT Tu ramdenaT daeca Cveni bonis kursi da Tu am da­
cemis Tanaxmad SeadarebT SarSandel deficits qalaqisas 55 milions
da wlevandels mosalodnel deficits, Tqven darwmundebiT rom es
deficitebi daaxlovebiT erTnairia.
amgvarad, ganmartebiT baraTSi aris dawvrilebiT cnoba, Tu qa­
laqis TviTmmarTvelobam rogori zomebi miiRo da Seamcira es xar­
jebi. man gaaumjobesa Tavisi meurneoba, gaaumjobesa rogorc tram­
vais meurneoba, agreTve sasaklao. xarjebi Semcirebulia, deficiti
mainc aris. amitom gamoTxovili aris 30 mil. maneTi sesxis saxiT.
qalaqi rom gadaixdis am sesxs, amis garantia aris is, rom mas aqvs
3 miliardi maneTis Rirebuli qoneba. es ki srul materialur garan­
tias Seadgens sesxis asaRebad. esec rom ar iyves, meore mxriT saxe­
Si unda miviRoT dRevandeli qalaqis TviTmmarTveloba. igi ar aris
is, rac wineT iyo TviTmmarTvelobis dros. Tqven rogorc mogaxsenaT
wina oratorma, biujetis ufleba ar Secvlila, is iseTia rogoric
iyo wineT, revoliucionur gadatrialebamde. miuxedavad imisa, rom
biujetis ufleba ucvleli darCa, TviT TviTmmarTvelobis cxovreba
Zlier Seicvala. mas dakisrebuli aqvs auarebeli saxelmwifoebrivi
xasiaTis funqcia. sxvaTa Soris esec aris mizezi deficitisa. mTav­
robam gadasca TviTmmarTvelobas bevri saxelmwifoebrivi saqmeebi da
fuli ki ar misca. erTi sityviT am mokle da mcire analizidan Tqven
dainaxavT, rom es 30 milioni maneTis xazinidan sesxad aReba ar aris
saxifaTo, aris sruli materialuri garantia, rom qalaqi mas gadaix­
dis. meore mxriT saxelmwifo movalea, rom aRmouCinos TviTmmarTve­
lobebs daxmareba, imitom rom es TviTmmarTvelobebi arian erTsa da
imave dros mmarTveli organoebi. safinanso-sabiujeto komisia Sua­
mdgomlobs damf. krebis winaSe daadasturoT xsenebuli dekreti.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis xom aravin inebebT sit­
yvas? sityva aravis surs. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze, gTxovT
waikiTxoT muxlobriv.

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 m. rusia. (kiTxulobs muxlobriv. Cveulebrivi wesiT miRebul iqna
dekretis yvela muxlebi ucvlelad).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sityva ekuTvnis baton kopaleiSvils.

3. dekreti – axalcixis mazris erobisaTvis

2.000.000 man. sesxad micemisa.

kopaleiSvili. (momxsenebeli). Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris mier Se­

motanili gaxlavT dekreti, romliTac igi Suamdgomlobs damfuZneb­
el krebis winaSe, rom gaRebul iqnes axalcixis samazro erobis gankar­
gulebisaTvis 2 milioni maneTi sesxis saxiT. es saWiroeba gamowveuli
gaxlavT gansakuTrebul pirobebiT, romelSiac axalcixis mazra
imyofeba. Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom axalcixis mazra mdebareobs Cveni
mtrebis sazRvarze. saWiro aris damf. krebam da mTavrobam miaqcios
yuradReba am mazras. osmaleTis urdoebis Semosevis dros es mazra
yvelaze ufro dazaralda, adgilobrivi mcxovreblebi did gaWirve­
bas ganicdian. amasTanave gasul anarqiis dros miwebis didi nawili
daumuSavebeli darCa da amitom naklebi Wirnaxuli darCa, ris gamoc
mcxovrebi daimSa. samazro eroba mcire xania rac muSaobs, magram us­
axsrobis gamo im saxelmwifoebriv da sazogadoebriv saqmes, romelic
mas dakisrebuli aqvs, igi ver uZRveba saTanadoT, mas aklia saxsari.
da swored es gansakuTrebuli pirobebi iwvevs saWiroebas gaRebul
iqnes 2 mil. man. axalcixis erobis gankargulebisaTvis. es sakiTxi das­
muli iyo TviTmmarTvelobis komisiaSi da iq erTxmad iqna miRebuli.
komisia Suamdgomlobs damf. krebis winaSe daadasturos es dekreti.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b-on salayaias.
salayaia. (momxsenebeli). safinanso-sabiujeto komisia Tanaxmaa
mieces es sesxi axalcixis samazro erobas.
(am dros darbazSi Semodis poloneTis warmomadgenloba, romel­
sac Tavmjdomare mimarTavs Sesaferisi sityviT).
Tavmjdomare. moqalaqeno, damf. krebis wevrno! Cven Soris aris
dRes poloneTis warmomadgeneli. Tqven kargaT uwyiT istoria po­
loneTisa. poloneTma ganicada igive xvedri, rac saqarTvelom. misi
istoria ganmeorebaa Cveni istoriisa. TiTqmis erT dros davkargeT
Tavisufleba da erT drosve davibruneT es Tavisufleba. rogorc po­
loneTis eri, teritoria danawilebul iyo sam imperialistur saxel­
mwifoTa Soris, ise Cveni eric, Cveni teritoriac ukuRmarTi bedis
wyalobiT danawilebuli iyo bolos da bolos osmaleTsa da ruseTis
Soris. dRes erTmac da meoremac Tavisufleba miiRes, magram polo­
neTi Cvenze ufro bednieri aris miT, rom mTlianaT daibruna Tavisi
teritoria, Cven ki Cveni teritoriis udao nawili sadaoT gvaqvs da
jer-jerobiT ar dagvibrunebia. magram imedi gvaqvs, rom Cven imas da­
vibrunebT. gaWirvebis droSiac, rodesac Cven da poloneTi erT da

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imave tafaSi viwvodiT, bunebrivi mokavSireni viyaviT. TviTmpyrobe­
lobis drosac Cvensa da poloneTs Soris damyarebuli iyo megobro­
ba da Cven darwmunebuli varT, rom Tavisuflebis dros es megobroba
ufro damtkicdeba. Tqveni saxeliT salams uZRvni poloneTis saxelm­
wifos da seims (taSi).
(deputatebi ovaciebs umarTaven poloneTis warmomadgenels).
gTxovT waikiTxoT dekretis pirveli muxli.
kopaleiSvili kiTxulobs. (dekreti miRebul iqna damfuZ. krebis
mier Cveulebrivi wesiT ucvlelad da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias).
Semdeg damf. kreba ucvlelad iRebs meore muxlobriv ganxilvis
Semdeg kanon-proeqtebs:
1) respublikis sapyrobileTa Statis da xarjT-aRricxvis dam­
tkicebis Sesaxeb.
2) quTaisis meore xarisxis sabaJos daarsebis Sesaxeb.
3) gzaTa departamentis centralur organos Statis damtkicebi­
sa da jamagiris momatebis Sesaxeb.
4) Sinagan-saqmeTa saministros veterinalur-sasanitaro ganyo­
filebis saveterinaro personalis da Sratis dammzadebel sadguris
Statis da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

4. dekreti mTavrobis saxlis damwvar nawilis

SesakeTeblad, cecxlis sawinaaRmdego mowyobisaTvis
da sxva saaRmSeneblo saWiroebisaTvis
1.686.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.

Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. imnaiSvils.

imnaiSvili (s.-d.) mTavrobis saxli, romelSiac axla TiTqmis yvela
saministroebi aris moTavsebuli, mogexsenebaT, gadakeTda zafxulSi.
saamiso xarjebi maSin damtkicebuli iyo damfuZnebeli krebis mier.
mogexsenebaT isic, rom Semodgomis damlevs iq gaCnda cecxli da erTi
nawili am saxlisa daiwva. amis gamo mTavrobam daniSna specialuri
komisia samxedro saministrosTan arsebul samxedro seqciis momuSave
specialistTagan, romlebmac aRiares, rom am saxlis gadakeTebis
dros muSaoba damTavrebuli ar yofilao. cecxlis Semdeg es nakli,
rasakvirvelia, kidev gaizarda, defeqtebi gamravlda da samxedro
seqciasTan arsebul texnikur komisias mTavrobam miando Seedgina
dawvrilebiTi xarjT-aRricxva imisa, rom gadakeTebul-gaujobesebu­
li iqnas es saxli.
ai, am komisias SeumuSavebia dawvrilebiTi gegma am muSaobisa, rom­
lis Tanaxmad gamoTxovili aris mTavrobis saqmis mmarTvelobisagan
saTanado xarji. es xarji nawildeba Semdeg nairad: pirveli nawili
unda moxmardes damwvar nawilis aRdgenas. meore nawili gadadebu­
lia cecxlTan sabrZolo mowyobilobis SesaZenad. mesame – aucilebe­

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li saWiroebani muSaobis sawarmoeblad. magaliTad saxelosnoebis
mowyoba, auzi, Zveli eklesiis mowyoba da misi gamoyeneba am uwyebis
saWiroebisaTvis da sxv. Semdeg texnikur saWiroebaTaTvisac saWiroa
gansazRvruli Tanxa. arsebiTad es Tanxa safinanso komisiisagan miRe­
bulia da arc erTi paragrafi uaryofili ar aris. rasakvirvelia,
Tu cecxli gaCnda da Senoba dazianda amas aRdgena sWirdeba, es Tav­
is-Tavad cxadia. aucilebel saWiroebaTa dakmayofilebac kanonieri
da mizanSewonilia. magram, safinanso komisiam miaqcia yuradReba erT
garemoebas: roca zafxulSi moxda am saxlis SekeTeba, safinanso komi­
siis azriT, maSinve unda momxdariyo es ZiriTadi, radikaluri gada­
keTeba da im cnobebidgan ki, romelic safinanso komisias xelT aqvs,
sCans, rom nawili am muSaobisa ar yofila mtkiceT Sesrulebuli, je­
rovanad gakeTebuli im TaviTve, rom SesaZlo yofiliyo Tavidan ac­
dena magaliTad Tundac am cecxlis gaCenisa. amas miaqcia yuradReba
safinanso komisiam da Sesaferi mimarTva gaugzavna mTavrobis Tavmj­
domares da sTxovda pasuxi moeTxova maTTvis, vinc pasuxsageb muSao­
bas awarmoebda maSin. mTavrobis warmomadgenelma komisias ganucxa­
da, rom mTavrobam ukve miiRo Sesaferi zomebi, es pasuxismgebi pirni
ukve pasuxisgebaSi arian micemulnio. safinanso komisia, Tavis-Tavad
cxadia, aseTi ganmartebiT dakmayofilda da xazi gausva im garemoe­
bas, rom Semdeg mainc adgili aRar hqondes aseT movlenebs.
unda mogaxsenoT, rom es dekreti arsebiTad da am Tanxis gaReba
dadasturebulia safinanso komisiis mier. rac Seexeba raodenobas,
saxelmwifo kontroli winaaRmdegia am Tanxis am formiT gaRebisa,
e. i. mis raodenobisa. igi moiTxovs Tanxis Semcirebas da am mizniT wam­
oyenebulia sxva da sxva SeniSvnebi, zogi formaluri, zogi arsebiTi
xasiaTisa. formaluri xasiaTis aris magaliTad daskvna Rumelebis
SekeTebis Sesaxeb. exla RumelSi cecxli anTia da es saqme gazafxulis
saqmeao, zafxuli ki momaval sabiujeto wels ekuTvnis da momaval
xarjT-aRricxvaSi SeitaneTo. am Sexedulebas safinanso komisia ar
iziarebs. amas garda am Tanxis Sesamcireblad saxelmwifo kontrols
aqvs arsebiTi mosazrebani, magram safinanso komisia ar iziarebs maT
da ase mTlianad amtkicebs am Tanxis gaRebas.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b-n veSapels.
veSapeli (e.-p.) me batonebo, am tribunaze gamovedi imitom, rom
mivaqcio Tqveni yuradReba erT garemoebas; warmodgenil dekretSi
naTqvamia, rom krediti unda damtkicdes Tanaxmad darTul xarjT-aR­
ricxvisa, xolo TviT xarjT-aRricxva rusul enaze aris Sedgenili,
ise, rogorc yvela damatebiTi cnobebi, romelic sWirdeba dekrets.
me unda mivaqcio damfuZnebel krebis yuradReba im garemoebas, rom
saerTod saqmis warmoeba Cven departamentebSi, saministroebSi da
saerTod mTavrobis organoebSi, imis magier, rom qarTuli enaze swar­
moebdes, ufro Sordeba mas. amis damtkiceba advilia, mxolod dRes
ar aris dro amis Sesaxeb vrceli cnobebi mogawodoT; magram radgan

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es dekreti aris warmodgenili, ara erTi uwyebis mier, aramed mTe­
li mTavrobis mier. me mivaqcev Tqvens yuradRebas am garemoebas, ra
unda movsTxovoT, batonebo, romelime patara uwyebas, an Tanamdebo­
bis pirs, rodesac TviT mTavrobis saqmeTa mmarTveloba Tavis saqmes
atarebs damf. krebaSi da TviT damf. krebac atarebs mas rusuli mox­
senebiTa da rusuli xarjT-aRricxviT. ra magaliTia es sxva uwyebi­
saTvis, rodesac es mmarTveloba, ase epyroba saxelmwifo enis ufle­
bebs. me piradad, es ara normalur movlenad mimaCnia. SeiZleba sTqvaT
Tqven, rom zogierTi nawili am moxsenebisa da cnobebisa gadaTar­
gmnilia. me ar vici gadaTargmnilia winad, Tu mTavrobam gadaaTargmn­
ina, magram yovel SemTxvevaSi yvelafris gadaTargmna damfuZnebel
krebas ar SeuZlia. aq aris 17 furceli rusul enaze, Tumca xels aw­
ers qar­Tul gvaris moxeleni, inJinrebi da sxva. me sxva dros mogaxsen­
ebT ufro dawvrilebiT Tu ra mdgomareobaSia Cveni saxelmwifo ena,
uaxlovdebiT Cven saxelmwifo enis ganxorcielebas Tu vSordebiT mas.
mxolod vimeoreb, – rodesac mTavrobis saqmeTa sammarTvelo ver ax­
erxebs ubralo dekretis Semotanas ise, rom 17 furceli rusul enaze
dawerili ar daurTos mas, es faqti aris ara normaluri mdgomareoba
da me minda amas miaqcios yuradReba damfuZnebelma krebam da mTavro­
bis saqmeTa mmarTvelobam (Sengelaia adgilidan: iq rusulad lapara­
koben!) albaT eserebis partiaSi Cawerilan.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? sityva aravis surs. ukanaskneli
sityva momxsenebels ekuTvnis.
imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) is marTalia, rom masala am gegmis Sesaxeb da
xarjT-­aRricxva rusul enaze iyo warmodgenili, magram safinanso
komisiam is miiRo, rogorc masala, rac Seexeba xarjT-aRricxvas, saf­
inanso komisias, is qarTul enaze aris warmodgenili, sxvafer ar Sei­
Zleboda Semotaniliyo damf. krebaSi, ise, rom rac mogaxsenaT b-nma
veSapelma, sinamdviles ar Seefereba. (veSapeli: me rusulad maqvs?)
me qarTulad. (veSapeli: Tqvenma deputatebma ar ician rusuli?). rac
Seexeba sakiT­xis ase dasmas, rogorc dasva veSapelma da gansakuTre­
biT im replikas, unda mogaxsenoT, rom is xalxi, romelic am gegmebs da
xarjT-aRric­xvas sruliad adgenen, ufro mis wres ekuTvnis, vinem im
wres, romlis mimarT man es replika ixmara. am mxriv sayveduri eTqmis
veSapels, romelic laparakobs rusulad maSinac, rodesac qarTvels
elaparakeba.
Tavmjdomare. sityva xom aravis surs? gadavdivarT muxlobriv
ganxilvaze. (dekreti Cveulebriv wesiT miRebul iqna da saredaqcio
komisias gadaeca). sityva ekuTvnis cabaZes.

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 5. dekreti – proporcionalur saaqcizo
gadasaxadis dawesebis Sesaxeb.

v. cabaZe (s.-d.) es dekreti warmodgenilia finansTa saministro­

sagan da Seexeba arsebul saaqcizo gadasaxadebis sistemis Secvlas.
Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom yvelgan da yovelTvis saxelmwifo biujetSi
– Semosavlis biujetSi udidesi adgili eWira da dResac uWiravs
gadasaxads. dRes, roca biujeti aramc Tu marto CvenSi, aramed ev­
ropaSiac Seryeuli aris, am biujetis gajansaRebas gadasaxadis ga­
didebiT fiqroben. Tavis Tavad cxadia, rom es dekreti aseT farTo
mizans ar isaxavs, magram mas Semoaqvs TvalsaCino cvlileba Cveni
xarjebis... (ar ismis). arsebuli saaqcizo gadasaxadi dawesebuli
iyo erTxel da miuxedavad imisa, rom Rirebuleba im sagnebisa, ro­
melTac es gadasaxadi Seexeboda, dRiTidRe izrdeboda, gadasaxadi
mainc ucvleli rCeboda. normalur pirobebSi, normalur ekonomi­
ur mdgomareobaSi es sistema gadasaxadebisa misaRebi iyo, rogorc
maSin fasebi – Rirebuleba saqonlis Zalian naklebad da SeumCnevlad
icvleboda. magram dRes, rodesac fasebis cvalebadoba saSineli
siswrafiT swarmoebs, bazarze, dRes es Zveli sistemis gadasaxadebi
srulebiT ar Seefereba arsebul mdgomareobas. amisaTvis finansTa
ministrs Semoaqvs dekreti da am dekretiT wesdeba proporciuli
saaqcizo gadasaxadi. proporciuli saaqcizo gadasaxadi mdgomare­
obs imaSi, rom ramdenad icvleba sabazro fasebi, imave proporciiT
izrdeba es gadasaxadebi. Cven SegviZlia dRes davawesoT axali ga­
dasaxadi da SevufardoT arsebul fasebs ara proporciulad, ise,
rogorc iyo aqamde, magram SeiZleba ramdenime Tvis Semdeg kidev Sei­
Zleba dagvWirdes axali dekretis Semotana da gadasaxadebis xel-ax­
lad gadasworeba.
rom es ar moxdes, amitom am dekretiT aris SemoRebuli propor­
ciuli sistema gadasaxadebisa da es sistema sruliad Seesabameba da
SeeTanxmeba arsebul ara-normalur ekonomiur mdgomareobas.
Cven viciT, rom dRes saqonlis fasebi diliT erTia, SuadRisas
meore da saRamoTi – mesame. am pirobebSi yovlad SeuZlebelia, rom
kanonmdebeli kval-kval gahyves am process da ar CamorCes, xazinam
ar izaralos. SeiZleba zogierTs egonos, rom Cven aq gadasaxadebs
vadidebT; es rasakvirvelia, marTali ar iqneba, imitom rom aq faq­
tiuri gadideba gadasaxadebis ar xdeba. me mogiyvanT cifrebs da
Tqven dainaxavT, rom es gadasaxadebi SedarebiT im gadasaxadebTan,
romelnic iyo omamde, gacilebiT naklebia. magaliTad ucxoeTidan
Semotanil Caize – omamde iyo 35%, es dekreti awesebs 10%-s. Saqa­
rze omamde iyo 25 proc; dekreti awesebs 10 proc. asanTze omamde
iyo 50 proc; dekreti awesebs 15 proc. yurZnis Rvinoze, omamde iyo
25 proc; es dekreti awesebs 20 proc. amnairad, rogorc xedavT, am

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dekretiT saqonlis dabegvris procentebi gacilebiT Semcirebulia
imaze, romelic iyo saerTaSoriso omis dawyebamde.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis xom aravin inebebs sity­
vas? aravin. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze. (muxlobriv ganx­
ilvis Semdeg dekreti Cveulebrivi wesiT iqna miRebuli da sare­
daqcio komisias gadaeca). Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva gomarTels
ekuTvnis.

6. dekreti – gzaTa uwyebis 1919 – 1920 w. xarjT-

aRricxvis damatebiT 2.118.190 man. gadadebisa.

gomarTeli (s.-d.) es dekreti gaxlavT Semotanili gzaTa uwyebisa­

gan da exeba sxva da sxva xarjs, romelic finansTa saministros da kon­
trolis mier miRebuli da damtkicebulia. erTi dargi xarjebisa exe­
ba muSa-Segirdebis jamagirebis momatebas. respublikis rkinis gzaze
arian muSa-Segirdebi, romlebic sam kategoriad arian dayofilni.
jamagirebi eZlevaT metad mcire da Semotanilia proeqti, rom maT
jamagirebi moematoT. es proeqti rom miiRos damf. krebam, mainc imaT
jamagirebi bevrad naklebi eqnebaT, vidre im Segirdebs, romlebic
kerZo saxelosnoebSi muSaoben.
meore dargi gaxlavT saxelmwifo rkinis gzebis mosamsaxureTa ja­
magirebis momateba. es ukve miRebuli gaxlavT maisSi satarifo pala­
tis mier, magram es momateba jer ar miuRiaT da sruliad kanonieria
es momateba.
mesame dargi xarjebisa daniSnulia gzatkecilebis sammarTvelo­
saTvis SeSis SesaZenad. amisaTvis winad iyo gadadebuli Tanxa, magram
SeSis fasi imdenad gaizarda, rom saWiroa axali xarjis gaReba.
finansTa ministri da saxelmwifo kontroli gamoTxovil Tanxas
amtkicebs. Semdeg gzatkecilebis mosamsaxureTa dasakmayofileblad
gaRebuli iyo gansazRvruli Tanxa. es momateba maT dResac ar miuRi­
aT. saxelmwifo kontroli amasac adasturebs, radganac es kanonieria.
Semdeg gaxlavT samxedro gzaze safari maiorSa, romelsac saxuravi
ar aqvs da Tu ar SevakeTeT, Camoingreva da Tu Camoingra, mimosvla
Sewydeba. finansTa saministro da kontroli am xarjsac adasturebs
da sul yvela erTad rom SeaerToT gamova 2.118.190 man.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis sityva baton veSapels
ekuTvnis.
veSapeli. (nac.-part.) batonebo! am dekretis didi nawili Seexeba
gzatkecilebis uwyebas. kerZoT aq aris moxsenebuli saWiroeba saqa­
rTvelos samxedro gzatkecilebis SekeTebisa. me minda visargeblo am
SemTxveviT da mivaqcio Tqveni yuradReba imas, rom saerTod saqarT­
velos gzatkecilebis arseboba ar aris saTanadoT uzrunvelyofili,
ar aris ise SekeTebuli, rom SeiZlebodes normaluri misvla-mosv­

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lis mowyoba maTi saSvalebiT. magram vinaidan yvela gzatkecilebis
SekeTeba ar SeiZleba, da uwyebis departamentma miaqcia gansakuTre­
buli yuradReba samxedro gzatkecils, me minda miuTiTo mas, rom am
gzatkecilze naklebi mniSvneloba ar aqvs arc ekonomiuri da arc
strategiuli TvalsazrisiT afxazeTis gzatkecils, romelic iwyeba
gagridan da midis gudauTiT, soxumSi, oCamCireSi da Semdeg zugdid­
Si. es gzatkecili, romelic sWris soxumis olqs, saSinel mdgomareo­
baSi imyofeba, yovel SemTxvevaSi ukeTes mdgomareobaSi ar aris vinem
samxedro gza, romlis SesakeTeblad aris gamoTxovili es krediti.
igi aseT mdgomareobaSia, rom aucileblad moiTxovs SekeTdes, To­
rem Cveulebriv mniSvnelobas rom Tavi gavaneboT, afxazeTis gansa­
kuTrebuli mdgomareoba moiTxovs mis SekeTebas. saqarTvelosTvis am
gzatkecils iseTi samxedro mniSvneloba aqvs, rom SeiZleba am sakiTx­
is mougvareblobam ramodenime milionis xarjebi gagvawevinos sxva
dros, an SeiZleba xarjebis gaweva ar gvakmaros da saSineli zarali
mogvayenos. dRes mTeli afxazeTi, SeiZleba iTqvas, mowyvetili aris
saqarTveloze. vinc midis afxazeTSi, is unda mivides foTSi, Cajdes
gemSi da ucados rodis gacurdeba igi soxumisaken. magram ra dros Cava
afxazeTSi, an romel qalaqSi amoyofs Tavs, es RmerTma uwyis. TiTqos
igi zis romelime kunZulze da elis SemTxvevas, rodis gamoCndeba go­
rizonti. xSirad samwuxarod gemic ar aris. rac aris isic samxedro
uwyebas ar yofnis. verc satranzito sazogadoebas aqvs mowyobili
mimosvlis saqme. amitom afxazeTic kunZuls warmoadgens da iq Casvli­
saTvis mgzavrs xSirad mTeli erTi kvira ekargeba. Tavis Tavad cxadia
Tu ra mniSvneloba eZleva xmeleTis gzas. me gamoviare xmeleTiT da
unda mogaxsenoT, rom iseT mdgomareobaSi aris rom cxeniT da etliT
gavla SeiZleba didi gaWivrebiT, avtomobilze xom zedmetia lapara­
ki. Tu aseTi moZraoba ar aris saWiro respublikis mcxovrebTaTvis,
is aucilebelia jarisaTvis. Cveni samxedro mdgomareoba moiTxovs am
gzatkecilis SekeTebas. araviTari texnikuri momzadeba ar etyoba.
aris iseTi nawili, sadac SeuZlebelia fexiT gavlac, Tu ar gadavida
adamiani mindorSi da ganiT ar iara.
me mgonia, iseTi garemoeba aris, rom mTavrobas, damf. krebas da
saTanado uwyebas unda ainteresebdes aseTi cnobebi. amas imas dau­
mateb, rom ambobden afxazeTSi da frontze, TiTqos am gzis SekeTebis
Sesaxeb erTgvari biurokratiuli miwer-mowera swarmoebda. maSinac
adgili qonda aseT biurokratiul Cveulebebs, romelic gamoixateba
imaSiac, rom ereoden erTmaneTis kompetenciaSi sxva da sxva uwyebebi.
amis Sesaxeb ramdenime incidentic ki yofila, saxeldobr gzaTa uwye­
bas aukrZalavs im zomebis miReba, romelnic saWiroT daunaxavs fron­
tis gamgeobas gzatkecilis SesakeTeblad.
rodesac Cven gvaqvs dekreti, romlis didi nawili exeba gzatke­
cilebis uwyebas, me mgonia amis moxseneba ar iyo zedmeti.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis baton b. WiWinaZes.

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 WiWinaZe (gzaTa uwyebis direqtori). unda movaxseno damf. krebas,
rom mdgomareoba gzatkecilebze marTlac Zneli aris, magram im ime­
dis gamoTqma, rom gaxsnili iqneba krediti da amiT Seswordeba mTeli
es gzatkecilebi, yovlad SeuZlebelia. rom moviyvanoT gzatkecilebi
ara im mdgomareobaSi rogorSiac iyo samxedro gzatkecili omamde,
aramed iseT mdgomareobaSi, rom SesaZlebeli iyos normaluri misv­
la-mosvlis daweseba auarebeli fuli dasWirdeba, rasac Cveni Raribi
xazina dResdReobiT ver gaiRebs. amitom am gzas ver davadgebiT dRe­
vandel mdgomareobaSi. Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom gaxsnili iyo mTeli
wliT 10 milioni maneTi. exla gzaTa uwyeba, rogorc sxva uwyebebi,
damatebiTi kreditiT apirebs Semosvlas. mas ganzraxuli aqvs saWiro
kreditis gamoTxova ivnisamde, rom davabolovoT is muSaoba, romel­
ic dawyebuli aris ukve. rodesac SemovediT 16 milionis xarjT-aR­
ricxviT, rasakvirvelia, Cven ar gvegona, rom am 16 milion maneTiT
avaSenebdiT da gavakeTebdiT im gzatkecilebs, romelnic daingren
am eqvsi wlis ganmavlobaSi da ar iyo SekeTebuli. Cven gadawyveti­
li gvqonda mxolod, rom is adgilebi, sadac gzatkecilebi sruliad
daingra da SeuZlebeli iyo gavla, an xidebi Caimtvra, ai eseni unda
SegvekeTebina, raTa SesaZlebeli yofiliyo am gzatkeciliT, Tum­
ca didi siZneliT, magram mainc sargebloba. Cven iZulebuli viyaviT
aseTi politika gvewarmoebina, rogorc samxedro gzaze, ise soxumis
raionSi. soxumis raionSi yvelaze ufro Zneli mdgomareoba iyo. saer­
Tod samxedro da axalsenakis gzatkecilebi yovelTvis ukeTes mdgo­
mareobaSi iyvnen sxvebTan SedarebiT. soxumis gzatkecili ki yovelT­
vis yvela gzatkecilebze uares mdgomareobaSi iyo. iq iseTi niadagi
aris, rom is ufro male fuWdeba. am 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi xom sruli­
ad daingra. garda amisa Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom iyo iseTi periodi,
rodesac iq SeuZlebeli iyo muSaoba. iseTi pirobebi iyo im raionSi,
rom verc erTi inJineri, verc erTi texniki da muSa ver imuSavebda. xe­
lsayreli pirobebi muSaobisaTvis iq ufro gvian damyarda, vidre sxva
raionebSi, sadac ukve vawarmoebdiT Sesafer muSaobas. yovel SemTx­
vevaSi, rodesac daviwyeT iq muSaoba, Cven vasrulebT im gegmas, rom­
liTac vxelmRvanelobdiT sxva raionebSiac, magaliTad vasworebdiT
xidebs, vakeTebdiT ise dangreul adgilebs. ase rom bolos SesaZlebe­
li Seiqna am gziT mimosvlis mowyoba. rasakvirvelia, es Sesworeba is­
eTi xasiaTis iyo, rom igi kidev moiTxovda ufro safuZvlian Seswore­
bas. kardinalurad gadaWra am sakiTxisa SeiZleba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu
mivmarTavT im zomebs, romelic SemuSavebulia da waredgineba damf.
krebas. es zoma Seicavs winaswar muSaobas, SeTanxmebas adgilobriv
TviTmmarTvelobebTan, ise igi umTavresad erobebTan. Cven visarge­
bleT erTobaTa warmomadgenlebis yrilobiT da SeTanxmebulad maT­
Tan iyo gamomuSavebuli is gegma, romelic gvinda ganvaxorcieloT
da romliTac gvinda vixelmZRvaneloT gzatkecilebis SekeTebis
saqmeSi. da Tu gamoviCenT energias darwmunebuli varT, rom savsebiT

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gavaumjobesebT gzatkecilebis saqmes. es aris naturaluri begaris
saSualebiT gzatkecilebis SekeTeba. es aris erTad-erTi saSualeba,
romelic gamoasworebs Cvens mdgomareobas da romelsac mimarTaven
xolme yvela qveynebSi gzatkecilebis gasakeTeblad. magram es kanoni
moiTxovs jerovan ganxilvas, moiTxovs winaswar SeTanxmebas im or­
ganizaciebTan, romelnic adgilobriv gaatareben mas cxovrebaSi.
amitom es kanoni waredgineba damf. krebas da Tu iqneba miRebuli,
maSin iqneba gzatkecilebis SekeTebac. manamdis ki sanam kreditis sa­
SualebiT vawarmoebT am saqmes, erTad-erTi gza aris gavakeToT xide­
bi, rom gadavideT mdinareebze, SevakeToT ormoebi, romelnic niaR­
variT aris amoTxrili da am rigad SesaZlebeli gavxadoT mimosvla.
ar SemiZlia ar Sevexo im mxares, romelsac Seexo aq batoni veSapeli,
TiTqos Cven uwyebis da samxedro uwyebis Soris iyo miwer-mowera da
raRac uTanxmoeba. SesaZlebelia, rom uncros agentebis Soris iyo
aseTi incidenti, rasakvirvelia, es aucilebeli iyo, SeuZlebeli iyo
ar momxdariyo. samxedro uwyebas sWirdeboda gza, mas ki es ar hqon­
da. Cven Soris marTlac iyo miwer-mowera, magram igi exeboda Semdeg
dargs: Cven SevadgineT xarjT-aRricxva, magram sanam es xarjT-aRricx­
va yvela instanciebs gaivlida, Cven vTxoveT samxedro uwyebas, rom
mas samxedro fondidan gansakuTrebuli Tanxa gadmoeca Cven gankar­
gulebaSi, vinaidan is moxmardeboda isev samxedro saWiroebas. magram
es ar moxerxda, vinaidan samxedro uwyebasac ar hqonda Tavisufali
Tanxa. amis Sesaxeb gvqonda mxolod miwer-mowera, ase rom axla gvaqvs
is Tanxa, romelic Cven gamoviTxoveT saTanado sakanonmdeblo aqtiT.
aseTia dRes mdgomareoba respublikis gzatkecilebisa.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis sityva sxvas aravis nebavs?
gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze.
(muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg damf. kreba Cveulebrivi wesiT iRebs
dekrets, romelic gadaeca saredaqcio komisias).

7. dekreti kerZo saswavlebelTa dasaxmareblad

500.000 man. gadadebisa.

n. imnaiSvili (s.-d.) es Tanxa, xuTasi aTasi maneTi, uwyebis mier ga­

moTxovilia kerZo maswavlebelTa erTdroul dasaxmareblad. saer­
Tod uwyeba kerZo iniciativas saxalxo ganaTlebaSi did yuradRebas
aqcevs, da amasTanave moiTxovs, rom es kerZo iniciativiT daarsebuli
saswavleblebi saTanadoT iyos mowyobili, rogorc amas Txoulobs
Tanamedrove pedagogika, da Tu es pedagogiuri mxareebi saTanadoT
daculi ar aris da am mxriv saswavleblebs defeqti emCneva, maSin aseT
saswavleblebs gansakuTrebul yuradRebas aqcevs da Tu saWiroeba
moiTxovs, xuravs maT. rodesac gasul wels revizias akeTebda uwyeba,
Tu xedavda, rom aseTi defeqtebi iyo da saswavleblebi ver akmayo­

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filebda pedagogiur moTxovnilebebs, aseTi saswavleblebs xuravda.
da Tu saswavlebeli mtkice pedagogiur niadagze aris damyarebuli,
maSin uwyeba mas xels uwyobs da exmareba. gamoTxovili Tanxa swored
am mniSvnelobisaTvis iqneba moxmarebuli. iseTi saswavleblebi, rom­
lebic cotaT Tu bevrad akmayofileben pedagogiur xasiaTis moTxov­
nilebebs cotaa tfilisSi da agreTve SeiZleba ramdenime iyos sxva
da sxva qalaqebSiac, amitom uwyeba Semodioda saxalxo ganaTlebis
komisiaSi SuamdgomlobiT, gadidvas aseTi saswavleblebis dasaxmare­
blad aRniSnuli Tanxa. saxalxo ganaTlebis komisia daeTanxma arseb­
iTad maT winadadebas da Suamdgomlobda safinanso komisiis winaSe,
rom es Tanxa kidev gadidebuliyo. saxalxo ganaTlebis komisia amas
asabuTebda imiT, rom es Tanxa arc ise didia, vinaidan aseT saswavle­
belTa ricxvi 6-7 aRematebao. sabiujeto-safinanso komisiam gaiTval­
iswina ra, dRevandeli Cveni mdgomareoba finansiuri mxriT, SesaZlod
scno daekmayofilebia es Suamdgomloba da miiRo mTavrobis mier
warmodgenili proeqti 500.000 maneTis gaRebis Sesaxeb. es gaxlavT am
dekretis Sinaarsi.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis xom aravin inebebs sityvas?
sityva aravis surs. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze.
(muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg damf. krebam Cveulebrivi wesiT
miiRo dekreti da saredaqcio komisias gadaeca. Semdeg qr. SaraSiZis
asuli kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigSi moTavsebul 1, 3, da 4 sakanonmdeb­
lo aqtebis saboloo teqstebs, rasac damfuZnebeli kreba amtkicebs.
dasasrul mdivani kiTxulobs Semdegi dRis wesrigs da naSuadRevis 2
s. da 55 w. Tavmjdomare sxdomas daxurulad acxadebs.

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 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

merve sxdoma

(8)

1920 weli. aprilis 6. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. saboloo teqstebi.
2. dekreti – afxazeTis komisariatisaTvis yovelTviurad 1 mil.
man. gadadebisa.
3. zogadi ganxilva kano-proeqtisa – aficerTa da jariskacTa
tanisamosis formis Secvlis Sesaxeb.
4. zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – foTis sazRvao saswavleb­
lis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis Sesaxeb.
5. zogadi ganxilva kan.-proeqtisa – samazro da sasoflo milici­
is da administraciis axali Statis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
6. dekreti – tfilisis usinaTloTa saswavleblis Statisa da xar­
jT-aRricxvis Sesaxeb.
7. dekreti – tfilisis observatoriisaTvis damatebiT 495.635
man. gadadebisa.
8. dekreti – samxedro saministros kulturul-ganmanaTlebel se­
qciis Statisa da xarjT-aR. damtkicebisa.
9. zogadi ganxilva kan.-pr. – saqarTvelos muzeumis Statisa da
xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
10. zogadi ganxilva kan.-proeqt. – cent. samecniero arqivis
daarsebis Sesaxeb.
11. muxlobrivi ganxilva kan.-pr. – mesxeT-javaxeTSi da artaanis
raionSi samomrigeblo institutis SemoRebis Sesaxeb.
12. muxlobrivi ganxilva kan.-pr. – mesxeT-javaxeTSi da artaanis
raionSi sagamomZieblo institutis SemoRebis Sesaxeb.

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 13. dekreti – saxazino rkinis gzis quTaisis sadguris gafarToe­
bisaTvis mamulis SesaZenad 1.570.000 man. gadadebisa.
14. saboloo teqsti.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris amxanagi

eqvT. TayaiSvili.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivani k. jafariZe.
sxdoma ixsneba SuadRis 12 s. da 45 wT.
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas gaxsnilad vacxadeb. mdivani mogaxsenebT
dRiur wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs).

dRis wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti kanon-proeqtisa – quTaisSi me-2 xarisxis saba­

Jos daarsebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
2. saboloo teqsti kanon-proeqtisa – gzaTa departamentis cen­
traluri organos Statis gadidebisa da jamagiris momatebis Sesax­
eb. momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
3. saboloo teqsti kanon-proeqtisa – Sinagan-saqmeTa saministros
veterinar-sasanitaro ganyofilebis, saveterinaro personalis da
Sratis dammzadebeli sadguris Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis dam­
tkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
4. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – mTavrobis saxlis damwvari naw­
ilis SesakeTeblad, cecxlis sawinaaRmdego mowyobilobis SesaZenad
da sxva saaRmSeneblo saWiroebisaTvis 1.686.000 man. gadadebis Sesa­
xeb. momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
5. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – proporciuli saaqcizo gadasaxa­
dis dawesebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
6. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – gzaTa uwyebis 1919-1920 wlis xar­
jT-aRricxvis damatebad 2.118.195 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebe­
lia iv. gomarTeli.
7. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – kerZo saswavleblebisaTvis das­ax­
mareblad 500.000 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
8. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – oficerTa da ja­
riskacTa tanisamosis formis Secvlis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia s. mdivani.
9. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – foTis sazRvao
saswavleblis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. mom­
xsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
10. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – samazro da sa­
soflo miliciisa da administraciis axali Statis damtkicebis Ses­
axeb. momxsenebelia d. oniaSvili.

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 11. dekreti – tfilisis usinaTloTa saswavleblis Statisa da
xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
12. dekreti – tfilisis fizikur observatoriisaTvis damatebiT
495.635 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
13. dekreti – samxedro saministros kulturul-ganmanaTlebe­
li seqciis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa. momxsenebelia
n. imnaiSvili.
14. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – saqarTvelos
muzeumis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsen­
ebelia n. imnaiSvili.
15. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – centraluri
samecniero arqivis daarsebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
16. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – nafic-msajulTa
sasamarTlos debulebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia m. rusia da gr. gior­
gaZe.
17. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – mesxeT-javaxe­
Tis da artaanis raionSi samomrigeblo sasamarTlos institutis Se­
moRebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia m. rusia da gr. giorgaZe.
18. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – mesxeT-javaxe­
Tis da artaanis raionSi sagamomZieblo institutis SemoRebis Sesax­
eb. momxsenebelia m. rusia.

damateba:

19. dekreti – saxazino rkinis gzis quTaisis sadguris gafarToe­

bisaTvis mamulis SesaZenad 1.570.000 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia
g. gagloevi da i. salayaia.
20. dekreti – afxazeTis komisariatisaTvis yovelTviurad
1.000.000 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia i. salayaia.
Tavmjdomare. winadadeba gaxlavT Semotanili me-16 sakiTxi da­
ubrundes komisias da me-20 daisvas 1-l sakiTxad. vin aris winaaRmde­
gi? aravin. miRebulia. sityva b-on salayaias ekuTvnis.

1. dekreti afxazeTis komisariatisaTvis yovel

Tviurad 1.000.000 maneTis gadadebisa.

i. salayaia. afxazeTis komisariati Sevida SuamdgomlobiT, raTa

yofiliyo ganxiluli da damtkicebuli xarjT-aRricxva afxazeTis
komisariatisa. am xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebamde Sinagan-saqmeTa
saministrom gadaswyvita miscemoda afxazeTis komisariats sxva da
sxva xarjis dasafaravad 1 milioni maneTi. es kanon-proeqti moxsen­
ebulia mTavrobaSi da miRebuli; igi ganixila damfuZnebeli krebis

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sabiujeto-safinanso komisiam da zogierTi cvlilebis Semdeg miiRo
da moiTxovs mis dakanonebas.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? aravin. muxlobriv gan­
xilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias.
sityva b-on mdivans ekuTvnis.

2. pirveli zogadi (ganxilva) kanon-proeqtisa oficerTa

da jaris kacTa tanisamosis formis Secvlis Sesaxeb.

s. mdivani. damfuZnebel krebis wevrno! arsebul, dakanonebul

1919 wlis ivnisis 29 kanonis ZaliT SemoRebuli iyo Cveni jarisaTvis
forma, magram xmarebis dros aRmoCnda, rom es forma miuRebelia sxva
da sxva mizezis gamo. umTavresad igi iyo damyarebuli lentebze da
amis uxerxuloba gamoixateboda, rom ar SeiZleboda Secvla da mTeli
rigi gaugebrobisa iyo amiT gamowveuli. meore mxriT ar SeiZleboda
datoveba Zveli formisa, romelic kanoniT mospobili iyo. samxedro
saministrom Seadgina komisia am formis gadasaSinjavad, komisiam
SeimuSava axali forma, romelic Sesdgeba SemdegSi: lentebi ispoba.
imis magier SemoRebulia niSani, romelic umTavresad sayeloze aris
gakeTebuli. Semdeg aris qudi: wined iyo SemoRebuli safrangeTis
formisa – kepi, axla Secvlilia – inglisis qudiT. Secvlilia agreTve
zeda tanisamosi. winandeli hgavda Zvel Sinels. es ki hgavs paltos
erT gverdian sacmels. yovelsave amas darTuli aqvs sxva da sxva feri.
qveiTa jarebisTvis muqi; texnikur nawilebisa da saxalxo gvardii­
saTvis Savi, cxenosan razmisaTvis cisferi. StabSi mosamsaxureTaT­
vis da samxedro saministroSi yviTeli, muqi cisferi da muqi yviTeli
sanapiro jars.
ai es Zveli forma iyo ganxiluli samxedro komisiaSi, moiwona da
vinaidan Zveli, e i. saqarTvelos respublikis mTavrobis SemoRebuli
Zveli forma ar iyo misaRebi da arc ruseTis Zveli formis datoveba
SegveZlo, amitom es axali forma, romelic kanoniT ar iyo damtkicebu­
li ukve SemoRebulia jarSi. garda amisa kanon-proeqts ar aqvs miznad,
rom am formis Secvlis dros erTgvari daxmareba aRmouCinon ofi­
crebs. Tqven iciT, rom forma aris umTavresad oficrebisaTvis da ara
sxva moxeleebisaTvis – eqimebisa, an veqilebisaTvis. wined, rodesac
forma SemoviReT, araviTari Semweoba ar aRmogviCenia oficerTaTvis.
axla, vinaidan mokle vadaSi moxda, es saministros ganzraxuli aqvs,
erTgvari daxmareba aRmouCinos oficrebs, rogorc gvardiaSi agredve
jarSi. navaraudevia TiTo oficrisaTvis am formis gadasakeTeblad
2.000 man. rasakvirvelia mTel tanisamoss am daxmarebiT ver iyidiT, ma­
gram erTgvar Semweobas aRmouCenT. sul oficrebi gvyavs jarSi 906,
gvardiaSi 312, amisdamixedviT aris navaraudevi Tanxac. es kanoni iyo

178
ganxiluli samxedro komisiaSi, Semdeg sabiujeto komisiaSi, ukanas­
kneli daeTanxma samxedro komisias, magram aRniSna is garemoeba, rom es
forma gatarebulia ufro adre, vidre miRebulia damfuZnebel krebis
mier. ai amiT mogmarTavT samxedro da sabiujeto-safinanso komisia da
gTxoven daakmayofiloT es Suamdgomloba.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? sityva ve­
Sapels ekuTvnis.
gr. veSapeli (n.-p.) batonebo! me minda visargeblo am SemTxveviT
da mogaxsenoT oriode sityva am formis Sesaxeb. jer erTi ver iqna
da ver moewyo Cvens jarSi formis saqme, rom marTlac SemuSavebu­
liyo iseTi forma, romelic Seefereba saqarTvelos erovnul jars,
saqar­Tvelos samxedro Zalas. Tqven iciT ramdeni cda iyo am darg­
Si. SeiZleba pirdapir iTqvas, rom imisda mixedviT Tu romeli ucxo
samxedro Zala Semodioda CvenSi, an iyo mezobelad CvenTan, amuSaveb­
da formas Cveni samxedro komisia da baZavda am morig mezoblebs da
stumrebs. Cven ganvicadeT osmaleTis pagonebis mibaZva, inglisisa da
safrangeTis qudebis, bolos amerikasa da italiis motivebic Sevida
Cvens sam­xedro formaSi.
SeiZleba vsTqvaT, rom amiT amoiwura Cveni mibaZvis SesaZloeba da
bolomde mivediT. magram me mgonia, es bolo ar aris saboloo im mx­
riv, rom igi ar Seefereba qarTveli formis azrs da ideas. Tavis Ta­
vad cxadia, rom Cven saerTod da samxedro uwyeba aqcevdes yuradRe­
bas imas ki ara, Tu rogor acvia inglisis, safrangeTis da sxva jars,
aramed imas, romeli ufro mosaxerxebeli da gamosayenebelia Cveni
jarisTvis da rac ufro lamazi aris am formis gamorCevis dros. am
SemTxvevaSi, rom meti iniciativa iyos am uwyebis specialistebSi da
rom isini saerTod met dros andomebdnen im saqmes, romelic abariaT,
maT SeeZloT bevri ram eswavlaT Cveni adgilobrivi xalxisagan gana­
pira kuTxeebSi rogoric aris mTiuleTi, aWara, afxazeTi da svaneTi.
gansakuTrebiT im kuTxeebSi, sadac samxedro saqmianoba beWeds asvams
xalxis Cacmulobas. aqedan motivebis gadmoReba saWiro aris sam­xedro
seqciebisaTvis ufro, vidre inglisis, amerikis da sxvaTa formidan.
jer-jerobiT samwuxarod ar eqceva yuradReba, Tumca am sakiTxs
Zalian didi mniSvneloba aqvs. aq iyo naTqvami: xalxis azrovneba Tval­
iTa da yuriT ariso. am TvalTaxedvas didi gavlena aqvs xalxis suli­
er mdgomareobaze, xalxis fsiqologiaze. SeuZlebelia jarma Sexedos
Tavis Tavs, rogorc namdvil saxelmwifoebriv-erovnul Zalas, damou­
kidebels yovelmxriv sxva samxedro ZalasTan, sanam Cvens jarebs ar
eqnebaT damoukidebeli qarTuli erovnuli forma. es jer-jerobiT
ar aris miRebuli. formis erTianobas didi mniSvneloba aqvs Cvens
jarSi. sakmarisi aris gadaxedos axla kacma Cvens samxedro nawilebs,
paradze an sxva dros, rom darwmundes, rogor cud STabeWdilebas
axdens mxedrebze da mayurebel xalxze is garemoeba, rom ase aWrele­
bulaT acviaT Cven samxedro Zalebs. zogs kaxuri qudi axuravs, zogs

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rusuli Zveli qudi, zogs kidev ufro sxvanairaT Secvlili kepi da
sxva amisTana. TiTqmis ver naxavT erT nawilsac ki, rom erTnairaT
ecvas. ara mgonia imisaTvis yofiliyo kanonis gatareba da kreditebis
gaReba, rom samxedro nawilebis specialistebs – dawyebuli ufrose­
bidan da gaTavebuli uncrosebamdi, Tu isini maqsimaluri siyvaru­
liT ekideboden Tavis saqmes – ver moexerxebinaT formis erTianobis
ganxorcieleba Tu mTel diviziebSi ara, yovel SemTxvevaSi, patara
nawilebSi mainc. iseTi mdgomareoba ki usaTuod araseriozul STabe­
Wdilebas axdens, rogorc gareSe xalxze, ise imaTzedac, vinc aris am
formis matarebeli.
vimeoreb, is ara idealuri formac, romelic aqamdi dawesebuli
iyo, isic ki ar tardeba ise, rom erTianoba damyardes. TviT es kanonic
ar aris idealuri da ar icavs am mxriv Cvens interesebs. imitom rom
forma unda iyos iseTi, rom erTis mxriv Seeferebodes Cveni qveynis
bunebriv pirobebs, Cveulebebs, tradiciebs da amave dros iyos da­
moukidebeli im mxriv, rom ganirCeodes Cveni jari sxva jarisagan, gan­
sakuTrebiT ruseTis samxedro nawilebisagan. me mgonia dameTanxmebiT
Tu vityvi, rom, magaliTad, omis dros Zalian Zneli iqneba saerTod
garCeva ruseTis samxedro Zalebisa – wiTeli armiisa da Cveni samxedro
Zalebisa – reguliaruli jarisa da miT ufro gvardiisa. Tu mxedve­
lobaSi ar miviRebT imas, rom reguliarul jars aqvs qarTuli kakar­
debi da gvardias dakerebuli niSnebi – amis garda didi gansxvaveba
ar arsebobs Cvens samxedro nawilebsa da ruseTis samxedro nawilebs
Soris. Tavis-Tavad cxadia, es garemoeba aranormaluria Cveulebriv
dros da miT ufro am araCveulebriv dros, rodesac es ori nawili
wiTeli armia da Cveni jari SeiZleba erTi-meores daupirdapirdes.
Cven ukve ganvicadeT erTxel aseTi uxerxuli mdgomareoba somxeTTan
omis dros. mxolod kakardebiT SeiZleboda garCeva erTi-meorisagan
Cveni da somxeTis jarisa.
SeiZleba sTqvan, rom saSualeba ara gvaqvs didi reforma movax­
dinoTo. Cven bevr rameSi ara gvaqvs SeZleba, magram im saqmeebSi,
romelic CvenTvis gamosadegia, Cven did xarjebs veweviT. da Tu ase
SesaZleblobaze vilaparakebT, maSin Cven unda davketoT Cveni uni­
versiteti, samxatvro galerea, muzeumi da sxv. magram amas ar vSvre­
biT. da miT ufro saWiro aris reforma samxedro saqmeSi. amas ki ver
vxedavT. samxedro uwyebaze veravin ityvis, rom cota ixarjebodes.
me gaxlavar memarjvene opoziciis warmomadgeneli da am SemTxveva­
Si eWvebs ver SeitanT, rom me aseT saqmeebze xarjebis winaaRmdegi
viyo, winaaRmdegi viyo imis, rom fuli daixarjos samxedro Zalis ga­
Zlierebaze, magram miuxedavad amisa, me ar SemiZlia vTqva, rom yve­
la, rac ixarjeba, mizan-Sewonilad ixarjeba. me ar SemiZlia, rogorc
deputatma, ar aRvniSno, rom bevri xarjebi usabuTod ixarjeba. sxvas
rom Tavi davaneboT, gamoWra, Zveli tanisamosis gadakereba-gadakeTe­
ba ar aris iseTi fantastiuri saqme, rom amis saSualebiT ar SeZlebu­

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liyo Zveli tanisamosis gadaaxleba. am mxriv pirdapir unda iTqvas,
rom Cven ver vxedavT saWiro iniciativas. me ar vici riTi aixsneba es.
imiT aixsneba, rom meTaurebs ar aqvT saWiro iniciativis gamoCenis un­
ari, Tu saqmis siyvaruli ar aris maTSi gaRvivebuli. magram, yovel
SemTxvevaSi unda iTqvas, rom saerTod jaris SemosvaSi – Tundac samx­
edro saministro – nakleb unars iCenen da kerZod formis saqmeSi maT
araviTari iniciativa ar gamouCeniaT.
rasakvirvelia, gvardiis nawilebi am mxriv ukeTes mdgomareobaSi
aris, imitom, rom maT meTaurebs ufro meti sifxizle aRmoaCndaT. mi­
uxedavad amisa, formis saqmeSi arc maT mmarTvelebs gamouCeniaT saW­
iro iniciativa, rom gvardiis forma iyos wminda erovnuli.
dabolos me minda aRvniSno is, rom, rodesac vlaparakob formaze,
rasakvirvelia, ara naklebi mniSvneloba aqvs imas, rac Seadgens mis
arsebiTs. es kanoni aris, magram faqtiurad Cven jars ara Tu kargi
forma ara aqvs, Sesaferisi qarTuli Cveulebisa, – aramed araviTari
forma ar aqvs, arc fexs acvia, arc tanisamosi aqvs. amis Tqma aq aucile­
belia imisaTvis, rom meti yuradReba mieqces am saqmes gansakuTrebiT
maSin, roca Cven jars SesaZloa Tavis Zalebis dapirispireba mouxdeba
sxva jaris ZalebTan da rodesac yoveli nakli am saqmeSi – aq laparaki
ar aris formaze, aramed daxurvaze da Cacmaze – warmoidgineT, did
ukmayofilebas iwvevs TviT jarSi da iwvevs im movlenas, romelsac
Cven „bolSevizms“ veZaxiT. am mxriv Zalian cud mdgomareobaSi aris
jaris didi nawilebi, gansakuTrebiT ganapira kuTxeebis nawilebi
vidre tfilisisa, imitom, rom tfilisSi, deda-qalaqSi, ufro advil­
ia meTvalyureoba, vinem ganapira adgilebSi. ganapira adgilebSi nak­
li metia. xSirad naxavT fexSiSvela jariskacs, ara erTsa da ors. da
Tqven advilad warmoidgenT, rogor uadvildebaT Cvens jarSi propa­
ganda maT, visac unda Cveni jaris gabolSevikeba.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. guruls.
z. guruli. (s.-d.) b. veSapeli, rogorc dainaxeT, exeboda um­
TavresaT samxedro saministros da iq myof samxedro specialistebs
da maT amtyunebda samxedro formis uqonlobaSi. me, rasakvirvelia,
srulebiT ar vfiqrob maT dacvas da maT magivraT laparaks; magram me,
rogorc mdivani samxedro komisiisa, minda ramdenime faqti aRvniSno.
saqme amaSia, rom araa marTali b. veSapeli, roca laparakobs,
TiTqo Cveni samxedro formis gamomuSavebaze gavlena qonda mxolod
im samxedro Zalebs, romelic CvenSi idgen, xan erTsa da xan meores.
upirvelesaT yovlisa unda aRvniSno, rom Cven gvqonda gamomuSavebu­
li mxolod erTi samxedro forma, romelic sanam ganxorcieldebo­
da, manam gamoicvala. da is, romelic gamoicvala, imasTan SedarebiT,
romelic axla arsebobs – ufro safuZvelze iyo agebuli, romelsac
moiTxovda Tavis sityvaSi bat. veSapeli. iq iyo gansakuTrebiTi cda,
es tanisamosi daaxloeboda qarTul Cveulebas, qarTul erovnul
suls, iq iyo survili erovnuli formis Seqmnisa. magram Semdeg bev­

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ris azriT igi uvargisi gamodga. da es swored imitom, rom iq iyo cda
ara marto imisa, rom es tanisamosi daaxloebda qarTul stils, ar­
amed imasac, rom igi lamazic yofiliyo. magram rodesac es tanisamosi
Seikera – pirvelaT is samxedro specialistebma da samxedro komisi­
am qaRaldze ganixiles, suraTebiT – ara marto praqtikulaT, aramed
silamaziTac ar gamodga iseTi, rogorsac moeloden. amitom sanam es
forma sinamdvileSi gatardeboda, manam samxedro sabWom miiRo es
mxedvelobaSi da aseTi formis tanisamosis Sekerva SeaCera. es forma
gamoscvala da araviTar gareSe Zalis zegavlenas aq adgili ar qonia.
miT umetes, Tu aseTi ram iyo, ori samxedro Zalis forma mainc ar
SeiZleboda yofiliyo, vinaidan pirveli gamomuSavebuli iyo ivnis­
Si, xolo meore – mariamobisTveSi da rogorc veSapelmac icis, aravi­
Tari cvlileba ivanobisTvidan mariamobisTvemdi ar momxdara. CvenSi
da Cvens mezoblad mariamobisTveSi igive Zalebi idgen rogoric iva­
nobisTveSi.
b. veSapeli ambobs, rom isic ver gaatares cxovrebaSi, rac qaR­
aldze gamoimuSaveso da Zalian Wrelia Cveni jarebio. Wreli aris
Cveni jarebis forma, imitom ki ara rom komisiam gamoimuSava erTi da
atareben meores, aramed imitom, rom axali forma sworeT Zveli tani­
samosisagan aris gadakeTebuli, da Tavis Tavad cxadia, iseT STabe­
Wdilebas ver axdens, rogorc axali.
qudebis saqmec ase gaxlavT. da sazogadod Tqven ambobT Seu­
Zleblobaze da umatebT, rom Tu SeuZleblobas miviRebT mxedvelobaSi,
universitetic unda davketoT. es Sedareba sruliad uadgiloa, uni­
versitets Cven ver davketavT, xolo jaris kacs SeuZlia Zvel qudze
axali kakarda daakeros. aqedan gamomdinareobs siWrele Cveni jarisa,
Tumca fuli bevri ixarjeba aucilebel saqmeebze rogoric aris Senax­
va, Cacma-daxurva, SeiaraReba. b. veSapeli ambobs, rom Cveni jari unda
gansxvavdebodes ruseTis da somxeTis jarebisagano. da me mgonia, rom
aseve dainteresebulia somxeTis mTavroba im garemoebiT, rom maTi jari
gansxvavdebodes Cveni da saerTod sxvisi jarebisagan, magram somxeTmac
ver moaxerxa Tavisi survilis ganxorcieleba; amave dauZlevel gare­
moebis gamo, imitom rom imas unda did-Zali fuli, saWiroa ara marto
formis gamocvla, aramed axali tanisamosis Sekervac. da me mgonia, b. ve­
Sapels ar dasWirdeba imis gamoangariSeba, Tu ra did-Zali fuli iqneba
saWiro. im jamagiriT, romelic oficrebs aqvT, da im daxmarebiT, rom­
lis Sesaxeb exla safinanso komisia gaZlevT winadadebas, rom miiRoT,
araferi gakeTdeba. tanisamosisTvis rom materia iyidon, arc jamagiri
eyofaT da verc Tqven miscemT fuls da verc komisia mogcemT winadade­
bas amdeni fuli gaiRoT maT dasaxmareblad. amis gamo aris, rom naklebi
gansxvaveba aris Cven jarsa da sxva jars Soris, magram Tu SevZlebT, da
Cveni oficroba axlo momavalSi Seikeravs axal tanisamoss axal for­
maze, maSin Cveni jari didad gansxvavebuli iqneba sxvis jarebisagan.
axla imis Sesaxeb, ratom swored qarTuli forma ar ariso.

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 roca saqarTvelo arsebobda winad damoukideblad, rasakvirve­
lia, hqonda Tavisi samxedro formac, magram mas aqeT rogorc b. veS­
apelmac icis, 120 welma gaiara; magram ar vici, romelma saxelmwifom
SeinarCuna is samxedro forma Tavisi jarebisaTvis, romelic am 120
wlis winad hqonda, arc erT saxelmwifoSi ar arsebobs aseTi forma.
da rom saqarTvelosac earsebna damoukideblad, mainc axali forma
eqneboda mas, da ara aseTi, rogoric mas 120 wlis winad hqonda. da
exla, rodesac 120 wlis Semdeg mivaRwieT damoukideblobas, Cven, rom
aRgvedgina Zvelad arsebuli forma, me mgonia, yvela, vinc am formas
Sexedavda sacinrad ar eyofoda. amitom, Tavis Tavad cxadia, arc samxe­
dro specialistebs, es arc komisias ar ufiqrniaT, rom es Zveli forma
daetovebinaT. cda iyo, rom samxedro forma ramdenimed daeaxlovebi­
aT erovnul formasTan, magram amas savsebiT ver mivaRwieT. iyo erT­
gvari cda, rom yofiliyo iseTi forma, romelic gansxvavdeboda sxva
jarebisagan, rasakvirvelia, b-on veSapels sruli sabuTi aqvs sTqvas,
rom es saboloo muSaoba ar aris. arc komisia fiqrobs, rom es iyos
saboloo. piriqiT, me mgonia, rogorc erTi Sinjvis Semdeg ukeTes Se­
degs mivaRwieT, ise SemdegSiac sxva da sxva nakli mocilebuli iqneba
da bolos gveqneba gamomuSavebuli ukeTesi samxedro forma, aq gasak­
virveli araferi ar aris, arc unda gagvikvirdes. unda vecadoT, rac
SeiZleba gavaumjobesoT is, rac arsebobs da gamovimuSaoT ukeTesi
forma. am Tvalsazrisze idga winandeli komisia da amave Tvalsazris­
iT muSaobs Cveni komisia.
Tavmjdomare. sityva momxsenebels ekuTvnis.
simon mdivani. (s.-f.) me minda oriode sityva mogaxsenoT im SeniS­
vnebze, romlebic b-on veSapelma gaakeTa. sazogadoT es TviT veS­
apelmac aRniSna da unda davemowmo, rom am formis SemuSavebaSi
Rebulobda monawileobas is, vinc xelmZRvanelobs Cvens jars. maT gan­
kargulebaSi iyo yovelive da Cveni survili iyo, rom forma yofili­
yo rac SeiZleba sada, martivi da Sesaferi Cveni erovnuli tradic­
iebisaTvis. da marTlac aq aris foni, aris safuZveli Cveni erovnuli
fesvebisa. umTavresad aris ori feri; am or ferze aris damyarebuli
mTeli formis viTareba da Sinaarsi. am mxriv amaze Sors wasvla Seu­
Zlebeli iyo, vinaidan amas win eRobeboda mravali mizezi, romelic,
rasakvirvelia saqarTvelos samxedro saministros gareSe sdgas. mxo­
lod aq aris Sezavebuli sami forma inglisis, italiis da safrange­
Tisa. da sami formis SezavebiT miviReT saqarTvelos laSqris forma.
magram ar SemiZlian vsTqva, rom es evoliucia aq ar SeCerdeba da Sem­
deg aRar ganviTardeba. es momavlis sakiTxi aris, mxolo erTi unda
vsTqva, rom rac SeiZleba unda gamartivdes is, rac aris. magaliTad
sayeloze vercxliT amoqarguli varskvlavebi. es albaT amoiSleba.
rac Seexeba gancxadebas Cveni jaris aWrelebis Sesaxeb, swored amis
gamo aris Semotanili es kanon-proeqti. es aWreleba umTavresad ofi­
crebs etyobaT da es iqidan mimdinareobs, rom maTi jamagiri Zalian

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mcire aris. iseTi siZvirea tanisamosisa, rom 3.000 maneTi Tu eyoT
tanisamosis Sesakeravad esec kargia. Cven Semweoba unda aRmouCinoT,
rom SeiZinon es forma, romelsac Cven vakanonebT, rom aviciloT Tav­
idan es aWreleba, amisTvis ueWvelad Semweoba unda aRmouCinoT. ai um­
Tavresi mizani am kanon-proeqtisa, Semdeg rac Seexeba jaris Semosvas
– Cveni mdgomareoba mZime aris am mxriv. me ar vityvi, rom Cveni jaris
xelmZRvanelebi maqsimumi siyvaruliT ar epyrobian am saqmes. piriqiT,
es maqsimumi miRweula. marTalia, naTqvamia: Tu guli gulobs, qada
orive xeliT iWmebao. magram saqmec imaSia, rom qada ver cxveba. am
bolo xanebSi veSapelma da me vinaxuleT jari, romelsac fexsacmeli
ar hqonda. magram rodesac jaris kacs vekiTxebiT rodis misces mas es
fexsacmelebi, is gvipasuxebs, rom erTi kviraa rac miviReTo. exla arc
Zafi varga, arc tyavi, ar Ziri da imitom is iSleba da iglijeba ta­
laxSi. (veSapeli: pasuxis gebaSi unda misceT?). am mxrivac bevri zome­
bi iyo miRebuli. Tqven, rom bazarze iyidoT Zafi – is Zafi aRar aris,
rogorc winad iyo. exla rom Zafi iyidoT, igi srulebiT aRar varga
da amisTvis ar vici vis miscemT samarTalSi.
unda mogaxsenoT, rom samxedro saministrom zomebi miiRo, Tavis
droze SeukveTa sazRvar-gared rogorc tanisamosi, ise fexsacmele­
bi. amisTvis dasdes kidev erTgvari pirobebi da windawinve misces Tam­
baqo, magram es Tambaqo waiRes da araviTari tanisamosi ar mogvsvlia.
samxedro saministros hqonda dapireba sxva da sxva saxelmwifoTa
warmomadgenlebTagan, magram aravis ara moutania ra. adgilobriv ki
iseTi xarisxis aris, rom gamosadegi ar aris. (veSapeli: wuRebi mainc
SeukereT). wuRebs gvaZleven da iseTive gamodis. magram Tqma imisa,
rom Cveni jaris xelmZRvanelebs maqsimumi siyvaruli ara aqvT am saq­
misadmi, marTali ar aris. ai am mosazrebaTa gamo me xelaxla viTxov,
rom es dekreti miRebul iqmnas da is Tanxa, romelic saWiroa oficre­
bis dasaxmareblad, gaRebul iqnas.
Tavmjdomare. sxva msurveli aravin aris. vin aris winaaRmdegi
muxlobriv ganxilvisa? aravin.
muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna da gadaeca
saredaqcio komisias.
gadavdivarT Semdeg sakiTxze. b. imnaiSvils ekuTvnis sityva.

3. zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa foTSi sazRvao

saswavleblis Statis da xarjT-arRicxvis
damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

(momxsenebeli n. imnaiSvili kiTxulobs kanon-proeqts, romelsac

damf. kreba sruliad iRebs da romelic Semdeg saredaqcio komisias
gadaeca).

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 4. zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa samazro da
sasoflo miliciisa da administraciis axali
Statis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

(momxsenebeli d. oniaSvili kiTxulobs cal-calke saTaursa da

pirvel muxls, romelsac damf. kreba ucvlelad iRebs. meore muxlSi
Setanilia Semdegi Sesworeba:
„pirvel muxlSi aRniSnuli Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis saWiroe­
bisaTvis gacemul iqnes saxelmwifo xazinidan Sinagan-saqm. ministris
gankargulebaSi ama wlis (1920 w.) Tebervlis pirvelidan ivnisis 1-de
30.749.200 man. im pirobiT, rom 25 proc. am jamisa uprocento sesxad
CaeTvalos yvela samazro erobebs sami wlis vadiT, xolo miliciis
mosamsaxureTaTvis ubedur SemTxvevis dros daxmarebis aRmosaCenad
gadadebul iqnas yvela mazrebisaTvis Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris gan­
kargulebaSi 170.000 maneTi“.
damf. kreba am Sesworebas ucvlelad iRebs. kanon-proeqtis sxva
muxlebis wakiTxvis Semdeg damf. kr. miiRo igi da gadasca saredaqcio
komisias).
Tavmjdomare. gadavdivarT Semdeg sakiTxze. sityva b. imnaiSvils
ekuTvnis.

5. dekreti tfilisis usinaTloTa saswavleblis

Statis da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.

n. imnaiSvili (s.-d.) saxalxo ganaTlebis komisiaSi Semovida ka­

non-­proeqti tfilisis usinaTloTa saswavleblis Statis da xarjT-­
aRricxvis damtkicebisa. Stati ucvlelad miRebulia komisiis mier.
igi gadaeca safinanso komisias, romelmac Static da xarjT-aRric­
xvac ucvlelad miiRo. axla ganaTlebis komisia Suamdgomlobs dam­
fuZnebeli krebis winaSe, rom es Stati da xarjT-aRricxva miRebuli
da damtkicebuli iqnes.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom es kanon-proeqti miRebul iqnes dekretis
saxiT? aravin. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvaze gadavi­
deT? aravin. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvazed.
(momxsenebeli kiTxulobs 1-l muxls).
Tavmjdomare. moiTmineT, eg ar eTanxmeba Statebs, romelic sabiu­
jeto komisiis Tavmjdomaris xelmowerilia?
n. imnaiSvili. sabiujeto komisia Semovida saxalxo ganaTlebis
uwyebaSi proeqtiT, sadac jamagirebi aris naangariSevi wliurad.
SeiZleba b. Tavmjdomares aqvs is varianti, sadac jamagirebi gamo­
angariSebulia Tviurad, magram jami erTi da igivea da eTanxmeba
dekretis proeqts. SeiZleba wliuri Seicvalos Tviurad.

185
 Tavmjdomare. magram aq Tviuric gaxlavT da wliuric...
n. imnaiSvili. jami erTi da igivea. noembris1-dan ivnisis 1-mde.
gamsxvaveba is aris, rom iq aris Tviurad da aq ki wliurad.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva am Statebis Sesaxeb? sityva aravi­
sa surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi 1-li muxlisa? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
1-li muxli miRebulia. vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom gadavideT meore
muxlis ganxilvazed? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. gadavdivarT meore
muxlis ganxilvaze.
(momxsenebeli kiTxulobs meore muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva am muxlis Sesaxeb? sityva aravisa
surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi meore muxlisa? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
meore muxli miRebuli gaxlavT. vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom gadavideT
mesame muxlis ganxilvaze? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. gadavdivarT mes­
ame muxlze.
(momxsenebeli kiTxulobs mesame muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva am muxlis Sesaxeb? sityva aravisa
surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi mesame muxlisa? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
mesame muxli miRebuli gaxlavT. gadavdivarT Semdeg muxlis ganxil­
vaze.
(momxsenebeli kiTxulobs meoTxe muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva am muxlis Sesaxeb? sityva aravi­
sa surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi am muxlisa? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
meoTxe muxli miRebuli gaxlavT. vin aris winaaRmdegi saerTod
dekretisa? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. dekreti miRebulia da gadaece­
ma saredaqcio komisias. gadavdivarT Semdeg sakiTxzed. Tqven brZan­
debiT momxsenebeli? sityva b. imnaiSvils ekuTvnis.

6. dekreti-tfilisis observatoriisaTvis
damatebiT 495.635 man. gadadebisa.

n. imnaiSvili. es gaxlavT dekreti tfilisis fizikur observato­

riisaTvis damatebiT 495.635 man. gadadebisa. damatebiTi xarjT-aR­
ricxva Semodis imitom, rom jer am observatoriis Statebi normalu­
rad ar gatarebula, vinaidan am xarjT-aRricxvis da Statebis gatareba
dakavSirebulia am observatoriis ZiriTad sakiTxTan, iqneboda is sax­
alxo ganaTlebis uwyebis gankargulebaSi, Tu igi gadaecemoda saxelm­
wifo universitets. es sakiTxi gasuls wels daibada da saxalxo ganaT­
lebis komisiam am mxriT miaqcia yuradReba fizikur observatoriis
muSaobas. Seiswavla misi mdgomareoba, sxva da sxva ganyofilebebi da
mivida im daskvnamde, rom ase datoveba am observatoriisa yovlad Seu­
Zlebelia da SarSan daadgina: gaetarebia proeqti am observatoriis
saxelmwifo universitetisaTvis gadacemisa, magram saxalxo ganaT­
lebis komisiisagan damoukidebel mizezebis gamo dRemde ver iqna ga­

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tarebuli es proeqti. da dResac am Statebis damtkiceba normaluri
wesiT dabrkolebuli aris. SeiZleba SemdegSi gavataroT Statebi da
xarjT-aRricxva da maSin Tavis Tavad cxadia, TiTon Sinaarsi observa­
toriis muSaobisa da misi mdgomareoba ufro dawvrilebiT moxsendeba
damfuZnebel krebas. mogexsenebaT, rom fizikuri observatoria Tav­
is sxva da sxva ganyofilebebiT eyrdnoba am Zvel Statebs. miuxedavaT
imisa, rom igi Zvel Statebs eyrdnoba, mas mainc ar qonda Tavis gankar­
gulebaSi iseTi Tavisufali Tanxa, romliTac mas SeeZlos esargeblna
Tavis saWiroebaTa dasakmayofileblad. es saqme ki saCqaro da aucile­
beli aris. magaliTad fizikur observatorias uxdeba seismografiul
gamokvlevebis moxdena. kerZoT miwis Zvris gamokvlevis dabrkolebis
mizezi is iyo, rom observatoriis fotografiuli qaRaldi, romel­
sac sazRvar-gareT wineT iZenda, ar qonda.
Tavis Tavad cxadia es qaRaldi Zviri Rirs da amis SeZenis SeZle­
ba ar qonda, rom seismuri gamokvlevis mxriv observatoria Tavis
simaRleze yofiliyo – magneturi xasiaTis gamokvlevis sadgurebis
muSaobac dabrkolebuli iyo. magnetiuri sadguri imyofeba mcxeTis
axlo, 7 versis siSoreze mTaSi, am usaxsrobis gamo, mas saWiro masa­
la ara aqvs da amitom iqac es muSaoba dabrkolebulia. sazogadoT
observatorias eWirveba sxva da sxva xarjebi. SekeTeba sxva da sxva
aparatebisa, Zveli gacveTili aparatebis aRdgena, SeZena axlebisa. es
zed-meti xarjebi gamoiTxova saxalxo ganaTlebis komisiam da igi dam­
fuZnebelma krebam unda daamtkicos. es xarjebi iseTi xasiaTisa aris,
rom igi erT da imave dros, erTdrouli aris da mudmivic. magaliT­
ad aparatebis, qaRaldis SeZena erTdroulia, magram mudmivi xasiaTi
aqvs. sul gamoTxovili aris 495.635 man. saxalxo ganaTlebis komisiam
am xarjT-aRricxvis gaReba aucileblad ician, vinaidan Tanxis uqon­
loba isedac dabrkolebas qmnida mis muSaobaSi, romelic am xnis gan­
mavlobaSi ar iyo normalur kalapotSi Cayenebuli. safinanso komi­
siam es daamtkica da eTanxmeba ganaTlebis komisias. aq aris SeniSvna
saxelmwifo kontrolisa, magram sabiujeto komisia amas ar daeTanxma.
es SeniSvna mimarTuli aris am xarjebis Semcirebisaken. me ki vSuamd­
gomlob am orive komisiis saxiT, rom es xarjebi miRebuli iyos ucv­
lelad da savsebiT.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom gadavideT muxlobriv ganxilvaze? winaaR­
mdegi aravin aris. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze. (momxsenebeli
kiTxulobs pirvel muxls).
vis surs sityva am muxlis Sesaxeb? aravis. vin aris winaaRmdegi
pirveli muxlisa? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. pirveli muxli miRebuli
gaxlavT. waikiTxeT Semdegi. (momxsenebeli kiTxulobs meore muxls).
vis surs sityva meore muxlis Sesaxeb? aravis. vin aris winaaRmde­
gi meore muxlisa? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. meore muxli miRebulia.
vin aris winaaRmdegi sazogadoT mTeli dekretisa? winaaRmdegi ara­

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vin aris. dekreti miRebulia da gadaecema saredaqcio komisias. gada­
vdivarT Semdeg sakiTxze.

7. dekreti samxedro-saministros kulturul-­g amanaT-

lebel seqciis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.

Tavmjdomare. momxsenebeli gaxlavT b-ni imnaiSvili. s.-d. fraqci­

isagan gaxlavT Semotanili winadadeba, rom es dekreti iqnes gadadebu­
li kanon-proeqtis saxiT da maSasadame vsvam sakiTxs, rom kenWis yriT
gadavwyvitoT. gatarebul iqnes es dekretis Tu kanon-proeqtis saxiT?
vis surs sityva amis Sesaxeb? sityva aravis surs. vis aris winaaRmde­
gi, rom es iqnes gatarebuli kanon-proeqtis saxiT? winaaRmdegi aravin
aris, maS gatarebuli iqneba kanon-proeqtis saxiT. gTxovT moaxsenoT.
n. imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) es Statebi da xarjT-aRricxva ekuTvnis sam­
xedro saministrosTan arsebul kulturul-ganmanaTlebel seqcias.
Tqven kargaT mogexsenebaT, rom am seqciis muSaobis mTavari mizani
gaxlavT saerTod jarSi Segnebisa da codnis Setana, vinaidan es unda
darCes safuZvlad Cven norC jarSi disciplinis Sehqmnisa da jaris
zneobrivi da gonebrivi amaRlebisa. saubedurod dRemde amas hqonda
ufro kerZo iniciativis xasiaTi. exla uwyebasTan da seqciasTan Se­
TanxmebiT saxalxo ganaTlebis da safinanso komisias surs mieces amas
saxelmwifo xasiaTi.
amisaTvis saxelmwifom unda miiRos saTanado xarjebi. seqcias aq
aqvs warmodgenili farTo programma, ganxiluli saxalxo ganaTlebis
komisiis mier da TiTqmis mTlianaT miRebuli. mas es kulturuli
muSaoba ase hqonda warmodgenili, upirveles yovlisa unda iqnes war­
modgenili muSaoba im mxriv, rom avicdinoT Tavidan is nakli, romel­
ic Cven jarSi aris mTavari, mwvave da mtkivneul naklaT iTvleba, e. i.
unda vaswavloT jars wera-kiTxva, vinaidan jarSi saubeduroT didi
procenti aris ara mcodne am wera-kiTxvisa. jaris kacs garda amisa
unda aswavlon sxva da sxva zogad ganaTlebis xasiaTis sagnebi, mag­
aliTad: istoria mSobliuri, mokle mimoxilva mwerlobisa, saqarTve­
los geografia dakavSirebuli saerTo geografiasTan. saqarTvelos
istoria dakavSirebuli saerTo istoriasTan, Semdeg angariSi da
sxva aseTi zogadi ganaTlebis sagnebi. garda am zogadi ganaTlebisa
seqcias evaleba leqciebis saxiT, baasis saxiT daayenos jarSi mecadi­
neoba, Tu SeiZleba ase iTqvas am saWir-boroto sakiTxebis gasaTval­
iswineblaT, maSasadame Caaxedos Cveni jaris kaci Cveni mTavari poli­
tikur kiTxvebis viTarebaSi. es meore muSaoba dakavSirebuli iqneba
pirvel muSaobasTan. garda amisa seqcias miznad aqvs, rom am zogad
ganaTlebasTan erTad da am politikur codnis miwodebasTan erTad
miawodos maT cnobebi kooperaciisa da agronomiis Sesaxeb da sxva
amgvari sameurneo xasiaTis codna, rom rodesac jariskaci sofelSi

188
dabrundeba, am meurneobis codniT isargeblos sameurneo saqmeebSi
da saerTod yovel-dRiur cxovrebaSi. amas garda seqcias aqvs miznad
daukavSiros es sameurneo xasiaTis leqciebi sakiTxebs samxedro sam­
saxuris Sesaxeb, disciplinas, jarSi yofa-cxovrebas da sazogadod
samxedro da strategiul xasiaTis sakiTxebs.
am programis Sesaxeb saxalxo ganaTlebis komisias hqonda msje­
loba, gaarCia dawvrilebiT, moiwona is da mizan-Sewonilad dainaxa
da fiqrobs, rom aseTi proeqtis ganxorcieleba SeiZleba da miaR­
wevs kidec mizans. Tavis-Tavad cxadia saxalxo ganaTlebis komisia
eTanxmeba seqciis azrs, rom es muSaoba unda darCes partiul zega­
vlenis gareSe, rom es principi, romelic kanonad gvaqvs miRebuli
gatarebuli iqnes saerTod kulturul-ganmanaTlebel muSaobaSi.
exla mogaxsenebT, romelma organom unda gaataros cxovrebaSi pro­
eqti. seqcias aqvs warmodgenili ase da saxalxo ganaTlebis komisiac
eTanxmeba mas, rom unda daarsdes jariskacebisaTvis universiteti
leqciebisa da mecadineobisaTvis. garda amisa unda daarsdes sameca­
dino xasiaTis skolebi. aTaseulebSi da ufro wvril erTeulebSi
unda iyos sagundo skolebi. maSasadame es sagundo skolebi mTa­
vari organoa, romelic unda gauZRves am kulturul muSaobas. Cven
marTlac es mizanwonilad migvaCnia. ai es muSaoba kulturul-gan­
manaTlebel seqciisa swored am organoebzed aris damyarebuli.
rac Seexeba aTaseulebs – es muSaoba ufro farTo xasiaTis iqneba.
es ufro Seefereba jariskacTa universitetis xasiaTs. agreTve am
seqciebis gankargulebaSi iqneba Teatrebi, moZravi proJeqtorebi
da sxv. da sxv.
exla mogaxsenebT, vin unda ganaxorcielos es personalurad.
StatebSi Tanamdebobis pirni arian CamoTvlilni da saxalxo ganaT­
lebis komisia ambobs, rom aucileblad saWiroa, rom es Stati, es
personali, romelic seqcias aqvs warmodgenili, damtkicebul iqnes.
pirvelad yovlisa iqneba mTavari xelmZRvaneli, mas eyoleba TanaSem­
weebi, magram Cven mTavar yuradRebas vaqcevT mTavar instruqtorebs,
romlebic brigadebSi iqnebian. TiTo brigadas eyoleba mTavari in­
struqtori, TiTo aTaseuls eyoleba mowveuli TiTo maswavlebeli da
TiTo maswavlebeli samxedro piri – oficeri. pirvelma unda moawes­
rigos am saqmis pedagogiuri mxare da meore, oficeri ki daxmarebas
gauwevs samxedro codnis micemiT da muSaobas xels Seuwyobs.
ai, amitom im personaluri Statebis damtkiceba, romelic war­
modgenili yavs seqcias saxalxo ganaTlebis komisias aucilebel saW­
iroebad miaCnia. StatebiT gamowveuli xarjT-aRricxva saerTod
dadasturebulia safinanso komisiis mier. mxolod sadac uwyebas
hqonda mTeli wliuri angariSi, safinanso komisiam Seaswora da ga­
moiangariSa im Tvis, romel TvisTvisac eZlevaT da am mxriv zogi­
erTi droebiTi xarjebi, mag. universitetis, Teatris mowyobis da
sx. komisiam miiRo, samarTlianad icno da daadastura. mogaxsenebT

189
exla am xarjebs. aq gaxlavT magaliTad xarjebi Jurnal-gazeTebis
gamosawerad. es aucileblad migvaCnia Cveni jarisaTvis. aris kidev
gansakuTrebuli Tanxa broSurebisa da wignebis gamocemisaTvis, Te­
atrisaTvis, amis miRebac saWirod migvaCnia. Semdeg saWiroa Tanxa
tfilisis sagarnizono klubis mosawyobad. erTdrouli Tanxebi aris
sul 2 mil. es dadasturebuli aris safinanso komisiis mier da aravi­
Tar davas ar iwvevs.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom muxlobriv ganxilvaze gadavideT? aravin.
muxlobrivi ganxilva moxdeba saTanado vadis gasvlis Semdeg. Semde­
gi sakiTxi gaxlavT (kiTxulobs) sityva ekuTvnis momxsenebels n. im­
naiSvils.

8. zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa saqarTvelos muze-

umis Statis da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

i. imnaiSvili. saubedurod dRemde muzeumis Senobis damTavreba

ver moxerxda. magram miuxedavad amisa, Statebi mainc arsebobs da mo­
samsaxure personali mainc aris. Tavis Tavad cxadia, rom es Statebi
erTnairi ganmeoreba an ganaxleba aris Zvelisa, magram xarjT-aRricx­
va mainc saWiroa, radgan Tavisufali Tanxebi ar aqvT. es aqamde unda
dadasturebuliyo, dagvianda kidec. es sakiTxi dakavSirebuli aris
muzeumis damTavrebasTan, radgan muzeumi sazogadoebisaTvis gamosay­
enebel formaSi dRemde ver moewyo. misi biblioTeka da sxva nawile­
bi – botanikuri, metalurgiuli, zoologiuri da sxva aris sazoga­
doebisaTvis mouwyobel adgilas. da sanam es Senoba ar damTavrdeba,
es iSviaTi ganZi muzeumisa yovelTvis mouwyobeli iqneba. am Senobis
damTavrebis sakiTxi didi xania sdgas da saTanado nabijebic mis dasax­
mareblad ukve gadadgmuli aris. miuxedavaT imisa, rom es muzeumi
jer-jerobiT ver moqmedebs, saxalxo ganaTlebis komisia mainc iTxovs,
rom es xarjebi iqnes miRebuli, radgan Statebi arsebobs.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris muxlobriv ganxilvis winaarmdegi? aravin. muxlobrivi ganx­
ilva moxdeba saTanado vadis gasvlis Semdeg. Semdegi sakiTxi gaxlavT
(kiTxulobs). sityva ekuTvnis n. imnaiSvils.

9. zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa centralur

samecniero arqivis daarsebis Sesaxeb.

n. imnaiSvili. mTavroba damfuZnebel krebaSi SuamdgomlobiT

Semovida: mogveyara Tavi tfilisSi yvela im arqivebisa, romelic

190
arsebobs respublikis sxva da sxva adgilebSi, da Segveqmna centra­
luri organo, romelic am saqmes gauZRveboda. amas didi samecnie­
ro mniSvneloba aqvs, es arqivebi udides mniSvnelobis dokumentebs
warmoadgenen da mTavrobis azriT es idea dagrovebisa Tavis Tavad
Zlier simpatiuri aris da saxalxo ganaTlebis komisiamac miiRo igi.
magram mTavrobas ganzraxva qonda, rom am dagrovil arqivis organo
yofiliyo dadasturebuli departamentis saxiT. es azri saxalxo ga­
naTlebis komisiam ar miiRo da amas safinanso komisiac daeTanxma jer
erTi imitom, rom Tavis Tavad araviTar saWiroebas da aucileblobas
ar warmoadgens, rom am organos – qondes aseTi didi departamentis
saxe, imitom, rom komisiis azriT, es departamenti mag. rkinis gzis uw­
yebis departamenti, aris didi marTva-gamgeobis sfero da es organo
ki aseT did farglebSi ver moemwyvdeva, igi viwroa. amxriv araviTar
saWiroebas ar warmoadgens misi calke departamentad arseboba.
meorec, Tavis Tavad, departamentis sistema, rogorc aseTi, jer
dakanonebuli ara gvaqvs da ar viciT rogor gadawydeba es sakiTxi
sabolood. amitom es sakiTxi kerZo SemTxvevis gamo winaswar ar gvin­
doda gadagvewyvita. safinanso komisiam uaryo finansiuri Tvalsaz­
risiT. maSin Tavis Tavad cxadia, rom Tanamdebobis pirni dajildove­
buli unda yofiliyvnen imave jamagirebiT, rogorc departamentis
mosamsaxureni. mag. am organos meTauri Tavis jamagiriT unda gaTanas­
worebuli yofiliyo departamentis direqtorTan. es ki zedmet xar­
jebs gamoiwvevda. am finansiuri mosazrebiTac saxalxo ganaTlebis da
safinanso komisiebma miuReblad scnes mTavrobis proeqti, da miiRes
ase: es organo departamentis saxiT ar iarsebebs da daerqmeva „res­
publikis centraluri arqivi“. marTva-gamgeobis sferoSi is ar iqneba
damoukidebeli da daeqvemdebareba saxalxo ganaTlebis saministros.
es cvlileba miRebuli iyo saxalxo ganaTlebis da safinanso komisi­
is mier. amis mixedviT, aq warmodgenil Stats – Tanamdebobis pirebs,
safinanso komisiam jamagirebi Seumcira. Cven ase davsviT sakiTxi: am
centralur arqivs aqvs udidesi samecniero mniSvneloba da igi unda
gausworoT im dawesebulebebs, romlebic aseTive samecniero muSao­
bas awarmoeben, mag. pedagogiur muzeumis saTaveSi – direqtorad spe­
cialisti mecnieri aris. da am mxriT Cven es Semcireba jamagirebisa
miviReT da gauTanasworeT imaT, vinc aq, am dawesebulebaSi sdganan.
ase, rom safinanso komisiam xarjT-aRricxva Sescvala, da aq warmod­
genili gaxlavT ara mTavrobis varianti, aramed safinanso komisiisa.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? aravin. maSasadame mux­
lobrivi ganxilva moxdeba saTanado vadis gasvlis Semdeg. Semdegi
sakiTxi gaxlavT (kiTxulobs), sityva ekuTvnis m. rusias.

191
 10. meore muxlobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa
mesxeT-javaxeTSi da artaanis raionSi samomrigeblo
institutis SemoRebis Sesaxeb.

m. rusia (kiTxulobs Stats).

Tavmjdomare. gTxovT waikiTxoT pirveli muxli.
m. rusia (kiTxulobs 1-l muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. maSa­
sadame miRebulia.
kreba ucvlelad iRebs agreTve Semdeg – 2, 3, 4 muxlebs.
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxi gaxlavT (kiTxulobs). sityva ekuT­
vnis rusias.
m. rusia (kiTxulobs Stats).
Tavmjdomare. gTxovT waikiTxoT pirveli muxlic.
m. rusia (kiTxulobs 1-l muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. maSa­
sadame miRebulia.
kreba ucvlelad iRebs agreTve 2, 3, 4 muxlebs.
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxi gaxlavT (kiTxulobs). sityva ekuT­
vnis gagloevs.

11. dekreti saxazino rkinis gzis quTaisis sadguris

gafar­T oebisaTvis mamulis SesaZenad
1.570.000 man. gadadebisa.

g. gagloevi (s.-d.) es dekreti exeba qalaq quTaisis rkinis gzis sad­

guris gafarToebas. saqme imaSia, rom arc erTi sadguri saxelmwifo
rkinis gzisa ar saWiroebs Tavisufal Senobebs ise, rogorc quTai­
sis rkinis gzis sadguri. rogorc rkinis gzis sawyobebis, ise rkinis
gzis pirvel kategoriis mosamsaxureTaTvis binebis uqonlobam aiZu­
la gzaTa uwyeba, rom aseTi dekretiT Semosuliyo. TviT im sadguris
axlo aris mamuli eligulaSvilisa da TumaniSvilisa da am mamulSi
aris Senoba, romelic SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqmnas rogorc sawyo­
bebis, ise rkinis gzis mosamsaxureTa binebisaTvis. mamulis patroni
afasebs 2 milion maneTad, magram gzaTa uwyebas hgonia, rom es mamu­
li SeiZleba Sesyidul iqnes 1 1/2 mil. maneTad da es 1 1/2 mil. iseTi
samarTliani fasia, romelsac mamulis patronebi, rkinis gzis uwyebis
azriT, daeTanxmebian. garda amisa, unda mogaxsenoT, rom rkinis gzam
ar SeiZleba ar SeiZinos es mamuli da is Senoba, romelic am mamulze
aris, radganac rkinis gzas Zlier didi xarji mouva, rom axali Seno­
ba dadgas. rkinis gzis uwyebas es pirdapir SeuZleblad miaCnia, rom
exlave Seudgnen axali Senobis agebas. swored amitom gzaTa uwyebis

192
azriT, Tu mamulis patronebi ar daTanxmdebian am mamulis moyidvas
gzaTa uwyebaze, maSin es mamulebi da is Senobebi, romlebic iq aris,
iZulebiT unda CamoarTvan. swored amitom, gzaTa uwyeba Txoulobs,
rom es dekreti miRebul iqnes.
amasTanave unda mogaxsenoT, rom Semdgari iyo komisia gzaTa uw­
yebisa, saxelmwifo kontrolioris da safinanso komisiis warmomad­
genelTagan. maT daaTvalieres es Senoba da mamuli da aucileblad
scnes rkinis gzis uwyebisaTvis misi SeZena.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? aravis. vin aris winaaRmdegi mux­
lobriv ganxilvisa? aravin. gTxovT waikiTxoT.
gagloevi (kiTxulobs 1-l muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. mux­
li miRebulia. gTxovT waikiTxoT Semdegi muxli.
gagloevi (kiTxulobs meore muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin.
muxli miRebulia. vin aris saerTod dekretis winaaRmdegi? aravin.
dekreti miRebulia da gadaecema saredaqcio komisias. aq aris Semo­
suli winadadeba, rom Semdegi sxdoma dainiSnos xuTSabaTs, 12 saaTze.
gTxovT moisminoT saboloo teqstebi.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli (kiTxulobs saboloo teqsts dekretisa af­
xa­zeTis komisariatisaTvis yovel Tviurad erTi mil. maneTis ga­
dadebisa).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. sab­
oloo teqsti miRebulia. gTxovT moisminoT Semdegi krebis dRiuri
wesrigi.
mdivani (kiTxulobs Semdegi krebis dRiur wes-rigs).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. Sem­
degi krebis dRiuri wesrigi miRebulia. kreba daxuruli gaxlavT.
kreba ixureba 3 s. 20 w.

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 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

mecxre sxdoma

(9)

1920 weli. aprilis 8. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. dekreti – saxalxo gvardiisaTvis 1919-1920 ww. xarjT-aRric­

xvis angariSSi 32.000.000 man. gadadebisa.
2. dekreti – mazraSi gadayvanil miwis mzomelTa erTdrouli dax­
marebis micemisa.
3. dekreti – respublikis uwyebisaTvis sakancelario da sameur­
neo xarjebis dasafaravad damatebiT 14.857.485 man. gadadebisa.
4. dekreti – sagimnastiko sazogadoebis „SevardenisaTvis“ 150.000
man. micemisa.
5. dekreti – qarTvelTa Soris w.-k. gamavrc. sazog. gamgeobisaT­
vis 5.000.000 man. sesxis micemisa.
6. dekreti – kanonebis gadamsinjav komisiis daarsebisa.
7. dekreti – saerobo samkurnalo dawesebulebaTa sameurneo xar­
jT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.
8. dekreti – damf. krebis wevrebis saxazino rkinis gzebis mimosv­
lis uflebisa.
9. miwis Zvris dazaralebulTa komitetis Tavmjdomaris gancxa­
debisa.
10. saboloo teqstebi.

Tavmjdomareobs damuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris amxanagi

eqvTime TayaiSvili.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivnis amx. qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
prezidiumSi aris k. jafariZe.

195
 sxdoma iwyeba naSuadRevis 2 saaT. da 25 wuT.
Tavmjdomare. sxdoma gaxsnili gaxlavT. mdivani mogaxsenebT dRi­
ur wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs).

dRiuri wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti kanonisa – foTis sazRvao saswavleblis Sta­

tisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia qr. Sara­
SiZis asuli.
2. saboloo teqsti kanonisa samazro da sasoflo miliciis da ad­
ministraciis axali Statis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
3. saboloo teqsti dekretisa tfilisis usinaTloTa saswavleb­
lis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
4. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – tfilisis fizikur observatori­
is damatebad 495.635 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.
5. saboloo teqsti kanonisa – mesxeT-javaxeTis da artaanis raion­
Si samomrigeblo institutis SemoRebis Sesaxeb.
6. saboloo teqsti kanonisa – mesxeT-javaxeTis da artaanis raion­
Si sagamomZieblo institutis SemoRebis Sesaxeb.
7. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – saxazino rkinis gzis quTaisis sad­
guris gafarToebisaTvis mamulis SesaZenad 1.570.000 man. gadadebis
Sesaxeb.
8. dekreti – saxalxo gvardiisaTvis 1919-1920 wlis xarjT-­aRric­
xvis angariSSi 32.000.000 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia gr. giorgaZe.
9. dekreti – mazrebSi gadayvanil miwis mzomelTaTvis erTdroul
daxmarebis micemisa. momxsenebelia kir. niniZe.
10. dekreti – respublikis uwyebaTa sakancelario da sameurneo
xarjebis dasafaravad damatebiT 14.857.485 man. gadadebisa. momxsene­
belia v. cabaZe.
11. dekreti – sagimnastiko sazogadoebis „Sevardenis“-aTvis
150.000 man. micemisa. momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli da n. imnaiSvili.
12. dekreti – qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli
sazogadoebis mTavari gamgeobisaTvis 5.000.000 man. sesxis micemisa.
momxsenebelia e. TayaiSvili da n. imnaiSvili.
13. dekreti – kanonTa gadamsinjavi komisiis daarsebisa, momxsene­
belia m. rusia da gr. giorgaZe.
14. dekreti – saerobo-samkurnalo dawesebulebaTa sameurneo xar­
jebisaTvis saTanado Tanxis gadadebisa. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
15. dekreti – damfuZnebeli krebis wevrTaTvis saxazino rkinis
gziT ufasod mimosvlis uflebis micemisa. momxsenebelia er. kalaZe
da n. imnaiSvili.

196
 16. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – nafic msajulTa
sasamarTlos debulebis Secvlis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia m. rusia da
gr. giorgaZe.
Tavmjdomare. winadadebaa Semosuli, rom dRevandel miRebul
dekretebis saboloo teqstebi dResve movisminoT. vis surs sityva
amis Sesaxeb? msurveli aravin aris. vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. si­
tyva ekuTvnis b-on giorgaZes.

1. dekreti saxalxo gvardiisaTvis 1919-1920 w. xarjT-

aRricxvis angariSSi 32.000.000 man. gadadebisa.

gr. giorgaZe. es gaxlavT dekreti saxalxo gvardiisaTvis mimdin­

are wlis xarjT-aRricxvis angariSSi 32 mil. man. gadadebisa. saxalxo
gvardiis Svidi Tvis ganmavlobaSi, Tanaxmad xarjT-aRricxvisa, rom­
liTac vxelmZRvanelobT, ergeba 32 mil. man. saxalxo gvardiis mTavar­
ma Stabma da samxedro saministrom, aRZra Suamdgomloba mTavrobis
winaSe, rom es 32 milioni maneTi e. i. 2 Tvis angariSi mieces axlave
mimdinare xarjebis dasafaravad. Tanaxmad finansTa ministris da
saxelmwifo kontrolis daskvnisa, mTavrobam daadgina es 32 milioni
mieces saxalxo gvardiis mimdinare saWiroebaTa dasakmayofileblad.
es sakiTxi garda amisa iyo garCeuli safinanso da samxedro komisieb­
Si da vinaidan es Suamdgomloba eyrdnoboda kanons, amitom dekreti
miRebul iqna. axla me vSuamdgomlob damfuZnebel krebis winaSe raTa
manac daadasturos es moTxovnileba.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? aravin.
(b. giorgaZe kiTxulobs muxlobriv. dekreti saerTo wesiT miRe­
bulia damfuZ. krebis mier da igi saredaqcio komisias gadaeca).
sityva ekuTvnis k. niniZes.

2. dekreti mazraSi gadayvanil miwis mzomelTa

erTdroul daxmarebis micemisa.

k. niniZe. (s.-d.) tfilisis da quTaisis samazro erobaTa arsebul

samijnao ganyofilebebSi gadaiyvanes miwis mzomelebi, vinaidan aq sa­
Tanado ganyofilebebi moawyves, da amaT gadayvanis gamo saministro
Txoulobs anazRaurebul iqnes is xarjebi, romlebic maT mouvidodaT
gzebSi, gadasvlaze da sxva. saxelmwifo kontrolis miwad-moqmedebis
da finansTa saministros mier dadebiTi daskvnaa. komisiam ganixila
es dekreti, saWirod scno misi miReba da Txoulobs, rom damfuZnebel
krebamac daadasturos da miiRos igi.

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 Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? aravin.
b. niniZe muxlobriv kiTxulobs dekrets, romelic miiRo dam­
fuZnebel krebam da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias.
sityva ekuTvnis b-on cabaZes.

3. dekreti respublikis uwyebaTaTvis sakancelario

da sameurneo xarjebis dasafaravad damatebiT
14.857.485 maneTis gadadebisa.

v. cabaZe. dekreti Seexeba damatebiTi 14.857.485 man. gadadebas

sameurneo da sakancelario xarjebis dasafaravad. Tqven mogexsene­
baT, rom warsul wels uwyebaTa mosamsaxureebis jamagirebis momate­
ba ramodenimejer moxda, magram sameurneo da sakancelario xarjebi
ki ucvlelad darCa. rogorc gzis ise saWiro nivTebis fasi dRi­
Ti-dRe zRaprulad izrdeba. sameurneo da sakancelario xarjebic
matulobs, am xarjebis dasafaravad ki, krediti Tavis drozed gaRe­
buli ar iyo da am dekretiT moiTxoven 14.857.485 maneTs, raTa es aR­
niSnuli xarjebi iqnes dafaruli. finansTa saministrom es dekreti
sabiujeto komisiaSi warmoadgina, misi varaudiT es jami Seadgenda
23 mil. maneTs, magram SemdegSi, rodesac sabiujeto komisia gaec­
no im masalas, romelzedac eyrdnoboda warmodgenili dekreti, es
Tanxa Seamcira da sxvaTa Soris erTi mxriv im mosazrebiTac xelmZ­
Rvanelobda, rom sabiujeto wlamde cota dro darCa. meores mxriv
es sakancelario masala erTdroulad unda iqnes SeZenili, vinaidan
sabazro fasi yovel dRe matulobs da xarjebis dafarva metad gaZ­
neldeba.
amitom sabiujeto komisiam es damatebiTi xarjebi Seamcira
14.857.485 maneTamde. es dekreti miRebulia finansTa saministros
mier, saxelmwifo kontrolis mier da dadasturebulia safinanso
komisiis mier.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? aravin. gadavdivarT mux­
lobriv ganxilvaze. (muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg damf. kreba iRebs
dekrets, romelic Semdeg saredaqcio komisias gadaeca).
sityva ekuTvnis b. gomarTels.

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 4. dekreti – sagimnastiko sazogadoebis
„Sevardeni“-saTvis 150.000 man. micemisa.

iv. gomarTeli. (s.-d.) yvelas kargaT mogexsenebaT Tu ra mniSvne­

loba aqvs janmrTelobas ara marto kerZo piris cxovrebaSi, aramed
mTeli eris cxovrebaSi da am mizniT amis gasaZliereblad axalgazr­
dobis gasajanmrTeleblad sxva da sxva kulturul qveynebSi daarse­
bulia sxva da sxva sazogadoebani. wineT ruseTis reJimis dros nakle­
bi yuradReba qonda miqceuli am mxares. da Tu dRes Cven gvinda, rom
Cveni eri, Cveni momavali gavamtkicoT, es sakiTxi Sesafer niadagze
unda davayenoT. es mimarTuleba TandaTan ikidebs fexs CvenSi da ukve
daarsda sazogadoeba „Sevardeni“, romlis upirveles mizans Seadgens
eris janmrTelobaze zrunva. amas garda Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi,
rom Cveni ideali aris ara mudmivi jari, aramed saxalxo milicia,
aseT sazogadoebas rogoric aris „Sevardeni“, aqvs saxelmwifoebrivi
mniSvnelobac. momavalma Taobam sxva da sxva varjiSobasTan erTad
saWiroa Seiswavlos iaraRis xmarebac da „Sevardenis“ erT-erT mi­
zansac swored am iaraRiT xmarebis Seswavla Seadgens. am didi miznis
gansaxorcieleblad rasakvirvelia saWiroa iaraRi, bina, Semofar­
gluli ezo da sxva. amisaTvis ki saWiroa didi Tanxa. sxvaTa Soris
saWiroa, leqciebis da kursebis mowyoba. magram did masStabs rom
ar gavyveT, arian iseTi saWiroebani romlebic dauyonebliv dakmay­
ofilebas Txouloben. rogorc mogexsenebaT, SarSan maisis 26 gaimar­
Ta sazeimo dResaswauli, sadac Sevardenma didi monawileoba miiRo
da kargi STabeWdilebac dastova sazogadoebaze. wels ganzraxulia
maisis 26 dResaswaulis didi masStabiT mowyoba. aq rasakvirvelia,
„Sevardeni“ did monawileobas miiRebs, amisaTvis saWiroa Sesaferi
Tanxa. es Tanxa ar aris didi da ganaTlebis saministro am miznisaTvis
Txoulobs 150.000 maneTs.
es Tanxa me mgonia, metad mcire Tanxa aris, saWiroeba ki Txoulobs
mis dakmayofilebas da aucileblad saWiroa misi savsebiT miReba.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis safinanso-sabiujeto komisiis war­
momadgenels b. imnaiSvils.
n. imnaiSvili. safinanso komisia ar aris winaaRmdegi, rom es Tanxa
miRebul iqnes.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva msjelobisaTvis? msurveli aravi­
naa. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? aravin. dekreti
miRebulia Cveulebrivi wesiT da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias.

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 5. dekreti qarT. Sor. wera-k. gam. sazog. gamgeob.
5.000.000 man. sesxis micemisa.

imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) aq gaxlavT warmodgenili saxalxo ganaTlebis

komisiis mier proeqti dekretisa qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gam­
avrcelebel sazogadoebis mTavar gamgeobisaTvis xuT milion maneTis
sesxis micemis Sesaxeb. qarTvelTa Soris w.-k. gam. saz. Cveni eris winaSe
am naxevar saukunis ganmavlobaSi didi damsaxureba miuZRvis. igi mTe­
li am xnis ganmavlobaSi darajaT udga qarTul kulturas da amis gamo
safinanso komisiis mier, gansakuTrebiT im saWiroebis gamo, romelic
exla aqvs am w.-k. g. saz. wignebis gamocemis saqmeSi, es dekreti miiRo.
es gaxlavT sesxi, romelic unda mieces w. k. g. sazogadoebas sami wlis
vadiT. w. k. g. sazogadoebas mraval milionaT Rirebuli qoneba aqvs,
romliTac igi SesZlebs es sesxi uzrunvelyos. maSasadame am mxrivac
es Tanxa daculia, da sakmao garantiaa imisa, rom saxelmwifo bolos
da bolos am sesxs daibrunebs ama Tu im saxiT. w.-k. g. sazogadoebisaT­
vis ki es Tanxa aucilebelia, vinaidan sazogadoebas dRes Tavisufali
Tanxa ar aqvs, rom am mizans moaxmaros. mas surs saxelmZRvaneloebis
gamocema mkvidr niadagze daayenos, es did rols iTamaSebs saxalxo
ganaTlebis saqmeSi, Cvens cxovrebaSi, vinaidan dRes saxalxo pirvel
dawyebiTi skolebs saxelmZRvaneloebi akliaT, da am mosazrebiT sa­
finanso komisiam SesaZloT dainaxa am sesxis gaReba, saxelmwifo kon­
trolic Tanaxmaa, dabrkoleba ar aris da imedia damfuZnebeli krebac
daadasturebs mas.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? msurve­
li aravinaa. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? winaaRmde­
gi aravinaa. (muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti Cveulebriv wesiT
miRebulia damf. krebis mier da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias).

6. dekreti – kanonebis gadamsinjav komisiis daarsebisa.

m. rusia. (s.-d.) mogexsenebaT, rom Cveni respublikis uflebrivi

cxovreba damyarebulia Zveli ruseTis kanon-Semoqmedebaze. es kanon­
mdebloba ar Seefereba im demokratiul principebs, romelsac Cven
vamtkicebT Cveni respublikis cxovrebaSi. amitom saWiroa am Zveli
kanonmdeblobis ZiriTadi gadasinjva. es saqme unda moawesrigos im
komisiam, romelic iqneba daarsebuli iusticiis saministrosTan.
komisiis Semadgenloba iqneba dekretTan erTad wakiTxuli.
Tavmjdomare. sityva baton giorgaZes ekuTvnis.
gr. giorgaZe. (s.-d.) safinanso komisiam ganixila es dekreti da
naxa is Sefardebuli im StatebTan, romelic arsebobs saminitroSi.
saf. komisias am dekretis sawinaaRmdego araferi aqvs.

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 Tavmjdomare. dekretis Sesaxeb sityvas vin inebebs? sityva aravis
surs. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze. (muxlobriv ganxilvis Sem­
deg dekreti miRebul iqna Cveulebrivi wesiT da gadaeca saredaqcio
komisias).
Semdegi sakiTxis Sesaxeb sityva ekuTvnis b. inaiSvils.

7. dekreti – saerobo samkurnalo dawesebulebaTa

sameurneo xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.

n. imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) warmodgenili gaxlavsT Suamdgomloba Sina­

gan-saqmeTa saministrosi, rom damf. krebam. mixeilis saxelobis saa­
vadmyofos, am saavadmyofosTan arsebul suliT avadmyofTa TavSesa­
fris, quTaisis suliT avadmyofTa TavSesafris, olRas saxelobis
institutis da tfilisis davrdomilTa TavSesafris sameurneo xar­
jebis dasafaravad gaiRos sul 7 milioni maneTi.
amas winaT damf. krebam daamtkica Statebi am dawesebulebaTa da
xarjT-aRricxvac imdenad, ramdenadac es Seefereboda Statebs, xolo
sameurneo xarjebi ar daumtkicebia, radganac aseTebi ar yofila ma­
Sin warmodgenili. axla uwyeba Suamdgomlobs, rom sameurneo xar­
jebis dasafaravad iqnas gaRebuli Sesaferisi Tanxa da, vinaidan iq
kritikuli mdgomareobaa, es dekreti, rac SeiZleba Cqara iqnes dada­
sturebuli.
safinanso-sabiujeto komisiam ganixila da saerTod miiRo igi,
Tumca patara Sesworebani Seitana paragrafebSi imdenad, ramdenadac
es Seefereboda zogierT xarjebis Semoklebas. saerTod ki es dekreti
komisiam miiRo, vinaidan cal-calke paragrafebi am dekretSi aravi­
Tar davas ar iwvevs.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis sityvas aravin inebebs.
sit­yva aravis surs. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze.
(muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti Cveulebrivi wesiT miRe­
bul iqna damf. kr. mier da gadaecema saredaqcio komisias).
Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva kalaZes ekuTvnis.

8. dekreti – damf. krebis wevrebis resp. saxaz. rkinis

gzebze mimosvlis uflebis micemisa.

kalaZe. (s.-d.) es dekreti gulisxmobs rom damf. krebis wevrebs

gauadvildes mimosvla, rom amiT damf. krebis wevrebi Tavis amom­
rCevlebTan dakavSirebul iqmnen. es aris mTavari azri am dekreti­
sa. es dekreti sagzao komisiisagan safinanso komisiaSi iyo warmod­
genili. rodesac am dekrets ixilavden, mowveuli iyo gzaTa uwyebis

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warmomadgeneli. is principialurad momxre iyo am dekretisa, xolo
aq texnikuri mosazrebiT gzaTa uwyebis warmomadgeneli moiTxovda,
rom bileTebi ar miscemoda damf. krebis yvela wevrebs, aramed damf.
krebis prezidiums gadascemoda 15-20 usaxelo bileTi, romlebiTac
isargeblebdnen deputatebi. magram es sagzao komisiis mier ar iyo
miRebuli. am dekretis winaaRmdegi ar aris arc saxelmwifo kontro­
li. amrigad es dekreti sagzao komisiis mier miRebulia da vSuamd­
gomlob, rom is iqnes dadasturebuli damfuZnebeli krebis mier.
Tavmjdomare. sityva b. imnaiSvils ekuTvnis.
i. imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) safinanso komisiaSi aRZruli iyo es sakiTxi,
rom damf. krebis yvela wevrebs respublikis yvela rkinis gziT (mxed­
velobaSi iyo miRebuli saxazino rkinis gzebi) ufasod mimosvlis Se­
Zleba hqonodaT. amas sarCulad edo is mosazreba, rom deputatebs,
gansakuTrebiT damf. krebis komisiebis wevrebs, ufro ki damf. kre­
bis mcire komisiebis wevrebs uxdebaT xandaxan (da es movlena am bolo
dros xSiria), Tavisi movaleobis aRsasruleblad tfilisidan wasvla
da damf. krebis ama Tu im davalebis Sesruleba. es sakiTxi idga im far­
glebSi, rom damf. krebis wevrebs, romelnic mcire komisiebSi arian
arCeulni, hqondaT es ufleba. magram, radganac damf. krebis TiTqmis
yvela deputatebs aqvs ase Tu ise es ufleba erTnairi zedamxedvelo­
bisa, rogorc sakanonmdeblo organos wevrebs, amitom es sakiTxi Sem­
deg gavafarToveT da sakiTxi damf. krebis wevrebis Sesaxeb daisva.
maSasadame amas upirveles yovlisa hqonda es praqtikuli xasiaTi,
vinaidgan damf. krebis wevrebs SexvdebaT xSirad am Tavisi movaleo­
bis aRsruleba, amitom maT unda hqondeT saSualeba, rom es movaleoba
aRasrulon da am mxriv isini materialur Seviwroebas ar ganicdiden.
safinanso komisiaSi, maSasadame, es sakiTxi daisva am praqtikuli mo­
sazrebiT, Tumca amas hqvia agreTve erTnairi uflebrivi xasiaTic.
aris qveynebi, sadac parlamentis wevrebs aqvT es ufleba rkinis gziT
ufasod mimosvlisa. es ufleba aqvs imitom, rom igi Tavisi movaleobis
aRsrulebis dros gamoiyenon. amnairad, radganac amas praqtikuli xa­
siaTi hqonda da Semdeg uflebriv sferoSic aris amis gasamarTlebeli
sabuTi, amitom safinanso komisiam saWirod dainaxa es sakiTxi aReZra
damf. krebis prezidiumSi. damfuZ. krebis prezidiums, rogorc komi­
siis prezidiumma moaxsena komisias, es sakiTxi mTavrobisaTvis gadae­
ca. mTavrobam saerTod am azris Sesaxeb Tanxmoba gamoacxada, magram
am Tanxmobas sul sxva forma misca, vidre es iyo warmodgenili saf­
inanso komisiis mier. amis gamo komisiam SeimuSava Tavisi varianti,
Tavisi azri amis Sesaxeb da ase warmoadgina damfuZnebel krebaSi. aq
aris mxedvelobaSi misaRebi ori momenti: erTi is, rom damf. krebis
wevrebs yvelas eZleodes ufasod mimosvlis ufleba da es imitom, rom
amas aqvs gasamarTlebeli sabuTi – praqtikuli mosazreba, romlis
Sesaxebac me mogaxseneT da uflebriv sferoSic aris amis gasamarTle­
beli sabuTi. masasadame saWirod davinaxeT ufaso mimosvlis ufleba

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ara marto damf. krebis mcire komisiis wevrebisaTvis, aramed yvela
deputatebisaTvis, radgan aq aris uflebrivi xasiaTis sakiTxi da am
sferoSi damf. krebis yvela wevri Tanaswori aris.
meore is, rom am dekretiT deputatebs eZleva saSualeba mi­
mosvlisa, Tu ki am sferoSi warmosdgeba raime texnikuri dabrkole­
ba, Tu ara ise araviTari dabrkoleba ar unda arsebobdes, is am mxriv
SezRuduli ar unda iyos. komisiam am ganzraxviT ar ixmara sityve­
bi: „ufaso bileTi“, vinaidan aq Sedis kidev sxva da sxva damatebiTi
xarjebi. am mxriv es „ufaso momosvla“ ufro farToa da farglavs im
mcnebas, romelic komisias hqonda miRebuli mxedvelobaSi cxovreba­
Si gasatareblad. axla am saxiT aris es dekreti warmodgenili da Tu
raime texnikuri dabrkoleba ar iqneba gatarebaSi, unda iqnes is miRe­
buli. da me davalebuli maqvs viSuamdgomlo damf. krebis winaSe, rom
es dekreti iqnes miRebuli im saxiT, ra saxiTac is aris warmodgenili.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi ganxilvisaTvis sityvas xom aravin inebebs?
sityva aravis surs. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze.
(muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti Cveulebrivi wesiT miRe­
bul iqna damf. krebis mier da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva baton iusticiis min­
istrs arseniZes ekuTvnis.

9. miwis Zvrisagan dazaralebulTa komitetis

Tavmjdomaris gancxadeba.

m. arseniZe, iusticiis ministri. moqalaqeno! male meore Tve gadis

mas Semdeg, rac gorSi saSineli tragedia datrialda. Tqven gaxsovT
is saCqaro daxmareba, romelic miiRo saqarTvelos respublikis mTav­
robam da romelmac respublikis gareSe ipova gamoxmaureba. Tqven mo­
gexsenebaT isec, rom mTavrobam pirvel dResve Seadgina gorSi dazara­
lebulTa damxmare komiteti, romlis Tavmjdomareobac me damekisra.
am Jamad Tavdapirveli daxmarebis aRmoCena, romelic aucilebeli
iyo, TiTqmis dasrulebulad SeiZleba CaiTvalos. yovel SemTxvevaSi
gvgonia, rom es pirveli daxmareba damTavrda. me miznaT maqvs am Jamad
warudgino angariSi damfuZnebel krebas, romelmac pirvelad amoiRo
xma da gors pasuxi gasca.
pirvelad yovlisa unda mogaxsenoT is, Tu ra mizani daisaxa
komitetma. umTavresi mizani iyo ara qvelmoqmedeba, aramed sulieri
da zneobrivi amaRleba dazaralebuli xalxisa, maTTvis xelis Sewyo­
ba imisaTvis, rom dangreuli soflebi da qalaqebi isev aeSenebiaT.
amitom daxmarebas ar hqonda xasiaTi individualur qvelmoqmedebi­
sa. ar vexmarebodiT kerZo pirovnebas, erT kacs, imitom, rom es ar
iyo Cveni mTavari mizani. Cveni mTavari mizani iyo zneobrivi dax­
mareba migvewodebia xalxisTvis da igi iseT mdgomareobaSi Cagvey­

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enebia, rom mas SesZleboda mTeli energiiT da ZalRoniT Sedgomo­
da dangreul saxlebis aSenebas. ra Tqma unda Cveulebriv ubralo
qvelmoqmedebas, aqac qonda adgili, magram amas ufro SemTxveviTi
xasiaTi qonda. mTeli Cveni gegma muSaobisa mdgomareobda dangreul
soflebis aRdgenaSi da mcxovreblebis sulier amaRlebaSi. Tavda­
pirvelad rac unda migvewodebia xalxisTvis es iyo rasakvirvelia
sursaT-sanovage da Tavis Sesafari, da Cveni pirveli zrunvac aqeT­
ken iyo mimarTuli. mec aqedan unda daviwyo moxseneba da am saqmes
mivaqcio Tqveni yu­radReba.
pirvel dResve gagzavnili iyo eqimebi rogorc qalaqad, ise so­
flad. avadmyofebi da dasaxiCrebulni igzavneboden sxva da sxva qa­
laqebSi. SesaZlebelia ar iyos saWiro mogaxsenoT sad vin gaigzav­
na, romel soflebidan gaigzavna meti – es mosawyeni iqneba, – magram
mogaxsenebT zogierT mTavar sagnebs, romelic Cven davarigeT, Sei­
Zleba amas qvelmoqmedebiTi xasiaTi hqonda, magram es aucilebeli iyo.
Cven davarigeT ufasoT puri, Saqari, Tevzeuloba, konservebi,
saTfurebi, tyapuWebi da sx. (kiTxulobs). amas garda radganac sasur­
veli iyo gaTboba, Cven ramodenime feCi gavgzavneT da davarigeT. sad­
ac ar iyo SeSa iq aqedan mivitaneT. aseTma zomebma xalxi gadaarCina im
yinvebs da stiqiur ubedurebas, romelic maSin iq datrialda.
sadgurTan iyo gaxsnili erTi sasadilo. qalaqSi da soflebSi
agreTve 3-5 sakvebi punqti gavxseniT. aRsaniSnavia, rom umTavresad
puris daxmareba qalaqs dasWirda, sofelma ki meore dResve iSova sax­
sari. amoTxara ormoebi da Camarxuli xorbali amoiRo, magram avad­
myofoba ufro sofelSi gavrcelda da saeqimo daxmarebac mas meti
eWirveboda, vinaidan iq meti iyo gaWirveba. es aixsneba miT, rom qa­
laqidan avadmyofebi wamoviyvaneT, soflebidan ki ver movaxerxeT.
gzebi ar iyo, zogan Tovli iyo, zogan talaxi. ase, rom marxiliT gvix­
deboda siaruli, naxevrad ki urmiT unda gvetara. aseTi garemoeba
gvaiZulebda adgilobrivad aRmogveCina saeqimo daxmareba. amisaTvis
Cven gavxseniT iq saavadmyofoebi sawolebiT. dRemdis sami saavadmy­
ofo aris gaxsnili. erTi 20 sawoliani gaxsnilia axalqalaqSi, erTi
qarelSi Tavis mowyobilobiT da TeTreulobiT. aq aris eqimi, wamlebi
da sxva medikamentebi, romelic didi xnis ganmavlobaSi eyofaT. sur­
amSi samxedro saavadmyofo gaixsna 100 sawoliT. es aixsneba miT, rom
iq bevri ltolvili aris.
amas garda am Jamad ixsneba da mokle droSi daiwyeba avadmyofebis
miReba mejvrisxevSi. xaSurSiac aris 20 sawoliani saavadmyofo. amaT
mosawyobad gagzavnilia masala da adgilic arCeulia ukve.
es iyo pirveli da umTavresi daxmareba, romelic aRmovuCineT Cven
xalxs. raki am daxmarebaze Camovarda laparaki, mogaxsenebT im wreeb­
sa da jgufebs, romlebmac am mxriv didi daxmareba aRmogviCines. iyo
saeqimo razmi 60 kacisagan Semdgari. Zalian didi daxmareba aRmogviCi­
na studentTa razmma, romelic pirvel dResve gaemgzavra gorSi da

204
ukanasknel dromde TavganwirviT muSaobda iq. amaT daariges Saqari,
puri da yvela Semowiruloba, romelic ki Semovida. didi Tavdavi­
wyebiT muSaobda es jgufi, da siciveSi da yinvaSi asrulebda yvela
davalebas. studentebis razms erT wuTsac ar dausvenia. isxden gorSi
da 1/2 Tvis ganmavlobaSi ganuwyvetliv muSaobden. bevri maTgani sam­
saxurSi iyo sxva da sxva adgilas, miatoves Tavisi adgilebi da xSi­
rad bevrs maTgans rogorc me gavige, amis gamo didi ukmayofilebac
ki Sexvedria adgilebis datovebis gamo, magram me mgonia uwyebebi
yuradRebas miaqceven maT sazogado moRvaweobas da im amags, romel­
ic dasdves maT gorsa da mTel mis raions. ar SeiZleba ar aRiniSnos
am damxmareTa Soris moswavleTa jgufi sadarajo razmis. es mowafeni
yvela jarSi gamovlili iyo da maT Soris Sesisxlxorcebuli qondaT
jaris kacis disciplina. igi miliciasTan erTad icavda qalaqSi wes­
rigs. rom es Tavisufali isec aseTi TavdadebiT ar yofiliyo, Cven ar
SegveZlo gagvekeTebia meoTxedic imisa rac gavakeTeT. ltolvilTa
gadayvan-gadmoyvanaSi didi daxmareba gagviwies adgilobrivma Temeb­
ma begaras mowyobiT, saerobo begarasac xarjebi undoda. es iwvevda
Cveni mxriT sul mcireoden xarjs. Cven vaZlevdiT mxolod puris fass.
SeiZleba es fasi arc yofnida im glexebs, romlebic Cven daxmarebas gvi­
wevden, magram isini mainc exmareboden daRupul soflebs da gadayvan­
daT ltolvilni urmebiT maxlobel soflebSi. amas garda vagonebiTac
davagzavneT: borjomSi, suramSi, tfilisSi da quTaisSi. dawvrilebi­
Ti cnobebi saWiro ar aris, magram umTavres jgufi ltolvilebisa wav­
iyvaneT borjomSi, tfilisSi, suramSi da Semdeg quTaisis guberniaSi.
sul marto tfilisSi gagzavnili iyo 147 vagoni xalxi Tavisi
bargiTa da xabakiT. am xalxis mTeli naxevari TiTqmis sul tfiliss
moawyda. aq bevrs saxli hqonia, bevrs kidev raime kavSiri aqvs
tfilisTan. Zalian xSirad calke literebsac vaZlevdiT da ase gad­
mogvyavda. es xalxi sxva da sxva adgilebSi iyo gagzavnili.
aseTi aris Cveni pirveli daxmareba, romelic Cveni azriT aucile­
beli iyo; martis ocamde gorSi purs ufasod vaZlevdiT, Semdeg es
muSaoba SeCerda, radgan gaCnda patara duqnebi, restornebi da sxva
aseTebi da xalxi TiTon Soulobda purs. unda aRiniSnos is garemoe­
ba, rom bevri Semowiruleba miviReT, umTavresad mTavrobis sawyo­
bebidan, agreTve didZali saqoneli mogvivida germanelebis koloni­
isagan da mravali konservi kooperativebisagan.
iyo kidev texnikuri daxmareba – TavSesafrebis aSeneba, saxlebis
gakeTeba da sxv. pirvel dReebSi rogorc tfilisis samxedro sawyo­
bidan ise adgilobriv gvardiidan iyo gagzavnili mravali iurtebi
da karvebi. TiTqmis 3.000 iyo gagzavnili – nawili TiTon gorSi, naw­
ilic soflebSi. magram, radgan didi siciveebi iyo da autaneli Seiq­
na am karvebSi cxovreba, aucilebeli iyo xis barakebis aSeneba. Cven
miviReT 40 vagoni daxerxili tyis masala borjomidan da am masaliT
avaSenoT saxlebi sxva da sxva dawesebulebebisaTvis. zogierTma dawe­

205
sebulebam TiTon aiSena sadgomi. Cven, rasakvirvelia, vexmarebodiT
masaliT. erobam TiTon gaiSena didi barakebi. amgvarad iqna dabina­
vebuli xalxi. soflebSi moewyo vrceli da didi barakebi, im ganzrax­
viT, rom xalxi erTad icxovrebda, magram aRmoCnda, rom soflis xalxs
erTad cxovreba ar surs, aramed calke, Tavis sakuTar binaze urCev­
nia. Cvenc davexmareT sofels da patara qoxebs uwyobT. adgilobrivi
glexobac exmareba mezoblebs da amgvari patara sacxovrebeli binebi
TandaTan keTdeba. ase moewyo da exlac ewyoba TavSesafris saqme.
Semdegi muSaoba, romelic unda warmoebuliyo qalaqad da so­
flad, es iyo uzrunvelyofa adamianisa Semdegi dazaralebisagan da
ubedurebisagan. bevri dazianebuli saxli da quCebi iyo gasawmendi.
amisaTvis gagzavnili iyo komisia, romelsac texnikuri ganyofileba
xelmZRvanelobda. am ganyofilebam awarmova es muSaoba, Cven ki saer­
To xelmZRvaneloba vikisreT. ai ra gakeTda gorSi da mis axlo-maxlo
mdebare soflebSi. aq iyo razmi, romelsac axlda sapiorebi da tex­
nikebi umaRles kursebis zogierTi mowafe texnikosi, romlebic ex­
mareboden saxlebis dangrevaSi. sul gorSi 300 kedeli daangries, es
imitom, rom isini imdenad iyven dazianebuli, rom did safrTxes war­
moadgenden. Semdeg Senobebidan nivTebi iyo gamosatani. sul 11 mil.
Rirebulobis sxva da sxva nivTebi iqna gamotanili. amas garda awer­
ilia mTeli qalaqis Senobebi. yvela Senobebi dayofili iyo 4 kate­
goriad: pirveli, romelic gadarCa dauzianebeli, meore – romelsac
mcire remonti sWirdeba, mesame – romelic did remontsa da SekeTe­
bas moiTxovs da meoTxe – romelic sul dangreulia. amaTSi pirveli
kategoriis ar aRmoCnda da arc erTi saxli. meore kategoriis sax­
lebi, romelsac mcire SekeTeba sWirdeba – 3 procents Seadgens. me­
same, romelic did remonts moiTxovs – 41 proc. Seadgens. Senobebis
ori mesamedi sruliad dangreulia, es nangrevebi mxolod qvis mas­
alad gamodgeba. zaralis raodenoba navaraudevia, Tumca metad Zne­
lia gamoangariSeba, saerTod SeiZleba iTqvas, rom goris zarali
1/2 miliard man. aRemateba. exla aseTive cnobebs mogaxsenebT mazris
Sesaxeb. umTavresad soflebi dazaralda, Tumca yvela sofeli erT­
nairad ar dazaralebula. aucilebeli Seiqna texnikuri daxmareba,
texnikebis miyvana. me im soflebze mogaxsenebT, romelic texikosebis
da inJinrebis mier gamokvleulia. aseTi sofeli aris sul 54. am so­
flebSi saWiro iyo barakebis aSeneba da texnikur gamokvlevis mox­
dena. amaSi dangreulTa ricxvs 14 proc. Seadgens. unda daingres 52
proc., radgan maTi SekeTeba mainc ar SeiZleba. SekeTeba ar SeiZleba
33 procentisa, e. i. SesakeTeblad gamodgeba saxlebis erTi mesamedi.
rom SekeTeba ar sWirdebodes aseTi saxli sruliad ar aris. aris so­
flebi, sadac yvela saxlebi dangreulia, zogan ki ori an sami wili.
16 sofelSi zeze darCa mxolos 30 proc. maT xelaxla aSenebas, daax­
lovebiT rom viangariSoT, naxevari miliardi man. dasWirdeba. da Tu
sxva zaralic miumateT, unda vsTqvaT, rom sofels ara nakleb erTi

206
miliardis zarali mouvida. saerTod sul mcire ori miliardi zara­
li unda viangariSoT.
Cven movaxdineT statistikuri aRwera mTeli raionisa, es ga­
morkveva Sinagan-saqmeTa saministrosTan arsebulma statistikur­
ma ganyofilebam moaxdina. aris saerTo ruqa miwis Zvris raionebi­
sa, sadac aRniSnulia Tu sad rogori zarali aris miyenebuli; aq am
ruqaze (aCvenebs ruqas) aris naCvenebi gori da misi mdebare axlo
soflebi: zogan axlobeli soflebi nakleb dazaralebulia Soreu­
li ki sruliad dangreulia. am gvarad statistikurma gamokvlevam
mogvca dawvrilebiTi cnobebi, sadac aRniSnulia TiTo sofelSi ram­
deni aris dangreuli da sx. q. goris Sesaxeb statistikuri cnobebis
mokreba Zneli iyo, radganac mcxovreblebi maSinve gaifantnen. rac
Seexeba soflebs, es cnobebi mezoblebis CvenebiT mogrovda da amitom
igi sul simarTles SeiZleba ar Seefereba. es gaxlavT sruli statis­
tikuri cnoba soflebisa. aqve aris aRniSnuli ra dakarges mcxovre­
blebma, Tu ramdeni saqoneli imsxverpla miwis Zvram. TviTeuli sax­
lis aRwera sruliad dawvrilebiT aris.
amas garda adgilobrivi niadagis gamosarkvevad texnikur geolo­
giuri komisia iyo gagzavnili. mis movaleobas Seadgenda gamoer­
kvia, Tu ra xasiaTis iyo miwis Zvra, rogori msvleloba qonda mas da
sx. vinaidan am komisiis muSaoba jer ar damTavrebula, amitom mas
dawvrilebiTi cnobebi ar warmoudgenia, mxolod me moviTxove zo­
gierTi winaswari cnobebi da zogi ram gamoirkva, winaswari cnobebi
TiTqmis yvela soflebSi aris Sekrebili. aq aris dawvrilebiTi
daskvna Tu rogori xasiaTi qonda miwis Zvras TviTeul sofelSi da
rogori saxlebi daingra da rogori saxlebi unda aSendes momaval­
Si. geologiur komisiis azriT, zogierT soflebSi xis Senobebi unda
aSendes, xolo zogierT soflebSi SesaZlod scnobs qvis Senobis
aSenebas. TviT gori dayofilia raionebad da naCvenebia Tu rogori
iyo miwis Zvris xasiaTi. dawvrilebiT amas ar CamogiTvliT, sxvaTa
Soris aq aris naCvenebi, rom zogierTi soflebi sruliad unda iqnes
moSlili da Senobebi maxlobel adgilas gadatanili, rogorc mag.
oxera, xidis Tavi, ateni, goris jvari. danarCenis Sesaxeb naTqvamia,
rom SeiZleba maT Zvel adgilze iqve gaSeneba, magram geologiuri
komisiis azriT sruliad axa­li planiT. zogierT soflebSi SeiZleba
ubralo texnikosebma gaaSenon es saxlebi, radganac erTnairi garan­
tia da ubralo texnikosebis planic gamodgeba. zogierT soflebSi
ki komisia Txoulobs saxlebis aSenebisaTvis iyos mowveuli geolo­
gebi, specialistebi.
geologebis azriT, miwis Zvras tevtoniuri xasiaTi qonda. me amis
specialisti ara var da araferi mesmis am dargSi, amboben rom miwis
gulSi carieli adgilebia da radganac miwa iwevs zeviT an ganze, rom
carieli adgilebi amoavsos, miwa iZvris. am specialur gamokvlevas
ar aqvs mniSvneloba CvenTvis garda im xasiaTisa, romelic miiRo am mi­

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wis Zvram. aris erTi centri adgili saidanac daiwyo miwis Zvra, gori­
sa da rkinis xidis Sua, sadac erTvis mtkvars liaxvi. am centridan
gavrcelda miwis Zvra sxva adgilebSi. am specialur qartaze aris na­
Cvenebi mimarTuleba am miwis Zvrisa (aCvenebs qartaze). ai aqedan dai­
wyo da gavrcelda am raionebze. mimarTulebis xazi aris aRniSnuli
da amis dagvarad aris mocemuli qartaze, rogori iyo talRa. zogi­
erT adgilebSi man Zlieri gavlena moaxdina, zogierT adgilebSi ki
susti, esec aris aRniSnuli cal-calke yvela soflisaTvis. geologi­
uri muSaoba am Jamad damTavrebuli ar aris. saWiroa rkinis gzis li­
andagis gamokvleva. saWiroa garkveva ramdenad Caiwia Tu aiwia rkinis
gzam. amis gamorkveva SesaZlebeli yofila da komisia male Seudgeba
mis gamorkvevasac. amasTanave dadgmuli iqneba ramdenime seismuri
sadguri, vinaidan miwis Zvra dRevandlamde grZeldeba. gorSi miwis
Zvra kidev moxda, kedlebi kidev Camoingra, cxadia, rom adgilobriv
unda daidgas aparatebi, romelic mas aRniSnaven. Cven gveqneba sa­
Sualeba SevadginoT da gamovakvlioT mimdinareoba miwis Zvrisa. es
muSaoba maxlobel droSi iqneba damTavrebuli.
ai yvelaferi, rac gakeTda dRevandlamdis. xalxi wayvanil-wamoy­
vanilia da saWiroa vizrunoT exla momaval gegmaze. momaval muSao­
bisaTvis Cven gvaqvs Semdegi gegma: unda iqnes SemuSavebuli special­
uri planebi soflebisa da qalaqis gasaSeneblad. zogierTi nawili
gorisa sruliad unda moiSalos da axali SemuSavdes. Semdeg momaval
aRmSeneblobisaTvis saWiroa Semdegi: Cven unda davexmaroT soflis
mcxovrebT inJinrebis da texnikosebis gagzavniT. winaswari muSaobi­
saTvis saWiroa viyolioT soflebSi sakmao inJinrebi, romlebic ga­
nixilaven saxlis patronebis mier warmodgenils gegmebs da Sesafer
daskvnas miscemen. yvela amisaTvis ganzraxuli gvaqvs movawyoT saer­
To mmarTveloba 3 texnikosiT da 2 mxazveli. centrSi, qalaqSi iqne­
ba 1 inJineri da 2 texnikosi, mazraSi ki sul 15 texnikosi. vinaidan
soflebSi TavisiT gegmas ver SeimuSaveben, texnikosebma unda aRmou­
Cinon mcxovrebT daxmareba, aRmSeneblobaSi, ise unda moewyos saqme,
rom Semodgomamde, dazamTrebamde, mcxovreblebma moaxerxon binebSi
Tavis Sefareba.
sulieri ganwyobileba kargia, ukve Seudgen miwis damuSavebas, da
roca am muSaobidan Tavisufali dro eqnebaT, isini Seudgebian binebis
agebas. amas garda Cven gvaqvs gegma damuSavebuli qalaqTa kavSiris tex­
nikuri ganyofilebis mier. yvelani saerTo gegmas imuSaveben, SemuSave­
bulia savaldebulo dadgenileba, romliTac unda ixelmZRvanelon
dangrevisa da aSenebis dros. es dadgenileba Semdeg gamoqveynebuli
iqneba da es savaldebulo dadgenileba gamodgeba ara marto dazara­
lebul adgilebisaTvis, aramed mTeli saxelmwifosaTvis, vinaidan
miwis Zvra mTel amier-kavkasiaSi aris mosalodneli, amitom es saval­
debulo dadgenileba yvelasaTvis sasargebloa da zedmeti ar iqneba
seismur gamZle Senobebis ageba yvelasTvis. amgvarad xvalidan iqneba

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gamocxadebuli konkursi seismur gamZle Senobebis gegmebze. gansa­
kuTrebuli tipis Senobebi sWirdeba soflebs. Semdeg erTi am tipTa­
gani iqneba gamoqveynebuli soflad. Semdeg Tanaxmad miwad-moqmedebis
saministrosTan molaparakebisa, soflelebs mivawodebT tyis masalas,
an maT mivcemT saSualebas masalis tyidan gamotanisa. Cven ar gvaqvs
survili auarebeli tye davxarjoT da Cven aseTi amocana gaveciT, rom
maT SeimuSavon tipi saxlisa, sadac xesTan erTad gamoyenebuli iqne­
ba qvac, aguric. amisda mixedviT xarji Sesustdeba da Semcirdeba.
aqve unda aRvniSno: gavrcelebulia xmebi auarebel Semowiruloba­
ze. Semowirulebis mogroveba davalebuli qonda sagangebo komisias,
romelsac Tavmjdomareobs iv. gomarTeli. garda im Tanxisa, romelic
gadasdo damf. krebam, TiTon komitetma miiRo 2 milionze meti. es xar­
jebi am Tanxidan aris gaweuli da auarebeli xarjebi aRunusxvelia.
Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi saqonels, tanisamoss, romelic davarigeT
mcxovrebTa Soris, saerTo xarjT-aRricxva udris 20-30 milions, gar­
da am Tanxisa nivTierad mcxovrebT Cven meti daxmareba aRmouCineT.
marto puri aris daxarjuli (kiTxulobs), Saqari, medikamentebi, dai­
xarja 1 milionis. saavadmyofoebis saWiro mowyobileba gamotanili
gvaqvs wiTeli jvridan da momaragebis komitetidan. aqve unda aRvniS­
noT is garemoeba, rom am muSaobisaTvis ar yofila Seqmnili sagange­
bo, gansakuTrebuli aparati garda imisa, rom gvyavda eqimi zandukeli
da masTan kancelariis moxele 2-3 kaci. mTeli es muSaoba adgilobriv
organizaciebis saSualebiT gatarda. erobaTa kavSiri iyo mTavari
aparati, romelic saerTo gegmis mixedviT muSaobda. rasakvirvelia
am dawesebulebas me madlobas ar veubnebi, vinaidan es maTi movaleoba
aris, magram unda aRvniSno, rom es movaleoba aRasrules sruli moqa­
laqeobis pasuxismgeblobis da Rirsebis dacviT.
Tavmjdomare. Tanaxmad Tqven mier miRebul winadadebisa, saboloo
teqstebs mogaxseneben axlave. sityva qr. SaraSiZis asuls ekuTvnis.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli. (kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigSi moTavsebul da
miRebul sakanonmdeblo aqtebis saboloo teqstebs, romelsac dam­
fuZnebeli kreba amtkicebs ukamaTod.
Semdeg mdivani kiTxulobs azerbaijanis respublikis parlamen­
tis ama wlis martis 9-is sagangebo sxdomis rezolucias yarsis olqsa
da erevnis guberniaSi somex-TaTarTa Soris momxdar sisxlis Rvris
Sesaxeb.
am sakiTxis Sesaxeb ganmartebas iZleva Tavmjdomare, rom prezid­
iums sasurvelaT miaCnia am sakiTxisaTvis daniSnuli iqnes saswrafo
sxdoma sxdomebis dawyebamdeo. Tavmjdomare acxadebs, rom Semosulia
s.-dem. winadadeba, rom am sakiTxis Sesaxeb dainiSnos saswrafo sxdoma
dRes saRamoso. damfuZ. kreba am windadebas ukamaTod iRebs.
Semdeg mdivani kiTxulobs senatis Tavmjdomaris monawers da mas­
Tan darTul senatorebis qiqoZisa da zurabiSvilis gancxadebas sen­
atoris Tanamdebobisagan ganTavisuflebis Sesaxeb. damfuZ. kreba ad­

209
gens senatorTa qiqoZisa da zurabiSvilis gancxadebani miRebul iqnes
da gadaeces iuridiulsa sarekomendacio komisiaso kandidatebis da­
sasaxeleblad.
Tavmjdomare acxadebs, rom Semosulia s.-dem. fraqciis winadade­
ba – Semdegi sxdoma dainiSnos ama aprilis 20-sTvis. damfuZnebeli
kreba am winadadebas ucvlelad iRebs.
mdivani kiTxulobs aprilis 20-is morigi sxdomis dRiur wesrigs.
Tavmjdomare sxdomas naSuadRevis 3 1/2 saaTze xuravs.

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 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

meaTe sagangebo sxdoma

(10)

1920 weli. aprilis 8 (s aRamo). tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. azerbaijanis respublikis parlamentis 1920 wlis, martis 9-is

sagangebo sxdomis rezoliuciis ganxilva.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris ufr. amxanagi

al. lomTaTiZe.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivani k. jafariZe.
prezidiumSi aris qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
sxdoma iwyebs saRamos 9 s. da 5 wuT.
Tavmjdomare. sxdoma gaxsnili gaxlavT. gansaxilvelia azerbai­
janis respublikis parlamentis sagangebo sxdomis mier miRebuli
rezoliucia. teqsts rezoliuciisas mdivani mogaxsenebT.
mdivani (kiTxulobs):
„movismineT ra mTavrobis saboloo ganmarteba im sakiTxze, rome­
lic dausves parlamentis wevrebs yarsis da erevnis olqebSi momxdar
sisxlis Rvris Sesaxeb; miviReT ra mxedvelobaSi somxeTis respublik­
is agresiuli moqmedebani, romelnic gamoixatebian mahmadianTa upa­
trono mosaxleobis gawyvetaSi, rasac Sedegad mosdevs mahmadianTa
mravali aTasebis miwasTan gasworeba, da vsTvliT ra sazRvrebis da
teritoriis sakiTxis amnair gadaWras amier-kavkasiis damoukidebel
respublikaTa Soris mavneT da demokratiul principebis sawinaaRm­
degod da agreTve saxifaTod revoliuciis monapovaris da amier-ka­
vkasiis respublikebTa damoukideblobisa, gamovsTqvamT msoflio
demokratiis winaSe da maT Soris kavkasiisac, energiul protests
somxeTis mTavrobis moqmedebis winaaRmdeg; uflebiT vmosavT parla­

211
mentis prezidiums mimarTos protestiT am sakiTxis Taobazed kul­
turul xalxTa parlamentebs, raTa moxdenil iyos saTanado gavle­
na erevnis mTavrobaze da moviTxovT ra mTavrobisagan gadamwyvet
zomebs sicocxlis, pirovnebis pativis da dazaralebulTa qonebis
uzrunvel-sayofad, parlamenti gadadis morig saqmeebzed“.
Tvmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis damf. krebis wevrs baton Cxenkels.
akaki Cxenkeli (s.-d.) moqalaqeno! me unda mogaxsenoT, rom is, rac
xdeba yarabaRSi, es traRikuli movlena, ra Tqma unda, ver miewereba
savsebiT ama Tu im pirovnebas, ama Tu im mTavrobas. amis mizezebi, sam­
wuxarod Cvenda, aris ufro Rrma da ufro Zlieri. rogorc TaTre­
bis, ise somxebis fsiqologia mowamluli, moSxamuli aris. es aris Se­
degi didi xnis nacionalistur, Sovinistur politikisa, romelsac
awarmoebda rogorc erTi, ise meore mxare. es politika gadmonergi­
li aris osmaleTidan. swored is autaneli mdgomareoba, romelSiac
imyofeboden qristiani erebi osmaleTSi, qmnida iseTs fsiqologias,
romlis drosac sasicocxlo sakiTxebi iWreba xmliT, iWreba Zveli
meTodiT, aziuri meTodiT da ara evropiuli meTodiT. da swored am­
itom iyo, rom egred wodebuli wiTeli sulTani abdul hamidi ambob­
da, rom somxeTis sakiTxis gadaWra SeiZleba mxolod da marto som­
xis eris mospobiTo, rac, saubedurod, osmaleTis baton-patronebma
TavianT sazRvrebSi TiTqmis ganaxorcieles. rusTis Zvelma reJimma
swored es meTodi gadmonerga CvenSi. Tqven gaxsovT somex-TaTarTa
xocva-Jleta pirvel revoliuciis dros da maSin Cven vambobdiT da
vamtkicebdiT, rom mizezi amisa aris ruseTis Zveli reJimi. Cven is ga­
mogvyavda, rogorc damnaSave, mas vsvamdiT damnaSavis skamze. da amaSi
Cven mxars gvaZlevda mTeli ruseTis demokratia. magram, samwuxarod
da saubedurod Cvenda, Turme vcdebodiT, vinaidan amis mizezi yofi­
la ara marto ruseTis Zveli reJimi, aramed mizezi yofila is, rom es
saxelmwifoebi maSinac ki, roca isini Tavisufalni arian, roca isini
TviTon arian Tavis sazRvrebSi pasuxismgebelni, maSinac ki am meTo­
diT xelmZRvaneloben. me ar SemiZlia vrclad Sevexo im ubedurebas,
romelic xdeba yarabaRSi – sisxlis Rvras, xocva-Jletas. me ar Semi­
Zlian vrclad SevCerde imaze, Tu ra xdeboda iq. unda aRvniSno, rom
ltolvili musulmanebi Cven Zalian bevri gvyavda axalcixis mazraSi
da Cven maT vapurebdiT am Cveni krizisis dros. aqac igive Jleta da
xocva iyo, maSasadame movlena erTi da igive aris xmarebuli. Cven ar
SegviZlia vsTqvaT, rom erTi aris damnaSave da meore marTali. me mgo­
nia, rom, Tu am saqmeSi SesaZlebelia damnaSavis Zebna – me vambob, rom
isini oriveni arian damnaSaveni da es imdenad, ramdenadac isini mimar­
Taven am meTods. es metad saxifaTo aris, metad saSiSi orive saxelmwi­
fosaTvis, es aris cecxlTan TamaSi, es aris iseTi ram, romelsac Cven
didi angariSi unda gauwioT.
Tqven gaxsovT, rom Cven gvqonda erT dros mTliani saxelmwifo,
konfederacia amir kavkasiisa. Tqven gaxsovT, rom Semdeg es saxelm­

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wifo daingra. konfederacia daangria gareSe Zalam. gaxsovT Tqven
baTomis xana, roca erTs saxelmwifoSi ver moTavsdnen es erebi, roca
uTanxmoebiT isargebla Cvenma mtrebma da miT man SesZlo dangreva am
saxelmwifosi. dRes gana ukeTesi pirobebi aris? me vambob, rom dRes
uaresi pirobebi aris. maSin amier-kavkasias emuqreboda mteri erTis
mxridan, exla ki mas mteri ori mxridan emuqreba. rogorc osmaleTi,
ise CrdiloeTis baton-patroni ver urigdeba mis damoukideblobas,
mis Tavisuflebas. da sworeT am dros am or mezobels SesaZleblad
miaCnia, rom aseTi meTodiT gadasWras sadao sakiTxebi. Tu isini ar
iTvaliswineben imas, Tu ra moelis erTsac da meoresac, Tu, magaliT­
ad somxeTs ara aqvs gaTvaliswinebuli rogorc erTi, ise meore, rom
mis zurgs ukan aris igive mtrebi, romelmac daangria amier-kavkasi­
is respublika, Tu aderbaijans ara aqvs gaTvaliswinebuli, rom mis
zurgs ukan aris momdgari axali Zala, imperialisturi Zala, imitom,
rom bolSevizmi romelic gadmodis Cvens sazRvrebze, es aris mxolod
imperialisturi Zala, radgan masSi natamalic ki ar aris social­
istur saxelmwifosi, Tu yvela es aviwydebaT maT, me maSin ar mesmis,
rogor fiqroben isini sazogadoT TavianTi Tavisuflebisa da da­
moukideblobis damkvidrebas, da demokratiuli principebis ganmt­
kicebas. me vfiqrob, rom somxeTs unda axsovdes is kavSiri, romelic
arsebobs azerbaijanis da moskovs Soris. me vfiqrob, somxeTs unda
axsovdes, rom bolSevizmis amier-kavkasiaSi Semosvla moaswavebs
somxeTis sakiTxis ise gadaWras, rogorc es gadasWres axalgazrda
Turqebma osmaleTSi. amave dros me vfiqrob, rom aderbaijans unda
axsovdes, rom bolSevizmi baqoSi es ar aris mxolod socialisturi
bolSevizmi, vinaidan masSi socialisturi elementi ukve gaqra da es
mxolod sagareo politikisTvis aris xmarebuli. maTSi aris mxolod
nacionalisturi elementi. maSasadame es iqneba igive taqtika bol­
Sevizmisa, romelmac erTxel miwasTan gaaswora baqo. me vfiqrob da
es maT unda axsovdeT da yovel SemTxvevaSi ar unda aviwydebodeT
rom, bolSevizmi Tavis qveyanaSi, rogorc viciT, socialistur mim­
dinareobas aRar warmoadgens. maTi gancxadebidan ukve aSkarad sCans
maTi nacionalisturi zraxva. magram Tqven gaxsovT, rom nikoloz
meore iniciatori iyo haagis sazavo konferenciisa. ase aris, roca
bolSevizmi Tavis revoliucionur frazeologiaSi umaspinZldeba
CamorCenil aziis qveynebs. es moaswavebs imas, rasac moaswavebda ni­
koloz meoris iniciativa haagis sazavo konferenciaSi. Cveni meTodi
nacionalur teritorialur sakiTxebis gadaWrisa aris ukve cnobi­
li. Cven viyaviT Tavidanve im azrisa, rom es sakiTxi unda gadiWras
urTi erT Soris SeTanxmebiT, unda iyos cnobili kulturuli zome­
bi. saca SeTanxmeba ar xdeba, es unda gadasWras mesamem, es gadaiWre­
ba arbitraJis saSualebiT. es aris erTad erTi saSualeba, romel­
sac SeuZlian xeli Seuwyos rogorc Cvens damoukideblobas, agreTve
Cvens keTil mezoblur ganwyobilebis ganmtkicebas. Cven erTmaneTze

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varT damokidebulni da es Cveni meTodi iyo xmarebuli jer kidev
pirvel revoliuciis dros. Tqven gaxsovT, rodesac jer kidev ruse­
Tis farglebSi viyaviT, gaxsovT Tu ara ra roli iTamaSa saqarTve­
los demokratiam somex-TaTarTa Jletis dros aq, tfilisSi. man ar
dazoga Tavisi Tavi, da es barbarosuli moZraoba Caaqro msxverplis
dauzogavaT. es roli, Cvens demokratias mSvenivrad aqvs Segnebuli.
warsul kviras aq iyo mitingebi, romelSic monawileobas Rebulobda
Segnebuli muSaTa klasi Cveni deda qalaqisa. iq iyo warmoTqmuli si­
tyvebi, iyo miRebuli rezoliucia. me vfiqrob ar aris saWiro amaze
sityvis gagrZeleba. Cven viciT Tu ra azrisa iyo da aris am ambebis
Sesaxeb Cveni demokratia, Cven viciT, rom saqarTvelos demokratia ar
Ralatobs Tavis keTil mezoblur tradiciebs, romelsac jer kidev
1905 w. Cauyara saZirkveli. Cven viciT am demokratiis azri, romelic
am mitingebze gamoiTqva. amaze axla SeCereba ar aris saWiro. me vityvi
mxolod, rom es tradicia unda gaiziaros rogorc Cvenma mTavrobam,
ise damfuZnebelma krebam. me vTqvi, rom saSinao politika unda eTanx­
mebodes sagareo politikas da swored aseTi iyo Cveni politika.
Tu rogor iyo warmodgenili sagareo politika es Tqven aq adg­
ilobrivad Cemze ukeT iciT, magram sazRvar-gared Cveni delegacia
yovel zomas xmarobda, rom moewyo solidaruli gamosvlebi amier-ka­
vkasiis respublikebisa. mas kargad hqonda Segnebuli Tu ra mniSvnelo­
ba aqvs am solidarobas yvela respublikisaTvis. Tqven dameTanxmebiT
imaSi, rom samive respublika, misi warmomadgenlebi rom yofiliyvnen
solidarulad TavianT gamosvlebSi, is saerTaSoriso sakiTxi, ro­
melic Tqvens winaSe sdgas, ukve gadaWrili iqneboda. samive respub­
lika iqneboda cnobili ara marto faqtiurad, aramed iuridiulad­
ac. Cveni saerTaSoriso mdgomareoba mtkice iqneboda, vinaidan maSin
didi saxelmwifoebi, romelnic sWrian beds patara saxelmwifoebisas,
dainaxavden, rom amier-kavkasiaSi arseboben Sesaferi saxelmwifoebi,
romelnic muSaoben SeTanxmebulad da gamodian, rogorc erTi saxel­
mwifo saerTaSoriso asparezze, maT sxva gza ar eqnebodaT, rom es ar
daedasturebinaT. me vambob gadaWriT, rom is siZnele, romelic Tan
axlavs baTomis sakiTxis gadaWras, dRes aRar iqneboda CvenTvis. ma­
gram es samwuxarod ar moxda. me kategoriulad vacxadeb, rom Cveni
delegacia cdilobda, ar yofila arc erTi iseTi yriloba, sadac ar
moewvia somxeTis da azerbeijanis warmomadgenlebi. Tqven iciT, rom
Cveni delegacia gamodioda baltiis mxaris delegaciasTan erTad sxva
da sxva sakiTxebSi. magaliTad, rodesac umaRlesma, egred wodebul­
ma xuTTa sabWom gagzavna depeSa kolCakTan – maSin vilsoni parizSi
iyo – da kolCakis mTavroba cnobili iyo, rogorc ruseTis mTavro­
ba. ai amis winaaRmdeg saWiro iyo protesti. amaSi monawileoba miiRo
ruseTisagan gamoyofilma yvela respublikis delegaciam. maT Soris
ver dainaxavdiT mxolod somxeTis delegacias. ar yofila arc erTi
sakiTxi, sadac delegaciebi gamodioden, rom iq somxeTis delegacia

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yofiliyo. ar SeiZleba iTqvas, rom azerbeijanis delegacia gamodi­
oda CvenTan erTad.
Cven gvindoda gveCvenebina evropisaTvis erTi fizionomia. ai mag­
aliTad, roca Cveni da azerbeijanis damoukidebloba iyo cnobili,
maSin ar yofila cnobili somxebis damoukidebloba. mxolod Semdeg
icnes. Cven rom gavigeT faqti Cveni damoukideblobis cnobisa uma­
Rlesi sabWos mier, sadac iyo miwveuli azerbeijanis da saqarTvelos
delegaciebi am umaRles sabWoSi Cveni delegaciis warmomadgenelma
dasva sakiTxi somxeTis damoukideblobis aRiarebisa. man ganacxada,
rom Cven ara gvaqvs warmodgenili Cveni damoukidebloba ise, Tu ar
iqna cnobili somxeTis damoukideblobao.
Cven ase gvesmoda Cveni muSaoba maSinac ki, rodesac CvenTan ar
muSaobden. Cven gvindoda gamtkicebuliyo damoukidebloba da Tavi­
sufleba ara marto Cveni, aramed Cveni mezoblebisac, vinaidgan amas
aqvs Cveni momavlisaTvis didi mniSvneloba, vinaidan Cven mezoblebi
varT da mezobelTa Soris unda iyos kargi ganwyobileba. aseTia mora­
li ganviTarebul xalxisa. es imitom aris, moqalaqeno, mniSvnelovani,
rom erTi-meoreze saCivari, erTi-meoris winaaRmdeg gamolaSqre­
ba saerTaSoriso asparezze did xifaTs umzadebs amier-kavkasias. es
moaswavebs amier-kavkasiis balkanizacias. Tu amier-kavkasia Cadgeba
iseT pirobebSi, rogorSiac iyo balkaneTi, daijereT, rom maSin Cveni
Tavisufleba, damoukidebloba did xifaTSi Cavardeba. unda ufrTx­
odeT amas. Cven saSinao sadao saqmeebSi gareSe Zalis Carevas unda
veridebodeT. Cven sazogadod viyaviT winaaRmdegi Carevisa agreTve
ruseTis saqmeebSi. miT ufro unda viyveT winaaRmdegi Cvens saqmeebSi
Carevisa, vinaidan, daijereT, Tu tfilissa, baqosa da erevanSi siwyn­
are ar aris, amier-kavkasia iseTi mniSvnelovania evropisa da azii­
saTvis – es winadac esmodaT – rom SeuZlebelia uyuradRebod darCes
es, da Tu yuradReba miaqcies, es moaswavebs imas, rom amis Sedegebi
iqneba mavne mTeli Cveni amier-kavkasiis respublikebisaTvis. amitom
vambobT Cven, rom es sakiTxi Cvenc gvexeba da daJinebiT moviTxovT,
rom igi gadaiWras ise, rogorc iyo ganzraxuli noembris SeTanxme­
biT. ueWvelad unda moxdes urTierT Soris SeTanxmeba. unda moxdes
am sakiTxis gadaWra ara abdul-hamidis meTodiT, aramed wesier, evro­
piuli demokratiuli meTodiT. swored im demokratiuli meTodiT,
romelzedac laparakobs mimarTva. me pirdapir unda ganvacxado, rom
konferenciebi, romelic iyo mowveuli Cveni mTavrobis meTaurobiT,
ver gamodga nayofieri, magram mas hqonda aseTi Tu iseTi Sedegi. es
Sedegi iyo noembris SeTanxmeba. aq kidev unda moxdes konferencia.
unda daisvas es sakiTxi. Cven skeptikurad vuyurebT am konferencias,
vinaidan vinc am konferencias unda daeswros, is ar mova aq im Seg­
nebiT da politikiT, romelic aq aris am mimarTvaSi gatarebuli, e. i.
gaatareben aRmosavleTis politikas, diplomatias. CvenTvis saWiro
aris – Tu es sazogadod saWiroa – evropiuli diplomatia. saWiroa,

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rom naTlad da aSkarad daisvas sakiTxi da gadaiWras ise, rogorc
sasargebloa yvelasaTvis da gansakuTrebiT am ori respublikisaT­
vis. roca es ori mTavroba, es parlamentebi fiqroben sisxlis RvriT,
­xmliT gadaWras nacionaluri sakiTxisas, me eWvi Semaqvs, arian Tu ara
isini momxreni Tavisi damoukideblobisa? maSin maT unda Seignon, rom
is, rac dRes iq xdeba – es aris fesvebis gamoTxra, rogorc damoukide­
blobis, ise Tavisuflebisa. Cvenma parlamentma, damfuZnebelma krebam
unda erTxmad aRiaros, unda mosTxovos maT, rom sadao sakiTxebi ga­
dasWran im meTodebiT, romelsac Cven mudam vukarnaxebdiT, vinaidan
sxva gamosavali ar arsebobs arc maTTvis, arc CvenTvis. sanam amas ar
Seigneben, aseT momarTviT SeuZlebelia rame gakeTdes. erTi ram Sei­
Zleba mxolod gakeTdes. es is, rom, rodesac erT momCivans gamoutanT
msjavrs, gamoCndeba mesame piri, rac Cven ar gvinda. Cven gvinda Cvenve
viyoT mWedeli Cveni momavlisa, Cveni damoukideblobisa da Cveni Tav­
isuflebisa. (taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva baton veSapels ekuTvnis.
gr. veSapeli. (nac.-p.) batonebo! interesi saqarTvelosi sazo­
gadod da saqarTvelos damfuZnebel krebisa kerZod im ambebisadmi,
romlebic exeba yarabaRSi, zangezurSi, yarsis olqSi da saerTod
som­xebis da TaTrebis sazRvarze xdeba, aris imdenad didi, rom, kidec
rom ar moemarTa CvenTvis romelime mxares, Cven am ambebis Sesaxeb
Cveni azri mainc unda gveTqva. Tavis Tavad cxadia, rom exlandel
pirobebSi TaTrebis da somxebis Cveulebrivi uTanxmoeba, sisxlis
Rvra iRebs namdvil omis xasiaTs. dRes, rodesac erTis mxriv ruse­
Ti, Tavis sababsa da mizezs eZebs, rom kavkasiis qeds aqeT ruseTis saq­
meebis keTeba daiwyos, Tavis Tavad cxadia, rom omi azerbaijansa da
somxeTs Soris iqneba erTi saukeTeso saSualebaTagani imisaTvis, rom
ama Tu im saxiT ruseTis mTavrobam – dRes is ukve aRar aris ubralo
bolSevikuri mTavroba, aramed namdvili ruseTis imperialisturi
mTavrobaa – miiRos Tavis Tavze movaleoba ganagrZos Tavisi Zveli
kulturuli misia da Caerios kavkasiis saqmeebSi. Tavis Tavad cxadia,
rom Cveni ubedureba is ki ar iqneba, rom daiwereba saCivari somxeTze
an azerbeijanze, imitom rom me ar vekuTvni imaT, vinc fiqrobs, rom
saqarTvelo iqneba damoukidebeli, Tu damoukidebeli iqneba somx­
eTi da aderbeijani, rom uazerbeijanoT da usomxeToT arseboba ar
SegviZlian, magram ubedureba is aris rom Cvenc wavagebT somxeTis da
azerbeijanis saqmeebSi CareviT, Tu srulebiT ar wavagebT, yovel Sem­
TxvevaSi did rames mainc davkargavT. meore mizezi Cveni interesisa
am saqmisadmi aris is, rom Cvens saxelmwifoSi saerTod bevri mahmadi­
ani cxovrobs. Tavis Tavad cxadia, rom Tu azerbeijanis da somxeTis
uTanxmoeba miiRebs omis xasiaTs, CvenSi Zalian Zneli iqneba normalu­
ri pirobebis dacva im mazrebSi da kuTxeebSi mainc, sadac somxebi da
mahmadianebi erTad cxovrobden. da radganac qarTveli xalxis didi
nawili mahmadis sjuls aRiarebs, Tavis Tavad cxadia, rom ar SeiZleba

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didi yuradReba ar miaqcioT am oms, romelic TiTqmis religiur omis
xasiaTs iRebs. batonebo! Zalian Zneli aris imis mtkiceba, Tu rome­
li mxare aris marTali im brZolaSi, romelic exla aris gamarTuli
somxeTsa da azerbaijans Soris. yovelTvis Zneli aris amis mtkiceba
saerTod da gansakuTrebiT Zneli aris es, rodesac saqme somxeTsa da
azerbeijans exeba. is depeSebi, romlebic mosdis mTavrobisagan, par­
lamentebisagan, Semdeg qalaqebidan da soflis warmomadgenlebisagan,
TiTqmis erTnairi eniT aris dawerili, rogorc azerbeijanidan, ise
somxeTidan ama Tu im ambis Sesaxeb. mxolod erTi ki unda iTqvas, rom
somxeTi ufro momzadebuli Sexvda am ambebs, vidre azerbeijani. jer­
jerobiT samxedro, egred wodebul operatiul cnobebis mixedviT,
somxeTs ara aqvs mainc da mainc mizezi, rom Seawuxos momarTviT saqa­
rTvelos parlamenti an damfuZnebeli kreba. somxeTis reguliaruli
jarebi gacilebiT metni arian, vidre azerbeijanisa da, samwuxarod,
Cveni... (ar ismis. Tavmjdomaris zari) saerTod rasakvirvelia, me ric­
xvs ar vaqcev yuradRebas.
swored somxeTis mTavrobis mTeli politika imaSi mdgomareobda,
rom gaewrTvna Tavisi reguliaruli Zalebi. amaSi daxmarebas uwevd­
nen sxva da sxva ucxo saxelmwifoebi da arsebuli cnobebis mixedviT
vimeoreb, dRes da saerTod ukanasknel uTanxmoebis dros somxeTis
reguliaruli jari warmoadgenda gacilebiT ufro did Zalas, vidre
azerbaijanis jari, albaT amiT aixsneba, rom Tanaxmad somxeTis cno­
bebisa iq ukve uqmoben gamarjvebas. operaciebi somxeTis jaris mxriv­
ufro farTo xasiaTs iRebs, ufro bevri mimarTulebiT warmoebs,
vidre aderbeijanis mxriv. rasakvirvelia es imas ar niSnavs, rom es ga­
Tavdeba somxeTis gamarjvebiT, Tu gagrZelda brZola. me minda ­vsTqva,
rom somxeTi ufro karg mdgomareobaSi da Zlieri aRmoCnda, vidre
azerbeijani da samxedro tradiciebis mixedviT, – am garemoebas yov­
elTvis aqvs mniSvneloba. omis dawyebis mizezebi Zvelia. am mizezTa
Soris aris Zveli istoriuli dava, Zveli winaaRmdegoba, romelic
iyo somxeTsa da saTaTreTs Soris amier-kavkasiaSi. Cven viciT daax­
lovebiT ra warmoadgens am urTierTobaTa interesebis maqsimums.
cxadia, rom azerbaijanis erovnul interesebs aqvs Tavisi maqsimu­
mi amier-kavkasiaSi. azebaijanis erovnuli interesebis maqsimumi is
aris, rom ase Tu ise pirdapiri sazRvrebi hqondes osmaleTTan. es aris
ZiriTadi mizani azerbaijanis politikis mimarTulebisa saerTod. me
ar vgmob amiT ama Tu im mTavrobis, ama Tu im parlamentis politikas.
am mxriv, rasakvirvelia, somxeTi rogorc osmaleTsa da azerbaijans
Soris myofi did sawinaaRmdego Zalas warmoadgens. sworeT amiT Sei­
Zleba imis axsna, rom azerbaijanis erovnuli interesebis maqsimumi
Zalian Znelad egueba somxeTis erovnul politikas. uknasknels aqvs
Tavisi maqsimumi da, rasakvirvelia, Cven ar wavagebT Tu isic gveqneba
gaTvaliswinebuli. ramdenad ufro fantastiuri gamodis gegma didi
somxeTis Sehqmnisa osmaleTis imperiis nangrevebze, Tan da Tan ram­

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denaT TviT didi saxelmwifoebi, romelnic xelis Sewyobas Sepirdnen
somxeTs, sxva da sxva dros did somxeTis Seqmnaze ocnebobden, ramde­
naT es saxelmwifoebi, inglisi, amerika xels iReben am did somxeTis
Seqmnaze, ramdenad germaniaSi, londonSi, amerikaSi an parizis kon­
ferenciaze amcireben am somxeTis farglebs, imdenaT ufro mwvave xa­
siaTs iRebs amierkavkasiaSi somxeTis politika. misi survilia, rac
SeiZleba meti teritoria miisakuTros. sul erTia, somxeTis iqneba
es teritoria Tu azerbaijanis, radganac vimeoreb, imedi Tan da Tan
ikargeba, rom iq osmaleTis imperiaSi raime didi kompensacia xvdes
somxeTs. vimeoreb ramdenad ekargeba somxeTis politikur moRvaweebs
imedi 7–6 vilaietis miRebisa osmaleTisagan, imdenaT isini gafacice­
biT eZeben kuTxeebs, sadac ruseTma imaT dausaxla somxebi da ayeneben
am somxeTis oazisis sakiTxs. undaT erevans SeukavSiron es oazisebi.
bolo dros usaTuod gamwvavda yarabaxis sakiTxi da usaTuoT xdeba
is istoriuli dapyroba, damSvideba e. i. xocva-Jleta im mahmadianebi­
sa, romlebic gaCxirulni arian erevnis da axalcixis Soris.
arc erT fraqcias damfuZnebeli krebisas ara aqvs survili, rom
dRevandeli kreba da an saerTod Cveni krebuli gaxdes sagnaT. (ar is­
mis) magram radgan karabaxi ufro Sors aris, vidre axalqalaqi, me ro­
gorc nacionalisti movaled vracx Cems Tavs ganvacxado is, rac Cven
gvexeba da rac Cven ar Segvexeba; rom rezoliucia gamovitanoT da
davpirdeT kavkasiis xalxebs, rom saqarTvelo Searigebs somxebsa da
TaTrebs, romelnic ruseTma, inglisma da amerikam ver Seariga, es ra­
sakvirvelia, saqarTvelos respublikas gauZneldeba. me mxolod minda
is vTqva, rom ramdenad es ambebi saqarTvelos respublikis interesebs
Seexeba, imdenad Cven valdebulni varT, rom darajaT vudgeT qarTvel
eris interesebs. Cven valdebulni varT am TvalsazrisiT uyuroT imas,
rac xdeba yarabaxSi. imasac gavimeoreb, rom ar minda vTqva, TiTqos
marto somxeTis politikis maqsimumi iyos saqarTvelosaTvis sawi­
naaRmdego. azerbeijanis erovnuli politikis maqsimumic ewinaaRm­
degeba Cvens interesebs, imitom, rom imdenad, ramdenadac is preten­
ziebs acxadebs baTomze da eZebs gzas Savi zRviT evropaSi, imdenad
igi ewinaaRmdegeba saqarTvelos erovnul interesebs. magram amasTan
erTad Tqven yovelTvis gaxsovT, rom somxeTis erovnuli politikis
maqsimumi aris mimarTuli oazisebis gaerTianebisaken erevnis somx­
eTTan. da es survili gaezardaT mas Semdeg, rac somxeTma sruliad
dakarga imedi osmaleTSi didi somxeTis Seqmnisa. es sakiTxi Seexeba
ara marto azerbeijanis sasicocxlo interess, aramed mimarTuli
aris Cveni interesebisakenac, da es imdenad, ramdenadac yarsis olq­
is mahmadianebs, romelnic met nawilad qarTveluri sisxlisani ari­
an aseTi politikiT didi safrTxe moeliT. gansakuTrebiT es Seexeba
artaanis olqs. im artaanis mahmadianebis mosaxleobas, romelnic hy­
ofdnen erevnis somxebs axalqalaqis somxebisagan. rom es ukanaskneli
winaaRmdegoba interesebisa ar aris SemTxveviTi, rom is arafriT ar

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Camouvardeba, yovel SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba iTqvas, aRemateba azerbei­
janis erovnuli politikis maqsimums, amis Tqma SeiZleboda maSinac,
rodesac baTomis sakiTxi irCeoda; rom es ar yofila SemTxveviTi ami­
si garkvevisaTvis, Semdegi ramis damateba SeiZleba, rom damfuZnebel
krebas mTeli suraTi hqondes Tvalwin dasaxuli da saerTod yvelam
icodes yovelgvari SesaZlebloba. rodesac baTomis sakiTxs swyvet­
den, me vici somxeTis mTavrobis Tavmjdomare xatisovis azri, rome­
lic Cven mTavrobas unda gaego, rogorc oficialuri azri somxeTis
mTavrobisa, mas uTqvams, rom somxeTs aqvs pirdapiri interesi baTomis
olqSi, Woroxis napirebze da rom baTomis sakiTxi ar unda daisvas mx­
olod saqarTvelos iniciativiT da saqarTvelos interesebis Tval­
sazrisiTo, aramed is unda gadawydes, rogorc saerTaSoriso sakiTxi,
somxeTis xalxTan kerZo SeTanxmebiTo. es ukanaskneli gancxadeba dam­
yarebuli aris imazed, rom somxeTs, garda imisa, rom somxeTis oazise­
bis gaerTianeba unda, mas unda axalqalaqis oazisi pirdapir daukav­
Siros erevans. amis garda mas unda gasavali Savi zRvisaken. mxoloT
ara imisaTvis, rom rogorc azerbeijani daukavSirdes osmaleTs da
moiaxlovos pirdapiri porti gasavali zRvisaken. garda amisa maT
aqvT proeqti rkinis gzis gayvanisa baTomsa da yarsis Sua. es aris yov­
el SemTxvevaSi somxeTis imperialistebis proeqti.
am rkinis gzas, – romelic somxeTis rkinis gza iqneba, – baTom-­
yarabaRiT _ xom unda Tavisi miwa da swored am miwisTvis ibrZvian.
am proeqtze laparakobda xatisovi, roca is ambobda, rom baTomis
sakiTxs aqvs Tavisi mniSvneloba da is ise ver gadawydeba, rogorc
saqarTvelos sakiTxi, aramed is unda gadiWras, rogorc saerTaSo­
riso sakiTxio, rom somxeTs aqvs Tavisi interesi am saqmeSio da sxv.
axla mogaxsenebT artaanis olqze, is umetesad dasaxlebulia sisxliT
qarTvel mahmadianebiT. am mahmadianobam ramdeni xania, rac saqarTve­
los mTavrobas mimarTa, rom man is daixsnas Jletisagan. mTeli yarsis
olqis, kerZod Caldiris mahmadianebma peticiiTac ki mihmarTes saqa­
rTvelos mTavrobas – dagvixseniT am Jletisaganao, sTxovden saqarT­
velosTan SeerTebas da mis qveSevrdomebad miRebas. es Txovna ar aris
arabunebrivi, rom misTvis yuradReba ar mieqcia Cvens mTavrobas, – es
Caldiri aris axalqalaqis gverdze Cvens sazRvrebze, Semdeg is aris
im gzatkecilze, romelic axalqalaq-artaanisaken modis, artaani ki
Cvens xelSia. garda amisa, vimeoreb, es mahmadianebi qarTuli sisx­
lisani arian. garda amisa am olqSi somxebi statistikuri cnobebis
mixedviT Zalian mcire ricxvs Seadgens, ai es olqi, miuxedavad aseT
mdgomareobisa, CvenTvis gaugebar mosazrebisa, sruliad moulod­
nelad gadaeca somxeTs, miuxedavad imisa, rom yarsis da artaanis
olqebs bolomde unda gaeazrebinaT is bedi, romelic maT brestis
xelSekrulebam arguna. yarsi da artaanic, orive erTi da imave mo­
sazrebiT inglisis sardlobas ekava, es imitom, rom ingliss ar undo­
da yarsi da baTomi osmaleTs Cavardnoda xelSi. miuxedavad amisa, in­

219
glisma brestis xelSekrulebis likvidacia gayo or nawilad: baTomi
TviTon daikava, yarsi ki somxebs gadasca. am rigad somxeTs Zalian io­
lad Cauvarda xelSi yarsis olqi. dRes artaanSi da axalcixeSi sdgas
Cveni jari, es imitom, rom javaxeTi Cveni respublikis provincia aris
da somxebi cdiloben, rom riTac ar unda daujdes daimorCilon mah­
madianebi da amiT saSualebas gvispoben, rom baTom-artaanis gasaRebi
CvenTvis iyos uzrunvelyofili.
Cveni mTavroba Rirsia sayvedurisa, rom mahmadianebis Txovnam mas­
Tan ver gasWra da isini msxverplad Seewiren didi somxeTis Seqmnis
ideas aq, amier-kavkasiaSi, mas Semdeg, rac didi somxeTis Seqmnis idea
uimedo aRmoCnda osmaleTSi. Cvens mTavrobas amaze SeuZlia ganacxa­
dos da Tqvenc daadasturoT is, rom mahmadianebis Txovna gamowveuli
iyo miT, rom iq ar datrialebuliyo iseTi ambebi, rogoric axla somx­
eT-azerbaijanis Soris trialebs. SeiZleba mimdinare politikuri
pirobebis mixedviT es gamarTldes, magram erovnuli interesis mixed­
viT amis gamarTleba istoriulad Znelia. Cemi mimarTva saqarTvelos
damfuZnebeli krebisa da mTavrobisadmi is aris, rom mTavroba ufro
metis energiiT da yuradRebiT udgas darajad saqarTvelos samxre­
Tis sazRvrebs dawyebuli borCalos mazridan, vidre Sav zRvamde.
Cven damrigeblis roli ar SegviZlia miviRoT, magram Cveni mTavroba
da Cven valdebuli varT, Tu es omi ar gaTavda, miviRoT zomebi, raTa
am omma cudi Sedegebi ar moutanos Cvens sakuTar qveyanas, rom mZime
ar gaxdes Cveni politikuri mdgomareoba Cvens mazrebSi, romelnic
samxreTs akravan da romelSiac somex-mahmadianebi scxovroben. aseTia
mazrebi borCalosi, axalqalaqis, axalcixis da saerTod samahmadiano
saqarTvelo. me visurvebdi, rom Cveni mTavroba amas darajad dasd­
gomoda da me visurveb, rom ar moxdes iseTi SemTxveva, rom Cven rame
wavagoT erovnuli interesis mixedviT.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b-on leo Sengelaias.
l. Sengelaia. (s.-r.) moqalaqeno, damfuZnebel krebis wevrno! am
mokle xanSi amier-kavkasiis erebis cxovrebaSi moxda ori udidesi
mniSvnelovani aqti: erTis mxriT evropam icno Cveni damoukideblo­
ba, xolo meores mxriT amier-kavkasiis erebi SeuTanxmden erTi meores,
rom Cven Soris arsebuli sadao sakiTxebi gadawyvetil iqnen SeTanxme­
biT da mSvidobiani gziT. Tu pirveli maTgani iyo dagvirgvineba Cveni
ori wlis brZolisa, meore iyo garantia imisa, rom amier-kavkasia ar
gadaiqceoda meore balkaneTad, rom amier-kavkasiis erebi SesZlebdnen
bolos da bolos moewyoT TavianTi cxovreba ise, rom yovel maTgans
ecxovra damoukideblad. magram mogexsenebaT, rom Cveni ori wlis da­
moukidebeli arseboba aRsavse iyo siurprizebiT da traRikuli mo­
mentebiT. dRemdis Cveni cxovreba ise mimdinareobda, rom Tu erT dRes
arxeinad vgrZnobdiT Tavs, meore dRes iaraRs visxamdiT, erT dRes Tu
vzeimobdiT, meore dRes vstirodiT. dRes satiralia is ambavi, romel­
zedac mogviTxrobs azerbaijanis parlamentis rezoliucia. erTi ase­

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Ti sabediswero da traRikuli momenti aris is brZola, romelic aze­
baijanis da somxeTis Soris swarmoebs. da es brZola ar aris somxeTisa
azerbaijanis winaaRmdeg an azerbaijanisa somxeTis winaaRmdeg: igi
amier-kavkasiis erebis respublikebis damoukideblobis winaaRmdeg
aris mimarTuli. is SuRli, romelmac frTebi aixsna da romelmac mog­
vca Tavisi sisxliani nayofi azerbaijanis da somxeTis Setakebis dros,
SeuZleblad sTvlis ara marto azerbaijanis da somxeTis damoukide­
blobas, aramed mTeli amier-kavkasiis erebis fizikur arsebobas. da
Cveni movaleoba aris gaugzavnoT sastiki protesti imaT, vinc diri­
Jorobs am Setakebas da ar cdilobs, rom sadao sakiTxebi azerbaijanis
da somxeTis Soris gadawydes mSvidobianobis gziT. amas Cven gvikarnax­
ebs ara ubralo santimentalizmi da kacT-moyvareoba, mas gvikarnaxebs
amier-kavkasiis yvela respublikis sasicocxlio interesebi.
Tqven iciT, moqalaqeno, rom amas winad evropis imperialisteb­
ma Cvens ers axali siurprizi SesTavazes. umaRlesma sabWom baTomi
porto-frankod gamoacxada. ras niSnavs es? gana imperialisturma
evropam ar icis, rom saqarTvelos ar SeuZlian jan-mrTelad arse­
boba Tu masTan ar iqneba samahmadiano saqarTvelo? Tu mis xelSi ar
iqneba baTomi?! da Tu marTlac imperialisturi evropa amis momxrea,
rom baTomi porto-frankod gamocxaddes, es imas niSnavs, rom imperi­
alisturi evropa ar aris momxre Cveni faqtiuri damoukideblobisa,
aramed is momxrea Cveni fiqtiuri damoukideblobisa. Tu Cven respub­
likas Camoglejen saukeTeso nawilebs, uromlisod mas cxovreba ar
SeuZlia, es iqneba ara faqtiuri damoukidebloba. maSasadame Cven jer
kidev ar dagviZlevia imperialisturi safrTxe.
aseve unda iTqvas im sakiTxis Sesaxeb, romelic CrdiloeTidan mo­
dis. Cven ar gvaqvs survili maTTan Setakebisa, magram Cven ar viciT,
rogori damokidebuleba, rogori urTi-erToba damyardeba Cvensa da
maT Soris.
da aseT pirobebSi amier-kavkasiis erebs marTebT Tavisi ZarRve­
bis daWimva da mTeli Tavisi Zalebis mobilizacia, raTa winaaRudges
yvela im Zalas, romelic amier-kavkasiis respublikebis sasicocxlo
interesebis winaaRmdeg iqneba momarTuli, iqneba es evropiul imperi­
alizmis mier warmoebuli, Tu aRmosavleTis fanatizmis mier.
aq mTavari sakiTxi ar aris marto yarabaxis sakiTxi. Cven win aris
ufro farTo sakiTxi. es aris teritoriis gamijvnis sakiTxi. da faq­
tad ar gadaiqceva yvela is SeTanxmeba, romelic dadebula an daideba
Cvensa da azerbaijanis Soris, an azerbaijanis da somxeTis Soris, Tu
sakiTxi teritoriis gamijvnisa sabolood ar gadawyda. amitom Cveni
movaleoba aris, es sakiTxi daisvas dRis wesrigSi da gadawydes ise,
rom arc erTi ar Seiqnes Seuracxyofili, aravin ar iqnas daCagru­
li. vfiqrob, rom aseTi gadawyvetiT realuri safuZveli Caeyreba im
sakiTxs, romlis Sedegebs ver vxedavT jer-jerobiT sinamdvileSi.
im rezoliuciaSi romelic aris gamogzavnili azerbaijanis

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parlamentis mier, azerbaijanis parlamenti da masTan erTad yvela
fraqciebi, romelnic emxrobian am rezoliucias, im ambebis pasuxis
mgeblobas, romelic datrialda yarabaRSi, akisrebs somxeTis mTav­
robas. me vfiqrob rom ori-sami dRis Semdeg uTuod aseTsave rezoli­
ucias gamoitans somxeTis parlamenti da isic mTel pasuxis-mgeblobas
daakisrebs azerbaijanis mTavrobas.
ra Tqma unda Cven ver SeudgebiT imis gamorkvevas, Tu vin aris
mtyuani an vin marTali. magram erTi ram aris CvenTvis aSkara: mtyuani
aris is, vinc gaurbis SeTanxmebas, mtyuani iqneba is, vinc sadao sakiTx­
ebis gadasawyvetad iaraRs mimarTavs. es aSkaraa CvenTvis, aSkaraa yve­
lasaTvis.
batonebo! aq bevri laparaki zedmetia. yoveli Cvengani grZnobT,
Tu ramdenad damRupvelia is Setakeba, romelic swarmoebs azerbai­
janis da somxeTis Soris. yoveli Cvengani grZnobs, rom am SetakebaSi
daiwveba da daiferfleba ara marto azerbaijani da somxeTi, aramed
mTeli amierkavkasia. amitom Cveni upirvelesi movaleoba aris Cvens
mezoblebs SevsZaxoT: SesdeqiT! amier-kavkasiis bed-iRbali da momava­
li moiTxovs, rom amier-kavkasiis erebs Soris damyardes mSvidobiani
ganwyobileba.
nu gaaxarebT Tqvens mtrebs da nu daaRonebT Tqvens megobrebs!
(taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva baton gvazavas ekuTvnis.
g. gvazava (e.-d.) is Sexla-Semoxla, romelic arsebobs azerbaijan­
sa da somxeTs Soris, ar aris axali. es aRmocenebulia saerTod ter­
itoriis sakiTxis niadagze. es sakiTxi vrcelia, am sakiTxze bevri
muSaoba gvqonda. masze mec vmuSaobdi maSin, rodesac saqarTvelos
damoukidebloba ar iyo gamocxadebuli, magram samwuxarod verafers
ver mivaRwieT. yarabaxSi, zangezurSi da sxva adgilebSi isea gadax­
larTuli azerbaijanis da somxeTis interesebi, rom TiTeuli maTgani
fiqrobs, rom mas im adgilebis gareSe cxovreba ar SeuZlia. somxebi
amboben, rom yarabaRSia maTi sasicocxlo interesebi, vinaidan iq Cveni
mosaxleoba bevriao, azerbaijani ambobs, rom iq mas didi ekonomiuri
interesi aqvs. da rodesac TiToeuli am saxelmwifoTagani ase uyurebs
yarabaRs, am sakiTxis ase iolad gadawyveta, rogorc warmoudgenia b.
ak. Cxenkels, Zalian Znelia. rasakvirvelia Cveni survilia maT Soris
dava SeTanxmebiT gadawydes, magram es mizans ver aRwevs da mxolod
survilad rCeba. es Cven bevrjer vscadeT, magram araviTari Sedegi
ar mohyolia. es sazogado movlena aris eris cxovrebaSi. aseTi Tav­
iseburi tragedia aris msoflio movlenebSi, aseTi sakiTxebi xSirad
ar swydeba ise, rogorc Cvena gvgonia, xSirad SeTanxmeba ar xdeba da
sisxlis Rvra aucilebelia. magram Tu mxedvelobaSi miviRebT Cvens ex­
landel mdgomareobas da im safrTxes, romelic CrdiloeTidan aris,
rasakvirvelia, Cven SegviZlia mivmarToT ama Tu im winadadebiT orive
ers. saqme imaSia, rom amier-kavkasias saerTod da yvela respublikebs

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calke didi safrTxe moelis CrdiloeTidan. rac unda iyos, Cveni cxov­
reba jer ganmtkicebuli ar aris. Cveni saxelmwifoebi iuridiulad
cnobili ar arian da aseT pirobebSi Sinauri cxovrebis sakiTxebis gad­
aWrisaTvis ar unda iyos dava, Tundac Sig Caqsovili iyos sasicocxlo
interesebi. aseTi winadadebiT aucileblad unda mivmarToT somxeTs
da azerbeijans. am SemTxvevaSi yvelani unda gamovdiodeT im umTavre­
si debulebidan, romelsac saxelmwifoebrivi idea hqvia. Cven vuyurebT
Cvens saxelmwifos, rogorc damoukidebel saxelmwifos, Cven amnairad
uyurebT mezobel saxelmwifoebsac. dRes or mezobels Soris Setakeba
xdeba. ibadeba kiTxva: rogor unda moiqces mesame saxelmwifo? am Sem­
TxvevaSi Cven unda mivmarToT saerTaSoriso normebs da mis Tanaxmad
unda moviqceT. aq gamoTqmuli iyo azri, rom momrigeblis rols ver mi­
viRebTo. Cemis azriT es ar aris marTali. Cven aucileblad unda gamov­
ideT momrigeblis rolSi. Cven an Cumad unda viyveT da neitraliteti
davicvaT, an da gamovideT im formebSi, ra formebSiac gamodis sxva
saxelmwifo aseT SemTxvevaSi. es aris winadadeba megobruli Suamav­
lobisa. es aris gaTvaliswinebuli saerTaSoriso uflebis mier. da me
ar vici, rad unda auqcioT Cven gverdi am uflebriv normebs. da aramc
Tu gverds ver auxvevT im normebs, romelic miRebulia saerTaSoriso
uflebaSi, aramed Cven mxolod es-Ra dagvrCenia.
Cven gvaqvs momarTva azerbeijanis parlamentisa da sxva formT
Cveni gamosvla mouxerxeblad mimaCnia.
erTi gamosavali gvaqvs Cven: es – mivceT winadadeba megobruli
Suamavlobisa. es iqneba cda, rom rogorme moxdes SeTanxmeba, Serige­
ba, an arbitraJis saSualebiT gadawydes sadavo sakiTxi. mivaRwevT Tu
ara raime Sedegs ar vici, magram Cveni vali moxdili iqneba. Cven unda
vixmaroT yoveli RonisZieba da Tu Sedegs ver mivaRwevT, Cveni mTav­
roba, rasakvirvelia, darajad unda idges Cveni erovnuli interese­
bis dasacavad.
aq iTqva, Cveni mdgomareoba iseTia, rom SeiZleba am Setakebam,
romelic swarmoebs azerbeijansa da somxeTs Soris Sua, gamoiwvios
arasasurveli Sedegebi, radganac Cvens respublikaSi arian rogorc
somxebi, ise mahmadianebio. aseT pirobebSi mTavroba, rasakvirvelia,
valdebulia darajad udges Cvens erovnul interesebs. amitom Cveni
winadadeba aseTia, mTavroba unda gamovides winadadebiT megobru­
li Suamavlobisa. aqedan Tqven xedavT, rom Cven winaaRmdegi varT im
nabijisa, romelic gadaudgams mTavrobis Tavmjdomares, romelmac
moiwvia ucxo saxelmwifoTa warmomadgenelni da sTxova, rom maT
SeeCerebinaT Setakeba azerbeijansa da somxeTs Soris. swored amaze
brZanebda b-ni Cxenkeli, rom SeuZlebelia ise davsvaT sakiTxi, rom
ucxo saxelmwifoni CavrioT Cvens Sinaur saqmeebSio. da swored aseTi
nabiji, romelic gadaudgams Cveni mTavrobis Tavmjdomares, aris Sec­
doma da mgonia, ukeTesi iqneboda, Cveni mTavroba gamosuliyo mego­
bruli Suamavlobis winadadebiT im SinaarsiT, rogorc es gansaz­

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Rvrulia saerTaSoriso uflebriv normebSi. sazogadod aseTi nabiji
miT ufro xelsayreli iqneba, rom ufro gaxSirdeba saqmiani molapar­
akeba am saxelmwifoTa Soris da Seiqmneba erTgvari fsiqologia xalx­
Si, gaarkvevs Cvens SegnebaSi imas, rom aucileblad saWiroa marTlac
TiTqmis yvela sakiTxebi morigeobiT gaTavdes. uamisod Cven gvekarge­
ba ufro meti Rirebuleba – es aris Cveni damoukidebloba. swored es
ideebi maSin ufro iqnebian gaSuqebulni da Rrmad Seva xalxis Segne­
baSi. es sasurveli iqneba yvela respublikisaTvis.
da amitom mokled kidev vimeoreb, rom saWiroa Cvenma mTavrobam
misces winadadeba am or saxelmwifos megobruli Suamavlobisa. ai es
gaxlavT Cveni winadadeba.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis sagareo saqmeTa ministrs.
evgeni gegeWkori sagareo-saqmeTa ministri. moqalaqeno! me, Tavis
Tavad cxadia, ar gavimeoreb imas, rac aq sakmaod iyo naTqvami. mxolod
ar SemiZlia Tqveni yuradReba ar SevaCero erT garemoebaze: CvenT­
vis srulebiT ar aris, an ukeTesi iqneba, rom vsTqvaT, imdenaT sain­
tereso sagans ar warmoadgens momenti pasuxis-mgeblobisa. Cven, rom
davdgeT im gzaze, rom SevideT, – amis uflebac, rom gvqondes kidec
– imis garCevaSi, Tu saidan daiwyo is, ris mowmenic Cven varT, vin aris
omis gamomwveveli mizezi, Cven mizans ver mivaRwevT. es arc Seadgens
Cvens kompetencias da arc mogvitans im Sedegebs, romlis miRwevasac
Cven vcdilobT. Cven unda gamovideT im samwuxaro faqtidan, rom­
lis winaSec vdgevarT. amier-kavkasiis myudroeba darRveulia. ori
eri am mxarisa erTi-meores ebrZvis, brZola Rebulobs mkacr xasiaTs
da SesaZlebelia, Tu Tan da Tan gaizarda es samwuxaro movlena da
misi likvidacia ver SevZeliT, SesaZlebelia man miiRos saerTo xas­
iaTi amier-kavkasiaSi, da, maSin, rasakvirvelia, dadgeba sabediswero
sakiTxi amier-kavkasiis respublikebis arsebobisa Tu ar arsebobis. ai
ase sdgas sakiTxi. me mivaqcev Tqvens yuradRebas imas, rom amier-ka­
vkasia dRevandel politikur situaciaSi ganicdis uaRres kriziss.
CrdiloeTidan safrTxe ukve momdgari aris da aseT dros amier-kavka­
siaSi datrialda saSineli ambavi, romlis winaSe Cven vdgevarT. yve­
lasaTvis aSkara unda iyos, rom es gvimzadebs Cven did gansacdels.
Tu mdgomareoba aseTia, maSin yovlad miuRebelia is pozicia,
romelsac aq icavda pativcemuli b. veSapeli. misi pozicia, me unda
ganvacxado Tqvens winaSe, did fufunebad mimaCnia. saqarTvelos gand­
goma da neitralitetis dacva im dros, rodesac is ambebi romelic
xdeba yarabaxSi, zangezurSi an yarsis olqSi, ar aris sruliad marto
azerbaijanis da somxeTis saqme, aramed saerToa, TviT saqarTvelos
saqmec aris, aseT dros gandgoma da neitralitetis dacva, Cemis az­
riT, yovlad miRebulia. aseTi pozicia, Tavis Tavad cxadia, Cveni res­
publikis yofna ara yofnis sakiTxs pirdapir dasvamda.
da Tu es asea, moqalaqeno, mTavroba, romelic darajaT udgas res­
publikis interesebs, valdebulia miiRos yovel gvari zomebi, rom es

224
saSineli xifaTi Cvens respublikas Tavidan aacilos. da am SemTxveva­
Si, unda vaRiaro me, dadgoma ganyenebul principebze, saerTaSoriso
uflebis Rirebulebaze, Cvenis azriT didi Secdoma iqneboda, vinaidan
sakiTxi swored ise sdgas, rogorc me mogaxseneT. Tu yarabaRis, zange­
zuris da saerTod am Setakebis saswrafo likvidacia ar moxda, unda
ganvacxadoT Tqvens winaSe, maSin SesaZlebelia moxdes likvidacia
saerTod Cveni respublikebisa. aq mxolod Suamavlis rolis TamaSi, an
momarTva im saSualebisaTvis, romelTac SeuZlianT realuri Sedege­
bi ar mogvitanon, dauSveblad mimaCnia. me yovelTvis amas mogaxsenebT
imitom, rom b. gvazavam ganacxada, rom mTavrobis nabiji, romelic ga­
moixata imaSi, rom man moiwvia adgilobriv misiebis warmomadgenelni
da mimarTa maT winadadebiT, rom saqarTvelos mTavrobasTan erTad
maTac mieRoT monawileoba am saqmis likvidaciaSi, iyo Secdomao. me
vfiqrob, rom b. gvazava marTali ar aris. es saqarTvelos mTavrobis
movaleoba iyo da es movaleoba unda Seesrulebina, Tu undoda Tav­
idan aecdina es xifaTi. (gvazava. jer winadadeba unda migecaT mego­
bruli Suamdgomlobis!) amazed mogaxsenebT, iyo Tu ara es winadade­
ba micemuli. me mogaxsenebT, rom saerTod saqarTvelos mTavrobis
pozicia aSkara iyo im konfliqtSi, romelic azerbaijansa da somxeTs
Soris iyo. me ar minda zogadi frazebiT vilaparako, dro wagarTvaT
da vimeoro truizmebi, rom solidaroba didi saqmea, rom es aucile­
belia Cveni arsebobisaTvis da ganviTarebisaTvis, amis Sesaxeb bevri
Tqmula da dawerila. me mxolo minda Tqvens winaSe aRvniSno is nabi­
jebi, romelic saqarTvelos mTavrobas gadaudgams yovel aseT SemTx­
vevaSi da kerZod im SemTxvevaSi, romelzedac dRes gvaqvs baasi. Tqven
gaxsovT, moqalaqeno, oqtombris istoria, rodesac zangezuris mida­
moebSi cecxlis ali datrialda. rogorc ki miiRo Cvenma mTavrobam es
cnoba 22 oqtombers, dauyonebliv mimarTa azerbaijanis da somxeTis
mTavrobas, dauyonebliv viZaxi, vinaidan 23 oqtombers ukve nota iyo
gagzavnili, sadac iyo aRniSnuli saSineli Sedegebi am Setakebisa da
moviTxovdiT orive mTavrobisagan, rom sadao sakiTxi, teritoriis
sakiTxi morigebiT gadawyvetiliyo.
rodesac Cven gavigeT, rom es Cveni winadadeba niadags moklebuli
ar aris, Cven ori notiT mivmarTeT orive mTavrobas, sadac varkve­
vdiT, sadac moviTxovdiT... (gvazava: moviTxovT da ar vSuamdgom­
lobT?!) Cven ar viciT ras eZaxis Suamdgomlobas b. gvazava. (gvazava:
Zalian samwuxaroa!) Tu Suamdgomloba niSnavs imas, rom Tqven mxolod
winadadebas aZlevT da Tu es iqneba miRebuli xom kargi, da Tu ara,
Tqven Tqvens adgilze jdebiT, amas Cveni mTavroba ver ikisrebda da
verc ikisrebs. Cven moviTxovdiT, radgan es sakiTxi ar aris mxolod
zangezuris da yarabaxis sakiTxi, es Cveni sakiTxic aris, Cveni xalxis
saWir-boroto sakiTxi. (gvazava: es niSnavs Sinaur saqmeebSi Carevas!).
davarwmuneb b. gvazavas, rom arc aderbeijans da arc somxeTs am
Cvens Carevis gamo protesti ar ganucxadebia da arc erTs amaSi Si­

225
naur saqmeSi Careva ar daunaxavs. kidev mets vityvi. Tqven iciT, rom
es Cveni energiuli Careva gamarjvebiT dagvirgvinda da 23 noembers
Cven miviReT xelSekruleba, sadac iyo naTqvami is, rasac Cveni notiT
vTxoulobdiT. me 4-e muxli im xelSekrulobisa swored laparakobda
imaze, rom yvela sadavo sakiTxebi unda gadawydes an morigebiT, an
savaldebulo arbitraJiT. ras swuxs ase b. gvazava, me ar vici. (gva­
zava: me vwuxvar Cvens saerTo interesebze). Cveni interesi moiTxovs
omis likvidacias...
me es moviyvane imitom, rom TqvenTvis damenaxvebina, Tu ra pozi­
cias adga mTavroba, ra zomebs Rebulobda, rom CvenSi amier-kavkasiis
erTa Soris uTanxmoebas adgili ara hqonoda, magram Tqven iciT, rom
miuxedavaT im xelSekrulebisa, romelic daidva 23 noembers 1919 w.
da romlis mowmebaT arian aRniSnuli saqarTv. sagareo ministri da
amerikis umaRlesi komisris moadgile amerikis polkovniki rei, mi­
uxedavaT aseTi xelSekrulebisa Cven gvaqvs saqme ambebis recidivTan.
Cveni pozicia igive darCa, rac iyo wineT da sworeT Cveni mTavrobis
Tavmjdomaris nabiji gaxlavT gagrZeleba Cveni politikisa. man upir­
veles yovlisa, mimarTa winadadebiT misiebis Sefebs, rom Tavis mxriT
maTac mieRoT zomebi, (aq araviTari Careva ar yofila!) rom es saqme,
yarabaxis istoria morigebiT gaTavebuliyo. es iyo da es. aq aravi­
Tari Sinaur saqmeebSi Carevas adgili ar hqonia da arc eqneba. rac Se­
exeba TviT am sakiTxis gadawyvetas, amazed iyo miRebuli zomebi, rom
sazogadod amier-kavkasiis konferencia Semdgariyo da Tqven iciT,
rom es konferencia Sesdgeba xval. magram saubeduroT, me ara maqvs
araviTari ufleba ganvacxado Tqvens winaSe, rom es konferencia sa­
survel Sedegebs miaRwevs da amier-kavkasiaSi mSvidobianoba damyar­
deba. amis safuZveli Cven ar gvaqvs. mxoloT erTs vityviT, rom saqa­
rTvelos mTavroba yovel zomebs miiRebs, yovel Rones ixmars, rom es
saSineli ubedureba, marTlac traRediad ar gadaiqces. am mxriv Cvens
movaleobas SevasrulebT. (veSapeli: konkretiulad?).
konkretiulad Cven SevitanT winadadebas, rom Tanaxmad Cven So­
ris dadebul xelSekrulebisa, yvela sadavo sakiTxebi gadawydeba
morigebiT an arbitraJiT! (veSapeli: frazeologia?)
rodesac aseTi Rirebulebani frazaT xdeba da xelSekruleba
faratina qaRaldaT, TavisTavad cxadia, rom maSin marTlac Cven skep­
tikebi unda gavxdeT da am konferenciis dadebiTi, kargi Sedegebis ime­
di ar unda gvqondes. amaze mogaxsenebT: moqalaqeno, Suamdgomlobis
meti saSualeba Cven ar gvaqvs. (veSapeli: mec magas vambob!) am saSuale­
bas Cven vixmarT. me aq gamovdivar, rogorc mTavrobis warmomadgene­
li, me valdebulaT vracx Cems Tavs damfuZnebel krebas movaxseno, rom
mTavroba amowuravs yovelnair saSualebas, rom es saqme moagvaros.
is Tavis vals Seasrulebs da Tu amas Sesaferisi Sedegebi ar mohyveba,
rasakvirvelia, Cven amisaTvis pasuxisgebaSi veravin migvcems. Secda
veSapeli, rodesac man brZana, rom saqarTvelos mTavrobam ver miiRo

226
Sesaferisi zomebi Caldiris istoriaSio. me unda aRvniSno Tqvens
winaSe, ro es ase ar aris. marTlac Cven gvqonda cnoba da agreTve
gvqonda saqme realur faqtebTan, romelic gvarwmunebda imaSi, rom
Caldiris raionSi xdeba mcxovrebTa Jleta da agreTve maTi gandev­
na. ara erTma da orma axalma ltolvilma Seafara Tavi, Seexizna saqa­
rTvelos sazRvrebs. mTavrobam Tavis warmomadgenlis saSualebiT
erevanSi warudgina somxeTis mTavrobas Tavisi protesti, sadac is
aRniSnavda aseT moqmedebis dauSveblobas. (veSapeli: gamoqveynebuli
ar yofila!) me Tqven mogaxsenebT faqts, xolo yvelafris gamoqveyneba,
rac xdeba, saWiro ar aris. is zomebi, romelsac Cven mivmarTeT yar­
sis olqSi da yarabaRis istoriaSi, aseTive zomebi miviReT meore
saxelmwifoSiac. am SemTxvevaSi Cveni pozicia iseTi iyo, romelsac
mivyevarT erTa Soris solidarobisaken. Cven mets veravin mogvTxovs.
yovelive is, risi gakeTebac SegveZlo, Cven gavakeTeT da Tu marTlac
borotebam imdenad gaidga fexi amierkavkasiis farglebSi, rom misi
amogleja ver SevZeliT, Tavis Tavad cxadia, rom aq danaSuli saqa­
rTvelos mTavrobas ar miuZRvis. aseTia moqalaqeno, Cveni azri da
vfiqrob, rom TviT-dacvis instiqti aiZulebs rogorc azerbeijans
ise somxeTis mTavrobas, daubrunden sworeT im meTods, romelic xe­
lSekrulebaSi aris aRniSnuli, teritorialur sakiTxebis gadaWris
Sesaxeb. aseT imeds ar vkargavT da momavalSi muSaoba konferenciisa
gviCvenebs Tavis Sedegebs. vimeoreb, mTavroba yvela saWiro zomebs
miiRebs am ambebis salikvidacioT. (taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva b. ter-stefaniancs ekuTvnis.
b. ter-stefanianci. (daSn.) me, batonebo, rogorc bolo ora­
tors cota sityva mrCeba. yvelaferi naTqvami iyo, magram mogaxsen­
ebT im azrs, im Sexedulebas romelic me dRes miviRe, rodesac mov­
ismine azerbeijanis parlamentis sagangebo sxdomis rezoliucia, da
agreTve misi protesti. da unda mogaxsenoT me Tqven, rom rodesac is
protesti wavikiTxe, SevniSne, rom es aris ara Tu rezoliucia ar­
amed, is aris saCivari. me im azrisa gaxlavarT, rom azerbeijanis par­
lamenti cdilobs, rom aq gvaCvenos Tavis Tavi, ise TiTqos araferi
codva ar hqondes. iseTi STabeWdileba moaxdinos Cvenze, rom azer­
beijans araferi danaSauloba ar hqonia. mas surs ise daanaxos yvelas
suraTi, rom TiTqos somxeTis mTavrobis gankargulebiT yarsis olqSi
yvelafers anadgureben da mTel xalxs Jleten. es marTali ar aris.
marTali mxolod is aris, rom Cven miviReT protesti, magram yvela
protesti xom marTali ar aris. me mgonia, Tqven kargaT mogexsenebaT
is faqtebi, romelic Cven xelT gvqonda. Tqven gaxsovT is xelSekrule­
ba, romelic saqarTvelos hqonda azerbeijanTan, magram iq araferia
dawerili imis Sesaxeb, rom azerbeijanma Tavisi agentebi gagzavnos
baTomSi da iq ajanyeba moaxdinos. me vici da Tqvenc kargad iciT, rom
mTeli yarsis olqi, ar emorCileba mTavrobas. da Tu mTavroba iZu­
lebuli iyo zomebi mieRo da amisaTvis azerbeijanis mTavrobas ki

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aseTi rezoliucia gamoetana, me es ar vici. me is vici, rom, roca b.
axverdovi modioda erevanSi, 5 milioni mihqonda ajanyebis mosawyo­
baT. Cven gvaqvs cnoba, rom es iyo agitaciis sawarmoebeli fuli. (ve­
Sapeli: imitom waarTves albaT!) mis mdivans waarTves 1 1/2 mil. mane­
Ti, sxva da sxva instruqciebi saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobisa. Tqven
unda icodeT, rom azerbeijanis Zlieri survilia iyos nawili didi
osmaleTisa, osmaleTs ki unda iq Tavisi gegemoniis damyareba. is am­
bebi, romelic axla xdeba ar aris sasiamovno, SeiZleba mas cudi Se­
degebi mohyves amier-kavkasiisaTvis, magram zangezuri, naxiCevani da
yarabaRi is xidebia, romliTac azerbeijans surs osmaleTs dauaxlo­
vdes da SeuerTdes. amitomac aris magrad ebRauWeba azerbeijani am
adgilebs. Cven yovel SemTxvevaSi ar varT mowveuli imisaTvis, rom es
gavarCioT, miT umetes Cven gvaqvs protestebi da rezoliuciebi mx­
olod erTis mxriv, meores mxriv ki, jer es ara gvaqvs. amitom sruli­
ad samarTliania is winadadeba, romelic Semoitana ak. Cxenkelma, rom
xalxma, damfuZnebelma krebam yoveli Rone unda iRonos, rom es sisx­
lis Rvra Sewydes, rom ufro kargaT vebrZoloT im mters, romelic
karze momdgaria. (taSi aqa-iq.)
Tavmjdomare. soc.-dem. fraqciis mier winadadeba aris Semotani­
li. gTxovT waikiTxoT.
mdivani kiTxulobs:
„moismina ra azerbeijanis parlamentis rezoliuciis mimarTva
kulturul xalxTa parlamentebisadmi yarsis olqSi da erevnis gu­
berniaSi momxdar ambebis gamo da iqonia ra msjeloba am saganze, dam­
fuZnebeli kreba aRniSnavs, rom
1) xmliT gadaWra nacionalur-teritorialuri sakiTxebisa sazo­
gadoT dasagmobi da gasakicxia. kerZod am SemTxvevaSi Tavis Sedege­
biT is damRupvelia upirveles yovlisa TviT azerbeijanisa da somxe­
Tis xalxebisaTvis.
2) amave dros or moZme erTa Soris mtroba da sisxlis Rvra xe­
lsayrelia mxolod imaTTvis, vinc cdilobs amier-kavkasiis damou­
kidebel respublikebis damxobas da demokratiis xangrZlivi brZoliT
monapovar Tavisuflebis mospobas. damfuZnebeli kreba Rrma mwuxa­
rebas gamosTqvams imis gamo, rom darRveulia 1919 w. 23 noembris
dadebuli SeTanxmeba azerbeijansa da somxeTs Soris.
amis gamo damfuZnebeli kreba mouwodebs moZme respublikebs ad­
erbeijans da somxeTs energiuli zomebi miiRos ubedurebis SesaCe­
reblad da sadao sakiTxebis morigeobiT dasaTaveblad. amasTanave
avalebs saqarTvelos mTavrobas, romelsac didi xania gadadgmuli
aqvs saWiro nabijebi amier-kavkasiis respublikaTa Soris sruli Se­
Taxmebisa da solidarobis dasamyareblad, dauyovnebliv miiRos Ses­
aferi zomebi“.
damfuZnebeli kreba avalebs prezidiums es rezoliucia acnobos
azerbeijanis da erevnis parlamentebs.

228
 Tavmjdomare. sxva proeqti xom aravisa aqvs? an sityvas xom ara­
vin inebebs? sityva aravis ar surs. kenWs vuyri. vin aris winaaRmdegi
winadadebisa? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. Tavi vin Seikava? aravin. ma­
Sasadame winadadeba miRebulia erTxmad. sxdoma daxuruli gaxlavT.

229
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

meTerTmete sxdoma

(11)

1920 weli. aprilis 20. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. saboloo teqstebi.
2. muxlobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – oficerTa da jariskac­
Ta tanisamosis formis Secvlis Sesaxeb.
3. zogadi ganxilva sadisciplino wesdebisa.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris ufrosi am­

xanagi
al. lomTaTiZe.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivani k. jafariZe.
prezidiumSi aris qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
sxdoma iwyeba SuadRis 12 s. da 45 wuT.
Tavmjdomare. sxdoma gaxsnili gaxlavT. mdivani mogaxsenebT dRi­
ur wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs):

dRis wesrigi:

1. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – oficerTa

da jariskacTa tanisamosis formis Secvlis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia
s. mdivani.
2. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – samxedro samin­
istros kulturul-ganmanTlebeli seqciis Statisa da xarjT-aR­
ricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.

231
 3. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – saqarTvelos
muzeumis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsen­
ebelia n. imnaiSvili.
4. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – centraluri
samecniero arqivis daarsebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
5. dekreti – saxelmwifo miwebze madnis kvleva-Ziebisa da da­
muSavebisaTvis micemul mowmobebisa, miCenis aqtebisa da xelSekru­
lobaTa gauqmebisa. moxsenebelia kir. niniZe.
6. dekreti – binebisa, oTaxebisa, kuTxeebisa, savaWro, samrewvelo,
saxelosno da sxva sadgomis udidesi qiris dawesebisa. momxsenebelia
m. rusia.
7. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – nafic msajul­
Ta sasamarTlos debulebis Secvlis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia m. rusia da
gr. giorgaZe.
8. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – mkvidrTagan mi­
tovebul yofil saxazino sanadelo miwebis saxelmwifo fondSi gad­
asvlis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia kir. niniZe.
9. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva sadisciplino wesdebisa. momxsenebe­
lia zaq. guruli.
Tavmjdomare. dRiuri wesrigis Sesaxeb Semosuli gaxlavT Semdegi
winadadebani: pirveli – iuridiuli komisia moiTxovs daebrunos mas
ukan dekreti saxelmwifo miwebze madanis aqtebisa da xelSekrule­
baTa gauqmebisa. meore – Sinagan-saqmeTa saministro mTavrobis
davalebiT Suamdgomlobs, rom radgan mTavrobas jer ar ganuxilavs
dekreti binebisa, oTaxebisa, kuTxeebisa, savaWro, samrewvelo, saxe­
losno da sxva sadgomis qiris dawesebisa, es proeqti moixsnas dRiuri
wesrigidan. mesame – agrarul komisiis winadadeba, rom kanon-proeqti
mkvidrTagan mitovebuli yofili saxazino sanadelo miwebis saxelm­
wifo fondSi gadasvlis Sesaxeb, daebrunos mas gadasamuSaveblad.
es sami sakiTxi Tanaxmad reglamentis ZaliT moxsnili iqneba dRi­
ur wesrigidan. amgvarad, dRiuri wesrigi damtkicebuli gaxlavT.
pirvel sakiTxis Sesaxeb mogaxsenebT batoni s. mdivani.
s. mdivani kiTxulobs meore muxlobriv ganxilvas kanon-proeqti­
sas – oficerTa da jariskacTa tanisamosis formis Secvlis Sesaxeb:

1. kanon-proeqti oficerTa da jariskacTa ­

tanisamosis formis Secvlisa.

1. damfuZnebeli krebis 1919 wlis ivlisis 29-s kanoniT damtkice­

buli oficerTa da jariskacTa tanisamosis formis nacvlad (kan. da
mTav. gankar. kreb. 1919 wl. # 14 kanoni 129) SemoRebul iqnes respub­
likis oficerTa da jariskacTa tanisamosis axali forma, am kanonTan
darTuli aRwerilobis Tanaxmad.

232
 2. respublikis armiis da gvardiis oficrebs axali formis tansac­
melis SeZenisaTvis mieces daxmarebis saxiT erTdroulad ori aTasi
(2.000) maneTi TviTeuls.
3. am kanonis meore (2) muxlSi aRniSnuli saWiroebisaTvis gace­
mul iqnes saxelmwifo xazinidan samxedro ministris gankarguleba­
Si samxedro uwyebis 1919/1920 wlis xarjT-aRricxvis damatebad ori
milioni oTxas ocdaTeqvsmeti aTasi (2.436.000) maneTi.
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi kanon-proeqtisa? aravin. miRe­
bulia. gTxovT waikiTxoT aRwera formisa.

oficerTa da jariskacTa tanisamosis formis aRwera.

Cveulebrivi forma oficerTaTvis:

1. frenCi ukan naoWebiT, jibeebiT gverdze da gulze, yoSebiT;
yoSi ufolaqod da uSesakravod, ganiT 2 1/2 goji; jibeebi unakece­
bod. frenCze samxreulebi imave qsovilisagan garSemokerili jar­
Ta dargis fer yaiTniT, ganiT ZirSi 6 santim. da zedapirze 3 santi­
metri, sigrZe mxris mixedviT. sayelo amarTuli, dugmebiT Sesakravi.
sayeloze naWrebi qvemod naCveneb nimuSisa.
2. qarTuli xalaTi samxreuleebiT da ori jibeebiT gulze. ruxi,
damfaravi feri qsovilisa, sayelo. gulispiri da jibeebi Savi yaiT­
niT Semovlebuli. samxreulebi rogorc frenCze.
3. Salvari ruxi damfaravi ferisa, mokle, Sindisferis yaiTniT;
yovelgvar jarTaTvis mwyobr gareSe nebadarTulia Salvari ruxi,
molurjo ferisa, rogorc mokle, agreTve gadmoSvebuli.
4. qudi: a) boxoxi, ruxi sami verSokis simaRlisa (ca – damfaravi
ferisa); b) TuSuri qudi (omianobis dros damfaravi feris qsovili­
sa); Ziri boxoxisa da TuSuri qudisa gadakerilia jvaredinaT TeTri
buzmentiT. zafxulis ganmavlobaSi qudi inglisuri nimuSisaa. – dam­
faravi feris qsovilisaa.
5. palto SemuSavebuli nimuSisa ruxi damfaravi ferisa, erT
gverdiani. imave masalis samxreulebiT Semokerili yaiTniT, feri
jarTa dargis mixedviT da sayeloze naWrebiT, qvemoT naCveneb nimu­
Sisa.
6. fexsacmeli: a) maRal yeliani Ceqmebi; b) uyelo waRebi tolaRe­
biT an sacveTebiT da v) mwyobrs gareSe nebadarTulia uyelo waRa.

sadarajo forma oficrebisaTvis:

iseTive, rogorc Cveulebrivi, mxolod maRali yeliani CeqmebiT,

qamriT da liveriT (qamari moqnili tyavisa 1 1/4 gojis ganisa, ­mwyobrs
gareSe qarTuli qamari).

233
 savele forma oficerTaTvis:

iseTive, rogorc sadarajo, mxolod savele CanTiT ruqebisaTvis

da durbindiT.

iaraRi:

mwyobrSi, sadarajo formazed da ufrosebTan gamocxadebisas

yvelas, visTvisac dawesebulia iaraRis tareba, unda hqondes xmali;
savele formazed jaris yvela dargSi, cxenosan jaris garda, xanjali,
amas garda mwyobrSi laSqrobisa da sadarajo formazed – revolveri.

Cveulebrivi forma jariskacTaTvis:

1. iseTive qarTuli xalaTi, rogorc oficerTaTvis.

2. mokle Salvari imave ferisa, rogorc xalaTi, magram uyaiTnoT.
3. qudi iseTive, rogorc oficrebisa. rigis jariskacebs da Tav­
mdegebs, ubuzmentoT Zirze, xolo nacvlebsa da zemdegebs – buzmen­
tebiT.
4. palto iseTive, rogorc oficrebisa.
5. fexsacmeli: a) maRal yeliani Ceqmebi, uyelo waRebi tolaRebiT,
sacveTebiT an paiWebiT.
6. qamari iseTive, rogorc oficrebisa.

sadarajo forma jariskacTaTvis:

iseTive, rogorc Cveulebrivi, mxolod erTi vezniT.

savele forma jariskacTaTvis:

iseTive, rogorc sadarajo, mxolod Tan erTvis ori vezna, CanTa,

tarantaSi, saTadarigo CanTa, sasangre iaraRi, savele karavi, misi
nawilebi, patara qvabi da maTara.
gasarCevi niSnebi oficrebisa da jariskacebisaTvis jaris dargis
mixedviT samxreulebze.
gasarCevi niSnebi jaris dargis gamosacnobad oficrebisa da ja­
riskacebisaTvis aris liTonis niSani (TiTbrisa), romelsac atareben
samxreulze.

234
 qveiTa jarSi:

ori gadajvaredinebuli Tofi.

artileriaSi:

ori gadajvaredinebuli zarbazani da SuaSi aliani yumbara.

cxenosan jarSi:

ori gadajvaredinebuli xmali.

sainJenero jarSi:

sapiorTaTvis – gadajvaredinebuli weraqvi da niCafi.

saavtomobilo nawilSi – avtomobili.
saaviacio nawilSi – haeroplani.
topografTaTvis – fargali samkuTxediT.

TanamdebobaTa gasarCevi niSnebi:

feradi naWrebi (petlici) xalaTis, frenCis da paltos sayeloebze.

leitenantisaTvis – kuTxe erTi varskvlaviT.
ufros leitenantisaTvis – kuTxe ori varskvlaviT.
kapitnisaTvis – kuTxe sami varskvlaviT.
maiorisaTvis – ori kuTxe ori varskvlaviT.
polkovnikisaTvis – ori kuTxe sami varskvlaviT.
generlisaTvis – kuTxe zigzagebiT da erTi varskvlavi.
generlisaTvis – kuTxe zigzagebiT da erTi varskvlavi.
samxedro ministris amxanagisTvis, laSqris sardlisaTvis da sam­
xedro sabWos wevrisaTvis – kuTxe zigzagebiT da ori varskvlaviT.

miwa naWrebisa (petlicebisa) jaris dargis mixedviT,

1) qveiTa jarisaTvis da sayaraulo aTaseulisaTvis – Sindis feri.
2) cxenosan jarisTvis,
3) artileriisa, sainJenero-satexniko jarebisa da generalur
Stabis oficrebisaTvis – Savi.
4) sanapiro jarisTvis – mwvane.
5) samxedro skolisaTvis – wiTeli.
6) samxedro saministros ganyofilebisaTvis – jarTa dargis
mixedviT.

SeniSvna: kuTxeebi vercxlisa, varskvlavebi – oqrosi.

235
 gasarCevi niSnebi jariskacTaTvis:

1) Tavmdegs aqvs erTi liTonis varskvlavi paltos da xalaTis

sayeloze.
2) umcros nacvals – ori varskvlavi.
3) ufros nacvals – sami varskvlavi.
4) Semdegs sayelos Sua 1 gojis sigrZis da naxevari santimetris
siganis, zonari, feri jaris dargis mixedviT, sami varskvlaviT.
5) zedmet-msaxurTaTvis garda amisa emateba sayeloze kuTxe wve­
tiT qveiT, feri jaris dargis mixedviT.

kakarda:

oficrebisa arsebuli nimuSisa, mxolod amoburculi – Savi, TeTri

da Sindis feri, koncentriuli wreebiT; kakardis garSemo kuwubebi.
jariskacebisaTvis iseTive, mxolod prtyeli da ukuwubebo.

aqselbantebi:

Zafeulis damfaravi ferisa.

SeniSvna: dadgenilia im oficrebisaTvis, romelic aqvT adiutan­
tis wodeba, agreTve generaluri Stabis oficrebisaTvis.

dezebi:

dadgenilia imaTTvis, visac cxeni eZleva.

Sesakravebi:

xalaTze – yaiTnisa, frenCsa da paltoze – Zvlisa.

numeracia:

qveiTa jaris erTeulebisa da artileriis divizionisaTvis samx­

reulebze liTonis yviTeli ferisa an qsovili nomrebi.
qveiTa jarisa da artileriis erTeulebi aRiniSneba arabuli ci­
frebiT. brigadis nomrebi – romaulad, nomrebi Tavsdebian gasarCev
niSnis qvemo.
literebi samxreulebze unda iyos yviTeli feris liTonisa.
samxedro skolaSi „sk.“
saarmio artileriis divizionSi „arm.“
sadarajo aTaseulSi „d.“
samxedro saministros ganyofilebaSi „smm.“
sanapiro jaris sammarTveloSi „snp.“

236
 generalur Stabis oficrebisaTvis, rodesac isini asruleben im
Tanamdebobas, sadac Stabis mixedviT unda iyos generaluri Stabis
oficeri – saxelmwifo gerbi.

eqimTa da moxeleTa tanisamosis forma:

samxedro uwyebis eqimebi da moxeleni atareben iseTive frenCs

da xalaTs, rogorc oficrebi, samxreulebiT, magram Tanamdebobis
gasarCev niSnebis gamoklebiT.

gasarCevi niSnebi:

medicinis eqimebisaTvis – minanqris wiTeli jvari, beiTlebisaT­

vis lurji, danarCeni moxeleTaTvis yviTeli feri erTi varskvlavi
– yelis samxreulebze.

samoqalaqo tanisamosis tareba:

oficrebs da generlebs neba aqvs samsaxuris gareSe samoqalaqo

tanisamosi ataron.
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. forma miRebulia.
meore sakiTxis Sesaxeb mogaxsenebT batoni imnaiSvili.
nik. imnaiSvili. (kiTxulobs meore muxlobriv ganxilvas kanon-pro­
eqtisas – samxedro saministros kulturul ganmanaTlebeli seqciis
Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. kanon-proeqtebi
miRebul iqna Cveulebrivi wesiT.
Tavmjdomare. gTxovT mogvaxsenoT mesame sakiTxi.
imnaiSvili. (kiTxulobs meore muxlobriv ganxilvas kanon-proeq­
tisas saqarTvelos muzeumis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkice­
bis Sesaxeb. kanon-proeqti miRebul iqna Cveulebrivi wesiT).
Tavmjdomare. gTxovT moaxsenoT Semdegi sakiTxic.
imnaiSvili. (kiTxulobs meore muxlobriv ganxilvas kanon-proeq­
tisas – centraluri samecniero arqivis daarsebis Sesaxeb. kanon-pro­
eqti miRebul iqna Cveulebrivi wesiT da cotaodeni SesworebiT jama­
girebis gawesrigebaSi. soc.-dem. fraqciis winadadebiT amoiSala me-7
muxli).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis damf. krebis
wevrs baton m. rusias.
m. rusia. (kiTxulobs meore muxlobriv ganxilvas kanon-proeqti­
sas nafic msajulTa sasamarTlos debulebis Secvlis Sesaxeb, ris Sem­
degac damf. kreba kanon-proeqts ucvlelad iRebs).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva z. guruls ekuTvnis.

237
 meore zogadi ganxilva sadisciplino wesdebisa.

z. guruli (momxsenebeli). dRemde respublikis jarSi ar aris miRe­

buli, kanoniT gatarebuli, sadisciplino wesdeba. am nakls grZnob­
da jer kidev parlamentis dros, rogorc samxedro saministro, ise
parlamentTan daarsebuli samxedro komisia da maT erTad SeimuSaves
sadisciplino wesdeba. magram is wesdeba, vinaidan parlamenti daixu­
ra, samxedro komisiam drois uqonlobis gamo ver gaatara parlamen­
tSi. is, maTi SemuSavebuli wesdeba samxedro saministrom Semoitana
damf. krebasTan daarsebul samxedro komisiaSi da igi xelmeored iqna
ganxiluli. samxedro komisia Seecada es sadisciplino wesdeba See­
guebia im demokratiul sulTan, razedac aris agebuli Cveni jaris
da gvardiis saorganizacio kanonebi. am mizniT samxedro komisiam
bevri ram gamoaklo am SemuSavebul wesdebaSi. pirvel yovlisa am
wesdebidan sruliad amoSlilia erTi mTeli Tavi, romelic Seexeba
egreT wodebul sinidisis sasamarTlos (суд чести), rac, rogorc iciT,
Seexeba umTavresad da mxolod oficrobas. oficrobas ufleba hqonda
Tavis sinidisis sasamarTlos qonebisa da ukanasknelis dadgenileba
savaldebulo iyo jarSi mosamsaxure oficerTaTvis. am sasamarTlos
dadgenilebis ZaliT, Tu esa Tu is oficeri an samxedro piri daarRve­
vda eTikas, is unda gasuliyo jaridan da am dadgenilebis winaaRmdeg
ver wavidoda TviT samxedro ministric ki. gaZevebul oficers aRar
Rebuloben Semdeg samxedro wreSi. samxedro komisiis azriT es wesi
korporatiul sasamarTlosi ar Seefereba im demokratiul suls, ro­
melic aris gabatonebuli rogorc respublikaSi, ise kerZod jarSi,
amitom es Tavi amoRebuli unda yofiliyo. amas daeTanxma mTavrobis
warmomadgeneli, rasakvirvelia, garda oficrebisa.
amis Semdeg samxedro komisiam sadisciplino wesdeba gadaamuSava
sxva TavebSi da muxlebSiac da Tavis iniciativiT Seitana damfuZneb­
el krebaSi dRiur wesrigSi dasasmelad da gadugzavna mTavrobas da
iuridiul komisias gasarCevad. mTavrobam Semoitana Tavis mxriT ram­
denime Sesworeba, rac samxedro komisiam maSinve gadasca iuridiul
komisias da mis daskvnis Semdeg gairCa xelmeored es wesdeba. da axla
ukanaskneli teqsti, romelic aris warmodgenili damf. kr. winaSe aris
Sedegi sami dawesebulebis SeTanxmebisa. am wesdebaSi garkveviT aris
naTqvami, Tu ra movaleoba ekisreba samxedro pirs, rogorc oficers,
ise jariskacs. da mizani am wesdebisa pirvel muxlSi aris naTqvami.
iq saxeldobr naTqvamia: „samxedro disciplina avalebs samxedro pirs
samxedro kanonebSi aRniSnul wesdebis mtkiced da swored dacvas,
samsaxuris movaleobaTa keTilsindisieraT asrulebas, ufrosTa
brZanebis simtkiciTa da sisworiT Sesrulebas da ufrosebis mimarT
Sesafer pativiscemas“.
wesdebaSi garkveviT aris naTqvami Tu rodis SeiZleba disci­
plinaruli sasjelis miniWeba damnaSaveTaTvis. komisia Seecada am wes­

238
debaSive Seetana iseTi Tavi, romlis ZaliT arc erT ufross ar eqneba
SeZleba borotad isargeblos Tavis xelqveiTis mimarT zemoxsenebul
TaviT. upirveles yovlisa disciplinarul sasjelis miniWebis ufle­
ba eZleva mxolod brigadis ufross. imaze uncros oficers an ja­
riskacs sasjelis miniWebis ufleba ar aqvs. maT SeuZliaT mxolod
moaxsenon ufross damnaSavis Sesaxeb da misi gankarguleba Seasru­
lon. aq mizani imaSi mdgomareobs, rom ufro samarTlianad moxdes
sasjelis miniWeba. Semdeg wesdebis ZaliT, unda SemoRebul iqnes yve­
la erTeulebSi sasjelis Jurnali, romelSiac sisworiT unda iqnes
Cawerili yoveli SemTxveva disciplinalur sasjelis dadebisa. Sem­
deg aTaseulis ufrosebi valdebulni arian es Jurnalebi usaTuod
gadaaTvalieron da maSasadame gaigon sisworiT aris misjili esa Tu
is danaSauli Tu ara? Tu ar aris sisworiT misjili, man unda miiRos
zomebi, raTa aseTi ar moxdes SemdegSi. magram komisia ar daendo aseT
SesaZlebel samarTlianobis dacvas da wesdebaSi Seitana iseTi mux­
li, romlis ZaliT yvela gundSi SemoRebuli iqneba komisia Semdgari
aTasi ufrosisagan da ori gundis ufros jariskacebisagan, romelic
valdebuli iqneba gansazRvrul droSi gadasinjos erTeulebSi ar­
sebuli Jurnali da gaigos ramdenad samarTlianad swarmoebs sasje­
lis dadeba da agreTve misi sisruleSi moyvana. yvela dasjils ufle­
ba aqvs komisias saCivriT mimarTos Tu is grZnobs, rom usamarTlod
aris dasjili an ufro mkacrad aris dasjili, vinem es mas ekuTvnis. ai
yvela is, ris Setanasac Seecada wesdebaSi komisia da vinaidan disci­
plinaluri wesdebis uqonloba jarSi xels uSlis am jaris muSaobas
da mowyobas, amitom komisia Suamdgomlobs Tqvens winaSe miiRoT es
disciplinaluri wesdeba da gaataroT igi.
Tavmjdomare. winadadeba aris Semosul msjelobis dasrulebis
Sesaxeb. msjeloba dasrulebulia. es dekreti gava kanon-proeqtis
saxiT. muxlobrivi ganxilva moxdeba Semdeg kviraSi. vinaidan dRiu­
ri wesrigi amowurulia, gTxovT moismonoT Semdegi sxdomis dRiuri
wesrigi.
mdivani kiTxulobs.
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas daxurulad vacxadeb.
sxdoma 1 1/2 saaTze ixureba.

239
240
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

meTormete sxdoma

(12)

1920 weli. aprilis 23. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. saboloo teqstebi.
2. SekiTxva damf. krebis wevris veSapelisa tyis kanonis Seus­
ruleblobis Sesaxeb.
3. dekreti damf. krebis xelov. komis. gankarg. 3000.000 man ga­
dadebisa „26 maisis“ dResaswaulis mosawyobad.
4. dekreti tfilisis samxedro skolis saWiroebisaTvis 195.000
man. damatebiT gadadebisa.
5. dekreti aleqsandres saxelobis bavSvTa TavSesafris Statis
da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris amxanagi

eqvTime TayaiSvili.
mdivnobs damfuZnebel krebis mdivnis amx. qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
sxdoma iwyeba SuadRis 11 saaT. da 5 wuT.
Tavmjdomare. sxdoma gaxsnili gaxlavT. mdivani mogaxsenebT komi­
siaSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtebs da dRiur wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs komisiaSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtebs).

241
 komisiaSi gadasacemi kanon-proeqtebi:

1. iusticiis ministris kanon-proeqti samxedro nafic-msajulTa

debulebis Secvlisa.
2. finansTa da vaWroba-mrewvelobis ministris proeqti dekreti­
sa abreSumis parkis, Tambaqosi da matylis mwarmoebelTaTvis dax­
marebisa da maTTan SeTanxmebiT am nawarmoebis gayidvis Sesaxeb.
3. finansTa da vaWroba-mrewvelobis ministris proeqti am saminis­
trosTan arsebuli satexniko komitetis debulebisa.
4. finansTa ministris proeqti dekretisa saxelmwifo qaRaldebis
dammzadebel eqspediciis axal binaze gadatanisa da am binis gada­
keTebisaTvis 5.080.354 man. da 87 ka. gadadebis Sesaxeb.
(Semdeg mdivani kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs).

dRiuri wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti kanonisa oficerTa da jaris kacTa tanisamo­

sis formis Secvlis Sesaxeb.
2. saboloo teqsti kanonisa samxedro-saministros kulturul
ganmanaTlebeli seqciis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Se­
saxeb.
3. saboloo teqsti kanonisa saqarTvelos muzeumis Statisa da
xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
4. saboloo teqsti kanonisa centraluri samecniero arqivis
daarsebis Sesaxeb.
5. saboloo teqsti kanonisa nafic msajulTa sasamarTlos
debulebis Secvlis Sesaxeb.
6. damfuZnebel krebis wevris gr. veSapelis mTavrobisadmi SekiTx­
va tyis kanonis Seusruleblobis Sesaxeb.
7. dekreti damfuZnebel krebis xelovnebis komisiis gankargule­
baSi 300.000 man. gadadebisa „26 maisis dResaswaulis mosawyobad.“
8. dekreti tfilisis samxedro skolis saWiroebisaTvis damatebiT
195.000 man. gadadebisa.
9. dekreti aleqsandres saxelobis bavSvTa TavSesafaris Statisa
da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva wesrigis Sesaxeb? msurveli aravin
gaxlavT. vin aris winaaRmdegi wesrigis damtkicebisa? aravin. miRebu­
lia. mogxsendebaT saboloo teqstebi.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli. (kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigSi aRniSnul 1, 2, 3,
4 da 5 sakanonmdeblo aqtebs, romelsac damf. kreba ucvlelad iRebs).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b-on veSapels.

242
 1. damfuZnebeli krebis wevris gr. veSapelis SekiTxva
mTavrobisadmi tyis kanonis Seusruleblobis Sesaxeb.

gr. veSapeli. (e.-p.) batonebo, ama wels Tebervlis 13 me Semovitane

SekiTxva, rom dekreti tyis Sesaxeb gamocemuli warsuli wlis dekem­
bris 5 ar xorcieldeba. Tavis droze es SekiTxva ver iqna ganxiluli
jer damfuZnebel krebis morig saqmeebis gamo da Semdeg kanikulebis
gamo. magram exlac aprilSi, am SekiTxvas mainc darCa Tavisi mniSvn­
eloba. Tumca SekiTxvis Setanis Semdeg, am kanonis ganxorcielebis
saqmeSi miwaT-moqmedebis saministrom gadadga nabijebi, magram saqme
imaSia, rom es nabijebi da am nabijebis cxovrebaSi gatareba, yovel
SemTxvevaSi, ar eTanxmeba da ar warmoadgens kanonis ganxorcielebas.
rogorc mogexsenebaT warsuli wlis dekembris 5 dekreti ambobda,
rom yovel mesakuTres, romelsac tyis garda sxva miwa sul ar hqonda,
an normaze naklebi hqondaT, sakuTar, CamorTmeul tyidgan unda mis­
cemoda imdeni, rom sxva miwebTan erTad norma Sesruleboda. es iyo
erTi kategoriuli moTxovnileba am kanonisa.
Semdeg kanonSi iyo naTqvami imaze, Tu romel kategorias ekuTv­
noda tye, mere iyo naTqvami am tyis gacvlis Sesaxeb sxva da sxva nair
miwaze, Semdeg iyo naTqvami Sig sofelSi mdebare tyeebis bedze, rom­
lebic sul mTlad unda CaiTvalos Temis sakuTrebad. Semdeg qalaqis
da erobebis tyeebis ar CamorTmevis Sesaxeb da agreTve soflis mcx­
ovrebTaTvis xe-tyis masalis gansazRvrul normaSi ufasod micemis
Sesaxeb iq, sadac sazogadoebis an soflis sakuTari tyeebi gansakuTre­
bul mniSvnelobis gamo saxelmwifo sakuTrebad aris gamocxadebuli.
e. i. dekretSi ori mTavari sagani iyo: erTi Seexeboda mesakuTreTaT­
vis normis Sevsebas tyiT, meore iyo gansakuTrebul pirobebSi soflis
mxcovrebTa mier tyis ufasod sargeblobis sakiTxi. Tqven mogexsene­
baT, rom, rodesac es dekreti gatarda, gatarda soc.-demokratiuli
fraqciis TaosnobiT. mogexsenebaT Tu rogori ganmarteba iyo war­
modgenili, rogorc momxseneblis mier, ise kamaTis dros. iyo naTq­
vami, rom es dekreti warmoadgens aucilebel nabijs Cvens agrarul
reformis cxovrebaSi, rogorc politikuri, ise ekonomiuri mosaz­
rebiT. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom es dekreti iyo uflebrivi likvidacia im
arev-darevisa, romelmac iCina Tavi zogierT alagas bolSevikebis me­
oxebiT, romlebmac tyis sakiTxi gamoiyenes rogorc saukeTeso sagani
mTavrobis winaaRmdeg ajanyebis mosawyobad. marTalia Tqven ajanyeba
CaaqreT saxelmwifoebrivi, Ceulebrivi zomebiT, magram arev-dareva
mainc darCa.
rogorc sxva yvela dekrets, ise am dekretsac hqonda ukanask­
neli muxli, rom dekreti ese ZalaSi Sedis dRidgan miRebisa dam­
fuZnebeli krebis miero. es Cveulebrivi formulaa, magram Tavis-Ta­
vad cxadia, rom rodesac dekrets miewereba aseTi formula Sesaxeb

243
dauyovnebliv ZalaSi Sesvlisa, Tavis-Tavad cxadia, rom es dekreti
unda ganxorcildes yovelive siCqariT. faqtiurad, SeiZleba iTqvas
rom es dekreti dResac ar aris ganxorcielebuli, an Tu aris ganx­
orcielebuli, ara ise, rogorc amas kanonmdebeli gulisxmobda. ram­
denime faqts mogaxsenebT am tyis sakiTxis Sesaxeb. ai, magaliTad, saCx­
eris raionSi aris didi tye, romelic saxeliT TavadiSvilebisa iyo
– wereTlebisa, magram namdvilad Zalian bevri glexi iyo mesakuTre im
tyisa sxva da sxva gziT. aris sofeli, romelic TiTqmis Casaxlebuli
aris im tyeSi, romelic exla saxelmwifo tyed aris gadaqceuli. am
tyis mesakuTreebis da saerTod soflis meurneobis dakmayofilebis
Sesaxeb iyo ramdenime Suamdgomloba damfuZnebl krebaSi, agrarul
komisiaSi, iyo Suamdgomloba satyeo uwyebaSi da kidev mTavrobis
TavmjdomaresTan. am 5 dekembris dekretis gamocemis Semdeg, rogorc
damfuZnebel krebis agrarul komisiaSi, ise saministroSiac upasuxes
dainteresebul soflis sazogadoebas – iq ramdenime soflis sazoga­
doeba aris dainteresebuli, magram sakiTxi aRZra argveTis sazoga­
doebam – upasuxes, rom Tqven dakmayofilebuli xarT, radgan dekreti
gamoica da Tqven ufleba gaqvT normis farglebSi miiRoT tyeo. aseTi
iyo pasuxi. namdvilad ki, marTalia ukanasknel dros saCxereSi ar vy­
ofilvar, magram dekretis gamocemis Semdeg viyavi da araviTari nabi­
ji ar aris gadadgmuli, rom es dekreti ganxorcielebuli yofiliyo.
rodesac me SevekiTxe saCxeris Temis gamgeobas, Tu rogor fiqrobdnen
am dekretis ganxorcielebas saerTod da kerZod im sakiTxis gadawyve­
tas, romelic glexebis mier aris aRZruli da romlis Sesaxeb mosu­
li aris pasuxi damfuZnebl krebidgan, saCxeris Temis gamgeobam aseTi
pasuxi mogvca, rom es sakiTxi Zalian rTuli aris, tye Zalian didi,
monawileni Zalian bevri, aq gansakuTrebuli komisia aris saWiro da
rac Seexeba imas, rom sanamdis es tye sakuTrebad gamocxaddebodes, ma­
namde ufasod sargeblobis ufleba hqonodaT, rasac glexi iTxovs Ta­
naxmad dekretisa, amaze Temis Tavmjdomarem sTqva, rom dekretSi swe­
ria, rom mieces xe-tyis masalis gansazRvruli norma, magram, radganac
ar sweria Tu ramdeni unda mieces – Cven ar SegviZlian amis Sesruleba,
sanam ar mogvecema instruqcia, Tu ramdeni unda mivceTo. es dekreti
ar xorcieldeba imitom, rom adgilobriv administratiul organoebs
– erobebs, Temebs araferi ar SeuZliaT gaakeTon, imitom, rom dekret­
Si ar sweria, ramdeni unda mieceT mesakuTreebs. uwyebebi ki instruq­
cias ar gzavnian, romelic miwadmoqmedebis saministrom am dekretis
gansaxorcieleblad Seadgina, e. i. gamosca Tebervlis 20-s. me ar vici
es iyo Tu ara Sedegi SekiTxvisa, imitom, rom qronologiurad Teberv­
lis 19 iyo Semotanili SekiTxva da 20 Tebervals b. xomerikma moicala
instruqcia Seedgina im kanonisaTvis, romelic iyo gamocemuli saCqa­
rod. magram iyo faqti am instruqciis Sedgenamde, yovel SemTxvevaSi
es iyo saCivari erT-erT damfuZnebel krebis wevrisa agrarul komisi­
aSi, romelSic saerTod axasiaTebda goris mazras tyis sakiTxis glaxa

244
mowyobas da kerZod aRniSnavda, rom dekreti ar xorcieldebao. am
damf. krebis wevris gancxadebis gamo agrarul komisiam – es oqmi aris
dawerili – Tebervlis 4-s daadgina, rom (kiTxulobs).
es iyo 4 Tebervals. rogorc mogaxseneT Tebervlis 20 b. ministr­
ma gamosca instruqcia. kidev erTi faqti. am dekretis gamocxadebis
Semdeg axalcixidan iyvnen miwaT-moqmedebis saministroSi sofel oS­
oris glexebis warmomadgenlebi da maT ganacxades, rom maT tyis gamge
– mcvelebi ukrZalaven tyidgan xe-tyis gatanas. es tyis alagi yovelT­
vis iyo wyarod xe-tyis masalis mowodebisa javaxeTSi da ai am tyis
mcvelebi acxadeben, rom es saxelmwifo tye aris da ar SeiZleba rame
moiWraso. ase rom sadac aseT rameebs hqonda adgili, da me mxolod
nacnob faqtebs geubnebiT, imitom rom damfuZnebel krebis agrarul
komisiaSi iyo Semotanili da darwmunebuli var, rom es magaliTe­
bi tipiuria yvela sxva mazrebisaTvis, rom ufasod aravis ar eZle­
va tyis masala winaaRmdeg dekretisa. da saerTod ki grZnobT metis
met fiskaluri xazinis interesebis dacvas tyis sargeblobis sakiTx­
Si, romelic aucileblad uweso movlenas warmoadgens, imitom, rom
ufro auaresebs glexebis mdgomareobas, vidre Zveli reJimis dros
iyo. es aris faqti.
mogexsenebaT, rom adgilobriv magaliTad, saCxeresa da axalcixe­
Si ase iyo. amas xsniden imiT, rom Cven ar SegviZlia tyeebi gavanawi­
loT, sanam instruqcia ar gveqnebao. sCans, rom saministroSi ar apire­
ben instruqciis gamocemas. amboben, rom miwaT-moqmedebis saministro
principialurad ar eTanxmeba damfuZnebeli krebis dekretso, da erT­
gvar gaWianurebiT, ucxo sityva rom vixmaroT, sabotaJiT unda, rom
sxvanairi mdgomareoba Seqmnas. amis Sesaxeb kategoriuli gancxadeba
iyo da Tu vinme winaaRmdegs ityvis, me mousmen mas.
SiSi iyo, rom instruqcia aRar iqneboda. instruqcia mainc dai­
wera Tebervlis 20 1920 wels. instruqciaSi sul 10 muxli aris, mag.
zogi am muxlebidan, me mgonia ewinaaRmdegeba TviT dekrets.
yovel SemTxvevaSi es instruqcia ar warmoadgens iseTs nabijs
miwaT moqmedebis saministroisas, rom dauyonebliv, umtkivneulod
da mcxovrebTa sasargeblod iyos cxovrebaSi gatarebuli damfuZne­
beli krebis dekreti, aramed is warmoadgens iseTs ganmartebas, rom
saministro iyenebs yovel sabuTebs, an kanoniers dekretis mixedviT,
an ukanonos, rom faqtiurad mainc ar iqnas gatarebuli dekreti ise,
rogorc egonaT TviT avtorebs. ai magaliTad instruqciis me-5 muxli
ambobs (kiTxulobs instr. me-5 muxls). dekretSi aris laparaki sof­
lis sazogadoebis da soflis tyeebis Sesaxeb. me-4 muxli dekretisa
ambobs.(kiTxulobs me-4 muxls).
ese igi saxelmwifod gamocxadebis Sesaxeb dekreti aZlevs sa­
Sualebas miwaT-moqmedebis saministros mxolod soflis sazoga­
doebis da sakuTari tyeebis Sesaxeb. rac Seexeba sxva tyeebs, amis sa­
Sualeba miwaT-moqmedebis saministros ar aqvs dekretiT. amis Sesaxeb

245
dekretSi araferia naTqvami, rom ar SeiZleba tyis micema, Tu tye aris
gamocxadebuli saxelmwifod gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobis gamo. es
rom yofiliyo dekretSi, maSin gaugebari iqneboda is kamaTi, rome­
lic iyo momxseneblis an am kanon-proeqtis damcvelebis da SemkiTx­
velis Soris, romelic aris aRbeWdili stenografiul angariSSi. iq
momxseneblebi ambobdnen: Cven ar gveSinia imisi, rom kerZo mesakuTres
miecema tyeo Tundac iseTi, romlis saxelmwifo mniSvneloba aSkaraa
imitom, rom aseTi bevri ar aris. an da rom iyos kidec mesakuTre, da­
icavs am tyes Tu ki darwmunebuli iqneba, rom is misi sakuTreba aris.
rodesac es gamocxadebuli iyo, miwad-moqmedebis saministros ar
qonda ufleba Tavis satyeo administraciisTvis mieca instruqcia,
rom Tqven SegiZliaT gamonaklisi dauSvaT, Tu tye saxelmwifoebriv
mniSvnelobis ariso. es exeba sxvadasxvanair tyes. exeba kerZo mesa­
kuTris tyes da dekreti araviTar saSualebas aseTnair ganmartebi­
sas ar aZlevs miwad-moqmedebis saministros. es warmoadgens, albaT,
imas, rom miwad-moqmedebis saministro iyo winaaRmdegi am dekreti­
sa, swored am saganSi da Tavis instruqciiT unda axla meore kanoni
gamosces. Tavis Tvalsazriss anxorcielebs instruqciis ZaliT. es im
instruqciaTa rigs ekuTvnis, romelic saidumloebiT aris moculi da
winaaRmdeg Cveulebisa da adaTisa ar cxaddeba gazeTebSi. moqalaqem
unda gaigos, rogor ganmartebas aZlevs saministro damfuZnebel kre­
bis kanons. aris kidev ori muxli, Tumca yvelas ar wagikiTxavT, Tumca
SemiZlia vTqva, rom yvela muxli warmoadgens survils axal kanonis
gamocemisas (kiTxulobs me-9 muxls). Tu damfuZnebeli kreba akanonebs
ufasod xe-tyis masalis micemas gansazRvrul dros da alags, e. i. im
tyeebidan, romelnic winad soflis sakuTrebas warmoadgendnen da
amisTvis visac sWiria, xe-tyis masala ufasod unda mieces, maSin Tav­
is Tavad cxadia, rom yovlad SeuZlebelia damfuZnebeli krebis kat­
egoriuli gancxadebis Semdeg, rom es ufasod aris misacemio, samin­
istrom gamoacxados, rom 10% gadasaxadi aris savaldebuloo. jer
erTi, rom misi gadideba SeiZleba iseT zomamde, rom SesaZloa TiTqmis
Seedaros xe-tyis masala Cveulebriv sabazro fass, magram amas Tavi
davaneboT. imis Semdeg rac damfuZnebeli kreba acxadebs amas ufa­
sod, datoveba 10% gadasaxadisa warmoadgens damfuZnebeli krebis
dekretis darRvevas da im politikis ganxorcielebas, romelsac mi­
wad-moqmedebis saministro ukarnaxebda satyeo gamgeobas. es dekreti
ar varga, cxovrebaSi ar gatardeba, da amitom Znelad hkidebdnen xels
amis gatarebas. es instruqcia Tebervlis 20-s aris gamocemuli, magram
SemiZlia vTqva, rom Tu am instruqciis gamoucemlobiT amarTlebd­
nen dekretis ganuxorcieleblobas, amis Semdegac, rogorc saval­
debulo, es dekreti arsad ar aris gatarebuli. axalcixis mazraSi
SemTxveviT Camoutana axalcixis erobas saaRdgomod Tebervlis 20-s
gamocemuli instruqcia erTma kerZo pirma. es iyo axlad gadmoyvani­
li erT-erT raionul komisiis mdivani, romelic gadmoiyvanes goris

246
agrarul komisiidan, romelsac ar SeuZlia mTeli samazro masStabiT
muSaoba da aris mxolod mimReb komisiis moxele. da TviT instruqciis
gamocxadebis Semdeg am wlis martis 3-s, miwad-moqmedebis saministros
satyeo ganyofilebas dauyenebia mTeli rigi kiTxvebisa. aris 7 kiTxva
rusulad dawerili. mogaxsenebT qarTulad. aq aris kiTxvebi yvela im
sagnebis Sesaxeb, romelic Seexeba am dekrets. magaliTad aseTi kiTx­
vaa: romeli soflebi sargebloben servitutis uflebiT, ramdeni tye
hqondaT, ramdeni sofeli SeeZlo daekmayofilebina, ra valdebule­
ba hqoda mTavrobas, ramden mcvels aZlevda sofeli tyis dasacavad.
Semdeg 17, 18, 19 wels ra iyo da axla SeiZleba Tu ara am tyiT dak­
mayofileba? TviT winasityvaobaSi satyeo ganyofileba ityobineba,
rom es aris saWiro imisTvis, rom cxov­rebaSi gavataroT dekembris
5-is dekretio. dekreti gamocxadebulia dekembris 5-s, instruqcia
Tebervlis 20-s. da martis 3-s axal anketas acxadeben. ase rom satyeo
ganyofilebas jer warmodgenili ar aqvs, rom dekreti cxovrebaSi ga­
tarebuli unda iyves. me ar vici ramdeni dro dasWirdeba am dekretis
cxovrebaSi gatarebas. mgonia yvelaferi es warmoadgens darRvevas
kerZod damfuZnebeli krebis mier miRebul dekretisas, romelic gan­
sakuTrebiT saSuri iyo, rogorc ekonomiuris, ise politikuris mo­
sazrebiT da Tavis Tavad warmoadgens nimuSs imisas, rogor sruldeba
CvenSi kanoni, Tundac iseTi, romelTac aweriaT: „ZalaSi Sedis dRi­
dan miRebisa damfuZnebeli krebis mier“.
me mgonia, rom es aris saerTo movlena. saerTo movlena aris is,
rom Tu kanoni sasiamovno ar aris uwyebisaTvis, saerTo administra­
tiul organoebisaTvis, maSin igi an ar xorcieldeba, an glaxad xor­
cieldeba da Tu saSualeba aqvT instruqciis gamocemisa, faqtiurad
kanoni am instruqciiT uqmdeba. kerZod am instruqciis Sesaxeb unda
gamovTqva Cemi azri, rom sanam mis gamocxadebis Sesaxeb ar aris erTg­
vari wesi, sanam ar aris mTavrobis gazeTebSi gamocxadebis wesi, manam
es warmoadgens pirdapir ukanono ganmartebas, imitom rom jer erTi
instruqciis gamocemis ufleba uwyebas unda hqondes mxolod maSin,
roca saTanado kanonSi aris es SesaZlebloba datovebuli. Cven viciT
mTeli rigi kanonebisa, sadac yofila damatebuli, rom uwyebas ufle­
ba aqvs instruqciebis gamocemisao.
tyis Sesaxeb damfuZnebel krebas miwad-moqmedebis saministrosaT­
vis ar miucia es ufleba. miuxedavad amisa es instruqcia iyo gamoce­
muli. es amaxinjebda dekrets da mxolod saSualeba aqvs ar ganaxor­
cielos misTvis miRebuli dekreti da kanoni. me mgonia es ukanonoba
unda moispos.
aq am SemTxvevaSi ki ara yofila es darTuli.
Tavmjdomare. sityva baton arseniZes ekuTvnis.
m. arseniZe (iust. minist.) damfuZnebeli krebis wevrno! yovel
SekiTxvas aqvs erTgvari azri da mniSvneloba, an sazogadoebrivi, an
politikuri.

247
 am SekiTxvas Cven Tavidanve vaZlevdiT did politikursa da sazo­
gadoebriv mniSvnelobas, imitom ki ara, rom igi iseTi dasabuTebuli
da Rrmad safuZvliani iyo, aramed imitom, rom igi exeba metad rTul­
sa da metad mniSvnelovan sakiTxs, rogoric aris tyis sakiTxi.
Tu saerTod revoliucionur SemoqmedebaSi agraruli reformis
gatareba umTavresi iyo, miT umetes, am agrarul reformaSi, SeiZleba
Tamamad iTqvas, tyis sakiTxi yvelaze rTuli, yvelaze mniSvnelovani
aris CvenSi.
rasakvirvelia, aseTi sakiTxis gatarebis dros aTasgvari uxerxu­
loba da nakli aris mosalodneli. yvela amis gamonaxva arc ise Znelia,
rogorc es b. veSapels gasZnelebia, romelmac 2–3 Tvis ganmavlobaSi
mxolod ori mWle faqti gamosZebna da dagvisaxela viTomda kanonis
Seusruleblobisa. miuxedavad amisa... (veSapeli adgilidan: msuqa­
ni Tqven brZandebiT!) me sruliad ara msurs am Jamad arc msuqan veS­
pels gamovudge, arc mis msuqan faqtebze vilaparako da maT garCevas
Sevudge. aq aRiZra erTi didi sakiTxi da me minda erTis TxovniT mivm­
arTo damfuZnebel krebas da es Txovna davasabuTo.
am sakiTSi ar aqvs mniSvneloba imas, rac ilaparaka veSapelma. Cven
ar gamovudgebiT imis garCevas, daarRvia Tu ara vinmem damfuZnebe­
li krebis mier miRebuli kanoni. rac Seexeba mis meore gancxadebas,
TiTqos miwadmoqmedebis saministros instruqciebiT gaeuqmebinos
kanoni, unda giTxraT, rom es ase ar aris. marTalia, rogorc mixai­
lovski ambobda, dava yvelaferze SeiZleba, magram davis dawyeba ar
niSnavs damtkicebas.
b. veSapelma unda icodes, rom, rodesac aris gansakuTrebuli
saxelmwifoebrivi organo, romelic icavs kanonierebas, im SemTxveva­
Si yoveli piri, romelic ukmayofilo aris instruqciiT, SeuZlia mim­
arTos am organos da misgan miiRos kompetenturi ganmarteba da ase
Tu ise, gveqneba Cven maSin gadaWrili azri. aseTi organo Cven saxelm­
wifos ukve moepoveba da Tu vismes surs daamtkicos ukanonoba kanon­
ieris gziT – mas aseTi saSualeba aqvs. (asaTiani adgilidan: romeli
organoa es?) es organo gaxlavT senati. (asaTiani adgilidan: senats
aSoreben yovelgvar mxares agraruli sakiTxisas). jer Cven ar viciT
iseTi SemTxveva, rom misTvis ganmartebiTi wesiT CamoeSorebinaT es
ufleba da Tu amas CamoaSoreben, maSin vnaxavT.
arc erTi sakiTxi kanonierebisa jer senatisaTvis ar CamouSore­
biaT da sanam faqti ar aris, masze msjeloba ar SeiZleba, ise, rogorc
ar aris Rirseuli Tqveni mtkiceba, TiTqos imitom ar gakeTda tyis
sakiTxi, rom ministrs ar surdao. me minda vTqva, raki es sakiTxi dais­
va... (veSapeli: Tqven brZandebiT miwad-moqmedebis ministri?) me gax­
lavar mTavrobis warmomadgeneli, b. veSapelo, da mTavrobis wevri
pasuxs agebs mTel mTavrobis moqmedebaze. diax, me gelaparakebiT aq
ara rogorc iusticiis ministri, aramed rogorc mTavrobis wevri.

248
(veSapeli: viciT!) Tu iciT, awi mainc wvrilman replikebs nu wamois­
roliT, isini sxva droisaTvis SemoinaxeT.
maSasadame, raki es sakiTxi daisva, Cven gvsurs, yovel mxriv iyos
gaSuqebuli. is sakiTxi, romelic aRiZra aq, TviTon ar iyo Setanili
SekiTxvis teqstSi. me ramdenjerme gadavikiTxe es teqsti, magram aq
aris mxolod ori sityva naTqvami, rom dRemdi tyis kanoni ar xor­
cieldeboda, e. i. SekiTxvis Semotanis dRemdi – 13 Tebervlamdi. Cven
viciT, rom Tebervlamdi arc SeiZleboda ganxorcieleba am kanonisa.
Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi imas, rom tyeebi mTebSi aris da mTebi ki
daTovlili iyo da iq muSaobas SeuZlebels xdida – cxadia, rom Te­
bervlamdi SeuZlebeli iyo ramis gakeTeba tyis sakiTxis mosawesri­
geblad. me mgonia, rom am zogadi pasuxiT unda dakmayofilebuliyo
b. veSapeli, magram man aq daumata mTeli rigi sxva kiTxvebisa, romel­
ic gvaiZuleben, miuxedavad imisa, sabuTiania isini Tu ara – gadavSa­
loT damfuZnebeli krebis winaSe mTeli suraTi satyeo muSaobisa
yvela misi cnobebiT da muSaobis aRnusxviT. mTavrobas surs yvela es
dalagebiT iqnes gaSuqebuli damf. krebisaTvis da Tqvens winaSe ise
iqnes warmodgenili.
es ki ase swrafad SeuZlebelia. vinaidan muSaoba mimdinarea da
ara dasrulebuli – yovel dRe swarmoebs da aseT pirobebSi iq, Tqven
iciT, yovel wuTSi angariSis gamotana Znelia, is Txoulobs erTgvar
dros. amitom me mivmarTav damfuZnebel krebas, rom am sakiTxis arse­
biTi ganxilva, yvela am sabuTis warmosadgenad mTavrobas miscemoda
ramdenime dRis vada, Tu, rasakvirvelia, igi amas SesaZleblad dain­
axavs. (veSapeli: albaT dainaxavs!) me mgonia, rom damf. krebas ainter­
esebs ara veSapelis Rirseba da mniSvneloba, aramed TviT faqtebis...
(a. asaTiani: amowurva!) diax, amowurva im sakiTxisa, romelsac tyis
sakiTxi ewodeba da romelic xSirad iqceva xolme saSineli demagogiis
sagnad da didi arev-darevis Semtania soflis cxovrebaSi. am sakiTxis
yovel mxriv gaSuqebisaTvis mTavroba moiTxovs Tqvengan erTgvar va­
das da sruli imedi maqvs, rom ara veSapelis SekiTxvisaTvis, aramed am
sakiTxis yovel mxriv dasabuTebisaTvis – damfuZnebeli kreba miiRebs
am vadis SesaZleblobas da mogvcems dros es sakiTxi savsebiT warm­
ovudginoT damfuZnebl krebas. amas aqvs mniSvneloba xalxisaTvis im
mxriv, rom man gaigos Tu ra gaakeTa am niadagze mTavrobam.
Tavmjdomare. maSasadame, Semotanilia winadadeba mieces mTav­
robas dro am sakiTxze pasuxis gasacemaT. unda mogaxsenoT, rom mTav­
robas aqvs ufleba moiTxovos vada. (veSapeli: magisaTvis rixi ar iyo
saWiro!) rogor inebebT, gadadebT am sakiTxs Tu ara?
vis surs sityva? sityva ekuTvnis b. giorgaZes.
g. giorgaZe. (s.-d.) Cven gvgonia, rom mTavrobis moTxovna kanonier­
ic aris da mizanSewonilic, radgan momxsenebels, SekiTxvis avtors,
mTavrobam pirvelaT mousmina, pirvelad moismina misi sabuTebi. da

249
amitom es saWiro aris Cvenis azriT, es kanonieri iqneba da mizanSe­
wonilic, rom mTavrobam jerovani pasuxi gasces im sabuTebs, romelic
aq wamoyenebuli iyo.
amitom Cveni fraqcia mxars dauWers imas, rom mieces mTavrobas 7
dRis vada da am vadaSi pasuxi gagvces. (gvazava: reglamentiTac aqvs
mTavrobas amis ufleba).
Tavmjdomare. diax, reglamentic aZlevs mTavrobas amis uflebas.
vinaa winaaRmdegi gadaidvas es SekiTxva erTi kviriT? winaaRmdegi
aravin aris da SekiTxva daismis Semdeg paraskevs. gadavdivarT sxva
sakiTxze.

2. dekreti – damfuZnebeli krebis xelovnebis komisiis

gankargulebaSi 300.000 man. gadadebisa „26 maisis“
dResaswaulis mosawyobaT.

sityva ekuTvnis b. niniZes.

k. niniZe. (momxs.) dekreti gaxlavT batonebo Semotanili safinan­
so-sabiujeto komisiaSi xelovnebis komisiisagan, romelic Txoulobs
maisis 26 dResaswaulis mosawyobaT gansazRvruli Tanxis gadadebas
(xmaurobaa).
Tavmjdomare. gTxovT siwynare daicvaT! araferi ismis.
k. niniZe. xelovnebis komisia Txoulobda erT milion maneTs. safi­
nanso komisiam, miiRo ra mxedvelobaSi, erTi mxriv, saxelmwifos xaz­
inis mdgomareoba da meore mxriv, is garemoeba, rom xalxs TviT Seu­
Zlia miiRos monawileoba am dRis mowyobaSi – saWiroT scno am Tanxis
Semcireba. da Cven 1 milioni SevamcireT 300.000 maneTamdi da am saxiT
vardgenT Tqven winaSe.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? sityva ekuTvnis b. gvazavas.
g. gvazava. (er.-dem.) samasi aTasi Zalian cotaa. „26 maisi“ aris
erovnuli dReoba da es ki raRac masxroba gamodis. es fuli rom yid­
vis mniSvnelobaze gadavitanoT ra Zala aqvs? dResasawauli ki metad
didia, mas metad didi mniSvneloba aqvs CvenTvis. „26 maisi“ es upir­
velesi dResaswaulia, es aris Cven mier Tavisuflebis mopoeba. aq bev­
ri fuli unda daixarjos, rom SevagnebioT xalxs, Tu ra mniSvneloba
aqvs am dRes.
erTi sityviT es dReoba ise unda iyos mowyobili, rogorc
Seferis mis Sinaars. amitom Cemi azri iseTia, rom fuli Zalian mcire
aris. da radgan xelovnebis komisia 1 milions Txoulobden – es Tanxa
mainc gavaoroT. me rasakvirvelia, varaudiT vambob; dawvrilebiT
xarjebi ar miangariSia. magram me mainc darwmunebuli var, Tu mxed­
velobaSi miiRebT arsebul siZvires, yovlad SeuZlebelia am TanxiT
iseTi ramis gakeTeba, romelic iqneba lamazi, mSvenieri, rom darCes

250
xalxis xsovnaSi STabeWdileba am dResaswaulisa. da swored es STabe­
Wdileba aris Zvirfasi da amisTvis rom cota meti fuli gaviRoT –
es ar iqneba dakarguli. es iqneba mizanSewonili. amitom vTxov dam­
fuZnebel krebas, rom es Tanxa gaaoros. 600.000 maneTi mainc gaiRos.
es ukanasknelia imisaTvis, rom es moewyos rigianad. amave dros, yur­
adReba miaqcieT imas, rom es fuli ar ikargeba. aramed vinc imuSavebs
– mas SeZleba eZleva SeiZinos. rac samuSao bevria, miT Semosavali
meti aqvs mosaxleobis erT nawils mainc. es fuli ar aris gadayrili.
Tu gadayrilia – muSaTa jamSi iyreba; vinc muSaobs imis xelSi Sedis.
(centridan: burJuazia?) es aris saerTo erovnuli dResaswauli da
burJuazia aq ra SuaSia?!
me vici, safrangeTSi rodesac aseTi dReobaa, xarjaven auarebel
fuls, imitom rom saSvaleba mieces muSa xalxs fuli SeiZinos. am mx­
riv ubralo dReobaze, ase aiReT, studentTa dReobazec parizSi – am
dReobaze xarjaven auarebel fuls da am SemTxveviT muSebs bevri Se­
mosavali aqvT.
ise, rom me winaaRmdegi var iseTi azris, viTomda es fuli gaday­
rilia da ubraloT ixarjeba.
Cven moxeleebs xom umatebT 50-60 proc. aseTi momateba ufro miuRe­
belia, vidre iseT saqmeebze fulis gadadeba, rogorc aris „26 maisis“
dResaswaulis mowyoba. Tqven unda icodeT, rom es fuli saxelmwifos
ar ekargeba, is muSebis xelSi gadadis da fulis kursis dacemaze gav­
lenas ar iqoniebs. amitom me mgonia, rom es 300 aTasi maneTi erovnuli
dResaswaulis mosawyobad Zalian mcire aris da winadadebas vaZlevT
is gadadebul iqnas 600 aTas maneTamde.
Tavmjdomare. sityvas xom aravin inebebs kidev? aravis surs. momx­
senebeli mogaxsenebT daskvnas.
k. niniZe. komisias savsebiT misaRebad miaCnia is azri, rom „26 mai­
si“ didi erovnuli dResaswaulia, amaSi dava ar aris. komisias surs,
rom es dResaswauli lamazi da mSvenieri iyos, magram amasTanave komis­
ia darwmunebulia, rom am dResaswaulSi xalxi miiRebs monawileobas
da es monawileoba farTo masis ufro lamazi iqneba, vidre saxazino
fulebiT mowyobili dResaswauli. es erTi. is, rac gvazavam mogax­
senaT fulis Sesaxeb, erTis mxriT aris marTali. es maSin aris marTa­
li, roca saxelmwifo warmoebas awyobs da am warmoebis muSebi iReben
fuls. marTalia arc am dResaswaulze daxarjuli fulebiT kargavs
saxelmwifo arafers, magram am TeoriiT mainc ver visargeblebT. saqme
imaSia, rom b. gvazavas vinmem fulebi rom mostacos, is meores jibeSi
gadava da saxelmwifo arafers dakargavs, magram ase msjeloba ar Sei­
Zleba. (sicili).
marTalia cotaa 300 aTasi maneTi, magram Cven viRebT mxedveloba­
Si xazinis mdgomareobas da ise viRebT fulebs. amitom komisiis saxiT
viTxov, rom es Tanxa Seusworebliv damtkicdes.

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 Tavmjdomare. Sesworeba gaxlavT Semotanili b. gvazavas mier,
rom 300.000 man. 600.000 m. gadiddes. vin aris momxre? vin winaaRmdegi.
maS, Sesworeba uaryofilia. sityva b. imnaiSvils ekuTvnis.

3. dekreti tfilisis samxedro skolis saWiroebisaTvis

195.000 man. damatebiT gadidebisa.

n. imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) samxedro skolas aqvs damatebiTi xarjT-aR­

ricxva, romelic Cven mier miRebulia da romelic gamoixateba naxevar
milion maneTSi. es Tanxa sakmarisi ar aris da amitom samxedro uwye­
ba Semodis SuamdgomlobiT, rom es Tanxa – 195 aTasi man. – damatebiT
iqnas gaRebuli. marTlac am skolis maswavleblebi Zalian mcire jama­
girs iReben. maT eZlevaT 750 man. maSin, roca zogadi ganaTlebis sko­
lis maswavleblebs eZlevaT 1800 man. da imdenive gakveTilebi aqvT,
ramdenic samxedro skolis maswavleblebs. samxedro uwyeba moiTxovs,
rom am maswavleblebs jamagirebi gaudides, 500 man. e. i. 300 man. nakle­
bi mieceT, vidre saxalxo maswavleblebs eZlevaT. es ki sabiujeto-sa­
finanso komisias SesaZleblad miaCnia amisTvis saWiroa 195 aTasi
maneTi. aq midis zedmeti xarjebic leqciebis da wignebis gamosace­
maT. sul winandelTan erTad es Seadgens 695 aTas man. da me komisiis
saxeliT vSuamdgomlob, rom es damtkicebul iqnas.
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. gTxovT waikiTxoT
pirveli muxli. muxlobrivi wakiTxvis Semdeg Seusworebliv miRebul
iqna da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias.
Semdeg gaxlavT dekreti aleqsandres saxelobis bavSvTa TavSesa­
fris xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. sityva ekuTvnis momxsen­
ebels b. oniaSvils.

6. dekreti aleqsandres saxelobis bavSvTa Tav-Sesafari

Statis da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.

d. oniaSvili. (s.-d.) aleqsandres saxelobis bavSvTa TavSesafa­

ri 1882 w. d-an arsebobs. am TavSesafarSi Zvelad, omamde inaxeboda
40-mde bavSvi. omis Semdeg bavSvTa ricxvi 87-de gadidda. iq aris Ta­
visi Stati, romlis Sesanaxad aris saWiro xarjebi. is, rasac isini
iReben dRemde, imdenaT, mcirea, rom srulebiT ar Seefereba dRevan­
del siZvires. amitom Sinagan-saqmeTa ministri Sevida mTavrobaSi
SuamdgomlobiT, axali xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. iqidan
es dekreti gamovida komisiaSi, romelmac is miiRo. dekretSi 3- jer
aris gadidebuli winandeli jamagirebi. dekretze dadebiTi daskvnaa
saxelmwifo kontrolioris da finansTa uwyebisa da amitom vSuamd­
gomlobT Tqvens winaSe, rom is dadasturebul iqnas.

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 Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis minadora toroSeliZisas.
m. toroSeliZe. (s.-d.) es TavSesafari daaTvaliera janmrTelobis
komisiam da darwmunda, rom is savsebiT mtkice niadagze aris dayenebu­
li. mas ganagebs qalbatoni gedevaniSvili, romelic did energias da
unars iCens am saqmeSi. bavSvebi sufTad da feradovanad arian. iRe­
ben aRzrda-ganviTarebasac. arian maswavleblebi, eqimebi, xelosnebi.
bavSvebs wineT 4 man. hqondaT, Semdeg is Tumnamde gaudides, axla ki
SeuZlebelia am mcire TanxiT arseboba, amitom janmrTelobis komisia
winadadebas iZleva, rom maT mieces dekretSi aRniSnuli fuli, rom
TavSesafari jerovan niadagze iqnes dayenebuli.
Tavmjdomare. sityvis msurveli meti aravinaa. vin aris winaaRmde­
gi, rom muxlobriv ganxilvaze gadavideT? aravin. gTxovT b. momxsene­
belo, waikiTxoT pirveli muxli.
momxsenebeli kiTxulobs 1 da 2 muxls, romelsac kreba Seuswore­
bliv iRebs. dekreti gadaeca saredaqcio komisias.
Tavmjdomare. dRis wesrigi amowurulia. mdivans vsTxov waikiT­
xos Semdegi sxdomis wesrigi.
(mdivani kiTxulobs).
Tavmjdomare. sanam sxdomas davxuravde, unda mogaxsenoT Semde­
gi: kviras, aprilis 25, saistorio-saeTnografio sazogadoeba awyobs
gamofenas SoTa rusTvelis pr. # 13. deputatebs vsTxov daeswron.
daswreba SeuZlianT deputatebis bileTiT. sxdomas daxurulad
vacxadeb.
sxdoma daixura 2 s. 25 wuTze.

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 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

mecamete sxdoma

(13)

1920 weli. aprilis 27. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. saboloo teqstebi.
2. muxlobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – sadisciplino wesdebis
damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
3. dekreti – Sinagan-saqmeTa saministros administraciis naw­
ilebis inspeqciis Statis damtkicebisa.
4. zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – uWkuoTa da Wkuaze SeSliTa
Semowmebis wesebis miRebisa.
5. nafici veqilis iv. zedginiZis Suamdgomloba.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris ufrosi am­

xanagi
aleqsandre lomTaTiZe.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivani k. jafariZe.
sxdoma iwyeba SuadRis 12 1/2 saaT.
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas gaxsnilad vacxadeb. mdivani mogaxsenebT
komisiaSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtebs da dRiur wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs komisiaSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtebs).

komisiaSi gadasacemi kanon-proeqtebi:

1. iusticiis ministris proeqti dekretisa – kerZo veqilTa saveqi­

lo mowmobisaTvis dawesebuli gadasaxadis gadidebis Sesaxeb.

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 2. Sromis ministris kanon-proeqti – rkinis gzebze ubedur
SemTxveviT dasaxiCrebul rkinis gzis mosamsaxureTa, xelosanTa, mu­
SaTa da maTi ojaxis wevrebis dakmayofilebis debulebis me-4 muxlis
Secvlisa.
3. Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris proeqti dekretisa – borCalos maz­
ris mcxovrebTaTvis ukanaskneli samxedro moqmedebiT gamowveuli
zaralis asanazRaureblad 276.000 man. gadidebis Sesaxeb.
4. Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris proeqti dekretisa – saerobo gzebis
momsaxureTaTvis damatebiTi gasamrjelos misacemad 144.430 man. ga­
dadebis Sesaxeb.
5. finansTa ministris kanon-proeqti – ucxoel saaqcizo sazoga­
doebaTa moqmedebisa saqarTvelos respublikis sazRvrebSi.
6. Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris proeqti dekretisa – duSeTis mazris
erobisaTvis sursaT-sanovagis da saTesle masalis SesaZenad 2.000.000
man. sesxis misacemad.
7. miwad-moqmedebis ministris proeqti dekretisa – miwad-moq­
medebis saministros saijaro ganyofilebis saerTo Semosavlidan
20% erobaTa sasargeblod gadadebis Sesaxeb.
8. Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris proeqti dekretisa – axalqalaqis
mazris saeqimo dawesebulebaTa Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damt­
kicebis Sesaxeb.
9. Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris proeqti dekretisa – Sinagan-saqmeTa
saministros saeqimo-sasanitro ganyofilebis saprotezo saxelosnos
Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.
Semdeg mdivani kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs.

dRiuri wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – damfuZnebeli krebis xelovnebis

komisiis gankargulebaSi 300.000 man. gadadebisa „26 maisis“ dResas­
waulis mosawyobad. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
2. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – tfilisis samxedro skolis sa­
WiroebisaTvis 195.000 man. damatebiT gadadebisa. momxsenebelia i. go­
marTeli.
3. saboloo teqsti – aleqsandres saxelobis bavSvTa TavSesa­
fris Statis da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa. momxsenebelia
i. gomarTeli.
4. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva – sadisciplino wesdebisa. mom­
xesenebelia zaq. guruli.
5. dekreti – Sinagan-saqmeTa saministros administraciuli nawi­
lis inspeqciis Statis damatebisa. momxsenebelia v. cabaZe.
6. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – uWkuosi da Wkuaze
SeSlilis Semowmebis wesis Secvlisa. momxsenebelia ser. jafariZe.

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 7. nafic veqilis ivane zedginiZis gancxadeba, rom mas dasturi
mieces sergi jafariZis winaaRmdeg sasamarTloSi saCivari aRZras –
SeuracxyofisaTvis.
Tavmjdomare. vis nebavs sityva dRiuri wesrigis Sesaxeb? aravis.
dRiuri wesrigi miRebulia. mdivani mogaxsenebT samuslimano saqarT­
velos mejlisis Tavmjdomaris mamed-beg abaSiZis depeSas.
mdivani kiTxulobs: „baTomis olqis musulmanTa mejlisi mogax­
senebT uRrmes madlobas mejlisis gaxsnis Sesaxeb molocvisa gamo,
miesalmeba deda samSoblos saqarTvelos damfuZnebel krebas da ga­
mosTqvams Rrma mwuxarebas, rom baTomis olqis qarTvel muslimanTa
yrilobis mier 31 agvistos gamotanili dadgenileba qalaq baTomis
da misi olqis saqarTvelosTan avtonomiuri gaerTianebis Sesaxeb
dRemdis kidev ar aris sisruleSi moyvanili. mejlisma kvlav daadas­
tura 31 agvistos dadgenileba. mejliss Rrmad swams, rom veraviTari
Zala ver SesZlebs baTomisa da misi olqis saqarTvelosTan CamoSore­
bas. mejlisi fics sdebs, rom ukanasknel sisxlis wveTamde ibrZolebs
saqarTvelos mTlianobisaTvis. gaumarjos saqarTvelos damf. krebas.
gaumarjos samuslimano saqarTvelos avtonomiur deda samSoblos
farglebSi“.
damfuZnebli kreba am depeSas taSiT Sexvda.
Tavmjdomare. saboloo teqstebs mogaxsenebT batoni gomarTeli.
iv. gomarTeli kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigSi moTavsebul 1, 2, 3
sakanonmdeblo aqtebis saboloo teqstebs, romelTac damf. kreba
ucvlelad iRebs.
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva zaqaria guruls ekuT­
vnis.

1. muxlobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa sadisciplino

wesdebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

z. guruli kiTxulobs muxlobrivad, romelTac damf. kreba cal-­

calke Rebulobs.

sadisci plino wesdeba

Tavi 1.

sazogado debulebani.

1. samxedro disciplina avalebs yvela samxedro pirs samxedro

kanonebSi aRniSnuli wesebis mtkiceTa da swored dacvas. samsaxuris
movaleobaTa keTilsindisierad asrulebas, ufrosTa brZanebis simt­
kiciTa da sisworiT Sesrulebas da ufrosebis mimarT Sesafer pativ­
iscemas.

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 2. brZanebis Sedegis pasuxismgebloba daevaleba mbrZanebels da
ara aRmasrulebels, Tu ukanasknelma sisworiT Seasrula brZaneba.
3. aRmasrulebels ekrZaleba da igi pasuxs agebs ufrosis iseT
brZanebis aRsrulebisaTvis, romelic mimarTulia respublikis
mTavrobis winaaRmdeg, an aRmasruleblis mier dadebuli ficis dar­
Rvevisaken.
4. yoveli ufrosi valdebulia daicvas jaris nawilSi da xelqve­
iTTa Soris samxedro disciplina da wesiereba. amasTan erTad mis
pirdapir moavaleobas Seadgens: xelqveiTTa mimarT samarTliani
mopyroba,zrunva maTi keTildReobisaTvis, gaziareba maTi gaWivrebi­
sa, maTTvis rCeva da xelmZRvaneloba. zedmeti simkacre, Tu samsaxuris
sargebloba ar moiTxovs, miSvebuli ar unda iqnes.
ufrosi valdebulia yovel oficersa da jariskacs Seagnebinos
da gauRvivos mxedrobis maRali mniSvneloba da samsaxuris movaleo­
baTa asrulebis aucilebloba.
5. samxedro disciplinis darRvevisa an da aSkara urCobis dros
ufrosi valdebulia yoveli zoma ixmaros wesierebis aRsadgenad.
ukidures SemTxvevaSi igi valdebulia Zalas mimarTos da iaraRiT
aRadginos wesiereba. yoveli samxedro piri, miuxedavad Tanamdebobi­
sa da saxelwodebisa, valdebulia daexmaros wesierebis aRmdgenels.
am muxlSi aRniSnuli zomebis miReba da saqmis garemoeba wesierebis
aRmdgenelma dauyonebliv unda acnobos Tavis ufross.
6. es wesdeba ixmareba yvela mwyobrivsa da aramwyobrivs jaris
nawilebsa da gundebSi TanamdebobaTa Sefardebis dacviT.
7. disciplinari uflebani samxedro uwyebis pirTa, rogorc mwyo­
brisa ise aramwyobrivis, am wesdebaSi pirdapir ar aRniSnulTa gan­
isazRvreba am wesdebasTan SexamebiT Sesafer kanonmdeblobaSi na­
gulisxmev pirebis uflebaTa mixedviT.

Tavi 2.

disciplinari danaSauli da sasjeli.

8. disciplinari sasjeli daedeba damnaSaves ufrosis uflebiT

iseTi mcire danaSaulisaTvis, romelic arRvevs samxedro discipli­
nas an sazogadoebriv wesierebas da myudroebas, damnaSave ki amisTvis
samarTalSi micemul ar iqneba.
9. disciplinar sasjelTa dadeba ekuTvnis mxolod im ufrosebs,
romelTa gankargulebaSiac damnaSveni imyofebian, an romelsac sam­
saxuris wesiT eqvemdebarebian, Tundac droebiT.
10. disciplinar sasjelTa miniWebis ufleba, romelic ekuTvnis
mcire Tanamdebobis ufrosebs, ekuTvnis agreTve maRal Tanamdebobis
ufrosebs.

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 11. im SemTxvevaSi, roca danaSaulobisaTvis, romelic moxsen­
ebulia saerTo samxedro sisxlis samarTlis kanonebSi da sasjelTa
Soris naCvenebia disciplinari sasjelic, maSin erTeulis ufrosi
gadaswyvets, akmaros damnaSaves disciplinari sasjeli, Tu gadasces
samxedro bralmdebels (prokurors) damnaSavis samarTalSi misace­
mad. Tu samxedro sasamarTlo disciplinari wesiT saqmes mospobs, ma­
Sin damnaSavis ufross ekuTvnis gansazRvra disciplinari sasjelis
sazomisa.
12. kanonis sawinaaRmdego moqmedebisaTvis samarTalSi miucemlo­
ba da amis magier disciplinari sasjelis miniWeba damnaSaves ar aT­
avisuflebs sasamarTlos winaSe pasuxismgeblobisagan, mxolod dis­
ciplinari wesiT moxdili sasjeli CaeTvleba sasamarTlos ganaCenis
gamotanis dros.
13. jariskacebs, oficrebs da samxedro moxeleT daedebaT Semdegi
disciplinari sasjeli:
a) gakicxvis gamocxadeba sityvierad an brZanebiT.
b) rig gareSe daniSvna ganwesebaSi ara umetes eqvsi gzobisa.
g) dapatimreba ara umetes ori kvirisa.
SeniSvna: patimrobaSi gatarebuli dReebi ar CaiTvleba saerTo
samsaxuris vadaSi.
14. dapatimreba mdgomareobs SemdegSi:
1. jaris kacTaTvis orgvaria:
a) saerTo oTaxSi moTavseba samsaxuris asrulebiT.
b) calke naTel oTaxSi moTavseba, sadac qveSagebi eZleva mxolod
RamiT.
2. oficerTaTvis, zemdegebisaTvis da zemdegi msaxur nacvalTaT­
vis mTavar sadarajos binaze calke, naTel oTaxSi moTavseba morig
oficeris zedamxvedelobiT. zemdegi da zedmetmsaxuri nacvlebi
moTavsdebian rogorc oficrebisagan, ise jaris-kacebisagan calke.
15. yvela dapatimrebulT CamoerTmevaT yovel-gvari mWreli da
sasroli iaraRi, romelic inaxeba aTaseulis sammarTveloSi sasje­
lis moxdamde.
16. laSqrobisas, an jarebis moTavsebis gamo, Tu dapatimreba
SeuZlebelia, dapatimreba sisruleSi moiyvanebis pirvel SeZlebi­
saTanave.

Tavi 3.

ufrosTa disciplinari ufleba.

17. meufrose jaris kacni da gundis oficrebis xelqveiT jaris

kacTa yovel danaSauls moaxseneben umcros-umfrosobis wesiT gundis
ufross raTa damnaSaves disciplinari sasjeli daedos.

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 18. gundis ufrosebs da maT Tanasworuflebian pirT ufleba aqvT
xel-qveiTi oficrebsa da jaris kacT miusajon:
1. oficrebs gamoucxadon sityvieri gakicxva.
2. jaris kacT: a) rigs gareSe daniSvna ganwesebaSi oTxjer.
SeniSvna: rigs gareSe daniSvna unda xdebodes dRe gamoSvebiT.
b) dapatimreba xuTi dRe-Ramis vadiT me-16 muxlSi „a“-s ganyo­
filebaSi aRniSnuli wesiT.
19. aTaseulis ufrosis TanaSemweT saTanado nawilSi ufleba aqvT:
1. gundis ufrosebs da oficrebs gamoucxadon sityvieri gakicxva
da rig gareSe daniSnon ganwesebaSi orjer.
2. jariskacni a) rig gareSe daniSnon ganwesebaSi eqvsjer; b)
daapatimron me-16 muxlSi „b“-s ganyofilebaSi aRniSnulis wesiT aTi
dRe-Ramis vadiT.
20. aTaseulis ufrossa da mis Tanasworuflebian pirT ufleba
aqvT: TanaSemwes gamoucxadon gakicxva sityvierad an brZanebiT. dan­
arCen oficerTa mimarT amis garda:
1. rig gareSe daniSnos ganwesebaSi oTxjer.
2. daapatimros vidre Svid dRe-Ramemde.
aTaseulis ufrosi jariskacebisadmi sargeblobs sruls discip­
linars uflebas.
21. brigadis ufrosis TanaSemwes ufleba aqvs: aTaseulis ufross
gamoucxados sityvieri gakicxva, brigadis danarCen oficerTa mimarT:
1. rig gareSe daniSnos ganwesebaSi eqvsjer.
2. daapatimros aTi dRe-Ramis vadiT.
brigadis ufrosis TanaSemwe brigadis yvela jariskacTa mimarT
sargeblobs sruls disciplinars uflebas.
22. brigadis ufross ufleba aqvs Tavis TanaSemwes, aTaseulis
ufross, Stabis ufrossa da brigadis mnes gamoucxados gakicxva si­
tyvierad an brZanebiT. brigadis danarCen oficerTa da jariskacTa
mimarT brigadis ufrosi sargeblobs sruls disciplinars uflebas.
23. samxedro ministrs aqvs ufleba brigadis ufrosTa da maT Tanas­
woruflebian pirT sityvierad an samxedro uwyebis mimarT brZanebiT
gamoucxados gakicxva. yvela danarCen samxedro pirTa mimarT samxe­
dro ministri sargeblobs sruls disciplinars uflebas.
24. samxedro ministris TanaSemwe sargeblobs imave disciplinar
uflebas rogorsac TviT samxedro ministri.
25. samxedro moxeleni disciplinari sasjelis miniWebis mxriT
Seufarddebian maTTan erTnair Tanamdebobis oficerT. Tavis mxriT,
Tanamdebobis mixedviT maTac aqvT disciplinari ufleba.
26. calke erTeulad (aTaseulze nakleb) an mcire gundiT yof­
na sadme mivlinebiT adidebs am nawilebis ufrosobis disciplinar
uflebas. erTeulis ufrosi Seefardeba am SemTxvevaSi aTaseulis
ufrosis TanaSemwes, mcire gundis ufrosi ki – gundis ufross, miuxe­
davaT imisa – ufrosad oficeria Tu jariskaci.

260
 Tavi 4.

disciplinar sasjelTa miniWeba gansakuTrebul SemTxvevaSi.

27. garnizonis ufrosebs, komendantebs, karvobis ufrosT an maT

moadgileT ufleba aqvT daapatimron ara Tavis gamgeblobaSi myofi
samxedro uwyebis pirnic imave uflebiT, rogorc xelqveiTni, Semdeg
SemTxvevaSi:
1. roca danaSuli exeba sazogadoebriv myudroebisa da wesrigis
darRvevas.
2. roca darRveulia maT mier gamocxadebuli samxedro adminis­
tratiuli raime zomebi.
3. roca danaSauli Cadenilia sadarajoT yofnisa an samsaxuris
movaleobaTa asrulebis dros mindobil midamoSi.
4. imisTana samxedro pirisagan, romelsac am adgilas ara hyavs
disciplinari uflebiT mosili arc erTi uSualo ufrosi.
5. roca danaSauli Cadenilia daTxovnis an mivlinebis ganmavloba­
Si, Tundac im adgilas imyofebodes damnaSavis pirdapiri ufrosi.
28. maxlobeli ufrosi, rodesac Tavis uflebas sasjelis dade­
baSi sakmarisad ar scnobs, moaxsenebs ufross sasjelis gansazRvri­
saTvis.
29. imisTana pirTa erTad samsaxuris dros, romelnic erTmaneTis
xelqveiTni ar arian, TanamdebobiT ufrosi iTvleba ufrosad; Tanam­
debobaTa erTgvarobis SemTxvevaSi namsaxurebiT ufrosi ukanasknel
TanamdebobaSi, miiCneva ufrosad da umcrosad da umcrosis mimarT
sargeblobs miniWebul disciplinar uflebas.
30. umcrosis mier ufrosis winaSe samxedro samsaxuris saerTo
wesisa da disciplinis an sajaro adgilas sazogadoebrivi mSvido­
bianobis darRvevis da samxedro pativcemulobisa da zrdilobis
Seusruleblobis dros meufrose movalea moagonos umcross; saWiro
SemTxvevaSi dauyovnebliv unda Seatyobinos sakomendantos an jero­
van samxedro ufross Sesafer gankargulebisaTvis.
31. me-30 muxlSi naCvenebi SemTxvevis Sesaxeb meumfrose valdebu­
lia dauyonebliv Seatyobinos yovel SemTxvevisaTvis damnaSavisa an
garnizonis ufross.
32. roca saCivarisa an umaRles ufrosobisaTvis dasmenis wyalo­
biT gamoaSkaravdeba, rom xelqveiTis danaSauli uaxloesi ufrosis
mier dausjelad aris datovebuli, an roca umaRlesi ufrosoba dain­
axavs, rom TviT sasjeli ar Seefereba danaSaulis Tvisebas an dana­
Saulis mniSvnelobas, maSin umaRlesi ufrosoba TviT gansazRvravs
disciplinar sasjels Tu damnaSavem ukve ar moixada an am Jamad ar
moixdis maxlobeli ufrosis mier dadebul sasjels.
33. disciplinari wesiT ar SeiZleba erTisa da imave danaSulisaT­
vis erTi gzobis metjer daisajos. akrZalulia agreTve erTi sasje­

261
lis meoresTan SeerTeba da disciplinari sasjelis saxiT dapatimre­
bis dadeba uvadoT.
34. yoveli disciplinari sasjeli unda Seeferebodes danaSaulo­
bis mniSvnelobas. sasjelis saxisa da sazomis daniSvnis dros miiReba
mosazrebaSi: Tviseba danaSaulisa, Tanxlebuli garemoebani, damnaSa­
vis winandeli yofaqceva; samsxuris movaleobaTa ausruleblobis da­
naSaulobaSi – damnaSavis samsaxurSi yofnis dro da samsaxuris wesis
codnis met-nakleboba.
35. simkacre disciplinar sasjelTa gadiddeba, Tu damnaSve ram­
denjerme iyo SemCneuli erTisa da imave saxis danaSaulobaSi, Tundac
TvisebiT sxva da sxva nairSi, magram, Tu sasjelma araviTari gavlena
ar iqonia, an roca danaSauloba Cadenilia samsaxuris movaleobaTa
aRsrulebis dros, an Tan sdevs ufrosTa mimarT upativcemloba an da
Sedegad mohyva mas raime areuloba.
36. ufrosebis mier dadebuli disciplinari sasjeli, Tu gansa­
kuTrebuli ram ar uSlis xels, dauyovnebliv unda iqnes sisruleSi
moyvanili; Tu disciplinari sasjeli dadebulia umaRles ufrosis­
agan, imazea damokidebuli TviT moaxdinos gankarguleba sisruleSi
moyvanisaTvis an miandos es damnaSavis maxlobel ufross.
37. xelqveiTisaTvis dadebuli disciplinari sasjelis sisrule­
Si moyvana ar Sedgeba ufrosis gankargulebis gamo saCivris SetaniT
vidre am gankargulebis Secvlis brZaneba ar mova umaRlesi ufrosi­
sagan.
38. disciplinari sasjelis sisruleSi moyvana gadaideba, Tu dam­
naSave mTvralia; agreTve ar xdeba misi dakiTxva garda winaswar dapa­
timrebisa. erTic da meorec ar xdeba misi dakikTxva garda winaswar
dapatimrebisa. erTic da meorec gadaideba gamofxizlebamde.
SeniSvna. am SemTxvevaSi winaswari dapatimreba ar CaiTvleba dis­
ciplinar sasjelad.

Tavi 5.

patiJTa Jurnali.

39. yvela disciplinari sasjeli Seitaneba JurnalSi.

40. TviTeuli jaris erTeulSi unda iyos ori Jurnali.
1. jariskacTaTvis patiJTa Jurnali, romelic swarmoebs yovel
aseulSi da calke mcire gundSiac.
2. patiJTa Jurnali oficrebisa da samxedro moxeleTaTvis, saer­
Toa yvela calke erTeulSi.
41. patiJTa JurnalSi Seitaneba agreTve sasamarTlos mier gad­
awyvetili sasjelic.

262
 42. patiJTa Jurnalis yovelive muxli unda Semowmebuli iqnes
aseulis ufrosis xelis moweriT. aTaseulis ufrosis TanaSemweni mo­
valeni arian gadasinjon Jurnali yovel or kviraSi da xelis moweriT
Jurnalis yovel furcelze, romelic ekuTvnis TiTo jariskacs, Sea­
mowmon disciplinar sasjelis siswore an aRmoCenili gadaxriloba.
43. oficerTa da samxedro moxeleTa patiJTa JurnalSi TviTeuli
muxli Semowmebulia aTaseulis adiutantis mier.
44. oficerTa, samxedro moxeleTa da jariskacTa erTi er­
Teulidan meoreSi gadayvanisas an mivlinebisas saWiro werilobiT
cnobebTan erTad igzavneba agreTve amoweriloba patiJTa Jurnalisa.
45. sainspeqcio gaSinjvis da dakiTxvis dros inspeqciis momxdeni
ufrosi ueWvelad gasinjavs patiJTa Jurnals.
46. yvela aTaseulSi da mis Tanaswor samxedro nawilSi arsdeba
aTaseulis TanaSemwisa, an da mis Tanaswor piris TavmjdomareobiTa
da aseulis ori ufrosisa, an Tanaswor uflebiT aRWurvil pirTa
SedgenilobiT, disciplinari komisia, romelic movalea yoveli Tvis
boloSi gadasinjos disciplinari patiJTa yvela Jurnali, Seamowmos
misi wesierad warmoeba da ganixilos patiJTa dadebis samarTlianoba.
47. yvela dasjil oficers da jariskacs SeuZlia uaxloesi ufro­
sis saSualebiT Seitanos komisiis uaxloes krebaSi saCivari sasjelis
usamarTlobisaTvis Tu sasjeli sami dRiT dapatimrebas aRemateba.
48. komisia ganixilavs yovel saCivars da Tavis gadawyvetilebas
moaxsenebs aTaseulis (an mis Tanaswor uflebian) ufross.
49. aTaseulis ufrosi, Tu dasTanxmdeba komisias, Sesafer gankar­
gulebas gascems, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi saqme moxsendeba brigadis
ufross, romelic sabolood gadaswyvets sakiTxs.
50. vinc aRniSnul komisiaSi ar ganasaCivra sasjelis usamar—
Tloba, ufleba waerTmeva ganasaCivros igi sainspeqcio gasinjvis da
dakiTxvis dros. gansaCivreba komisiaSi ki ar waarTmevs ukanasknel
uflebas.
51. aTaseulis ufrosis (an Tanasworuflebiani piris) mier da­
debuli patiJi ganisaCivreba brigadis ufrosis (an Tanasworuflebi­
ani piris) winaSe.

Tavi 6.

saCivari.

52. samxedro pirTa gancxadeba ufrosebis mxriT maT mimarT:

1. ukanono da usamarTlo moqmedebis da gankargulebisaTvis.
2. samsaxuriT miniWebul uflebaTa da upiratesobaTa darRvevi—
saTvis.

263
 3. dawesebuli ulufis ukmayofilebisaTvis gancxadeba iwodeba
saCivrad.
53. saCivris wardgena ar SeiZleba mwyobrSi dgomis dros, sa­
yaraulo da saerTod samsaxuris ganwesebaTa Sesrulebisas.
54. sasjelis simkacris gamo Civili ar SeiZleba, Tu ufrosma ar
gadaameta Tavis disciplinar uflebas.
55. saCivari ganicxadeba sityviT an werilobiT sainspeqcio sin­
jvis dros da mis gareSec.
56. akrZalulia saCivris mitana jgufobriv, agreTve raime yri­
lobisa an krebis gamarTva amis Taobaze msjelobisaTvis.
57. sainspeqcio sinjvis dros saCivari waredgineba inspeqciis
momxden pirs, romelic piradad acxadebs mwyobris win dros da adg­
ils saCivarTa miRebisaTvis, amasTan TviTeuli momCivani misgan cal­
ke moismineba.
58. sainspeqcio sinjvis gareSe saCivari yovelTvis aseulis (bata­
reis) ufross waredgineba, Tu saCivari aseulis ufroszea, maSin
aseulSi (batareiebSi) ufross oficers gadaecema.
SeniSvna. aseulis ufrosi an aseulis oficeri, romelTac saCi­
vari miiRes, valdebulni arian xelqveiTobis wesis mixedviT dauy­
ovnebliv mxedveloba miscen saCivars, Tundac gverdis axveviT im
ufrosisa, romelzedac saCivari Seitanes. amasTan, Tu saCivari si­
tyvierad aris gancxadebuli, maSin Sinaarsi saCivrisa unda weril­
obiT gamoixatos.
59. mxolod sainspeqcio sinjvaze ganucxadebeli saCivari Sei­
Zleba Setanili iqnes ori kviris ganmavlobaSi dRidan sainspeqcio
gaSinjvisa, Tu momCivanma gaigo saCivris safuZvlad gamosadegi
mizezi; aRniSnuli vadis gasvlis Semdeg saCivris Setana SeuZlebe­
lia. Setanili kidev ar gairCeva.
60. yvela aseulSi unda iyos saCivarTa Jurnali, sadac gundis
ufrosis mier an umaRlesi mTavrobis gankargulebiT Seitaneba
jariskacTa saerTod yvela saCivari da maTzed moxdenili gankar­
guleba.
61. saCivarTa Jurnali miecema aseuls aTaseulis ufrosisagan,
misive xelis moweriT, zonar-gayrili da beWed-dasmuli.
62. saCivarTa Jurnali waredgineba sainspeqcio sinjvis dros,
gankargulebaTa sisworis Sesamowmeblad.
63. saCivris miRebidan erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi samxedro ufro­
si atyobinebs momCivans gadawyvetilebas, an da im mimarTulebas, ro­
melic miecema saCivars, Tu aRniSnuli vadis ganmavlobaSi gankar­
gulebis moxdena SeuZlebelia.
64. samxedro piri, romlebmac ori kviris ganmavlobaSi ver miiRes
cnoba an gadawyvetileba, ufleba aqvT saCivari Seitanon samarTlia­
nobaze ama wesdebis miRebul wesiT, xelqveiTobis mixedviT, umaRles
samxedro ufrosTan.

264
 65. Setanil saCivris ufrosis gadawyvetilebis ukmayofilo samx­
edro pirs ufleba aqvs axali saCivari Seitanos gadawyvetilebis ga­
momtani piris uSualo ufrosTan.
66. samxedro ufrosis gadawyvetileba meore saCivarze miiCneva
sabolood da misi xelaxlad gansaCivreba aRar SeiZleba.
67. ganzrax cru saCivris Semtani sasamarTloSi miecema.
68. usaxelo saCivari ar ganixileba.
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi kanon-proeqtisa? aravin. miRe­
bulia. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva cabaZes ekuTvnis.

2. dekreti – Sinagan saqmeTa saministros administraciis

nawilebis inspeqciis Statis damtkicebisa.

v. cabaZe. (s.-d.) es dekreti warmodgenilia Sinagan-saqmeTa sami­

nistrosagan da Seexeba Sinagan saministrosTan arsebul saadminis­
tracio inspeqciis Statebis gadidebas da iq mosamsaxureTa jamagire­
bis gadidebas. Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom amier-kavkasiis komisariatis
dros dawesebuli iyo sagubernio komisariatebi. magram 1919 w. 30
maisis kanoniT, romelic damfuZnebeli krebis mier iyo miRebuli, es
dawesebulebebi gauqmdnen da maSin Sinagan-saqmeTa saministrosTan
daarsda saadministracio inspeqcia, romlis movaleobasac Seadgenda
Tvalyuri edevnebia administraciis moxeleTa moqmedebisaTvis, rom­
lebic Cven respublikis sazRvrebSi moqmedeben. am dawesebulebis Sta­
ti TerTmeti kacisagan Sedgeboda, maSin es mcire Stati sakmao iyo,
magram SemdegSi inspeqcias gauCnda axali saqmeebi, amisaTvis saWiro
gaxda am Statis gadideba da saministrom warmoadgina damatebiTi
Statebi. misi azriT saWiro iyo damatebuliyo Svidi axali moxele da
mosamsaxure. safinanso-sabiujeto komisiebma gaarCies es damatebiTi
Stati da saWirod scnes SeemcirebiaT es ricxvi da Svidis magivrad
xuTi moxele miiRes. jamagirebis gadidebis Sesaxeb am dekrets Tan ax­
lavs axali baraTi, da rogorc am ganmartebis baraTidan sCans, sxva
uwyebaTa msaxurT meti jamagirebi aqvsT. amitom sauwyebaTaSori­
so komisiam saWirod scno am jamagirebis gadideba normis mixedviT
pirvel noembridan sabiujeto wlis damlevamde. am dekrets agreTve
axlavs baraTi sauwyebaTaSoriso komisiisa; miRebulia sabiujeto
komisiisagan da Txoulobs dadasturebas.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? msurveli
aravin aris. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? aravin. ga­
davdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze.
(muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti Cveulebrivi wesiT miRe­
bul iqna damf. krebis mier da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva baton sergo jafari­
Zes ekuTvnis.

265
 3. zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – uWkuosa da
Wkuaze SeSlilTa Semowmebis wesebis Secvlisa.

s. jafariZe. (s.-d.) Tumca iSviaTad, magram mainc CvenSi aqa-iq ojax­

ebSi moipoveba suliT avadmyofni, dabadebiT suleli, romelic Sem­
deg gagiJdeba, aseT avadmyofebs movlas garda opekac sWirdebaT. ma­
gram vidre opekas dauniSnavT, saWiroa vicodeT marTla avadmyofia
igi Tu ara? darwmuneba sulis avadmyofobaSi, ruseTis yofil impe­
riaSi, kanonis ZaliT erTgvar kolegiaSi xdeboda, romlis Semadgen­
lobaSidac Sediodnen: gubernatori, vice-gubernatori, prokurori
an misi TanaSemwe, Tavad-aznaurobis marSali, sagubernio saeqimo gan­
yofilebis warmomadgeneli da saolqo sasamarTlo Tavmjdomare, ma­
gram revoliuciis Semdeg umravlesoba am organizaciebisa sruliad
moispo, dRes aRarc gubernatorebi, aRarc marSlebi da bevri sxvebi
aRar gvyvanan, maSasadame moiSala is aparati, romelic am revoliu­
ciamde am Semowmebas axdenda. iyo iseTi SeTxvevebi, roca saWiro iyo
aseTi Semowmeba, mimarTes aqeT, iqiT da vera gaawyvesra. amis gamo
Sinagan-saqmeTa saministrom Seadgina kanon-proeqti, romlis ZaliT
Semowmebis wesi umTavresad administratiuli rCeba. es kanon-pro­
eqti gadaeca iuridiul komisias, romelmac igi ar gaiziara, imitom
rom umTavresi azri gamotovebuli iyo am kanon-proeqtSi. iq xdeboda
administratiuli wesiT Semowmeba; faqtiurad es ase xdeboda: moiy­
vanden suliT avadmyofs, eqimebi miscemden ramdenime kiTxvas, rome­
lic Seexeboda mis Sinaur cxovrebas, da Cveulebriv Seadgenden aqts,
rom Wkuidan SeSlila da Semdeg am aqts gzavniden sadac jer ars. ase­
Ti wesiT Semowmebis Sedegi xSirad WkuiT da gonebiT saRs acxadebden
suliT avadmyofaT, da maSin rodesac vismes maTi qoneba sWirdebodaT,
amoCndeboda memkvidre da es memkvidre sargeblobda amnairi Semowme­
bis wesiT, rom dapatroneboda memkvidreobas. iuridiulma komisiam
gaiTvaliswina ra yovelive es, saWirod scno Seetana Sesworebebi da
am SemmowmebelTa ricxvSi Seetana iseTi pirebi, romlebic met garan­
tias iZleoden samarTlian SemowmebaSi.
Zvel arsebul wesebis winaaRmdegni iyvnen sxva da sxva cnobili
iuristebi da sazogado moRvaweebi. magaliTad „koni“, romelmac es
wesi sruliad uaryo. maSasadame saWiro iyo iseTi wesi, sadac garan­
tia aris, rom Semowmeba moxdeba Sesafer pirobebSi da saRi adami­
ani, raime mizezebiT ar iqneba cnobili SeSlilad. aseT saSualebaT
iuridiul komisias miaCnia Semdegi: rodesac aseTi piri aRmoCnda
ojaxSi, misi maxlobeli, coli, Svili, mSobeli, mimarTavs adgilo­
briv administracias, da Tu aseTi ar arsebobs, maSin mimarTavs olqis
sasamarTlos, romelic daibarebs avadmyofs, mcodne pirebs, avadmy­
ofis axloblebs, eqimebs, prokurors, veqilebs da Seamowmebs sru­
li SemowmebiT. Semdeg amisa gamoaqvT gadawyvetileba Cveulebrivi
wesiT. aq gansxvaveba mxolod imaSia, rom amas eZleva meti iniciativa,

266
vidre wineT qonda, magaliTad, Tu saWiro Seiqna, SeuZlia cnobebi
Sekribos, mowmeebs dakiTxos, erTi sityviT SeuZlia yovelgvari ma­
saliT isargeblos da ise moaxdinos Semowmeba. am mizniT iuridiul­
ma komisiam warmoudgina damfuZnebel krebas mis mier SemuSavebuli
kanon-proeqti, romliTac Semowmeba uWkuosa, Tu Wkuidan SeSlilisa
unda moxdes aseTi wesiT, da Tavis mxriT fiqrobs rom es kanon-pro­
eqti unda iqnas miRebuli. es gaxlavT kanon-proeqtis saxiT da ara
rogorc dekreti da amitom unda moxdes muxlobrivi ganxilva erTi
kviris Semdeg.
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva baton kirile niniZes
ekiTvnis.

4. nafici veqilis iv. zedginiZis Suamdgomloba.

k. niniZe (s.-d.) saqme Semovida, batonebo, iuridiul komisiaSi

damf. krebis prezidiumisagan. moqalaqe zedginiZes aRuZravs saCivari
b-n jafariZis winaaRmdeg sasamarTloSi. uCivis SeuracxyofisaTvis.
sasamarTlos uxelmZRvanelebia damf. krebis kanoniT da saqme SeuCer­
ebia. amis gamo b. zedginiZe sTxovs damf. krebis prezidiums, rom mas
mieces neba es saqme ganaaxlos sasamarTloSi.
am saqmis Taobaze saqmeSi aris ganmarteba b. s. jafariZis, rome­
lic fiqrobs, rom iseT SemTxvevaSi, rodesac pasuxisgebaSi aZleven
SeuracxyofisaTvis, aseTi saqmisaTvis damf. krebis dasturi ar aris
saWiro da isedac SeiZleba iqnes pasuxisgebaSi micemuli. miT umetes,
rom baton zedginiZes SeeZlo ufro iolad wasuliyo, mas SeeZlo amis
Sesaxeb disciplinaruli saqme aReZra veqilTa sabWoSi. yovel SemTx­
vevaSi is TviTon fiqrobs, rom es sul ar Seexeboda damf. krebaso.
magram iuridiulma komisiam ar gaiziara b. jafariZis mosazreba. iu­
ridiuli komisia fiqrobs, rom aseT SemTxvevaSi saWiroa damf. krebis
dasturi. aseT daskvnas iZleva iuridiuli komisia.
Tavmjdomare. sityvas Tu inebebs vinme? sityvis msurveli aravi­
naa. soc.-dem. fraqciis azriT moxsenebul sakiTxTa Sesaxeb aseTi gad­
awyvetileba unda miviRoT:
„damf. kreba winaaRmdegi ar aris ivane zedginiZis da sergi ja­
fariZis saqme Seuracxyofis Taobze gairCes sasamarTlos wesiT“.
aseTi gaxlavs proeqti. inebebs vinme sityvas? sityvis msurve­
li aravinaa. vin aris winaaRmdegi? Tavi vin Seikava? gadawyvetile­
ba miRebulia. dRiuri wesrigi amowurulia. axla moismineT Semdegi
sxdo­mis wesrigi. (mdivans) gTxovT moaxsenoT. (mdivani kiTxulobs).
sxdo­ma daxuruli gaxlavT.
sxdoma 1 1/2 s. ixureba.

267
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

meToTxmete sxdoma

(14)

1920 weli. aprilis 30. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. mTavrobis gancxadeba aderbeijanSi bolSevikebis Semosvlis

Sesaxeb.
2. dekreti – 300 milioni maneTis gadadebis Sesaxeb samxedro saWi­
roebisaTvis.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebel krebis Tavmjdomaris ufrosi am­

xanagi
aleqsandre lomTaTiZe.
mdivnobs damfuZnebl krebis mdivani konstantine jafariZe.
prezidiumSi arian: eqvTime TayaiSvili da simon mdivani.
sxdoma ixsneba 11 1/2 s.
Tavmjdomare. sxdoma gaxsnili gaxlavT. mdivani mogaxsenebT dRi­
ur wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs).

dRiuri wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti kanonisa – sadisciplino wesdebis damtkicebis

Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
2. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – Sinagan-saqmeTa saministros ad­
ministratiuli nawilis inspeqciis Statis damatebisa. momxsenebelia
qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
3. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa gareSe-saqmeTa sa­
ministros kancelariis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.
momxsenebelia salayaia.

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 4. dekreti – darialis sanapiro razmTan arsebuli ori saartile­
rio mwyobris droebiTi Statis damtkicebisa. momxsenebelia giorgaZe.
5. dekreti – mixeilis saxelobis saavadmyofosTan arsebuli su­
liT avadmyofTa TavSesafris Statis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebe­
lia salayaia.
6. SekiTxva – damfuZnebeli krebis wevris gr. veSapelisa mTavro­
bisadmi – tyis kanonis Seusruleblobis Sesaxeb.
7. SekiTxva – soc.-fed. fraqciisa Sinagan-saqmeTa ministrisadmi
– afTiaqebSi momuSaveTa profesionaluri kavSiris krebaze gansa­
kuTrebuli razmis agentis saidumlod daswrebis Sesaxeb.

damateba:

8. dekreti – mTavrobis gankargulebaSi respublikis dacvis saW­

iroebisaTvis 300.000.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis mTavrobis Tavmjdomares. (dam­
fuZnebeli kreba xangrZliv ovaciebs umarTavs premier-ministrs).
noe Jordania (mTavrobis Tavmjdomare). moqalaqeno! maqvs pativi
mTavrobis saxeliT mogaxsenoT Semdegi:
politikuri Rrublebi Cvens irgvliv kidev airivnen. sabWoTa
ruseTis mosazRvreoba Cveni norCi respublikisaTvis TandaTan muqa­
raT xdeba. is Cven dagviaxlovda jer CrdiloeTiT, gviaxlovdeba soW­
is mimarTulebiT, xolo axla karze mogvadga aRmosavleTiT – ader­
beijanis saSualebiT.
pirveli garemoeba CvenSi ar iwvevs araviTar SiSs, – darialis da
gagris gadmolaxva SeuZlebelia. sul sxvaa aderbeijanis mimarTule­
ba, saidanac sazRvrebi gaSlilia da amitom mec am mxriT minda miva­
qcio dRes Tqveni yuradReba.
27 aprils aderbeijanis mTavrobam gvamcno: bolSevikebis jari
moadga Cvens sazRvrebso, Cveni jarebi maT ebrZvian da samxedro dax­
mareba aRmogviCineTo. maSinve Seikriben ministrebi da Cven davsviT
aseTi winaswari kiTxva: surs aderbeijanis xalxs SeebrZolos bolSe­
vikebs da miiReben am brZolaSi isini mTavar simZimes? am SemTxvevaSi
Cven movale viqnebiT davexmaroT ara marto xelSekrulebis ZaliT, ar­
amed politikurad da moraluradac. da marTlac, eris TviTgamorkve­
va, misi neba-survilebi Cven migvaCnia erTad-erT gadamWrel faqtorad
erTa damokidebulebisa da Seuryevel saZirkvelad sagareo poli­
tikisa. amitom Cven vTqviT: Tu gareSe Zala aderbeijanis eris TviTga­
morkvevas emuqreba, Tu is mis sazRvrebSi ZaliT Semodis – es aris aR­
maSfoTebeli darRveva eris uflebisa da Cvenc masTan viqnebiT. magram
Tu es ase ar aris, Tu TviT eri, xalxia momxre ucxo Zalis Semoyvanis,
maSin am Zalis winaaRmdeg galaSqreba eris uflebis Selaxva iqneboda
Cvenis mxriT da imave dros gagzavnili jaris daRupvac. ai, es Cveni
azri dauyovnebliv vacnobeT baqoSi da SevudeqiT gamorkvevas iqa­

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uri politikuri atmosferis. magram saaTis pirvelze ukve miviReT
cnoba, rom bolSevikebi ukve xaCmazSi moviden, xolo saRamos Svid
saaTze sadgur sangaitSi, balajaris axlo, e. i. eqvsi saaTis ganmav­
lobaSi ganvles asi versi. maSin ki gavigeT raSiac iyo saqme da vTqvaT:
bolSevikebi midian swrafi matareblebiT, sruliad ubrZolvelad da
maSasadame, aderbeijanis TanxmobiT. mividnen sruliad umniSvnelo
ZalebiT, ori javSniani matarebliT. maTi ukan gareka da matareblis
datyveveba mcire Zalas SeeZlo, magram vinaidan amis survili ar iyo,
bolSevikebis Sesvla ubralo gaseirnebad gadaiqca.
Cveni eWvebi, rogorc xedavT, savsebiT gamarTlda.
raze iyo dafuZnebuli Cveni eWvebi?
is iyo dafuZnebuli or garemoebaze: Cemi azriT, bolSevikuri moZ­
raoba aris ukan CamorCenili, politikurad ganuviTarebeli xalxis
moZraoba. iq, sadac ar aris demokratia, demokratiuli organoebi, ma­
Sasadame xalxi Tavis-Tavs ar marTavs, ar aris Cabmuli politikur da
sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi, ai, aq xalxi Tavis mxsnel da marTvel Zalas
zevidan, garedan moelis, aRWurvils magari xeliT da mtkice nebisy­
ofiT. da Tu kidev amas miumatebT imas, rom aderbeijanSi revoli­
uciis arc erTi didi monapovari ar ganxorcielebula, aq jerac ar
CamourTmeviaT xanebisTvis miwebi da Zveli agraruli urTierToba
savsebiT Senaxulia, advilad warmosadgenia xalxis ukmayofileba
arsebuli reJimiT da survili am reJimis gamocvlis, Tundac avanti­
uraSi gadavardniT. ai, am garemoebam moamzada socialuri niadagi
aderbeijanSi bolSevikuri gadatrialebisa. magram amas zed daerTo
meore, ara nakleb sayuradRebo momenti. es aris momenti nacionaluri.
da amas aSkarad aRiarebs baqos dRevandeli mTavroba Tavis ukanasknel
mowodebaSi. isini aderbeijanis winandel mTavrobas acxadeben eris
moRalateT imitom, rom mas kavSiri hqonda antantasTan, xolo antan­
tam daamarcxa osmaleTi, dahyo is da, maSasadame, baqos komunistebis
TvalSi es antanta aderbeijanis mteric aris, xolo vinaidan moskovis
bolSevikebic antantis winaaRmdegia, radgan isini jer kidev ar icno
evropam, aq SeerTda interesebi moskov-arzrumisa da gaiba qseli rus
komunistebsa da anatoliis nacionalistebs Soris.
SeiZleba gadaWriT iTqvas, rom aderbeijanis komunistur ga­
datrialebaSi es nacionaluri momenti TamaSobda uaRres rols,
xolo socialuri momenti xelqveiTs. es sCans iqidan, rom maT Tav­
is mTavrobaSi ar Seiyvanes arc erTi ara musulmani, rom maT, Cvenis
cnobiT, ganzraxuli aqvT pirvel yovlisa gailaSqron somxeTze, ana­
toliis jarebTan SesaerTeblad.
amnairad, baqos bolSevikuri gadatrialeba mimarTulia pirvel
yovlisa evropis saxelmwifoTa osmaleTidan gasaZeveblad.
meordeba is, rac moxda 1918 w.
maSin rusis bolSevikebma (brest-litovski) da musavatma Semoi­
yvanes osmaleTi amier-kavkasiaSi, axla musavatis rols kisruloben

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aderbeijanis komunistebi. magram ukanasknelT daaviwydaT erTi ram
– musavatma Semoiyvana gamarjvebuli osmaleTi, xolo komunistebs
ki SemohyavT damarcxebuli da daSlili osmaleTi da isic ara osma­
leTis namdvili mTavroba, aramed arzrumis nacionalistebi. aseT
pirobebSi baqos komunistebis TamaSi windawin damarcxebad unda
CaiTvalos da vai Tu osmaleTis aRdgenis magier TviT aderbeijanic
samudamod daRupon.
rogorc xedavT, aderbeijanis bedi dRes SeerTebulia bolSevi­
kur ruseTTan da qiamal-faSis osmaleTTan. es komunistur-faSuri
qurqi axasiaTebs baqos dRevandel mesveurT da miT is Tan atarebs Ta­
vis damarcxebas.
vwuxvarT, rom Cveni mezobeli respublika avantiuraSi Cavarda da
ufskrulisaken gaeqana, amiT is Cven dRes gamogveTiSa, davrCiT marto,
magram, b-bo, martooba yovelTvis ar niSnavs dauZlurebas. piriqiT,
martoT darCena zogjer niSnavs Zlierebas. 1918 w. Cven gadavrCiT
imiT, rom aderbeijans droze gamoveTiSeT, e. i. maSin martoobam gvixs­
na osmaleTis uRlisagan da dResac igivea. aderbeijanisagan gamoTiS­
va, misi avantiuris uarisyofa, Cveni sakuTari gzis, sakuTari poli­
tikis SenarCuneba da warmoeba gvixsnis gansacdelisagan.
bolSevizmis CvenSi SemoSveba, aq misi gamefeba niSnavs Cvens ad­
erbeijanaT gaxdomas, bolSevikur-osmalur imperializmis saqarTve­
loSi gabatonebas. aderbeijanis gzaze Cveni Sedgoma, misi politi­
kuri mrwamsis miReba – es Tavisufal da demokratiul saqarTvelos
samudamoT dasamarebaa, es evropisagan samudamoT mowyvetaa da aziis
fanatikosebis brWyalebSi Cavardna.
bolSevizmis CvenSi SemoWra niSnavs ukan CamorCenili wyobilebis
mowinave qveyanaSi SeWras, demokratiis, xalxis batonobis alagas ti­
raniis gamefebas.
bolSevizmi aq gaakeTebs imas, rasac ruseTSi Svreba – gaauqmebs
erobebs, qalaqTa TviTmmarTvelobebs, Temebs, mospobs yvela TviT­
marTvel organoebs – samoqalaqo da politikur Tavisuflebas da
maT alags ganawesebs teroristebis da wiTeli armiis batonobas. Ta­
visufal Semoqmedebis da moZraobis adgils daikavebs xiSti. bolSe­
vizmi gaauqmebs agrarul reformas, mospobs miwaze kerZo sakuTre­
bas, rac gamoiwvevs glexTa Soris Setakebas, sisxlis Rvras da miT
gaxvevs mTel ers samoqalaqo omSi. gareks damfuZnebel krebas da mis
alagas daaskupebs xuTamde kacs, rogorc es dRes baqoSia da is mo­
evlineba ers batonad. erTi sityviT, bolSevizmi amoarTmevs qarT­
vel xalxs suls, amoglejs enas, yovelive imas, rac man Seqmna, raSiac
gamoxata Tavisi SemoqmedebiTi politikuri niWi. daepatroneba is
usulo gvams da bolos gadaugdebs sajijgnaT an moskovis reaqcias,
an osmaleTis faSas.
b-bo, Cven amas ar vizamT, Cven ver viqnebiT Cveni xalxis moRalate,
Cven Cvens saxelovan postze mtkiceT, Seuryevlad davrCebiT. Cven mar­

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to ara varT. CvenTan aris mTeli evropa Tu azia – dRes Cvens winaSe
konkretulad sdgas es sakiTxi, da vimeoreb, dRes kidev ufro xma maR­
la, kidev ufro medgraT vimeoreb imas, rac 14 ianvars aq, am tribuni­
dan vsTqvi – Cven virCevT evropas, evropis demokratias.
b-bo, mTavroba ukve Seudga Tavdacvis mowyobas. man daarsa sa­
gangebo Tavdacvis sabWo, gamoacxada mobilizacia, daniSna sardali,
daayena aRmosavleTi saqarTvelo samxedro wesebze. gamoiTxova Ta­
vdacvis fondi; miiRo yovelnairi winaswari zomebi. Cven mzaT varT
brZolisaTvis, Cveni jari, Cveni gvardia, mTeli Cveni demokratia
CvenTan aris. Cven vaCvenebT qveyanas, Tu ras niSnavs Tavis dacva, dacva
Tavis sazRvrebis, Tavis wyobilebis, Tavis Tavisuflebis. bolSevike­
bi Cveulni arian msubuq gamarjvebas; pirvelaT aq, Cvens sazRvrebze
gaigeben, Tu ras niSnavs mZime damarcxeba. Cven ar varT winaaRmdegi
maTTan molaparakebis, keTil-mezoblur urTierTobis damyarebis, ma­
gram es Tu ar moisurva, Tu Cven wmidaTa-wmidas Seexen, Tu Cvens saz­
Rvrebs daemuqren, maSin qarTveli demokratia daumtkicebs qveyanas,
rom man icis saxelmwifos ara marto aSeneba, aramed – misi dacvac. aqvs
niWi ara marto politikuri Semoqmedebis, aramed – unari brZolisac,
maSin dadgeba is dro, roca gadaWriT vityviT: sjobs sicocxlesa naZ­
raxsa sikvdili saxelovani. (ovaciebi da mxurvale taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva damfuZnebeli krebis wevrs b. Cxenkels.
a. Cxenkeli (s.-d.) moqalaqeno! Cveni fraqcia savsebiT uerTdeba
mTavrobis Tavmjdomaris da respublikis umaRles warmomadgenlis
gancxadebas. damfuZnebeli kreba, rogorc gamomxatveli eris uzenae­
si nebisyofisa, ra Tqma unda, gverdSi amoudgeba mTavrobas, misi ndo­
biT aRWurvil mTavrobas da gauadvilebs mas im didi movaleobis aR­
srulebas, romelsac moiTxovs dRevandeli momenti. me SemiZlian isic
vTqva, rom damfuZnebeli kreba gamoxatavs ara marto Tavis azrs, is
gamoxatavs mTeli eris azrs. mTeli eri ori wlis ganmavlobaSi, Tqven
kargad iciT, eweoda aRmSeneblobiTi muSaobas. mas aqvs mmarTvelo­
ba da TviTmmarTveloba da, ra Tqma unda, mTeli saxelmwifoebrivi
aparati, TviTmmarTvelobis aparati gverdSi amoudgeba mTavrobas,
rom man sZlios yvela is siZneleni, romelnic mas gadaeRobebian win. me
gamovTqvam agredve sruls rwmenas, rom Tavdacvis saqmeSi qarTveli
eri ganurCevlad partiuli rwmenisa, saqarTvelos xalxi ganurCev­
lad erovnebisa, iqneba rogorc erTi kaci, rogorc erTi pirovneba
da bolomdis Seasrulebs Tavis wminda movaleobas. mTeli Cveni or­
ganizaciebi, iqneba es politikuri, ekonomiuri Tu profesiuli da
kulturuli, mTeli es Zala sulieri da nivTieri saxelmwifoisa, ro­
melic Seqmnilia Semoqmedebis dros, yovelive es unda moxmardes im
udides saqmes, romlis Sesaxeb ilaparaka mTavrobis Tavmjdomarem.
aq metia imaze laparaki, rom Cveni saxelovani jari da saxalxo
gvardia Tavis movaleobas Seasrulebs. is ukve gawvrTnilia brZo­
laSi, brZolaSi Tavisuflebis da damoukideblobis, revoliuciuri

273
monapovarTa dacvisaTvis. am mxriv mas ar eWirveba gaxseneba, aq sit­
yva metia. rodesac sakiTxi dadgeba saqmeze, ra Tqma unda, Cveni Sei­
araRebuli Zala erTsulovnad daicavs uZvirfases ganZs – damoukide­
blobas da Tavisuflebas.
moqalaqeno! me SemiZlian vsTqva, TiTqos vgrZnob eris majis cemas,
TiTqos mesmis igi, unda gamogitydeT, arasodes ar mwamda saqarTve­
los damoukidebloba ise, rogorc dRes (taSi). swored dRes, swored
am momentSi gamoiWedeba saqarTvelo Tavis bunebriv sazRvrebSi.
misken iyureba mTeli evropa. ara erTxel gviTqvams, rom aq aris
jvaredini gza, sadac unda SeebrZolos erTi-meores ori principi;
principi demokratizmisa, saxelmwifoebriobisa da principi des­
potizmisa, anarqiisa. aq SeebrZoleba, ase vsTqvaT, evropis kultura
aziis ukulturobas, evropis dawinaureba aziis CamorCenilobas da
vinaidan Cven gvxvda wilad, rom am udidesi sakiTxis gadawyvetaSi, ro­
melic ainteresebs mTel ganaTlebul msoflios, aqtiuri monawileoba
miviRoT. me vfiqrob rom Tu maSin, rodesac Cven win idga mxolod da
marto sakiTxi eris fizikuri gadarCenisa, ase vsTqvaT, Cveni erovnu­
li sakiTxi, Tu maSin Cven viyaviT Tavis adgilze, momentis simaRleze,
me eWvi ara maqvs, rom exla miT ufro gaorkecebuli energiis da Zlier­
ebiT, mTeli Cveni arsebobiT vecdebiT davdgeT momentis simaRleze.
Cveni pozicia sruliad martivi da naTelia, amazed sakmaod sTqva
mTavrobis Tavmjdomarem: Cven vicavT mxolod Cvens Tavs, damoukide­
blobas, revoliucionur monapovarT, romelnic amave dros arian
sakacobrio ganZi. amas icavs evropa, evropis demokratia Tavis sam­
SobloSi. swored amasve vicavT Cven Cvens samSobloSi. Cven momxdomni
ara varT.
Cven mudam mzad varT, keTil-mezobluri ganwyobileba viqonioT
Cvens mezoblebTan, aris es Soreuli Tu maxlobeli mezobeli. Cven
arasodes ar gaurbodiT, rom molaparakeba yofiliyo Cvensa da bol­
Sevikebs Soris. Tqven iciT notebis gacvla-gamocvla Cvensa da bol­
Sevikebs Soris. Tqven iciT notebis gacvla-gamocvla Cveni mTavrobis
da moskovis Soris. maSasadame, sruliad samarTliania is saqme, ro­
melsac Cven vicavT. es aris mxolod Cveni Tavisuflebis dacva, im Ta­
visuflebis, romlisTvisac Cven ar dagvizognia araviTari msxverpli
da arc momavalSi davzogavT.
Tqven iciT, iyo momenti, roca bolSevikebi, ase vTqvaT, Tav-dacviT
politikas awarmoebdnen, isini icavdnen Tavis Tavs gareSe Zalebi­
sagan, isini ambobdnen, rom icaven sabWoTa ruseTs, revoliucionur
ruseTs, revoliucionur samSoblos. gvaxsovs Cven yvela es frazebi.
es iyo maSin, ase vsTqvaT, Tavdacva.
Tqven gaxsovT saqarTvelos gansakuTrebuli roli am saerTaSori­
so procesSi, saqarTvelom ara marto dRes, aramed im wuTidan, rodesac
man Tavisi damoukidebloba gamoacxada, Tavis damoukideblobis aqtSi
sTqva da ganaxorciela saqmiT, rom is daicavs sruls neitralitets,

274
ar Caereva ruseTis samoqalaqo omSi. da gansakuTrebuli roli saqa­
rTvelosi mdgomareobs swored imaSi, rom is ar gamxdara da verc gax­
deba iaraRaT gareSe Zalis xelSi, is iyo loialuri mudam da darCeba
loialuri yovelTvis, Tavisi sazRvrebis gared, sul erTia, vinc unda
iyos am sazRvar-gared, ra mTavrobac ar unda arsebobdes iq. maSasa­
dame, kidev maSin, rodesac im movlenas ar hqonda alagi, romelic dRes
aris, Cven videqiT mtkice, garkveul gzaze da es gza iyo gza loialo­
bis da neitralobisa yvela Cveni mezoblebis mimarT.
es iyo winad. ras vxedavT dRes? dRes bolSevizmi sul sxva fers
iRebs. is eweva ara mogerebiT oms, aramed TavdasxmiT oms. is revoli­
ucionur frazeologiaSi xedavs Tavis imperialistur suls.
bolSevikuri socializmi ukve mokvda ruseTSi. misi nayofi iyo
ruseTis mTeli ekonomiuri cxovrebis, politikuri wyobilebis,
saxelmwifo meqanizmis dangreva da daSla. es iyo nayofi egred­
wodebul bolSevikur socializmisa. am mxriv man ganicada sruli ga­
kotreba da am gakotrebas Cvenis mxriT mtkiceba ar unda. ramdenad­
ac isini TavianT deklaraciebSi TviTon aRiareben saSinel kriziss,
romlis winaSe sdgas ruseTi yovel-mxriv: misi transporti, misi
mrewveloba, misi aReb-micemoba, mTeli misi Sinauri cxovreba, misi sa­
sursaTo krizisi, misi brZola tilebTan... ori wlis socialisturi
Semoqmedeba da bolos ki, rogorc lozungi, brZola sibinZuresTan da
tilebTan! ai, nayofi bolSvikuri socializmisa.
exla ki bolSevizmi lamobs gamoasworos yvela es Zveli gziT,
ukve damxobili reJimis politikiT da taqtikiT. misi mamoZravebeli
RerZi dRes-dReobiT aris sruliad aSkara imperializmi, nacional­
izmi, e. i. ara nacionaluri Tav-dacva, aramed nacionalizmi, ramde­
nadac hgulisxmobs sxva naciebis dapyrobis, am rigaT, bolSevizmi
daiwyo socializmiT da aTavebs carizmiT. man mospo ara marto dam­
fuZnebeli kreba, man mospo da gaanadgura demokratia. ruseTSi Tqven
ver hxedavT demokratias, ar arsebobs iq demokratia, rogorc aseTi,
romelic poulobs Tavis gansaxierebas raime organoSi. damfuZnebe­
li kreba, eroba, qalaqis TviTmmarTveloba, politikuri, ekonomiuri
organizaciebi da yovelive es, Tqven iciT, – Tu ra didi amagi miuZR­
vis ruseTis aRorZinebis saqmeSi Zveli reJimis dros, – yovelive es
dRes man mospo. da maSasadame demokratia, rogorc aseTi ar arsebobs.
man gza gauxsna despotizms da dRes Tu bolSevikebi arian saxelmwi­
fos saTaveSi, maTi taqtika da politika aris Zveli reJimis taqtika
da politika.
da aqedgan gamomdinareobs is, rac moxda – es maTi kavSiri osmale­
Tis nacionalistebTan moskovsa da arzrumis kavSiri. aqedgan gamom­
dinareobs isic, rom isini zurgs aqceven evropas da miiswrafian azii­
saken, rom iq gaakeTon Savi saqmeebi, romlebsac akeTebda Zveli reJimi.
moqalaqeno, Cven gvaqvs Cveni perspeqtivebi, gakvriT ukve axsena
mTavrobis Tavmjdomarem 1918 da 1920 weli. maT Soris aris analo­

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gia im mxriv, rom maSin, rogorc gaxsovT, bolSevikebma gasces ara
marto ruseTi, agreTve gasces mTeli amier-kavkasia. brest-litov­
skSi man daiCoqa germaniis imperializmis winaSe da xeli moawera ara
marto ruseTis ganadgurebas, aramed ganadgurebas amier-kavkasiisas.
es analogia aris imdenad, ramdenadac imave brest-litovsks dRes,
ueWvelia, adgili aqvs, maSin, roca erTi meores uaxlovdebodnen
moskov-aderbeijan-arzrumi, ueWvelia, ukanasknelni raime fass, sas­
yidels moelodnen am koaliciidgan da, ueWvelia, am koaliciis sas­
yideli igive ganaxlebuli brest-litovskia. sakiTxi exeba imave yarss,
imave baToms da artaans. magram ar aris am or dataTa Soris analogia
im ­mxriv, rom maSin marTlac Cven saqme gvqonda gamarjvebul germaniis
da osmaleTis imperializmTan, xolo dRes saqme gvaqvs ganadgurebul
da damarcxebul osmaleTTan da gakotrebul rusul bolSevizmTan.
maSasadame, es ar aris iseTi kombinacia Zalebisa, romelsac SeeZlos
Cveni ganadgureba. Cven SiSi ar mogvelis imdenad, ramdenadac osmale­
Tis tvini da Tavi stamboli TviT mis xelSi ar aris. arzrumi saSiSi ar
aris CvenTvis. imdenad, ramdenadac ruseTis bolSevizmi Sin saSinel
kriziss ganicdis, is Seecdeba mzgavsad Zveli reJimisa, gaZvaltyave­
bul rusis xalxis yuradReba gareSe omebs miapyros. magram, vinaidan
bolSevizmi gaixrwna SigniT, is ver SesZlebs saxeli moixveWos gareT,
is ar warmoadgens saSinelebas CvenTvis.
Cven viciT rogori iyo brZola bolSevikebsa da moxaliseTa So­
ris, am ukanasknelaT. es ar iyo brZola darazmul mterTan, aramed
sruliad darRveul da ukan damxev brboebTan. maSasadame, egred
wodebuli siZliere bolSevizmisa iyo ara imaSi, rom, TiTqos isini
ebrZodnen mters da brZolidgan gamarjvebuli gamodiodnen, aramed
imaSi, rom mopirdapire gaixrwna, rasac Cven yovelTvis vambobdiT. es
CvenTvis moulodneli iyo.
aq ki bolSevizms daxvdeba saxelmwifo, demokratiuli saxel­
mwifo, Segnebul, organizaciulad darazmuli, romelsac aqvs mTeli
Tavisi aparati: damfuZnebeli kreba, – nebis-yofa erisa, Tavi – mTav­
roba, xelebi – samxedro Zala. maSasadme, aseT organizms, Cvens saxel­
mwifos sruliad ar gauZneldeba SeebrZolos mimxdom Turq-rusul
imperializms, Tu man moindoma gadalaxva Cveni sazRvrebisa.
marTalia Cven ara gvyavs kargi mezobeli – es unda vaRiaroT Cven.
Cven vsTqviT erT dros, rom Cven gvinda iseTi dro dadges, rodesac
mezoblebi daicaven TavianT sakuTar erovnuls da saxelmwifoe­
briv interesebs. es dro, samwuxarod, jer ar damdgara magaliTad
aderbeijanisaTvis. is, rac iq moxda, unda daerqvas saxelad avanti­
ura. vinaidgan iq xalxi CamorCenilia, moumwifebeli politikurad,
eZleva saSualeba sxva da sxva upasuxismgeblo wreebs da pirebs xal­
xis saxeliT ilaparakon. bolSevizmis movlena amier-kavkasiaSi aris
swored Zveli uRelis – ruseTis imperializmis aRdgena. samwuxarod,
es ar esmis da, SesaZlebelia, arc ki gaugia aderbeijanis xalxs, mag­

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ram Cven imedi gvaqvs rom is Seignebs mas axlo momavalSi. mas axsovs
is, rom 1918 w. osmaleTma Tavisuflebis magier saxrCobelani aumar­
Ta mas baqoSi da ganjaSi. igive ganmeordeba dRes, Tu miviRebT saxeSi
bolSevikebis saSinel terors ruseTSi da qiamil-faSis jarebs arz­
rumSi. da Cven imedi gvaqvs, rom Cqara moxdeba gamofxizleba aderbei­
janis xalxisa, rom maT, vinc saTaveSi dgas dRes, upasuxismgebloba,
komunizmi Ralatobs mis sasicocxlo interesebs, rom is matyuarobs
da aderbeijanis momavals da misi bed-iRbals ukavSirebs uZlur da
saSinlaT damarcxebul Turq-rusul imperializms.
exla aSkaraa yvelasaTvis, Tu ratom muSaobdnen mmarTveli
wreebi aderbeijanisa ase gafacicebiT samusulmano saqarTveloSi
baTomSi da sxvagan, ratom eweodnen ase daJinebiT propaganda-agita­
cias Cvens winaaRmdeg. exla es yvelasTvis aris gasagebi. magram Cven
gvindoda, rom es saxelmwifo marTla saxelmwifo yofiliyo, marTla
daecva Tavisi damoukidebloba da Tavisufleba. Cven movtyuvdiT
amaSi, marTalia, magram me vfiqrob – da Rrmad var darwmunebuli,
rom ar movtyuvdiT erTSi – rom TviT aderbeijanis xalxi mixvdeba
saiTkenac gadaisrola is misma mmarTvelma wreebma. mas piri evropi­
saken qonda, is iyo axali cxovrebas dawafebuli, magram mas piri
ubrunes aziisaken.
Cven martoni varT. Tavis-Tavad cxadia umTavresi Cveni Zala TviT
Cvena varT, Cveni xalxi, Cveni demokratia, misi saxelmwifoebrivi
aparati, rogorc mogaxseneT, misi SeiaraRebuli Zala, magram amas Ta­
namgrZnobica hyavs. da es aris evropis demokratia.
Tqven iciT, revoliucia moxda evropaSic. ra gvamcno man? isa, rom
evropis revoliuciam savsebiT gaamarTla Cveni meTodi brZolisa da
aRmSeneblobisa, demokratiuli meTodi. Cvenda saamayod isic unda
iTqvas, rom Cvenma erma misca pirveli magaliTi germania-avstrias,
ase rom revoliuciis ganviTareba iq aris sruli dadastureba Cveni
politikisa da taqtikisa da dagmoba bolSevikur politikisa da taq­
tikisa.
Cven ar veWvobT, rom momavali swored Cvenia. erTis mxriv Cven
saqme gvaqvs dauZlurebul, gaborotebul ZalebTan, romelic moq­
medebs sasowarkveTilebis motiviT, da arzrum-moskovis moqmedeba
swored sasowarkveTilis nayofia. rom Sin aaSenon Tavisi qveyana, isi­
ni garedan eZeben xsnas – es aris sasowarkveTilebis nabiji. da meo­
res mxriT Cven saqme gvaqvs dawinaurebul saxelmwifoebTan, ganaTle­
bul erebTan, romelTa TanagrZnoba Cven mxarezea. Cven socialuradac
gvinda mxolod da mxolod viaroT evropasTan. politikuradac Cven
SegviZlia vsTqvaT, rom is didi procesi, didi dava – bolSevizmi Tu
demokratizmi, Cven es dava movigeT imdenad, ramdenadac es iyo dasmu­
li praqtikulad evropaSi, sadac demokratizmi mogebuli gamovida
Waobidan. Cven movigebT meore davasac, romelic exeba Cvens Soreul
miznebs – socializmis ganxorcielebas. Cven vivliT mxolod da mx­

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olod evropis demokratiasTan, evropis mSromel masasTan da Cven mi­
vaRwevT, rogorc Cvens maxlobels, ise Cvens Soreul idealebsac.
damfuZnebeli kreba Tavis mxriv, eWvi ar aris, gamoiCens udides
aqtualobas, romelic saWiroa swored am momentSi. is aris kanonmdebe­
li, man yovelgvari daxmareba unda gauwios mTavrobas, magram is unda
iyos agreTve xalxTan, man udidesi monawileoba unda miiRos xalxis
udidesi gancdis dros da me imedi maqvs, rom Cven gveqneba am sakiTxze
gansakuTrebuli msjeloba. Cven miviRebT gansakuTrebul zomebs, rom
damfuZnebeli kreba iyves gamomxatveli ara Tu eris uzenaesobisa, ar­
amed is iyos damcveli eris udidesi interesebisa, rom is iyos xalxTan
da xalxTan erTad gahyves mis ndobiT aRWurvils mTavrobas da sab­
olood gaamarjvebinos mis erovnul da saerTaSoriso idealebs. Cven
davavalebT Cvens prezidiums, rom man mihmarTos Sesaferi mowodebiT
qarTvel ers, mTel saqarTvelos xalxs, ganurCevlad erovnebisa da
rwmenisa, rom is mzad iyos da Tu dadga wami brZolisa Tavisi wminda­
Ta-wmidis – Tavisufali da damoukidebeli samSoblos da revoliuci­
is monapovarTa dasacavad, is Tavis adgilze iqneba. (xangrZlivi taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis S. nucubiZes.
S. nucubiZe. (s.-f.) moqalaqeno, damfuZnebeli krebis wevrno!
Cveni samSoblo ara erTxel yofila mZime mdgomareobaSi, kars ara
erTxel mosdgomia mteri, magram is mdgomareoba, romelsac ganicdis
dRes da is mteri, romelic mas dRes mosdgomia kars, sruliad gan­
sakuTrebulia. Tu aqamdis saqarTvelos ara erTxel kars mosdgomia
mteri, mas yovelTvis garkveuli saxe hqonebia da qarTveli eri masSi
sruliad naTlad da garkveulad xedavda imas, rasac warmoadgenda igi
sinamdvileSi.
am SemTxvevaSi gansakuTrebuli mdgomareoba isaa, moqalaqeno, rom
Cvens sazRvrebs mosdgomia iseTi Zala, romlis gza mofenilia illi­
uziebiT, da am illiuziebiT moculi hqmnis iseT mdgomareobas, rom
verc erTi sawinaaRmdego Zala ver Sexvda mas mTeli politikuri cno­
bierebiT aRWurvili.
gansakuTrebuli siZliere im Zalisa swored imaSi mdgomareobs,
rom aravin icis: mteria is, Tu moyvare. magram Cveni qveynis mdgomareo­
ba ganirCeva yvela imaTagan, romelnic am Zalis sawinaaRmdegod gamo­
sulan. arc erTxel im gzis gaswvriv, romelic Cvens kars mosdgomia,
mis winaaRmdeg ar mimarTula iseTi organizaciulad mTliani ram, ro­
goric dgeba dRes win, da, maSasadame, arc erTxel mis sawinaaRmdego
Zalas ar hqonia saSualeba garkveulad warmoedgina misi saxe, imisTvis
niRabi aexada da eTqva, mteria igi Tu moyvare. magram igi mteri aris
saqmiT da moyvare sityviT. damfuZnebelma krebam, qarTvel eris cno­
bierebis gvirgvinma, unda am mxriT savsebiT gaaSuqos es sakiTxi da is
gansakuTrebuli mdgomareoba, romelic Seiqna Cvens irgvliv: swored
amaSia misi daniSnuleba da Cven unda SevsZloT gavfantoT is illiuz­
iebi, romliTac moculia Cveni dRevandeli mowinaaRmdegis gza.

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 erT mTavar illiuzias Seicavs Semdegi: Zalian xSirad hgoniaT,
rom bolSevikebTan brZola, maT winaaRmdeg gamosvla, saerTod maTTan
ama Tu im urTierTobis damyarebisa, aris sakiTxi politikuri xazis,
programis da gegmisa. erTxel da samudamod yvela amas, vinc am sakiTx­
iT dainteresebulia da dRes ki saqarTveloSi araa iseTi moqalaqe,
romelic ar iyos am sakiTxiT dainteresebuli, am maRali tribunidan
unda uTxraT: Cvens win sakiTxi sdgas bolSevikebTan ara ama Tu im urT­
ierTobis damyarebaze, ara ama Tu im politikur Tvalsazrisze, aramed
saxelmwifoebriv Tvalsazrisze. Cven winaSe sdgas sakiTxi ara imis Ses­
axeb, Tu ra gza unda avirCioT, marcxniT Tu marjvniT, komunistur Tu
burJuaziul programul ganxocielebisaken, aramed ori saxelmwifoe­
brivobis dapirispirebis Sesaxeb. aq aris brZola saxelmwifoebrivo­
bisaTvis da ara socialur-politikur programaze. sakiTxi ase unda
dadges da amgvaradve gaigos Cveni damf. krebis saSualebiT qarTvelma
erma. da roca am mxriv miudgebiT sakiTxs, naTeli xdeba erTi garemoeba.
CvenTvis arCevani ar arsebobs, ar arsebobs imitom, rom Cven yvela
damf. krebis monawile politikuri partiebi, vdgevarT saqarTvelos
damoukideblobis niadagze, rom yoveli politikuri jgufi saqarT­
veloSi moqmedi, miuxedavad misi simcirisa Tu siZlierisa, saqarTve­
los Tavisuflebas icavs. verc erTi politikuri partia am gzas ver
uRalatebs, piriqiT mTelis SegnebiT gaaskecebs eris energias da miT
gaaZlierebs misi Tavdacvis saSualebas da swored ase Segnebulad
ayenebs da sWris kidec am sakiTxs saqarTvelos socialist-federal­
istTa partia.
magram SeiZleba Cvenma mowinaaRmdegeebma da yvela imaT, vinc am
Tvalsazriss ar gaiziareben, gviTxran rom aseTi pozicia unda dasto­
vos da sakiTxi sxva niadagze daayenos. aris marTlac SemTxveva, rode­
sac erT saxelmwifos miaqvs meore saxelmwifosaTvis iseTi saganZuri,
rolisTvisac yvela is jgufi, romelic farTo masis interess icavs,
iZulebuli xdeba daTmobis gzas daadges da kari gauRos im Zalas, ro­
melic moutans imas, rac am uZlurma jgufebma garkveuls politikur
pirobebSi ver SesZles miekuTvnebinaT farTo masisaTvis. aseTi Tu aris
mdgomareoba, ase Tu sdgas sakiTxi, maSin TiTqos SesaZlebelia, rom ama
Tu im jgufma kari gauRos Cvens karze momdgar Zalas. aris am SemTxveva­
Si aseTi mdgomareoba? Cven aqac sruliad garkveulad, yovel meryeo­
bis gareSe, sruli pasuxismgeblobis SegnebiT da aseTive pasuxismge­
blobiT radikalur socialistur Tvalsazrisis winaSe unda vsTqvaT,
rom am SemTxvevaSi aseTi mdgomareoba ar aris da saqarTveloSi, maSasa­
dame am Tvalsazrisis ar iqneba arc erTi Zala, ra gind radikalur da
memarcxene miswrafebisa ar iyos igi, rom xeli moumarTon im gasaRebis
damsxvrevas, romliTac daketilia Cveni samSoblos kari (mTeli darba­
zis mxurvale taSi).
SeiZleba gviTxran, mowinaaRmdegeebma: marTalia Cven ar gvaqvs
dResdReobiT damTavrebuli saxis Rirebuleba, romliTac Cven Semov­

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alT Tqveni gasabedniereblad, magram miiReT mxedvelobaSi is mZime
garemoebani, romelSiac TandaTan iWedeboda is SedarebiT Rire­
buleba, romelic Cven SevqmeniT da imis imediT, rom Cven dagayenebT
swor gzaze, Tqven unda dagviTmoT da ar gauSvaT SemTxveva maRal
kulturul socialur RirebulebaTa ziarebisa.
magram Cven unda ganvacxadoT am SemTxvevaSiac sruli SegnebiT
Cveni mdgomareobisa da pasuxismgeblobisa: Cven varT patara eris
Svilebi, patara eris warmomadgenelni, da ar SegviZlia araviTar
SemTxvevaSi mxari dauWiroT iseT process, romelic ar gamorkveula
an Tu gamorkveula im mxriv, rom ar sCans araviTari niSani imisa, rom
mas moyveba dadebiTi Sedegi. Cven am SemTxvevaSi sruliad garkveviT
unda vsTqvaT, rom patara eris bedi im did WidilSi, romelic moxde­
ba xalxTa Soris momaval viTarebis gamosaWedad, damokidebulia mis
taqtze. Tavisi fizikur simciris gamo, igi xSirad iZulebulia aramc
Tu politikur, aramc Tu saerTaSoriso, aramed socialur-ekonomi­
ur sferoSiac ramodenadac SesaZloa neitraliteti daicvas.
patara ers xSirad ar SeuZlia gadaitanos is gansacdeli, is da­
Wimva erovnul nervebisa, is eqsperimentebi, romlebic didi eri­
saTvis araviTar safrTxes ar warmoadgens, romelsac igi advilad
uZlebs. (darbazSi moZraobaa). es sakiTxi CvenSi araviTar davas ar
iwvevs (xmebi: marTalia! taSi), rogorc saerTod dafuZnebel krebaSi,
ise Cvens partiul amxanagebSi. amitom me vfiqrob, rom am Tvalsazris­
iT SeiZleba savsebiT amoiwuros is, rac unda sTqvan mTeli eris war­
momadgenlebma, ganurCevlad partiuli rwmenisa da mimarTulebisa
(marTalia! taSi) da patara eris bedi damokidebulia did erTa saqmi­
anobidan da mas SeuZlia mxolod isesxos is, rac did erebs SeumuSave­
biaT, da amitom, am mosazrebiT im mowinaaRmdegeebs, romlebic Cem
mier aRniSnul mosazrebebs moiyvandnen, Cven vetyodiT: Tqven gwamT,
rom saerTaSoriso socialistur saqmes akeTebT, rom Tqveni moqmede­
ba misaRebia da erTad-erTi dadebiTi am duxWir pirobebSi, rom Tqven
gmirebi xarT. ganagrZeT es saqme. Cven ki patara erebs ar SegviZlia
agekidoT Tqven, bumberazebs. dRes aseT rames ver mogvTxovT, amitom
Cveni pasuxi sruliad kategoriulia.
yvela es erTi mxarea sakiTxisa. aris meore mxarec. rac mogaxseneT
moqalaqeno, damf. krebis wevrno, es daTmobiTi xasiaTis iyo im Zalis
mimarT, romelic ama Tu im gegmiT moimarTeba Cvens winaaRmdeg.
magram me minda davtovo es daTmobiTi niadagi da pirdapir dava­
yeno sakiTxi.
im dRidan, rac irkveva, rom saqme gvaqvs ara marto Crdiloe­
Tis ZalasTan, aramed im ZalasTan, romelsac kavSiri Seukravs os­
maleTTan, gansakuTrebiT saqarTvelos TvalsazrisiT, iseTi Zala, ra
Tqma unda, ar aris momaswavebeli arc socialisturi perspeqtivebis,
arc saqarTvelos Tavisuflebis ganmtkicebisa. (xmebi: marTalia! saer­
To taSi).

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 Tu ramodenimed mainc sadavo debulebad migvaCnda is istoriul
tradiciis mier nakurTxi debuleba, rom moskovi mesame romia, Tu
amis Sesaxeb kidev SeiZleboda Teoriuli dava, Cven savsebiT garkveu­
lad migvaCnia, rom kacobriobis axali gza araviTar SemTxvevaSi
ar miimarTeba stamboliT da arzrumiT. (saerTo taSi). CvenTvis es
garkveulia, magram erTi garemoeba kidev irkveva, is, rom Cven saqme
gvaqvs garegnulad socialistur movlenasTan, magram arsebiTad sul
sxva movlenasTan, saxeldobr imasTan, rasac Cven didi xania aqsioma­
tiuri debulebad vTvlidiT da rasac imperializms uwodeben. am Sem­
TxvevaSi osmaleT-bolSevikurs SekavSirebis sakiTxSi Cven saqme gva­
qvs wminda wylis imperializmTan. pirvel SemTxvevaSi garegnuli saxe
socialistur iers aZlevs erT mokavSires, meore SemTxvevaSi osmal­
ur-baSibuzukuri mokavSire Tavis miznebs emsaxureba. orive imperi­
alizmia, orive mcire erebis ZaliT dapyrobaa da maTi dayeneba Zlier
erebis gavlenis qveS. am SemTxvevaSiac aseTive garkveuli unda iyves
Cveni azri. moqalaqeno, damfuZnebeli krebis wevrno! ra Tqma unda,
Cven viciT, rom Cveni mowinaaRmdegis Zala, romelic illuziebiT saz­
rdoobs, susti aris Tu igi Segnebul Zalas waawydeba, rogoric aris
saxelmwifoebriv organizmSi Camosxmuli, damfuZnebeli krebis mqone
da politikurad damoukidebeli saqarTvelo (serTo taSi). da rode­
sac Cvens winaSe sdgas es sakiTxi, Cven viciT, rom es illuziebi, rom­
liTac aqamdis fons gadiodnen CvenSi veraviTar gasavals ver ipov­
nian da politikurad gaTviTcnobierebuli qarTveli eri maT nam­dvil
RirebulebaSi ar Sescdeba (saerTo taSi). Cveulebrivi dapirispireba
imperializmisa da socializmisa, romliTac suldgmulobda aqamde
Cveni mowinaaRmdege, kanonieri Zalebi iyo vidre maTi droSebi fri­
alebdnen ruseTis midamoebSi, xolo rodesac moimarTa maTi gzebi
Cvens winaaRmdeg, da daiwyo procesi mcire erebis erTi gabatonebul
eris CarCoSi moqcevisa, ai aq mTeli Tavisi Sinaarsi da Zala dahkarga
aseTma dapirdapirebam. Tu aqamde ambobden, rom ori Zala ibrZvis: so­
cializmi da imperializmi, axla Cven unda vTqvaT, rom mas Semdeg, rac
kavkasionis uReltexili gadmolaxulia da aq mobinadre xalxi Sey­
vanilia ZaliT Tu moxerxebiT sabWoTa ruseTis gavlenis orbitaSi, mas
Semdeg, rac xorcieldeba is programa, romelic sinamdvileSi patara
erebis damowmebiT daiwera, nacvlad principialur deklaraciebisa,
Cven vambobT, rom am dapirispirebidan Cven miviReT ori juris impe­
rializmi – socialisturi imperializmi da, Tu gnebavT, burJuazi­
uli. aseTia is dalageba principebisa, romelTanac Cven saqme gvaqvs
da Cven am SegnebiT Cveni mdgomareobisa da pasuxismgeblobisa unda
vTqvaT, rom Cven vebrZviT yovelgvar imperializms miuxedavad imisa,
Tu rogor iers atarebs igi. CvenTvis erTnairad miuRebelia rogorc
burJuaziuli imperializmi, ise socialisturi, rogorc ruseTidan
mosuli Zala, e. i. rusuli imperializmi, agreTve osmaluri, rome­lic
damarcxebis Semdeg SemTxveviT sargeblobs da surs gamoiyenos is

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mdgo­mareoba, romelSiac igi Caayena saerTaSoriso brZolam. aseTia
Cveni Sexeduleba am ZiriTad sakiTxebze.
exla erT garemoebas minda mivaqcio yuradReba. Cveni mowinaaR­
mdege ueWvelia, erTs garemoebas iRebs mxedvelobaSi, im garemoe­
bas, rom yvela erSi arsebobs ukmayofilo elementi, iseTi ele­
menti, romelic ibrZvis Tu arsebul saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg ara,
yovel Sem­TxvevaSi misi mTavrobis winaaRmdeg mainc, romelic metad
Tu naklebad garkveulad gamodis opoziciis rolSi. ramdenadac ase­
Ti mdgo­mareoba aqvs gaTvaliswinebuli am Zalas, romelic Cvens wi­
naaRmdeg modian, Cveni opoziciis da Cveni fraqciis saxeliT unda
ganvacxado sajarod, imaT gasagonad, da agreTve imaT gasagonadac,
vinc aq CvenSi, saqarTveloSi aseTi ukmayofilebiT aris moculi, rom
veraviTar SemTxvevaSi es sakiTxi ver Seqmnis iseT mdgomareobas, rom
es sakiTxi gadaiqces Cveni saerTo msjelobis sagnad romelime gareSe
Semosul ZalasTan erTad da maTi daxmarebiT (saerTo taSi). nuravin
ifiqrebs, rom saqar­TveloSi sZinavs politikur azrs, rom ar iyos
saSualeba sxva da sxva azris mqoneT iqonion Tavisufali msjeloba
yovelive politikur sakiTxze. es saSineli Secdoma iqneboda.
saqarTveloSi arsebobs Tavisufali Widili politikuri azrisa,
marTalia arsebobs erTi Zlieri mimdinareoba, magram es imas ar niS­
navs, rom es mimdinareoba ramdenimeT mainc auqmebdes SesaZleblobas
saqar­TveloSi politikur brZolisa da aSkara opoziciis warmoebi­
sa. me, rogorc opoziciis warmomadgeneli, bevr SemTxvevaSi saSine­
li mowinaaRmdege Cveni mTavrobisa, gansakuTrebiT zogierTi uw­
yebisa sajarod vacxadebT, rom ama Tu im sakiTxis gadaWris dros ar
gvWirdeba mivmarToT aramc Tu fizikur da texnikur daxmarebisaT­
vis gareSe Zalebs, aramed Cveni azrebis argumentaciis da sabuTebi­
saTvisac ki (taSi).
Cven gvaqvs sakuTari msoflmxedveloba, Cveni inteligenciis
erTs jgufs Tavisi istoria aqvs da im TaviTve hqonebia garkveuli
Tvalsazrisi da Tu am niadagze mas dasWirdeba mTavrobis politikis
kritikis qarcecxlSi gatareba, es garemoeba veravis ver miscems sa­
Sualebas imedi iqonios, rom Cveni sazRvrebTan moaxlovebis dros
aq Cvens Sinaurs cxovrebaSi aRvivdeba nel-nela es cecxli, romelic
iqneba gzis manaTobeli im Zalis, romelic SemoiWreba saqarTveloSi
am cecxlis saSualebiT. (taSi). sruliadac ara! Cvenis azriT saqarT­
velos dRevandeli istoriuli mdgomareoba sruliad garkveulia.
qarTveli eri, rogorc erTi kaci, yovels garedan mosul Zalas daux­
vdeba miuxedavad politikur rwmenisa. aseTia Cveni mtkice azri, Cve­
ni gadawyvetileba, da am Cven gadawyvetilebas ver Sescvlis verav­
iTari garemoeba. me vfiqrob, rom qarTveli eri yoveli saSualebiT
isargeblebs, Tu ki SesaZlebeli iqneba, samSvidobo gziT gadaWras is
sakiTxi, romelic Cven win dadga, da vfiqrobT, rom Cveni mTavrobac am

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gziT midis, da arc erT SemTxvevaSi ar veWvobT, rom dekmokratiuli
saqarTvelo SesZlebs yovelive gareSe ZalasTan mSvidobiani, patio­
sani da pirdapiri gziT urTierTobis ganmtkicebas.
magram, Tu CvenTvis SesaZlebeli iqneba am gziT saqmis mogvareba,
ra Tqma unda, Cven arc erTi wuTiT ar daveridebiT Tavganwirul da
Tavdadebul brZolas erovnul damoukideblobisaTvis. Cvens cnobi­
erebaSi srulis gamorkveviT isaxeba Cveni mdgomareobis Segneba da
Tavisuflebis dacvis mtkice gadawyvetilebis Seryeva ar SeuZlia
araviTar gareSe Semosul Zalas. Cven zavi gvsurs, magram RmerTis
sam­sxverplodac mzad varT, Cvens cnobierebaSi isaxeba, Tu gnebavT vi­
tyvi simboliurad, Semdegi dasuraTxateba Cveni mdgomareobisa:
saqarTvelos sazRvarze sdgas amayad moziduli Wabuki. igi qar­
Tvel eris kulturul mowifulobis da politikur cnobierebis sim­
boloa. erTs xelSi mas upyria mSvidobianobis rto, meoreSi ki maxvi­
li. orives samSvidobo daniSnuleba aqvs: mSvidobianobis rtos Tavis
Tavad, xolo maxvils – samSoblo teritoriis mosaxazavad (saerTo
taSi). mSvidobianobis rto xels uSlis Wabuks gaarCios saxe Cven saz­
RvarTan moaxloebul Zalisa. mosuls Zalas Tavisufali arCevani aqvs,
xeli gauwodos mSvidobianobis rtos, Tu xmals. da Tu moxdeba, rom
igi ar moisurvebs mSvidobianobis rtos, Cveni brali ar iqneba Tu mis
winaaRmdeg maxvili gaielvebs (mxurvale taSi).
leo Sengelaia. moqalaqeno, damfuZnebeli krebis wevrno!
moskovis komunizmi gaSiSvlda winaaRmdeg Tavisive principebisa
da deklaraciebisa, man ukve gadmolaxa amier-kavkasiis sazRvrebi.
dRes Tu xval is faSebTan da xanebTan erTad uTuod Cvens saz­
Rvrebs moadgeba, raTa iaraRiT xelSi daipyros Tavisufali da da­
moukidebeli saqarTvelo.
am nairad momentis mTavar sakiTxad xdeba gareSe safrTxe, Tav­
dacvis organizacia es aris dRes yvelaze ufro didi da rTuli saqme
da ai Cven vambobT: am saqmeSi ganze gadgoma da xelis SeSla iqneba iqne­
ba eris Ralati! (taSi) am sakiTxSi yoymani da ryeva iqneba istoriuli
danaSauli! (taSi). am sakiTxSi yoymani da ryeva iqneba istoriuli da­
naSauli! (saerTo taSi).
Tavisufali damoukidebeli saqarTvelo da misi damcvelebi – ase­
Tia dRes Cveni droSa, Cveni saxeli. vinc am saqmeSi CvenTan ar aris, is
demokratiis mteria! (saerTo taSi).
aderbeijanma gviRalata. ara, batonebo, man Tavis Tavs uRalata!
(evg. gegeWkori adgilidan: marTalia!)
man daamtkica, rom is aris osmaleTi miniaturaSi. aderbeijanma
TviTon uaryo Tavisi damoukidebloba da amnairad masze savsebiT
gamarTlda Tqmuleba: „ara Sejda mwyeri xesa, ara iyo gvari misi“-o!
(saerTo sicili. marTalia!) aderbeijanis begebma da xanebma aafria­
les wiTeli droSa sabWoTa respublikisa. es aris udidesi sircxvili
da sastiki damarcxeba moskovis komunizmisa.

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 dRes imarjvebs ara lenini, aramed ruseTi. amitom SesaZloa, rom
aderbeijanis magaliTs wabaZos meore Cvenma mezobelma – erevnis res­
publikam. es aucilebeli ar aris. es SesaZlebelia, magram Cven viciT,
ar yofila aderbeijanis saxelmwifo, magram aTasi wlobiT arsebob­
da saqarTvelo, misi saxelmwifo da Cven gvwams, Tu cota unari ga­
moviCineT, is kvlav iarsebebs!
Cveni mTavroba ukve mesame weliwadia, rac gaiZaxis: arc marjvniT,
arc marcxniT, ese igi gaviriyoTo!
am gariyuli da gayinuli gziT siarulma mogvca is, rom Cven yov­
elTvis, roca gareSe safrTxe mogvadgeboda, brZolis velze vrCe­
bodiT martoni Tavisi sakuTari, Sinauri Zalebis amara. ase moxda
baTomis sakiTxSi, ase iyo maSin, rodesac Cvens sazRvrebs denikini
emuqreboda, asea dResac da ai aq bunebrivad ismeba kiTxva rogoria
Cveni Sinauri fronti? mouvareT Tu ara Cven Cvens Sinaur Zalebs?
gvaqvs Tu ara rkinis nebis yofa brZolisa da gamarjvebisa?!
batonebo! mdgomareoba moiTxovs udides msxverpls erisagan,
yoveli moqalaqisagan da es msxverpli unda gaiRos upirveles yovli­
sa mmarTvelma partiam, man unda Sescvalos Zirianad Tavisi politi­
ka. mSromeli xalxi unda darwmundes, rom Cveni respublika aris mS­
romelTa respublika. mSromelma xalxma saqmiT unda dainaxos, rom is
Zala romelic garedan modis, mas ukeTess verafers miscems!
Cven ar gvinda egred wodebuli koalicia mmarTvel partiasTan,
magram erTs rames dauyovnebliv moviTxovT: yvela is ministre­
bi da didi da patara moxeleni, romlebmac TavianTi moRvaweobiT
demokratiis risxva daimsaxures, romlebmac TviT social-demokra­
tiul fraqciaSic dakarges ndoba, dauyovnebliv unda gadadgen! (xmebi
soc.-demokratebidan: vin moviwvioT maT adgilze?) dee maTi adgile­
bi daikavon imaT, vinc Tqvens wreSi yvelaze ufro spetaki, gulwrfe­
li da revoliucionuri aris! amas moiTxovs qveynis mdgomareoba, amas
moiTxovs demokratiis interesebi!
vici metyvian: exla politikis Secvlis da reorganizaciis dro
ar ariso, magram es Semcdari azria. kargi saqmisTvis dro yovelTvis
aris da unda iqnes!..
bevrs hgonia leninma denikini yumbarebiT daamarcxa. es ase ar aris.
figuralurad rom vsTqvaT, leninma daamarcxa denikini proklam­
aciebiT da rom CvenSiac ase ar moxdes, saWiroa, rom komunistebis
proklamaciebs daupirdapiron ara sagangebo razmebi, aramed namdvi­
li xalxuri, revoliucionuri saqme. mxolod amiT gavimarjvebT.
Cven ar gviyvars menSevikebi, magram Cven gviyvars Tavisufali,
damoukidebeli saqarTvelo da amitom Cven vambobT: CvenTvis sul
erTia vin wamova winaaRmdeg – iqnebian isini ruseTis komunistebi,
ruseTis eserebi Tu ruseTis menSevikebi. yvelas, vinc Cvens winaaRm­
deg iaraRiT wamova, iaraRiTve unda upasuxoT. es aris Cveni mova­
leoba! (saerTo taSi).

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 Cven ar gvinda omi aravisTan, miT ufro ruseTTan. Cven gvinda yve­
la mezoblebTan megobruli, keTili ganwyobileba, magram erT rames
yvelgan da yovelTvis moviTxovT: Cveni damoukidebloba unda iqnes
xeluxlebeli, Tavisufleba uzrunvelyofili!
es omi, romelic SeiZleba Cvensa da ruseTs Soris datrialdes, ar
iqneba Cveulebrivi omi. Cveulebrivi omis mizani aris mtris dasuste­
ba, ama Tu im teritoriis Camogleja da sxva. sul sxva aris es omi. misi
erTad-erTi mizani iqneba: Cveni saxelmwifoebrivi sikvdili!
da vinc grZnobs pasuxismgeblobas, vinc suliT dacemuli ar aris
– is Tavis nebiT da ubrZolvelad am sikvdils ar moisurvebs! (saerTo
taSi).
dRes obivateli ase msjelobs. bumberazi ruseTi modis. man
ga­anadgura kolCakis da denikinis reaqcia, daafrTxo antanta,
daipyro ukraina, doni, yubani, daRestani, aderbeijani – Cven ras
gavxdebiTo, magram vinc ase msjelobs aviwydeba CvensaviT patara
estoneTi, CvensaviT patara litvia. sovnarkomi arc maT swyalob­
da, maTac ebrZoda, magram bolos da bolos maT winaSe qedi moixara.
aseve iqneba Cven­Sic, Tu mTavrobam Sescvala Tavisi politika, Tu
gamoviCineT saWiro unari.
komunistebi albaT fiqroben, rom CvenSi SigniT moxdeba afeTqeba,
rom Cveni cixe Signidan gatydeba, magram me mgonia Tu mTavrobam aiRo
swori gezi, maSin SesaZlebelia es afeTqeba ufro adre sxvagan moxdes.
ruseTSi ar gamqralan opozicionuri socialisturi partiebi. iq
arian socialist-revoliucionerebi, iq arian social-demokratebi,
arian zogierTi patiosani komunistebic da Cven vfiqrobT rogorc ki
komunisturi ruseTi Cven oms gamogvicxadebs, yvela eseni da maTTan
mTeli evropis socialisturi demokratia CvenTan iqneba da CvenTan
erTad gailaSqreben komunistebis winaaRmdeg. es aris Cveni gamarjve­
bis udidesi garantia.
gulaxdilad unda mogaxsenoT, damfuZnebel krebaSi rom isxden
komunistebi Cven maTTan sadao bevri araferi gveqneboda, magram
rodesac isini Cvens respublikas garedan esxmian, rodesac maT surT
daipyron Tavisufali da demokratiuli Cveni samSoblo – Cven vam­
bobT: es ar aris komunizmi, es ar aris revoliucia, aramed es aris
wminda wylis velikorusuli imperializmi da am imperializmis wi­
naaRmdeg brZola aris movaleoba yoveli socialistisa da yoveli
revoliucionerisa! (taSi).
amnairad, batonebo! Cvens damoukideblobas emuqreba axali da
SeiZleba ukanaskneli safrTxe. Cven dagvWirdeba axali brZola Cveni
damoukideblobisaTvis, mis ganmtkicebisaTvis, magram Cven gvwams, rac
ufro mets vibrZolebT am damoukideblobisaTvis, miT ufro Zvirfasi
iqneba igi CvenTvis!
da Tu am brZolaSi Cven davixocebiT, Cveni ukanaskneli Zaxili
iqneba: Zirs iperializmi! Zirs dampyrobeli nacionalizmi!

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 gaumarjos Tavisufalsa da damoukidebel saqarTvelos! (saer­
To taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis damfuZnebeli krebis wevrs b. qiqoZes.
g. qiqoZe. batonebo! yvelaze saSiSi jari revoliuciuri jaria.
imitom rom revoliuciuri jari imarjvebs ara ricxviTa da xiStebiT,
aramed ideebiTac. es daamtkica safrangeTis revoliuciis istoriam,
es daamtkica ruseTis revoliuciis istoriamac. 25 milionianma sa­
frangeTma meTvramete saukunis dasasruls daamarcxa mTeli maSinde­
li absolutisturi evropa. ruseTis bolSevikurma jarma, romelic
garemoculi iyo kbiliani mavTulis RobiT, gaarRvia es Robe da daa­
marcxa ara marto kolCaki, iudeniCi da denikini, aramed maTi damxmare
didi da patara saxelmwifonic.
magram, batonebo, revoliuciuri jari saSiSi aris mxolod rea­
qciur, an konservatorul ZalisTvis. ruseTis wiTeli armia saSiSi
iyo mefis generlebisa da rogorc aRmoCnda agreTve burJuaziul-­
feodalur aderbeijanisaTvis; mitom, rom aderbeijanSi dRemde
revoliucia ar momxdara. dRes wiTeli armiis moaxlovebam aderbei­
janSi gamoiwvia detonizacia. mosalodnelia Tu ara aseTi deton­
izacia moxdes saqarTveloSi? Cemis azriT ara. imitom, rom saqar­
TveloSi revoliucia sami wlis winad moxda. Cveni qveyana, ase vTqvaT,
TviT revoliuciur potencias warmoadgens. SeuZlebelia warmovid­
ginoT, rom bolSevikebi Semovlen aq da Semoitanen axal ideebs, iseT
ideebs, romelic CvenTvis ucnobi iqneba. ris motana SeuZlia bol­
Sevikebs? socializmis ideisa? socializmis idea CvenTvis axali ar
aris. TviT bolSevikebi amboben – leninis sityvis amonaweri, albaT,
wakiTxuli gaqvT – rom socializmis ganxorcieleba jerjerobiT
unda gadaidvas: madloba unda SevswiroT RmerTs Tu Cveni Svilebi
moeswrebian socialuri wes-wyobilebis damyarebaso. me mgonia Cvenc
ase vazrovnebT. Cveni saxelmwifo wes-wyobileba ar aris socialistu­
ri, magram igi ar aris arc burJuaziuli. Cven mivdivarT axal, ucnob
kulturisken, romlis gamosaxatavad dRes SeiZleba Sesaferi ter­
minebi arc ki gvqondes.
aris meore idea, romelsac eyrdnoba bolSevizmi. es aris idea
proletariatis diqtaturisa. arc esaa specifikuri bolSevikuri
idea. mogexsenebaT, pirvelad proletariatis diqtatura ganaxor­
ciela parizis komunam, marqsma es cda zneobrivad gaamarTla Tavis
istoriul werilebSi. diqtaturis idea memarcxene socialistebis
azrovnebaSi Sevida da me mgonia, rom arc dRevandeli mTavroba da
arc mmarTveli partia ar aris winaaRmdegi am ideisa, ramdenadac es
social-demokratiul presidan vici. aris kidev erTi idea – revoli­
ucionur sabWoTa idea. arc es aris specifiurad bolSevikuri idea.
pirvelad revoliucionuri sabWo petrogradSi 1905 wels xalxis
uSualo Semoqmedebam warmoSva. maSin mas upartio politikosebi da
menSevikebi meTaurobdnen. saqarTveloSi revoliuciuri sabWoebi ar­

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avis gauuqmebia da me mgonia rom maTi dakiTxva saWiroa yovel mniS­
vnelovans politikur momentSi.
meore mxriT parlamentarizmis idea ar aris specifikuri Cve­
ni idea. ar mgonia, rom saqarTveloSi bevri iyos parlamentaruli
kretinizmiT gamsWvaluli xalxi. me warmodgenili maqvs iseTi mdgo­
mareoba, rom winmsvlelobisTvis droebiT, an xangrZlivad parlamen­
tarizmis ideas gamoveTxovoT. maS raSia ZiriTadi gansxvaveba Cvensa
da bolSevikebs Soris? ZiriTadi gansxvaveba aris im gzaSi, im taqti­
kaSi, romliTac Tanamedrove ruseTisa da saqarTvelos xelmZRvaneli
politikosebi TavianT miznebs aRweven, im ideiebis gansaxorcieleb­
lad, romelic me CamovTvale, ruseTi samoqalaqo omis warmoebas saW­
iroebs. Cven imave miznebs samoqalaqo mSvidobianobis gziT vaRwevT.
es ar niSnavs imas, rom Cven TiTqo geniosi politikosebi viyoT, xolo
isini ukuRmarTi. es mxolod imas niSnavs rom ruseTis da saqarTvelos
socialuri Senoba gansxvavdeba. iq iyo SedarebiT Zlieri burJuazia
da Zlieri agraruli aristokratia. am burJuazias da aristokratias
aRmouCnda ucxoeli mokavSire, romelmac mas materialuri da zne­
obrivi daxmareba aRmouCina, CvenSi es ar aris. CvenSi arc burJuazia
aris, romelsac socialistur mTavrobisaTvis raime organizaciuli
winaaRmdegobis gaweva SeeZlos.
maSasadame, CvenSi ar aris niadagi samoqalaqo omisaTvis. (veSape­
li: rodesac Tqven erovnul-demokrati brZandebodiT, maSin xom iyo?)
arc maSin iyo, Tqven albaT gexsomebaT b. veSapeli, Cveni brZola
am sakiTxis garSemo erovnul-demokratiul partiaSi. me winaTac da
maSinac vicavdi ara burJuaziul, aramed sinTetiur erovnul poli­
tikas.
aqedan cxadia, rom Tu Cvens miznebsa da interesebs naTlad gaviT­
valiswinebT, bolSevikuri safrTxe ar mogvelis, rogorc sagareo sa­
frTxe (gvazava: maSasadame safrTxe ar aris?).
rogor ara; iseTi elementebisaTvis, rogoric iyvnen denikinis an
kolCakis jarSi, magram saqarTvelosTvis, rogorc saxelmwifosTvis
es safrTxe ar arsebobs.
aris kidev erTi sakiTxi, sakiTxi orientaciisa. Cven dRemdis
neitralitetis politikas vawarmoebdiT. dRes aq b. Cxenkelma sTq­
va: aris ori mopirdapire Zala, erTis mxriT kulturosani evropa da
meore mxriT aziuri saxelmwifoebi. Cvenis azriT, aseTi dapirispire­
ba ar aris swori. azia dRes SeiZleba marTlac CamorCenili iyos, ma­
gram es imas ar niSnavs, rom is mudam barbarosuli darCeba. mecamete
saukunemde wina azia iyo mimcemi mxare, rogorc nivTier ise ideur
kulturis sferoSi, xolo evropa mimRebi. me darwmunebuli var, rom
Cveni mezoblebi kulturulad xelaxla aRorZindebian. da ramde­
nadac bolSevikebi awarmoeben brZolas evropis eqsploatator-ka­
pitalis winaaaRmdeg aziis gansaTavisufleblad, maTi interesebi
eTanxmeba Cvens interesebs. me mgonia amiT aixsneba bolSevikebisadmi

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simpatia adgilobriv: maT Cagrul klasis idea Cagrul erebis da Ca­
grul rasebis ideas daukavSires (i. maWavariani: maS SemouSvaT?) dRes
tribunidan ganacxades, rom molaparakeba kidec swarmoebs moskovis
mTavrobasTan. es gza, romelsac Cveni mTavroba dasdgomia, unda gagr­
Zeldes, unda mivaRwioT ara marto morigebas, (asaTiani: moviwvioT?)
aramed im qarTuli teritoriis dabrunebas, romelic uWiravs ara
bolSevikebs da ara romelime aziur saxelmwifos, aramed evropis
Zalas, erTnairs SeTanxmebasac mivaRwioT. amiT Cvens qveyanas gadavar­
CenT namdvil gareSe safrTxisa da Sinaur garTulebisagan.
spiridon kedia (n.-d.) damfuZnebeli krebis wevrno! es mesame dRea,
rac Seiqmna sruliad axali ganwyobileba amier-kavkasiaSi. aqamde
pirispir brZolaSi ruseTTan amier-kavkasiis respublikebi erTad
videqiT da gvqonda rwmena, rom, rodesac mteri Cvens winaaRmdeg
gamoilaSqrebda, ai es SeerTebuli amier-kavkasia daxvdeba da See­
brZoleba mas.
mesame dRea gamoirkva, rom es kavSiri dairRva, erTi wevri gand­
ga da rogorc gamoirkva sruliad ubrZolvelad, Tavisuflad, Tavis
nebiT Semoiyvana igi baqoSi.
Cven ar viciT ras apirebs meore respublika – somxeTi. Cven Tu
gaviTvaliswinebT im zraxvebs, romelsac misdevda somxeTi aqamde Ta­
vis cxovrebaSi, – saimedos, sanugeSos verafers gamovitanT. CvenTvis
cxadi iqneba, rom somxeTi am saqmeSi bolSevikebis winaaRmdeg brZo­
laSi da Tavis gamtkicebaSi, SesaZloa ise ganze gadges, rogorc ad­
erbeijani.
am gvarad amier-kavkasionis qeds aqeT darCa erTi qveyana, es Cve­
ni samSobloa. vinc icnobs amier-kavkasiis sinamdviles, man icis, rom
am qeds aqeT arc erTi qveyana ar yofila daniSnuli istoriulad da
tradiciulad arsebobisaTvis, arc iyo arc erTi, garda saqarTvel­
oisa. es aris faqti, romlis winaSe yvelani qeds ixrian, romelic
ajerebs yvelas CvenSi mosuls ucxoels, Cvens sinamdvileSi Caxeduls
da swored am dros saqarTvelom unda gasces pasuxi imas, vinc Cvens
winaaRmdeg moiwevs da ilaSqrebs. TiTqos gamodis, rom aderbeijan­
ma, ukeT rom vTqvaT sabWoTa ruseTma, gverdi auxvia saqarTvelos da
aderbeijanze gaiseirna. cnoba aris imisa, rom sabWoTa jars azri
aqvs Tavisi Zalebi samxreTiT mimarTos da anatoliis jars SeuerT­
des. TiTqos sabWoTa ruseTs ar unda saqarTveloze gamolaSqreba da
agredve cnoba aris, rom am mxrivac gvarwmunebs sabWoTa ruseTi. am
mdgomareobaSi varT dRes.
maS ra nairi pasuxi unda gavceT yvela amas, ranairi unda iyos
Sinagani rwmena, saiT unda wavideT, ra unda gavakeToT, sad aris Cve­
ni namdvili megobari? amas unda gamorkveva, rom rac SeiZleba swori
iyos is gezi, romelsac daadgeba saqarTvelo da misi eri. erTi ram
aSkaraa da vinc gamovida dRes aq, aRiarebda – bolSevikuri ruseTi
aris Zveli imperialisturi Zala da igi scdilobs aRadginos ruseTi

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Zvels sazRvrebSi. amier-kavkasiis bolSevikebis saolqo komitetma
kidec gamosca mowodeba denikinis jarisadmi, sadac igi irwmuneba,
rom bolSevizmi afarToebs ruseTs da aRadgens mis mijnebs da swored
CvenSi Semosuli bolSevizmi am mxriv gvebrZvis Cven.
ra moaqvs mas da ra ZaliT modis aq? yofila rodisme imis magaliTi,
rom saqarTvelos gadaelaxos Tavisi sazRvrebi, Sesuliyos sxva qvey­
anaSi, Tundac ruseTSi am ori wlis ganmavlobaSi. aseTi magaliTi ar
yofila. yofila rodisme SemTxveva, rom saqarTvelos jari galaSqre­
buliyos sxva mimarTulebiT, an cdiliyos sxvisi teritoriis Semo­
erTebas? ara! Cvens ers da saqarTvelos mTavrobas amgvari programa
ara hqonia da arc rodisme eqneba. Cven vicavdiT Cvens damoukideblo­
bas Cvens sazRvrebSi, Cveni sazRvrebis iqiT aRar mivdiodiT. am SemTx­
vevaSi bolSevizmi moiwevs Cvens winaaRmdeg da Cvens sazRvrebs ejaxeba.
cxadia is gamodis rogorc Tavdamsxmeli da Cven unda davicvaT Cveni
Tavi. ra moaqvs bolSevizms, rodesac is aseTi rixiT ilaSqrebs Cvens
winaaRmdeg. iqneba mas moaqvs didi kultura, romliTac surs saqarTve­
los gabedniereba? magram vin ar icis, rom kulturiT da tradiciebis
siZlieriT verc sabWoTa ruseTi da verc sazogadod ruseTi saqarTve­
los ver Seedreba. Tavi rom davaneboT im Zvel kulturas, romelsac
dRes mecniereba arkvevs da romelic saqarTvelos Seuqmnia qristes
dabadebamde, vityviT, rom qristianobis kultura, is maRali morali,
is simtkice, romelsac igi qadagebda, saqarTvelom gacilebiT ufro
adre SeiTvisa, vidre ruseTma. maSin ruseTi dadioda Tavis tyeebSi ve­
lurad, rogorc daSorebuli am diad sakacobrio kulturas.
iqneba dRevandel momentSi moaqvs mas iseTi maRali ram, rac nebas
aZlevs Cvens winaaRmdeg xmali aRimaRlos? Tu kulturad ar CaiTvle­
ba ganadgureba yoveli cocxali Zalisa, daSla ekonomiuri cxovrebi­
sa, Tu kulturad ar CaiTvleba sisxlis Rvris ideologia da moZRvre­
ba, romelsac bolSevikuri ruseTi axorcielebs, maSin bolSevizms
saqarTveloSi garda velurobisa araferi Semoaqvs. magram Tu kul­
tura aris demokratizmi, moqalaqeobrioba, parlamentarizmi, Cven es
kultura gvaqvs da igi saqarTvelom daicva am ori wlis ganmavloba­
Si. maSasadame, am mxriTac, kulturis mxriT araferi moaqvs garda ga­
nadgurebisa. Cven davinaxeT, rom ruseTs arc ufleba, arc kultura
aqvs imisTvis, rom Cvens winaaRmdeg gamoilaSqros. iqneba raime Zala
aqvs? me minda Tqveni yuradReba imas mivaqcio.
Cven danamdvilebiT viciT, rom bolSevizmi ganicdis sastik da­
marcxebas yvelgan, sadac pirdapir Seejaxeba darazmul, erovnul
erTeulebs. rodesac bolSevizmi midioda cimbiris xaziT da mowi­
naaRmdege Zala gaanadgura, es sabWoTa ruseTi damarcxda saSinlad
baltiis mxareSi, damarcxda fineTSi, polonelebTan SejaxebaSi.
ukraina dRes Tavis cocxal Zalebs agrovebs da SeerTebulad yvela
partiis gareSe upireben ukanidan maxvilis Cacemas. yovelgan, sadac
bolSevizmi axal erebs swvda xmliT, yovelgan saflavi ipova da iciT

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ratom? imitom, rom maTi erovnuli damoukideblobis dacvis instiq­
ti, es iseTi uzenaesi simtkicea, romelsac bolSevizmi Tavis dReSi
ver daamarcxebs. da Cven vfiqrobT, rom bolSevizmi, romelic aqeT
moiwevs uTuod saflavs ipovis Tu saqarTvelos iman xmali mouRera.
(saerTo taSi). ai am SemTxvevaSi ranairi damokidebuleba unda iyos
saqarTvelosi antantasTan? Tqven kargad iciT, rom antantis wevre­
bi dainteresebulni arian ruseTis problemiT. maT gaiares mravali
faza am problemis gadawyvetaSi da ver vityviT, romelia ukeTesi,
pirveli Tu ukanaskneli, romelic miiRo antantam.
me mgonia am faqtebis ZaliT antantis saukeTeso damcvelad gamo­
dian is patara erebi, romlebic ruseTis teritoriaze aRmocendnen.
igive poloneTi, estonia, litva, latvia, ukraina da sxva erebi ro­
gorc sartyeli Semoertyen gars bolSevikebs da ar uSvebdnen evro­
pis saxelmwifoebisaken. am mxriT Tu SevxedavT sakiTxs, saqarTvelo
TamaSobs im rols socialistur moZRvrebis winaaRmdeg, rogorc
iTamaSa poloneTma, latviam, litvam, ukrainam, finlandiam da sxveb­
ma. unda mogaxsenoT, rom es Cveni mdgomareoba ver iqmna saTanadod
Sefasebuli antantis mier. Cven viciT, rom am saxelmwifoebma icnes
saqarTvelos damoukidebloba „de facto“, magram aseTi cnoba sakmao
ar aris. dRes lenini miemarTeba mcire aziaSi da fiqrobs, rom mo­
sulSi fexi moidgas da aqedan, rogorc man ganacxada, muSti aCvenos
londons, da SeiZleba marTlac daemuqros londons Tu es gegma gan­
xorcielda. dasavleT evropis saxelmwifoni valdebulni arian nam­
dvili, realuri daxmareba aRmouCinon im ers, romelic marto darCa
amier-kavkasiaSi da romelic ibrZvis bolSevikebis winaaRmdeg. (xma:
marTalia!). imitom rom aq, saqarTveloSi wageba saqmisa aris bolSe­
vikebis gamarjveba mcire-aziaSi da mTel samahmadiano qveynebSi (xma:
marTalia!). yvelam icis, rom im qveynebSi, sadac Segneba ar aris, Tu
moedo ali bolSevizmisa, maSin diaxac rom taxti londonisa da ev­
ropis did saxelmwifoebisa Seiryeva.
aris momenti, rodesac patara odenobas, patara erebs didi
roli SeuZlianT iTamaSon da ixsnan mTeli kacobrioba. am SemTxveva­
Si saqarTvelos am odenobis roli SeuZlian iTamaSos da am odenobas
unda movla, sxvaniri mopyroba, yuradReba da aseTnairi yuradReba
da frTxili mopyroba saqarTvelos antantis mxriv ar hqonia. jer
kidev droa gasworebis, jer kidev ver Semosulan bolSevikebi saqa­
rTveloSi da Tu es daxmareba droze viSoveT, bolSevikebis saflavi
swored aq gaiTxreba.
exla, ranairi unda iyos Cveni mowyoba SigniT? es meore momenti
aris, romlis wesier gadaWraze damokidebuli aris bevri ram. yvela­
saTvis aSkaraa is politikuri gansxvaveba, romelic partiaTa Soris
arsebobs. exla, ranairad unda imoqmedon am partiebma, rogor unda
aamoZraon xalxi. TviTeulma Tavis moZRvrebiT unda gaistumros
brZolis velze, Tu yvelam saerTo ena gamonaxos? Tu saerTo eniT

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gavistumreT xalxi brZolis velze, maSin gamarjvebuli gamovalT.
Tu ara, maSin iqac, brZolis velzec iqneba es ideuri daSla, gaTiS­
va; amitom SeuZlebelia partiuli saxelebis mixedviT gavistumroT
meomarni. miucilebelia rom partiebi avmaRldeT am partiul moZ­
Rvrebis zeviT. miucilebelia SeerTeba im diad SemaerTebel Zalis
garSemo, romelsac samSoblos dacvis idea ewodeba! da rodesac Se­
vaerTebT mTel qarTvel ers am samSoblos dacvis niadagze, maSin ve­
raviTari Zala ver dagvSlis, ver Seqmnis ganxeTqilebas. maSasadame,
Cveni moqmedeba unda iyos swored am gziT. am mxriv, unda vTqvaT, rom
warsul TveebSi, romlebic Cvenda sabednierod, Cveni gamarjvebiT
damTavrda, aseTnairi ideuri gaerTianeba ar iyo. da dRes, es didi
safrTxe, romelic aRmarTula Cvens win, SeiZleba Zleul iqmnas samS­
oblos mTlianobis ideis SegnebiT.
rogori unda iyos meores mxriT damfuZnebel krebis da mTavro­
bis moqmedeba? warsulidan Cven erTi viciT, viciT rom mTavrobas ak­
lda is energia, rom Tavis uzenaesoba, namdvili aRmasrulebloba da
brZanebloba qveynisa ganemtkicebina. dRes ki saWiro aris, rom mTav­
robam es uzenaesoba gamgeblobisa xelSi magrad daiWiros da arc erT
organos ar misces saSualeba, rom spotanurad Tu ara spotanurad,
imdeni moraluri ufleba da gavlena hqondes, rom man gabedos gezis
da gzis Cveneba da mTavrobis nebis-yofis gabaTileba. (taSi er.-dem.
skamebze). Cven vambobT, rom damfuZnebeli kreba, romelic uzenaesi
organoa Cveni qveynisa, avides Tavis daniSnulebis simaRleze. aravi­
Tari sxva organizacia, romelic saqarTveloSi aris, ar aris ufle­
ba-mosili ilaparakos an Cveni eris, an Cveni mTavrobis eniT. Cven varT
erTad-erTi gamomxatveli eris nebisa da maSasadame yoveli sakiTxi,
romelic saqarTvelos Seexeba, aq unda daibados da aqve unda gad­
awydes, da amas unda daemorCilos yoveli organizacia saqarTveloSi.
ai, aseTnairi moqmedeba, Segneba uzenaesobisa damfuZnebel krebisa,
mTavrobisa aucilebelia samSoblos gamgeblobis saqmeSi. am ori mo­
mentis SeduRebiT marTlac movaxdenT mTel koncentracias energiisa
da mobilizaciisas Cveni Zalebisa, Tu Cven es SevqmeniT, radganac Cven
mxareze aris ufleba, maSin gamarjveba Cveni ueWveli aris.
daskvnisaTvis, batonebo, Semdegs mogaxsenebT: aq mTavrobis Tav­
mjdomarem Tavisi sityva daamTavra Cveni ukvdavi didebis, SoTa
rusTavelis sityviT. me minda rom is axali moqmedeba, romelSiac
gadavdivarT, damTavrdes im Zlierebis sigrZe-siganiT, romelic
SoTas dros pasuxismgebelma mmarTvelebma Seqmnes qarTveli eri­
saTvis. me minda, rom saqarTvelom dRes hpovos ganxorcieleba Tvis
yovel kanonier uflebisa bunebriv sazRvrebSi. es aris saqarTve­
los teritoriis SemoerTeba da es siZliere teritoriis ganzid­
ulobisa unda damTavrdes im momentamde, roca qarTveli eri dRes
Semosul mtris winaaRmdeg gailaSqrebs. ai es saidumloeba, romlis
kari Cven exla SevaReT, mogvaniWebs gamarjvebas Tu viqnebiT amnai­

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rad SeerTebulni. me mgonia, rom yvela dameTanxmeba imaSi, rom yvela
qarTveli, romelsac ki SeuZlian iaraRis tareba, arCevs gangmiru­
li egdos brZolis velze da yoveli qarTveli mSobeli Tvis SvilTa
gmirul TavdadebaSi poulobdes Tavis gulis manugeSebel Zalas.
Cven varCevT sikvdils, vidre davinaxavT mters saqarTveloSi, mis
gverdiT arxeinad myof qarTvel meomrebs da mSoblebs gulCvilebs.
me mgonia, rom qarTveli eri amaSi iqneba erTsulovani da vTqvaT yve­
lam rwmeniT: gaumarjos Cven ers da Cven uflebebs (taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis damfuZnebeli krebis wevrs b-n ve­
Sapels.
gr. veSapeli (nacionalisti). damfuZnebeli krebis wevrno! saqar­
Tvelo dRes aris iseT mdgomareobaSi, rogorSiac bevrjer yofila
Zveli istoriis dros.
Cven iseT alagas varT, rom yovelTvis axali didi Zala, romelic
daibadeba aziaSi, an evropaSi da moindomebs gavrcelebas mTeli qvey­
nis farglebSi, usaTuod gaivlis xolme am Cven teritoriaze, an mis ax­
los. ase yofila bevrjer. da zogierT am xalxebis Cvens teritoriaze
gavlis da Setakebebis Sesaxeb Cvens istoriaSi moipoveba iseTi fur­
clebi, rom Tu SevcvliT adamianebis da politikur Zalebis saxelebs,
TiTqmis udris im mdgomareobas, romelSiac dRes aris saqarTvelo,
rodesac aziaSi sdgas gamarjvebuli, Zlieri evropa, antanta da gan­
sakuTrebiT inglisi da meore mxriT ruseTi, romelic emuqreba mas da
cdilobs aujanyos mis xelqveiT mdgomi saxelmwifoni da erebi.
Cvens istoriaSi aris erTi momenti, rodesac mTels dasavleT
saqarTvelos da kidev ufro mets lazika erqva. maSin Zvel imperias
– saberZneTs, romelTanac Cven gvqonda damokidebuleba mudmivi moka­
vSireobisa, deemuqra sparseTi da gadmovida Cvens teritoriaze.
istoriaSi amis Sesaxeb samagaliTo furclebi aris. maSindeli dam­
fuZnebeli kreba, maSindeli parlamenti, xalxis warmomadgenelni ms­
jelobdnen, Tu vis unda mimxrobodnen lazebi, Zvels patrons aziisas,
Tu axlad dabadebul Zalas – sparseTs. ar gavagrZeleb analogias am
momentis Sesaxeb. mxolod vsTqvi, rom Cven teritorias, miwa-wyals,
Cven winaprebs es pirveli ar aris rac uxdebodaT angariSis gaweva
imisaTvis, rom Cveni teritoriis sazRvrebze ori TiTqmis Tanaswori
Zala xvdeboda erTi-meores da cdilobda Cven CaTrevas, rogorc moka­
vSiris, an rogorc mebrZolis Tavis sasargeblod. rasakvirvelia,
winandel saqarTvelos Tavi ver dauRwevia da ver Seunaxavs mudmivi
neitraliteti, romlis Sesaxeb gviweria konstituciaSi. saerTod ab­
soliuturi neitraliteti aravis axsovs qveynad.
Cveni eri Tavs ixsnida imiT, rom SeiaraRebuli idga Tavis saz­
Rvrebze da cdilobda SigniT gamagrebuli saxelmwifoebrivi orga­
nizaciiT aeZulebina yoveli gareSe Zala pativiscemiT mopyroboda
saqarTvelos uzenaes uflebebs. am politikiT saqarTvelo ara erTx­
el gamosula gamarjvebuli. yovel SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba iTqvas, rom

292
ara erTi imperia mosula brZoliT Cvens teritoriaze, magram saqa­
rTvelo ar mospobila da arc Tavisi ricxviT, arc Tavisi xarisxiT,
arc teritoriiT ar warmoadgens imaze naklebs, rogoric iyo nacnobi
kulturiT, saxelmwifo organizaciiT mTeli evropisa da aziisaTvis.
me, rogorc nacionalisti, albad ver SevsZleb ganvsajo dRevan­
deli saerTaSoriso mdgomareoba. ubralod vityvi, rom Cvens garSe­
mo aris Semdegi mdgomareoba: damarcxebuli ruseTi yovel Rones
xmarobs, rom rac SeiZleba naklebi wagebiT gamovides Tanamedrove
omidan da ise gaaTavos is omi, romelic daiwyo Zvelma mTavrobam. ra­
sakvirvelia, radganac mas saqme aqvs am SemTxvevaSi antantasTan da
gansakuTrebiT inglisTan, ubralo angariSi moiTxovs ruseTisagan
gamoiyenos yvela Zalebi, romelnic aseT mdgomareobaSi arian.
aseTia osmaleTi, igi cdilobs, rac SeiZleba naklebi wagebiT ga­
movides am omidan. maTi interesi iyo, sanam ar aris piroba Sekruli ev­
ropasTan da antantasTan, an momaval brZolisaTvis, an imisaTvis, rom
dRes SeaSinon evropa, rom SeerTebuli yofiliyvnen da SeerTebulad
daemuqrebodnen evropas. amisTvis SeerTden aderbeijanis respublika
da ruseTi. aq aris istoriuli movlena, rom damarcxebuli bolSevi­
kuri ruseTi da nacionalisturi osmaleTi SeerTden. sanam saerTo
saqme aqvT (es aris zavis saqme) – aq rasakvirvelia socialistur prin­
cipebs araviTari alagi ara aqvT. maT undaT meti ZaliT daudgnen win
gamarjvebulebs (evropas), romlebic Zalian cud pirobebs uyeneben
rusebs da osmalebs. es SeerTeba rus-osmalosi Zalian iSviaTia, imi­
tom, rom ruseTi da osmaleTi bunebrivad arian istoriuli mtrebi,
iyvnen winad da iqnebian momavalSic, aseTi droebiTi SeerTeba emuqre­
ba upirveles yovlisa gamarjvebul evropas da yvelaze ufro am saqmis
meTaurs – ingliss. am mxriv unda iTqvas, rom saqarTvelosTvis da qa­
rTveli erisTvis gaurkveveli aris inglisis politika. TavisTavad
cxadia, rom Tu inglisi ar mourigdeba ruseTs, an osmaleTs erTad
an cal-calke, ruseT-osmaleTi ganagrZobs bolSevizmis formiT am
saqmis gakeTebas, romelic hqvian inglisis aziidan gandevna. es ambavi
sasikvdilo aris inglisis imperialistebisaTvis. gaugebaria, rom in­
glisi ar iCens iniciativas, Taosnobas imaSi, rom rac SeiZleba ufro
garkveuli poziciebi hqondes, Sors iyos brZola misi sazRvrebidan,
mis saproteqtoratodan (qiqoZe: aswavleT kerzons!) Tu ki Tqven as­
wavliT, mec SemiZlian vaswavlo. bolos gaigebT vis Wkuis saswavlad
vambob. Cven viciT, rom rus-osmalos kavSiri aris inglisis winaaRmdeg
mimarTuli. Cven viciT, rom igi emuqreba ingliss indoeTis da sparse­
Tis dakargviT. gaugebari aris inglisis politika qarTvelebisaTvis.
Cven viciT, rom kavkasionis qedi aris pirveli bunebrivi safari in­
glisis samflobelosi da is saxelmwifoebi, romelnic iyvnen da ari­
an dRes, maT Soris saqarTvelo, aris pirveli saukeTeso saSualeba,
rom aq SeCerebul iqnes bolSevikuri winsvla da ingliss brZola ar
moxdomoda ruseTisa da osmaleTis kavSirTan indoeTsa da sparseTSi.

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TiTqos ubralo angariSi moiTxovda am SemTxvevaSi ingliss gamoeCina
meti iniciativa, rogorc zRvaze, ise xmeleTze. im dros xdeboda sul
ukuRma movlena, rodesac saWiro iyo, rom mTeli qarTveli xalxi wi­
naaRdgomoda bolSevikebis gegmebs. im dros inglisi Cven gvedaveboda
Cvensave baToms ise, rom omiT gvemuqreboda. garda baTomisa amisTa­
na gaugebari nabijebi ingliss bevri Caudenia, rac Cvens xalxs kargad
axsovs. gansakuTrebiT imitom, rom adarebs inglisis qcevas meore ev­
ropis saxelmwifos germaniis qcevas, roca ukanasknel aq iyo. axla yov­
el SemTxvevaSi orSi erTi aris da Cven es unda vicodeT, an SeiZleba
ingliss aqvs zavis pirobebi momzadebuli ruseTTan, iqneba Cvens an­
gariSze iyo rame, an zavi ar iyos da inglisi maSin valdebuli iqneba
Tavis interesebis dasacavad male sTqvas Tavisi sityva. me vambob ara
misi interesebis Sesaxeb CvenSi, aramed misi sakuTari axal SeZenili
sparseTisa da Zveli indoeTis Sesaxeb. am mxriv kavkasionis bedi, kavka­
siis teritoriaze ruseTis mosvlisa da wasvlis saqme aris dakavSire­
buli mWidrod inglisis imperiiis bedTan. am SemTxvevaSi es erTgvari
nugeSi aris Cveni saerTaSoriso mdgomareobisa. me amiT ar minda vTqva,
rom saqarTvelo Tan gadayveba inglisis imperias, Tu imas aRsasrulis
dRe daudga. me minda is vTqva mxolod rom, sanam ar aris gadawyveti­
li, Tu rogor apirebs inglisi am safrTxis likvidacias, sanam ar
aris gamorkveuli riT apirebs am saqmis likvidacias zaviT, omiT Tu
gaqceviT, manam Cven bevri dro gvaqvs, rom damzadebulni viyvneT uare­
si droisTvis, rogorc erovnuli samxedro Zala yvela sazRvrebze. me
mets vityvi, radgan ruseT-osmaleTis saqme aris gadawnuli inglisis
imperiis saqmesTan aziaSi SeiZleba mxolod da mxolod ori perspeq­
tiva: an zavi, an omi, magram ori perspeqtiva SeiZleba, an inglisi moi­
gebs, an zaviT an omiT da aiZuleba ruseTs Cadges Tavis sazRvrebSi, an
uomrad da datovebs Tavis poziciebs aziaSi. es niSnavs inglisis impe­
rializmis kriziss ara marto kaspiis mxareSi, aramed mTels aziaSi.
amisTvis, rasakvirvelia, dro kidev aris.
Cven SegviZlia warmovidgenT ori SesaZlebloba da SegviZlia vTq­
vaT, rom saqmis mdgomareoba, miuxedavad yovelgvari orientaciisa,
rogorc erovnuli organizacia arc erT SemTxvevaSi ar iqneba gan­
wiruli, Tu inglisi damarcxda, maSin Cven viciT, rom jer erTi sanam
rus-osmalos kavSirTan gvaqvs saqme, ruseTs mainc ar eqneba saSualeba
aqtiuri politika awarmoos kavkasiis qedis iqiT, radgan TviT ruse­
Tis imperiaSi mcxovrebi mahmadianebi ufro mets gavlenas moipoveben
da SeiZleba moskovis karamde mivides es osmaleTis gavlena, romel­
sac aRvivebs dRes ruseTis axali imperatori lenini.
saqme is aris, rom aris kidev erTi Zala, romelic dainterese­
bulia antanta-inglisTan angariSis gasworebiT, romelic SeiZleba
ubralo mayurebeli arasodes iyves am movlenebisa. me vambob ger­
maniaze, romelic agreTve damarcxebulia. germania, rogorc ufro
kulturuli saxelmwifo risks ar eweva da monawileobas ar iRebs in­

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glisis sawinaaRmdegod rus-osmalebTan erTad. magram Tu germaneli
oficrebi muSaoben ruseTSi, aziasa da osmaleTSi da kavSiri Tu aris
moskovsa da berlins Soris, cxadia imis Tqma, rom Tu osmaleT-ruse­
Tis saqme glaxad wavida inglisisaTvis da germania darwmunda, rom
am kompanias SeuZlia misi saqmis gaumjobeseba, usaTuod Cven maSin
davinaxavT, rom Tundac im kedlebis CangreviT, romelic aris ger­
maniasa da ruseTs Soris da romelic SeiZleba agredve Caingres, ro­
gorc Caingra ruseT-aderbeijans Soris, bolos Tu saqme marTlac ax­
ali omis dawyebamde mivida inglisis winaaRmdeg, arc azia iqneba amis
meTauri. am axali omis meTauri inglisis winaaRmdeg iqneba germania.
vin icis, Cven bevri legioni da divizioni gvinaxavs Cvens teritori­
aze. gvaxsovs germania, SeiZleba isini isev aqeT dabrunden Savi zRvi­
saken Tu rus-osmalos kavSiris brZola inglisis winaaRmdeg gamodga
seriozul faqtorad da CaiTria am omSi TviT germaniis respublika,
Tu saxelmwifo.
vimeoreb, Tu daiwyeba rus-osmalos omi inglisis winaaRmdeg,
rus-­osmalebis saTaveSi mainc germania iqneba, radganac is yvelaze
ufro kulturiani aris im damarcxebul saxelmwifoebSi, romlis
saqme mzaddeba dRes baqoSi. Cven SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom Tu es moxda,
rasakvirvelia, yovelTvis Cven mzad unda viyoT, sakmao ZalebiT aR­
Wurvili unda iyos Cveni sazRvrebi, rom vinc ki moaxlovdeba CvenTan
sapatio eniT valaparakoT. rasakvirvelia, Tu kidev daiwyo axali omi
rus-osmal-germaneTis, Tavis-Tavad cxadia, rom maSin Cven ar unda
gveSinodes imis, rom Cveni saerTaSoriso mdgomareoba iqneba nakar­
naxevi mxolod moskov-stambolis SeTanxmebiT. maSin iseTsave monaw­
ileobas miiRebs saerTaSoriso sakiTxebis gamorkvevaSi berlini, ro­
gorsac iRebda winad, rodesac Cven mier iyo mowveuli aq da rodesac
imdeni gaakeTa CvenTvis, rom dResac qarTveli xalxi ixseniebs madlo­
biT, rasac ver vityviT inglisze.
ai, aseTi aris batonebo, saerTaSoriso mdgomareoba. ori faqto­
ri aris yvela saxelmwifosaTvis, yvela erisaTvis: erTi aris misi
Sinagani samxedro Zala; meore aris saerTaSoriso mdgomareoba.
me vambob, rac unda moxdes gareT – me erTs vgulisxmob: rom Cvens
farglebSi yvela klasi, yvela wodeba, yvela partia Seiwiravs yve­
lafers imisaTvis, rom rac SeiZleba meti samxedro ZalebiT viyoT
SeiaraRebuli am kritikul momentSi da mzaT Cvens sazRvrebze, ara
marto sxva da sxva SemTxveviT sazRvrebze – aramed Cvens namdvil,
bunebriv sazRvrebze, rogorc aderbeijanTan, ise somxeTTan.
me vambob im sazRvrebze, romlis dakaveba aucilebelia; me vambob
saingiloze, romlis sakiTxi unda gadawydes aderbeijanis respub­
likaSi SecvliT bolSevikebis Semosvlis Semdeg. da me vambob bor­
Calos sazRvrebze, romelic unda iyos Cveni, Tu gvinda rac SeiZleba
naklebi ZalebiT davicvaT Cveni saxelmwifo yvela safrTxisagan, vis­
ganac ar unda iyos es.

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 aseve unda iTqvas baTomze.
es udao unda iyos yvelasaTvis, rom rodesac unda moxdes da
dagvWirdeba – unda movaxerxoT, rac SeiZleba meti samxedro Zalebis
dagroveba. SeiZleba aman Cveni xalxi Seawuxos, SeiZleba aman bevri
fuli dagvaxarjios, bevri Tvis saqmes moswyvitos, gansakuTrebiT
soflad, magram es iqneba gacilebiT naklebi SedarebiT imasTan, rac
dagvexarjeba da wagvixdeba Tu Cven ver SevqmeniT aseTi samxedro
Zala. imitom, rom vinc unda movides aq, gansakuTrebiT ruseTi, rom­
lis Sesaxeb arc erT Segnebul qarTvelSi ar arsebobs ori azri – es
andazaT aris ukve saqarTveloSi qceuli, rom „RmerTma dagvifaros
ruseTis dabrunebisagan“-o – mospobs, fexqveS gaTelavs yvelaze
uwinares Cvens erovnul saxes, Cvens erovnul cxovrebas, es SiSi, es
perspeqtiva mets wagvixdens da mets saqmes gagvifuWebs. da aq, dam­
fuZnebel krebaSi vinme gareSe Semosulma moawyo Tavisi Zala-ufle­
ba, Tu gareSe Zalam moawyo kanonebi saqarTvelosTvis – gareSe Zala
iqneba Cvens mTavrobaSi, administraciaSi, sasamarTloSi – es Cveni
daRupva iqneba.
es perspeqtiva Cveni xalxisaTvis sruliad garkveuli aris da me
mgonia, am perspeqtivisaTvis is araviTar msxverpls, arc fizikurs,
arc ekonomiurs, Cveni xalxis, yovel SemTxvevaSi, Segnebuli nawili
ar daiSurebs. SeiZleba vsTqvaT, Cven xalxSi arsebobs ukmayofilo
jgufebi – me ar vlaparkob aq politikur partiebze, romelTac aqvT
garkveuli politikuri gegma, gansxvavebuli taqtika an gansxvavebu­
li principebi – me vlaparakob, rom xalxis masaSi aris ukmayofileba,
magram miuxedavad amisa mainc yvelas esmis, rom Tu gind, ara mTlad
damakmayofilebeli qarTveli mTavroba, administracia da sasamarT­
lo, yvela qarTvels mainc urCevnia ucxo mTavrobas, vinc unda iyos
is, Tundac iyos me-20 saukunis kia ara – me-21 saukunis socialisti da
komunisti. me piradaT TamamaT SemiZlia vsTqva, rom rac unda didi
nakli qondes Cvens weswyobilebas _ igi aris Cveni qarTuli nakli da
es qarTuli nakli gvirCevnia Cven ruseTis, an sxva romelime xalxis,
saukeTesosa da bednierebas.
da me vambob, es – samxedro Zalebis maqsimaluri mogroveba, Sig­
niT gamagreba, ekonomiuri da fizikuri msxverplis gaReba am Zalebis
SegrovebisaTvis bunebriv sazRvrebze, kavkasionis qedis gaswvriv da
ufro did manZilzedac – warmoadgens did faqtors. es aris pirveli
moTxovnileba da daskvna im sakiTxisa, romelic dagviyena cxovrebam.
Tu rac SeiZleba male ar moxda mobilizacia yvelafrisa, rac saWiroa
da SesaZlebeli, am sityvis sruli mniSvnelobiT – rac unda moxdes
Cvens gareSe, qveynas ver davicavT, verafers gamoviyenebT da SeiZle­
ba bevric davkargoT. magram Tu viqnebiT mzaT, Tu Cveni jari erovnu­
li SegnebiT gawvrTnili, Tu Cveni samxedro Zalebis sakmao ricxvi
iqneba bunebriv sazRvrebze – me vambob, rac unda moxdes saerTaSo­
riso politikaSi, vinc unda iyos Cveni sazRvrebis gareSe, darCeba

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ruseTi da osmaleTi erTad, Tu mova germania da orives moarigebs,
Tu samive damarcxebuli darCeba da inglisi, antanta moaxerxebs Ta­
vis konferenciis dadgenilebebis gatarebas cxovrebaSi da mospobs
im kavSirs, romelic damyarda inglisis winaaRmdeg aziaSi da iqne­
ba isev Zveli Zalebi evropisa, inglisi – sul erTia, yvela pativiT
mogvepyroba, SeiZleba mokavSireobac gvTxovos, SeiZleba dagviwyos
neitralitetis darRvevaze laparaki, magram es laparaki iqneba sa­
patio, Tanasworisa TanasworTan da rasakvirvelia, aseTi laparakis
Sesaxeb absoliuturaT ar SeiZleba winaaRmdegi iyve; es aris sarge­
blobis sakiTxi ­mxolod.
me saerTaSoriso mdgomareobis Sesaxeb mxolod misTvis mogaxsen­
ebT, rom im sityvebis Semdeg, romelic aq iyo warmoTqmuli yvelas­
agan, meti yuradReba minda mivaqcio am sakiTxs, e. i. warmovidginoT
Tu ras niSnavs „revkomis“ mowodeba baqoSi. es ar aris komunistebis
saqme, es aris nacionaluri saqme ruseTis komunistebisa. maS, orSi
erTia, an inglisi daamxobs am koalicias da maSin ar SeiZleba inglis­
ma ar gvTxovos daxmareba da ar gamoiCinos Tavi dacvis saqmeSi, upir­
velesaT yovlisa baTomis sakiTxSi, meti mokavSireoba, an da ingli­
si marTlac ganwiruli aris am omSi da maSin inglisi marto darCeba
dRvandel dros da maSin gamarjveba, burTi da moedani darCeba meo­
re evropas – germanias romelmac ukve icno Cveni damoukidebloba
faqtiurad da formaluradac.
Tu gveyoleba samxedro Zala sakmarisi da Tavis alagas, xolo is
Zala aqamde rom iyo – ar kmara. sakmarisi iyo, roca osmaleTi calke
iyo da ruseTi calke, magram dRes es sakmarisi ar aris.
aqedan daskvna aris mxolod erTi: maqsimaluri mobilizacia
Cveni samxedro Zalebisa. rac Seexeba Cvens saerTaSoriso mdgo­
mareobas rac unda iyos es inglisis politika moispoba Tu aRsdgeba
_ sulerTia.
me darwmunebuli var, rom Cveni saxelovani mxedroba, romelmac
ukanasknel wlebSi daamtkica, rom saqarTvelos yavs namdvili jari,
namdvili laSqari iseve ukuaqcevs mtrebs rogorc wina omebSi. me
maxsovs axalcixis omi, axalcixis gadasvla, romelic moaxdina Cvenma
saxelovanma jarma da me darwmunebuli var, rom gansakuTrebiT aR­
frTovanebas gamoiwvevs Cvens jarSi is, rom Cvenma mTavrobam samxe­
dro Zalebis sardloba Caabara yvelaze ufro ukeTes qarTvel gen­
erals, iseT gamocdil sardals, rogorc aris generali kvinitaZe.
da me darwmunebuli var, rom igi, rogorc dRemde ar Sercxvenila
mtrebTan brZolaSi, mudam RirsebiT atarebda Tavis saxels, axlac
ar Sercxveba, ar Seuracxyofs qarTul iaraRs da Seasrulebs Tavis
wminda movaleobas. (saerTo taSi). (mquxare taSi da ovaciebi mTavro­
bis loJaSi mjdom general kvinitaZis mimarT).
Tavmjdomare: sityva ekuTvnis damfuZnebel krebis wevrs ter-ste­
panians.

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 ter-stepaniani. (daSnak.) batonebo! Cven mowmeni varT, baqom da ad­
erbeijanis saxelmwifom rogor dauTmo Tavisi adgili axal mTavrobas
da bolSevikebi gaxden „xazeinebi“ baqosi. ra xdeba am saaTSi baqoSi, me
ar vici, imitom, rom is cnoba, romelic axla Cven xelTa gvaqvs, nebas ar
maZlevs aq Sevafaso. me SemiZlia vTqva aSkaraT, rom bolSevikebis mosv­
la iq SeiZleba aixsnas ori sabuTiT. erTi, rom aderbeijanma icoda,
rom unda Semosuliyven da meore – unda Semosuliyven misive dastu­
riT. es me, arc erTi da arc meore ar makvirvebs; imitom rom me vekuT­
vni im partias, romelmac osmaleTis politika, am bolo dros 30 wlis
ganmavlobaSi, – Zalian kargaT icis; Cven vicodiT rogori politikiT
miimarTeboda osmaleTi am dros. da nu Tu aderbeijani, romelic misi
mokavSire iyo da romelsac masTan xelSekruloba hqonda – nu Tu ar
unda molodeboda amas.
magram meore mizezi is aris, Cemis azriT, rom Tavisufleba Seu­
Zlia Seinaxos man, visac am TavisuflebisaTvis brZolis velze miucia
bevri msxverpli. da me vfiqrob, rom qarTvel ers da somxeTs miuci­
aT bevri msxverpli TavisuflebisaTvis. orives es tradicia aqvs. ra
tradicia aqvs axla aderbeijans? araferi, rogorc advilaT Caigdes
maT es Tavisufleba xelSi, revoliuciis monapovari – ise advilaTve
dauTmes igi sxvas. maT sxvebs dauTmes Tavisi adgili. da eg aSkaraT
icoden win da win, imitom, rom iqaur mTavrobas arc erTi protesti ar
gamoucxadebia, arc erTi patara brZola ar gauwevia; ase gulaxdilaT
miiRes da revoliucionuri komiteti daarses. da me mgonia, rom, ra­
sakvirvelia, Zalian samwuxaroa, rom aderbeijanma gviRalata, imitom,
rom magaTTan xelSekruloba gvqonda, magram erTi mxriv Zalian kar­
gicaa, rom Cven bolos mainc vicaniT da vicaniT sworeT ise, rogorc
magaT didi xania icnobda Cveni partia.
Cven ara erTxel gviTqvams da exlac vambobT, rom es xelSekruleba
osmaleTTan didi xnis saqmea. es komedia aris is daskvna, romelic unda
gamoetanaT.
me makvirvebs is, rom Cven vlaparakobT bolSevikebze da xmas ar
viRebT osmaleTze, romelic, me mgonia, ufro saSiSia. (xma adgilidan:
ar gveSinian!) Cven ar unda gveSinodes, magram unda vicodeT, visTan gva­
qvs saqme. (juReli: somxeTic unda dairazmos!) rodesac bolSevikebma
fexi Semodges aderbeijanSi, me imedi mqonda bolSevikebi da moskovis
mTavroba Tavis gankargulebas moaxdenda, ra azris aris is amierkavka­
siis sxva respublikebze. me mgonia, Cven unda veZeboT sxva niadagi, e. i.
es ar aris bolSevikuri moZraoba, Tu osmaleTTan SekavSireba.
Cvenma partiam, rogorc mogexsenebaT, pirveli dRidanve miiRo
saqarTvelos damoukidebloba da bolomde am niadagze vadgebiT. da
Tu es asea, Cven davexmarebiT mTavrobas da damfuZnebl krebas am brZo­
laSi. (taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis damfuZnebeli krebis wevrs b. ju­
Rels.

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 v. juReli (s.-d.) dRes, rodesac Cvens Tavisufal qveyanas yov­
el mxriv sisxliT aferadebuli Rrublebi wamoefara, me magondeba
kidev ufro mZime, kidev ufro daRrubluli Cveni qveynisaTvis dro,
rodesac Cven ori mxriT, rogorc dRes kidev ufro saSiSi da sasti­
ki safrTxe gvelodda. ai, swored maSin, rodesac ori mxriT da yov­
el mxriv cecxli ekideboda Cvens axlad ganTavisuflebul qveyanas,
ai imave darbazSi Cvens xalxs brZolisaTvis mouwodebdiT da Cveni
xalxic brZolisTvis moemzada. magram maSin Cven ar viyaviT savsebiT
ganTavisuflebulni, kidev ar gvqonda Cveni samxedro Zala Seqmni­
li da is mtrebi, romelnic gveomebodnen da is mtrebic, romelnic
im mTavar mters mxars uWerdnen, bevrad ufro Zlierni iyvnen, vidre
dRes. maSin Cven saqme gvqonda gamarjvebul osmaleTTan, romlis ukan
idga mZlavri germania. da ai swored am dros, rodesac osmaleTi ba­
Tom-yars-ardaganze modioda, Cven viciT, rogor sxva kuTxeebidan
aramc Tu ar gvqonda daxmareba, aramed moRalateni muxanaTurad zu­
rgSi maxvils gvcemdnen, rodesac pirs TaTrisken vibrunebdiT. ai, am
dros Cven amas gavuZeliT, da es saSineleba Cvenma xalxma gadaitana da
miuxedavad mravali gaWirvebisa, bolos da bolos Cven gamarjvebul­
ni gamovediT da swored is osmaleTi, romelic Cvens winaaRmdeg modi­
oda, damarcxebuli gamodga. da Cven dResac gamarjvebulni varT da
imitom vigoneb im dros, rom am droidan Cveni xalxi iwyebs saSinel da
gmirul brZolas Tavisuflebis da revoliuciis monapovarTa Sesan­
arCuneblad. da Cven siamayiT SegviZlian vsTqvaT, rom es monapovarni
Cven yvelaze ufro SevinarCuneT da miuxedavad mravali mtrisa Cveni
droSa ar dagvimcirebia da Suracxyofa ar migviyenebia Cveni Tavisu­
fali qveynisaTvis.
magram, rodesac Cven saomrad vikazmebodiT erTi ram mafiqrebda,
garkveul pasuxs am movlenas ver vaZlevdi. ai, swored maSin, rodesac
TaTrebi Tavs gvesxmodnen sxva da sxva mxriT, is Zala, romelic viTom
umaRles sakacobrio idealebis matarebeli aris, romelsac maSin
bolSevizmi erqva da dRes komunizmad monaTles, ai es Zala, rodesac
TaTari Cvens winaaRmdeg nabijs wamosdgamda, yovelTvis zurgidan
gvesxmoda. da me minda mTelma Cvenma xalxma, demokratiam icodes,
ra roli iTamaSa e. w. bolSevizmma da komunizmma Cvens cxovrebaSi.
da is, rac maSin garkeuli ar iyo, dRes, rodesac msoflio istoria
garkveulia da rodesac aderbeijanma Tavisi ukanaskneli da Sesaf­
erisi sityva sTqva, is, rac CvenTvis dafaruli iyo, dRes is savsebiT
da sruliad gairkva. Tqven gaxsovT, rom rodesac Cven sazRvrebisaken
gaveSureT Cveni saukeTeso kidis – baTomis dasacvad da rodesac Cveni
xalxi eomeboda osmaleTs da xalxis saukeTeso Svilebi brZolis vel­
ze ecemodnen da sisxls Rvridnen, am dros e. w. bolSevikebi Cven zu­
rgs ukan ajanyebas gviwyobdnen. da swored imave cxinvalis raionSi,
zeda oseTSi, sadac dResac apireben komunistebi Tavis muSaobas, ma­
Sin ajanyebis droSa aafriales da SegviZlian Tamamad vsTqvaT, iqneba

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maSin es Ralati rom ar yofiliyo ver SegvenarCunebina baTomi, magram
baToms ise samarcxvinod da Cqara ar davTmobdiT. magram im dros,
rodesac saomrad vemzadebodiT, ori ajanyeba erTad moxda: erTis
mxriv ajanyeba moaxdines TaTris brboebma sadaxloSi da iq gaiwvies
saukeTeso SeiaraRebuli Zalebi da ufro didi ajanyeba moaxdines
meored cxinvalSi da Cven iZulebulni viyaviT axali, norCi Zalebi,
romelic Seqmna Cvenma demokratiam, iq gagvegzavna. amnairad baTomi
gaSiSvlebuli darCa da rodesac es ajanyeba CavaqreT da misken gave­
SureT, baTomi ukve dacemuli iyo. da maSin Cven SeiaraRebuli Zalebi
dadgnen Cvens axals sazRvrebze, im sazRvrebze, romelic Seqmna Cveni
meomrebis gul-mkerdma da gvegona, rom Cveni xalxi miuxedavad mimar­
Tulebisa, SeerTeboda da maSin am saSinel safrTxes gakavebul gul-
mkerds miuSverda.
rodesac tfilisis muSebi gaeSurnen baTomSi, Cven gviTxres: bol­
Sevikebma moaxdines axali ajanyeba samegreloSi, daSales is daraz­
muli axalgazrdani, romelnic midiodnen baTomis dasacavad. maT
uTxres – araviTari TaTari ar modis, es aris mTavrobis Ralati,
mTavrobas unda Tqveni ganadgurebao. da is axalgazrdani, romelnic
midiodnen Tavisi qveynis da xalxis dasacavad, bolSevikebma isev sax­
lebSi gauSves da iq saxlebSi ajanyeba mogviwyes. da is razmebi, ro­
melnic baTomSi unda wasuliyvnen, samegreloSi gavgzavneT da iq Cava­
qreT es anarqistuli, bolSevikuri moZraoba. da Semdeg daubrundiT
sazRvars, magram aqac iseve dagvianebuli iyo. sanam natanebSi Camovi­
dodiT, Cven mogvivida axali cnoba, rom ozurgeTi ukve TaTrebma ai­
Reso. da rodesac isev daviwyeT mzadeba sazRvrebis gasamagreblad
da rodesac es simtkice TandaTan fexs ikidebda, movida axali cnoba:
bolSevikebma moaxdines axali gamosvla da daikaves soxumio. nacvlad
imisa, rom moSvelebodnen baToms, movidnen kodoris napirze da same­
greloSi gadasvlas apirebdnen. da Cven vicodiT, rom, Tu isini mias­
wrebdnen samegreloSi gadmosvlas, iqac ajanyebis cecxli daenTebo­
da, amiT isargeblebda TaTari da samegreloSi desants gadmosxavda.
da Cven isedac gaSiSvlebul fronts movxseniT saukeTeso Zalebi da
gavgzavneT soxumSi, da Tqven iciT, iqac davamarcxeT bolSevikebi. da
swored im dros, rodesac tuafsisaken miverekebodiT bolSvikebs,
Cven mogvivida tfilisidan axali Semzaravi cnoba, TaTrebi osmale­
Tis oficrebis meTaurobiT tfiliss dauaxlovdnen 20–30 versiT. da
Cven gviTxres: miatoveT soxumis olqi da saCqarod gadadiT tfilis­
Sio. Cven gamoveSureniT tfilisSi, rom mivSvelebodiT Cveni qveynis
da revoliuciis deda-qalaqs, vinaidan vicodiT, rom, Tu daecemoda
tfilisi, ganadgurdeboda qveyana. da swored am dros, rodesac aq
brZolis velze xalxis Svilebi ixocebodnen, bolSevikebma xelaxla
moaxdines ori gamosvla: erTi isev soxumSi da meore vladikavkavis
mimarTulebiT. nacvlad imisa, rom mSromel xalxs daxmarebodnen,
maT xelaxali ajanyeba moawyes xalxisa da demokratiis winaaRmdeg.

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soxumis olqSi pirvelad gamoirkva namdvili saxe e. w. bolSevizmi­
sa: rodesac Cveni razmebi erTis xeliT igeriebdnen da mierekebodnen
bolSevikebs da amasTanave TaTris desants soxumis olqSi, meore xe­
liT Cvens jarebs mouxdaT TaTris brboebTan brZola. Cveni jarebi
ebrZodnen bolSevikebs da TaTris desants, TaTris agentebs. swored
maSin savsebiT gamoirkva e. w. bolSevikebis saxe da is mWidro kavSiri
bolSevikebsa da osmaleTis Soris, romelic dRes yvelasaTvis aSkara
da cxadia.
maSin, rodesac mteri tfiliss mouaxlovda, es brboebi saSa ge­
geWkoris meTaurobiT, romelic dRes Cvens xelSi aris da romelic
samwuxarod dResac cocxalia da aRtacebiT egebeba cixeSi wiTel
jarebs, zurgidan gvesxmodnen da Cven iZulebulni viyaviT sadax­
lodan piri gvebrunebina da wavsuliyaviT samxedro gzaze.
ai, aseTi iyo mudam moRvaweoba CvenSi bolSevizmisa, ase gveq­
ceodnen Cven mudam isini, rodesac saSinel gaWirvebas ganvicdidiT
da rodesac didi safrTxe Tavs gvatydeboda. da gamodiodnen bolSe­
vikebi ara marto im dros, rodesac saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg modioda
osmaleTi, aramed maSinac, rodesac gamarjvebuli denikinis brboebi
dairazmnen Cvens winaaRmdeg da rodesac iq Cven fronti gvqonda, ai
maSin moaxdines bolSevikebma gamosvla Cveni qveynis sxva da sxva kuTx­
eebSi, miuxedavad imisa, rom imaT kargad icodnen, rom maTi gamarjve­
ba aq aucileblad gaamefebda denikins, magram isini fiqrobdnen, rom
maSin isini saqarTveloSi Semosvlas advilad moaxerxebdnen, radgan
gaerTianebul, gakaJebul saqarTvelos respublikas, romelic momwy­
vdeulia demokratiuli saxelmwifos farglebSi, imis demokratias
isini ver daamarcxebdnen (taSi). ai, Tu Tqven aqcevT yuradRebas TviT
bolSevikebis sulier ganwyobilebas, me mgonia aq erTi ram aris damax­
asiaTebeli. winad, rodesac bolSevikebi iyvnen rostovTan axlos da
bolSevikebi Cvens winaaRmdeg moiwevdnen, maSin adgilobrivi bolSe­
vikebi ufro Tamamad iyvnen da ufro meti imedi hqondaT. magram dRes,
rodesac bolSevikebi Cvens sazRvrebs dauaxlovdnen, Tumca adgilo­
brivi bolSevikebi gaafTrebiT muSaoben, magram es imedi, es aRfrTo­
vaneba aRar etyobaT. es aixsneba imiT, rom dRes isini darwmunebuli
arian, rom Cveni SeiaraRebuli ZalebiT gzaze gadaveRobebiT im Za­
lebs, romlebic modian Cvenze. da maSin ki imaT egonaT, rom Cven amas
ver SevZlebT, maSin maT imedi hqondaT, rom xalxi maT mxars dauWers,
dRes ki isini darwmunebulni arian, rom xalxi maT avantiuras mx­
ars ar dauWers da rom mTeli Cveni xalxi mTavrobis da damfuZneb­
el krebis garSemo aris mokrefili (taSi). Cven, rasakvirvelia, unda
vigrZnoT mTeli simZime am momentisa, magram sasowarkveTilebaSi ar
unda CavvardeT. me vici fsiqologia mebrZolisa. pirvelSi, Cveni Se­
takebis dros bolSevikebTan, CvenSi, me vityvi piradad – CemSi, erTg­
vari ryeva da yoymani iyo, radgan maSin savsebiT ar iyo gamorkveuli
Tu vin idga im barikadis meore mxareze, romelic iyo Cvens winaaRmdeg

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aRmarTuli. Cven kidev gvegona, rom bolSevikebs am wiTeli droSis
feri aramc Tu axsovdaT, rom maT kidev ar qondaT sruliad daviw­
yebuli socializmis didi aRTqma. magram dRes CvenTvis sruliad ga­
morkveulia da aSkara, rasac warmoadgens es bolSevizmi. da me vici,
rom Cvens mebrZolebSi es orWofoba da es ryeva srulebiT aRar arse­
bobs (Zlieri taSi). rasakvirvelia, Tqven iciT, rom bolSevikebi ar­
aviTar saSualebas ara zogaven, rom CvenSi gamoiwvion arev-dareva.
amas saTanado angariSi unda gauwioT, SesaZlebelia, rom bolSevike­
bi kidev moawyoben sxva da sxva adgilas sxva da sxva juris gamosv­
lebs. amas Cven win da winve unda SeurigdeT, rom es SesaZlebelia, ma­
gram miT ufro sastikad, miT ufro ulmobelad unda CavklaT aseTi
avazakuri da moRalaturi axali gamosvlebi (taSi). da dRes mTelma
demokratiam, yvelam unda icodes, unda Seignos, rom dRes dadga Cve­
ni yofna-aryofnis sakiTxi, rom daTmobiT Cven davkargavT yvelafers.
Tu Cven erTi nabijiT ukan davixieT, Cven ar gveqneba araviTari sa­
Sualeba erTi nabijiT win wavdgeT. davTmoT im iluziiT, rom bolSe­
vikebTan SeiZleba raime SeTanxmeba da molaparakeba – es aris yvelaze
ufro mZime da saSineli iluzia (taSi), magram me amiT ar minda vsTqva,
rom Cveni mTavroba SeTanxmebis winaaRmdegi unda iyos. mTeli qveynis
demokratiam, mTelma msofliom icis, rom Cven yovelTvis mSvidobi­
anobis momxreni viyaviT, rom Cven pirvelebs ar migvimarTavs aravis
winaaRmdeg iaraRiT, magram, rodesac Cven amovwuravT yvela saSvale­
bas mSvidobiani msvlelobisas, maSin mivmarTavT iaraRs, magram Cven
yvelam vicodiT, rom mSvidobianoba maSin aris mtkiceT, rodesac is
eyrdnoba fizikur, SeiaraRebul Zalebs.
amitom visac aqvs iliuziebi, rom bolSevikebi CvenTan gamarTaven
namdvil molaparakebas, me vityvi, es iliuziebi maSin Seisxaven sis­
xls da xorcs, rodesac Cven gveyoleba sakmao fizikuri Zala, rodesac
isini dainaxaven, rom verafers gaxdebian, rodesac aq, Cvens sazRvre­
bze maT win daxvdebaT SeiaraRebuli xalxi, romelic yovelTvis mSvi­
dobianobis momxre aris da romelmac yovelTvis icis Tavisi qveynis,
Tavisi mSvidobianobis dacva. da Tu bolSevikebma moitanes Cvenze
ieriSi, maSin Cven xalxs gaeSleba xeli da – amaSi me Rrmad var darw­
munebuli – bolSevikebis daSla – dasamareba aq daiwyeba, rom, Tu Cven­
sa da bolSevikebs Soris mogvixda brZola, me darwmunebuli var, rom,
miuxedavad imisa rom bevrs laparakoben wiTel armiis Zlierebaze,
swored aqedgan daiwyeba bolSevikebis saSineli damarcxeba da Cveni
jari da gvardia, romelsac arasodes ar gadaulaxavs sazRvrebi sxve­
bisi, iZulebuli iqneba Tavisi samxedro asparezi iaraRiT gaditanos
Cveni sazRvrebis gadaRma da iq daexmaros ruseTis demokratias, rom
man im bolSevikur tiraniidan Tavi gainTavisuflos (Zlieri taSi).
da rodesac aq laparakoben Cvens martoobaze, me ver vgrZnob Tavs
martod. me vici rom Cven dRes martoni ara varT. maSin, rodesac Cven
osmaleTs vebrZodiT, maSin swored ganmartoebulni viyaviT da rom

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sruliad davRupuliyaviT, evropa amas ver gaigebda. maSin evropasTan
kavSiri ara gvqonda da rodesac aq axali evropa Semovidoda, is aRad­
genda Cvens nangrevebze am saSinel traRedias, magram Cven gvaqvs kav­
Siri evropasTan. marTalia, es kavSiri ar aris iseTi, rogoric Cven
gvinda, magram me mgonia evropis demokratia da evropis mmarTveli
wreebi ar arian darwmunebulni im poziciaSi, romelsac Cven vadgi­
varT. da me mgonia aderbeijanis qceva iWvebs kidev ufro gaaZlierebs.
Tqven gaxsovT, rom aderbeijans gamohqonda rezoliucia, rom is ar
SemouSvebs gareSe Zalas, magram, rodesac es Zala miadga, aderbeijan­
ma gauRo mas karebi da aderbeijanis gzaTa ministri meliq aslanovi
ialamaze daxvda wiTel jarebs da, rasakvirvelia aseTi magaliTebis
dros, rodesac fici erTi iyo da saqme ki sul sxva, SesaZlebelia es
iWvebi ramdenime xans kidev gagrZeldes. magram rodesac Cven viSiS­
vlebT xmlebs brZolis velze da erTmaneTs SevetakebiT, me darw­
munebuli var, mTeli evropa Cven yuradRebas mogvaqcevs, Cvens Rvawls
daafasebs da realur daxmarebasac mogvcems. Cven evropas ar vsTxovT
xalxs, Cven bevri varT mebrZolebi. magram Cven vsTxovT, gaigon maT Cve­
ni mdgomareoba, Cveni istoriuli misia da, Tu amas gaigeben da dain­
axaven, rom Cven marTala ara vTamaSobT aderbeijanis rols, Cven gvi­
yvars Cveni Tavisufleba, Cveni damoukidebeli qveyana, romelic aris
agebuli Cveni amxanagebis Zvirfas sisxlze. ai, maSin evropa daafasebs
Cvens unars da evropa Cven daxmarebas mogvcems. (taSi). amitom nuravis
gaukvirdeba Tu evropis daxmareba dagvianebulia. pirveli magaliTi
Cven unda vaCvenoT da am magaliTis Semdeg evropis demokratiis guli
Cvensken iqneba. magram garda evropis demokratiisa, Cven gvicavs didi
mokavSire – es aris dRes droebiT damarcxebuli ruseTis demokra­
tia. Tqven iciT rom dRes ruseTSi namdvili tirania aris gamefebuli
da is sabWoTa mTavroba mxolod erTgvari forma, erTgvari xalxis mo­
satyuebeli saSualeba aris da iq sabWoebs araviTari Zala da ufleba
ara aqvT. am sabWoebs Zalian iSviaTad krefavden da namdvilad ki iq
aris gabatonebuli komunisturi partiis centraluri komiteti, ro­
melic aris sruli baton-patroni da es TviTmmarTveloba ruseTisa,
rogorc Zveli reJimis dros, eyrdnoba xiSts. marTalia mas wiTeli
saxeli daerqva, magram viciT rom is ufro Savia da saSineli gamanad­
gurebeli, vidre ruseTis Zveli xiSti. da rodesac aseTi mdgomareoba
aris ruseTSi, Cven viciT, rom damarcxebuli ruseTis demokratia ar
aris Seguebuli im tiranias, romelic muSebis umravlesobis winaaRm­
deg aris mimarTuli. da Tqven bolSevikebis gazeTebSi waikiTxavdiT
protestebs, rom anadgureben muSaTa organizaciebs, romelic ambobs
rom es baton-ymoba, romelic gamefebulia iq, maTTvis misaRebi ar
aris. magram is Zalebi dRes damarcxebulni da dasustebulni arian.
da, Tu Cven am bolSevikur Zalebs davxvdiT ise, rogorc Seefereba es
Tavisufal xalxs, maSin bolSevikebis zurgs ukan daiwyeba saSineli
gaxrwna, anarqia da pirveli aRsdgeba yubani da mTebi kavkasionisa da

303
aseT pirobebSi, rasakvirvelia, Cven ganmartoebulni ara varT. da me
mgonia, Cven mesame mxriTac ara varT datovebulni.
me Rrmad var darwmunebuli, rom yvelaze ufro saSineli mteri
somxis xalxisa – daSnakelebis partia, rodesac dainaxavs somxeTis
eris am safrTxes, es daSnakelebis partia gaarkvevs Tavis politi­
kas da ar gahyveba Tavis moZme partias – musavats, rom is Seignebs mS­
romeli xalxis interesebs, vinaidgan, Tu bolSevikebisa da osmaleTis
Serigeba moxda, es moxdeba ganadgurebul somxeTis niadagze. da me mgo­
nia, yvelam Tavisi Tavi unda moitanos somxeTis xalxis sakurTxevelze
da mxolod amis Semdeg unda dasTmos Tavisi poziciebi. Tu marTla is
partia, romelic aqamde ver erkveoda saerTaSoriso pirobebSi, dRes
gamoerkvia da marTlac warmoidgina safrTxis saSineleba, me mgoni am
mxrivac viSovniT mokavSires. amnairad dRes Cven gamartoebuli ara
varT da Cven dRes bevrad ufro SekavSirebulni varT. da Tu moigonebT
im dros, rodesac baTomis mimarTulebiT mivdiodiT, Tqven iciT, rom
saxalxo gvardias maSin arc erTi zarbazani ara hqonda. dRes ki Cveni
saxalxo gvardia aris Zlieri da misi artileria qiSpobas gauwevs zo­
gierT sxva qveynebis artilerias. da masTan erTad ara gvyavda maSin
jari, gvyavda brboebi, magram dRes Cven gvyavs Tumca axalgazrda, ma­
gram gawvrTnili da demokratiisTvis Tavdadebuli jari (taSi).
amnairad, es ori SeiaraRebuli Zala – Cveni axalgazrda jari da
misi ufrosi Zma – saxalxo gvardia pirnaTlad Seasruleben xalxis wi­
naSe Tvis movaleobas da aacdenen saSinel safrTxes (taSi).
da Tu Cven yvelam warmovidgineT is mdgomareoba, romelSiac Cven
vvardebiT da ara marto SevignebT, arsebiTad SeviTvisebT im didebul
Tqmulebas, romliTac mTavrobis Tavmjdomarem daaTava Tvisi sityva,
maSin, me mgonia, veraviTari safrTxe, ra saxisac da saidanac ar unda
wamovides, ver gagvtexavs welSi. me magondeba erTi didi dRe Cveni
istoriuli cxovrebisa – es iyo ekaterinodarTan brZolis dRe. maSin
Cveni patara razmi yovel mxriv Semortymuli iyo mtrisagan, magram es
patara razmi gamarjvebuli gamovida imitom, rom yovelma mebrZolma
usityvod gulSi sTqva: umjobesia movkvde am brZolis velze, vidre
davnebde mtersao. da rodesac es azri SeiTvisa TviTeulma mebrZol­
ma, am miznisaTvis ar daiSura sicocxle da rodesac brZolis velze
dacemul amxanagis magivrad meore dgeboda da iaraRs ar yrida, me
vambob, rom es brZolis dRe Cveni saucxovo gamarjvebis dRed gardai­
qca. dRes-dReobiT Cven ukan dasaxevi gza ara gvaqvs da dRes mTeli
Cveni fizikuri Zala unda gamovitanoT Cveni qveynis da respublikis
sakurTxevelze da Tu marTla istoriam gvarguna daRupva, umjobesia
yvelani davixocoT, vidre fizikurad da zneobrivad Cveni xalxi.
erTs unda mivaqcio yuradReba, rac samwuxarod dRemde ver iyo
cxovrebaSi savsebiT gatarebuli. me vambob, rom bolos da bolos mxo­
lod nawili Cveni erisa icavs Tvis respublikas – ara marto qonebas,
Tvis sicocxlesac ar iSurebs respublikisaTvis. da samwuxarod, meo­

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re jgufi, romelic yvelaze ufro dalxinebulia yovelTvis ganze
dgeba da ar iRebs monawileobas Tav-dacvis saqmeSi. ase iyo yovelT­
vis: ase iyo baTomis tragediis dros, denikinis winaaRmdeg brZolis
dros, somxebTan omis dros da me mgonia, aseve moxdeba dResac. ai, es
norCi burJuazia, romelic yvelaze ufro Senaxuli aris Zveli ruse­
Tis imperiis farglebSi, dResac ar gamoitans msxverpls. (b. Tevzaia:
gamovataninebT!) ai, swored unda gamovataninoT! (taSi). da me mgonia,
rom Tu es burJuazia miuSviT Tvis nebis-yofaze, rogorc ityvian,
sinidisze miuSviT, Tvis jibes da fuls maRla daayenebs sinidisze.
am mxriv, me mgonia, mTavrobam meti simtkice, nebis-yofa unda gamoiCi­
nos da aiZulos ama Tu im saxiT, me ar vici ra saxiT, magram Cveni gaba­
tonebuli klasebi, romlebic yvelaze kargad, Tavisuflad grZnoben
Tavs dRevandel pirobebSi, vinaidan ascdnen bolSevikebis ganadgure­
bas Cvens qveyanaSi, am burJuazias raime msxverpli unda gamoaRebinos.
da Tu Cveni xalxi igrZnobs, rom Cveni mTavroba ar erideba mtkice
zomebs, maSin is xalxi, romelic darazmuli aris damfuZnebel krebis
da mTavrobis irgvliv, metis aRfrTovanebiT da aRtacebiT dairazme­
ba da is Cveni wiTeli droSa da meore erovnuli droSa, romliTac Cve­
ni mtris winaaRmdeg wavalT, es droSebi ar daiSvebian mtris winaSe,
aramed gaimarjveben da isev aq dabrundebian da damfuZnebel krebas,
mTavrobas da xalxs gamarjvebas miulocaven! (Zlieri taSi).
Tavmjdomare. kamaTi dasrulebuli gaxlavT. gTxovT moisminoT
social-demokratiul fraqciis formula morig sakiTxze gadasvlis
Sesaxeb.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli. (kiTxulobs soc.-dem. fraqciis formulas).

soc.-dem. fraqciis formula:

„moismina ra mTavrobis Tavmjdomaris gancxadeba saqarTvelos

dRevandeli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb da msjeloba am gancxadebisa gamo,
damfuZnebeli kreba aRiarebs:
qarTvelma erma revoliuciis procesSi Tavisi damoukidebloba
aRadgina, gaxda sruli baton-patroni Tavisi bed-iRblisa, xalxis
uzenaesi organo – damfuZnebeli kreba Seqmna, saxelmwifoSi demokra­
tiuli wes-wyobileba daamyara da revoliuciur monapovarTa fxize­
li daraji Seiqna.
saqarTvelos demokratiam ori wlis ganmavlobaSi sakuTari Zal-
RoniT udidesi siZneleni gadalaxa SigniT da gareT, is mtkiceT ica­
vda mezoblebTan keTil-ganwyobilebas da dawinaurebul evropasTan
mWidro damokidebulebas.
saqarTvelos Rvawls erovnulsa da saerTaSoriso sferoSi amaoT
ar Cauvlia; igi icno evropiulma saxelmwifoebma da miT man fexi Ses­
dga Tavisufal xalxTa ojaxSi.

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 Cveni miswrafeba naTelia da samarTliani. dRes eris da demokrati­
is uZvirfases ganZs – damoukideblobas da Tavisuflebas saSiSroeba
moelis.
gvevlineba bolSevizmis samoselSi gaxveuli rus-Turquli im­
perializmi, romelic lamobs Cveni damoukidebloba da mTlianoba
daamxos. es imperialisturi Savi Zala ukve SemoiWra aderbeijanSi,
romlis parlamentma, Tanaxmad moskov-arzrumis direqtivebisa, gaau­
qma Tavisi Tavi da miT mSromel xalxs Zveli uReli daadga da evropi­
dan aziisaken aqnevina piri.
amas ver Caidens saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli kreba da mTavroba.
amas ver Caidens qarTveli eri da saqarTvelos demokratia.
is samSoblos, demokratias, Tavisuflebas ver uRalatebs, ver
gascems, ver gahyidis: evropisagan is pirs aziisaken ver ibrunebs.
demokratizmis magier despotias adgils ver dauTmobs; anarqiis
talRebSi xalxs ver gadisvris.
damfuZnebeli kreba Rrmad aris darwmunebuli, rom mTeli saqar­
Tvelos xalxi, ganurCevlad erovnebisa, sarwmunoebisa da mimar­
Tulebisa, qarTveli eri, saqarTvelos demokratia, misi saxelovani,
brZolaSi gamobrZmedili SeiaraRebuli Zala – jari da saxalxo gvar­
dia da mTeli SeiaraRebuli xalxi Seuryevlad daicavs saqarTvelos
damoukideblobas da Tavisuflebas.
damfuZnebeli kreba mimarTavs demokratias, rom imanac aRimaR­
los xma uzenaesi samarTlianobis dasacavad, da Rrmad swams, rom
gasaWiris dros evropis demokratia ar dastovebs saqarTvelos de­
mokratias martod brZolis velze.
damfuZnebeli kreba mTeli Tavisi arsebiT mxars dauWers mTavro­
bas eris wmidaTa-wmidas – misi damoukideblobisa da Tavisuflebis
dacvis saqmeSi, savsebiT adasturebs mTavrobis mier TavdacvisaTvis
miRebul zomebs da avalebs mas gaorkecebuli energiiT ganagrZos
dawyebuli saqme qveynis sakeTildReod.
damfuZnebeli kreba avalebs Tavis prezidiums mimarTos saqarTve­
los xalxs Sesaferi mowodebiT“.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva. aravis. vin aris momxre? vin aris
winaaRmdegi? aravin. Tavi vin Seikava? aravin. maSasadame formula
miRebulia erTxmad (taSi).
winadadeba gaxlavT imav fraqciis mier, rom mTavrobis Tavmjdom­
aris sityva daibeWdos da gavrceldes mTel xalxSi. vin aris winaaRm­
degi? aravin. maSasadame es winadadeba miRebulia. gTxovT moisminoT
misaloci depeSa.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli. (kiTxulobs saxalxo gvardiis misaloc depe­
Sas) (taSi).
Tavmjdomare. moqalaqeno! gaumarjos Cven SeiaraRebul samxed­
ro Zalas – saxalxo gvardiis da norC jaris saxiT (xangrZlivi taSi).
gaumarjos Tavisufal, damoukidebel saqarTvelos da mis mTavrobas

306
(xangrZlivi taSi. ovaciebi mTavrobas).
Semdegi sakiTxis Sesaxeb sityva ekuTvnis momxsenebels grigol gi­
orgaZes.
gr. giorgaZe. batonebo! im dadgenilebis Tanaxmad, romelic mi­
iReT, TavisTavad gamomdinareobs, rom TavdacvisaTvis saWiro aris
gansazRvruli Tanxa, romelic mTavrobis gankargulebaSi unda iyos
xarjebisaTvis. am miznisaTvis mTavrobis Tavmjdomarem warmoadgina
dekreti, rom 300 milioni maneTi gaRebul iqnas mTavrobis gankar­
gulebaSi. es dekreti ganxiluli iyo samxedro da sabiujeto komisi­
aSi da miRebul iqmna. da exla es komisiebi Suamdgomloben damfuZneb­
el krebis winaSe, rom es dekreti miRebul iqmnas erTxmad ise, rogorc
am ramodenime xnis wined formula. (Tavmjdomaris adgils iWers si­
mon mdivani).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva saerTo msjelobisaTvis? aravis. vin
aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? aravin. gTxovT waikiTxoT.
(momxsenebeli kiTxulobs. dekreti miRebuli iqna muxlobriv da
saboloo teqstic damtkicebuli).
Tavmjdomare. gTxovT moisminoT Semdegi krebis dRiuri wesrigi.
(mdivani kiTxulobs Semdegi krebis dRiur wesrigs).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. dRi­
uri wesrigi Semdegi krebisa miRebulia.
sxdomas daxurulad vacxadeb.
(sxdoma ixureba 4 saaTze da 10 wuTze).

307
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

meTuTxmete sxdoma

(15)

1920 weli. maisis 4. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – gareSe-saqmeTa saministros

kancelariis Statis da xarj-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
2. dekreti – tfilisis mixeilis saxelobis saavadmyofosTan arse­
buli suliT avadmyofTa TavSesafris Statis damtkicebisa.
3. dekreti – miwad-moqmedebis saministrosaTvis damatebad
43.001.848 man. gadadebisa sameurneo-saoperacio xarjebis dasafaravad.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris amxanagi

simon mdivani.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivani k. jafariZe.
sxdoma iwyeba naSuadRevis 1 saaT.
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas gaxsnilad vacxadeb. mdivani mogaxsenebT
komisiaSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtebs da dRiur wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs komisiaSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtebs).

komisiaSi gadasacemi kanon-proeqtebi:

1. xelovnebis komisiis iniciativiT SemuSavebuli proeqti dek­

retisa – saistorio, saarqeologio, samxatvro da sakulturo
nivTebis saqarTvelos respublikidan gatanis akrZalvis Sesaxeb.
2. Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris proeqti dekretisa – soxumis saqa­
laqo sasamarTlo eqimis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis
Sesaxeb.

309
 3. samxedro ministris proeqti dekretisa – 254.247.718 man. ga­
dadebis Sesaxeb samxedro saministros 1919–1920 w. xarjT-aRricxvis
damatebad.
4. gzaTa ministris kanon-proeqti – naturalur sagzao begarisa.
Semdeg mdivani kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs.

dRiuri wesrigi:

1. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – gareSe-saqmeTa

saministros kancelariisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
2. dekreti – darialis sanapiro razmTan arsebuli ori saar­
tilerio mwyobris droebiT Statis damtkicebisa.
3. dekreti – tfilisis mixeilis saxelobis saavadmyofosTan ar­
sebuli suliT avadmyofTa TavSesafaris Statis damtkicebisa.
4. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – foTis sakaranti­
no soxumis sazRvao-saeqimo da sanainis sanapiro saeqimo sameTvaly­
ureo sadgurebis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
5. dekreti – miwad-moqmed. saministrosaTvis damatebad 43.701.848
man. gadadebisa – sameurneo-saoperacio xarjebis dasafaravad.
6. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – uWkuosi da
Wkuaze SeSlilis Semowmebis wesis Secvlisa.
Tavmjdomare. damf. krebis wevrno! mogexsenebaT, rom Cvens samx­
edro skolas respublikis gaborotebuli mtrebi Tavs daesxen da
amiT isini lamobdnen xelT CaegdoT, rogorc Cveni samxedro skola,
ise mTeli marTva-gamgeoba saqarTvelos respublikisa. rasakvirve­
lia, ugunureba iyo aseTi ganzraxva. magram ugunurebas Tan axlda is
yvela boroti xasiaTi am ganzraxvisa, rom mas ueWvelad erTi Sedegi
unda mohyoloda da es iyo is, rom im xalxma, vinc modioda marTva-gam­
geobis xelT Casagdebad naxa civi samare. es asec unda momxdariyo,
vinaidan Cven viciT, rom samxedro skola, dawyebuli misi meTauro­
biTa da xelmZRvanelebiT da gaTavebuli iunkrebiTa da ubralo ja­
riskacebiT, mudam darajad udga saqarTvelos damoukideblobas,
Tavisuflebas, mis damf. krebas, mis mTavrobas. es asec moxda. TviT
skolam es ugunuri boroti xalxi Tavisi sakuTari ZaliT moigeria,
miuxedavad imisa, rom es sruliad moulodneli iyo, miuxedavad imi­
sa, rom aq SeiZleba mtrebs sxva garemoebac xels uwyobda, skolam
TviTon uyo likvidacia im avantiuras, romliTac mtrebi saqmis ga­
keTebas lamobden. zogierTi borot-gamzraxveli daWril da daWer­
il iqna. aman moiTxova msxverpli samxedro skolis mxriv. daiWra ori
iunkeri, romelTa Soris erTi mayaSvili guSin gardaicvala. man Tav­
isi sikvdiliT daimsaxura namdvili mamuliSvilis saxeli, romelnic
Tavidan dRemdis udganan darajad saqarTvelos, da saqarTvelos ara
uSavs ra, vinaidgan mas aseTi mayaSvilebi bevri hyavs. winadadebas va­

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Zlev damf. krebas fexze adgomiT pativi sces mas. (deputatebi fexze
dgebian).
amasTanave minda vamcno damf. krebas, rom saqarTvelos yovel
kuTxidan mogvdis telegramebi da gvauwyeben, rom mobilizacia sauc­
xovod midis, aRfrTovaneba didia (kedia: vaSa! saerTo taSi). mTeli
saqarTvelo rogorc erTi kaci fexze dadga da mieSureba sazRvrebi­
sken da is daicavs maT mtrisagan, saidanac unda modiodes igi (kedia:
vaSa! saerTo taSi). axla neba miboZeT gadavideT morig sakiTxebze.
Tavmjdomare. soc.-dem. fraqciidan winadadeba aris Semosuli:
„meore sakiTxi dasmuli iqnes ukanasknel sakiTxad“. winaaRmdegi xom ar­
avin aris? miRebulia. pirvel sakiTxis Sesaxeb sityva cabaZes ekuTvnis.

1. zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqt. gareSe-saqmeTa

saministros kancelariis Statisa da xarjT-
aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

salayaia. (soc.-d.) mogexsenebaT, rom am ramdenime Tvis winad iyo

mTavrobis mier daarsebuli sauwyebaTaSoriso komisia, romelsac unda
SeemuSavebia jamagirebis norma yvela uwyebaTa mosamsaxureebis­Tvis.
Tavmjdomare. Tu SeiZleba xma maRla.
salayaia. es jamagirebis norma iqna SemuSavebuli da amis mixed­
viT uwyebebma kidec gaatares jamagirebis momateba: mag. Sinagan-saqme­
Ta saministrom, finansTa saministrom, kontrolma da sx. xolo ga­
reSe-saqmeTa saministros Statebi da jamagirebi Semodis axla. is
normebi, romelic iyo miRebuli aqac daculia, xolo ori gamonak­
lisiT: erTi saqmismwarmoeblisa da meore misi TanaSemwis Sesaxeb.
xolo, rac Seexeba Statebs, imaT Sesaxeb iyo dadgeenili, rom yvela
uwyebebs moexdinaT Statebis Semcireba. es iyo gamowveuli imiT, rom
rogorc mogexsenebaT, yvela uwyebebs aqvs adgilobrivi periferiebi
da is ufleba, romelic centrs aqvs, gadaeca am periferiebs. ase rom
is didi saqme, romelic centrs aqvs gadavida periferiebis xelSi.
amrigad erTi nawili Sromis moaklda uwyebebs da am mxriv iyo miRe­
buli zomebi, rom sxva da sxva uwyebebs Seemoklebia Statebi. zogi­
erTma uwyebebma es ukve gaatares. zogierTis Sesaxeb unda iTqvas, rom
isinic am axlo momavalSi gaatareben am Statebis Semcirebas. raic
Seexeba gareSe-saqmeTa saministros, is gansakuTrebul mdgomareo­
baSia. marTalia mas ar aqvs periferiebi saxelmwifoSi, magram imde­
nad, ramdenad mtkicdeba es saxelmwifo, dRevandel mdgomareobaSic,
iciT, rom rac unda iyos saxelmwifo, man mainc unda iqonios mTeli
rigi damokidebulebaTa sxva da sxva saxelmwifoebTan, da es damok­
idebulebani Tan da Tan ufro rTuldeba. am mxriv aris aRsaniSnavi
mTeli rigi warmomadgenlobaTa, romelnic hyavs ama Tu im saxelmwi­
fos. ricxvi TandaTan mravldeba. saxelmwifom unda iqonios mTeli

311
rigi damokidebulebaTa, maSasadame man unda iqonios organo, romel­
sac ewodeba gareSe-saqmeTa saministro, unda iqonios mudmivi kavSiri
da Statebis Semcireba komisiis azriT ar iqneba misaRebi. datovebul
iqna is Statebi, romelnic iyo SemuSavebuli pirvelad e. i. 46 kaci. am
Statebs aqvs TandarTuli sakancelario xarjebi. es xarjebi mibulia
sauwyebaTaSoriso komisiis mier. kontrolic eTanxmeba am xarjebs. sa­
biujeto komisiamac miiRo igi mxolod erTi gamonaklisiT – es aris
avtomobilebis Senaxva. saerTod arsebobs saxelmwifo garaJi, sad­
ac inaxeba avtomobilebi. raic Seexeba gareSe-saqmeTa saministros,
radganac mas Zalian xSiri mimosvla aqvs, safinanso komisiam scno, rom
avtomobilebis Senaxva dakisreboda TviT uwyebas da amisTvis calke
Tanxa yofiliyo gadadebuli.
ai, daaxloebiT is, risi moxsenebac me mqonda mondobili. daw­vri­
lebiT mogaxsenebT, roca ganvixilavT dekrets muxlobriv.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva sazogado msjelobisaTvis? sityvis
msurveli aravinaa. kanon-proeqti reglamentis ZaliT damf. krebas sa­
Tanado vadis gasvlis Semdeg waredgineba muxlobriv gansaxilvelad.
Semdegi sakiTxis Sesaxeb sityva b. oniaSvils ekuTvnis.

2. dekreti – tfilisis mixeilis saxelobis

saavadmyofosTan arsebuli suliT avadmyofTa
TavSesafaris Statis damatebisa.

d. oniaSvili (s.-d.) ama wlis Tebervlis dekretiT damf. krebam

miiRo samkurnalo dawesebulebaTa Statebi. am Statebs Soris daamt­
kica mixeilis saavadmyofosTan arsebul suliT avadmyofTa TavSesa­
fris Statebi. sruliad SemTxveviT maSin uwyebas gamorCa eqvsi Ta­
namdebobis piri e. w. zedamxedvelebi. da ai es zedamxedvelebi dRes
faqtiurad arian miRebuli da muSaoben am dawesebulebaSi. axla uw­
yeba Semodis da Suamdgomlobs, rom damtkicebul iqnes es Statebi – 6
zedamxedvelisa im wesiT, rogorc miRebuli iyo danarCeni Statebi.
sabiujeto komisiam ganixila es da miiRo. axla me damavales momexsen­
ebia damf. krebisTvis.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis sityvas xom aravin inebebs?
sityvis msurveli aravinaa. (dekreti Cveulebrivi wesiT iqna miRebu­
li damf. krebis mier da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias.
Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis damf. krebis wevrs ivane
gomarTels.

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 3. dekreti – miwad-moqmedebis saministrosaTvis
damatebad 43.701.848 maneTis gadadebisa –
saoperacio xarjebis dasaxmareblad.

gomarTeli (s.-d.) miwad-moqmedebis saministros gankargulebaSi

gaxlavT, rogorc mogexsenebaT, saxelmwifo mamulebi, sacdeli dawe­
sebulebani da saswavleblebi. am dawesebulebebis Sesanaxad erTgvari
saoperacio da sameurneo xarjis gasawevad gadadebuli gaxldaT sa­
biujeto wlis ganmavlobaSi erTgvari Tanxa. es Tanxa gamoangariSebu­
li gaxlavT sabiujeto wlis damlevamde e. i. 1919 wlis ianvramde. aseT
angariSis dros miwad-moqmedebis saministro xelmZRvanelobda 1918
wlis bolo Tveebis varaudiT. kargad mogexsenebaT, rom maSin fasi
sxva iyo, Tundac muSaTa xelfasi, romelsac saWiroebda saxelmwifo
mamulebi. Semdeg fasma iwyo momateba. daibada sakiTxi – Tu aRniSnul
xarjT-aRricxvis farglebSi darCeboda saministro didi zarali mou­
vidoda mamulebs, amiT dakmayofileba xarjebisa yovlad SeuZlebeli
iyo da respublikas mouvidoda iseTi zarali, romlis gamosworebas
dasWirdeboda mTeli 100 milionebi. amitom Tavis-Tavad cxadia saqme
rom ar Seferxebuliyo, miwad-moqmedebis saministro iZulebuli iyo
zedmeti xarji gaewia yvela amis dasakmayofileblad erTis mxriv, rac
gaweulia, da meores mxriv, rac dasWirdeba 1 ivnisamde, saministro
Txoulobs 43.701.848 maneTze cota mets. riTi xelmZRvanelobs samin­
istro, ra mosazreba udevs, rom aseT Tanxas Txoulobs? aq gaxlavT
mosazreba moyvanili, romlis mixedviT dar­wmundebiT, rom sxva da
sxva saWiro masalaze da muSaTa xelfasze fasma imata zogan 100 proc.,
zogan 500 proc., zogan 1000 proc. 1919 wlis noember-­dekemberSi xel­
fasi 10 maneTi iyo, Semdeg ianvarSi gaxda 50-60 man., rac Seadgens 500
proc. momatebas. Semdeg gaxda 100-200 man. mag. kaxeTSi 200 man. nakleb
ver iSovidiT muSas. aiReT SeSa, rac saWiro iyo miwad-moqmedebis sxva
da sxva dawesebulebebSi: winad iyo naangariSevi 40-50 Tumani. dRes ki
300 Tumani. asea Tiva, qeri da sxva. amisda mixedviT 500-600 procentiT
imata, maSasadame siZvirem. miwad-moqmedebis saministro ki iRebs 300
proc. es 300 proc. sinamdvileze naklebia, es Seadgens 45 mil. es 45
milioni gaxlavT ganawilebuli Semdeg nairad: daaxlovebiT oTx-naxe­
vari mil. man. sWirdeba im xarjebs, rac ukve gaweuli iyo 1 ianvramdis
sabiujeto wlis ganmavlobaSi, danarCeni 22 milioni sWirdeba mamu­
lebs saoperacio sameurneo xarjebisaTvis. aq navaraudevi gaxlavT
muSis xelfasi. sabiujeto wlis damlevamde navaraudevi iyo dReSi
10 maneTi, dRes ki metia. rodesac muSa mudmivad aris daqiravebuli,
imas satarifo palata gadauwyvets momatebas da is unda daemorCil­
os mas. magram dRiuri muSa ar eqvemdebareba satarifo palatis dad­
genilebas. Tu momcemT vimuSaveb, ara da ar vimuSavebo, ambobs is, rom
ar miscem saqme Seferxdeba, venaxi aris gasasxlavi, dasabaravi. Tu es

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droze ar gakeTda didi zarali mouva saxelmwifos. Semdeg gaxlavT
erTdrouli Tanxa erTdrouli xarjebis dasafaravad, Senobebis Sesa­
keTeblad, sacdel mindvrebis mowyoba. saministros sacdeli hqonda
kulaSSi da man saWirod scno gadmoetana ajameTSi, Semdeg ferma iyo
ganadgurebuli bakurianSi. amas friad didi mniSvneloba aqvs CvenT­
vis, mas aRdgena sWirdeba. amas dasWirdeba erTgvari Tanxa. sul na­
varaudevia 18 mil. man., magram 8 milioni dekretiT gadaido, amitom
miwad-moqmedebis saministro Txoulobs 10 milions. miwad-moqmedebis
saministros abaria agreTve Sina-mrewvelobis dargi. Sina-mrewvelo­
bis saqmes CvenSi didi mniSvneloba aqvs. mzaddeba umTavresad Sali,
romelic xmardeba Cvens jars. rogorc iciT jars Cabarda 11 aTasi
arSini Sali gacilebiT ufro iafad, vidre daujdeboda bazarze. am
Sina-mrewvelobas gafarToeba sWirdeba. CvenSi msxvili warmoeba ar
aris. sanam is ganviTardebodes am Sina-mrewvelobas unda SeuwyoT
xeli. da rom xeli Seewyos xarjebi aris saWiro da am zedmet xarjeb­
is dasafaravad saWiroa 72 aTasi man. warmoebis gasafarToeblad saW­
iroa dazgebi – xis saqsovi da sx. danarCeni 4 milioni saWiroa Zafi­
sa da matylis SesaZenad. Tu exlave ar SeiZines, yovlad SeuZlebeli
iqneba Semdeg SeZena. es Seadgens sul 5 milions. am gvarad dargi rom
SeaerToT miiRebT 43 milions.
Tqven ukve mixvdebiT, rom didi nawili am xarjisa gaRebuli gax­
lavT da dafaruli im Semosavlidan, romelsac aZlevs mamulebi, ro­
melic arian miwad-moqmedebis saministros xelSi.
es gaxlavT ganxiluli saf. saministros mier, iq daeswro finansTa
uwyebis warmomadgeneli, miwad-moqmedebis saministros meTauri. sa­
biujeto komisiam moandoma amas karga didi dro, awon-dawona yovel
mxriv, scno, rom dakmayofileba am xarjisa saWiroa, xolo komisiaSi
iyo gamoTqmuli azri, rom saxelmwifos unda hqondes Tavisi kasa, To­
rem uxerxulia calke dekretiT iqnas gaRebuli SemTxvevisaTvis saW­
iro Tanxao. saWiroa daarsdes erTi kasa da Tu rame saWiroeba eqneba
miwad-moqmedebis saministros avansis saxiT gaitanos da daxarjos.
magram es sakiTxi ar gaxldaT gadawyvetili sabolood, amitom TviT
finansTa uwyebis warmomadgenelma gamosTqva azri, rom miwad-moq­
medebis saministros daqvemdebareba saerTo kasasTan SeuZlebelia
imitom, rom aris iseTi dargi, romlis dasakmayofileblad saWiroa
hqondes erTgvari Tanxa Tavis gankargulebaSio.
dasasrul saf.-sabiujeto komisiaSi gamoiTqva is azri, rom sab­
olood am sakiTxis gadasawyvetad calke sxdomebi iyos daniSnuli.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis xom aravin inebebs sit­
yvas? sityvis msurveli aravinaa. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze.
(dekreti muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg Cveulebrivi wesiT miRebul
iqmna damf. krebis mier da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias.
Semdegi sakiTxi aris:

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 „dekreti – darialis sanapiro razmTan arsebul or saartilerio
mwyobris droebiTi Statis damtkicebisa“. sazogadoebas vsTxov dar­
bazi daicalos, vinaidan sakiTxi samxedro saqmes Seexeba.
(sakiTxi ganxilul iqna daxurul karebSi).
Tavmjdomare. winadadebaa Semosuli social-demokratiul fraq­
ci­isagan, rom Semdegi sxdoma dainiSnos TerTmeti maisisaTvis diliT
samSabaTs. Tu damfuZnebeli kreba amas daadasturebs, maSin SekiTxve­
bi romlebic unda yofiliyo paraskevs, gadaideba samSabaTamde. vis
surs sityva amis Sesaxeb? sityva aravis surs.
mdivani. (kiTxulobs Semdegi krebis dRiur wesrigs).
Tavmjdomare. cnobisaTvis unda mogaxsenoT, rom am saRamos 8 saa­
Tze prezidiumis kabinetSi moxdeba SeerTebuli sxdoma fraqciaTa
warmomadgenlebisa, prezidiumisa da sapropagando komisiisa.
kreba daixura 2 saaTze.

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 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

meTeqvsmete sxdoma

(16)

1920 weli. maisis 11. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. saboloo teqstebi.
2. dekreti – erobebisaTvis 100 mil. man. sesxis micemis Sesaxeb.
3. dekreti – q. quTaisis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis 6.000.000 man. mi­
cemis Sesaxeb.
4. gareSe-saqmeTa ministris gegeWkoris gancxadeba.
5. saboloo teqstebi.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris amxanagi

s. mdivani.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivnis amx. qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
prezidiumSi aris k. jafariZe.
sxdoma iwyeba SuadRis 12 s. da 35 wuT.
Tavmjdomare. sxdoma gaxsnili gaxlavT. mdivani mogaxsenebT dRi­
ur wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs):

dRis wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – tfilisis mixeilis saavadmyo­

fosTan arsebuli suliT avadmyofTa TavSesafris Statis damatebisa.
momxsenebelia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
2. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – miwad-moqmedebis saministrosaT­
vis 43.701.848 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb sameurneo saoperacio xarjebis
dasafaravad. momxsenebelia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.

317
 3. saboloo teqsti kanonisa – uWkuosi da Wkuaze SeSlilis Semow­
mebis wesis Secvlis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
4. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – darialis sanapiro razmTan ar­
sebul ori saartilerio mwyobris droebiTi Statis damtkicebisa.
momxsenebelia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
5. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – gareSe-saqmeTa
saministros kancelariis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis
Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia jafariZe.
6. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – foTis sakaran­
tino, soxumis sazRvao saeqimo da sanainis sanapiro saeqimo sameT­
valyuro sadguris Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
momxsenebelia vas. cabaZe.
7. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – mkvidrTagan mi­
tovebul yofil saxazino miwebis saxelmwifo fondSi gadasvlis Ses­
axeb. momxsenebelia sv. axmetelaSvili.
8. dekreti – saxelmwifo miwebze madnis kvleva-Ziebisa da da­
muSavebisaTvis gacemul mowmobebisa, miCenis aqtisa da xelSekrule­
baTa gauqmebisa. momxsenebelia m. rusia da k. niniZe.
9. dekreti – agrarul reformasTan dakavSirebul davisa da sa­
Civris ganxilvis wesisa. momxsenebelia k. niniZe.
10. SekiTxva damfuZnebeli krebis wevris gr. veSapelis mTavro­
bisadmi – tyis kanonis Seusruleblobis Sesaxeb.
11. SekiTxva soc.-federalistTa fraqciisa Sinagan-saqmeTa minis­
trisadmi – afTiaqebSi momuSaveTa profesionalur kavSiris krebaze
gansakuTrebuli razmis agentis saidumlod daswrebis Sesaxeb.
Tavmjdomare. dRiur wesrigis Sesaxeb gaxlavT winadadeba, rom
dekreti saxelmwifo miwaze madnis kvleva Ziebisa da damuSavebisaT­
vis gacemul mowmobebisa, miCenis aqtisa da xelSekrulebaTa gauqme­
bisa dRiur wesrigidan iqnes moxsnili. vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom es
dekreti dRiur-wesrigidan moxsnil iqnas? aravin. maSasadame mox­
snilia.
Semdeg gaxlavT: socialist-federalistTa fraqciis gancxade­
ba, rom SekiTxva afTiaqebSi mosamsaxureTa profesionalur kavSiris
krebaze gansakuTrebuli razmis agentis saidumloT daswrebis Sesax­
eb, moxsnil iqnas dRevandel pirobebisa gamo. vin aris winaaRmdegi?
aravin. maSasadame SekiTxva moxsnilia. Semdeg gaxlavT: Suamdgomloba
sabiujeto da TviTmmarTvelobis komisiis, rom dRiur wes-rigSi Set­
anil iqnas 5 da 6 sakiTxad dekreti erobaTaTvis 100.000 maneTis sesxis
micemis Sesaxeb. da kidev meore dekreti qalaq quTaisis TviTmmarTve­
lobisaTvis 6.000.000 man. sesxis micemis Sesaxeb.
Cven Cveuleba gvaqvs, rom komisiebs, damfuZnebel krebis wevrT
TviT SeuZliaT dRiur wesrigSi axali dekreti Semoitanon. Tu wi­
naaRmdegi aravin aris es dekreti Setanil iqneba dRiur wesrigSi. wi­
naaRmdegi aravin aris. maSasadame Setanili iqneba.

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 saboloo teqstebis moxsenebisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis qr. SaraSiZis
asuls.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli. (kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigSi moTavsebul 1,
2, 3 da 4 sakanonmdeblo aqtebis saboloo teqstebs, romelTac dam­
fuZnebeli kreba Seusworebliv amtkicebs).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxi gaxlavT: „dekreti mTavrobis gan­
kargulebaSi 100 mil. man. gadadebisa respublikis erobebisa da TviT­
mmarTvelobebisaTvis sesxis micemisaTvis“. sityva ekuTvnis momxseneb­
els d. oniaSvils.

1. dekreti mTavrobis gankargulebaSi 100.000.000 man.

gadadebisa erobebisaTvis sesxis misacemad.

d. oniaSvili. (s.-d.) Tqven mogexsenebaT batonebo, rom erobebs

saqarTveloSi dRidan daarsebisa mravali dabrkoleba gadaeRo­
ba win da erTi udidesi dabrkoleba is gaxlavT, rom Cveni erobebi
dRemde nivTierad unugeSo mdgomareobaSi imyofebian. mizezi amisa
mdgomareobs imaSi, rom dRemde erobebs ara aqvT sabiujeto uflebe­
bi kanonmdeblobis wesiT SemuSavebuli da gatarebuli. ueWvelia, es
saqme Zalian male iqneba gakeTebuli da miRebuli damfuZnebel kreba­
Si. magram dRemde es mudmivi wyaro Semosavlisa erobebs ar gaaCndaT,
miuxedavad imisa, rom erobebis gankargulebaSi gadadebulia sasko­
lo ganyofilebisa da sxva krediti. magram es krediti ise mcirea im
xarjebis dasafaravad, romelic erobebs sWiria normalur muSaobi­
saTvis, rom eroba iZulebulia dro-gamoSvebiT mimarTos damfuZneb­
el krebas da mTavrobas, rom gaiRon sesxis esa Tu is Tanxa.
sxvaTa Soris, amas winad Sesdga erobaTa warmomadgenlebis yri­
loba da am yrilobam gamarTa msjeloba imis Sesaxeb Tu ra Semosavlis
wyaro unda iqnas gamonaxuli erobisaTvis. da wyaros SeqmnisaTvis
dasaxelebuli iyo ramdenime saSualeba. sxvaTa Soris, erobaTa warmo­
madgenlebis yrilobam gamosTqva survili, rom mTeli miwis gadasaxa­
di gadaeces erobebs da Semdeg gadaidos procentuli gadasaxadi yve­
la im warmoebidan, romlebic imyofebian ama Tu im mazris farglebSi
da romelTac kavSiri aqvs erobebTan. garda amisa, gacemuli miwebidan
unda gadaeces erobebs 40 proc., saxelmwifo safondo miwebis 20 proc.
magaram es momavlis, saxvalio saqmea, da jerjerobiT erobebis mdgo­
mareoba iseTia, rom xarjebi Tavisas ar iSlian da aucileblad unda
dakmayofilebuli iqnan. amitom erobebma gadaswyvites, rom miemarTa
Sinagan-saqmeTa saministrosaTvis SuamdgomlobiT, sadac aRniSnu­
lia, rom erobebs unda mieceT 100 mil. maneTis uprocento sesxi. es
didi Tanxaa, erTis SexedviT, magram Tu mxedvelobaSi miviRebT im un­
ugeSo mdgomareobas, romelSiac arian erobebi, maSin davrwmundebiT,
rom es Tanxa arc ise didia.

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 amas garda, amas kidev zed daerTo erTi garemoeba: dRes saqarT­
velos respublika samxedro mdgomareobaSi aris da Tav-dacvis saqme
gvikarnaxebs, rom angariSi gauwioT erobebs, rom maT normalurad
imuSaon, pirnaTlad Seasrulon Tvisi movaleoba da emsaxuron Tav-
dacvis saqmis – zurgis gamagrebas. amasac Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi,
miT ufro saWiroa mxari dauWiroT sesxs. amis Sesaxeb finansTa minis­
trisa da saxelmwifo kontrolioris daskvna dadebiTi aris. agreTve
aris mTavrobis dadgenileba, sadac naTqvamia kategoriulad; mieces
uprocento sesxad 100 mil. maneTio. aseTia mTavrobis, finansTa minis­
tris da kontrolioris daskvna am sesxis Sesaxeb. sabiujeto komisia­
mac miiRo erTxmad es dekreti da amasTanave cnobad unda mogaxsenoT,
rom sabiujeto komisiaSi Sevida TiTqmis aseTive dekreti qalaqis
sasargeblod sesxis gacemisa. mxolod cifri naklebia, magram dRes
amaze ar gveqneba laparaki, radgan igi droebiT moxsnilia. ueWvelia
momavalSi Semova es dekreti qalaqisaTvis sesxis gacemisa. jer-jero­
biT gTxovT moisminoT es dekreti da daakmayofiloT is Suamdgomlo­
ba, romelic gamoitana sabiujeto komisiam.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisTvis? aravis. vin
aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? aravin. gTxovT waikiTxoT.
d. oniaSvili. (kiTxulobs 1, 2, 3, da 4 muxlebs) kreba yvela muxlebs
iRebs.
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxi gaxlavT (kiTxulobs) sityva ekuT­
vnis momxsnebel meliton rusias.

2. dekreti qalaq quTaisis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis

6 milion maneTis sesxis micemis Sesaxeb.

m. rusia. (s.-d.) yvela Tqvengans moexseneba is gaWirvebuli finansiu­

ri mdgomareoba, romelsac ganicdis respublikis qalaqebi da erobebi.
sabiujeto ufleba, romelzedac laparaki maqvs, TiTqmis igivea, rac
Zveli reJimis dros – gasavali da xarji ki metia, vidre Zvelad iyo.
Tumca kerenskis mTavrobam Seaswora TviTmmarTvelobis da qalaqebis
sabiujeto ufleba, magram saerTo mdgomareoba igive darCa. kerZod
qalaqi quTaisi aris dRevandel pirobebiT Zalian gaWirvebul mdgo­
mareobaSi. misTvis aucilebeli aris mimdinare xarjebis dasafaravad
isesxos 6 mil. maneTi. davalianeba quTaisisa Zalian cotaa. im uwindel
sesxidan, romelic misca damfuZnebel krebam darCa sul 7 mil. man. Cven
viciT, rom TviTon quTaisis TviTmmarTveloba mdidaria. mas aqvs sa­
kuTari adgilebi. mTavrobam ganixila es sakiTxi da neba darTo 6 mil.
man. sesxad aRebisa. TviTmmarTvelobis komisiam dawvrilebiT ganixi­
la quTaisis qalaqis TviTmmarTvelobis Suamdgomloba da im daskvnam­
de mivida, rom mieces qalaqs sami wlis vadiT sesxad 6 mil. maneTi, im
pirobebSi, rogorc es mTavrobis dadgenilebaSi aris aRniSnuli, mxo­

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lod erTi cvlileba Seitanes sabiujeto da safinanso komisiebma. es
cvlileba gaxlavT Semdegi: qalaqs sesxi miecema ara 5 proc., rogorc
mTavrobam daadgina, aramed 3 1/2 proc., e. i. im procentebiT, romlebic
amas wineT misca sesxi damfuZnebelma krebam qalaq tfiliss. sesxi iqne­
ba uzrunvelyofili mTeli qalaqis qonebiT da Setanili iqneba saval­
debulo xarjT-aRricxvaSi. gadaxdili iqneba sami wlis Semdeg.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekiTvnis safinanso-sabiujeto komisiis momx­
senebels oniaSvils.
d. oniaSvili. sabiujeto komisiam ganixila es dekreti da gaiTval­
iswina ra erTi mxriT qalaqis nivTieri gaWirveba da meore mxriT is,
rom sami wlis ganmavlobaSi SeuZlian misi ganaRdeba, miiRo igi.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva saerTo msjelobisaTvis? aravis. vin
aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? aravin. gTxovT waikiTxoT.
rusia. (kiTxulobs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 muxlebs. kreba ucvlelad
iRebs yvela muxlebs).
m. rusia. komisia Suamdgomlobs, rom am dekretis saboloo te­
qstebi dResve iqmnas miRebuli.
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxi gaxlavT (kiTxulobs) meore mux­
lobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa gareSe saqmeTa saministros
kancelariis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. sityva
ekuTvnis moxsenebels jafariZes.
jafariZe. (kiTxulobs kanon-proeqti muxlobrivad. kreba yvela
muxlebs ucvlelad iRebs).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxi gaxlavT (kiTxulobs) meore muxlo­
brivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa foTis sakarantino, soxumis sazRvao
saeqimo da sanainis sanapiro saeqimo sameTvalyureo sadgurebis Sta­
tisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. sityva ekuTvnis mom­
xsenebels vasil cabaZes.
v. cabaZe. (kiTxulobs muxlobrivad kanon-proeqts. kreba yvela
muxlebs ucvlelad iRebs).
Tavmjdomare. rigs gareSe gancxadebisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis ga­
reSe saqmeTa ministrs.

mTavrobis rigs gareSe gancxadeba.

evg. gegeWkori. ruseTsa da saqarTvelos Soris zavis xel­Sek­

ruleba daido. Tu es istoriuli aqti dRemdis ar moxda, Tqven iciT,
rom ara Cveni mizeziT. Tqven icnobT am miwer-moweras, romelsac ram­
denime Tvea Cven vawarmoebdiT moskovTan. iciT isic, Tu ra iyo is
safuZveli, romelzedac Cvenis azriT unda agebuliyo Cvens Soris
SeTanxmeba. Tu ruseTis exlandeli mTavroba ar uRalatebda im prin­
cipebs, romlebic man aRiara Tavis moqmedebis da politikis mTavar
gezad, mas ar SeeZlo uareyo saqarTvelosTan SeTanxmeba, vinaidan

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Cven moviTxovdiT aRiarebas mxolod imisas, rac Seadgens udavo
uflebas yvela erisas: misi TviT-gamorkvevis uflebas da am ufle­
baze aSenebuls saxelmwifos suverenobis cnobas. bolos da bolos
Cvenma samarTlianma saqmem gaimarjva da Cvenma cdam nayofi gamoiRo.
zavi ruseTTan xelmowerilia da mokle xanSi waredgineba damfuZneb­
el krebas saratifikaciod. dRes-dReobiT Cven SegviZlian gagacnoT,
moqalaqeno, umTavresi debulebani, romelzedac aSenebulia moskov­
is xelSekruleba (kiTxulobs xelSekrulebas. yovel muxlis wakiTxvas
damfuZnebeli kreba taSiT xvdeba).
aseTia, rogorc mogaxseneT, mTavari debulebani: TviT sruli
teqsti xelSekrulebisa warmodgenil iqneba calke. mxolod maSin
SegveZleba SevexoT mas savsebiT, davafasoT misi yovelmxrivi mniSvn­
eloba. exla ki me Cems Tavs vaZlev uflebas ganvacxado da Tqvens wi­
naSe, rom Cveni xalxisTvis dRevandeli dRe didi dRea. mas SeuZlian
gaixaros imiT, rom Cven SevZeliT am saerTo arev-darevis dros ga­
mogvenaxa saerTo ena ruseTis xalxTan. Cven yovelTvis im azrisa vi­
yaviT, rom arc warsuli Cveni urTierToba, rodesac qarTveli xalxi
ruseTis xalxTan erTad mowinave razmebSi ebrZoda saerTo mters da
arc awmyoSi Cveni masTan damokidebuleba, rodesac Cven ers isto­
riuli aucileblobiT mouxda ukeTes mermisisaTvis brZolaSi saku­
Tari gzis arCeva, ar aZlevda aravis nebas da saSualebas efiqrna, rom
Cven Soris samudamod gaTxrilia ufskruli, romelic unda amoivsos
erTmaneTis brZolaSi daxocil qarTvel-rusebis gvamebiT. Cven vamt­
kicebdiT da vamtkicebT, rom arc ruseTs da arc saqarTvelos, Tu
maTi mmarTveli wreebi Seigneben TavianT xalxis obieqtiur inter­
esebs, ara aqvT iseTi sadavo sakiTxebi, romelTa gadaWra SeuZlebeli
iyos morigebiT da Zmurad.
meore, rac umTavresia, erTxel kidev damtkicda, Tu ras hniSnavs
uryevi nebisyofa erisa, roca igi icavs Tavis wmidaTa wmidas, Tav­
isTavis gamgeblobas, suverenobas. Cvenma Tavdacvis samzadisma mogv­
ca Cven es zavi da mxolod masve SeuZlian misi cxovrebaSi gatareba.
Cven viciT Rirebuleba xelSekrulebisa: bolos da bolos yovelive
xelSekruleba, ragind kargi Sinaarsis ar unda iqnes igi, SesaZloa
faratina qaRaldad gadaiqces, Tu ki mas ar hyavs dauZinebeli daraji,
romelic yovel wamSi mzad iqneba iaraRiT xelSi daicvas is ufleba,
romelic man am xelSekrulebiT moipova. mTeli Sinaarsi Cveni poli­
tikisa swored aqeTken unda iyos mimarTuli, Zala-gamoleul, Cia
mopirdapires xelSekrulebiT ar ekvrian, mas umaspinZldebian ise,
rogorc es moxda azerbeijanSi. da Tu Cven ar gvinda azerbeijanis
bedi gvewvios, aSkaraa unda gavaorkecoT Cveni energia, gavamagroT
Cveni Sinauri da gareSe fronti, vecadoT savsebiT gamoviyenoT xalx­
is sasargeblod dadebuli xelSekruleba da mxolod maSin SeiZleba
is, rac sweria am istoriul dokumentSi realobad iqces da cxovre­
baSi gatardes. ar SemiZlian ar SevaCero Tqveni yuradReba imaze, rom

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azerbeijanis egreT wodebul socialistur da damoukidebel sinam­
dvileSi panislamisturma respublikam ukve daiwyo Cvens winaaRmdeg
samxedro moqmedebani. Cveni winadadeba, xeli aeRo mas am avantiuraze,
maTTvis miuRebeli darCa. aSkaraa, maT moskovis imediT undodaT
fons gasuliyvnen da TavianTi Savi Sovinisturi zraxvani gaesaRe­
binaT, magram, mgoni, aq mostyuvden da maisis 8-s zavi SemogvTavazes.
Cven maTTan molaparakebas mxolod maSin gavmarTavT, roca maTi bande­
bi Cvens sazRvrebs dastoveben. amisaTvis saTanado zomebia miRebuli.
vfiqrob, am gakveTilis Semdeg CalmebSi morTul faSebis agentebs,
baqos axlad gamoCekil komunistebs mada daekargeba ganimeoron Tavi­
anTi avantiura. (Zlieri taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis akaki Cxenkels.
akaki Cxenkeli (s.-d.) moqalaqeno! me guldasmiT movismine da
vfiqrob, rom Tqvenc yvelam moismineT is sayuradRebo gancxadeba, ro­
melic sagareo saqmeTa ministrma gaakeTa.
ra Tqma unda, TviT sakiTxi romelsac exeboda gancxadeba, jer ar
aris momwifebuli, rom gavarkvioT mTelis Tvisi sigrZe-siganiT. ro­
gorc mogaxsenaT sagareo-saqmeTa ministrma, Cven mogviva teqsti im
xelSekrulebisa, romelic moskovSi daudviaT da maSin gveqneba sa­
Sualeba safuZvlianad davafasoT, gavarCioT, avwon-davwonoT misi
deda azri da gavakeToT saTanado daskvna. magram vinaidan, erTis
mxriT, sagareo saqmeTa ministri Seexo sakiTxis zogierT mxares, da
meores mxriT, droc ar icdis, amitom meti ar iqneba ramodenime mo­
sazrebani Cvenc gamovTqvaT.
zavi, an ukeT, rom vTqvaT, morigeba ruseTisa da saqarTvelos So­
ris aris TavisTavad didi istoriuli movlena. es pirvelad xdeba mas
Semdeg, rac Cven ruseTs Cvenis nebayoflobiT SevuerTdiT. es aris
pirveli dokumenti saerTaSoriso xasiaTis, romelic daiwera ruseT­
sa da saqarTvelos Soris Cveni SeerTebis Semdeg.
data, romelsac xeli moaweres moskovSi xelSekrulebas, e. i. 8 maisi
1920 weli, me magonebs meore datas 24 ivliss, 1783 wels, rodesac xeli
moaweres Cvenma winaprebma ruseTis warmomadgenlebTan SeerTebis
xelSekrulebas. da data me magondeba ara imitom, TiTqos me mqondes
raime survili imisa, rom dRevandeli xelSekruleba iqces iseTnair
faratina qaRaldad, gareSe saqmeTa ministris sityvebi rom vixmaroT,
rogorc es mouvida winandel xelSekrulebas, romelic utifrad dar­
Rveul iqna ruseTis mTavrobis mier. da Tu mainc vigoneb amas, ufro im­
itom, rom xazi gausva erT garemoebas: maSinac Cven nebayoflobiT Seve­
yareT ruseTs da exlac nebayoflobiT gaveyareniT mas. amas aqvs didi
mniSvneloba, rogorc Cveni xalxisTvis, Cveni momavlisTvis, damou­
kideblobisaTvis, ise rusis xalxisTvis. ra Tqma unda, Cven Tvals ver
davxuWavT imis winaSe, rom Cveni nebayofloba gamowveuli iyo maSin
gareSe, Cvenze Zlier pirobebisgan, ise rogorc dRes moskovis mTavro­
bis nebayofloba gamowveulia gareSe, masze Zlier pirobebisgan.

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 roca Tqven mogaxsenes, rom ruseTis bolSevikuri mTavroba sxva
TvaliT uyurebda CvenTan keTilganwyobilebis damyarebas, maSin Sei­
Zleba sxva obieqturi pirobebi iyo da dRes ki sul sxva aris. maSa­
sadame, aris garemoeba, romelic aiZulebs ruseTs, ise rogorc gvai­
Zulebda Cven, saqarTvelos 1783 wels. me minda visurvo da vfiqrob,
rom es aris Tqveni survilic, rom is gareSe pirobebi, iqces Sinagan,
ase vsTqvaT, orsave xalxis organiul moTxovnilebad. me Rrmad dar­
wmunebuli var, rom saqarTvelos da ruseTs Soris mxolod maSin
damyardeba namdvili megobruli da keTili ganwyobileba, Tu es ori
saxelmwifo arsebobs paraleluraT, damoukideblaT erTi meorisa­
gan, Tu orive eri Tavisufalia da suverenuli, rogorc saxelmwifo.
moqalaqeno, me ar SemiZlia ar Sevexo im suliskveTebas, rome­
lic Seiqmna ruseTis farTo wreebSi Cveni damoukideblobis ga­
mocxadebis gamo. me ver daviviwyeb da arc SemiZlian daviviwyo is
samwuxaro movlena, rom ruseTis demokratiuli wreebi, TviT so­
cialisturic uaryofiT epyroboden Cvens damoukideblobas da
aqedan Ralatob­dnen im princips, romelic ruseTis revoliuciam
Tavis droSaze daawera: eris gamorkvevis princips.
me ar vfiqrob, rom amiT moigo ruseTma, rusis xalxis saqmem, rom
misi mowinave demokratia ver dadga momentis simaRleze, ver daic­
va revoliuciis erT-erTi principi. ra Tqma unda, iyo gamonaklisic,
magram es gamonaklisi, rogorc yovelTvis, adasturebs saerTo wess,
da es saerTo wesi-ki iyo is, rom rogorc aq, ise dasavleT evropa­
Si, gansakuTrebiT dasavleT evropaSi ruseTis moazrovne demokra­
tia, misi mowinave socialisturi wreebi daujerebeli sisastikiT
ekveTebodnen Cvens damoukideblobasa da Tavisuflebas. me ver vi­
tyvi, rom amiT sargebloba moetanaT ruseTisaTvis, me mgonia, rom
Cvenc ver mogvitanes vneba, piriqiT, maT moaxdines Cveni sakiTxis
popularizacia dasavleT evropaSi. Cven Zalian cotad gvicnobdnen,
qarTul sakiTxs naklebad icnobdnen evropaSi, da Tu, bolos da bo­
los gaicnes is da kidec dainteresdnen miT, amaSi, Cemis azriT, mi­
uZRvis damsaxureba, sxvaTa Soris, swored im rusis demokratias da
socialistur wreebs, romelnic ebrZodnen Cvens damoukideblobas.
moqalaqeno! Cven ar gvaviwydeba da arasodes ar daviviwyebT
imas, rom saZirkveli Cveni damoukideblobisa da Tavisuflebisa
aris ruseTis revoliucia. revoliucia aris deda, man Soba Cveni da­
moukidebloba, Cveni Tavisufleba. miT ufro kmayofili varT Cven,
rom dRes ruseTis faqtiuri mTavroba scnobs Cvens damoukideblo­
bas, magram ufro didad kmayofilni viqnebodiT maSin, roca es azri,
saanbano samarTlianoba gaxdeba organiul Tvisebad TviT ruseTis
xalxisa, yvela wreebisa, ruseTis demokratiisa. Tqven gaxsovT, sul
ramodenime dRis win aq ar iyo iseTi deputati, iseTi Segnebuli mo­
qalaqe, romelsac ar SeemCnia erTi movlena: is, rom rodesac dad­
ga safrTxe CrdiloeTidan, roca bolSevikur Tavdasxmas velodiT,

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amas, warmoidgenT, sixaruliT egebeboda rusoba saqarTveloSi,
Cvens deda qalaqSi ganurCevlad rwmenisa, ganurCevlad mimar­
Tulebisa. Tqven SegeZloT dagenaxaT denikineli, bolSeviki, eseri,
social-demokrati, kadeti, oqtombristi, Zveli caristi, yvela es­
eni erTSi Tanaxmani iyvnen. imaSi, rom maT miaCndaT didaT sasixaru­
loT, rom bolSevikebis talRas gadaeleka Cveni samSoblo, moespo
Cveni damoukidebloba, Cveni Tavisufleba. am garemoebas Cven usaT­
uod angariSi unda gauwioT. Cven ar unda gvaviwydebodes is, rasac
sabWoTa telegramebSi vkiTxulobT, rom ruseTis omSi, samoqalaqoa
es Tu sagareo, ukve aqtiur monawileobas Rebuloben mefis gener­
lebi, romelTac me Zalian kargaT vicnob da Tqvenc, albaT, icnobT,
brusliovi, polivanovi da sxvebi, da romelTac TviT leninic mefis
generlebs eZaxis.
mSvidobianoba, zavi, keTili ganwyobileba ruseTsa da saqarTve­
los Soris aris CvenTvis iseTi udavo ram, rom masze SeCereba metia.
da Tu Cven dRes vkravT xelSekrulebas, es aris Cveni xalxis da misi
mTavrobis, misi damfuZnebeli krebis politikisa, da taqtikis gamar­
jveba, sxva araferi. Cven mudam moviTxovdiT keTil mezoblur gan­
wyobilebas ruseTTan, maSasadame es ar aris CvenTvis raime ara bune­
brivi, igi eTanxmeba mTels Cvens muSaobas, Cveni demokratiis sagmiro
brZolas. amas garda rogorc sTqva gareSe saqmeTa ministrma, Cvenma
nebis yofam Tavdacvis saqmeSi, Cvenma simtkicem, swored aman mogvca
is, razedac exla vlaparakobT – zavi ruseTTan. exla ibadeba sakiTxi,
rogoris TvaliT Sexedven Cveneburi bolSevikebi, e. i. saqarTvelos
moqalaqe bolSevikebi am zavs, sTvlian isini Tu ara Tavis Tavs val­
debulaT exla mainc SeaCeron TavianTi dauSvebeli, pirdapir auxs­
neli brZola, sastiki brZola Cveni Tavisuflebisa da damoukide­
blobis winaaRmdeg. moqalaqeno! me ara erTxel miTqvams, rom Tavis
Tavad es socialuri sakiTxi ar aris. socialur sakiTxSi Cven Segvi­
Zlian gavswioT ideuri brZola aqaur Tu gareSe bolSevikebTan, ese
vTqvaT, saerTaSoriso niadagze. Cven mivdivarT demokratiuli gziT
da mas ver gadauxvevT. maSasadame, principialuri gansxvaveba Cvensa
da bolSevikebs Soris, rCeba ZalaSi. magram es is ar aris, razedac
me mogaxsenebT. me maqvs saxeSi Cveneburi bolSevikebis sastiki brZo­
la respublikis, saqarTvelos damoukideblobis winaaRmdeg. brZola,
raic CemTvis auxsnelia, aranormaluri. me minaxavs bolSevikebi anu
komunistebi, spartakelebi dasavleT evropaSi, minaxavs sastiki brZo­
la, samwuxarod barikadebic, romlis orive mxareze idga muSaTa kla­
si da sisxls Rvrida. es samwuxaro, saSineli movlenaa. magram arsad
ar minaxavs, romelsame dids Tu patara saxelmwifoSi, dawinaurebul
saxelmwifoSi, komunistebi da spartakelebi ebrZodnen Tavis qveynis,
Tavis saxelmwifos damoukideblobas. es arsad ar minaxavs. es aris
ara normaluri movlena, aRmocenebuli dabal safexurian cxovrebis
niadagze, romelic miewereba ara imdenad ama Tu im pirovnebis Seu­

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gneblobas, ara moumzadeblobas, moumwifeblobas im sazogadoebis,
im saxelmwifosi, sadac mas aqvs adgili. bolSevizmi aris socialuri
sakiTxi, didaT mniSvnelovani evropaSi, is hyofs muSaTa klassac; ma­
gram bolSevizmi, uarmyofeli eris damoukideblobisa, ar arsebobs
da arc SeiZleba arsebobdes iq. da Tu mainc arseboben CvenSi aseTe­
bi, es didad samwuxaro movlena aris, vinaidan igi bRalavs ara mar­
to maT, aramed Cvenc, Cvens ersac, romelic Cvenis warmodgeniT kul­
turuli eria. kulturuli eris niadagze ki ar unda arsebobdes aseTi
ukulturo movlena Tavisi Tavis, Tavis individualobis uaryofa. ma­
Sasadame, Tu bolSevikebma awi mainc, roca sabWoTa mTavrobam icno
Cveni damoukidebloba, ar Sewyvites brZola Cveni damoukideblobis
winaaRmdeg, eg iqneba namdvili Ralati, da vinc Ralats Caidens, mas
unda moeqcen ise, rogorc mas eqcevian dawinaurebul qveynebSi.
moqalaqeno! me unda mivaqcio Tqveni yuradReba im garemoebas, rom
moskovis xelSekruleba bunebrivi Sedegia agreTve im saerTaSoriso
politikisa, romelic dRes aris ZalaSi. Tqven gaxsovT, rom saqarT­
velo, misi mTavroba Tavidanve acxadebda sajarod, aSkarad da yve­
lasaTvis gasagebad, rom mas miaCnia dasagmobad is politika, romel­
sac awarmoebden SeTanxmebis saxelmwifoebi droebiTi zavis Semdeg.
me saxeSi maqvs SeiaraRebuli Careva ruseTis saqmeebSi. gamarTlda
savsebiT is azri, romelsac Cven vicavdiT sajarod saerTaSoriso as­
parezzed, rom SeiaraRebuli Careva ruseTis saqmeebSi garda imisa,
rom sruliad usafuZvlo da usamarTlo aris is, moutans did vnebas
ara marto ruseTs, aramed TviT evropasac. me SemiZlian darwmunebiT
vsTqva: es politika rom ar ewarmoebinaT, dRes saerTaSoriso mSvido­
bianoba uzrunvelyofili iqneboda, damTavrebuli iqneboda is saqme,
romelic daiwyes omis Semdeg da romelic dResac daumTavrebelia,
e. i. msoflio zavi. dRes ki vimedovnebT, rom es politika Seicvala
im mxriT, rom ganzraxuli aqvT ruseTTan normaluri saerTaSoriso
damokidebuleba gaaban. Cven viciT ukve, rom SeTanxmebis saxelmwifoe­
bi, ama Tu im formiT awarmoeben molaparakebas moskovTan. maSasadame,
Cveni xelSekrulebac bunebrivi Sedegia im saerTaSoriso ganwyo­
bilebisa, romelic dRes arsebobs.
amasTanave ar SegviZlian ar aRvniSnoT is garemoeba, rom xe­
lSekruleba, moskovSi dadebuli, moaswavebs ruseTis mier Cvens iu­
ridiul cnobas. Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom Cven varT cnobili faqtiurad
e. i. de facto da ar varT cnobili iuridiulad sxva saxelmwifoebisagan,
Tu saxeSi ar miviReT marto Soreuli argentina. unda iTqvas swored
aSkarad, rom am mxriv ruseTma daarRvia, Tu gnebavT, is Cveuleba, ro­
melic icis saerTaSoriso istoriam. iuridiuli cnoba saxelmwifos
mier Tavisi yofili nawilisa xdeboda imis Semdeg, roca mas icnob­
den sxva saxelmwifoebi. Cvens SemTxvevaSi moxda pir-iqiT, Cven viqeniT
cnobili de iure im saxelmwifoebis mier, romelsac gamoveyaviT da ar
varT cnobili maTgan, visTanac ar viyaviT dakavSirebuli. es saxelm­

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wifoebi ver xedven, ar surdaT enaxaT rom Cveni saxelmwifo arsebobs,
ara Tu arsebobs, mas aqvs nebisyofac da Tan unari es nebisyofa re­
aluraT aCvenos rogorc mters, ise moyvares. maSasadame, Tu ruseTma
gvicno, amiT gaqra ukanaskneli dabrkoleba da imedi unda viqonioT,
SeTanxmebis saxelmwifoebi saTanado daskvnas gaakeTeben aqedan, ime­
di maqvs da darwmunebulic var srulad, rom es saxelmwifoebi gvic­
noben Cven iuridiulaT sul Cqara momavalSi. unda mogaxsenoT, rom
iuridiuli cnoba CvenTvis ar aris fetiSi. me vici saxelmwifoebi,
romlebic aTeul wlebis ganmavlobaSi ar yofilan cnobilni, magram
rogorc saxelmwifoebi, arsebobdnen. yovel SemTxvevaSi, Cven maSin
davafasebT cnobas, rodesac Tavis droze gvicnoben. da amitom visac
Cveni damoukideblobis mniSvneloba esmis, vinc afasebs CvenTan mego­
brul ganwyobilebas, is Tavis droze gaakeTebs Sesafer nabijs.
Cven gavigeT gareSe-saqmeTa ministrisagan, rom Cveni sruliad
udavo sakiTxi moskovsac udavod miuCnevia. baTomis sakiTxi iyo uda­
vo, amas axsna da ganmarteba ar esaWiroeba. me mesmis, da sarwmuno wy­
aroebidan mesmis, rom dRes baTomSi gabatonebuli saokupacio Zala
imiT abaTilebs Cvens uflebas baTomze, rom roca antantam iq fexi
Semodga, igi osmalos xelSi iyovo. CemTvis es sruliad gaugebaria.
amisTana dasabuTebas rom movyolodiT, maSin umaRles sabWos an antan­
tis umTavres saxelmwifoebs ingliss, safrangeTs, italias, rodesac
germania damarcxda da iZulebuli gaxda gasuliyo mis mier dakavebul
adgilebidan, magaliTad belgiaSi, serbiaSi, am qveynebisTvis unda
gaekeTebina okupacia da ar mieSvaT Tavisi patroni. es igive iqneboda,
magaliTad, rom belgiis qalaq antverpenisaTvis gaekeTebina okupa­
cia. me ukve vsTqvi da erTxel kidev vimeoreb, rom Cven viyaviT moka­
vSireTa wreSi da vinc uaryofs am xalas faqts, is scodavs rogorc
istoriis da samarTlis winaSe, ise erovnul uflebis winaSe. maSasa­
dame baTomi unda dagvibrundes Cven, rogorc belgielebs daubrun­
daT antverpeni. baTomi saqarTveloSi iyo 1914 w. TviT saqarTvelo
ruseTSi iyo da man didi msxverpli moitana ruseTis mokavSire in­
teresebisaTvis. maS baTomis dabruneba ubralo samarTlianobis da
saerTaSoriso Tavazianobis saqmea da es miT ufro unda iyos gasagebi
yvelasTvis axla, roca TviT ruseTi baTomsa da mis olqs saqarTvelos
teritoriis nawilad Tvlis da ase Seaqvs xelSekrulebaSi.
rasakvirvelia, Cven gaTvaliswinebuli gvaqvs mniSvneloba baTo­
misa ara marto CvenTvis, aramed mezoblebisaTvis, mTeli evropisaT­
vis. araerTxel gviTqvams, rom TviT Cvens interess Seadgens, rom
baTomma iTamaSos is roli, romelic mas aqvs dakisrebuli geografi­
ulad, rom is iyos kari evropisa da aziis Soris. maSasadame, ratom
unda ifiqron, rom baTomi am rols ar iTamaSebs maSin, roca Cvens xel­
Si gadmova. amis sabuTi aravisTvis ar migvicia.
roca baTomze vlaparakobT, uneblieT kiTxva gebadebaT baqoze.
swored am or wertils or zRvis Soris Cven did mniSvnelobas vaw­

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erT. Cven ar viviwyebT, rom amier-kavkasiaSi marto Cven ara varT, roca
saqarTvelos vicavT, Cven vicavT aderbeijans da somxeTsac masTan er­
Tad. sruliad gasagebia es, Tu viciT, rom amier-kavkasiis momavali,
misi ayvaveba, misi saxelmwifoebrivi ganmtkiceba da moqalaqeobrioba
bevrad aris damokidebuli imaze, gaxdeba Tu ara is im xidad da gzad,
romelic ase sainteresoa evropisaTvis, mTeli msofliosaTvis.
Tqven iciT, aderbeijanSi mdgomareoba Seicvala. me ar minda am
saganze SevCerde. minda mxolod SevekiTxo Cems Tavs, Tu gnebavT, Cvens
mTavrobasac, ras warmoadgens dRes azerbaijani? gareSe saqmeTa min­
istrma sTqva, rom aq aris egred wodebuli komunisturi mTavrobao.
es mTavroba, ra Tqma unda, ar aris komunisturi, is aris nacionalis­
turi. es marTalia, magram Cven gvainteresebs kiTxva, aris Tu ara es
respublika damoukidebeli. formalurad is TiTqo damoukidebelia.
Cven oficialur qaRaldebSi vkiTxulobT, rom azerbaijanis respub­
lika aris damoukidebelio. SeiZleba, mxolod is nabijebi, romelsac
sdgams azerbeijanis respublika an ukeT misi komunisturi mTavro­
ba, ar mowmobs amas. Tqven gaxsovT, moqalaqeno, misi pirveli nabiji
som­xeTis mimarT zangezuris da yarabaRis Sesaxeb. dResac, rogorc
ismis, baqoSi anatoliis sakiTxi yvelazed populiaruli sakiTxi
ariso. baqos miznaT aqvs dasaxuli komunistur azerbeijanis gaer­
Tianeba anatoliasTan. es ki SeuZlebeli aris erTi Tavisufali, da­
moukidebeli saxelmwifos mouspoblad. es aris somxeTi. es nabiji,
rogorc xedavT, sruliad ar mowmobs baqos mesveurTa komunizms.
meore mxriv, is, rac gviTxra Cvenma gareSe saqmeTa ministrma im
ambebis Sesaxeb, romelic xdeba Cvens aRmosavleTiT, sadac Cvens te­
ritoriul xeluxleblobas arRveven, ar mowmobs baqos komunistebis
loialobas. Cven ar SegviZlian erT wuTsac dauSvaT, rom saqarT­
velos damfuZnebel krebas surdes omi visTanme da gansakuTrebiT
mezobelTan. vinaidan omi mezobelTan yovelTvis Tavis Sedegebs
iqoniebs momavalSi. Cven sisxli ar gvwyuria ara marto demokrati­
uli mosazrebiT, aramed – saxelmwifoebrivi mosazrebiTac. magram
nabijebi iseTia gadadgmuli mezobelTa mier, rom mas saTanado pa­
suxi unda gaeces.
me sixaruls gamovsTqvam imis gamo, rom somxeTma alRo auRo Ta­
namedrove moments. rom man dainaxa baqos gadatrialebaSi sworeT
xifaTi Tavis arsebobisaTvis, magram unda vTqva, rom TviT Cvenma
simtkicem, Cvenma samxedro samzadisma, Cvenma seriozulma nebis-yo­
fam TavdacvisaTvis gaamagra antibalSevikuri poziciebi somxeTSi
da SeuZlebeli gaxda iq gadatrialeba.
Cven ar viciT Seignebs Tu ara azerbaijanis dRevandeli mTavro­
ba, ra saxifaTo gzas adgia is. Seignebs Tu ara is, rom is damoukide­
bloba, romelic mas Tavis droSaze dauweria da romlis Sesaxebac is
bevrs bWobs da laparakobs, es damoukidebloba aris swored damok­
idebuleba.

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 Tu aderbaijani damoukidebeli saxelmwifo aris, maSin gamodis,
rom Cven varT ase vTqvaT samxedro moqmedebaSi damoukidebel saxel­
mwifosTan, Tumc mezobelTan. Tu is damokidebuli saxelmwifo aris,
maSin unda gamoirkves sakiTxi, ra azrisa aris moskovi amis Sesaxeb.
Tu azerbaijani nawilia sabWoTa ruseTis, maSin is zavi, romelic
Cven Segvikravs, ar aris seriozuli. es sakiTxi ase vTqvaT unda ga­
moirkves.
da sanam aseTi ZiriTadi sakiTxi ar aris gamorkveuli, manam ra
Tqma unda, Cven gvmarTebs didi sifrTxile, didi gamWriaxoba, Cven
ar unda daviviwyoT arasodes, rom Cveni damoukideblobis uzrun­
velyofa aris damokidebuli Cveni eris, demokratiis SeiaraRebul
Zalebis sifxizleze.
saerTaSoriso mdgomareoba jer kidev ar aris gamorkveuli,
Tqven Zalian kargad iciT, rom jer kidev zavi ar aris Sekruli yve­
la saxelmwifoTa Soris. Tqven iciT, rom osmaleTs, Tu gazeTebs
daujerebT, dRes Caabareben sazavo pirobebs. Cven ar viciT, ra swe­
ria am sazavo pirobebSi, es Cven gvainteresebs didad, es ainteresebs
Cven mezobel saxelmwifoebsac – somxeTs da azerbaijans; ar viciT
ra gavlenas iqoniebs es zavi im centrze, romelic Seiqmna azrumSi,
ra ZalTaganwyobileba iqneba stambolsa da azrumis Soris; TviT
damokidebuleba evropis sxva da sxva saxelmwifoTa Soris ar aris
naTel CvenTvis. iwveven konferencias spaSi, romlisgan did Sedegebs
gamoelian.
da, ra Tqma unda am rTul, daxlarTul saerTaSoriso pirobeb­
Si Cvens saxelmwifos, Cvens respublikas gansakuTrebuli sifrTxile
hmarTebs. ar viciT saidan mogvelis xifaTi. samxreTidan ueWvelad.
aRmosavleTTan ukve gvaqvs saqme da garkveuli ar aris, am aRmosav­
leTSi urevia Tu ara CrdiloeTi. maSasadame mTeli Cveni gonebrivi,
mTeli Cveni zneobrivi da nivTieri Zala unda movikrifoT imisaT­
vis, rom Cveni respublikis damoukidebloba, misi Tavdacvis saqme
marTlac saR niadagze davayenoT. es aris Cveni uwmindesi movaleo­
ba, movaleoba demokratiisa, mTeli erisa, saqarTvelos xalxisa. ua­
misoT Cven ar SegviZlian vsTqvaT, rom Cveni momavali uzrunvely­
ofili aris. am gamourkvevlobis da ryevis dros es gansakuTrebiT
saWiro aris CvenTvis da amitom Cemi sityva minda gavaTavo am maRal
tribunidan mimarTviT, rogorc Cveni demokratiisadmi, erisadmi,
ise Cveni SeiaraRebul Zalebisadmi, Cveni sayvareli Svilebisadmi; me
minda gadavZaxo: jaris kacebo, gvardielebo, aficrebo! kargi zavi­
saTvis aucilebelia Tqveni mZlavri mklavi, Tqveni Tavdadeba, simam­
ace. Tqveni sayvareli samSoblo da misi pirmSo damf. kreba Rirseu­
lad daafasebs Tqven gmirul saqmes (xangrZlivi taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis krebis wevrs b. nucubiZes.
S. nucubiZe. (s.-f.) moqalaqeno, damfuZnebel krebis wevrno! Tum­
ca jer-jerobiT ar migviRia TviTon dedani xelSekrulebisa, magram

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is debulebani, romelnic Cven xelT aris, maT saerTo dafasebis sa­
Sualebas gvaZleven. aTiode dRis wined, moqalaqeno, qarTvelma erma
mtkiced gamoxata Tavis nebis yofis gadawyvetileba – damoukideblo­
bis dacvisa. 10 dRis ganmavlobaSi, qarTveli eri naTlad amtkicebda
gamzadebas amave Tav-dacvisaTvis. da Cven ukve vxedavT am SeerTebul
energiis Sedegs. es gaxlavT is, rom Zala, romelic Cveni samSoblos
sazRvrebisaken garkveuli gegmiT moemarTeboda da romlis saerTo
xasiaTi CvenTvis ara xelsayrelad iyo cnobili, dRes es Zala sruliad
garkveulad aRiarebs imas, rasac Cven pretenziis sagnad vacxadebdiT
da rasac Cven erovnul arsebobis aucilebel pirobad vaRiarebdiT.
aseTi aris Sedegi erTsulovnebisa, romlis politikuri gansaxiere­
ba iyo damfuZnebel krebis gancxadebaSi; am erTsulovnebam faqtiuri
ganxorcieleba imaSi gamoxata, rom qarTvelma xalxma aRfrTovanebiT
aiRo xelSi iaraRi. dRes, rodesac sakiTxi ruseTTan zavis Sesaxeb dam­
TavrebulaT unda CaiTvalos, Cven win xel-axlad ismeba sakiTxi imis
Sesaxeb, Tu ra pirobebis da mizezebis gamo davscildiT ruseTs da
ra pirobebSi SegviZlian Semdeg urTierTobis ganmtkiceba, vinaidan
faqti xelSekrulebis dadebisa, amis saSualebas gvaZlevs. Cveni daSo­
reba ruseTisagan ar iyo nakarnaxevi erovnuli siZulviliT. Cven amis
sabuTi arasodes ar migvicia da ra Tqma unda arc erT Zalas, romelic
Cven sawinaaRmdegoT da sakritikod gamodioda da Cvens damoukide­
blobis winaaRmdeg nabijebs sdgamda, arc erTxel ar moupovebia amis
maCvenebeli sabuTi. da is garemoeba romelic aRniSna mTavrobis Tavm­
jdomarem Tavis depeSaSi, rom mTeli qarTveli xalxi aRfrTovanebiT
Seegeba ruseTTan zavs, is sulieri kmayofileba, romelsac adgili
aqvs, utyuari maCvenebelia im garemoebisa, im utyuari faqtisa, rom
Cveni daSoreba ruseTisagan ar iyo dafuZnebuli erovnul SuRlze.
zoologiuri nacionalizmi ar iyo mizezi imisa, rom Cven TiTqos vis­
argebleT politikur koniunqturiT da moavxdineT ruseTis saxel­
mwifos farglebidan gamoyofa. cxadia is garemoebac, rom Cveni Ca­
moSoreba ruseTisagan ar iyo Sedegi politikuri gegmis, gzisa, da
programul sxvaobisa. es sakiTxi sruliad cxadad unda gadawydes da
erTxel da samudamod unda Semcdarad iqnas aRiarebuli is azri, is
Sexeduleba, rom TiTqos ruseTisgan Camocileba saqarTvelosi iyo
Sedegi im garemoebisa, rom saqarTvelo daadga erT politikur xazs
da ruseTi meores; rom iq iyo erTi forma politikuri ganviTarebisa,
vsTqvaT forma proletariatis diqtaturisa, sxvagvari socialuri
transformacia, – aq ki aris sxva forma, forma xalxosnuri, demokra­
tiuli wyobilebisa. es azri dRes, rodesac ruseTTan urTieroba ga­
morkveulia sabolood, Semcdarad unda iqnas CaTvlili da mTeli qa­
rTveli eris gasagonad unda iTqvas, rom es gamoyofa ar mogvixdenia
zoologiur nacionalizmis niadagze da arc politikur gezis, poli­
tikur xazis sxvaobisa gamo. es rom ase yofiliyo gana maSin aucile­
beli ar iqneba – Tu dadgeba iseTi dro, rodesac ruseTi daadgeba

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iseTive politikur xazs, romelsac vadgivarT Cven Tavidanve, maSin
unda daubrundeT Zvels mdgomareobas, SeukavSirdeT ruseTs da move­
mwyvdioT ruseTis saxelmwifos orbitaSi? araviTar SemTxvevaSi! da
me vfiqrob, rom mas Semdeg rac mTavrobis Tavmjdomarem sabolood
dasva sakiTxi Cveni eris im kulturul Taviseburebis Sesaxeb ilia mu­
romelisa da TeTri giorgis SedarebiT sabolood daswva ukan dasax­
evi gegmebi. am gancxadebis Semdeg Cven srulis simtkiciT da simS­
vidiT garkveulad unda vTqvaT, _ Sem­TxveviTi ar iyo is garemoeba,
rom qarTveli eri dascilda im Zvel gzas, rom mas ar hqonda marto
politikuri mizezebi da maSasadame arasodes ar Seiqmneba iseTi md­
gomareoba politikur programis TvalsazrisiT, rom amiT Cveni eris
damoukidebloba safrTxeSi CavayenoT. TavisTavad cxadia, rom aseTi
mdgomareoba ver Seiqmneba vinaidan mizezi ruseTisagan ganSorebisa
sul sxva gaxldaT.
ra Tqma unda Cven exla savsebiT ver gamovarkvevT am sakiTxs ru­
seTTan urTierTobisas. amis droc ar aris. magram erTi ram mainc unda
iTqvas: saxeldobr is, rom ruseTis revoliuciis msvlelobaSi ori
didi momenti TamaSobda gardamwyvet rols. es iyo momenti erovnuli
da socialuri.
ori damonavebuli jgufi lamobda uflebebis mopoebas da im Sec­
domebis gasworebas, romelTac adgili hqondaT istoriul warsulSi.
revoliuciis winamorbed xanaSi brZola Tavisuflebisa da Zalau­
flebis Sua, ukanasknelis gamarjvebiT Tavdeboda, da am procesSi Ta­
visuflebas hkargaven jer ufro mcire sociali Sejgufebani _ aseTia
klasi, Semdeg ufro rTuli _ aseTia eri. ruseTis revoliucia dasawy­
isi iyo axali istoriuli procesisa, rodesac Tavisuflebisaken unda
gadaxriliyo saswori. da winamorbed istoriuli xanis mimarT rea­
qciis procesis dros mTelis savsebiT, mTeli sinamdviliT gamoisaxa
is aucilebeli faqti, rom am or damonebaSi myof socialur Sejgufe­
baT unda moepoebinaT Tavisi uflebebi. es iyo eri da klasi. da ruse­
Tis revoliuciis Taviseburi buneba mdgomareobs imaSi, rom es ori
sakiTxi erTi meores gadaenaskva. ruseTis sinamdvileSi SeuZlebeli
gaxda iseTi gziT ganviTareba revoliuciisa, rogorc amas moiTxovda
es ori ZiriTadi sakiTxi: eri da klasi, rogorc forma socialur Se­
jgufebisa erTi meores gadaenaskva, erTi meores gadaeRoba. im poli­
tikur-saxelmwifoebrivma formam, romelsac warmoadgenda ruseTi,
rasakvirvelia, ver SesZlo am ori momentisaTvis Sesaferi kalapotis
gamonaxva da erTi meores daupirdapira es ori Zala; yo­vel SemTxveva­
Si erTnairad ver midioda maTi gadaWris saqme da daisva sakiTxi im
gvarad, rogorc amas moiTxovda istoriuli ganviTareba. aq, am Jamad
ar SegviZlian vrclad SevexoT am sakiTxs, magram unda vTqvaT, rom misi
politikuri mniSvneloba imaSia, rom Sereva socialuri da erovnuli
momentisa udidesi Secdoma iyo ruseTis revoliuciis mesveurebisa.
revoliucias unda daemsxvria im Zalmomreobis Senamoqmedi, romelic

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mas xelT hqonda erisa da klasis damonebiT, mxolod esec erTgvari
Sinagani TanmimdevrobiT unda momxdariyo: jer unda ganTavisufle­
buliyo eri, rogorc piroba klasis ganTavisuflebisa.
ase idga sakiTxi. magram amas ver auRes alRo ruseTis politikis
mesveurebma da aman gamoiRo is Sedegi, romelic Cven ukve viciT, aman
Seqmna is urTierToba saqarTvelosi ruseTisadmi, romelic gauge­
brobis Sedegi iyo da amitom didxans verc gagrZeldeboda, rogorc
naTeli gaxda yvelasaTvis is aucilebeli da elementaruli debuleba,
rom ar SeiZleba odesme socialurad Tavisuflebas eziaros igi, vinc
erovnulad damonebulia. marTalia, am ori momentis dacileba xe­
lovnuria, magram loRikurad mainc eris ganTavisufleba isaxeba Cvens
cnobierebaSi, rogorc aucilebeli piroba klasis gaTavisuflebisa.
ase daisva da gadawyda es sakiTxi CvenTvis. ai, swored am niadagze
daupirispirdiT ruseTs da ara zoologiuri nacionalizmis, mtro­
bis da kaciWamiobis niadagze, ara diqtaturis da demokratizmis
sakiTxis gansxvavebis niadagze.
eris uflebriv pretenziebs bolSevikebma dagvianebiT auRes
alRo da maT mier federalizmis principis aRiareba aucileblobi­
saTvis ulazaTo Segueba iyo da miT ar SeeZloT gadaeWraT erTi wu­
TiTac ki es sakiTxi erovnul da klasobriv erTeulebis bedis Sesaxeb.
maSasadame im zavs, romelic Cven gvaqvs, am TvalsazrisiT unda Sevxe­
doT da aravin unda ifiqros, rom klasobriv politikas SeeZlo Se­
eqmna is mdgomareoba, romlis Sedegi gaxda Cveni erovnuli frontis
dapirispireba ruseTisadmi. am sakiTxis gadaWris aucilebloba, ro­
melic erovnul droSiT iyo nakarnaxevi, winaswar gadawyvetili iyo
istoriuli aucileblobiT.
maSin bolSevikebi hfiqrobdnen, rom erTi miznisken svla SesaZle­
belia maSin, roca yvela erebi, romlebic ruseTis farglebSi scxov­
robdnen, darCebodnen imave farglebSi da saerTo gegmas miiRebdnen,
da amas Cven daupirdapireT bunebrivi da istoriuli aucilebloba,
daupirdapireT iseTi gegma, rom jer erebi unda ganTavisufldnen,
rogorc gansakuTrebuli forma socialuri cxovrebisa da mxolod
amis Semdeg SeiZleba daisvas sakiTxi socialur gardaqmnis Sesaxeb.
Cven iZulebuli viyaviT rogorc patara eri, sxva eris winaSe myofi,
ase movqceuliyaviT da momavali Cveni urTierToba ruseTTan amiTve
aris winaswar gadawyvetili.
Cveni mdgomareoba gvikarnaxebs TanxmobiT muSaobas yvela saxel­
mwifosTan da kerZod ruseTTan, ramdenad es TanxmobiTi muSaoba
saerTo miznisaken iqneba mimarTuli, amaSia mniSvneloba im zavisa,
romelic Cven gvaqvs. da amis Semdegi unda iyos Tanxmoblivi muSao­
ba ruseTTan, imdenad, ramdenadac es iqneba mimarTuli sakacobrio
miznebisaken, kulturisaken, socialur Semoqmedebisaken.
magram am sakiTxs, moqalaqeno, damfuZnebel krebis wevrno, ro­
melic Cven win dadga, aqvs meore mxare, saxeldobr, am zavis sakiTxs

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ukavSirdeba is ZiriTadi sakiTxi Cveni urTierTobis gamorkvevi­
sa im maxlobel mezoblebTan da im droebiT ZalebTan romelTa max­
loblad imyofeba esa Tu is nawili Cveni teritoriisa. rac Seexeba
pirvel sakiTxs, unda vsTqvaT, Cven mowameni varT im garemoebisa, rom
amier-kavkasiis erTerTma saxelmwifom ifiqra _ mas garedan Zala mis­
cems saSualebas Sehqmnas aq, amier-kavkasiaSi, TavisTvis xelsayreli
pirobebi da miT moipovos SesaZlebloba mezobel erebze gabatonebi­
sa. es aris azerbaijani. da am zavma, romelic ruseTTan gvaqvs, unda
naTelyos azerbaijanis angariSis Secdoma. Cven ar viciT rogori
urTierToba arsebobs ruseTsa da azerbaijanis Soris. yovel SemTx­
vevaSi Cven did sakiTxTan gvaqvs saqme. Cven vekvrebiT ruseTs zaviT,
uked rom vTqvaT, ruseTi TiTon gvekvreba zaviT da amave dros, meo­
res mxriT, Cven gvebrZvis ruseTis saxelmwifos nawili, damoukidebe­
li azerbaijani. me, ra Tqma unda ar Seudgebi am sakiTxis gamorkvevas,
vinaidan is Znelia da SeiZleba verc gavigoT is Sinauri viTareba, ro­
melic dRes aris maT Soris. yovel SemTxvevaSi me vfiqrob, rom azer­
baijanis sakeTildReod araferi keTdeba. gaugebaria zavi, romelsac
hkravs CvenTan ruseTi da is brZola, romelsac meores mxriT awar­
moebs Cvens winaaRmdeg misi mokavSire azerbaijani. aq raRac sxva ram
aris. amas SeiZleba mohyves iseTi Sedegi romelic sruliad ar hqonda
gaTvaliswinebuli azerbaijans.
magram, moqalaqeno, me minda mivaqcio Tqveni yuradReba meore
mxares sakiTxisas, saxeldobr imas, rom Cven amieridan mowodebulni
varT gamovarkvioT Cveni mdgomareoba amier-kavkasiaSi im mxriv, rom
arasodes momavalSi, ramdenadac SesaZlebelia, ar Seiqmnas iseTi md­
gomareoba, rom Cveni mezobeli saxelmwifo ucdides gareSe Zalis
SemoWras da amiT CvenTvis hqmnides saxifaTo mdgomareobas. ra Tqma
unda ramdenad es damokidebulia saerTaSoriso ZalTa Widilze Cven
ver SevscvliT saerTo mdgomareobas, magram vinaidan dRes wesrigSi
sdgas es sakiTxi, aucilebelia misi Segnebuli Sefaseba. saqarTvelos
demokratiulma respublikam unda SesZlos iseTi mdgomareobis Seqm­
na, rom momavalSi faqtiurad, fizikurad mainc amier-kavkasiaSi arc
erT ers ar SeeZlos Caayenos igi moulodnels mdgomareobaSi, myisve
rogorc amier-kavkasiis sazRvrebs gareSe Zala dauaxlovdeba.
Cvens cnobierebaSi isaxeba amier-kavkasiis erTa Soris bunebriv
sazRvrebis damyareba aseT moulodnel ubedurebis asacileblad. Tu
saqarTvelom dRes ver iswavla Tu ver gamoarkvia mdgomareoba da ar
gamoiyvana Sesaferi daskvna, Cven ar viqnebiT uzrunvelyofilni, rom
mezoblebi ar gaimeoreben iseT rames, rac Caidina dRes azerbaijanma,
rodesac ki gareSe Zala mouaxlovdeba amier-kavkasiis sazRvrebs. es
erTi daskvna, romelic unda gamoviyenoT.
ukanasknel sakiTxis Sesaxeb, moqalaqeno, damfuZnebeli krebis
wevrno, me minda mogaxsenoT Semdegi: baTomis da misi olqis sakiTxi
sruliad gamourkvevelia am zavis TvalsazrisiT. marTalia, rogorc

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gareSe saqmeTa ministrma ganacxada, bolSevikebma es olqi Cven mog­
vakuTvnes, magram mogexsenebaT, rom iq iseTi faqtiuri mdgomareo­
baa, romelic ar gvaZlevs saSualebas, rom am xelSekrulebas dResve,
dauyovnebliv realizacia uyoT. CvenTvis gaurkvevelia damoki­de­
buleba inglissa da bolSevikebis Soris. Cven am SemTxvevaSi iseTi
sakiTxis winaSe vdgevarT, romlis gamorkvevac Znelia. saboloo
­msjavris dadebisaTvis SeiZleba sakmao masala ar gvqondes, magram
yovelSemTxvevaSi, CvenTvis erTi ram cxadi unda iyos, rom inglisi
ruseTTan Cven mier zavis dadebas angariSs uwevs ara dadebiTis, ara­
med uaryofiTis mxriv.
inglisi Semodis axali ZalebiT baTomSi da iq sdgams iseT nabi­
jebs, romlebiTac unda moaxdinos iseTi STabeWdileba, TiTqos ebrZ­
vis iseT Zalebs, romlebic anarqias hqmnian. me ver vityvi gadaWriT,
Tu ingliss marTla ramdenad garkveuli mizani aqvs, roca iWers bol­
Sevikebs da hgzavnis sxva da sxva kunZulebze magram vfiqrobT, rom
ingliss hsurs moaxdinos erTgvari STabeWdileba, rom igi ebrZvis
anarqias, romelTanac brZola hqmnis erTgvar sababs imis Zalebis iq
darCenisa, da meores mxriv mas hsurs evropaSi Sehqmnas iseTi STabe­
Wdileba, rom saqarTvelom ver SesZlo am Zalebis alagmva. rom Tu es
nabiji aseTi mosazrebiT aris gamowveuli, qarTvelma erma da misma
damfuZnebelma krebam, sruliad garkveviT unda sTqvas, rom Tu es
aris sababi gareSe Zalebis baTomSi yofnisa, _ es ar warmoadgens im
uaryofiT instancias, romelic ar aZlevdes uflebas saqarTvelos
baTomis olqSi Sesvlisas. saqarTvelo moaxerxebda Tavis sakuTar Za­
lebiT iseT wesrigis damyarebas, rogorc SesZlo mis faqtiur mflo­
belobaSi myof teritoriaze da araviTari gareSe Zala, ar iqneboda
saWiro, rom aTiode bolSeviki baTomidan yofiliyvnen gayvanili,
romelTa gadasaxleba inglisma did samsaxurad CasTvala. da Cven am
maRal tribunidan sajarod unda vsTqvaT, rom baToms da mis mxares
sakuTari ZalebiT mouvliT.
garda amisa aris mTeli rigi iseT sakiTxebisa, romelTac gaur­
kvevlobis ieri Tan sdevs da amdenadve, saubedurod moklebulni
varT saSualebas garkveuli msjeloba viqonioT im xel-Sekrulebis
Sesaxeb, romelic daido ruseTTan. am xelSekrulebis erT debulebas
mainc didi mniSvneloba aqvs. es mniSvneloba, moqlaqeno, imaSi mdgo­
mareobs, rom Cven sajarod SegviZlian yvelas vaCvenoT, saqmiT da ara
sityviT, rom yoveli Zala romelic CvenTan mova samSvidobo mizniT,
romlis ganzraxvaSi ar Sedis Cveni damoneba, aseT Zalas Cven xels
gauwvdiT, da Cven masTan keTilmezoblur urTierTobis xelSekrule­
bas davsdebT.
magram, Tu iqneba iseTi romelic ar moisurvebs aseT mSvidobian
mizniT mosvlas Cven sazRvrebTan, maSin mas Cven gadaWriT vetyviT:
Cven mzad varT rogorc mSvidobianobisaTvis, ise omisaTvis, Cven mTel
energias mivitanT am omis RmerTis samsxverploze, romelic agirCev­

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iaT erTad-erT msajulad Cveni da Tqvens Soris sadao sakiTxis gada­
sawyvetad. (taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. giorgi gvazavas.
g. gvazava. (er.-d.) batonebo! dRevandeli dRe aris SesaniSnavi
dRe. me minda qarTvel ers miuloco is gamarjveba, is xelSekruleba,
romelic dadebulia moskovSi Cvensa da ruseTs Soris. es aris Cveni
erovnuli gamarjveba. minda mivaqcio yuradReba imas, rom TiTqmis
rva saukunis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelo ar iyo gaerTianebuli ise,
rogorc dRes da erT saukunezed metia rac saqarTvelo daiSala,
rogorc damoukidebeli saxelmwifo. exla ki Cven SevekariT ruseTs
xelSekrulebiT. es xelSekruleba aris saerTaSoriso xasiaTisa. amas
aqvs didi gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba. swored am mxares minda miva­
qcio Tqveni yuradReba. ruseTi rom iseTi saxelmwifo yofiliyo, ro­
goric aris patara, axlad Sobili saxelmwifoebi, rogorc magaliTad
somxeTi da azerbaijani, Tavis Tavad cxadia, am xelSekrulebas, maT
cnobas araviTari mniSvneloba ar eqneboda. exlac amboben, rom bolSe­
vikur ruseTis cnoba TiTqos ar aris mniSvnelovani, imitom, rom Tvi­
Ton bolSevikebi ar arian cnobilni, rogorc mTavroba. iuridiulad
es azri marTalia, magram Tu mivaqcevT yuradRebas imas, rom dRevan­
deli ruseTi ganagebs im ruseTs, romelsac ekuTvnis Zala-ufleba,
„imperium“, da romelic saqarTvelozedac vrceldeboda, maSin aseT
xelSekrulebas aqvs uudidesi mniSvneloba. saqme imaSia, rom saqarT­
velom dakarga Tavisi damoukidebloba. ruseTi 117 wlis ganmavloba­
Si ara scnobda Cvens suverenobas da exlandeli ruseTi iZulebuli
gaxda ecno Cveni damoukidebloba, suverenoba da acxadebs, rom igi
xels iRebs „imperium“-zed, e. i. uumaRles brZanebulobazed. ruseTma
gaatara is xazi, romelic moskovSi dadebul xelSekrulebaSi gvaqvs
Cven exla gatarebuli. am xelSekrulebas aqvs uaRresi mniSvneloba
saerTaSoriso uflebaSi. Cven aseT xelSekrulebas gamoviyenebT. wa­
viRebT evropaSi, warudgenT iq, sadac wesi da rigi moiTxovs da Ta­
vis Tavad cxadia, ar gamoCndeba iseTi qveyana, romelic gamoacxadebs
davas saqarTvelos teritoriaze, an mis ama Tu im nawilze.
Tu ruseTma aiRo xeli „imperium“-ze, uumaRles mmarTvelobaze
Tavis Tavad cxadia, ar gaCndeba saxelmwifo, romelic ganacxadebs,
rom es Tu is nawili saxelmwifo teritoriisa Cemi ariso. amnai­
rad es sakiTxi saqarTvelos iuridiuli cnobiT, Cveni iuridiuli
uflebis miReba winaswar swydeba, romelsac aqvs didi saerTaSori­
so mniSvneloba.
aq b. Cxenkelma brZana, rom CemTvis sazogadod, da gansakuTrebiT
am SemTxvevaSi, saerTaSoriso iuridiuli cnoba ar aris fetiSio,
da amis damamtkicebeli magaliTi moiyvana. amaSi mas me srulebiT
ar veTanxmebi. SeiZleba arsebobs saxelmwifoebi, romelnic ar arian
cnobilni rogorc iuridiuli pirovneba. aseTi magaliTebi yofila,
magram Zvelad. CvenTvis axla iuridiuli cnoba, aucilebel saWiroe­

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bas warmoadgens, imitom, rom uamisod gadaWra Cveni ekonomikuri da
finansiuri cxovrebisa yovlad SeuZlebelia. maSin rodesac amerika
ar iyo cnobili inglisis mier, maSin iseTi mniSvneloba ar hqonda,
rogorc dRes aqvs uflebriv cnobas. maSin yvela saxelmwifos hqon­
da gasaqani da saSualeba miemarTa sxva saxelmwifoebisaTvis da Ta­
visi saqmeebi moewyo. imitom rom mTeli qveyniereba ar iyo ekonomi­
urad ise dacemuli, rogorc aris dRes. da dRes iseTi mdgomareoba
aris mTels evropaSi, rom Sinaur saqmeebis mogvareba, ekonomiur da
finansiur mdgomareobis mowyoba, maSin rodesac Tqven cnobili ara
xarT uflebrivad, yovlad SeuZlebelia. fuls aravin mogcemT da
Tu mogcemen, mogTxoven ekvivalents, gacvla-gamocvlas. amitom ex­
landel iuridiul cnobas aqvs gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba da rac
ufro adre iqneba saqarTvelo aRiarebuli iuridiulad, CvenTvis es
miT ukeTesia. da swored am mxriv aqvs didi mniSvneloba bolSevikebis
mier iuridiulad cnobas. imitom rom ar iqneba arc erTi saxelmwifo
deda-miwis zurgze, romelic ar gauwevs angariSs bolSevikur cnobas
e. i. ruseTis mier saqarTvelos cnobas.
am 117 wlis wineT, rodesac saqarTvelom Sehkra xelSekruleba
ruseTTan, maSin am xelSekrulebiT, ruseTma gamoacxada uumaRlesi
„imperium“ mis ufleba qarTvel xalxze. magram exla ruseTi xels iRebs
am uflebebze da maT saqarTvelos ubrunebs. maSasadame exla saqarTve­
los sazRvrebi cnobili unda iyos uflebrivad yvelas mier. rodesac
aseTi cnoba im saxelmwifos mier, romelsac Cven gamoveyeviT warudge­
ba umaRles samsjavros, Tavis Tavad cxadia, Cveni damoukideblobis
da Cveni suverenobis winaaRmdegi veravin ver gamova. es aris didi
gamarjveba da SeuZlebelia es qarTvel ers ar mieRo.
samwuxarod am saerTo zeimis dros erTi patara Savi Rrublis naW­
eri gamoCnda da gaiara kidec cazed. me mogaxsenebT im depeSazed, ro­
melic iyo gagzavnili Cveni mTavrobis Tavmjdomaris mier moskovSi.
mesmis, batonebo, aris egred wodebuli saerTaSoriso Tavazianoba,
zrdilobianoba. rasakvirvelia, mas Semdeg rac xelSekruleba daid­
va, Tavis Tavad cxadia, Cveni eris warmomadgenels unda gaegzavna de­
peSa, magram es depeSa unda yofiliyo gamowveuli im garemoebiT, ro­
melsac iTxovs Cveni politikuri pozicia. samwuxarod es depeSa mets
ambobs da arRvevs im pozicias, romelic mTelma saqarTvelom daika­
va. rodesac Cven mobilizacia gamovacxadeT, aq TviT Cveni mTavrobis
Tavmjdomare b. noe Jordania iyo da maSin igi Tavis istoriul mdgo­
mareobis simaRleze idga. man ipova namdvili mamobrivi sityvebi me-12
saukunidan, romelic SoTas aqvs: „sjobs sicocxlesa naZraxsa sikvdi­
li saxelovani“-o da am Zvirfas sityvebiT oqros jaWviT gadaaba war­
suli da momavali da dagvanaxva rom saqarTvelo Semortymulia cec­
xlis rgoliT: rom CrdiloeTidan modian bolSevikebi, azerbaijanic
Cven winaaRmdeg modis. mTeli saqarTvelo Semortymulia mtrebiT,
miuxedavad amisa, man mainc monaxa Sesaferi sityvebi, rom gamoewvia

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mTeli xalxis entuziazmi, da mobilizacia kargad Catarebuliyo. es
iyo saucxovo, saucxovo iyo ara martod garegnulad. Sinaarsic mSve­
nieri iyo, imitom rom am gancxadebiT, am xalxis mowveviT, man aiRo
namdvili gezi da Semoxaza is banaki, romelSiac unda vimyofebodeT
msoflio brZolaSi. Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom aris msoflio brZola,
erTis mxriv bolSevizmi, meores mxriT mTeli evropis demokratia,
amerika, Svecia, safrangeTis demokratiuli respublika. CvenSiac
demokratiuli weswyobileba aris. es ori mimarTuleba Seejaxa erTi
meores – bolSevizmi demokratizms da am mxriv b. Jordaniam swori
xazi aiRo. am nairad bunebrivad, istoriuli procesis moTxovnile­
baa, rom Cven davrCeT iq sadac namdvili demokratia aris, davrCeT
evropasTan erTad. amas hqonda didi mniSvneloba da marTlac rom
xalxma igrZno, rom Cveni zurgi Savi zRvisaken aris mimarTuli; sa­
frangeTma dagviTmo gemi, dagvpirda kreiserebs, inglisma mogvca
kreiserebi. erTis sityviT, evropasTan mudmivi kavSiri damyarda, ai
ra mniSvneloba hqonda am politikur xazs. TviT b. Jordaniam aRniSna,
rom aRmosavleTis barbarosobas da aziur karCaketilobas evropis
kultura da demokratizmi gvirCevniao.
ai aseTi iyo sazogado xazi da, rasakvirvelia aman wamoayena mTe­
li eri da mobilizaciac kargad Catarda. da ra moxda axla iseTi,
rom uecrad swored am mTavrobis Tavmjdomarem TiTqmis srulebiT,
mTlad gamoicvala azri. is ambobs Tavis depeSaSi ara marto imas, ra­
sac moiTxovs saerTaSoriso zrdilobianoba, aramed is ambobs, rom
moxaruli var mogilocoT SeTanxmeba, amieridan erTaT vimuSavebTo.
aq unda wertili daesva. ara! man kidev daumata: imisTvis, rom gar­
davqmnaT cxovreba socialur niadagzeo... (xmebi: swored! swored!)
ras niSnavs es Tanxmoba Zmuri, Tu imas, rom saxelmwifo gardavqmnaT
socialisturaTo... (geleiSvili: diax! diax! gaumarjos!) Tu bol­
Sevikuri xelSekruleba... (xmauroba. zari.) ra aris aq gasaxareli?!
s.-d. yovelTvis gaiZaxian mainc rom yvelaferi Cven gavakeTeTo. ve­
Sapeli ambobda, rom kavkasionis qedic Cven avageTo s.-d. ityviano.
(xmauroba) nu iciniT, batonebo, Tqveni politika mTlad damarcxda.
bolSevikebma imitom ki ar moaweres xeli, rom uyvardaT romelime
ministri, an Jordania... (niniZe. Cven socializmi gvinda! Sengelaia:
ramiSvili uyvarT!) swored imitom moaweres xeli, rom iqidan axla
poloneTi emuqreba. maSasadame, Cven unda viyoT madlobeli polone­
Tis da sxva danarCeni saxelmwifoebis, romlebic emuqrebian bolSevi­
kur ruseTs. poloneTi eyrdnoba evropas. aSkara aris mas Svela mos­
dis evropisagan da Cven imedi gvqonda, gvaqvs da gveqneba imisi, rom
CvenTvisac iyo Svela mosalodneli da aris kidec amis sabuTi. me maqvs
sabuTi ganvacxado Semdegi: rodesac Cvenma mTavrobam mimarTa ingli­
sis da safrangeTis warmomadgenlebs am mobilizaciis gamocxadebis
Semdeg da uTxra raSia saqme, ratom ar gviSveliT, aqamde Tqvengan
ar gvinaxavs arc erTi girvanqa puri, arc erTi Tofi, imaT upasuxes

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rom ar gSvelodiT imitom, rom ar vicodiT vina xarT, vis winaaRmdeg
ibrZviT – Cvens winaaRmdeg Tu bolSevikebis winaaRmdeg, Cven ar vic­
iT saiT miabrunebT im Tofs, romelsac Cven mogcemdiTo. (replika ar
ismis) es aris politika da amas yuradReba miaqcieT. ai amitom dRem­
dis ar mogvdioda araviTari Svela. exla, madloba RmerTs, gamoirk­
va Cveni saxe. Cven omi gamoucxadeT bolSevikebs da maSin rodesac Cven
Svelas movelodiT – swored aq raRac moxda da noe Jordania, ubral­
od rom vsTqvaT, b. lenins eubneba, TqvenTan varT Zvirfaso lenino
da hkocnis mas (xmebi ar ismis). ra STabeWdilebas moaxdens es sazR­
var gared? (xmauroba). Cven kargad viciT, batonebo, rom noe Jorda­
nia socialistia. iyos socialisti, magram sityva unda sTqvas maSin,
rodesac amas saWiroeba moiTxovs, Tu xar politikosi. Jordania so­
cialistia da, me darwmunebuli var, is darCeba socialisti. magram
unda sTqvaT batonebo, rom zogjer Tqma sjobs ara Tqmasa, zogjer
TqmiTac daSavdebis. daSavda kidec. rodesac Tqven garkveul prin­
cips, xazs eyrdnobiT evropaSi da amave dros eZaxiT lenins da ambors
ugzavniT mas, rom TqvenTan erTad Cven gardavqmniT cxovrebaso, ra
STabeWdilebas moaxdens es evropaSi? (xmauroba). nu gaviwydebaT, ba­
tonebo, rom iq aris CxeiZe, romelmac unda gamoarkvios Cveni poli­
tikuri mdgomareoba, dagvimtkicos Cven sazRvrebi, acnobinos Cveni
damoukidebloba iuridiulad da swored am dros Tqven ugzavniT
lenins aseT depeSas. es erTi da meore is, rom nu dagaviwydebaT, rom
Cven gavgzavneT evropaSi kandelaki, romelmac unda moawyos Cveni
finansiuri cxovreba. exla kandelaki romel safinanso dawesebule­
bas warudgeba da sTxovs gvasesxe oqrovo. (k. niniZe: ratom, social­
istebs ar asesxeben?) romelma socialistma daarsa... (xmauroba. ar is­
mis) Cems movaleobas Seadgens, rogorc damfuZnebeli krebis wevris
da rogorc qarTveli kacis, rom gavafrxilo TviT mTavroba. mTav­
robis Tavmjdomare aRWurvilia gansakuTrebul uflebebiT da Cven
vaRiareT, rom is aris umaRlesi warmomadgeneli saxelmwifosi. maSin
ar unda ahyves SemTxveviTs, moulodnel STabeWdilebas da ar unda
warmosTqvas iseTi sityva, romelsac SeiZleba mohyves didi Sedegi
da samwuxaro ambebi CvenTvis. (replikebi ar ismis). damerwmuneT ba­
tonebo, dRes Jordanias sityvas yvela uwevs angariSs. es – saerTaSo­
riso TvalsazrisiT. aq, Sinaur cxovrebaSi amas Tqvena ggoniaT ara
aqvs aseTi mniSvneloba? Cven viSiSvleT xmali rom davicvaT Cveni da­
moukidebloba. xalxi aRelda da midis maT winaaRmdeg, vinc safrTxes
umzadebs Cven damoukideblobas. TiTon noe Jordania ambobda, rom
bolSevikebi barbarosebi ariano. ra aris es, Tu isini barbarosebi
arian raRaT ugzavniT aseT xasiaTis depeSas? raSia saqme? batonebo,
agre TamaSi erovnuli sulieri ganwyobilebiT, me mgonia miuRebelia
CvenTvis. miuxedavaT am Secdomisa me darwmunebuli var, rom Cveni
eri am sityvas ase ar gaigebs. Cveni erisaTvis aSkaraa, rom saqarTve­
lo garSemortymulia mtrebiT. da Cveni mTavroba madlobis Rirsia

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im mxriv, rom man erTi fronti, CrdiloeTis fronti mainc gaauqma.
xalxi gaigebs, rom likvidacia moxda erTi xazisa ruseTis mxriv, Sei­
Zleba isic droebiT. magram Cven gvrCeba sxva fronti, es aris osmale­
Tis da azerbaijanis fronti. amitom me darwmunebuli var, rom qa­
rTveli xalxi gaigebs ra mdgomareobaSic varT da im aRfrTovanebas,
romelic iyo gamowveuli, bolo ar moeReba. Cven es ar gvinda, maSa­
sadame Cveni didi fronti TiTqmis ganaxevrebulia. Tu Cven mzad vi­
yaviT, rom amogveRo xma yvelas winaaRmdeg, me mgonia exla, roca Cveni
mdgomareoba bolSevikebTan gamosworebulia, darCa mxolod azer­
baijani. Cven rasakvirvelia, unda daviWiroT saingilo da yazaxis
mazra, romelic agreTve nawilia saqarTvelosi da sabolood gamo­
vasworoT yvela sazRvrebi. me darwmunebuli var Cveni jari da gvar­
dia igrZnobs am istoriis did moTxovnilebas. Tu erTxel is xmals
amoiRebs, is aRar Caagebs, sanam ar gamosWedavs da ar gamoaqandakebs
saqarTvelos sazRvrebs. es aris misi umaRlesi daniSnuleba. ai es
unda uTxraT Cven xalxs. mopirdapire aseTi Zlieri ar aris, rogorc
aqamde iyo. am xelSekrulebiT, rasakvirvelia, xifaTi ar gasula,
radgan xifaTi modis sxva mxriT. mTeli istoriuli msvleloba iseTi
aris, rom saqarTvelo unda aRsdges Tavis sazRvrebSi, uromlisodac
mas cxovreba ar SeuZlia. da darwmunebuli var es aris demokratiis,
xalxis moTxovnileba da jari da gvardia amas igrZnobs. da Tundac
mTavrobam Tavis xazi gamoicvalos, darwmunebuli var jari da gvar­
dia Tavis movaleobas aasrulebs. me gamovTqvam imeds, kidev vambob –
ulocav qarTvel ers ganTavisuflebas, iuridiulad mainc. rac meti
gveqneba aseTi xelSekruleba, miT ufro ganmtkicdeba Cveni mdgo­
mareoba. rac ufro meti gveqneba aseTi xelSekrulebebi, miT ukeTesi
iqneba CvenTvis. minda, rom Cemi sityva miswvdes xalxis guls, me minda
gavagebino yvelas, rom dRes unda gamovsWedoT sazRvrebi, imitom
rom uamisod SeuZlebelia ganviTareba Cveni erisa.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. ivane gobeCias.
ivane gobeCia. (s.-r.) moqalaqeno, damfuZnebel krebis wevrno! mox­
da is, rac didi xniT adre unda momxdariyo. komunisturma ruseTma
saqar­Tvelos saxelmwifos damoukidebloba scno da saqarTvelos
miwa-­wyalze kanonierad mxolod qarTveli xalxis suverenuli ufle­
bebi aRiara. amieridan ruseTi uars acxadebs saqarTvelos Sinaur saq­
meebSi yovelgvar Carevaze da miT savsebiT niadags uspobs Cvens res­
publikaSi mokalaTebuls im Savbnel Zalebs, romlebic Tavis Cvendami
mtruls ganwyobilebas aqamdi asabuTebden ruseTis raRac uflebebiT
Cvens miwa-wyalze. amieridan mTelma evropam, mTelma kacobriobam
unda gaigos, rom saqarTvelos miwa-wylis erTad-erTi uzenaesi pa­
troni aris mxolod saqarTvelos xalxi, rom ruseTma Tavis nebiT
uari ganacxada yovelgvar suverenul uflebebeze, romlebic mas
odesme ekuTvnoda saqarTvelos xalxisa da miwa-wylis mimarT. mTel­
ma kacobriobam isic unda icodes, rom Tavisuflebisadmi qar­Tveli

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xalxis siyvaruli usazRvro aris, rom qarTveli xalxi saqarTvelos
damoukideblobas daicavs mTeli Tavis Zal-RoniT da samSoblos Tav­
isufal arsebobas xmliT xelSi udarajebs vidre saWiro iqneba.
maSasadame, ruseTma xeli aiRo Tavis yovelgvar pretenziebze Cven
mimarT. es aris mTeli ruseTi da ara romelime misi nawili, vinaidan
sazavo xelSekrulebas, romelic Cvens da ruseTs Soris daido, xels
awers sabWoTa ruseTis mTavroba da es ukanaskneli xom faqtiurad
erTad-erTi mTavrobaa ruseTSi. ruseTi exla dgas didi gansacdel­
is winaSe da am garemoebam mTeli ruseTi gaaerTiana, maSasadame es
xelSekruleba savaldebuloa aramc Tu exlandeli ruseTisaTvis, ar­
amed momaval ruseTisTvisac, rogoric ar unda iqnas igi – wiTeli Tu
sxva feris. da Tu amieridan ruseTis pretenziebs daekarga yovelive
safuZveli CvenSi, ra uflebiT unda Seexos sxva ucxo Zala Cvens Tavisu­
flebas da daemuqros Cvens damoukideblobas. aseTi ufleba aravisT­
vis arsebobs dRes da Tu vinmem mainc moisurva Cveni damoukideblobis
mospoba, es iqneba Sedegi SiSveli Zalmomreobisa. da mas Semdeg, rac
ruseTis mTavrobam udavoT scno baTomis olqi saqarTvelos saxelm­
wifos ganuyrel nawilad da egeTive dadgenileba gamoitana baTomis
olqis mkvidrTa yrilobam – samuslimano saqarTvelos mejlisma – me
mgonia, rom saqarTvelos respublikis mTavrobis nebadaurTvelad da
saqarTvelos xalxis survilebis winaaRmdeg, iq, baTomis olqSi, ar
unda darCes gareSe Zalis arc erTi warmomadgeneli.
rac Seexeba azerbaijanis, misi Cvens respublikis winaaRmdeg gamo­
laSqrebas, sazRvrebis gadmolaxvas da dRemde Cvens winaaRmdeg omis
warmoebas, – amaze unda iTqvas: RmerTi rom kacis daRupvas moisur­
vebs, mas winaswar Wkua-gonebas waarTmevs. yovel SemTxvevaSi CvenTvis
cxadia, rom qemal-faSebi mas xeirs ver daayrian. marTalia qemal-faSa
dRes misi mokavSirea, mara es mxolod imitom, rom mas surs momaval­
Si daepatronos azerbaijanis damoukideblobas da is amas kidevac
Seasrulebs, Tu xeli ar SeuSala evropam da TviT ruseTis sabWoTa
mTavrobamac.
amnairad, moqalaqeno, zavi sabWoTa ruseTsa da saqarTvelos So­
ris aris didi gamarjveba Cveni erisa, saqarTvelos demokratiisa,
mara amaSi yvelaze naklebi damsaxureba miuZRvis Cvens mTavrobasa
da mmarTvel partias (xma: aba, Tqven migiZRviT?). es ruseTis didi
revoliuciis gamarjvebaa, ruseTi revoliuciis erTi udidesi lozu­
ngis – erTa TviTgamorkvevis principis cxovrebaSi gatarebaa. (xmau­
roba. zari.) (xmebi: aqamdis ratom ar gvicnes!). marTalia, saqarTvelos
social-demokratias da mis mTavrobas SeeZlo didi samsaxuri gaewia
saqarTvelos erisTvis. mas SeeZlo ufro adre gamoenaxa saerTo ena
sabWoTa ruseTTan da zavi gacilebiT adre Camoegdo. da es rom ase
momxdariyo da ruseTs, magaliTad Cveni damoukidebloba baTumiTurT
erTi Tvis wined ecno, Cven Tavidan avicdendiT im ubedurebaTa mTel
rigs, romelic Tavs datyda Cvens ers mxolod imitom, rom saqarTve­

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los social-demokratias ar qonda sagareo politikaSi aRebuli erTi
garkveuli xazi. (d. TofuriZe: gvaswavleT rogori xazi unda agveRo!)
b. diomide TofuriZe! me Tqven exla verafers gaswavliT, radganac
daigvianeT momarTviT, magram saqarTvelos soc.-demokratias deni­
kinTan rom ar egzavna delegaciebi Tqvenis meTaurobiT, mgonia ufro
adre davdebdiT sazavo xelSekrulebas sabWoTa ruseTTan. warmoidg­
ineT: saq. soc.- demokratia iqamdis midioda, rom delegacias reaqcio­
nur ruseTis warmomadgenelTan gzavnida, xolo komunistTan ki ara.
amnairad, batonebo, Tu Cven dRes sabWoTa ruseTTan zavi SevkariT,
es gamarjvebaa didi revoliuciisa da masTan erTad saqarTvelos
revoliucionur demokratiisa. da Cven gvwams ruseTis mier Cveni da­
moukideblobis aRiareba ufro gaaorkecebs Cveni demokratiis ener­
gias, rac iqneba sruli garantia imisa, rom Cvens damoukideblobas
veravin daamxobs.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. gareSe-saqmeTa ministrs.
e. gegeWkori. (gareSe-saqmeTa ministri). me b. sakamaTod ar gamov­
sulvar. me mxolod minda oriode sityviT upasuxo b. gvazavas Ses­
axeb n. Jordanias depeSisa. yovel SemTxvevaSi me amas imitom vSvebi,
rom SesaZlebelia – aq Tu ara, yovel SemTxvevaSi TviT stenogramaSi
ise iqneba moyvanili angariSi am sxdomisa, rom SemdegSi mkiTxvelma
miiRos iseTi STabeWdileba, TiTqos adgili hqondes iseT faqts ro­
melzedac ambobs b. gvazava. (gvazava: depeSa dabeWdilia!) Tu depeSa
ise gavigeT rogorc dawerili aris da ara ise, rogorc moesurveba
ama Tu im orators, Tqven unda dameTanxmoT, moqalaqeno, rom aravi­
Tari imis mgzavsi razedac laparakobda b. gvazava, ar momxdara. erTi
is, rom depeSa xel mowerilia noe nikolozis Ze Jordanias mier da ara
saqarTvelos mTavrobis Tavmjdomaris mier. gvazava gaxlavT iuristi
da yovel SemTxvevaSi Tavi moaqvs did iuristad (gvazava: marTla?) da
arc me vTvli mas glaxa iuristaT, unda ganvacxado esec da ver gami­
gia, rogor ver gaurCevia iurists n. Jordanias mier miwerili depeSa,
depeSisagan romelic SesaZlebelia yofiliyo mowerili mTavrobis
Tavmjdomaris mier. amaSia didi gansxvaveba (gvazava: sasamarTloSi,
politikaSi ki ara!) didi gansxvaveba aris. didi gansxvaveba swored
imaSia rac sweria da razedac laparakobs gvazava. misi kilo ar iyo
seriozuli da ar Seesabameba im moments, romelzedac vlaparakobT.
is laparakobs leninis kocnaze, raRac mxiaruli kilo iyo, rodesac
depeSaSi araviTari amis msgavsi ar moipoveba, ai is adgili, romel­
ic Tqven gainteresebT: „imedi maqvs, rom amieridan ruseTsa da saqa­
rTvelos Soris moispoba yovelive gaugebroba da orive moZme xalxi
mSvidobianad da TanxmobiT imuSavebs“... (gvazava: aq wertili unda yo­
filiyo! es saerTaSoriso zrdiloba aris!) Semdeg aris moyvanili is,
rac ase aSfoTebs da ukargavs moTminebas gvazavas. aq aris naTqvami,
rom es ori xalxi imuSavebs erTad, rom gardaqmnan saerTo cxovre­
ba socialistur niadagze. Tqven xedavT, moqalaqeno, rom aq lapara­

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ki aris xalxze. Jordania iqneba is Zveli socialisti, Tu mTavrobis
Tavmjdomare, Cemis azriT, Tu ki is marTladac demokratiul saxel­
mwifosi da mTavrobis meTauria, mas aqvs yovel SemTxvevaSi ufleba
sTqvas, rom yvela xalxi iseve, rogorc ruseTis xalxi, igive iTqmis
dasavleT evropis xalxzed, muSaobs cxovrebis gardaqmnazed... (gva­
zava: partiuli kaci ar aris, saxelmwifos warmomadgenelia!) Tqven
laparakobT aq leninTan kavSirze, gadaxvevaze da sxva amisTanebzed
da ggoniaT, rom vismes SeaSinebT, glaxa STabeWdilebas moaxdenT. aq
ki aris aRniSnuli kavSiri or xalxTa Soris da swored is zavi, ro­
liTac Tqven dRes amayobT, da romelic miuloceT xalxs, es gaxlavT
realuri da iuridiuli gamoxatuleba am kavSirisa, romelzedac noe
Jordania laparakobs. me mgonia aq araviTari noe Jordanias, rogorc
noe Jordanias rogorc mTavrobis Tavmjdomares ar Caudenia da ami­
tom laparaki imazed, rom raime waxda, es mgonia mxolod sityvis mas­
ala iyo. rac Seexeba gobeCias, me, rasakvirvelia, arsebiTad sruliad
zed-metad vTvli upasuxo mas. (taSi). (gobeCia: TqvenTvis es, rasakvir­
velia, xelsayrelia!).
Tavmjdomare. sityvis msurveli aravin aris. Semosuli gax­
lavT rezoliucia. kenWs vuyri am rezoliucias. (mdivani kiTxu­lobs
rezoliucias): „moismina ra gareSe saqmeTa ministris gancxadeba sabWo­
Ta ruseTsa da saqarTvelos respublikas Soris sazavo xelSekrulebis
dadebis Sesaxeb, damf. kreba iwonebs mTavrobis politikas, kmayofile­
bas gamosTqvams ruseT-saqarTvelos Soris keTilmezobluri damok­
idebulebis damyarebis gamo da darwmunebuli, rom mTavroba ganagr­
Zobs saTanado zomebis miRebas respublikis damoukideblobisa da misi
sazRvrebis dasacavad, gadadis meore sakiTxze“. vin aris winaaRmdegi?
aravin. vin aris momxre am rezoliuciisa? Tavi vin Seikava? rezoliu­
cia miRebuli gaxlavT erTxmad. vidre davaTavebdeT dRiur wesrigs,
Tanaxmad Tqveni dadgenilebisa, gTxovT moisminoT ori saboloo te­
qsti dRes miRebul dekretebisa (SaraSiZis asuli kiTxulobs orive
saboloo teqsts, romelTac kreba ucvlelad iRebs). winadadeba aris
Semosuli, rom Semdegi sxdoma dainiSnos samSabaTs 18 maiss. winaaRm­
degi aravin aris. miRebulia. gTxovT moisminoT Semdegi dRis wesri­
gi. (mdivani kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs). vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin.
dRis wesrigi miRebulia. sxdoma daxuruli gaxlavT.

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 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

meCvidmete sxdoma

(17)

1920 weli. maisis 18. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. dekreti – abreSumis parkis, Tambaqosi da matylis mwarmoe­

blebTaTvis sesxis misacemad 75.000.000 man. gadadebisa.
2. dekreti – 219.748. 864 man. gadadebisa samxedro saministros
1919 – 1920 w. xarjT-aRricxvis damatebisa.
3. kanon-proeqti – mkvidrTagan mitovebul yofil saxazino mi­
webis saxelmwifo fondSi gadasvlis Sesaxeb.
4. dekreti – agrarul reformasTan dakavSirebul davisa da sa­
Civris ganxilvis wesisa.
5. SekiTxva damf. krebis wevris gr. veSapelisa – tyis kanonis Ses­
rulebis Sesaxeb.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris amxanagi

sim. mdivani.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivani k. jafariZe.
sxdoma iwyeba SuadRis 1 saaT.
Tavmjdomare. sxdoma gaxsnili gaxlavT. mdivani mogaxsenebT dRi­
ur wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs):

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 dRis wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti kanon-proeqtisa – gareSe-saqmeTa saministros

kancelariis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. mom­
xsenebelia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
2. saboloo teqsti kanon-proeqtisa – foTis sakarantino, soxumis
sazRvao saeqimo da sanainis sanapiro saeqimo sameTvalyureo sad­
gurebis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
3. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – mkvidrTagan mi­
tovebul yofil saxazino miwebis saxelmwifo fondSi gadasvlis Ses­
axeb. momxsenebelia sv. axmetelaSvili.
4. dekreti – agrarul reformasTan dakaSirebul davisa da sa­
Civris ganxilvis wesisa. momxsenebelia k. niniZe.
5. SekiTxva damfuZnebeli krebis wevris gr. veSapelisa mTavro­
bisadmi – tyis kanonis Seusruleblobis Sesaxeb.
6. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – mevenaxeobis da
meRvineobis tfilisis da quTaisis sagubernio komitetis gauqmebis
da alianis, kondolis da Cumlayis sanergeebis erobisaTvis gadacemis
Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia k. niniZe.
7. dekreti – abreSumis parkis, Tambaqos da matylis mwarmoebel­
TaTvis sesxis misacemad 75.000.000 gadadebisa. momxsenebelia d. oni­
aSvili.
8. dekreti – 219.748.364 maneTis gadadebisa samxedro saministros
1919 –1920 wl. xarjT-aRricxvis damatebad. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.

damateba:

9. dekreti – socialuri Semweobisa da misi organizaciisa. momx­

senebelia d. oniaSvili da i. fircxalaiSvili.
Tavmjdomare. social-demokratiul fraqciis mier Semotanilia
winadadeba rom 1) „a) merve sakiTxi dasmul iqnas meoTxe sakiTxad. b)
mecxre sakiTxi moxsnil iqnas dRevandel sxdomis dRiur wesrigidan.
g) meSvide sakiTxi daisvas mesame sakiTxad.
2) saboloo teqsti dekretisa abreSumis parkis, Tambaqosi da maty­
lis mwarmoebelTaTvis sesxis misacemad 75.000.000 maneTis gadadebisa
dResve iqnes miRebuli“.
sityva xom aravis nebavs am winadadebis Sesaxeb? Sesworeba miRe­
bulia. gadavdivarT morig sakiTxze. qr. SaraSiZis asuls samsaxuris
gamo daagvianda, amitom pirveli da meore sakiTxi sxdomis bolos
mogxsendebaT. sityva oniaSvils ekuTvnis.

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 1. dekreti abreSumis parkis, Tambaqosi da
matylis mwarmoebelTaTvis sesxis misacemad
75.000.000 man. gadadebisa.

d. oniaSvili (s.-d.) Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom saxelmwifom matylze,

abreSumis parkze da Tambaqoze monopolia gamoacxada. monopoliis
cxovrebaSi saukeTesod gasatareblad saWiro aris erT garemoebas
mieqces yuradReba, saxeldobr imas, rom kerZo mwarmoebeli davain­
teresoT Tavis warmoebiT. saxelmwifoebrivi monopolia ise unda
gatardes cxovrebaSi, rom marTlac Seiqnes pirobebi am warmoebis
ayvavebisa. amisaTvis ki saWiro aris fuli da iaf fasiani krediti.
Tqven iciT, damfuZnebel krebis wevrno, rom CvenSi warmoeba, um­
Tavresad ki wvrili warmoeba kreditis uqonlobis gamo gaWirvebas
ganicdis, warmoeba CarCebis xelSia Cavardnili. warmoeba rom gava­
farTovoT da gamovglijoT igi xelidan CarCebs, mwarmoebelTaTvis
iaf-fasiani kreditis miwodeba aris saWiro. amitom finansTa saminis­
trom SeimuSava dekreti, romlis ZaliT saxelmwifo xazinam unda gai­
Ros 75.000.000 maneTi am saqmisaTvis. rac Seexeba am fulis ganawile­
bas, e. i. kreditis micemas, amis Sesaxeb dekretis ZaliT SemuSavebulia
daaxlovebiT aseTi wesi: es fuli miecema mwarmoeblebs finansTa samin­
istros saSualebiT an da im sakredito dawesebulebaTa saSualebiT,
romelnic finansTa saministros gankargulebaSi imyofebian, sesxi
SeiZleba mieces kerZo mwarmoebelT, SeiZleba mieces mwarmoebelTa
kavSirsac. sesxis miRebis Semdeg esa Tu is mwarmoebeli, romelic is­
argeblebs am kreditiT, valdebuli aris Tavis saqoneli uklebliv
gadasces mTavrobis adgilobriv ganyofilebebs im mtkice fasebSi,
romelsac SeerTebuli komisia SeimuSavebs. Semdeg xdeba realizacia
am saqonlisa, ris Semdegac darCeba wminda mogeba, romelsac iyofen
Suaze mwarmoebeli da mTavroba. saqonlis Rirebuleba da sxva da sxva
xarjebi mwarmoebels miecema. is xarjebi, romelic mouva mTavrobas
am saqonlis realizaciis dros, miecema mTavrobas. Tu amas kidev sxva
xarjebs gamovaklebT, darCeba wminda mogeba, romelic iyofa Suazed,
50 procenti eZleva mwarmoebels da 50 proc. mTavrobas.
ai mokled is wesebi, romelic miRebuli aris am dekretis ZaliT.
75 milioni maneTi daaxlovebiT ase ganawildeba: 30 milioni miecema
mecxvareebs, kreditis saxiT, 35 milioni – meTambaqoebs, 10 milioni –
abreSumis parkis mwarmoebelT.
es sakiTxi gairCa sabiujeto-safinanso komisiaSi da vinaidan am
saqmes didi mniSvneloba aqvs Cven saxelmwifoebriv cxovrebisaTvis
da es Tanxa aramc Tu ar daikargeba, piriqiT, mogebiT daubrundeba
xazinas, komisiam erTxmad miiRo es dekreti. saqmeSi aris saxelmwifo
kontrolis daskvna, romelic mxars uWers am dekrets.

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 Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? sityvis
msurveli aravin aris. vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom gadavideT muxlo­
briv ganxilvaze? aravin.
dekreti muxlobriv ganxilviT damf. krebis mier miRebul iqmna da
saredaqcio komisias gadaeca.

2. dekreti 219.748.864 maneTis gadadebisa samxedro

saministros 1919-1920 wlis xarjT-aRricxvis damatebad.

Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis damf. krebis wevrs imnaiSvils.

imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) warmodgenili dekreti Seicavs samxedro uw­
yebis Suamdgomlobas 219.748.364 maneTis gaRebis Sesaxeb, im zedmet
xarjebis dasafaravad, romelic amJamad aqvs samxedro uwyebas. saer­
Tod dRevandeli frontis xarjebi bevrad aRemateba Cven mier winad
miRebul xarjT-aRricxvas. es aixsneba im garemoebiT, rom normalu­
ri xarjT-aRricxva mSvidobian droisaTvis dgeba, faqtiurad ki Cven
sul saomar ganwyobilebaSi vimyofebiT. amas zed erTvis isic, rom
siZvire dRiTidRe saocrad izrdeba, amis gamo Tavis Tavad cxadia,
rom zedmeti xarjebic iqneboda. amitom, rodesac es proeqti Semov­
ida samxedro komisiaSi, arsebiTad aseTi Suamdgomloba kanonierad
iqmna miCneuli da ukamaTod miRebul iqmna komisiis mier.
safinanso komisiam, imisda mixedviT, Tu ra daskvnebi qonda cal-­
calke am xarjebis Sesaxeb sauwyebaTaSoriso komisias, saxelmwifo
kontrols, finansTa ministrs da mis amxanags, cotaodeni Sesworeba
Seitana. gansakuTrebiT dRevandeli mdgomareoba moiTxovs am dek­
retis saswrafo miRebas da amitom SemovdivarT SuamdgomlobiT, rom
es dekreti am saxiT sasawrafoT iqmnas miRebuli.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? msurveli aravinaa. gadavdivarT
muxlobriv ganxilvaze.
imnaiSvili. (kiTxulobs dekrets muxlobrivad. dekreti miRebu­
lia saerTo wesiT da gadeca saredaqcio komisias).
Tavmjdomare. gadavdivarT Semdeg sakiTxze. sityva ekuTvnis ba­
ton niniZes.

3. kanon-proeqti mkvidrTagan yofil saxazino miwebis

saxelmwifo fondSi gadasvlis Sesaxeb.

k. niniZe. (s.-d.) rogorc viciT 1919 wlis ianvris 28 kanoniT yofil

saxazino glexebs, kerZo sakuTrebaT miecaT is miwebi, romlebic maT
rogorc saxazino miwebi eWiraT. amgvarad es miwebi kerZo sakuTrebad
gamocxadda. Semdeg Cveni respublikis zogierT adgilebSi im anarqiis
gamo, romelic winad iq arsebobda da zogan axlac arsebobs, mkvidrni,

346
romelTac miRebuli qondaT es yofili saxazino miwebi sakuTrebad,
gaixiznen sxva da sxva adgilebSi da dRemdisac ar dabrunebulan, es
yofili saxazino miwebi ki mitovebulia upatronod. miwad-moqmedebis
ministrma Semoitana proeqti, romliTac yofili saxazino miwebi unda
CamoerTvas iseT mkvidrT, romelnic ltolvilan da dRemdis ar dab­
runebulan. es sakiTxi ganixila SeerTebulma sxdomam iuridiul da
agrarul komisiebisam, da Semdeg mcire Sesworebisa daadgina: proeq­
ti miRebul iqmnes. aris Sesworeba, romelic vadas Seexeba.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? msurveli
aravin aris. vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom muxlobriv ganxilvaze gadavi­
deT? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
(dekreti miRebul iqmna Cveulebrivi wesiT da meore muxlobrivi
ganxilva saTanado vadis Semdeg moxdeba).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva k. niniZes ekuTvnis.

4. dekreti – agrarul reformasTan dakavSirebul

davis da saCivris ganxilvis wesis Sesaxeb.

k. niniZe. (s.-d.) arsebuli agraruli kanoniT is dava, romelic Sei­

Zleba moxdes agrarul reformasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebiT unda
gaarCios ara sasamarTlom, aramed im organoebma, romlebic miwad-­
moqmedebis saministrosTan da agreTve samazro erobebTan moqmede­
ben. aseTi iyo azri da sazogadoT kanoni, romelic Cven miviReT, jer
seimis dros da Semdeg saqarTvelos parlamentSi, magram Semdeg mox­
da erTi ram, romelmac cota gaugebroba Seitana saerTo debuleba­
Si. am gaugebrobas gamoiwvevs is, rom senats mivceT iseTi debuleba,
romlis ZaliTac senatis saadministracio ganyofilebis mier yove­
li gankarguleba ministrisa SeiZleba gasaCivrebul iqmnes. amis gamo
saqmem SesaZlebelia Semdegi xasiaTi miiRos: dainteresebuli, gan­
kargulebiT ukmayofilo piri, am gankargulebas saministroSi gaa­
saCivrebs, da Tu uars miiRebs miwad-moqmedebis ministrisagan, mas
eZleva kanoniT saSualeba, gadaitanos es dava senatis saadministra­
cio ganyofilebaSi. amis sawinaaRmdegoT araferi iTqmis, piriqiT
Cven viciT, rom saukeTeso organizacia sasamarTlo aris, is ufro
kargad, samarTlianad gamoikvlevs davas, romelic arsebobs ama Tu
im uflebis garSemo. aris meore garemoeba. Cven kargad viciT, rom
samarTlis aRdgena saerTod Zneli saqme aris mainc, Tu miviRebT
mxedvelobaSi im garemoebas, rom CvenSi arsebuli kanoni, metadre
wesi samarTlis warmoebisa isea mowyobili, rom erTi mxriT uaRre­
sad uzrunvelyofs samarTlianobas, magram meores mxriv, saSualebas
aZlevs dainteresebul pirs, rom saqme gaagrZelos sasamarTloSi. ai,
radganac Cven gvgonia, rom SesaZlebelia am davis gagrZelebam Seaf­
erxos agraruli reformis gatareba cxovrebaSi da es ar aris sasur­

347
veli, amitom vfiqrobT, rom dava am agraruli reformis cxovrebaSi
gatarebis gamo ar eqvemdebarebodes senats. marTalia, aq ar iqneba
daculi is, rasac iuristebi etyvian: „umaRles samarTlianobas“,
magram aq ar eqneba adgili arc im uaRres usamarTlobas, romelic
iqneba gamowveuli am umaRlesi samarTlianobis dacviT, da romelic
SeuSlis xels agrarul reformis cxovrebaSi gatarebas. maSasadame,
saministrom unda awarmovos am reformis meore nawili. is rac Se­
exeba miwebis CamorTmevas, saWiroa, rom Cqara iqnes ganxorcielebu­
li. Tu sadavo gaxda safuZveli – is, rac CamorTmevas Seexeba, samin­
istros ar eqneba saSualeba reformis meore nawilis cxovrebaSi
gatarebis. es dava SeiZleba 1-2 weli gagrZeldes. amitom vfiqrobT,
rom miviRoT aseTi gamonaklisi am SemTxvevaSi, rom is dava, romel­
ic dakavSirebulia agrarul reformis ganxorcielebasTan, micemis,
konfiskaciisa da ganawilebasTan dakavSirebuli ar eqvemdebareob­
des sasamarTlos, aramed ganixilebodes im adgilibriv organoebis
mier, romelnic aRniSnulia saTanado sa­adgilmamulo kanonebSi. ase­
Tia am dekretis proeqti.
Tavmjdomare. sityva b. gvazavas ekuTvnis.
g. gvazava (er.-dem.) batonebo! me mgonia, raRac gaugebroba aris.
warmodgenili kanon-proeqti Cvenis azriT yovlad miuRebelia. is
dasabuTeba, romelic warmoadgina aq momxsenebelma, ar aris dasabuTe­
ba da TviT saWiroebs dasabuTebas. Tqven miaqcevdiT yuradRebas, rom
principialurad momxsenebeli winaaRmdegia: is ambobs, rom cxadia,
roca atydeba samoqalaqo dava, es unda gadaswyvitos sasamarTlom
da mohyavs mosazreba amis Sesaxeb. maSasadame amaze ar aris dava. ga­
daval Semdegze: yoveli samoqalaqo dava unda gadaswydes sasamarT­
los wesiT. asea miRebuli yovelgan. pirvelad seimma, mere erovnulma
sabWom miiRo kanoni miwebis reformis Sesaxeb. es kanoni savaldebu­
loa sasamarTlosTvis. magram, rac Seexeba davas, romelic SeiZleba
atydes am kanonis farglebSi, es unda gadaswydes sasamarTlos wesiT
da ara administratiuli wesiT.
sul sxvaa is mosazreba, romelic momxsenebelma moiyvana, rom gva­
qvs kanoni, magram igi sasamarTloSi ar tardeba, sasamarTlo kanons
arRvevso. Tu Cven kanoni miviReT, es gamoxatvaa Cveni nebis-yofis da
cxadia sasamarTlo mas unda atarebdes wmindad da swored. es asec
xdeba. maS raSia saqme? rad unda CamovarTvaT sasamarTlos misi
pirdapiri funqcia da gadavsceT administracias? amis Sesaxeb moxsen­
ebaSi erTi mosazrebaa moyvanili: Turme xdeba, rom dainteresebuli
piri sargeblobs im wesis pirveli muxliT, romlis ZaliT SeuZlia
dava sasamarTloSi gadaitanos da amiT ferxdeba viTomda agraruli
reformis gatareba. es mosazreba marTali ar aris. me yurs vugdeb­
di momxsenebels, mas erTi magaliTic ar mouyvania: rogor SeiZleba
Seferxdes es agraruli reforma. me vsTxov momxsenebels Tavis sapa­
suxo sityvaSi magaliTi moiyvanos.

348
 Tu saCivari Seexeba xazinas an sasamarTlos, zogierTi wesi, ro­
melic aris miRebuli procesialur uflebaSi, ar aris miRebuli
saxelmwifos... (ar ismis). rogor SeiZleba Tu moqalaqe gaasaCivrebs
ministris moqmedebas, aman Seaferxos agraruli reformis gatareba?
aq aris laparaki saCivarze. aiReT magaliTi: ministri atarebs kanons,
rogorc mas esmis. amiT aris Selaxuli Cemi ufleba. sad unda wavide?
rasakvirvelia sasamarTloSi. magram, me rom saCivari daviwyo, gana
Seferxebuli iqneba administraciis moqmedeba? Tu ar iqneba uzrun­
velyofili Cemi saCivari, vityvi rusuli terminologiiT, ar iqneba
dadebuli „запрещенiе“, ar iqneba arc „предварительное исполнениiе“. Tu es
asea, Tqven ra gexarjebaT, rom me viCivlo sasamarTloSi da aRvadgino
Cemi ufleba. me kanonis ZaliT minda davicva Cemi ufleba. rad unda
CamomarTvaT es ufleba? amis dasamtkicebeli sabuTi verc moiyvana da
verc moiyvans momxsenebeli. es ar aris mizanSewonili da amis Sedegi
iqneba samwuxaro.
saministro TviT Rebulobs Tavis-Tavze kanonis ganmartebas. aq
ibadeba TviTneboba. es daamtkica istoriam evropaSi da CvenSi da
rad unda davixioT im kulturul gzidan da SevitanoT arev-dareva
sasamarTloSi, rad unda CamovarTvaT senats is ufleba, romelic mi­
vaniWeT mas. visTvis aris es sasargeblo? Tqven miaqcevdiT yuradRe­
bas im ganmartebas, romelic Tana sdevs moxsenebas. iq miTiTebulia,
rogor gaatara Tavisi agraruli reforma stolipinma. ra aris es? nu
Tu ise gakotrda soc.-dem. partia, rom stolipinis magaliTebs mibaZa?
gana stolipinis meti magaliTi ver ipova? es saSualeba stolipinma
gangeb ixmara. sasamarTloSi iq Sediodnen: Tavad-aznaurebis winamZ­
Rolni anu marSlebi, romelnic Tavis nebaze awarmoebden sasamarT­
lo saqmeebs. es Seefereboda stolipins, im reJims, romelic iyo ma­
Sin, rogor SeiZleba, rom Cven respublikaSi stolipinis magaliTebs
mivbaZoT? Cveni sasamarTlo SedarebiT kargadaa mowyobili da rad
unda SevudgeT im principebis darRvevas, romelTac Cven vatarebT?
aqedan sargeblobas da sikeTes ar moveliT. is mosazreba, romelic
Cven mogviyvanes, rom es dava aferxebs reformis gatarebaso, ar aris
mosayvani. Tu Tqven miiRebT am kanon-proeqts, maSin momxsenebels sa­
Sualeba erTmeva Tavisi Selaxuli ufleba aRadginos. maSasadame Cemi
saCivari, rogorc kerZo moqalqis, Tavdapirvelad ar aferxebs agrar­
uli reformis gatarebas. me ki unda aRvadgino Cemi ufleba, romelic
aris damyarebuli Tqven mier miRebul kanonze. rad unda mivaniWoT
gansakuTrebul komisias am sakiTxis gadawyveta, rodesac aris sa­
samarTlo, aris senati, ratom iq ar unda gadawydes es saqme da am uf­
lebriv sakiTxs unda swyvetdes komisia? saCivris Setana am komisiaSi
SeuZlebelia. warmovidginoT aseTi magaliTi: xSirad Turme xdeba, me­
sakuTre acxadebs, rom mas CamoarTves erTi nawili. vTqvaT aqvs 10-14
des., 7 des. darCa, danarCeni CamoarTves. is ambobs, es 7 desetina Cemia,
danarCeni sxvisia – petresi an ivanesi da sx. amisTana daviT TiTqos

349
agraruli reformis gatareba ferxdeba. magram es sakiTxi vin unda
gadawyvitos? warmoidgineT, rom es 7 des. sxvas ekuTvnis, maSin ar mis­
cemT im kerZo pirs, romelsac CamoarTviT, wils? sad unda wavides?
Tqven ukrZalavT sasamarTloSi wavides da Tavisi ufleba aRadgi­
nos Tqvenive kanonis ZaliT. me mesmis, rom sasamarTlom Seaferxos
reformis gatareba, magram es ar xdeba; me ki Cems uflebas aRvadgen.
Tqven SegiZliaT gaataroT reforma, gasceT miwa fondSi, magram me,
rogorc moqalaqe, ar unda viyo ufleba ayrili, me unda mqondes sa­
Sualeba wavide sasamarTloSi da 5 wlis Semdeg aRvadgino Cemi ufle­
ba. rad xarT amis winaaRmdegi ar mesmis.
me ar Sevexebi am sakiTxs principialurad. b. niniZe brZanebs Tvi­
Ton, rom CvenSi ar unda iyos iseTi adamiani, romelic sasamarTlos
gadawyvetilebas ar scnobs WeSmaritebado. es WeSmaritebaa, da Tu
es WeSmaritebaa, gTxovT miuaxlovdeT am WeSmaritebas da ar miiRoT
is kanon-proeqti, romelic mizanSewonili ar aris da arev-darevas
Seitans sasamarTloSi.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis damfuZnebeli krebis wevrs baton
veSapels.
gr. veSapeli. (nacion.) b. gvazavam TiTqmis yvela mosazrebebi moiy­
vana, romelnic ewinaaRmdegebian am dekretis proeqts. magram me, prin­
cipialurad da praqtikulad imdenad miuReblad mimaCnia es dekreti,
rom minda daumato zogi ram. sakiTxi aris SemdegSi: saministro e. i.
aRmasrulebeli organo moiTxovs damfuZnebeli krebisagan kanons,
rom misi dadgenilebani da gadawyvetilebani ar iyos gansaCivrebuli
sasamarTlos wesiT. Cven gvainteresebs mizezi, ram gamoiwvia aseTi
aucilebloba, ram aiZula saministro, rom aseTi gamonaklisi, rogorc
momxsenebelma brZana, SevitanoT Cveni uflebrivi cxovrebis Cveule­
baSi. aq sTqves, rom procesi sasamarTlosi aris iseTi, rom momCivans
aqvs saSualeba didad gaagrZelos Tavisi sasamarTlo saqme da xeli
SeuSalos agrarul reformas. batonma gvazavam iuridiuli Tvalsaz­
risiT ganmarta, rom aseTi mdgomareoba ar Seefereba sinamdviles, e.
i. saCivari ar aCerebs administraciis moqmedebas. me minda sxva mxriv
Sevexo am sakiTxs. ratom saministro imis magier, rom sTxovdes dam­
fuZnebel krebas iseTi principis darRvevas, romelic udavoa yvel­
asTvis, rom administraciis moqmedebis gansaCivreba unda xdebodes
sasamarTlos wesiT, ratom ar sTxovs damfuZnebel krebas praqtikul
zomebs, raime Sesworebas, romelic Seexeboda agraruli saCivrebis
wesis texnikur mxares, gana Zneli iyo es? SeiZleba droebiT vadis
Semokleba da sxva texnikuri, ara principialuri Sesworebis Setana
im saqmeTa warmoebis wesebSi, romelic agrarul reformas Seexeba.
Tu texnika sustobs, maSin SeiZleba misi Sesworeba, magram aq saqme
swored principSia! aq miwad-moqmedebis saministro, da Semdeg Sei­
Zleba mis magaliTs miyvnen sxva saministroebic, moiTxovs, rom ar iyos
maRali instancia – sasamarTlo, moiTxovs garantias, rom sasamarT­

350
lo moaSoron mis saqmeebs, imitom rom sasamarTlos mimarTulebiT ar
aris kmayofili da daimedebuli. me es mimaCnia miuReblad.
mTavroba yovelTvis scxrilavs da bolos ase Tu ise misTvis saime­
do pirs aZlevs sasamarTloSi adgils. es Seexeba saolqo sasamarT­
los, palatas da senats, romlis SerCevisaTvis, Tqven mogexsenebaT,
ramdeni zomebi iyo miRebuli. da rodesac administracia kidev ar
aris kmayofili da eZebs saSualebas rom rogorme moiSoros yovelive
saCivari, es niSnavs aziur, yvelazed ufro cnobil, sparsul Cveule­
bebis gamefebas, satrapiebs.
Cven gveubnebian: senatis debuleba ise unda Seicvalos, rom mas ar
daeqvemdebaros dadgenilebani, gadawyvetilebani da gankargulebani
miwaT-moqmedebis saministrosi. ra unda qnas miwad-moqmedebis samin­
istrom, iqneba es wvrili Tu didi saqme, rac am formulaSi ar Seva?
araviTari garantia, araviTari saSualeba ara aqvs moqalaqes am
sakiTxis Sesaxeb davis aRZvrisaTvis sasamarTloSi. da iseT uzenaes
sasamarTlosi, rogoric aris senati, romlis prestiJs gadidebisaT­
vis, mgonia, TviT mTavroba cdilobda, ar darCeba saSualeba, rom iq
raime saCivari iyos aRZruli. me minda kidev erT garemoebas mivaqcio
Tqveni yuradReba. TviT miwad-moqmedebis saministrodan sxvanairi
kanon-proeqti iyo warmodgenili. saministro moiTxovda Semdegs:
is ukmayofilo iyo, rogorc momxsenebeli brZanebs, Cveni sasamarT­
los texnikiT, magram Semdegs moiTxovda: daaweseT Sereuli adminis­
traciuli da naxevrad, SeiZleba iTqvas, iusticiuri organo. me exla
ar maqvs teqsti Zveli kanon-proeqtisa, magram aseTi iyo deda azri,
rom unda daarsebuliyo kolegialuri organo. Sig unda yofiliyo
warmomadgeneli miwad-moqmedebis da iusticiis saministrosi. ra­
sakvirvelia, iusticiis saministro samarTals ar niSnavs da vinc wi­
naaRmdegia ara sasamarTlos gziT mospobisa samoqalaqo da kerZod
agraruli saqmeebisa, rasakvirvelia is ar iqneboda kmayofili imi­
Tac, rom iusticiis saministros rgeboda sasamarTlos funqciebi,
magram TviT is faqti, rom miwad-moqmedebis saministrom ar Semoi­
tana es kanon-proeqti, rom marto administratiul organos xelSi
daetovebinaT agrarul saCivarTa ganxilva, imas mowmobs, rom TviT
miwad-­moqmedebis saministro grZnobs, rom ar SeiZleba erTsa da imave
dros is iyos aRmasrulebeli, saCivrebis ganmxilveli da uzenaesi
ganmartavi organo. amitom is momarTavda iusticiis saministros uf­
lebrivis Tu ara yovel SemTxvevaSi zneobrivi daxmarebisaTvis mainc.
agrarul da iuridiul komisiebs es sakiTxi gadauwyvetiaT sruliad
ubralod, sityva sityviT ar gavimeoreb, magram ase iyo: Tu saqme ima­
Sia, rom sasamarTlo xels uSlis agraruli reformis ganxorciele­
bas, maSin sul movaSoroT am saqmeebs sasamarTlovo. ra saWiro aris
maS iusticiis saministro an sxva ram, rogorc surrogati sasamarT­
losi. me rasakvirvelia, winaaRmdegi viqnebodi im kanon-proeqtisac
principialurad da praqtikulad, romelic miwad-moqmedebis samin­

351
istros mier iyo warmodgenili Sereul administraciul organos
daarsebis Sesaxeb. magram amiT imis Tqma minda, rom agrarulma da iu­
ridiulma komisiebma Zalian gaaadviles es sakiTxi da is uxerxulo­
ba, romelsac hgrZnobda miwad-moqmedebis saministro, rodesac is
mimarTavda iusticiis saministros, es uxerxuloba moiSores Tavidan
da TviT administracias Caabares yovelgvari saagraro saCivrebis
ganxilva. dabolos unda vTqva, rom ramdenadac aq senati aris naxsen­
ebi, usaTuod ar SeiZleba saxeli ar gautexos am kanon-proeqtis miRe­
bam Cvens senats. me piradad ara var im azris matarebeli, rom Cveni
senati iyos ideali, gansakuTrebiT Cveni senati Tundac debulebiT
an pirovnuli SerCeviT, magram me minda vsTqva, rom, rac unda iyos,
senati mainc senatia. mainc xalxSi trialebs erTgvari azri, rom ar­
sebobs organo, romelSiac SegiZlian uCivlo TviT ministrs. es aris
konstituciuri garantia saqarTveloSi. Cven jer konstitucia ara
gvaqvs da erTad erTi saSualeba umaRlesi aRmasrulebeli Zalis, e. i.
ministris gansaCivrebisa aris senati. Tundac erTi saministros Ses­
axeb exla es funqciebi senatisa srulebiT ispoba. Tavis Tavad cxadia,
rom SesaZlebelia am magaliTs mimbaZvelebi gamouCnden da sxva samin­
istrosac dasWirdeT an zogadad, an kerZod aseTive javSnis aRmarT­
va Tavis kedlebis da sasamarTlo senatis kedlebis Soris. maSin Sei­
Zleba iTqvas, rom Cveni saxelmwifoebrivi Semoqmedeba win ki ara, ukan
midis da Tqven veravis ver daajerebT, rom es kanon-proeqti imiT aris
gamowveuli, rom sasamarTlo aferxebs agraruli reformis cxovre­
baSi gatarebas. axsnian imiT, rom saministros ar unda, rom vinmem misi
saCivari ganixilos, radgan is grZnobs, rom mis moqmedebaSi Zalian
bevri usamarTloba aris, ara zogadad, rasakvirvelia, romaelebis,
safrangeTis an germaniis kodeqsis mixedviT, aramed TviT Cveni axali
kanonebis mixedviT, im kanonebis mixedviT, romelic gamocemuli aris
Cvens respublikaSi. ai amaSia saqme, rom mas uZneldeba im kanonebis Ses­
ruleba, romelic gamocemulia im politikur wreebis mier, romelic
rasakvirvelia did garantias aZlevs aRmasrulebel Zalas agrarul
reformis gatarebaSi. exla saSualeba espoba moqalaqes, rom imoqme­
dos kanonis mixedviT da daicvas Tavis ufleba.
da vimeoreb, im uxerxulobasac ki ar eridebian, rom senats, ro­
melic sul ramdenime Tvea arsebobs da romlis debuleba ase Tu ise
avtoritetuli xasiaTisa iyo, exla Zalian ubralod iSleba da erTi
saministro srulebiT iTavisuflebs Tavs sasamarTlos kontrolis­
agan. imitom rom formulaSi, „dadgenilebani, gadawyvetilebani da
gankargulebani“, SeiZleba Sevides sulyvelaferi, rac Seexeba miwad-­
moqmedebis saministros.
Tavmjdomare. batonebo, ukve ori saaTia. rogor inebebT, gadavi­
deT SekiTxvis ganxilvaze Tu ara? umetesoba momxrea veSapelis mier
tyis kanonis Seusruleblobis Sesaxeb Semotanil SekiTxvis ganxilvisa.

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 sityva baton miwad-moqmedebis ministrs xomeriks ekuTvnis.

5. SekiTxva damf. krebis wevris gr. veSapelisa tyis

kanonis Seusruleblobis Sesaxeb.

n. xomeriki. moqalaqeno, damfuZnebeli krebis wevrno! batonma ve­

Sapelma aseTi braldebebi wamogviyena: kanons ar asrulebTo, samin­
istro moqmedebs fiskaluri mizniT, 5 dekembris dekrets ar anx­
orcielebTo da amiT did gaWirvebaSi CaagdeT xalxio. Cveni uwyeba
miznad isaxavda da axlac isaxavs tyeebis dacvas, tyis gamokvlevas,
dagegmvas da sxva. revoliuciamde 1 mil. 890 aTasi des. tyidan mx­
olod 100 aTasi desetina tye iyo Seswavlil-dagegmili. revoliuci­
is pirvel wels mxolod 34 aTasi desetina tye daigegma. yovelive es
mowmobs mas, rom tyis gamokvleva metad rTuli saqmea. igi moiTxovs
did xarjs, auarebel Stats da Tu Tqven miiRebT mxedvelobaSi Cveni
xazinis mdgomareobas, maSin advili warmosadgenia, Tu ra rTuli da
mZime saqmea gasakeTebeli. Cveni tyeebi 60 samouravod aris gayofili.
mxolod 37 gvyavs mouravi; maTganSiac mxolod 13 aris specialisti.
mouravebis TanaSemweni 80 kacia. imaTSi mxolod 6 aris specialisti.
gana am mcireodeni ZalebiT SeiZleba tyis Seswavla? miuxedavad yove­
live dabrkolebisa, Cven mainc viRebdiT zomebs, raTa xalxis moTxov­
nileba dagvekmayofilebina. rodesac veSapeli amtkicebs, rom uwyeba
ar cdilobda xalxis saarsebo interesebi daekmayofilebinaTo, es ar
aris marTali. piriqiT, dekretis gamocemamde uwyebam jer kidev 1918
wels SeimuSava tyis sargeblobis SeRavaTiani pirobebi. magal., erTi
kubikuri saJen SeSaze baJi aris 30 man. Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi Ta­
namedrove siZvires, davinaxavT, rom arsebuli fasebi metad mcirea.
1919 w. 10 Tebervals uwyebam daugzavna instruqcia erobebs, romel­
Tac evalebaT, Tval-yuri adevnon tyiT mizanSewonilad sargeblobas.
rom ar gasWirebodaT glexebs tyis nebarTvis aReba, Cven davadgineT,
rom nebarTvas, garda tyis mouravisa, aZlevden erobebi, erTeulebi.
erTi garemoebaa, romelic iwvevs ukmayofilebas. uwin tyis sarge­
bloba xdeboda uwesrigod, rodesac tyeebi saxelmwifos xelSi gad­
movida, Cven valdebuli viyaviT mogvevlo tyeebisaTvis, ar SegveZlo
Zveli wesi dagvetovebina: mcxovrebni SeCveulni tyis uangariSod
xarjvas, ukmayofilebas gamosTqvamden, TviT erobebic ukmayofiloni
iyvnen amiT, magram rodesac isini gaecnen saqmis viTarebas, darwmun­
den, rom uwyebas sxva saSualeba ar hqonda. Cven maqsimalur daTmoba­
ze mivdiodiT. qarTlSi Cven, magaliTad, neba miveciT xuTis wlis sa­
xarjo tye erT weliwadSi moexmaraT, amaze mets daTmobaze Cven ver
wavidodiT. es daazaralebda Cvens qveyanas. tyis usargeblod ganad­
gureba Sescvlis haers da Tu bevr Cvenis qveynis kuTxeebSi auarebeli

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adgilebi aklebulia mdinareebiT, amis mizezi aris tyis uangariSod
xarjva. vinc guldasmiT waikiTxavs 5 dekembris dekrets, imisTvis
cxadi iqneba, rom dekretis ganxorcielebas didi dro esaWiroeboda.
yovelive kiTxvebs, dekretSi aRZruls Seswavla unda. dekretis gan­
saxorcieleblad didi muSaoba swarmoebda uwyebaSi.
uwyeba dekretis miRebisTanave Seudga winaswar muSaobas da de­
kembris 12 SeimuSava proeqti instruqciisa, romelic ganxilul iqna
sxva da sxva krebebis mier, sadac iyvnen rogorc specialistebi, ise
saadgil-mamulo ganyofilebis warmomadgenlebi. ganxilvis Semdeg es
instruqcia davamtkiceT da am instruqciis mixedviT swarmoebs dRes
muSaoba.
pirvelad yovlisa saWiro iyo bevr adgilas gamorkveva tyis
sargeblobis sakiTxisa. swamoebs muSaoba normis micemis Sesaxeb da
agreTve vikvlevT imas, Tu vin da ra pirobebSi sargeblobda wineT
tyiT. me maqvs moxseneba TianeTis, siRnaRis, Telavis da zogierT sxva
adgilebidan, sadac tyis sargeblobis sakiTxi mogvarebuli aris. sxva
adgilas muSaoba swarmoebs da male mogvardeba. magram rac Seexeba
erT sakiTxs, saxeldobr imas, Tu romeli tyeebi unda darCes saxelmwi­
fos xelSi da ra nairi zomebi unda iqnes miRebuli maT SesanaxaT, amis
Sesaxeb winaswari muSaoba swarmoebs.
b-ni veSapeli gaecno SekiTxvis Semotanis Semdeg Cven muSaobas da
man ganacxada, rom marTalia instruqcia gamosces, magram gamosces
imis Semdeg, rac me kiTxva Semovitaneo. marTalia es instruqcia dabe­
Wdilia SekiTxvis Semotanis Semdeg, magram SekiTxvamdis gazeTebSi
iyo vrceli angariSebi im krebebis Sesaxeb, sadac am sakiTxs ixilavden
da b-n veSapels rom cota yuradReba mieqcia imisaTvis, Tu ra xdeba
uwyebaSi, ra muSaoba swarmoebs iq, maSin is Tavis Tavs nebas miscemda
es eWvi Semoetana. aseTi iyo Cveni muSaoba.
axla dekretis ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb; kerZo momarTvaSi, ro­
melic modioda miwad-moqmedebis saministros, gvTxovden sakiTxis
adgilobrivi gamorkveva dagveCqarebina. iyo SemTxvevebi rodesac
modioden saCivariT, rom esa Tu is mouravi ar akmayofilebs Cven
samarTlian moTxovnilebaso. uwyeba dauyovnebliv ugzavnida gankar­
gulebas Tavis mouravebs da erobebs, rom daekmayofilebinaT moTx­
ovnilebani da monawileoba mieRoT dekretis cxovrebaSi gatarebis
dros. me maqvs yvela momarTvis Sesaxeb cnobebi da agreTve yvela pa­
suxi uwyebis mier miwerili. is kerZo SemTxvevebi, romelic daasaxe­
la veSapelma Tavis sityvaSi, yvela am SemTxvevis Sesaxeb aris gankar­
guleba gacemuli Txovnis Semosvlis meore-mesame dRes, ase rom arc am
SemTxvevaSi b-n veSpels ar qonda ufleba, ganecxadebina, rom Cven ar
vaqcevdiT yuradRebas momarTvebs, romlebic CvenTan modioda.
me gadavdivar instruqciaze da kanonis Soris damokidebulebaze.
verSapelma dainaxa winaaRmdegoba instruqciasa da kanons Soris. man
mxolod ori sabuTi moiyvana, or garemoebas miaqcia yuradReba. erTi

354
mflobeloba normis miRebis sakiTxis Sesaxeb da meore 10% gadasaxadi.
b-ni veSapeli amtkicebs Tavis sityvaSi, rom uwyebas ar qonda ufleba
ise ganemarta dekreti, rogorc es man ganmartao. Cven instruqciis
me-5 muxlSi vlaparakobT, rom tyis mflobeloba kanoniT ar vrcel­
deba im tyeebze, romelic Tavis mdebareobiT, tyis masalis Semadgen­
lobiT saxelmwifo mniSvnelobis tyeT aris cnobili. veSapelis azriT,
kanoni uflebas aZlevda da uwyeba ki zRudavda kerZo mflobelobaso.
b-n veSpeli am SemTxvevaSi scdeba. aprioraTac rom vimsjeloT, Seu­
Zlebelia vifiqroT, rom kanonmdebels daewesebia raime upiratesoba
kerZo pirTaTvis da es ar gaevrcelebia soflis sazogadoebaze. mTeli
dekreti ise aris Sedgenili, rom is upiratesobas aZlevda sofels da
soflis sazogadoebas da Semdeg icavda piris interesebs. magram Cven
viciT, vxvdebiT iseT adgilebs, romelic am sakiTxis Sesaxeb SekiTxva­
Si or azrs ar iwvevs. momxsenebeli Tavis ukanasknel sityvaSi lapara­
kobs, rom gamonaklisi erTi SeiZleba, norma yvelam unda miiRos, visac
ar miuRia. upasuxeb momxsenebls, es aris umTavresi seimma rom kanoni
miiRo. aq, araviTari gadaxveva ar Cagvidenia. Tavis Tavad cxadia,
saxelmwifo mniSvnelobis tyeze aravin ar fiqrobs, rom ganxorciel­
des es dekreti. saxelmwifo mniSvnelobis tyidan, rasakvirvelia, ar
SeiZleboda norma migveca vinmesTvis. tyis mflobeloba dekretiT ar
vrceldeba saxelmwifo mniSvnelobis tyeebze, norma miecemaT sxva ty­
idan, sxva adgilidan. rac unda didi iyos tye, Zvirfasi iyos tyis masa­
la, iq yovelTvis naxavT nawils, romelsac ar aqvs saxelmwifo mniSvne­
loba. ai am adgilebidan miscemen kerZo mesakuTreT saWiro masalas. aq
araviTar winaaRmdegobas da kanonis darRvevas ar vxedavT.
exla meore sakiTxi. – b. veSapeli acxadebs, vinaidan dekreti
pirdapir laparakobs, rom im soflis sazogadoebas, romelsac winad
eZleodaT ufasod, exlac aseTi wesiT unda mieceTo, amitom aravi­
Tari gadasaxadis daweseba ar SeiZlebao. veSapeli aqac scdeba da
simarTle formaluri Cvens mxareze aris. marTalia, ufasod winad­
ac eZleodaT masala, magram es micema ar exeba 10% gadasaxads, iyo
es tye saxazino Tu kerZo. saxazino tyeebia Tu ara, yvelas xvdeba es
gadasaxadi. kanonSi pirdapir aris naTqvami, rom am SemTxvevaSi ar­
aviTari gamonaklisi daSvebuli ar unda iyos. me xelT maqvs satyeo
wesdebis is muxli, romelic savaldebuloT xdis am gadasaxads, rom
yvela is, vinc tyeSi Seva, xes mosWris, masalas gamoitans, valdebu­
lia 10% gadaixados, amis daniSnuleba aris tyis aRdgena, gawmenda
totebisagan, rom tyeSi sxva da sxva avadmyofoba ar gavrceldes.
exla maqvs brZaneba saxelmwifo mamulebis sammarTvelos ufrosisa,
saidanac Tqven cxadad dainaxavT, rom Cven araviTari kanonis dar­
Rveva ar mogvixdenia, imitom rom 10% gadasaxadi yvelasTvis saval­
debulo gavxadeT. es rom kanonmdebels ar surveboda, maSin pirdapir
ityoda, mieces im pirobebSi, ra pirobebSi eZleodaT Zvelado, e. i.
araviTari gadasaxadi ar daewesebinaT mcxo­vrebTaTvis. da ar vici

355
veSapeli ra mosazrebas emyareba, rodesac amtkicebs, rom instruq­
cia am muxlSi ewinaaRmdegeba kanonso. veSapeli imdenad gaitaca sur­
vilma daamtkicos uwyebis ukanono moqmedeba, rom warmoadgina iseTi
ram, romelsac sinamdvileSi adgili ar aqvs. mag. is amtkicebs, rom
10% gadasaxads SeuZlia tyis fass gadaaWarbos da amnairad glexkacs
davtvirTavT es gadasaxadi rom davawesoTo. am SemTxvevaSi SeuZle­
beli gaxdeba tyis masaliT sargeblobao. es yovlad Seusabamo mo­
sazrebaa. rogor SeiZleba nixri udrides tyis masalis fass? gansa­
kuTrebuli surviliT unda iyos gatacebuli adamiani, rom aseTi ram
am tribunidan gamoitanos.
amnairad Tqven xedavT, rom veSapeli ar aris arc erT Tavis
debulebaSi marTali. satyeo uwyebis politika ar yofila araso­
des mcxovrebTa Seviwroebis politika, uwyeba ar cdila, rom kanoni
SeeCerebina, piriqiT, uwyeba dRidan gamocxadebisa Seudga am kanonis
cxovrebaSi gatarebas, magram imuSava ise rogorc SeeZlo. Tavis in­
struqciiT uwyebas kanoni ar daurRvevia, is savsebiT eTanxmeba ga­
mocemul kanons. (taSi).
d. oniaSvili. (s.-d.) damf. krebis wevrno! grigol veSapelma Tavis
sityvaSi dRes ganacxada, rom is moeloda miwad-moqmedebis saminis­
trosagan magar pasuxs. unda mogaxsenoT, rom magari pasuxi Sedegia
magari SekiTxvis. da Tu amas miviRebT mxedvelobaSi, unda gamovtyde
da gulaxdilad vaRiaro, rom is SekiTxva, romelic Semoitana gr. ve­
Sapelma, Zalian moisustebs. me maxsovs, rodesac warsul krebaze gr.
veSapelma sTqva: amboben, rom miwad-moqmedebis ministri principial­
urad am dekretis gatarebis winaaRmdegi iyovo. roca deputati ga­
modis damfuZnebel krebaSi am argumentiT: „ambobeno“, ra Tqma unda
aseT SekiTxvas araviTari Rirebuleba ar eqneba. am azrsa da loRi­
kas rom gavyveT, SeiZleba imis Tqma, rom amboben imasac, rom veSpeli
am SekiTxvis Semotanamdis mivida miwad-moqmedebis ministrTan da
moiTxova masala, da rodesac gaecno, ganacxada, rom amis Semdeg Cems
SekiTxvas yovelive fasi daekargao. (veSapeli: amboben, rom xomerik­
ma otstavka Seitanao).
im gzas ar unda davadgeT, romelsac daadga SemkiTxveli. saer­
Tod unda aRvniSnoT, rom rac Cven am kanonmdeblobiTi muSaobas
vawarmoebT yvelaze meti ieriSebi da Tav-dasxma gamouvlia miwad-mo­
qmedebis saministros. amis mizezi aris ara saministros sisuste, ar­
amed im saqmis sirTule da siZnele, romelsac emsaxureba miwad-moq­
medebis saministro. aravisTvis ar aris saidumlo, rom es saqme aris
uZnelesi. tyis sakiTxi aris uaRresad rTuli gadasawyveti sakiTxi.
am tyis sakiTxis mogvareba da erTi dakvriT gadaWra SeuZlebelia.
veSapels xelze dauxvevia dekretis sityvebi: „dekreti ese ZalaSi
Sedis dRidan miRebisao“, da sruliad ar uwevs angariSs im garemoe­
bas, im pirobebs, ra pirobebSiac tardeba esa Tu is dekreti cxovre­
baSi. Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom miwad-moqmedebis saministros muSaoba

356
sezonuri xasiaTisaa. vidre es dekreti gatardeba, aucileblad saW­
iroa im muxlebis ganxorcieleba, romlebsac es dekreti eyrdnoba.
pirvel muxlSi laparakia normis Sesrulebaze. es dekreti rom iyos
tyis gaCexis dekreti, rogorc es unda veSapels, rasakvirvelia, aq
arc dro, arc Sesworeba ar iqneboda saWiro. rogor gindaT, rom mi­
wad-moqmedebis saministrom ise gaataros dekreti cxovrebaSi, rom
ar awarmovos winaswari muSaoba? Cven gvqonda cnoba, rom miwad-moq­
medebis saministro awarmoebs winaswar muSaobaso. SeiZleba iTqvas,
rom muSaoba didxans gastans. aq laparakia raodenobaze da ara prin­
cipialur gansxvavebaze, romelzedac miuTiTebs b. veSapeli. Cven
viciT, rom vidre instruqcias gamoscemda, miwad-moqmedebis saminis­
trom daagzavna Tavisi agentebi samegreloSi, kaxeTSi da sxv. es agen­
tebi acnobden sxva da sxva organizaciebs am dekretis Sinaars. roca
saministro SeiaraRebula im masalebiT, romelic miawoda xalxma, ma­
Sin Seudgenia is instruqcia, romelzedac aq iyo laparaki.
me ar minda vilaparako, Tu ramdenad mizanSewonilad da kargad
aris Sedgenili es instruqcia, amaze laparaki damfuZnebel krebisT­
vis dros dakargvaa. aq saWiro aris specialuri codna, magram Tqven
mogexsenebaT, rom Cven gvaqvs senati, iq SedarebiT Cvenze ufro ga­
mocdilebi arian. amis Semdeg senati gamoitans Sesafers daskvnas da
Cven miT vixelZRvanelebT. es aris senatis kompentencia. (gvazava: ro­
meli unda movspoT?). warsul krebaze veSapelma sTqva, rom miwad-mo­
qmedebis ministrs araviTari zomebi ar miuRia, rom es dekreti ga­
tarebuliyo da es sakiTxi uyuradRebod dastovao. moiyvana Sorapnis
da axalcixis magaliTebi. es ar Seefereba sinamdviles. Cems gankar­
gulebaSi aris patara cnoba, romelic sul winaaRmdegs amtkicebs. es
veSapelma kargad icoda da Cven ara gvaqvs ufleba gamovideT uapel­
acioT da vsTqvaT, rom miw.-moq. saminitro Cadis ganzrax borot-mo­
qmedebas da ministri winaaRmdegia am kanonis cxovrebaSi gatarebis.
SeiZleba erTi daskvna gamovitanoT: SeiZleba ramdenimeT dagvianda
am dekretis cxovrebaSi gatareba, magram es dagvianeba gamowveulia
ara borot-moqmedebiT da cudi ganzraxviT, aramed im dabrkolebiT
da pirobebiT, romelSiac uxdeboda saministros moqmedeba. obieq­
tiurad, rom vimsjeloT, saWiroa yvela kanoni, romelic miiReba,
meore dResve gavataroT, magram es ase ar xdeba. es am kanonis nakli
ar aris. saqme imaSia, rom cxovreba yovelTvis win uswrebs kanon­
mdeblobas. (veSapeli: amxanagi unda dauniSnoT ministrs da maSin
male gaatarebs?) Cemi daskvna is aris, rom tyis sakiTxSi araviTari
borot-moqmedeba ar yofila da ministrs ar qonia ganzraxva, rom kan­
onis cxovrebaSi gatarebisaTvis xeli SeeSala, pir-iqiT, saministro
zomebs iRebda misi cxovrebaSi gatarebisaTvis. Tu moxda dagvianeba,
moxda imitom, rom obieqtiuri pirobebi uSlida xels. aseTia daskvna
da amas gaiziarebs damfuZnebel krebis umravlesoba da yvela is, vinc
Cvens muSaobas Tvalyurs adevnebs. (veSapeli: senati ara!).

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 Tavmjdomare. kamaTi dasrulebuli gaxlavT. Semosulia Semdegi
gadasvlis formula: „moismina ra SekiTxva tyis mflobelobisa da
sargeblobis“ dekretis Seusruleblobis Sesaxeb da damakmayofile­
beli pasuxi miwad-moqmedebis ministrisa, damfuZnebeli kreba gadadis
morig sakiTxze. vin aris momxre am formulisa? umetesoba. miRebulia.
vinaidan qvorumi ar aris, sxdoma Seswydeba. jer-jerobiT moismineT
Semdegi dRis wesrigi. (mdivani kiTxulobs). sxdomas dasrulebulad
vacxadeb.
sxdoma 3 s. da 35 w. ixureba.

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 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

meTvramete sxdoma

(18)

1920 weli. maisis 21. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. gvardiis mobilizaciiT gamowveul xarjis dasafaravad

55.400.000 man. gadadebisa.
2. kanon-proeqti – samxedro mfrinavTaTvis haerSi frenisaTvis
gasamrjelos micemis Sesaxeb.
3. dekreti – saxalxo gvardiis 1919-1920 w. xarjT-aRricxvis
damatebad 28.769.759 man. da 48 kap. gadadebis Sesaxeb.
4. dekreti – sazRvar-gared myof saxelmwifo stipendiantebisaT­
vis 12.000.000 man. gadadebisa.
5. kanon-proeqti – saqarTvelos saxelmwifo bankis Statis da xarjT-­
aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
6. dekreti – socialuri daxmarebisa da misi organizaciisa.
7. gangrZoba msjelobisa – agrarul reformasTan dakavSirebul
davisa da saCivris ganxilvis wesis dekretis Sesaxeb.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebel krebis Tavmjdomaris amxanagi

eqvT. TayaiSvili.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivnis amx. qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas gaxsnilaT vacxadeb. mdivani mogaxsenebT
komisiebSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtebs da dRiur wesrigs.
mdivani. (kiTxulobs komisiebSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtebs).

359
 komisiebSi gadasacemi kanon-proeqtebi:

1. samxedro komisiis iniciativiT warmodgenili proeqti dekreti­

sa – saxalxo gvardiis 1919-1920 wlis xarjT-aRricxvis damatebad
28.769.759. man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.
2. Sromis ministris proeqti dekretisa – 2.000.000 man. gacemisa –
mixeil aramiancisagan iZulebiT CamorTmeul saxlis safasurad.
mdivani kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs.

dRiuri wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti kanon-proeqtisa – gareSe-saqmeTa saministros

kancelariis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. mom­
xsenebelia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
2. saboloo teqsti kanon-proeqtisa – foTis sakarantino, soxumis
sazRvao-saeqimo da sanainis sanapiro saeqimo sameTvalyureo saz­
Rvrebis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsene­
belia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
3. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – abreSumis parkis, Tambaqos da
matylis mwarmoebelTaTvis sesxis misacemad 75.000.000 man. gadadebi­
sa. momxsenebelia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
4. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – 219.748.364 man. gadadebisa samxe­
dro saministros 1919–1920 w. xarjT-aRricxvis damatebad. momxsene­
belia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
5. gangrZoba msjelobisa – agrarul reformasTan dakavSirebul
davisa da saCivris ganxilvis wesis dekretis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia
kirile niniZe.
6. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – mevenaxeobis da
meRvineobis tfilisis da quTaisis sagubernio komitetis gauqmebis
da alaianis, kondolis da Cumlayis sanergeebis erobisaTvis gadace­
mis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia k. niniZe.
7. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – mkvidrTagan mi­
tovebul yofil saxazino miwebis saxelmwifo fondSi gadasvlis Ses­
axeb. momxsenebelia k. niniZe.
8. dekreti – socialuri daxmarebisa da misi organizaciisa. mom­
xsenebelia d. oniaSvili da i. fircxalaiSvili.
9. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – saqarTvelos sa­
xelmwifo bankis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
10. dekreti – sazRvar-gared saswavleblad myof saxelmwifo sti­
pendiantebisaTvis 12.000.000 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia n. imnaiS­
vili.

360
 11. dekreti – saxalxo gvardiis mobilizaciiT gamowveul xarjis
dasafaravad 55.000.000 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia s. mdivani.
12. dekreti – saxalxo gvardiis 1919–1920 wlis xarjT-arRicxvis
damatebad 27.769.759 man. da 48 kap. gadadebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia s.
mdivani.
13. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – samxedro mfri­
navTaTvis haerSi frenisaTvis gasamrjelos micemis Sesaxeb. momxsene­
belia s. mdivani.
Tavmjdomare. dRis wesrigis Sesaxeb Semosuli gaxlavT winadade­
ba soc.-demokratiuli biurosagan. vis surs sityva dRis wesrigis
Sesaxeb? sityva aravis ar surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi am wesrigisa?
winaaRmdegi aravin aris. dRis wesrigi miRebulia. mogxsendebaT sab­
oloo teqstebi.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli (kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigis 1, 2, 3 da 4 mux­
lebSi aRniSnuls sakanonmdeblo aqtebis saboloo teqstebs, romleb­
sac kreba iRebs aucileblad).
Tavmjdomare. mogxsendebaT dekreti (kiTxulobs). b. oniaSvils
ekuTvnis sityva. (oniaSvili ar aris). b. fircxalaiSvili.

1. dekreti socialur daxmarebisa da misi organizaciisa.

i. fircxalaiSvili (s.-d.) batonebo, im dekrets, romelic warmod­

genilia Tqven mier misaRebad da dasamtkiceblad, droebiTi xasiaTi
aqvs. droebiTi, sanam axali sapensio wesdeba SemuSavdebodes, romel­
sac ukve Seudgnen. magram es saqme imdenad rTulia, rom did dros
moiTxovs da manamde im pirT, romelTac Sromis unari dakarguli aqvT,
manamde unda mieces socialuri daxmareba. warmodgenili kanon-proeq­
tis ZaliT socialuri daxmareba miecema saxelmwifos yofil moxeleT,
samxedro pirT da agreTve warmoebaSi yofil muSebs, maT qvrivebs da
oblebs 17 wlamde. saqarTvelos damoukideblobis gamocxadebis Sem­
deg Cven teritoriaze darCa didZali Sromis unar dakargulni da
dauZlurebulni, romelnic saxelmwifo xazinidgan Rebuloben pensi­
as, romelTac es pensia daniSnuli hqondaT Zveli sapensio wesdebis
ZaliT. aseTi memkvidreebi miviReT Cven saqarTvelos damoukideblo­
bis gamocxadebis Semdeg. amasTanave aRmoCnda, rom jer kidev damou­
kideblobis gamocxadebamde iseTma pirebma, romlebsac araviTari kav­
Siri ara hqondaT saqarTvelosTan, TavianTi pensia gadmoitanes Cvens
xazinaSi da amis saSualebiT iReben pensias. magram mimdinare wlis
1-idan es pirebi pensias aRar iReben da dRes umweo mdgomareobaSi
imyofebian. saxelmwifo erTgvarad movalea am pirebs raime daxmareba
gauwios. warmodgenili kanon-proeqtis ZaliT daxmareba unda mieces
Cven qveSevrdomT, magram am dekretSi aris erTi gamonaklisi. im pirT,

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romelTac umetes naxevari samsaxurisa gautarebia saqarTveloSi da
ukanaskneli ori wlis ganmavlobaSi scxovrobda Cvens teritoriaze,
unda daeniSnos pensia, socialuri daxmarebac unda mieces. es daxmare­
ba aris sam gvari: perioduli, erTdrouli da TavSesafarSi moTavse­
ba. amasTanave unda vaRiaro, rom am kanon-proeqtis ZaliT daxmareba
ar miecemaT imaT, visac Sromis unari dakarguli aqvT omSi mas Semdeg,
rac saqarTvelos damoukidebloba gvaqvs gamocxadebuli. amaT Sesax­
eb Cven miRebuli gvaqvs ori sagangebo kanon-proeqti: erTi miviReT
ianvris 21 1919 wlisa, meore ivnisis 10 1919 wels. es ori kategoria
ar Sedis am kanon-proeqtSi. mxolod daxmarebis norma, SedarebiT
imasTan, rasac Cven exla vadgenT, bevrad ufro didia. am kanon-pro­
eqtis ZaliT daxmareba unda mivceT im pirT, romelTac erTis mxriv
Sromis unari dakarges da amave dros ara aqvT saSualeba cxovrebi­
sa. da Tu aris iseTi piri, romelsac saSualeba, saxsari aqvs cxovre­
bisa, imas daxmareba ar miecema. am SemTxvevaSi daxmarebis normebi ar
aris gansazRvruli. mxolod im organizaciebs, romlebsac miendoba
amis cxovrebaSi gatareba, ufleba eZlevaT es daxmareba miscen maT,
ara umetes 1.000 maneTisa, es igi TviT normas awesebs is organizacia,
romelsac miendoba kanonis cxovrebaSi gatareba. Sromis saministro­
sTan arsebobs socialuri daxmarebis komiteti, romelic Sesdgeba
Semdegi pirebisagan: am komitets Tavmjdomareobs Sromis ministri
an misi amxanagi, TiTo warmomadgeneli finansTa saministrosi, saxel­
mwifo kontrolisa, erT warmomadgenels niSnavs Sromis saministro
da erTsac saqarTvelos profesionalur kavSirebis sabWo. es aris is
5 piri, romelnic gauZRvebian saqmes. Semweobis micema swarmoebs adg­
ilobriv TviTmmarTvelobaTa saSualebiT, maTi daxmarebiT. esa Tu is
piri acnobebs erobas, qalaqis TviTmmarTvelobas, rom iman Sromis
unari dakarga. qalaqis TviTmmarTveloba an eroba amowmebs am pirs.
SemowmebaSi monawileobas iRebs ara nakleb 2 eqimisa da Tavis daskvnas
qalaqis TviTmmarTveloba, an eroba ugzavnis Sromis saministros.
Sromis saministro ki gansazRvravs normas, romelic unda miiRos ama
Tu im pirma. es aris mTeli organizaciuli nawili am kanon-proeqti­
sa. ukanasknelis cxovrebaSi gatareba moiTxovs 26 milions erTi wlis
ganmavlobaSi. agreTve amisTvis unda moewyos calke ganyofileba
Sromis saministrosTan. es Stati ukve Sedgenilia. amis Sesaxeb safi­
nanso da sabiujeto komisiis warmomadgeneli gamosTqvams Tavis azrs,
radganac amis Sesaxeb iqonia msjeloba safinanso-sabiujeto komisiam.
Tavmjdomare. b. oniaSvili.
d. oniaSvili. (s.-d.) dekreti sabiujeto komisiamac gaarCia da
radganac sakiTxi friad saCqaro iyo, sabiujeto komisiam daamtkica
26 milioni maneTis Tanxa mTeli organizaciis mosawyobaT.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis b. veSapels ekuTvnis sityva.
gr. veSapeli. (e.-p.) batonebo, socialuri daxmarebis sakiTxs axali
redaqciiT – winandeli pensiis sakiTxs sazogadod didi mniSvneloba

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aqvs swored imaTTvis, visac umsaxuria da umuSavnia gansakuTrebiT
saxelmwifo samsaxurSi, saxelmwifos gankargulebaSi. es kanon-proeq­
ti Tavis Tavad cxadia, misaRebia da amis sawinaaRmdegod ar SeiZleba
ram iTqvas. magram, ramdenadac es kanon-proeqti warmoadgens sapensio
sakiTxis droebiT gadawyvetas da SeiZleba gadadebas, imdenad zo­
gierTi ram unda iTqvas mis Sesaxeb. saqarTvelos respublikaSi ram­
denime aTasi, SeiZleba iTqvas pirdapir aTi aTasi moxele iqneba, ro­
melnic suliT da xorciT arian dainteresebulni pensiis sakiTxSi, am
sakiTxis gadawyvetaSi. aris ramdenime aTasi kaci, romlebic samsaxur­
Si aris imitom, rom pensiis sakiTxi jer ar aris gadawyvetili, Tum­
ca wlovanebas da namsaxurobas imdenad aqvs gavlena maTze, rom isini
TiTqos invalidebis kategorias ekuTvnian. aseTebi arian magaliTad
fosta-telegrafis moxeleni. arc erTi am moxeleTagani TviTon sam­
saxuridan ar gadis da arc administracia aiZulebT maT samsaxuridan
gasvlas da verc aiZulebs imitom rom, Tu gavidnen, darCebian ulukma­
purod. am kanon-proeqtSi aris erTi fraza, romelSic naTqvamia, rom
winandeli sapensio wesdeba da wesi imiT iyo uarsayofi exlandel
TvalsazrisiT, rom garemoebaTa gamo, meti yuradReba ar eqceoda mu­
Sa-mosamsaxureebs, e. i. muSebs, gansakuTrebiT kerZo warmoebis muSeb­
so. magram es Tu marTalia, Cven ar SegviZlia SevqmnaT iseTi mdgo­
mareoba, rom saxelmwifom izrunos marto muSa-mosamsaxureebisaTvis
da rac Seexeba moxeleebs saerTod, maT ar mivaqcioT yuradReba da
maTi daxmarebis sakiTxi Soreul drosaTvis gadavdvaT. yovlad Seu­
Zlebeli iqneba Tu umciresobis sakiTxi, gansakuTrebiT iseTis, ro­
goric arian es moxeleni, romelnic marTlac arc iseT umciresobas
warmoadgenen, mxolod imitom rom eseni ufro maRali moxeleni arian,
vidre SeiZleba iTqvas, muSa-mosamsaxureni, mxolod amitom maTi pensi­
is sakiTxi ufro iolad gadawydes. Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom es moxele­
ni arian inteligenturi ZarRvi saxelmwifosi. Tu muSa-mosamsaxureni
asruleben fizikur funqciebs, es moxeleni asruleben inteleqtual­
ur funqciebs. maT muyaiTobaze aris damokidebuli bevri ram, amaSi me
bevri dawesebuleba dameTanxmeba. da rodesac es moxeleni grZnoben,
rom ar arian uzrunvelyofilni, Tavis Tavad cxadia maTTvis iqmne­
ba iseTi fsiqologiuri mdgomareoba, rogoric winad iyo muSebis da
dabal mosamsaxureebisTvis saxelmwifoSi. exla dabal mosamsaxureT
Zalian mravali organizaciebi aqvT, profesionaluri kavSirebi, rom­
lebic icaven maT interesebs.
socialuri daxmarebis warmoeba sapensio sakiTxis mougvare­
blobas ver swyvets, ver awesrigebs. me mgonia amisi axsna yovlad
SeuZlebelia. me vambob, yovlad SeuZlebelia saxelmwifoSi Seiqmnes
privilegiuri klasi da mxolod mas mieqces yuradReba. saWiroa rom
saxelmwifom erTnairi yuradReba, erTnairi mzrunveloba gauwios
rogorc muSa-mosamsaxureebs dabal kategoriisas, ise moxeleebs,
romlebsac moyavT moZraobaSi mTeli saxelmwifoebrivi rTuli apara­

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ti. me minda mogagonoT is garemoeba, rom ramdenime aTasi moxele dRe­
daRam amas fiqrobs, rodis gadawydeba misi sakiTxi. am kanon-proeq­
tiT, rasakvirvelia, nawili am xalxisa kmayofildeba, es nawili aris
is, romelsac dakarguli aqvs unari Sromisa, e. i. invalidebi. meore
xarisxi – is, romelsac sruliad saxsari ara aqvs, me mgonia aseTi Se­
viwroveba daxmarebis aRmoCenisa moxeleTaTvis, muSebisa Tu mosamsax­
ureebisaTvis usargeblo aris. mere vTqvaT, rom saxsari aqvs, magram
man imsaxura 25-30 w., maSin nu Tu mas neba ara aqvs im saxelmwifosa­
gan, romelsac ramdenime weli Seswira, nu Tu ufleba ara aqvs, rom am
saxelmwifosagan moiTxovos Tavisi Tavis uzrunvelyofa? sxvanairad
me mgonia saxelmwifo ver moewyoba. erTi moxele fosta-telegrafisa
axalqalaqSi, romelic invalidzed ufro uinvalidesia, ambobda, rom
ar vanebeb Tavs samsxurs mxolod imitom rom, es rom ar iyos, SimSil­
iT movkvdebodio da Tan daumata, rom Tu saxelmwifo iqneba agebuli,
rogorc moiTxovs amas demokratiuli Tvalsazrisi, rogor SeiZleba,
rom me Tavi Sevwiro samuSavos, vimsaxuro ramdenime aTi weliwadi da
pensia ar dameniSnoso. Tqven SegiZlianT am sakiTxs gverdi auxvioT
mxolod finansiuri mosazrebiT, rom dRes fulebi ar aris xazinaSi.
magram Cven SegviZlian amas miudgeT farTo masStabiT. samxedro saqme
iqneba, es momaragebis saqmeebi Tu sxva, am saqmeSic SeiZleba inicia­
tivis gamoCena da cda, movaxdinoT likvidacia, rom bolos da bolos
im pirT, romelnic msaxureben da samsaxuris SeZleba ki aRara aqvT –
samsaxurs Tavi daanebon. amis Tqma saWiroa imitom, rom kanon-proeqti
gansazRvrul daxmarebisa Rirseulad Secvlili iqnes kategoriaTa
mxolod ori niSniT. unda dakargos unari muSaobisa da araviTari sax­
sari ar unda hqondes arsebobisa. es iseTi viwro masStabi aris, rom
sapensio sakiTxs nawilobrivac ver swyvets. es imdenad inteleginci­
is sakiTxi ar aris, ramdenadac muSebisa. aucileblad saWiro aris
am sakiTxis gadawyveta, sapensio sistemis SemuSaveba da saTanado
kanon-proeqtis warmodgena damfuZnebel krebaSi.
Tavmjdomare. sxva sityvis msurveli aravin aris. sityva momxsen­
ebels ekuTvnis.
i. fircxalaiSvili (momxsenebeli) marTalia is, rom es sakiTxi bevrs
awuxebs. amaSi veTanxmebi b. veSapels, rom am sapensio wesdebis SemuSave­
ba saWiroa da bevri moxele umweo mdgomareobaSi imyofeba. me amis Ses­
axeb ukve mogaxseneT, rom am sapensio wesdebis Sedgenaze didi xania
muSaoba aris, magram es wesdeba dResac ar aris jer kidev SemuSavebuli
da rodesac SemuSavdeba, im wamsve Semova damfuZnebel krebaSi. mxolod
rac Seexeba sxva mosazrebebs, b. veSapels es kanon-proeqti kargad ar
gaugia. albad mas xelSi hqonda is dekreti, romelic dausrulebeli
iyo. Sromis komisiam Semdeg Sesworebebi Seitana am dekretSi. aq swer­
ia sul sxva, swored is, rasac moiTxovs b. veSapeli. aq iyo Tqmuli, rom
am dekretSi upiratesoba eZlevaT muSebs da moxeleni ki daviwyebulni
ariano. magram Sedarebaze da daviwyebaze Tu aris laparaki, aq pirvel

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muxlSi pirvelad sweria moxeleebis Sesaxeb. am SemTxvevaSi saxelmwifo
moxeleni daviwyebulni ar arian. ase rom, Tu upiratesobazed da pir­
velobazed miva saqme, davinaxavT, rom ukanaskneli adgili muSebs uka­
via (veSapeli: me saerTo politikas vambob!) TviT saerTo politikaSiac
ase aris. es pirebi arian CvenSi erTnair pirobebSi. Tu profesional­
ur Sromis unari dakarga, imas unda mieces daxmareba. umTavresi norma
aris 1000 man., SeiZleba 800 man., 700 man. da sxva. am SemTxvevaSi miRebuli
iqneba mxedvelobaSi materialuri mdgomareoba, romelSiac imyofeba
esa Tu is moxele. raT dakarga Sromis unari, ratom ar SeuZlian muSao­
ba, yvela es awonil-dawonili iqneba da amisda mixedviT gadawydeba
moxeleTa sakiTxi. rac Seexeba imas, rom mxolod amiT vxelmZRvanelobT,
rom mxolod imaT miecemaT daxmareba, visac araferi moeZebneba, esec
marTali ar aris. marTalia winandel redaqciaSi es iyo, magram dRevan­
del dekretSi es amoSlili aris. im SeniSvnaSi, sadac sweria, rom „Tu
saxsari ara aqvs“, ara sweria, „Tu araviTari saxsari ara aqvs“. saxsari
arsebobisa SeiZleba hqondes, magram es piri miiRebs daxmarebas. (veS­
apeli: ras niSnavs?) rogorc mogaxseneT im pirebs, romelTac umsaxur­
niaT 25-30 weliwadi, miecemaT Tu ara daxmareba? Tqven dasviT sakiTxi,
rom Tu umsaxurnia moxeles 25 w. da Sromis unari ar daukargavs, imasac
unda mieces daxmarebao da moiyvaneT magaliTi, rom erTi f.-t. moxele
ambobda, rom samsaxuridan wasvla minda, magram ver wavsulvar, radgan
SimSiliT movkvdebio. imas visac amdeni umsaxurnia da Sromis unari
ar daukargavs, saxelmwifo samsaxuridan ver gauSvebs. Tu wavida da
kerZo samsaxurSi adgili daikava da jamagiri miiRo, saxelmwifodan
is daxmarebas veRar miiRebs, magram wesdebaSi SevitaneT iseTi muxlic,
rom Tu adamians 25 weliwadi umsaxurnia, SeiZleba daxmareba miiRos.
(veSapeli: rasakvirvelia, valdebulebaa!). aq aris laparaki Sromis un­
aris dakargvazed, Tu Sromis unari dakarga, miiRebs, Tu ar dakarga
da SeuZlia kidev imsaxuros, is ar miiRebs. aseTia es dekreti, romelic
Semotanilia Tqvens gansaxilvelad.
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom gadavideT muxlobriv
ganxilvazed. miRebulia da gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvazed.
waikiTxeT.
fircxalaiSvili (kiTxulobs 1-l muxls).
Tavmjdomare. aris Semotanili winadadeba s.-d. fraqciisa, rom
pirvel muxlSi daematos Semdegi (kiTxulobs): „socialuri Semweo­
ba sruliad ar miecema im pirT, romelnic msaxurebden Zveli reJimis
dros JandarmTa sammarTveloSi da damcvelTa ganyofilebaSi“.
vin aris winaaRmdegi am SeniSvnisa? vin aris momxre? SeniSvna
miRebulia da am SeniSvniT miRebulia 1-li muxli. gTxovT meore mux­
li waikiTxoT. (meore muxli ukamaToT miRebulia). gTxovT waikiT­xoT
me-3 muxli. (me-3 muxlic miRebulia). gTxovT waikiTxoT me-4 muxli.
(me-4 muxli miRebulia). gTxovT waikiTxoT me-5 muxli. (momxsenebeli
kiTxulobs me-5 muxls). am muxlis Sesaxeb Sesworeba aris Semotanili

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s.-d. fraqaciis mier, rom me-5 muxlSi amoiSalos 1000 man. da Caematos:
daxmareba ar aRematos (ar ismis). vis surs sityva amis Sesaxeb? sityva
aravisa surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. miRebu­
lia. vis surs sityva me-5 muxlis Sesaxeb? aravis. vin aris winaaRmdegi?
miRebulia. gTxovT waikiTxoT Semdegi muxli. (miRebulia me-6, me-7, me-
8, me-9, me-10, me-11 muxlebi). gTxovT waikiTxoT Statebi. (momxsenebeli
kiTxulobs Statebs). axla debulebis me-2 muxli. (momxsenebeli kiT­
xulobs). me-26 muxli maqvs. ukacravad, Tqven visgan gaqvT miRebuli?
fircxalaiSvili. me 26 muxli maqvs – sabiujeto-safinanso komisi­
am gadmomca. pirveli momxsenebeli oniaSvili iyo.
Tavmjdomare. maS me-26 muxli. vis surs sityva? sityva aravisa
surs? vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. miRebulia. gTx­
ovT Semdegi waikiTxoT.
fircxalaiSvili. (kiTxulobs me-3 muxls).
Tavmjdomare. waikiTxeT Stati, romelic damtkicebulia.
fircxalaiSvili. (kiTxulobs).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? sityva aravisa surs. vin aris wi­
naaRmdegi? aravin aris. miRebuli gaxlavT. waikiTxeT Semdegi.
fircxalaiSvili. (kiTxulobs).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva saerToT dekretis Sesaxeb? sityva
aravis surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin aris. miRebulia da gadae­
cema saredaqcio komisias. saboloo teqsti dResve mogxsendebaT. exla
iqneba dekreti saxalxo gvardiis mobilizciiT gamowveul xarjis
dasafaravad 55.400.000 man. gadadebisa. es dekreti daxurul karebSi
unda garCeuliyo, magram winadadeba gaxlavT Semotanili, rom sax­
alxoT iyos ganxiluli da prezidiumsac araferi aqvs sawinaaRmdego.
momxsenebeli gaxlavT b. mdivani.

2. dekreti – saxalxo gvardiis mobilizaciiT gamowveul

xarjis dasafaravad 55.400.000 man. gadadebisa.

s. mdivani. (s.-f.) saxalxo gvardiis mobilizaciiT gamowveul xar­

jebis dasafaravad samxedro uwyeba iTxovs 55.400.000 man. es Tanxa
unda yofiliyo gadadebuli jer kidev martSi. magram sxva da sxva uw­
yebebSi gamoangariSebis gamo dagvianda da es sakiTxi irCeva mxolod
dRes, rodesac mobilizacia ukve moxda da es xarji ukve gaweuli aris.
aq dawvrilebiT aris aRniSnuli, Tu rad dagvWirda amdeni Tanxa. ga­
moangariSebuli aris agreTve im xalxis ricxvi, romlebic mobili­
zaciiT unda iyvnen gawveulni. amaSi Sedis xarji Cacma-daxurvisa,
SeiaraRebisa da sazrdosi erTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi. dawvrilebiT ver
mogaxsenebT, vinaidgan igi erTgvar saidumloebas Seicavs. zogadad
mogaxsenebT, rom saWiro aris 55.400.000 man. es dekreti wardgenili
qonda saxelmwifo kontroliorsa da finansTa ministrs da daskvna
orivedan dadebiTia. es dekreti ganixila agreTve samxedro da sabiu­

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jeto komisiebma da orive komisebma erTxmad daadgina iSuamdgomlos
Tqven winaSe, rom es Tanxa iqmnas gadadebuli samxedro uwyebis gankar­
gulebaSi.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis. vin
aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? aravin. gTxovT waikiTxoT.
s. mdivani. (kiTxulobs 1 muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vin aris am muxlis winaaRmdegi?
aravin. muxli miRebulia. gTxovT waikiTxoT Semdegi muxli.
s. mdivani. (kiTxulobs me-2 muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. meo­
re muxli miRebulia. vin aris saerTod mTeli dekretis winaaRmdegi?
aravin. maSasadame dekreti miRebulia da gadaecema saredaqcio komi­
sias.
Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis sim. mdivans.

3. dekreti – saxalxo gvardiis 1919-1920 wlis

xarjT-aRricxvis damatebad 28.269.759 man.
da 40 k. gadadebis Sesaxeb.

sim. mdivani. amas winad damfuZnebelma krebam miiRo gansazRvruli

Tanxa samxedro uwyebisaTvis damatebiTi xarjebis dasafaravad. mo­
gexsenebaT, rom es xarjT-aRricxva, romelic wined iyo Sedgenili da
is Tanxa, romelic am xarjT-aRricxviT gamoTxovili, ar iyo sakmarisi
gvardiis Sesanaxad. aris iseTi xarjebi, romelic ar Seefereba im Tanx­
as, romelic Tqven mier iyo gadadebuli. amisaTvis, saxalxo gvardiis
mTavari Stabi da samxedro uwyeba iTxovs, rom sabiujeto wlis damle­
vamde damatebiT mieces 28.269.759 man. Tu rogor aris ganawilebuli
es Tanxa, dekrets Tan axlavs nusxa da iq aris dawvrilebiT CamoTvli­
li is muxlebi, romlis ZaliT saxalxo gvardia Txoulobs am Tanxis
gadidebas damatebiTi xarjebis dasafaravad. es dekreti wardgeni­
li qonda saxelmwifo kontrols da finansTa ministrs. imaTi daskvna
dadebiTia. samxedro da sabiujeto komisiam ganixila dawvrilebiT es
dekreti da daadgina, rom iSuamdgomlos Tqven winaSe, rom es Tanxa
iqmnas gaRebuli im xarjebis dasafaravad, romlebic mouvida saxalxo
gvardias. da Tqven kargad iciT, rom dRevandel pirobebs ar Seef­
ereba is normebi, romlebSiac wined cxovrobda uwyeba. is kreditebi,
romlebic iyo gaRebuli damfuZnebel krebis mier amowuruli aris.
da dRes saxalxo gvardias ar aqvs Tanxebi, rom es xarjebi dafaros.
amitom Suamdgomlobs Tqvens winaSe, rom damatebiTi xarjebisaTvis
gadadebuli iyos es Tanxa.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva saeTo msjelobisaTvis? aravis. vin
aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? aravin. gadavdivarT muxlo­
briv ganxilvaze. gTxovT waikiTxoT.

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 s. mdivani. (kiTxulobs meore muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. meo­
re muxli miRebulia. vin aris saerTod mTeli dekretis winaaRmdegi?
aravin. dekreti miRebulia da misi saboloo teqsti mogxsendebaT
dResve.

4. pirveli zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa

samxedro mfrinavTaTvis haerSi frenisaTvis
gasamrjelos micemis Sesaxeb.

Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis momxsenebels simon mdivans.

sim. mdivani. (s.-f.) ZiriTadi Statebis ZaliT, romelic aris miRe­
buli damfuZnebel krebis mier, aris nagulisxmevi, rom mfrinavebs
varjiSobisaTvis eZlevaT gansakuTrebuli jildo, rasakvirvelia,
garda im jamagirisa, romelic gansazRvrulia StatiT. Tqven mogex­
senebaT, rom jamagirebma ganicades mravalgvari cvlileba – bevrjel
gadidden, magram, rac Seexeba jildos, is Zveli darCa, rogorc Zir­
iTadi Stati iyo navaraudevi. vinaidan es ar Seefereba dRevandel
pirobebs, amitom saWiroa am jildos gadideba. es jildo maT eZlevaT
imisaTvis, rom metis xalisiT awarmoon varjiSoba. amisaTvis, samx­
edro uwyebam dainaxa saWirod, rom jildo gadiddes SedarebiT im
normasTan, romelic wined iyo dawesebuli.
unda mogaxsenoT, rom jildos micemis droebi gansazRvrulia.
umciresi vada, romelSiac jildo miecema aris naxevari saaTis dro,
udidesi ki, romlis ganmavlobaSi eZleva jildo, aris 15 saaTi. am xnis
ganmavlobaSi eZlevaT maT jildo. Tu naxevar saaTze naklebi ivar­
jiSes, maSin araferi ar eZlevaT. frenis pirvel naxevar saaTSi eZleva
naklebi, vidre Semdeg droSi. ase TandaTanobiT aris navaraudevi am
jildos gansazRvra.
am dekrets Tan axlavs dadebiTi daskvna saxelmwifo kontro­
liorisa da finansTa ministrisa. es dekreti ganxiluli iyo samxe­
dro komisiaSi da sabiujeto komisiaSi da orive komisia daeTanxma
amas da Suamdgomlobs Tqvens winaSe, rom miiRoT is nusxa, romelsac
kanon-proeqtis muxlobriv ganxilvis dros mogaxsenebT, radgan Zir­
iTadi Statis Secvla aris saWiro im normebis mixedviT. samxedro
uwyeba da sabiujeto komisia Suamdgomlobs Tqvens winaSe, rom es
kanon-proeqti miRebul iqnes.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobrivi ganxilvisa? aravin. muxlobrivi
ganxilva moxdeba saTanado vadis Semdeg.

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 5. pirveli zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa
saqarTvelos saxelmwifo bankis Statisa da
xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis n. imnaiSvils.

n. imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) Cveni saxelmwifo banki arc erT uwyebebSi ar
Sedis debulebis Tanaxmad. rogorc mogexsenebaT, is pirdapir eqve­
mdebareba damfuZnebel krebas da amitom es Suamdgomloba Statisa
da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa Semosuli aris gamgeobis saxeliT
– saxelmwifo bankis mmarTvelisagan ise, rogorc es aris miRebuli im
organos mier, romelic pirdapir uZRveba saxelmwifo banks, ese igi
gamgeobisa da sabWos mier. pirvelad yuradRebas ipyrobs Statebis
sakiTxi. am Statis Tanaxmad mosamsaxureTa ricxvi udris 95 kacs. es
ricxvi mosamsaxureTa ar unda CaiTvalos didad, Tu mxedvelobaSi
miviRebT imas, rom wineT ruseTis saxelmwifo bankis kontoraSi mo­
samsaxureTa ricxvi udrida TiTqmis 200. marTalia, maSin raioni im
saxelmwifo bankis operaciebisa ufro didi iyo, – iq Sedioda ganja,
erevani da sxva, – magram Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi imas, rom iq da­
moukidebeli gamgebloba ar yofila da am mxriv operaciebis raioni
Semcirebuli iyo, da imas, rom mTeli respublikis centri aris es sax­
alxo banki da imasac, rom axlad dawyebuli saqmea, maSin am StatSi
aRniSnuli ricxvi SeiZleba ar miviCnioT gadidebulad. am banks eqneba
ganyofilebebi. magram am ganyofilebebis mosamsaxureTa Statebi cal­
ke iqneba warmodgenili.
rac Seexeba jamagirebs, unda mogaxsenoT, rom specialuri xasiaTi
bankis muSaobisa awesebs erTnair gadidebul jamagirebs am saxelm­
wifo bankSi mosamsaxureTaTvis. amitom aq xarjT-aRricxva rom aris
Sedgenili, sworeT amis mixedviT specialistebisaTvis aris miRebu­
li ufro gadidebuli jamagirebi, vidre es sxva saxelmwifo dawese­
bulebebSi gvaqvs. es aixsneba umTavresad imiT, rom specialuri Zalebi
Zneli saSovari aris. aseTebi naklebad gvyavs da vinc aris ufro ker­
Zo sakredito dawesebulebebSi midian imitom, rom iq jamagirs mets
aZleven vidre saxelmwifo dawesebulebaSi. saxelmwifom rom ar gaaTa­
nasworos mosamsaxureni Tavis dawesebulebisa am dargSi sxva sakredi­
to dawesebulebebis mosamsaxureebTan – ueWvelia mosamsaxureebs ver
viSoviT. aq ki, TavisTavad cxadia, gaTanasworebuli ar aris. aq saSu­
alo norma aris aRebuli SedarebiT; ase rom am mxriv aq daculi aris
saerTod saxelmwifos interesebi, ramdenad es mis normebs Seexeba.
erTi sakiTxi aris kidev, romelic Cven gadawyvetili gvqonda
wineT. es aris gamgeobis wevrTa jamagirebi. gamgeobis wevrT ukve
daniSnuli aqvT jamagirebi. magram aq TviT kanon-proeqtSi aris mux­
li, romelic am jamagirebis normebis Secvla moiTxova. siZvire ufro
gaizarda da maSasadame dawesebul jamagirebiT exla SeuZlebeli aris

369
direqtoris, gamgeobis wevrebis mowveva. cxadia gadidebuli aris
agreTve bankis gamgis jamagiri. ase rom, saSualod rom viangariSoT,
gamgeobis wevrTa jamagirebi mainc ar aRemateba sxva sakredito dawe­
sebulebebSi mosamsaxure pirTa jamagirebs.
rac Seexeba uncros mosamsaxureebs – maTTvisac erTnairi mo­
matebuli jamagirebi aris dawesebuli, vinaidan am umaRles Tanxidan
aRebulia erTnairi norma, erTnairi gradaciebi aris daculi. radga­
nac es daarRvevda saerTo wess saxelmwifo bankis jamagirebisas, ami­
tom uncrosi mosamsaxurenic ar arian gaTanasworebuli saerTod sxva
saxelmwifo dawesebulebebTa uncros mosamsaxureebTan. am mxriv aq
erTnairi wesi aris daculi Tavidan bolomde.
rac Seexeba xarjT-aRricxvis saerTo nawils – unda mogaxsenoT,
rom aq aris erTi muxli, romelic exeba respublikis gareSe warmomad­
genlebis Seqmnas. saxelmwifo bankisaTvis finansiuri urTierTobis
dasamyareblad mezobel saxelmwifoebTan, aseTi warmomadgenloba
aucilebel saWiroebas warmoadgens. am warmomadgenlobas, romelic
eyoleba saxelmwifo banks, evaleba cnobebis miwodeba. ai am muxliT
navaraudevi aris gasavali 500.000 maneTi. aq aris kidev erTi sakiTxi,
romelsac Seexo saxelmwifo kontroliori. saxeldobr is, rom es
xarjT-aRricxva unda damtkicdes 1 maisidan. saxelmwifo kontroli
amis winaaRmdegi iyo, vinaidan Cveni weli iwyeba 1 ivnisidan. amisaT­
vis safinanso komisia da TviT bankis sabWo daeTanxma imas, rom es xar­
jT-aRricxva damtkicdes 1 ivnisidan, e. i. momaval sabiujeto wlis
dasawyisidan. xolo rac Seexeba bankis winaswar mosamzadebel xarjebs
– 100.000 maneTi – es Setanil iqna calke muxlad, saorganzacio xarjeb­
is saxelwodebiT. Semdeg, rogorc mogaxseneT, mosamsaxure pirTa jama­
girebi, romelic damtkicebuli aris sabiujeto komisiis mier, udris
4.207.000 maneTs da sx.
arc erTi muxli xarjT-aRricxvisa safinanso komisiaSi davas ar
iwvevs da im dadgenilebis Tanaxmad, romelic aqvs sabiujeto-safinan­
so komisias amis Sesaxeb, me viTxov damfuZnebel krebis winaSe, rom es
iqnes miRebuli.
aq aris saxelmwifo kontrolis zogierTi SeniSvna arsebiTi xas­
iaTisa. pirveli Seexeba imas, rom es yofiliyo miRebuli 1 ivnisidan.
amaze sabWo da sabiujeto-safinanaso komisia daTanxmden. maSasadame
es moTxovnileba saxelmwifo kontrolisa dakmayofilebuli aris.
rac Seexeba saxelmwifo kontrolis azrs, TiTqos saxelmwifo bankSi
mosamsaxureTa jamagirebi metad didi iyos, amis Sesaxeb me ukve mogax­
seneT. es unda avxsnaT muSaobis specialuri xasiaTiT, romelic aqvs
saxelmwifo banks. sxvanairad SeuZlebeli iqneboda bankis mowyoba da
muSaobis dawyeba.
aseTive SeniSvna aris gamgeobis wevrTa jamagirebis Sesaxeb. aq
aris muxli proeqtisa, romliTac unda Seicvalos jamagirebi. Tav­
is-Tavad cxadia, Tu ki Cven SevcvliT kanon-proeqtiT, sawinaaRmdego

370
araferi ar eqneba aravis.
rac Seexeba danarCen muxlebs xarjT-aRricxvisas – sakiTxi sastam­
bo da sxva aseTebi – saxelmwifo kontrols miCneuli aqvs es SiSvel
cifrebaT da moiTxovda, rom bankis gamgeobas mieca TiToeul muxlze
dawvrilebiTi axsna-ganmarteba. me vacxadeb Tqvens winaSe, rom aseTi
dawvrilebiTi ganmarteba im muxlebis Sesaxeb, romlebic sakancelar­
io xarjT-aRricxvas Seicavs, safinanso komisias miRebuli aqvs gam­
geobisagan. maSasadame sadao aq sruliad aRaraferi aris. mTavroba­
Si, Tavis-Tavad cxadia, es sakiTxi ar iqneboda ganxiluli, vinaidan
saxelmwifo banki pirdapir eqvemdebareba damfuZnebel krebas. ase
rom mTavrobis azri Cven ara gvaqvs.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva sazogado msjelobisaTvis? sityva
aravis surs. kenWs vuyri. vinaa winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa?
winaaRmdegi aravinaa da saTanado vadis gasvlis Semdeg kanon-proeq­
ti moxsendeba damfuZnebel krebas muxlobriv.

6. dekreti – sazRvar-gared saswavleblad myof saxel-

mwifo stipendiantTaTvis 12. 000. 000 maneTis gadadebisa.

Tavmjdomare. momxsenebeli Tqvenve brZadebiT.

imnaiSvili. (momxsenebeli) am miznisaTvis jer-jerobiT gadadebu­
li iyo 5 milioni maneTi. aqedan 2 milioni gadaidva zafxulSi da 3
milioni dekemberSi. am Tanxis saSvalebiT aqamdi uwyebam SesZlo 75
stipendiantis gagzavna sxva da sxva qveynebSi. 40 imyofeba germaniaSi,
21 safrangeTSi, 1 belgiaSi, erTi amerikaSi, 5 inglisSi da 5 italiaSi.
dRevandel pirobebSi stipendiis gansazRvra Zalian Znelia, vinaidan
TiToeul am saxelmwifos fulis kursi sxva da sxva dros cvaleba­
dia. masTan kidev Cveni fulis kursic Zlier ecema. maSasadame erTi
romelime Tanxis fiqsaciis moxdena da gadadeba erTxel da samuda­
moT SeuZlebeli aris. am mxriv aq gamoangariSeba, ramden xans eyofa
stipendiants esa Tu is Tanxa – did siZneles warmoadgens. magram aq
aris warmodgenili xarjT-aRricxva imisda mixedviT, Tu rogori aris
dRevandeli fulis kursi. imisda mixedviT aris aq gamoangariSebuli
es Tanxa, Tu ra Rirs cxovreba evropis sxva da sxva saxelmwifoebSi. da
unda mogaxsenoT, safrangeTSi, inglisSi, amerikaSi cxovreba Zlier
gaZvirebulia. da sworeT amisda mixedviT aris gadmotanili es Tanxa
Cven fulze. magaliTisaTvis mogaxsenebT, inglisSi rom moswavlem icx­
ovros saWiro aris 20 girvanqa sterlingi, e. i. Cven fulze 20.000 mane­
Ti. wliuri swavlis fuli 50 girvanqa sterlingi, e. i. 50.000 maneTi.
iq aris 5 moswavle. ai, amisda mixedviT aris Sedgenili es xarjT-aR­
ricxva. aseve aris germaniaSi. rogorc mogexsenebaT, marka 5 maneTia.
iq Cveni 40 moswavle aris. minimumi sacxovreblisa dawesebuli aris im
cnobebis Tanaxmad, romelic Cven gvaqvs germaniaSi myof saelCosagan

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1200 marka TveSi, wliuraT maSasadame 14.400, rac Seadgens germaniaSi
myof yvela moswavleTaTvis wliuraT 377.099 maneTs.
aseve italiaSi. saerTod es Tanxa navaraudevi aris iqauri cx­
ovrebis pirobebis mixedviT. advili SesaZlebeli aris rom SemdegSi
kidev dasWirdes uwyebas kvlav Suamdgomlobis aRZvra, rom gaRebul
iqnes damatebiTi Tanxa. am miznisaTvis sul naangariSebi iyo uwyebis
mier 11 milioni maneTi. am saxiT Semovida es kanon-proeqti saxalxo
ganaTlebis komisiaSi. ganaTlebis komisiam dawvrilebiT ganixila es
da miiRo mxedvelobaSi, rom Cveni kursi cvalebadi aris, – magaliT­
ad, proeqtis Sedgenis dros marka Rirda 5 maneTi, dRes ki marka 7-8
maneTi Rirs, aseTive mdgomareobaSi aris yvela qveynebi. miiRo yvela
es mxedvelobaSi da daadgina 11 mil. gadidebul iqnas 12 milionamdi.
aseTi SuamdgomlobiT Sevida is safinanso-sabiujeto komisiaSi. saf­
inanso komisiam arsebiTad gaiziara saxalxo ganaTlebis komisiis mo­
sazrebani da daadgina, rom 11 milionis magivraT, rom axlo momvalSi
kidev damatebiTi xarjebi ar dagvWirdes, saxelmwifo xazinidan gaRe­
bul iqnas 12 milioni maneTi da am SuamdgomlobiT Semodis sworeT
saxalxo ganaTlebis komisia damfuZnebel krebaSi.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? sityva
aravis surs. vinaa winaaRmdegi muxlobrivi ganxilvisa? winaaRmdegi
aravinaa. gTxovT waikiTxoT pirveli muxli.
imnaiSvili. (kiTxulobs pirvel muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva am muxlis Sesaxeb? vinaa winaaRmde­
gi? pirveli muxli miRebulia, gTxovT waikiTxoT meore muxli.
imnaiSvili. (kiTxulobs meore muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vinaa winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi
aravinaa. gTxovT waikiTxoT Semdegi.
imnaiSvili. (kiTxulobs me-3 muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva am muxlis Sesaxeb? vinaa winaaR­
mdegi? winaaRmdegi aravinaa. me-3 muxli miRebulia. vinaa winaaRmdegi
saerTod mTeli dekretisa? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. dekreti miRebu­
lia da saboloo teqsti dResve mogxsendebaT.

7. gangrZoba msjelobisa agrarul reformasTan

daka­v ­S irebul davisa da saCivrebis ganxilvis
wesis dekretis Sesaxeb.

Tavmjdomare. gadavdivarT Semdeg sakiTxze. am sakiTxis Sesaxeb

b-n niniZes ukve aqvs wakiTxuli moxseneba. sityva ekuTvnis b. rusias.
m. rusia (s.-d.) is debuleba, romelic wamoayena momxsenebelma da
romelic gamoixateba imaSi, rom samoqalaqo davas unda arCevdes sa­
samarTlo, am debulebas sruliad iziarebs soc.-demokratiuli fraq­
cia. magram, rodesac saqme gvaqvs gansakuTrebul pirobebTan, rodesac

372
agraruli reforma jer ar aris gatarebuli, saWiroa jer-jerobiT
droebiTi gansakuTrebuli zomebi da amitom es dekreti droebiTi xa­
siaTisa gaxlavT. is udidesi reforma, agraruli reforma, Cven unda
gavataroT cxovrebaSi rac SeiZleba Cqara, amaSi, me mgoni, yvela wev­
rebi damfuZnebeli krebisa erTi azrisani arian. magram aq ambobdnen:
ar gagonila arsad, rom iseTi dava, romelsac samoqalaqo xasiaTi aqvs
sasamarTloSi ara swydebodeso. me mgonia, rom damfuZnebeli krebis
wevri b. gvazava, rogorc veqili, amaSi scdeba. sazogadod miwadm­
flobelobasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxi, agraruli reforma metad
rTulia da metad Zneli. Cven viciT kanoni, romelic arsebobda ramden­
ime aTeuli wlebi da romelic miwadmflobelobasTan dakavSirebul
sakiTxebs sasamarTlos gareSe swyvetda, magaliTad miwis-mzomloba.
me vlaparakob iseT kanonze, romlis ZaliTac miwis gadamijvnis dros,
rodesac unda gamoirkves vin aris patroni, mflobeli miwisa, Tu ro­
melime moqalaqe ganacxadebs Tavis uflebas gansazRvrul miwaze da
sxva am dros ar gauwevs mas davas, is miwa udaod im pirze iTvleba. Sem­
deg Tqven SegiZlianT SemoitanoT sasamarTloSi yovelgvari sabuTe­
bi, magram kanonis ZaliT es saqme veRar uSvelis, vinaidan gamijvnis
dros dava ar iyo gamocxadebuli, is miwa iTvleba imis sakuTrebad,
vinc ganacxada, rom Cemiao. erTi SexedviT es marTlac miuRebelia:
rogor moxda, rom adamians aqvs notariuli aqti, damtkicebuli aqvs
yovelgvari kanoni da amave dros miwa aqvs viRac SemTxveviT gamvlel
kacs. magram amaSia swored, batonebo, siZnele am sakiTxisa.
me mgonia, kanoni, romelic arsebobs ramdenime aTi weliwadi da
romlis winaaRmdeg jer araferi ar Tqmula, saWiro aris ufro naT­
lad gamoirkves da aseTi kanoni kanonmdebelma aucilebel saWiroe­
bad aRiara. amitom Cven amas ar unda dauZaxoT barbarosoba, rogorc
aq zogierTma wevrma damfuZnebeli krebisa sTqva, rom TiTqos, Tu sa­
samarTlomde ar mivida agrarul reformasTan dakavSirebuli saqmee­
bi, viTomda es aris barbarosobao. amas rodesac amtkicebs ara iuris­
ti – es CemTvis gasakvirvelia. Cven viciT rom am reformis gatareba
xdeba gansakuTrebul organizaciebis mier. Tqven, iciT, rom am re­
formis gatarebaSi monawileobas Rebuloben erobis organizaciebi.
ase rom reformis gatarebis dros Cven uzrunvelyofilni varT us­
amarTlobidan, vinaidan TviT saqme iseT organizaciebis xelSi aris,
romlisagan Cven ar moveliT usamarTlobas. magram meore mxares ar
aqcevT yuradRebas. batonebo, agraruli reformis Sinaarsi imaSi
mdgomareobs, rom miwaTmflobelebs, Tavad-aznaurobas, mdidrebs
miwa unda CamoerTvas da gadaeces glexebs. Tavis Tavad cxadia, rom
rodesac gansazRvrul jgufs, wodebas, klass miwas arTmevT, isini
yovel RoniZiebas ixmaren, rom es saqme ar Catardes. ar dazogaven ar­
aviTar saSualebas, rom Tqven xeli SegiSalon am reformis gatare­
baSi da me Tqven gekiTxebiT: aseT sakiTxebis gadawyvetis dros, aseTi
udidesi reformis Catarebis dros, nu Tu Tqven ggoniaT, rom yoveli

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sakiTxi, amasTan dakavSirebuli, unda gairCes sasamarTloSi? me mgo­
nia ara. TviT reforma aris droebiTi. is unda gatardes rac SeiZle­
ba Cqara. amitom dekretic droebiTia. vimeoreb, rom Cven viziarebT
debulebas, wamoyenebuls momxseneblis mier, magram Cven SeuZleblad
migvaCnia, rom am reformis gatareba gadavdvaT, an da sul ver Cava­
taroT. da sasamarTloze gadacema yovelgvari davisa – es iqneba igive,
rom iseTi zoma, romelsac dRes Cven davadeqiT, mxolod sparsuli an
aRmosavleTuri Tu iqnebao. (maWavariani: samarTalma rogor SegaSin­
aT ase?) me ki mogiyvaneT Tqven kanoni, kanonmdebloba, romelic arc
erT iurists arc dauweria da arc ulaparakia am ramdenime aTeuli
wlis ganmavlobaSi, vinaidan yvela grZnobda, rom miwis reformis, mi­
wadmflobelobis sakiTxis gadasaWrelad aseTi kanoni, gansakuTre­
buli kanoni, romelzedac me mogaxseneT, saWiroa da aucilebeli. am­
itom Cven unda daveTanxmoT im zomebs, romlebsac dekreti gvaZlevs.
es zomebi droebiTia da Tu Tqven gindaT es reforma CavataroT, am
zomebs unda daeTanxmoT, miT umetes, rom organizaciebi, romlebsac
es gadaveciT, arian erobebi, qalaqis TviTmarTvelobebi da maTi gan­
yofilebebi.
Tavmjdomare. sityva b. gvazavas ekuTvnis.
b. gvazava (e.-d.) batonebo, me xelmeored gamovdivar, imitom rom
ar SeiZleba ar mivaqcio Tqveni yuradReba im Sedegebs, romlebic Sei­
Zleba mohyves am kanons. Tavdapirvelad gTxovT Cemi gamosvla ar daa­
fasoT ise, rogorc partiuli gamosvla. kanon-proeqtis dafaseba, me
mgonia, ar unda iyos partiuli. Cven gamovdivarT saxelmwifos inter­
esebidan da ara partiulidan.
es gancxadeba imitom aris saWiro, rom warsul krebaze gamovi­
da b. xomeriki da daiwyo laparaki imaze, rom es miwis reforma aris
revoliucionuri aqtio, revoliucionur aqts ki gansakuTrebuli
pirobebi da gansakuTrebuli iaraRi unda, rom igi gatardes cxovre­
baSio.
batonebo, es azri ar aris marTali. (xma: marTalia!). revoliucio­
nuri aqti SeiZleba yofiliyo igi maSin, rom aq yofiliyo ara dam­
fuZnebeli kreba, aramed amier-kavkasiis komisariati. maSin SeiZlebo­
da geTqvaT, rom es aris revoliucionuri aqti, imitom, rom Cven ar
vicodiT rogori ZalTa ganwyobileba iqneboda amier-kavkasiaSi. Sei­
Zleba gvgoneboda, rom es aris komisariatis survili da ara erovnuli
nebisyofa. magram mas aqeT, rac damfuZnebeli kreba gvaqvs, rac CvenSi
moxda arCevnebi, rodesac erma Tavisi survili gamosTqva – damfuZne­
beli kreba aris gamomxatveli eris neba-survilisa da rodesac es
kanon-proeqti miRebuli aris damfuZnebeli krebis mier, am aqts aRar
aqvs revoliucionuri aqtis xasiaTi, aramed iman kanonis saxe miiRo.
amis winaaRmdegi SeiZleba viyoT, SeiZleba ara, – es sxva sakiTxia. ma­
gram formalurad es kanoni aris yvelasaTvis savaldebulo, vinaidan
igi damfuZnebuli krebis mier aris miRebuli. amitom laparaki imaze,

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rom es aris revoliucionuri aqtio – es yovlad miuRebelia. me vimeo­
reb – es aris kanoni, savaldebulo yvelasaTvis da mTeli saxelmwifo
dainteresebulia, rom es kanoni gatardes cxovrebaSi ise, rogorc
amas kanoni moiTxovs. Tqven miiReT kanoni, gadaeciT saministros, aR­
masrulebul Zalas, romelsac ufleba ara aqvs Sescvalos igi. esec
udao da ueWvoa, Tumca, rogorc iciT, mxolod am kanonis farglebSi
SeiZleba xSirad moxdes dava. da me gekiTxebiT Tqven, vin unda gad­
awyvitos es dava? dava xom xdeba – es namdvilia, amis magaliTebi bevri
gvaqvs. magaliTad me namdvilad vici, rom zogierT adgilebSi qalebs
miuRiaT norma, zogierT adgilebSi ki ara. raSia saqme? ras niSnavs es?
yvelas erTnairad aqvs ufleba miRebisa, Tu ara? (xma: aqvT!). me gekiTx­
ebiT, sad unda aRadginon am qalebma TavianTi ufleba? im qalebma, ro­
melTac norma ar miuRiaT? bevri sxva magaliTic aris.
leCxumSi mTeli miwa meore kategoriad aris gamocxadebuli. pir­
veli kategoria srulebiT ar aris. miuxedavad amisa erT kacs misces
mxolos 7 desetina. sad unda aRadginos man Tavisi ufleba? imave kacma
Tundac miiRo 7 des. kanonis ZaliT yvelas SeuZlian airCios Tavis sa­
kuTrebidan miwa, romelic mas ekuTvnis da ergeba normiT. amis neba mas
ar mieca da misces riyeSi 7 des. sad wavides es kaci da sad aRadginos
Tavisi Selaxuli ufleba?
rogorc xedavT sakiTxi Seexeba uflebis dacvas, romelic gamom­
dinareobs Tqven mier gamocemul kanonidan. aseTi magaliTebi bevria.
Tavi da Tavi kanonis rigianad gatarebaa.
aq Semodis saministro winadadebiT – am SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlo
saWiro ar ariso. saministro am SemTxvevaSi pasuxismgebeli ar aris,
TviT asrulebs kanons, magram iq, sadac atydeba dava, iq pasuxismgebe­
li aris, magram ambobs, rom me sasamarTlo ar minda, me TiTon ganvasa­
Civreb am saqmeebso.
iuristebma b. oniaSvilma da b. rusiam ganacxades, rom Cven Soris
ar moiZebneba ori iseTi adamiani, romelic principialurad uary­
ofs sasamarTlos mniSvnelobaso. Tu es asea, raT undaT, rom gver­
di auxvion sasamarTlos, romelTa daniSnulebac samarTlianobis
dacva aris? es yovlad SeuZlebeli aris. Tqvens yuradRebas amas mi­
vaqcev, imave saministros mivmarToT: ra surogats aarsebT sasamarT­
los magivrad? Tqven apirebT komisiis mowyobas, romelSiac Sedis
ori warmomadgeneli miwadmoqmedebis saministrosi, ori iusticiis
saministrosi da erTi erobaTa warmomadgeneli. sul xuTi kaci. ra sa­
samarTloa es? ra xalxi iqneba es warmomadgenlebi? miwad-moqmedebis
saministro, Tavis-Tavad cxadia gagzavnis Tavis xelqveiTs – mdivans
an iuriskonsults, iusticiis ministri vis gagzavnis? me makvirvebs,
rom is TiTon aq ar imyofeba. b. iusticiis ministri, romelic aris
daraji samarTlianobisa, romelsac evaleba, rom darajad udgas sa­
samarTlos, arc wined iyo aq da arc exla aris. (xma: is Tanaxmaa! kedia:
igi aq unda iyos, Cvens winaSe, damfuZnebeli krebis winaSe!). maSasa­

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dame, gverds uxvevs senats da unda gagzavnos Tavisi xelqveiTi komi­
siaSi. batonebo, Tqven TiTon amoirCieT es senati didis SerCeviT da
daviT. imaT evalebaT uflebis da samarTlianobis dacva. exla modis
saministro da geubnebaT: nu indomebT Cven mier arCeul senats, rome­
lic udidesi dawesebuleba aris, miatoveT es dawesebuleba da yvela
am saqmeebs me TviTon gavarCevo. magram xom SeiZleba, rom ministrma
TviTon Caidinos Secdoma? (kedia: kacni varT, batonebo!). maS vin unda
gaarCios es saqmeebi? TiTonve unda gaarCios? misaRebia es? Tu TiTon
ara, misi moxele Caidens. SesaZlebelia Tu ara aseTi proeqtis miReba?
Tqveni iuristebi amboben, rom principialurad vilaparako, princip­
ialurad vilaparakebo. es yovlad miuRebelia.
me bodiSs vixdi, rom SegawuxeT da didi xani wagarTviT, magram
me mivaqcev yuradRebas meore moments. es is, rom viTomc senati re­
formis cxovrebaSi gatarebas aferxebs. reforma ferxdeba da amitom
senats es saqmeebi unda CamovarTvaTo. am mxriv me moviTxove konkreti­
uli magaliTi imisa, Tu rogor da ranairad aferxebs senati am re­
formis gatarebas. (niniZe: mogiyvanT! mogiyvanT!). SeiZleba awi momi­
yvanoT, magram jer aravis mouyvania, daasaxeleT cifri, Tu ramdeni
Civis, 1 an 2 procenti, gana es Seferxeba aris? garda amisa saCivariT
gana SeiZleba Seferxebuli iqnes saxelmwifo reforma? rogor Sei­
Zleba saCivari, romelsac hqvian „жалоба“ SeaCeros senatma? saCivris
moqmedebis SeCereba ar SeiZleba. winaswari SeCereba SeuZlebelia,
es aras dros ar momxdara. xom ara ggoniaT, rom senati Zma-biWebiTaa
avsebuli? iq arian pirebi, romlebmac ician ra aris kanoni, ra aris
ufleba da ra aris reforma. rogor SeiZleba vifiqroT, rom agrar­
uli reforma SeCerebuli iqneba senatis mier? (niniZe: vina sTqva es?).
Tu aravina sTqva, nu ambobT, rom es saqme Seaferxeso. aq araviTari
Seferxeba ar SeiZleba. senati ganixilavs saqmes da gaatarebs kanons,
Tu kanoni darRveuli ar aris, maSin aseT saCivars senati uyuradRe­
bod dastovebs.
ai magaliTi: erTma kacma miiRo riye. ufleba aqvs airCios adgili
da is saministrom ver daakmayofila. (xomeriki: daasaxeleT, vin aris
is kaci?). vin aris is kaci, me ar vici. Tavi davaneboT im kacs, vTqvaT
me mergeba 7 desetina da Tqvengan miviRe 5 desetina, unda aRvadgino
Cemi ufleba sadme Tu ara? warmoidgineT, rom ukanonoba xdeba. senat­
ma unda SeaCeros es ukanonoba. rogor ityvis b. ministri – Tu senati
kanonierad iqceva – es saqmeebi senats ar unda daeqvemdebaroso, ra
gindaT, ra gaqvT sawinaaRmdego misi? da Tu ukanonod iqceva, moiy­
vaneT amis magaliTi.
exla me vekiTxebi b. ministrs, ra ainteresebs imas, kanonis dar­
Rveva, Tu kanonis gatareba cxovrebaSi? im poziciidan, romelsac igi
icavs gamodis, rom ministri xeluxlebeli unda iyos maSin, rodesac
is kanons daarRvevs. SeiZleba aseTi iZulebiTi despotizmi SevqmnaT?
gamodis, rom ase aris! es aris Sinaarsi Tqveni kanon-proeqtisa? Tu

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varRvevT, gverds vuxvevT senatis dadgenilebas, maSin movspoT sa­
samarTlo. (b. CxikviSvili: rogor SeiZleba? sasamarTlo unda iyos!).
Tu bolSevikebs aqvT Taviseburi loRika, aqvT wesi gansaCivrebisa,
Tundac sasamarTlo ar aris, ratom ar unda gvqondes Cven? iq saCivari
SegiZliaT SeitanoT komisarTan, rom es da es moxele cudad iqcevao.
maSasadame maT aqvT erTnairi wesi gasaCivrebisa. Tu komisari cudaT
iqceva, SegiZliaT sabWoSi SeitanoT. miwad-moqmedebis ministrzedac
SeiZleba saCivaris Setana: ra saCivris mere? rodesac Seexeba es kano­
nis Seusruleblobas, Tqven ambobT, rom ministrzed saCivris Setana
senatSi SeuZlebeliao. garda amisa, b. rusiam wamoayena erTi mosaz­
reba gamijvnis Sesaxeb. b. rusiam am mosazrebas daupirdapira Tavi­
si debuleba. aris mTeli rigi instanciebisa am saqmis gadasawyvetad.
b. rusias sityviT gamodioda TiTqos miwis mzomeli swyvets yvela
sakiTxs. (rusia: ar miTqvams eg!). Tu ar giTqvamT, unda sTqvaT, bato­
no. rodesac gadamijvna aris, SeiZleba moxdes usamarTloba, magram
saqme mere gadadis olqis sasamarTloSi. iq aris dava da brZola. sa­
samarTlos gamoaqvs Tavisi dadgenileba. da mere yovel mxares ufle­
ba aqvs gadaitanos saqme palataSi, Semdeg senatSi. sami instancia aris
am saqmis warmoebaSi, rogorc yvela samoqalaqo saqmeebSi. aq ki aris
ubralo saCivari, romelic mxolod senatSi Sedis da es uyurebs dar­
Rveuli aris Tu ara kanoni.
Tu Tqven ar gindaT, rom CvenSi gamravldes TviTneboba, Tu Tqven
ar gindaT damyardes Tavis dReSi samarTlianoba da miwasTan gaas­
woroT Tqven mier miRebuli kanoni, is kanon-proeqti, romelic Se­
motanili aris, uaryofili unda iqnes. im reformis kanonSi, romel­
ic arsebobs, mTeli rigi uflebebisa aris, Tu maqsimumi ara, minimumi
mainc aris. mieciT ufleba moqalaqes es minimumi mainc daicvas da ar
iyos Zalmomreoba da usamarTloba. Tu am kanons miiRebT, es usamarT­
loba ufro gaidgams fexs. garda amisa Tqven miiReT mxedvelobaSi is,
rom am mxriv Semotanili kanon-proeqti saxels ar gagiTqvamT sazR­
var-gared. aqamdis Tavs viwonebdiT imiT, rom sasamarTlo damoukide­
belia, rom gvaqvs erTnairi garantia samoqalaqo Tavisuflebisa. es
aucilebelia yvela demokratiul saxelmwifoSi. Tqven amas TandaTan
spobT yvelafers da amas yuradRebas ueWvelia miaqceven sazRvar-ga­
reT da maSinve borot-moqmedeba daibadeba am saqmis irgvliv. erTi
ministri, ra gind patiosani kaci iyos, yvelas angariSs ver gauwevs, es
misTvis fizikurad SeuZlebelia, aRar SeeZleba kontroli gauwios
saTanado dawesebulebebs. maSasadame atydeba muSaoba sxva da sxva
dainteresebul pirebis da iseTi Sedegebi mohyveba, rac srulebiT
sasurveli ar aris. Tu yuri daugdeT Cems sityvas, me mgonia damt­
kicebulia, rom aseTi saCivari srulebiT ar aferxebs reformis cx­
ovrebaSi gatarebas. mxolod maSin, rodesac aSkarad aris darRveu­
li moqalaqeTa ufleba, senati ityvis, rom darRveulia. es ufleba
ar aris kanonis da uflebis darRveva da es ar Seaferxebs kanons.

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(kedia: es kanonis dacvaa!). diax! es kanonis dacvaa. magram kanoni imas
gulisxmobs, rom is kargad iyos gatarebuli. aq saxelmwifo samarT­
lis umaRlesi interesis minimumi mainc unda iqmnas daculi. damfu­
nebeli kreba movalea gamosces kanonebi da darajad udges maT wesi­
er asrulebas. Cven gvyavs umaRlesi dawesebuleba – senati, romelic
amagrebs saxelmwifo samarTals. am senats unda gadaeces yovelgvari
saCivrebi. amitom me vfiqrob, rom es dekreti unda uaryofil iqnas.
(taSi er.-dem. skamebze).
Tavmjdomare. ukve 3 saaTi gaxlavT. reglamentis ZaliT kreba
unda Seswydes. magram aris winadadeba sxdomis gagrZelebis Sesaxeb.
winaaRmdegi aravin aris? ramden xans inebebT krebis gagrZelebas (xma:
oTx saaTamde!). sxva winadadeba ar aris. vin aris winaaRmdegi krebis
oTx saaTamde gagrZelebisa? aravin. maSasadame sxdoma oTx saaTamde
gagrZeldeba.
sityva ekuTvnis miwad-moqmedebis ministrs.
noe xomeriki (miwad-moqmedebis ministri). me megona, rom b. gva­
zava Tavis msjelobas moandomebda im sakiTxis gamorkvevas, romlis
Sesaxeb pirvel sityvaSi ilaparaka. e. i. imis gamorkvevas – marTlac
uSlis xels Tu ara sasamarTlos wesiT saCivrebis garCeva agrarul
reformis gatarebas. da Tu es faqti damtkicdeboda, maSin b. gva­
zavas miuReblad miaCnda es dekreti. magram man dRes gverdi aux­
via am sakiTxs da daiwyo msjeloba umaRles samarTlianobis prin­
cipze da sxvaze. Tqven unda SexebodiT imas, rom sasamarTlos wesiT
saqmis warmoeba xels ar SeuSlis agrarul reformas, Tqven es unda
dagemtkicebinaT. magram Tqven es ar inebeT; Tqveni msjeloba sagans
ar Seefereboda. marTlac, vin laparakobs, rom senati winaaRmdegi
iqneba reformisa, is xels SeuSlis mis ganxorcielebas da sx? amaze
ar iyo laparaki. aq laparaki iyo sasamarTloSi saqmis garCevis we­
sis Sesaxeb. sakiTxi imaSi mdgomareobda – aferxebs Tu ara, amaSi,
mgoni, gansxvavebas dainaxavdiT. es ori debuleba sxva da sxvanairia.
Tqven pirvel sityvaSi ganacxadeT, rom sasamarTlos ar aqvs ufle­
ba SeaCeros saministros gankargulebao (gvazava: winaswar!) da ro­
melma sasamarTlom Caidina es. es Caidina quTaisis saolqo sasamarT­
los ganyofilebam. saCivari Setanili iyo Sorapnis mazris vinme
abduSeliSvilis mier. sasamarTlos adgilobriv ganyofilebas aqvs
ufleba SeaCeros administraciis gankarguleba, Tu saCivari aris Se­
tanili. (xma: marTalia!). maSasadame, yvela saCivari, – me iuristi ara
var, magram es vici – Sedis saolqo sasamarTloSi, ara marto senatSi,
aramed TviT momrigebel mosamarTlesTan; saCivari Sedis ara marto
ministris moqmedebis Sesaxeb, aramed agreTve erobis saadgil-mamu­
lo ganyofilebis Sesaxebac. da yvela am saqmis Sesaxeb sasamarTlos
SeuZlian gamoitanos dadgenileba. es aCerebs Tu ara reformas?
usaTuod aCerebs! aq mniSvneloba aqvs imas Tu ra STabeWdilebas
moaxdens mcxovreblebze es garemoeba – ras ifiqrebs is glexi, ro­

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melsac miwas arTmevT da imave dros ar aZlevT. aseT SemTxvevas eqne­
ba adgili. aseT pirobebSi ki reformis gatareba rogor SeiZleba,
da rogor SeiZleba, rom xalxi aseT reformas ndobiT moepyras. (ma­
Wavarianis replika ar ismis). sasamarTlo SeiZleba daeTanxmos mom­
Civans da SeiZleba arc daeTanxmos. me moviyvan Semdeg SemTxvevas,
saidanac sCans rom senati saqmis garCevisas Cven dagveTan­xma. ase
rom, b. maWavarians replikas ukan daubruneb – Cven sasamarTlosi ar
gveSinia. im SemTxvevebs, romlebic b. gvazavam daasaxela, adgili ar
qonia. da roca sasamarTlos, kerZod senatis msjelobis sagnad gaxda
Cveni moqmedeba, man gagvamarTla. magram saqme gamarTleba-gamtyune­
baSi ki ar aris, aramed reformis gatarebis gaWianurebaSi, SeCere­
baSi. es unda gaigoT Tqven. roca gaigebT, maSin sabuTebi, romlebic
b. gvazavam wamoayena, gabaTildeba. Cven ar vebrZviT sasamarTlos da
arc aravin aris winaaRmdegi, rom saerTod yoveli samoqalaqo dava
gairCes sasamarTlos wesiT. gansakuTrebuli mdgomareoba, romelic
Seqmnili aris imiT, rom Cven gvinda gansazRvrul vadaSi gavataroT
reforma, gvaiZulebs am wess gverdi auxvioT, mas maSin eqneba mniSvn­
eloba. (gvazavas replika ar ismis). Tqven, b. gvazava, moiyvaneT iseTi
SemTxveva, romelsac adgili ar qonia. Tqven, albaT, rogorc veqils
gqondaT saqme, magram am saqmis mTeli sabuTebi ki ar gqoniaT xelT. me
vacxadeb, rom arc erTi SemTxveva ar yofila imisa, rom saministros
uari eTqvas saCivarze, romelic normis uflebis darRvevas Seexeba.
marTalia, iyo SemTxveva, rom soflis komisiebma dauSves ukanonoba
– ar misces ufleba adgilis arCevisa, magram roca saministromde
aRwevda es saCivari, Cven mas yuradRebas vaqcevdiT. kanonis ZaliT,
yvelas aqvs ufleba normis arCevisa. mxolod iyo SemTxvevebi, rom
memamule irCevda erT naWers, da Semdeg Txoulobda sxva naWers, gan­
sakuTrebiT reformis gatarebis faqts uyurebden ise, ara serio­
zulad da amitom arCevasac iseT did yuradRebas ar aqcevden. roca
dainaxes, rom aq seriozuli saqme aris da TamaSi ar SeiZleba, maSin
moagondaT, rom yofila sxva adgili, romelic ukeTesi aris. aseT
SemTxvevaSi, Cven valdebulni ar viyaviT xelmeored gadagveSala
Zveli sabuTebi, gagverCia da ganmeorebiT gagvewia is muSaoba, rome­
lic ukve gvqonda. magram sxva SemTxvevaSi, roca moqalaqe Cioda misi
uflebis darRvevaze, Cven uari ar gviTqvams.
b. gvazava kiTxulobda: ramdeni SemTxveva gaqvT aseTi sakiTxebi­
sao. me aq cifrebi ar momitania, magram aseTi SemTxveva albaT aso­
biT da aTasobiT ganisazRvreba. jer saministroSi aseuli saCivre­
bia dRes. da Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi imas, ramdeni aris erobebSi
da ramdeni saministromde ar misula, maSin Tqven unda daaskvnaT,
rom iSviaTia SemTxveva imisa, rom saCivari ar iyos. saCivari Sei­
Zleba iyos yovelTvis. saCivari qarTveli kacis bunebaSi aris. gan­
sakuTrebiT, quTaisis guberniaSi ar yofila SemTxveva, rom saCivari
ar aReZraT da roca ganawilebaze midgeba saqme, maSinac iqneba aseTi

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movlenebi. sasamarTlom rom gamoitanos dadgenileba, rom SeCerdes
mamulis CamorTmeva, maSin Seiqmneba iseTi pirobebi, rom agrarul
reformis gatareba SeCerdeba. mxolod am mosazrebiT SemovdivarT
winadade­biT, rom agrarul reformasTan dakavSirebuli saCivre­
bi ar gair­Ces sasamarTlos wesiT. (veSapeli: ramden xans gaaTavebT
reformas?) ramden xansac SevZlebT!
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. samson dadians.
s. dadiani (s.-f.) batonebo, damfuZnebel krebis wevrno!
mogexsenebaT, rom Cven didi xania gvaqvs senati da es senati mo­
qmedebs im kanonisa da debulebis mixedviT, romelic damfuZnebelma
krebam miiRo.
es Cven mier miRebuli kanoni uwodebs am senats „uzenaess sasamar­
Tlos“. unda aRvniSno, rom es termini „uzenaesi“ sruliad ar Sees­
abameba rac am dedamiwaze arsebobs. „uzenaesi“ ewodeba imas, rac iq,
caSi egulebaT, magram faqtia, rom senatia respublikaSi is umaRlesi,
„uzenaesi“ sasamarTlo dawesebuleba, romelsac im usruli debule­
biTac dakisrebuli aqvs ara marto sakasacio saCivaris ganxilva, ara­
med yurisgdeba kanonierebisa da kanonebis sworad Sesrulebisa.
erTs udides da mTavars daniSnulebas senatisas Seadgens ganxil­
va ministris moqmedebisa.
es dekreti, romelic Cvens gansaxilvelad warmodgenilia, exeba
swored am debulebas da hqmnis windaxedulebas arsebul kanonTan.
didxans ar SevCerdebi am dekretis kritikaze iuridiulis Tval­
sazrisiT, radgan es Cemze win molaparakeebma sakmaod gaaSuqes da
TiTon momxsenebelic aRiarebs, iuridiulis TvalsazrisiT dekreti
miuRebuliao.
erTad-erTi argumenti, mosazreba am dekretis gasamarTleb­
lad b-n momxsenebelma is moiyvana, rom agraruli reforma ferxde­
ba, radganac aRmasrulebel organoTa da ministris dadgenilebebs
sasamarTlos wesiT asaCivreben da saqmis warmoeba sasamarTloSi ki
Zlier Wianurdebao.
erTad-erTi mosazrebaa es am dekretis sasargeblod da samwux­
arod, isic ar aris marTali.
rac unda gaWianurdes saqme, senati saqmes TveobiTac ki ver gaagr­
Zelebs da me gamikvirda, rodesac momxsenebelma ganacxada: samoqalaqo
saqmeTa warmoebis wesebi iseTia, rom wlobiT grZeldeba sasamarTlo­
Si saqmeo.
batonebo, agrarul reformasTan dakavSirebuli dava moqalaqe­
Ta Soris da moqalaqesa da sazogadoebriv saTanado organizaciaTa
Soris adis ministrTan da mxolod ministris ukanaskneli ganaCenis
gasaCivreba SeiZleba pirdapir senatSi. senatSi ki araviTari instan­
cia ar arsebobs saadministracio ganyofilebisa da senatis sakasacio
departamentTa sazogado krebis garda da aq ki TiTqmis SeuZlebelic
aris erT an or Tveze meti gaCerdes saqme.

380
 amas garda, ministris dadgenilebis gansaCivreba senatSi ver
SeaCerebs ministris dadgenilebis ZalaSi Sesvlas da, maSasadame, re­
formis gatarebis Seferxebaze laparaki aq zedmetia.
es rom asec iyos, rom aCerebdes kidec ministris dadgenilebis
Sesrulebas senati da es Tu aferxebs agraruls reformas, amisaTvis
sakmarisi iyo mxolod aseTi Sesworeba debulebaSi: ministris gankar­
gulebis senatSi gansaCivreba ar aCerebs gankargulebis ZalaSi Ses­
vlaso da sruliad ar iyo saWiro iseTi dekreti, romelic sruliad
aqarwylebs senatis daniSnulebas da mniSvnelobas da arRvevs arse­
bul kanons, Tqven mierve miRebuls.
senatis debulebis meeqvse muxli ambobs, rom senats ufleba aqvs
SeaCeros an sruliad gaauqmos iseTi gankarguleba, dadgenileba,
cirkuliari, romelic ewinaaRmdegeba kanons. SeiZleba vinmem if­
iqros, rom raki es dekreti ar auqmebs am muxls, kidev iyos saSualeba
ukanonobis SeCerebis da mospobisao.
magram es ase ar aris. is wvrilmani SemTxvevebi, romelnic iwveven
davas agraruli reformis gatarebis dros iseTi xasiaTisani arian,
rom senati Tavis Tavad, TiTon ver aRZravs saqmes, TiTon ver Caereva
saqmeSi.
magaliTad, gayril Zmebs mieces Tu ara cal-calke norma, da mieces
Tu ara ZmasaviT norma, an gamoyofil Svils aqvs Tu ara norma, an rome­
li kategoriisa esa Tu is miwa, an kidev SeuZlian Tu ara moqalqes Ti­
Ton airCios, Tavis gayofils miwaze da sx. da sx. eseni da am sakiTxebSi
Tqven mier damtkicebuli kanonis darRveva unda gaasaCivros TiTon
iman, visi uflebebia darRveuli, TiTom senatma ki es ar icis da verc
TiTon aRZravs am saqmes da maSasadame, rodesac Tqven am dekretiT
moqalaqes uspobT saSualebas da uflebas romelic mas aqvs senatis
debulebis 24 muxlis meore punqtis ZaliT, Tqven hqmniT did asparezs
moqalaqis uflebaTa da interesTa Selaxvisas da uspobT saSualebas
es darRveuli ufleba man sasamarTlos wesiT aRadginos. rodesac
Tqven am dekretiT senats acliT, arTmevT erTs mTavars daniSnulebas,
rom Sin kanonierebas adevnos Tvalyuri, Tqven amefebT saxelmwifoe­
briv da sazogadoebriv organoebis da TviT ministris TviTnebobas.
meore miRebuli mxare am dekretisa iuridiulis da, Tu gnebavT,
kanonmdeblobis wesiT TvalsazrisiT ar gaxlavT, rom aq irRveva is
saukunoebiT ganmtkicebuli principi, romelic iarsebebs yovelTvis
da yovelgan, sanam arsebobs uflebrivi saxelmwifo da saxelmwifoe­
brivi organizacia.
es debuleba, es principi aris is, rom kanonis Zala aqvs manamdis,
sanamdis igi kanonieris wesiT gauqmebuli ar aris; an da sxvanairad,
kanonis gauqmeba SeiZleba mxolod im wesiT, ra wesiT igi iyo miRebu­
li, da ai aq Tqvena gsurT kanoni gaauqmoT, SecvaloT dekretiT. yov­
el SemTxvevaSi aseTi wesi Cven ara gvaqvs da amas kanon-proeqti unda
erqvas da ara dekreti.

381
 magram batonebo, CvenTvis formalur iuridiul mxares sakiTxisas
ara aqvs gadamWreli mniSvneloba.
me minda es dekreti ganvixilo saxelmwifoebrivi uflebis Tval­
sazrisiT.
arsebobs erTi didi debuleba iurisprudenciaSi, romelic am­
bobs „yvela Tanasworia kanonis winaSe-o“, e. i. yvela erTnairad agebs
pasuxs kanonis winaSeo, Tu rodisme, romelime reJimSi hqonda mniS­
vneloba am debulebas, Cvens droSi da demokratiuls respublikaSi
es principi erTi udidesi principia Tanasworobisa da samarTlia­
nobisa.
Zvelad, mefeebis dros, absoliutizmis xanaSi, ar arsebobda sinam­
dvileSi, ar xorcieldeboda cxovrebaSi es moTxovnileba, vinaidan
mefe TviT iyo kanoni, igi kanonis maRla idga.
absoliutizmis dros mefe, monarqi arc TiTon agebda pasuxs kano­
nis winaSe da arc misi moxeleni da es upasuxismgebloba, droTa viTare­
baSi TandaTan Sesustebuli, Cvens droSiac movida im saxiT mainc, rom
moxelis micema pasuxis gebaSi ar SeiZleba misi ufrosis neba-daurTve­
lad da agreTve moxelis Seuracxyofa isjeboda ufro sastikad, vidre
ubralo moqalaqisa. da asec unda yofiliyo, radganac maSin arsebobda
gauvali kontrasti saxelmwifosa da moqalaqeTa, xalxis Soris. mTeli
saxelmwifo Tvis aparatebiT da mTeli mosaxleoba, Cinovnikebi maRla
idgnen xalxze, ukontrolod da upasuxismgeblod ganagebden maT, isi­
ni batonobden da xalxi iyo mxolod qveSevrdomi.
magram es absolutizmi, is upasuxismgebloba, TviTmpyrobeloba
mospo revoliuciam da unda moispos maSasadame moxeleTa privilegie­
bi maTi upasuxismgeblobis saxiT.
rodesac Tqven am dekretiT ministrs anTavisuflebT Tqveni „uze­
naesi sasamarTlos“ winaSe pasuxismgeblobisagan, rodesac misi „dad­
genileba, gadawyvetileba, gankarguleba“ rogorc am dekretSia naTq­
vami, uryevel WeSmaritebad migaCniaT, aq Cvena gvaqvs saqme im Zvel
absoliutizmTan, rodesac moxele, ministri kanonis maRla idga.
es sakiTxi, batonebo, uaRresad didi mniSvnelobis sakiTxia. didi
saintereso istoria aqvs safrangeTSi magaliTad, sakiTxs „ministris
moqmedebis gasaCivrebisas“.
es sakiTxi mniSvnelovani sakiTxia saxelmwifoebriobis demokra­
tizaciis ganviTarebaSi da rodesac safrangeTis parlamentSi da
sazogadoebaSi daibada igi, mas gamoexmaura TiTqmis yvela odnav
mainc liberaluri mecnieri da politikuri moRvawe.
1895 wels senatori beranJe ebrZoda ministris upasuxismgeblo­
bas da ambobda: „es saxelmwifos xelisuflebis umcdarobis da ucod­
velobis doqtrinis gamefebaa... es feodaluri debulebaa da Cvens
dros igi ar Seeferebao“.
1895 wels deputati JorJ berri da viviani icavden saxelmwifos
pasuxismgeblobas, rodesac kerZo moqalaqis uflebebi iCagreboda...

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(xmebi social-demokratebisa: iq burJuaziuli parlamentic swored
ise ucqerda am sakiTxs, rogorc Tqven, is parlamenti ar daeTanxma
am deputatebs da man pasuxismgeblobisagan gaanTavisufla Sina­
gan-saqmeTa saministro im areulobiT momxdar zaralis anazRaure­
bisagan, rasac adgili hqonda laTinTa ubanSi.
magram cxovrebam aiZula saxelmwifo sabWo, safrangeTis uma­
Rlesi sasamarTlo dawesebuleba da man Tavisi praqtikiT SemoiRo
saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba samoqalaqo uflebis wesiT. mTeli
rigi Tavisi ganaCeniT 1902 da 1903 wels man moqalaqis winaSe pasuxi
agebina respublikis umaRles moxeleebs da es, rogorc burJuaziul­
ma mecnierebma, agredve yvelam, vinc ibrZoda saxelmwifos demokra­
tizaciisaTvis, xalxosnobisaTvis, progresiul movlenad dasaxa.
ministris dadgenilebis gasaCivreba „SezRudvaa aRmasrulebeli
xelisuflebisa, igi saxelmwifos xelisuflebas aclis diskreciuls
da pirads, maSasadame monarqiuls xasiaTs da sasamarTlosi es ufle­
ba evoliuciaa demokratiuli reJimisao“, ambobs maqsim lerua. (l.
naTaZe: Zalian momzadebulxarT!). diaR, me aq yovelTvis momzadebuli
gamovdivar da vlaparakob imas, rac vici, Tqven ki laparakobT imaze,
rac ar iciT.
am dekretis ganmartebiTs furcelSi moyvanili aris stolip­
inis magaliTi. iman Tavisi agraruli reforma gamoacala sasamarT­
los da administratiulad ganaxorcielao. diaR, es ase iyo, magram
Tu stolipinis magaliTs hbaZavT, raRa siglaxeSi hbaZavT! im Zvels
reJimSiac ki iyo SemTxveva, rodesac ruseTis senatmac agebina moxe­
les pasuxi samoqalaqo uflebis wesiT. Sors rom ar wavideT, am aTi
Txutmeti wlis winad erTma foTelma tyis mrewvelma vinme beseliam
ganasaCivra saxelmwifo mamulebis gamgis, kovaCis moqmedeba da sen­
atma daadgina, rom beselias anazRaureboda zarali, romelic mas
miayena moxelis ukanono moqmedebam. (k. niniZe: komisiaSi mobrZan­
diT da iq ilaparakeT!) me ara var wevri im komisiisa, romelmac es
dekreti ganixila, magram Cemi amxanagi iyo iq da man ganacxada... (xmebi:
ar gahkarebia). agraruls komisiaSi Cveni fraqciis warmomadgenelma
ganacxada, rom aucileblad saWiroa daCqardes agraruli reforma,
yoveli zoma unda miviRoT, rom igi davasruloTo, magram arsebuli
kanonebi gadalaxeT da TviTneboba daamyareTo, amas ver ityoda.
batonebo, Tqven am dekretiT RalatobT Tqvenve praqtikas. Tqven
iciT, rom mTavrobam aunazRaura afxazeTSi denikinTan omis dros
mcxovreblebisadmi miyenebuli zarali. marTalia, zarali aunaz­
Raures ServaSiZeebs da sxva Tavadebs da glexebisaTvis dRevandlam­
dis araferi miuciaT, magram es saqmes ara scvlis, da me Tqven gekiTx­
ebiT ra uflebiT da ra mosazrebiT Caidina es mTavrobam? ueWvelia im
mosazrebiT, rom moqalaqes aqvs samoqalaqo sarCelis ufleba saxelm­
wifosadmi da es swori azria, magram am dekretiT Tqven am swor xazs
uxvevT. (k. niniZe: es ar Seexeba am sakiTxs?) ubedurebac is aris, rom

383
Tqven vera grZnobT, rom es sakamaToa, sakiTxi uaRresad konstituci­
is da saxelmwifos uflebis sakiTxia, Torem me ara mgonia ase iolaT
moqceoda mas.
batons momxsenebels aq social-demokratTa fraqciis warmomad­
geneli rusia mieSvela da mas erTad-erTs mosazrebas erTi mosazreba
miumata, magram veraferi ki ver Semata.
b. rusiam moiyvana magaliTi Zveli miwis mzomelisa, miwebis „day­
orRnis“ istoriidan, magram araferi saerTo am sakiTxTan imas ara
aqvs. (rusia: gageba unda?). diaR b-no rusia, gageba unda da Tqven is
kanoni ver gagigiaT. b. rusia brZanebs, rom miwis mzomeli visTvisac
Cayrida naxSirs, visac mouzomavda, miwac imisi iyo, rac unda nasy­
idoba hqonoda meoresao. es ar aris ase batonebo, miwis mzomeli (zem­
lemeri) TiTon sabolood arafers swyvetda da yvelas SeeZlo davis
gancxadeba da davis gansaCivreba sasamarTloSi TviT senatamde. ase,
rom miwis sakuTrebis sakiTxs miwis mzomeli ki ar swyvetda, aramed
sasamarTlo da Cvenc amas moviTxovT, rom arc Temi, arc erobis sxva
erTeuli da arc ministri ar iyos samoqalaqo davis gadamwyveti da
msajuli, vinaidan SeuZlebelia erTi da igive swyvetdes, samarTli­
ania da kanonieri Tu ara misi dadgenileba; amisaTvis aris dawesebu­
li sxva organo, „uzenaesi sasamarTlo“, senati. b. rusiam ganacxada,
rom ndoba unda gamoucxadoT erobaso. rasakvirvelia, eroba xalxis
arCeulia da maSasadame misi ndoba mas aqvs, magram aq ndobis sakiTxi
ara sdgas. ndobaze, rom iyos saqme, senats ki ar unda gamoucxadoT
ndoba?
aq Cven vlaparakobT imas, rom erobis gamgeobac da ministric
SeiZleba Secdnen. an Segnebulad ukanonoba Caidinon da unda iyos
garantia, rac SeiZleba meti garantia gvqondes, rom es Secdoma ga­
moswordeba im organos mier, romelic mowodebulia kanonierebis
dasacavad, e. i. senatis mier.
batonebo, ministri xom papi ar aris, romelsac kaTolikeTa ekle­
siam mianiWa ucodveloba da umcdarobis Tviseba! da ai radganac min­
istri SeiZleba Secdes, mis „dadgenilebas, gadawyvetilebas da gan­
kargulebas ar unda mivaniWoT „uzenaesi samaTlianobis“ iarliki.
vimeoreb agraruli reforma unda male dasruldes, magram sam­
wuxarod am dekretiT igi ar daCqardeba. vinaidan TiTon Tqvens agra­
ruls kanons aqvs organiuli nakli. igi cudi, uvargisi kanonia da
ramdenic unda gaukeToT mas axal-axali naWrebi, is uvargisi materia
mas mainc ver daimagrebs.
uvargisia Tqveni kanoni, magram Cven im debulebas vicavT, rom
sanam igi ar gauqmebula, unda Sesruldes rogorc kanoni moiTxovs.
SeiZleba mkiTxoT, maS rogor unda mogvardes es udidesi reformao
da me getyviT, rom saTanadoT da sasargebloT miwis sakiTxi mxolod
maSin gadawydeba, rodesac miiRebT Cvens gegmas. (xmebi nacional-dem.
skamebidan: socializmia?). diaR, miwis sakiTxi mxolod socializaci­

384
iT gadawydeba da manamde ki bevri wlebi gaivlis da miwis sakiTxi mog­
varebuli ar iqneba.
me ar vityvi imas, rom b. xomeriki miiswrafodes tiraniisaken,
mtarvalobisaken, TviTnebobisaken, magram es dekreti iseTi magali­
Tia, iseTi precendentia, romelic niadags umzadebs mtarvals, ti­
rans, vinaidan sadac upasuxismgeblobaa, iq tiraniaa.
Tu dRes b. xomeriks unda moqmedebaSi pasuxs ar agebdes, ratom ar
SeiZleba xval da zeg sxva ministrebic movidnen aseTive dekretiT?
didmniSvnelovani saministroa miwad-moqmedebis saministro, magram
sxva saministroebic didmniSvnelovania, – gamoacaleT romelime
saministro misi dargiT saxelmwifos da mTeli meqanizmi moiSleba.
an riTia b. ramiSvili b. xomerikze naklebi? ratom ar SeiZleba, rom
exla b. ramiSvili movides da mogvTxovos, vinaidan Cemi dadgenile­
baTa, gadawyvetilebaTa da gankargulebaTa gansaCivreba aferxebs
marTva-gamgeobas da aWianurebs saswrafo zomebs, momeciT neba me Ti­
Ton viyo Cemi Tavis msajuli da pasuxs nu magebinebT sasamarTlos da
senatis winaSeo?
Cven gvqonda SemTxveva dagvenaxa, ramdenaT saxifaToa precenden­
tis Seqmna.
Tqven gaxssovT, rom gzaTa-saministros uwyebas miveciT ufleba
gzaTa departamentis direqtors moeca ganmarteba ministris magier
damfuZnebel krebisTvis am tribunidan. didi xani ar gasula amis Sem­
deg, rac b. ramiSvilma aq moiyvana fosta-telegrafis olqis ufro­
si moxele da ganacxada, Cems magier es „Cemi moxele“ mogcemT pasuxso,
rodesac Cven protesti ganvacxadeT, rom reglamentiT moxeles, ara
deputats ufleba ara aqvs damfuZnebel krebaSi gamovideso, Tqven
migviTiTeT b-WiWinaZe: raki gzaTa departamentis ufross aqvs ufle­
ba da Tqven amas daTanxmdiT, am ufrossac unda hqondeso.
amnairad batonebo, es dekreti arc iuridiulis da arc demokra­
tiuli saxelmwifos uflebis TvalsazrisiT kritikas ver uZlebs,
arc cxovrebis praqtika moiTxovs mas aucileblad, vinaidan miwis
reformis daCqareba sxva saSualebiTac SeiZleba da amitom igi unda
uaryofili iqnes.
Tavmjdomare. cota dro dagvrCa. saboloo teqstebi mogxsende­
baT da sxdoma daxuruli iqneba. momxsenebeli gaxlavT qr. SaraSiZis
asuli.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigSi aRniSnul 1, 2, 3
da me-4 sakiTxSi sakanonmdeblo aqtebis saboloo teqstebs.
Tavmjdomare. vis nebavs sityva saboloo teqstebis Sesaxeb? sity­
va baton imnaiSvils surs.
n. imnaiSvili (s.-d.) saerToT saredaqcio komisia akeTebs iseT Ses­
worebebs, romlebic miuRebelia. magaliTad: TiTqmis yvelgan mrav­
lobiTi ricxvis magivrad mxolobiT ricxvs xmarobs. xandaxan ar aris
misaRebi. (dadiani: magaliTi! magaliTi!). unda gadaxedoT saboloo

385
teqstebis masalebs da magaliTs iq naxavT. rac Seexeba dabolovebas
ukanasknel SemTxvevaSi „oficialuri“-s magivrad „oficiali“, „so­
cialuri“-s magivrad „sociali“, zogjer es misaRebia, rodesac es
saqmes ar avnebs, magaliTad „oficialuri“-s magivrad SeiZleba kidev
„oficiali“, magram am SemTxvevaSi „socialuri“-s magivrad „sociali“
miuRebelia.
Tavmjdomare. sityva xom aRaravis surs? sityva momxsenebels
ekuTvnis.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli. me mgonia, rodesac romelime wevri ar eTanx­
meba saredaqcio komisiis romelime debulebas, unda gamovides da
tribunidan windawin unda ganacxados, Torem exla Sesworeba imisa,
rac miRebulia, dagvianebuli aris. rac Seexeba mravlobiTi da mx­
oloobiTi ricxvs, sazogadod qarTuli enis buneba moiTxovs da ufro
egueba mxoloobiT ricxvs. (niniZe: kanoni ar iguebs!). Tu ar iguebs,
maSin gTxovT, aseTi Sesworebebi maSinve SeitanoT xolme. rac Seexeba
„socialursa“ da „socials“, b. imnaiSvilma ganacxada, rom „oficiali“
kidev SeiZleba, magram „sociali“ ki arao. Cven ar vRebulobT keTilx­
movanebis mosazrebas. me mgonia, rom qarTuli enis kanonebis mixedviT
SeiZleba vixmaroT sociali da ara socialuri. (gvazava: marTalia!).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vin aris winaaRmedgi? (xmebi: komi­
siis Sesworeba gavida, komisiis! kedia: komisiam gaimarjva! maWavari­
ani: socialisturi xelebi damarcxden!).
Tavmjdomare. xmis umravlesobiT miRebulia komisiis Sesworeba.
exla moismineT Semdegi dRis wesrigi. (mdivani kiTxulobs). sxdomas
daxurulad vacxadeb.
sxdoma naSuadRevis 4 saaTze ixureba.

386
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

mecxramete sxdoma

(19)

1920 weli. maisis 25. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. gangrZoba msjelobisa – agrarul reformasTan dakavSirebul

davisa da saCivris ganxilvis wesis dekretis Sesaxeb.
2. ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – mevenaxeobis da meRvineobis tfili­
sis da quTaisis sagubernio komitetis gauqmebis da aRaianis, kondo­
lis da Cumlayis sanergeebis erobisaTvis gadacemis Sesaxeb.
3. ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – mkvidrTagan mitovebul yofil sax­
azino miwebis saxelmwifo fondSi gadasvlis Sesaxeb.
4. ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – miwad-moqmedebis saministros dawe­
sebulebaTa Statis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
5. dekreti – saistorio, saarqeologio, samxatvro da sakulturo
nivTebis saqarTvelos respublikidan gatanis akrZalvisa.
6. ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – sasamarTlos dawesebulebaTa
debulebis me-206 da me-406 muxlis Secvlis Sesaxeb.
7. dekreti – tfilisis sasaxlis sakanonmdeblo dawesebulebebis
sabinadrod aRiarebisa.
8. ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – jaSuSobisaTvis sabrZolvelad
damzveravi nawilis Tanamdebobis pirTaTvis sagamomZieblo miniWebis
Sesaxeb.
9. moxseneba – saqarTvelos senatis 1919 wlis ganmavlobaSi moq­
medebis Sesaxeb.

387
 Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris amxanagi
eqvTime TayaiSvili.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivani k. jafariZe.
sxdoma iwyeba dilis 11 saaT. 15 wuTze.
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas gaxsnilad vacxadeb. mdivani mogaxsenebT
komisiaSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtebs da dRiur wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs komisiaSi gadasacem kanon-proeqts).

komisiaSi gadasacemi kanon-proeqti:

1. Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris proeqti dekretisa – nikoloz jaian­

isaTvis 267.752. man. 62 kap. micemis Sesaxeb mfrinavi razmis mier da­
zianebul misi saxlis SesakeTeblad.
mdivani kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs.

dRiuri wesrigi:

1. gagrZeleba msjelobisa – agrarul reformasTan dakavSirebul

davisa da saCivris ganxilvis wesis dekretis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia
k. niniZe.
2. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – mevenaxeobis da
meRvineobis tfilisis da quTaisis sagubernio komitetis gauqmebisa
da aRaianis, kondolisa da Cumlayis sanergeebis erobisaTvis gadace­
mis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia k. niniZe.
3. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – mkvidrTagan mi­
tovebul yofil saxazino miwebis saxelmwifo fondSi gadasvlis Ses­
axeb. momxsenebelia k. niniZe.
4. samandato komisiis moxseneba – damfuZnebeli krebis meore
damatebiTi arCevnebis Sedegis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia i. fircxalaiS­
vili.
5. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – miwad-moqmedebis
saministros dawesebulebaTa Statis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebe­
lia k. niniZe.
6. dekreti – sabaJo dawesebulebaTa sakancelario gadasaxadis
nixris gadidebisa. momxsenebelia d. oniaSvili.
7. dekreti – saistorio, saarqeologio, samxatvro da sakulturo
nivTebis saqarTvelos respublikidan gatanis akrZalvisa. momxsenebe­
lia eq. TayaiSvili.
8. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – sasamarTlos da­
wesebulebaTa debulebis me-406 da 406 muxlis Secvlis Sesaxeb. mom­
xsenebelia s. jafariZe.

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 9. dekreti – tfilisis sasaxlis sakanonmdeblo dawesebulebis sa­
binadrod aRiarebisa. momxsenebelia kon. jafariZe.
10. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – jaSuSobisaT­
vis sabrZolvelad damzveravi nawilis Tanamdebobis pirTaTvis saga­
momZieblo miniWebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia ios. maWavariani.
11. moxseneba – saqarTvelos senatis 1919 wlis ganmavlobaSi moq­
medebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia k. jafariZe.
Tavmjdomare. pirveli sakiTxi gaxlavT gangrZoba msjelobisa ag­
rarul reformasTan dakavSirebul dava-saCivris sasamarTlosagan
CamoSorebis Sesaxeb. sityva ekuTvnis b-n Sengelaias, leons.
l. Sengelaia. (s.-r.) batonebo! agraruli sakiTxi saerTod da
kerZod is agraruli reforma, romelic dRes CvenSi tardeba, yov­
elTvis iwvevs azrTa Sexla-Semoxlas da cxare kamaTs. es aucileb­
lad asec unda yofiliyo, radgan Cveni qveyana sameurneo qveyana
aris, eris umTavresi simdidre da avla-dideba aris miwa da aramc Tu
agraruli reforma, aramed yoveli am reformasTan dakavSirebuli
sakiTxi unda iwvevdes uTanxmoebas da davas. amiT aixsneba is gare­
moeba, rom am dekretis Sesaxeb kamaTi mesame sxdomaze grZeldeba. es
dekreti miwad-moqmedebis ministrma pirvelad waradgina agrarul
komisiaSi. maSin am dekrets cota sxvanairi xasiaTi hqonda. Tanaxmad
dekretisa unda Semdgariyo organo, romelic gaarCevda saCivrebs
dakavSirebuls agrarul reformasTan. miwad-moqmedebis ministris
proeqtis Tanaxmad es organo unda Sedgeniliyo Semdegnairad: mas­
Si Sevidoda or-ori wevri miwad-moqmedebis da iusticiis samin­
istrodan da erTi warmomadgeneli erobaTa centridan. winandel
dekrets safuZvlad edva 2 umTavresi mosazreba: Tqven mogexsenebaT,
rom miwebis CamorTmevis da ganawilebis niadagze bevri saCivrebi
da dava mosdioda miwad-moqmedebis ministrs da agrarul komisiebs.
raTa es reforma ar gaWianurebuliyo, ministri moiTxovda, rom es
saCivrebi ar garCeuliyo Cveulebrivi wesiT. maSasadame mTavari
azri am proeqtisa mdgomareobda imaSi, rom saCivrebis garCeviT ar
Seferxebuliyo reformis cxovrebaSi gatareba, rom SemoRebuliyo
iseTi wesi, rom am saCivrebis ganxilva SesaZlo yofiliyo Semokle­
buli gziT.
meore mTavari azri gaxlavT is, rom unda daarsebuliyo calke
organo saadministracio funqciebiT. safuZvlad amas is edva, rom
ministris sityva ar yofiliyo ukanaskneli sityva da ukantrolo
moqmedeba. warmodgenil dekretSi es orive mTavari azri uaryofil­
ia. marTalia dekreti moiTxovs, rom agrarul reformasTan dakav­
Sirebuli saqmeebi gairCes ara Cveulebrivi wesiT, magram amave dros
SemoRebulia iseTi wesebi, rom dekreti mTavar mizans ver aRwevs. es
dava unda gaarCios ministrma da mogexsenebaT Tu ki yvela saCivre­
bi, romelic aRiZreba respublikaSi gasarCevad movida ministrTan,
amas mTeli wlebi moundeba da miwad-moqmedebis saministroSi sadac

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isedac areul dareulia saqme, anarqia gamefdeba. Semdeg es dekreti
moiTxovs srul upasuxismgeblobas. ministris moqmedeba rCeba ukan­
trolod, is sruliad uaryofs ministris pasuxismgeblobas, rac mi­
uRebeli da Seuwynarebelia. Tumca unda mogaxsenoT, amaSi Tavisebu­
ri loRikac aris: Cven ar gvyavs mTavroba pasuxismgebeli, ministrebi
da xelmZRvaneli wreebi metad Tavisuflad epyrobian Cven mier ga­
mocemul kanonebs. am mdgomareobis loRikuri ganviTarebaa albaT
es dekreti. Cven yvela kanonebs aweria „kanoni ese ZalaSi Sedis dRi­
dan miRebisa damf. kr. mier“, magram faqtiurad yoveli kanoni ZalaSi
Sedis maSin, rodesac dasWirdeba es soc.-demokratebs an ama Tu im
ministrs da Tu ar dasWirdeba, SesaZloa kanoni gamovceT, magram is
ar Sedis ZalaSi. Tqven gaxsovT amas winad damf. krebam miiRo kanoni
deputatobis sxva samsaxurTan SeuTavseblobis Sesaxeb, e. i. dadge­
nileba, rom deputatebs ufleba ar aqvT sxva samsaxurSi Seviden,
rom deputatoba SeuTavsebelia sxva da sxva dawesebulebaSi samsax­
urTan. cxovrebaSi es ar gatarebula, SeiZleba iTqvas soc.-demok.
fraqciis naxevari Cinovnikebisagan Sesdgeba, zogi piradi mdivania,
zogi ara piradi, zogs magida abaria, zogs sufra. amis Semdeg me ar
mikvirs, rodesac gzaTa departamentis direqtori v. WiWinaZe depu­
tatebs служебный билет-ebs urigebs! (sicili). agreTve Tqven gaxsovT,
rom damf. krebam miiRo kanoni samxedro formis Sesaxeb. dawesda
axali forma Cveni jarisTvis, magram es kanoni ar gatarebula cx­
ovrebaSi. samxedro ministrma ramiSvilma es kanoni rom daarRvia,
es saxelmwifos daujdeba 3-4 milioni. amisTvis, ra Tqma unda, pasuxi
aravis ar mouTxovia ramiSvilisagan.
raica Seexeba miwad-moqmedebis saministros, is cnobilia, ro­
gorc iseTi saministro, romelic maSin gaatarebs kanons, rode­
sac am kanonis avtori TviT ministria, Tu ara da is ise kanonebs ar
gaatarebs cxovrebaSi. es cxadad davinaxeT tyis kanonis garCevis
dros. agrarul komisiaSi aris cnobebi, rom b. ministri ar atarebs
arc sxva kanonebs cxovrebaSi. yvela amis Semdeg yovlad SeuZlebelia
kidev axali saqmeebi CavabaroT b. ministrs ise, rom pasuxi aravis wi­
naSe ar agos. Cveni fraqcia ar iziarebs arc imaT pozicias, vinc ase
TavgamodebiT icavs am dekrets, arc imaT pozicias, vinc xelaRebiT
uaryofs mas. Cvenis azriT sakiTxi ase unda daisvas: SesaZlebelia
Tu ara, rom davam Seaferxos, gaaWianuros reformis gatareba? ai
sakiTxi. Cven vambobT, rom, Tu saCivari Cveulebrivi wesiT ganvix­
ileT, es Seaferxebs agrarul reformas, aqedan, cxadia, erTad erTi
gamosavali aseTia: unda Seiqnas iseTi organo, romelic damoukide­
beli iqneba, romelic gauwevs kontrols b. ministrs da im organos,
romelic atarebs agrarul reformas.
es imitomaa saWiro, rom momCivanma ar iaros ministridan senata­
mde; didi dro unda da es gaaWianurebs reformis gatarebas. maSasa­
dame unda Seiqnas organo. zogis azriT aseTi organo ukve arsebobs;

390
es aris senati, is arCeulia damf. krebis mier da aRWurvilia Cveni
ndobiT. garda amisa Cveni senati arc ise aris datvirTuli saqmiT,
rom Tavi ver gaarTvas da es saqme ver moagvaros. aris kidev erTi mo­
sazreba: saqme imaSia, rom bolos da bolos iqmneba aseTi mdgomareo­
ba, roca miviReT debuleba senatis Sesaxeb, ar migviRia senatisTvis
erTi udidesi ufleba – reviziis ufleba. dRes, gamodis, rom vacliT
senats erTs dargs, SesaZlebelia xval moxdes, rom meore dargi Cam­
ovarTviT. SeiZleba ise wavides saqme, rom senatis arsebobam sruli­
ad dahkargos azri. magram Cemis azriT, aq laparaki senatze ar aris;
sakiTxi ase sdgas: Seaferxebs Cveulebrivi wesiT davis garCeva agra­
rul reformas, Tu ara. ai aq aris simZime sakiTxisa. Cven vambobT, rom
es Seaferxebs, (gvazava: samarTlianobis garantia sad iqneba?) amis­
aTvis, mogaxsenebT, unda daarsdes organo, romlis winaSec ministri
iqneba pasuxismgebeli. es aris erTad erTi garantia, rom ministri
ar iqnes upasuxismgeblo Tavis moqmedebaSi.
aris kidev erTi mosazreba, romelic gvaiZulebs rom gverdi
auxvioT senats. senatma unda ganixilos sakiTxi ara arsebiTad, ar­
amed formalurad. CvenSi moqmedebs ara marto Cven mier gamocemuli
kanonebi, aramed ruseTis kanonebic. magaliTad me-10-e tomi, aq savse­
biT ZalaSi aris. yvela amas sWirdeba SeTanxmeba, gadamuSaveba. da aq
SesaZlebelia Cven wavawydeT did uxerxulobas. CvenSi uaryofili
ar aris kerZo sakuTreba. es instituti kidev arsebobs. magram Cven
varTmevT amave dros sakuTrebas mesakuTres – erT kacs varTmevT us­
asyidlod, xolo imave sakuTrebas vaZlevT meores sasyidliT. gana es
forma misaRebia? rogor SeiZleba erTma mesakuTrem Tavis sakuTre­
baze xeli aiRos usasyidlod da meorem am uflebiT isargeblos? es
SeuZlebelia formalurad. aviRoT Rala. Tqven iciT, roca ivlisis
3-is kanoni miviReT, Rala arsebobda. Semdeg akrZaluli iyo Rala,
magram vidre memamules ar CamovarTviT miwebi, mas formalurad
qonda ufleba Ralis akrebisa. Tu am gzas davadeqiT, metad garTul­
deba saqme. axla vikiTxoT visTvis aris saWiro, rom es reforma ga­
Wianurdes? rogorc mogexsenebaT, agraruli reforma Sesdgeba ori
nawilisgan: miwebis konfiskacia, es aris namdvili revoliucionu­
ri zoma. aq umTavresad Civian, davoben yofili memamuleni, isini vi­
sac miwebi CamoerTvaT, roca isini moiTxoven, rom es sakiTxi gairC­
es Cveulebrivis wesiTo, es imas niSnavs, rom Cven memamuleebs surT
saqme gaWianurdes, rom cota rames CamorCen agrarul reformas. da,
rodesac socialistebi gamodian da icaven im azrs, rom Cveulebriv­
is wesiT gairCes davao, es CemTvis gaugebaria! sul sxvaa meore nawi­
li agraruli reformisa: miwebis danawileba. erTi mesakuTre miwas
yidulobs meorisagan. es aris Cveulebrivi samoqalaqo yidva-gayid­
va. ra SuaSia aq revoliucia? Cemis azriT usamarTloba iqneboda,
rom is dava da saCivari, romelic aris dakavSirebuli am agraruli
reformis meore nawilTan Cveulebrivi wesiT ar gairCes.

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 dasasrul Cveni azri aseTia: saWiroa calke organo, sadac gair­
Ceva dava. dauSvebelia, rom ministri marto Tavisi Tavis winaSe iyos
pasuxismgebeli da ar iyos instituti, romlis winaSec ministri pasux­
ismgebeli iqneba. da vinaidan warmodgenili dekreti sul sxvanairad
aris Sedgenili: erTi mxriv is moiTxovs araCveulebriv wesebs da meo­
re mxriv is akanonebs ministris srul pasuxismgeblobas, amitom Cveni
fraqcia am dekretis winaaRmdeg miscems xmas.
Tavmjdomare. sityva momxsenebels ekuTvnis, b. niniZes.
k. niniZe. (s.-d.) batonebo! me Cems moxsenebaSi Zalian mokled aRvniSne
is mTavari debuleba, romelic gvaiZulebda Cven es dekreti Tqvens
winaSe warmogvedgina. me vfiqrobdi, rom is, SedarebiT umniSvnelo
sakiTxi, romelic am dekretSi aris aRniSnuli, ar gamoiwvevda aseT
davas, magram rogorc etyoba marTalia erTi ram, saxeldobr is, rom
jgufuri interesi yovelTvis ufro maRla sdgas saxelmwifoebrivze.
(gvazava: marTali ar aris!) es jgufuri interesi exveva ganyenebul
samarTlianobis samoselSi.
am ubralo sakiTxmac imitom gamoiwvia es didi dava, rom ar iyo ar­
sebiTad gulwrfeli is gancxadeba, romelic gveubneboda: agraruli
reforma Cqara gatarda cxovrebaSio. es ar aris personaluri, piradi
nakli, es aris istoriis nakli, nakli gansazRvruli jgufis.
ra aris aq sadavo? Tqven brZaneT, rom agraruli reforma unda
gatardes cxovrebaSio, magram amave dros uaryofT gansazRvrul
zomebis miRebis saWiroebas da laparakobT uaRres samarTlianobaze:
am kiTxvis gadawyveta daeqvemdebaros sasamarTloso. Tqven me avan­
sad geTanxmebiT, rom yoveli dava sasamarTloSi ufro miudgomlad
gadawydeba. am princips Cven ar uarvyofT. (gvazava: maS raSia saqme?)
raSia saqme? mogaxsenebT. jer erTi, rom es dekreti ar aris axali,
rom ianvris 1 kanonSiac aris naTqvami, rom agraruli reforma eqve­
mdebarebodes saministros, romlis adgilobrivi organoc aris ero­
bao. Tu Tqven, batono gvazava da – b. dadiani aq ar brZandeba – misi
fraqcia moigonebs am kanon-proeqts, iq aSkarad aris naTqvami, rom
agrarul reformis gatareba evaleba miwad-moqmedebis saministros,
romlis adgilobrivi organo aris eroba (gvazava: ra aris, kanoni?).
gansakuTrebuli muxli SevitaneT, romliTac miwad-moqmedebis samin­
istros evaleba instruqciebis gamocema. (gvazava: yovel ministrs aqvs
ufleba instruqciebis gamocemisa). diax, batono gvazava, yovel min­
istrs aqvs ufleba gamosces instruqciebi, magram Tu Tqven aRiarebT,
rom agraruli reforma Cqara unda gatardeso, maSin saWiroa iseT in­
struqciebis gamocema, romliTac SeiZleba martis kanonis ganmarte­
ba, Tqven naxavT, rom zogierTi muxlebi kanonmdeblobiTi xasiaTisa
aris. marTalia formalurad es yovlad dauSvebelia, magram im dawe­
sebulebam, romelmac es kanoni mogvca, aRniSna, rom erTia uaRresi
samarTlianoba, romelic gadaiWreba sasamarTloSi da meorea azri,
romelic am reformas aqvso. es aris: rac SeiZleba umamulo glexebi

392
male unda davakmayofiloT miwiTo. es aris azri am kanonisa da Tqven
angariSs ar uwevT imas, Tu ras niSnavs reformis cxovrebaSi gatareba.
es metad axirebuli sakiTxia. b. gvazavas hgonia, rom oRond miwad moq­
medebis saministros moundes am reformis cxovrebaSi gatareba da igi
mas erT wamSi gaatarebs. magram rodesac saministro atarebs kanons,
romelic Cveni meurneobis arsebobis safuZvels Seexeba, nu Tu Tqvena
ggoniaT, rom amis gamo dava ar daibadeba? vin gadawyvets am davas? Tu
ggoniaT, rom ministri monawileobas iRebs reformis cxovrebaSi ga­
tarebaSi da davis gadawyvetaSi ki sxva dawesebuleba, maSin ministri
am reformas cxovrebaSi ver gaatarebs. (xmauroba. gvazava: ukanonobaa!
danarCeni replikebi ar ismis).
rodesac Tqven brZanebT, rom reformis cxovrebaSi gatareba sxvaa
da davis gadawyveta ki sxvao, es meti rom ar vsTqvaT, didi uloRikoba
aris, radganac kanonmdeblobas mxolod is qonda saxeSi, rom es reforma
gatarebuliyo cxovrebaSi. Cven is ki ar gadagviwyvetia, rom miwad-moq­
medebis saministro aRvWurvoT upasuxismgeblobiT, rogorc rac Tqven
brZanebT., amazed mogaxsenebT Semdeg. es gza avirCieT mas Semdeg, rac
reformis cxovrebaSi gatareba ganvizraxeT. is ar aris sruliad axali
gza da unda mogaxsenoT, rom iuristebma unda icodes, rom saxelmwi­
foSi yvela zomebi erTi da imave wesiT tardeba. (kedia: Zalmomreobis
gza aris!). b. gvazavam mSvenivrad icis, rom aris kanonieri savele sa­
samarTlo. ratom gonia b. gvazavas, frontze rom sasamarTlo Sedg­
es, is daicavs samarTlianobas? 24 saaTSi, rogor SeiZleba damnaSavis
pirovnebis gageba? magram frontze 24 saaTSi SeiZleba daxvriton kaci.
es samxedro wesi, es savele sasamarTlo, yovelive es aris sworeT is
gza, romelsac saxelmwifo xSirad daadgeba xolme Tavisi arsebobis
dasacavad! (gvazava: omianobis dros batono!). diaR, Tqven omianobaT
ar migaCniaT es, am reformis gatareba, radgan es Tqvens TvalSi ise
saswrafo ar aris, rogorc bolSevikebis Tavidan moSoreba. demokra­
tias ki es udides sakiTxad miaCnia, vinaidan is saxelmwifo, romelic
glexobas ver uzrunvelyofs, is axal saSiSroebis winaSe iqneba. amitom
yovelive saxelmwifos sCvevia, rom zogierTi zomebi gaataros gansa­
kuTrebul wesiT. (gvazava: stolipinis wesiT!). diaR, demokratias ar
SeuZlian uaryos meTodi stolipinis brZolisa, imitom, rom es TqvenT­
vis aris saWiro. is uaRresi samarTlianobaa, Tu SesZlebT aiciloT Ta­
vidan zogierTi TqvenTvis ara sasargeblo zomebi, rogorc magaliTad
miwis CamorTmeva. kanonmdeblad stolipini rom yofiliyo, is miwas ar
CamoarTmevda, magram glexebs Seaviwrovebda. (kedia: RmerTma nu qnas!).
RmerTma nu qnas, magram darwmunebuli brZandebodeT, rom Tqven wi­
naaRmdegi ar iqnebiT misi zomebisa. (xmauroba). aq ar brZandeba erTi
fraqciis warmomadgeneli, romelic xels uSlida sax. saTaTbiroSi xi­
zanTa ganTavisuflebas, magram dameTanxmebiT, rom arc erTi iuristi
ar aRSfoTebula im gziT da wesebiT, romliTac tardeboda 1914 wlis
kanoni. es iyo administraciuli wesi da arc SeiZleboda sxvanairad

393
gatareba. mgonia, rom Tu Tqven batonebo, gulwrfelad gsurT, rom
agraruli reforma unda gatardes saCqarod cxovrebaSi da Tu Tqven
marTla pativs scemT sasamarTlos, maSin Cven es sakiTxi ase unda ga­
davwyvitoT, da ara ise, rogorc Tqven brZanebT. aq ki erTis mxriT Tqven
b. gvazava, ar xarT gacnobili debulebas saadministracio sasamarTlos
Sesa­xeb. es debuleba gamoica 1917 w. kerenskis dros da is exlac moq­
medebs CvenSi. es debuleba mdgomareobs imaSi, rom yoveli gankargule­
ba administraciisa, qalaqisa da erobisa eqvemdebareba adgilobriv
saadministracio sasamarTlos. aqedan aSkaraa is, rom samazro eroba
am miwis darigebasTan axlo aris. is usaTuod gamoitans raime dadge­
nilebas amis Sesaxeb. ar aris marTali, viTom am reformis gatareba ar
SeCerdeba, radgan es dava adgilobrivi gansaCivrebuli iqneba saad­
ministracio sasamarTloSi. iq ki SeiZleba SeCerebis sisruleSi moy­
vana. (gvazava: roca igi ukanonobaa!). es Tavis Tavad cxadia, rom roca
ukanonoba aris, unda SeCerdes, magram Tqven sTqviT, rom sasamarTlo
ver SeaCerebs dadgenilebis sisruleSi moyvanaso. es ar aris marTali.
sasamarTlo SeaCerebs da valdebulic aris SeaCeros. (gvazava: kanons
ratom CamorCeba? kanons ver SeaCerebs!). me mikvirs rodesac dadiani
brZanebs, rom davadginoT, rom SeCerebis ufleba ar qondes sasamarT­
loso. es uazroba aris. imitom, rom sasamarTlo risTvis arCevs davas,
Tu imis gadawyvetilebas araviTari efeqti ar eqneba. sasamarTlo ar
aris Tavisufal moazrovneTa klubi da arc filosofiuri sazogadoe­
ba, sadac bWoben, msjeloben da gamoaqvT dadgenilebani.
Tqven mogexsenebaT, b. gvazava, rom iuristi brZandebiT, erobis
dad­genileba SeiZleba gansaCivrebul iqnas adgilobriv administra­
ciul sasamarTloSi da senatis saadministracio ganyofilebaSi. aris
gansazRvruli vadebi da rogor SeiZleba, rom saqme ar gagrZeldes.
me konkretiulad mogaxsenebT. aq viRacam brZana, rom leCxumis miwebi
sul ar varga, sul me-2 da me-3 kateroriisa aris, magram pirvel kate­
goriaSi Caricxeso. es imas niSnavs, rom imas, visac me-2 kategoriidan
15 des. unda rgeboda, Rebulobs imdens, ramdenic dadgenilia pirvel
kategoriaze, e. i. 7 desetinas. Tavis-Tavad cxadia, rom sasamarTlos am
dadgenilebis gasaCivrebisaTvis sWirdeba dro, rogorc CamorTmevis­
aTvis, ise gadacemisaTvis. me Tqven gekiTxebiT, rodemdis gagrZeldeba
es? marto uwyebis gagzavna ori mopirdapire mxarisaTvis did dros
moiTxovs. senats rogor SeuZlian ganasaCivros leCxumis midamoSi pir­
veli Tu meore kategoria aris miwa. arc saadministracio ganyofile­
bas SeuZlia am saqmis warmoeba, Tu man ar daniSna eqspertiza. amisaTvis
ki fuli unda gadaixadon. magram xan fuls ar Semoitanen, xan eqsper­
tiza gaxdeba avad, xan leCxumSi gza ar iqneba. es ar SeaCerebs agrarul
reformis cxovrebaSi gatarebas?
Tqven Tu marTla gulwrfeli brZandebiT da fiqrobT, rom agra­
ruli reforma Cqara unda gatardeso, maSin xeli unda aiRoT yovel­
gvar saCivris am wesiT garCevazed. (gvazava: ramdeni procentia?).

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 exlave mogaxsenebT. gaxlavT 100 proc. senatis debuleba ras niS­
navs? yoveli gankarguleba ministrisa eqvemdebareba senats. aseTia
debuleba. es niSnavs imas, rom rodesac eroba ar daakmayofilebs
glexis saCivars, imas davaleba aqvs mimarTos miwad-moqmedebis samin­
istros. igi an daakmayofilebs, an ar daakmayofilebs am saCivars. xom
SeiZleba, rom 90 proc. ar daakmayofilebs am saCivars maSin (gvazava:
Tu samarTlinia?). momCivans neba aqvs mimarTos senats. amitom me mgo­
nia imdeni procenti iqneba saCivrebisa, ramdenic ukmayofilo darCe­
ba. me ki mgonia bevri proc. iqneba ukmayofilo, radgan ar vmalavT
imas, rom komisiebma ganzrax bevrgan 1-l kategoriis miwebi CasTvales
me-2 kategoriad, es moxda im glexebis moTxovniT, romelnic iq arian
da miwas unda daepatronon. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi isini memamuleTa
saxlebis gadawviT imuqreboden. Tu Tqven gindaT SeqmnaT aseTi mdgo­
mareoba, me ar vici. Tqven ityviT milicia, sagangebo razmi gyavTo, ma­
gram yoveli milicia uZluria aseT movlenebTan brZolaSi. Tu Tqven
gindaT SemoiRoT iseTi milicia, romelmac glexebi unda daarbios, es
sxva sakiTxia. magram igi savsebiT ewinaaRmdegeba agrarul reformis
politikas, romelic Tqven inebeT da daakanoneT.
exla Tqven ambobT ministris upasuxismgeblobaze. rasakvirve­
lia, Tu miiRebT im debulebas, romelic Sengelaiam mogaxsenaT, rom
mTavroba sazogadod pasuxismgebeli ar aris – es didi sakiTxia. Sei­
Zleba ar iyos pasuxismgebeli, magram Cven gvinda, rom kanoni iyos is,
rac formalurad damtkicebulia damfuZnebel krebis umravlesobis
mier. arc erTi qveyanaSi ar SeiZleba dakanondes is, rasac moiTxovs
umciresoba. Cven formalurad marTali varT, arsebiTad xalxTan
wavalT, iq vilaparakoT. exla upasuxismgeblobaze. Cven vambobT, rom
ministri ar aris upasuxismgeblo. verc erTi ministri ver gadas­
wyvets sakiTxs ise, Tu ar SeekiTxa erobas, imitom, rom man ar icis
adgilobrivi kanonebi. is iZulebulia mimarTos samazro erobas.
exla Tqven Tu ggoniaT, eroba, romelic aris arCeuli axali sistemiT,
biurokratiuli dawesebuleba aris (gvazava: soc.-demokratebi ari­
an?). zogan erov.-demokratebic arian. Tqven Tu amas ityviT batono
gvazava, Tqven uaryofT saxelmwifo princips. xalxma vinc airCia, is
aris ufleba mosili. yovel SemTxvevaSi me minda davemyaro im samar­
Tals, romelic xalxTan aris, is samarTali ki, romelic mimarTulia
winaaRmdeg xalxisa da revoliuciisa, unda darRveul iqnas. Cven vic­
iT istoriuli magaliTebi: rac dRes samarTlianad iTvleba, meore
dRes xalxi cvlis mas. ra Tqma unda, Tu reaqciam gaimarjva, saxrC­
obelaze iqneba gayvanili is, vinc reaqciis kanoni daarRvia. magram
amaze ar mogaxsenebT, mogaxsenebT im Tvalsazriszed, romelzedac
idga yofili saqarTvelos parlamenti da dRes damfuZnebeli kreba.
es kanonieria Tu ara? am TvalsazrisiT kanonieria, radgan aq admin­
istraciuli wesiT, araCveulebrivi wesiT garCeva Tavidanve iyo gad­
awyvetili. am gziT midioda mTavroba. ministri ar aris upasuxismge­

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blo, radganac komisiis dadgenileba SeiZleba gansaCivrebul iqnas
erobaSi, erobis dadgenileba miwad-moqmedebis saministroSi, mi­
w.-moq. saministros dadgenileba ki mTavrobaSi. Tu amdeni instancia
TqvenTvis ar qmnis sakmao sabuTs imisaTvis, rom samarTliani iqneba
ganaCeni, maSin Tavis Tavad cxadia Tqven winaaRmdegi iqnebiT dRevan­
deli winadadebisa. (gvazava: piriqiT vicavT?). es sxva sakiTxia, amaze
sxvagan movilaparakoT, me vambob ministris upasuxismgeblobaze ar
SeiZleba laparaki.
me Zalian makvirvebs b. Sengelaia, romelmac gaiziara azri,
rom araCveulebrivi gziT swydeba es sakiTxebio da amave dros Se­
mogvTavaza damoukidebeli organo. magram damoukidebeli organo
manam aris warmosadgeni, sanam arsebobs samazro eroba. Cven ideal­
istebi ara varT da vfiqrobT, rom ar SeiZleba iyos aseTi organo
damoukidebeli, Tu kontroli ar aris. gekiTxebiT Tqven, ra saWiroa,
rodesac gvaqvs senati, rom SevqmnaT iseTi organo, romelic Tavis
muSaobiT da SemadgenlobiT gacilebiT dabali iqneba, vidre Cveule­
brivi sasamarTlo. ra saWiroa es? (gvazava: es aris Tqveni proeqti!).
Cven mogaxsenebT, rom ar aris ukeTesi sakrebulo senati. Cven rom
aseTi sakrebulo Segveqmna, davamcirebdiT sasamarTlos ideas da
Rirsebas. miwad-moqmedebis saministros ori moxele ukeT gadasWris
vinem senati? Cven vambobT: am sakiTxs gadaswyvets administracia da
Tu vinmes hgonia, rom funqciebis danawileba damfuZnebeli krebis
mier, uzenaesi krebis mier, es aris damcireba sasamarTlosio, maSin
ar vici ra kategoriis xalxTan gvaqvs saqme. Sromis ganawileba, fun­
qciebis ganawileba aris damcireba? ar dawerila iseTi kanoni, ro­
melic yvela kiTxvis garCevas aZlevdes sasamarTlos. Cven ar gvinda
ganyenebuli samarTlianobisaTvis xalxis interesebi SevlaxoT. Cven
mivsdevT qristes mcnebas. is ar iyo iuristi, magram kargi praqtiko­
si iyo. SabaTi kacisaTvis da ara kaci SabaTisaTvis. (gvazava: mieciT
keisrisa keisarsa, da RvTisa...). ai swored is sakiTxi, romelic swraf
gadawyvetas moiTxovs keisars mivandoT da is, rac met sidinjes
moiTxovs – sasamarTlos. Cven vambobT, sasamarTlos wesi ver uz­
runvelyofs glexebis interesebs. ai aqedan gamovdivarT, magram Tu
Tqveni principi miviReT, miwebs ver CamovarTmevdiT. vinaidan Tqveni
samarTlianoba ambobs, ver CamovarTmevT miwebs memamuleebs, kerZo
sakuTreba aris xelSeuxebeli da wmindao. Tqveni principi uaryofs
agrarul reformis gatarebis princips. Cven ufro samarTlianad
migvaCnia sasamarTlo rom gansjides am saqmeebs, magram es agraru­
li reformis cxovrebaSi gatarebas daagvianebs. amitom vanTavisu­
flebT sasamarTlos sruliad da gvinda es sakiTxi gadaswydes admin­
istraciis wesiT. arsebobs erTad-erTi kontroli – eroba, mTavroba
da damf. kreba. roca darRveva iqneba, maSin gaqvT ufleba SekiTxva
SemoitanoT. amitom vfiqrob es dekreti unda iqnas miRebuli. erTi
mosazreba iyo kidev gamoTqmuli dadianis mier: es unda miviRoT

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kanon-proeqtis wesiTo. es niSnavs, rom 7 dRis Semdeg moxdeba misi
meore ganxilva. am xnis ganmavlobaSi SeiZleba Sig Sesworebis Setana.
dekretSi ki SeiZleba Sesworebis Setana yovelTvis da Svidi dRe ar
aris saWiro.
ar aris marTali is azri, viTom dekretis saxiT ar miiReba kano­
nio. kanoni aris iseTi forma, romelic awesebs erTgvar movaleobas
moqalaqeTaTvis; miiRebT amas dekretis Tu kanonis saxiT, gansxvave­
ba ar aris didi. yovel SemTxvevaSi es forma ufro misaRebia, vidre
Tqveni fraqciis forma. Cven rom kanonis saxiT migveRo, es iqneboda
aranormaluri mdgomareobis gaxangrZliveba. muxli, romelic sen­
atis debulebaze laparakobs, aris droebiTi, sanam reforma iqne­
bodes gatarebuli. xolo roca am agrarul reformas gavatarebT,
maSin imave dekretis saxiT movspobT am muxls, romelsac am dekretiT
viRebT da Cveulebrivi kanoni dagvrCeba. rom senatis debulebis Se­
bRalva gvdomoda, Cven kanonis saxiT CamovarTmevdiT mas ramodenime
funqcias, magram Cven amas vRebulobT, rogorc droebiT zomas.
Tqven ambobT Zveli romaelebiviT: `qveyana daiRupos, mxolod
samarTlianoba arsebobdeso~-o. Cven ki vambobT: SeiZleba es formal­
uri samarTlianoba dairRves, magram qveyana nu daiRupeba.
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom gadavideT muxlobriv
ganxilvaze? (muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti xmis umravleso­
biT miRebulia).
Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva b. k. niniZes ekuTvnis.

2. kanon-proeqti – mevenaxeobis da meRvineobis

tfilisis da quTaisis sagubernio komitetis gauqmebisa
da aRaianis, kondolis da Cumlayis sanergeebis
erobisaTvis gadacemis gamo.

kir. niniZe. (s.-d.) aRniSnuli kanon-proeqti exeba mevenaxeTa da

meRvineTa tfilisis da quTaisis sagubernio komitetebs da Txou­
lobs am komitetebis gauqmebas. mas Semdeg, rac Cven gavauqmeT sagu­
bernio mmarTveloba da SemoviReT ara sagubernio, aramed samazro
eroba, mas Semdeg metia sruliad sagubernio komitetis arseboba.
amitom miwad-moqmedebis ministris proeqti, rom gauqmebul iqnas es
sagubernio komiteti, miRebul iqna agrarul komisiis mier, im saxiT,
rom es komiteti uqmdeba, misi inventari da sxva qoneba ki saTanado
samazro erobis gankargulebaSi gadadis. erobebs evalebaT gakeTeba
im saqmis, romelic dakisrebuli hqonda sagubernio komitets. maT ga­
daecemaT agreTve sanergeebi garda erTi sanergisa, romelsac saminis­
trosa da komisiis azriT aqvs saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvneloba. es aris
saqaris sanerge, romelic darCeba centraluri mmarTvelobis xelSi.
aseTia proeqti.

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 Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? vin aris
winaaRmdegi, rom gadavideT muxlobriv ganxilvaze? aravin. (saTana­
do vadis gasvlis Semdeg kanon-proeqti ganixileba muxlobrivad).
Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis k. niniZes.
kir. niniZe. (kiTxulobs meore muxlobriv ganxilvas kanon-proeq­
tisas – mkvidrTagan mitovebul yofil saxazino miwebis saxelmwifo
fondSi gadasvlis Sesaxeb. damf. kreba kanon-proeqts ucvlelad
iRebs).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva b. niniZes ekuTvnis.

3. pirveli zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa –

miwad-moqmedebis saministros dawesebulebaTa
Statis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

kirile niniZe. (s.-d.) aRniSnuli Statebi, romelTa proeqtic aq

aris warmodgenili, miRebulia agrarul da sabiujeto-safinanso
komisiis mier. es Statebi miRebulia Zveli Statebis nacvlad. State­
bi muSavdeboda Tanaxmad 28 ianv. dadgenilebisa sauwyebaTaSoriso
komisiisgan: finansTa saministros, saxelmwifo kontrolis da mi­
wad-moqmedebis saministros warmomadgenelTagan. winaswar am komi­
sias qonda davalebuli uwyebaTa Statebis ganxilva da mTavrobis
moxseneba. komisiam ganixila es proeqti da miiRo zogierTi cvlile­
bani, magaliTad: ministrTa sabWoSi – sabWos 4 wevris magier komisiam
dastova 2. vinaidgan miwad-moqmedebis saministros uxdeba sameurneo
iaraRis da sxva masalis SeZena, rogorc Tavis dawesebulebaTaTvis,
ise mcxovrebTa Soris gasanawileblad, raic moiTxovs specialuri
pirebis yolas, sauwyebaTaSoriso komisiam sasurvelad dainaxa erTi
sagangebo mindobilebaTa specialuri piris Tanamdeboba. wignT-sa­
cavSi 2 Tanamdebobis magier 1. garda amisa komisiam Seamcira SikrikTa
raodenoba 8-dan 6-mde.
es ganzraxuli proeqti kanonisa scvlis im Statebs, romelnic
miRebuli iyo 1919 wlis 28 ianvars da gamoqveynebuli iyo kanonTa
krebulis mesame nomerSi. aseTia proeqti Statebisa.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobrivi
ganxilvisa? aravin. kanon-proeqti miRebulia. Semdegi sakiTxis Sesa­
xeb sityva oniaSvils ekuTvnis.

4. dekreti sabaJo dawesebulebaTa sakancelario

gadasaxadis nixris gadidebisa.

d. oniaSvili. (s.-d.) saqarTvelos parlamentma 1918 wels noem­

bris 12 miiRo kanoni, romlis ZaliT dawesebuli iqna sakancela­rio

398
gadasaxadi yvela sabaJo dawesebulebaSi. am gadasaxadis raode­
noba maSindeli pirobebis mixedviT normaluri iyo. dRes pirobe­
bi Seicvala. sakancelario xarjebi ise gadidda da mosamsaxureTa
ja­magirebi ise gaizarda, rom Zveli kanoni dRvandel pirobebSi
yovlad gamousadegaria. axla dekretis azri imaSia, rom es Zveli
normebi icvleba da unda gadiddes 1-dan 5 maneTamde da sxva. ai mok­
le azri am dekretisa.
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi zogadi msjelobisa? aravin.
gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze. (muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg
dekreti miRebul iqna da saredaqcio komisias gadaeca).
Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis b-on naTaZes.

5. dekreti saistorio, saarqeologio, samxatvro

da sakulturo nivTebis saqarTvelos
respublikidan gatanis akrZalvisa.

gr. naTaZe. (s.-d.) batonebo, mogexsenebaT, rom yoveli kulturu­

li saxelmwifo afasebs Tavisi eris kulturul naSTebs da garda
amisa yovelive samecniero xelsawyos, wigni iqneba es Tu sxva. bevri
sargeblobda SemTxveviT da gaqondaT aqedan es naSTebi da mSvenieri,
iSviaTi samecniero xelsawyo. mosazreba sxva da sxva nairi iyo. zogi
amas spekuliaciis mizniT akeTebda da zogic politikuri mizniT. am
arev darevis dros Zalian kritikul garemoebebSi Cavarda mecniere­
ba. Tqven ueWvelia gagigoniaT xSirad, rom bevri Zvirfasi Zveli xe­
lsawyo unaxavT bazarSi, magram imis magivrad, rom is Tavis adgilas
yofiliyo Senaxuli, xSirad yidden. amis winaaRmdeg brZola swar­
moebs. aseTi brZola CvenTvis saWiroa gansakuTrebiT exla, rodesac
xelidan gvecleba auarebeli simdidre. amitom es kanon-proeqti
aukrZalavs yovel moqalaqes, rom saqarTvelos sazRvrebidan gaz­
idos aseTi kulturuli naSTebi, istoriuli an arqeologiuri, an
esa Tu is naweri, wigni, samecniero xelsawyo, an Zvirfasi gamocema,
axali Tu Zveli, an Zvirfasi xelnaweri. ai es gaxlavT Tu miiRebT,
dekretis Sinaarsi.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom muxlobriv ganxilvazed gadavideT? aravin.
gTxovT pirveli muxli waikiTxoT.
(muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg kanon-proeqti miRebulia ukamaTod
da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias).

399
 6. kanon-proeqti sasamarTlos dawesebulebaTa
debulebaTa 206-9 da 406 -11 muxlebis Secvlis Sesaxeb.

Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. s. jafariZes.

s. jafariZe (s.-d.) mogexsenebaT, batonebo, rom olqis sasamar­
TloSi, samosamarTlo palataSi da senatSi saqmis warmoeba SeuZlian
nafic veqils da garda amisa kerZo veqilebsac. vinc moisurvebs amas,
imaT eZlevaT mowmoba, rom ama da am kacs aqvs ufleba awarmovos esa
da es saqme, rodesac saTanado gamocdas Caabarebs da miiRebs saTana­
do mowmobaso. amas gadasaxadi aqvs dawesebuli, magram exla, mogex­
senebaT, rom qaRaldis fulis kursi Zlier daeca. aRaraviTari mniS­
vneloba am gadasaxads aRara aqvs. amis gamo iusticiis saministro
Semodis winadadebiT, rom es gadasaxadi gadidebul iqnes, saxeldo­
br: 40 man. – 3.000 maneTad, 75 man. – 5500 man. ai mTeli Sinaarsi am
kanon-proeqtisa.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? sityva ar­
avisa surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobrivi ganxilvisa? winaaRmdegi
aravin aris da saTanado dros gasvlis Semdeg gadavalT muxlobriv
ganxilvazed. Semdegi sakiTxi aris –

7. dekreti tfilisis sasaxlis sakanonmdeblo

dawesebulebis sabinadrod aRiarebisa.

sityva ekuTvnis b. k. jafariZes.

k. jafariZe (s.-d.) mogexsenebaT, rom am ukanasknel dromde sasaxlis
SenobaSi moTavsebuli iyo ara marto sakanonmdeblo dawesebuleba,
aramed mTavrobis saqmeTa sammarTvelos kancelaria da saxalxo gvar­
diis Stabi. marTva-gamgeoba sasaxlisa mTavrobis dadgenilebiT hqon­
da mindobili mTavrobis Tavmjdomares. maSasadame mTavrobis Tavmj­
domare iyo gamge sasaxlisa, magram man gadasca es ufleba sagangebo
komisias. am komisiaSi Sedioda erTi warmomadgeneli prezidiumisa,
erTi saxalxo gvardiis Stabisa, erTi TviT mTavrobis Tavmjdomaris
warmomadgeneli. rac Seexeba sasaxlis baRs, misi gamgebloba iyo mi­
wad-moqmedebis saministros sruls gankargulebaSi. amnairad saxliT
sargeblobda sami dawesebuleba da marTva-gamgeoba ki ori organos
xelT iyo. es mdgomareoba gamowveuli iyo im garemoebiT, rom mTavro­
bis saqmeTa sammarTvelos kancelarias da saxalxo gvardiis Stabs ar
hqonda Sesaferisi sakuTari bina, da sasaxle ki samive dawesebulebas
ver hyofnida da zogierT komisias damfuZnebeli krebisa sakuTari
oTaxic ki ara hqondaT. dRes aseTi mdgomareoba aRar aris. rogorc
mogexsenebaT, mTavrobis saqmeTa sammarTvelos kancelaria da saxalxo
gvardiis Stabi ukve gadavidnen yofil kadetTa korpusis binaze, ase

400
rom sasaxle axla damfuZnebel krebas darCa. aucilebeli saWiroeba
moiTxovs, rom sasaxleTi sargebloba gadavides sakanonmdeblo or­
ganos xelSi. Tavis-Tavad cxadia, rom marTva-gamgeoba saxlisa unda
iyos am organos xelSi. amas moiTxovs TviT am saqmis wesierad wayvana,
vinaidan gaugebroba daibadeboda, rom faqtiurad sasaxliT sarge­
blobdes erTi dawesebuleba da marTva-gamgeoba ki meore dawese­
bulebis xelSi iyos.
rac Seexeba baRs, baRiT sargebloba da gamgeblobac, Cven gvgonia,
rom unda iyos imis xelSi, vis xelSiac iqneba sasaxle, vinaidan baRi
ganuyofeli nawilia TviT sasaxlisa da, rom sasaxles ganagebdes erTi
organo da baRs ki meore, es mizan-Seuwoneli da miuRebelia. garda
amisa es xels SeuSlis sasaxlis dacvas. ai am mosazrebiT prezidiumma
da agreTve sameurneo komisiam miiCnia, rom sasaxleSi moTavsdes dam­
fuZnebeli kreba, Semdeg parlamenti da sasaxle da baRis gamgeblobac
mis xelSi iqnes.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? sityva
aravis surs, vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom muxlobriv ganxilvaze gadavi­
deT? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvazed.
(muxlobrivi ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna da gadaeca
saredaqcio komisias). sityva ekuTvnis i. maWavarians.

8. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa jaSu-

SobasTan sabrZolvelad damzveravi nawilis Tanamdebobis
pirTaTvis sagamomZieblo funqciebis miniWebis Sesaxeb.

i. maWavariani. (e.-d.) batonebo, yoveli saxelmwifo Tavis kanonmde­

blobiT uTmobs saTanado adgils am sakiTxs. Tanamedrove cxovrebaSi
amas SemTxveviTi xasiaTi ar aqvs, es aris rTuli organizacia, romel­
sac miznad aqvs dasaxuli saxelmwifo mTeli organizaciebis saidum­
lo muSaobis Sesaxeb cnobebi Seagrovos da miawodos sxva saxelm­
wifos. (gvazava: jaSuSebis momxsenebeli xarT?). amnairad jaSuSad
CaiTvleba yvela is, vinc saqarTvelos jaris, gvardiis da sxva raime
dawesebulebis saidumlo cnobebs agrovebs, rom gadasces sxva saxel­
mwifos mTavrobas. es aris rTuli organizacia. (kedia: b. ramiSvili
samwuxarod aq ar aris, ecodineboda, cota?). aseTi movlena CvenSi
aRkveTili unda iyos da aseT saqmeTa gamoZiebas sWirdeba specialu­
ri codnis da gamocdili pirebi. generaluri StabTan arsebobs dam­
zveravi nawili romelmac daamtkica, rom mas didi codnaca da didi
gamocdilebaca aqvs am dargSi. iq dagrovda bevri saqmeebi. komisiis
azriT xelsayreli iqneba, rom gamoZieba aseTi saqmeebisa gadaeces am
damzverav nawils. ai am kanon-proeqtis azri imaSi mdgomareobs, rom
is gamoZieba, romelic damTavrebuli aris, maT miecemaT damTavrebu­

401
li gamoZiebis xasiaTi da romelic ar aris gamoZiebuli, maTi garCevis
ufleba mieces TviT am damzverav nawils.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis xom aravin inebebs sityvas?
sityva aravis surs. saTanado vadis Semdeg kanon-proeqti waredgine­
ba damf. krebas muxlobriv ganxilvisaTvis.
sityva ekuTvnis jafariZes.

9. moxseneba saqarTvelos senatis 1919 w.

ganmavlobaSi moqmedebis Sesaxeb.

s. jafariZe. (s.-d.) senatis debulebis meore muxlis ZaliT, senat­

ma, arCeulma damf. krebis mier, unda warmoadginos damf. krebis 1919
wlis angariSi. swored am muxlis Tanaxmad senatma warmoudgina damf.
krebas warsul wlis angariSi. (veSapeli: sad aris es angariSi?). damf.
krebaSi ar SeiZleba dawvrilebiT angariSi wavikiTxoT.
Tavmjdomare. mxolod ramdenime ekzempliari daurigda fraq­
ciebs, Tu inebebT es moxseneba gadavdoT da Semdeg ganvixilavT. mxo­
lod dabeWdisagan unda gagvanTavisufloT, vinaidan did xarjebs ga­
moiwvevs.
oniaSvili. 3 saaTs cota aklia, fraqciis saxeliT winaaRmdegi ar
viqnebi Tu es sakiTxi gadaideba.
Tavmjdomare. maS es sakiTxi gadadebulia. mogaxsenebT Semdegi
krebis wesrigs.
(mdivani kiTxulobs).
k. jafariZe kiTxulobs gancxadebas Semosuls fraqciis saxelze.
Tavmjdomare. aq ar aris asrulebuli formaluri wesi, gancxade­
ba unda Semovides prezidiumis saxelze da ara fraqciis saxelze. ar
SeuZlia fraqcias Tavisi wevri gamoricxos, an miiRos, es aris prezid­
iumis saqme. krebas vxurav. unda mogaxsenoT, rom xval 10 1/2 saaTze
unda mobrZandeT sasaxleSi dResaswaulSi monawileobis misaRebad.
kreba daixura 3 saaT.

402
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

meoce sxdoma

(20)

1920 weli. maisis 28. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. saboloo teqstebi.
2. dekreti – mTavrobis moambis „saqarTvelos respublikis“ Sta­
tisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.
3. dekreti – saqarT. dep. saagentos Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis
damtkicebisa.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris amxanagi

eqv. TayaiSvili.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivani k. jafariZe.
sxdoma iwyeba SuadRis 1 saaT.
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas gaxsnilad vacxadeb. mdivani mogaxsenebT
komisiebSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtis nusxas da dRiur wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs):

komisiaSi gadasacemi kanon-proeqtebi:

1. Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris proeqti dekretisa janmrTelobis

departamentis daarsebis da misi Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damt­
kicebis Sesaxeb.
2. samxedro ministris proeqti mobilizaciiT gawveul jaris-kac­
Ta ojaxebis daxmarebis debulebisa.
3. Sromis ministris proeqti dekretisa muSa-mosamsaxureTaTvis
pirvel moTxovnilebis saqonlis misawodeblad mTavrobis gankar­
gulebaSi 120.000.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.

403
 4. iusticiis ministris proeqti dekretisa tfilisis sasamarTlo
palatis Statis gadidebis Sesaxeb.
5. Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris proeqti dekretisa axalcixis mazris
ori ambulatoriis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
6. gzaTa ministris proeqti dekretisa gzatkecilebis sammarTve­
losaTvis 14.812.491 man. da 65 kap. damatebiT kreditis gaxsnis Sesaxeb.
(mdivani kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs).

dRis wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti agrarul reformasTan dakavSirebul davisa

da saCivris ganxilvis wesis dekretisa.
2. saboloo teqsti kanonisa mkvidrTagan mitovebul yofil sax­
azino miwebis saxelmwifo fondSi gadasvlis Sesaxeb.
3. saboloo teqsti dekretisa sabaJo dawesebulebaTa sakancela­
rio gadasaxadis nixris gadidebis Sesaxeb.
4. saboloo teqsti dekretisa saistorio, saarqeologio, sam­
xatvro da sakulturo nivTebis saqarTvelos respublikidan gatanis
akrZalvis Sesaxeb.
5. saboloo teqsti dekretisa tfilisis sasaxlis sakanonmdeblo
dawesebulebis sabinadrod aRiarebisa.
6. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa saqarTvelos
saxelmwifo bankis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
7. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa samxedro mfri­
navTaTvis haerSi frenisaTvis gasamrjelos micemis Sesaxeb.
8. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa samxedro uwyebis
Statebis damatebisa da cvlilebis Sesaxeb.
9. dekreti mTavrobis moambis „saqarTvelos respublikis“ Stati­
sa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.
10. dekreti saqarTvelos depeSaTa saagentos Statisa da xarjT-­
aRricxvis damtkicebisa.
Tavmjdomare. dRiur wesrigis Sesaxeb prezidiumi gTxovT merve
sakiTxi boloSi iyos gadatanili, vinaidan is daxurul karebSi iqne­
ba ganxiluli. Semdeg aris social-demokratiuli fraqciis wina­
dadeba, rom meeqvse sakiTxi moxsnil iqnas, radgan igi am sakiTxs ar
gascnobia.
am wesrigs amtkicebT Tu ara? vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi
aravin aris, maSasadame dRis wesrigi damtkicebulia.
exla mogxsendebaT depeSa somxeTidan.
mdivani. (kiTxulobs depeSas) „26 maisis“ dResasawaulis gamo,
somxeTis parlamentis saxeliT uRrmesad gulwrfeli sixaruliT
vulocav qarTvel demokratias saqarTvelos damoukideblobis ga­
mocxadebis ori wlis Tavis did dResaswauls. Rrmad darwmunebuli

404
var, rom momavalSiac orive Zmuri xalxi mtkiced daicavT maT mier
mopovebul Tavisuflebasa da damoukideblobas“.
(damfuZnebeli kreba am molocvas ovaciebiT xvdeba).
Tavmjdomare. neba gviboZeT Tqveni saxeliT samadlobeli depe­
Sa gavgzavnoT – dRes somxeTis damoukideblobis gamocxadebis dRe
aris da neba gviboZeT Tqveni saxeliT gaugzavnoT misaloci depeSa
(xmebi adgilidan: gaugzavneT!).
pirvel sakiTxis Sesaxeb sityva ekuTvnis damfuZnebeli krebis
wevrs baton i. gomarTels.
i. gomarTeli. (kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigSi moTavsebul 1, 2, 3, 4,
da 5 sakanonmdeblo aqtebis saboloo teqstebs).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi Sesworebisa? aravin. miRebu­
lia. Semdegi sakiTxis Sesaxeb sityva ekuTvnis b. mdivans. (xmebi adgi­
lidan: ar aris). cnobad unda mogaxsenoT, rom b. sim. mdivani prezid­
iumma gagzavna warmomadgenlad somxebTan. Semdegi sakiTxi aris
(kiT­xulobs).
sityva ekuTvnis damfuZnebeli krebis wevrs b. d. oniaSvils.

1. dekreti – mTavrobis moambis „saqarTvelos

respublikis“ Statis da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.

d. oniaSvili. (s.-d.) Tqven mogexsenebaT, batonebo, rom arsebobs

gazeTi saqarTvelos respublikis oficialuri moambe „saqarTvelos
respublika“. dRevandels pirobebSi gazeTis gamocemas didi fuli da
xarjebi sWirdeba. dRes yoveli gazeTis da gansakuTrebiT am gazeTis
gamocemis saqme Tavdeba deficitiT. maSin, rodesac yvela gazeTebis
fasi dRiTi dRe matulobs, „saqarTvelos respublika“ am bolo drom­
dis Rirda maneT naxevari. sxva gazeTebSi xSirad ibeWdeba kerZo
gancxadebani, xolo am gazeTSi aseTi gancxadebani ar midis. aq ibeWd­
eba mxolod mTavrobisa da oficialuri dawesebulebebis gancxadeba­
ni. garda amisa gazeTs iweren mxolod oficialuri dawesebulebebi
da kerZo pirebi Zalian naklebad yiduloben mas. yvela es mizezebi
iseT pirobebs hqmnian, rom gazeTis gamocema Zalian mZime porobebSi
xdeba. magram zogierTi pirobebi dReidan mainc Scvlil iqneba da ime­
dia, rom momavalSi gazeTis mdgomareoba, rogorc gamocemis mxriT,
ise nivTierad gaumjobesdeba. SeiZleba es deficiti ar daifaros
srulad, magram sagrnoblad mainc Semcirdeba.
ai am gazeTisTvis Sinagan-saqmeTa saministro Txoulobs xarjis
gaRebas. es Tanxa saWiroa rogorc redaqciis Statis Sesanaxad, agre­
dve sameurneo xarjebis dasafaravad. Statebi Sedgenili aris ise,
rogorc sxva dawesebulebebSi. dekreti ganxilulia mTavrobis mier,
Tan axlavs dadebiTi daskvna finansTa uwyebisa da saxelmwifo kon­
trolisa. miRebulia agredve sabiujeto komisiis mier. aq aris ram­

405
denime Tanamdebobis piri, rogorc magaliTad: koreqtorebi, depeSis
damtarebeli, romelnic StatSi ar Sedian da iReben sasyidels Tanax­
mad satarifo palatis dadgenilebisa.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis damfuZnebeli krebis wevrs b. leo
Sengelaias.
l. Sengelaia (s.-r.) batonebo! CvenSi aris gazeTi, romelsac ar­
avin kiTxulobs da romelSiac araferi iwereba. es aris mTavrobis
moambe „saqarTvelos respublika“. Tavisufal qveyanaSi, ra Tqma unda,
yovel moqalaqes, yovel mimarTulebas aqvs ufleba, ramdenic unda im­
deni gazeTi gamosces, razedac unda weros. magram, rodesac gazeTi
gamodis xalxis xarjze, rasakvirvelia, Cven gvaqvs ufleba, es aris
Cveni movaleoba, gazeTs warudginoT moTxovnilebis erTgvari mini­
mumi. gazeTi, Tu mas esmis Tavisi movaleoba da daniSnuleba da am mov­
aleobas pirnaTlad asrulebs, yovelTvis xalxTan unda iyos, unda em­
saxurebodes xalxis interesebs, mis gonebriv amaRlebas, politikur
gaTviTcnobierebas.
Tu es iTqmis yovel progresiul da seriozul gazeTze, es gansa­
kuTrebiT unda iTqvas demokratiul mTavrobis organoze. es orga­
no unda arkvevdes mTavrobis politikas, unda aSuqebdes mTavrobis
TvalsazrisiT sxva da sxva politikur movlenebs. yovlad dauSvebe­
lia, rom demokratiul saxelmwifoSi farTo masam, demokratiam ar
icodes, Tu ras akeTebs mTavroba, ra xdeba masSi an mis gared. mTavro­
bis organo valdebulia yovelTvis kursSi iyolios massa, miawodos
mas utyuari cnobebi da ara kvebavdes quCaSi moaruli WorebiT. unda
mogaxsenoT, rom Tu am TvalsazrisiT mivudgebiT mTavrobis moambes,
is yovelive kritikis dabla sdgas. mas gazeTi hqvian, magram gazeTisa
ki araferi acxia.
es gazeTi aris yovel dRiuri da rogorc momxsenebelma mogax­
senaT, yoveldRiuri gazeTis gamocema arc ise advili saqmea. is jde­
ba auarebeli fuli, qaRaldi Zviria da arc ki moipoveba bazarze da
Tu amave dros miumatebT, rom xelfasic didia, darwmundebiT, rom
yoveldRiuri gazeTisaTvis saWiro aris didi Tanxa, Tu gnebavT
yoveldRiuri gazeTi dRes fufunebaa!
aseT pirobebSi, rasakvirvelia, Cven valdebulni varT ufro
frTxili da sastiki viyoT, rodesac xalxis fulebi ixarjeba, rode­
sac xalxis fulebiT gamodis gazeTi.
unda mogaxsenoT, rom es gazeTi aris „xlami“ da ara gazeTi! avi­
RoT Tundac iseTi sakiTxi, rogoric aris informaciis sakiTxi. me
mgonia, udavo aris, rom mTavrobis moambe valdebulia farTo infor­
macia miawodos sazogadoebas, xalxs. mTavrobis organos unda hyavdes
sakuTari korespondentebi da sxva da sxva provinciebSi sazRvar-ga­
reTac, romlebic unda awvdidnen rogorc mTavrobas, ise mTavrobis
moambes farTo cnobebs adgilobrivi cxovrebis Sesaxeb.

406
 am mxriv rom gadavavloT Tvali mTavrobis moambis nomrebs, davi­
naxavT, rom amis msgavsi iq araferi ar aris. mas araviTari informacia
ara aqvs.
is ambebi, romelic xdeba mTavrobaSi, axali ambebi, jer Tavs amoy­
ofen gazeT „erToba“-Si an „borba“-Si da Semdeg SeiZleba daibeWdos
mTavrobis moambeSi, „saqarTvelos respublika“-Si. elementaruli
moTxovnileba aris, batonebo, rom gazeTs unda hyavdes xelmZRvane­
li, mas unda hyavdes redaqtori, mTavrobis moambes ki redaqtori ar
hyavs. iyo dro, ori Tvis ganmavlobaSi mas hyavda redaqtori. maSin
ibeWdeboda werilebi, meTaurebi, magram ori Tvis Semdeg redaqtorma
Tavi daaneba. es meore weliwadia gazeTi gamodis uredaqtorod.
garda amisa, rogorc mogexsenebaT, mTavrobis gazeTis dan­
iSnuleba aris, rom is unda arkvevdes mTavrobis politikas. Cven
unda gvqondes saSualeba, rom gavecnoT imas, Tu ras fiqrobs, ro­
gori aris mTavrobis azri da Sexeduleba ama Tu im sakiTxis Ses­
axeb. ase esmiT yovelgan oficialuri organos daniSnuleba. da
unda mogaxsenoT, srul araraobas warmoadgens am mxriv es gazeTi.
meTaurebi ar aris, araviTari werilebi ar ibeWdeba. am mxriT azer­
beijanis Zveli mTavrobis gazeTi „azerbeijani“ gacilebiT maRla
idga, vidre Tqveni moambe.
me ar uarvyof, rom saerTod Znelia abdul-gamidebis politikis
gamocnoba, magram yovel SemTxvevaSi Cven gvqonda saSualeba gagvego,
ras fiqrobda oficialuri azerbaijani Tundac baTomis sakiTxis
Sesaxeb. „azerbaijani“ swerda imas, rasac fiqrobdnen da akeTebd­
nen azerbaijanis xelmZRvaneli wreebi baTomis sakiTxSi. mTavrobis
moambes davalebuli hqonda kanonebis gamoqveyneba. is aqveynebda kidec
kanonebs da asrulebda am davalebas da amitom SesaZlebelia bevrs
egonos, rom es sakmarisi sabuTi aris, rom es gazeTi yovel dRiuraT
gamodiodes. Tu gazeTi gvinda imisTvis, rom kanonebi gamovaqveynoT,
amisTvis saWiro ar aris, rom is yovel dRe gamodiodes, sakmarisia
gamodiodes Tundac kviraSi erTxel. Semdeg arsebobs sakodifika­
cio ganyofileba, romelic aqveynebs kanonebs. kanonis gamoqveynebas
mniSvneloba eqneba maSin, rodesac kanoni Sedis ZalaSi dRidan gamo­
qveynebisa. CvenSi formalurad kanoni ZalaSi Sedis dRidan miRebisa
damfuZnebel krebis mier. (veSapeli: faqtiurad rodis?). roca esa Tu
is social-demokrati ministri moisurvebs! yvelafers rom Tavi dava­
neboT, mTavrobis moambe, rogorc organo, romelic xalxis xarjze ga­
modis, valdebulia moaTavsos Cveni sxdomebis angariSebi, ramdenadac
SesaZlebelia miudgomlad. magram, warmoidgineT, am movaleobas is ar
asrulebs da Tu asrulebs, ise rom yovlad SeuZlebelia: zogierTi
oratorebis sityvebi sul ar moyavT, zogierTis damaxinjebiT, xolo
zogierTi deputatebis sityvebi ibeWdeba mTel svetebaT da fele­
tonebad. rom es ase aris, amazed faqtebs mogaxsenebT. Tqven gasxovT,

407
rom amas winad damfuZnebel krebaSi iyo SekiTxva Tambaqos monopoli­
is Sesaxeb. am sakiTxis Sesaxeb gamovidnen sxva da sxva fraqciis war­
momadgenelni. sxvaTa Soris ilaparaka b. samson dadianmac. ilaparaka
TiTqmis erTi saaTi, magram rogor aris es gadmocemuli mTavrobis
moambeSi, romelic yovlad SeuZlebelia idges viwro, jgufur Tval­
sazrisze. ai rogor aris gadmocemuli am gazeTis # 27-Si, iq swer­
ia: grZeldeba kamaTi, romelSiac monawileobas iRebs sam. dadiani.
batonebo! s. dadianma erTi saaTi ilaparaka, qveyana daaqcia (sicili)
da Tqven swerT, rom kamaTSi monawileoba miiRovo. me winaaRmdegi ar
viqnebi, rom sityvebi SemoklebiT ibeWdebodes, magram erTgvari pro­
porcia mainc unda iyos daculi: vinc bevrs laparakobs – misi sityva
meti iwerebodes, vinc cotas – naklebi. es ufro samarTliani iqnebo­
da. CvenSi ki winaaRmdegi xdeba, damfuZnebel krebaSi arian iseTi dep­
utatebi, romelTac mokle laparaki ar exerxebaT, mag. Tedo Rlonts
Zalian grZeli laparaki uyvars, Tumca, am ukanasknel xans mas am saqme­
Si pirveloba b. Cxenkelma waarTva (sicili).
me mogiyvanT kidev erT faqts. tarifis gadidebis Sesaxeb idga
sakiTxi. gamovida b. Rlonti, romelmac ilaparaka erTi saaTi da ro­
gor aris es gadmocemuli? ai, 7 martis nomeri, sadac sweria es an­
gariSi mxolod sami striqoni aris dawerili. mis sapasuxod, rom
gamovidnen Tqveni fraqciis warmomadgenlebi – mTeli svetebi aris
dabeWdili. meore mxriv, roca romelime ministri gamodis, aramc Tu
erTi da ori mTeli svetebi ibeWdeba. ai, magaliTad, WavWaniZis sity­
va, rodesac igi Tambaqos monopoliis Sesaxeb laparakobda. ai, b. ra­
miSvilis sityva, rodesac Cven gvebrZoda. Cveni oratorebis sityve­
bi ki sul ar aris moyvanili, b. ramiSvilis sityvas ki mTeli gazeTi
uWiravs. ratom unda qondes aseTi privilegia b. ramiSvils? (kedia:
Sinagan-saqmeTa ministria!) Tu b. ramiSvils hgonia, rom es mTavrobis
gazeTia da amitom unda xdebodes ase, es Semcdari Sexedulebaa. es
xalxis gazeTia da ara ministrebis. amaze raime privilegiuri ufle­
bebi ar unda iyos. (veSapeli: fuls isini xarjaven!) ras emsaxureba es
gazeTi? unda mogaxsenoT, rom aris erTi saqme, romelsac emsaxure­
bais. igi erT swor cnobas awvdis mkiTxvelebs. Tu vinmes surs gaigos,
romelime social-demokrati sad muSaobs, an sad gadaiyvanes, aqedan
gaigebs. es erTad erTi damsaxureba aris am gazeTisa sazogadoebis
winaSe, Tu ki es damsaxurebad CaiTvleba. (veSapeli: Semowirule­
bani?) ra aris imis mizezi, rom es gazeTi ase dakninebulia? mizezi
Semdegia: Tqven iciT, rom Cveni ministrebi TavianT karieras „erTo­
ba“-Si akeTeben. vinc ki wera kiTxva icoda, ministrad wavida. exla so­
cial-demokratebs aRar yofnis Zalebi sami gazeTis gasaZRolad da es
aris umTavresi mizezi imisa, rom es gazeTi arafrad varga, amnairad
Tqven xedavT, rom am gazeTs, redaqtori ara yavs, informacia ar aqvs,
werilebi ar ibeWdeba. amitom misi arseboba uazrobaa. Cveni fraqcia
moiTxovs, rom es gazeTi daixuros, miT ufro samarTliani iqneba es,

408
rom b. ramiSvilebi sruliad usafuZvlod xuraven sxvis gazeTebs.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis Sinagan-saqmeTa ministrs.
n. ramiSvili (Sin. saq. ministri). moqalaqeno, damfuZnebeli krebis
wevrno! es gamosvla araCveulebrivia imiT, rom Cven gvisayvedureben:
Tqven ar gsurT iqonioT organo, romelic gaavrcelebs mTavrobis az­
rebs da amave dros Cven gvisayvedureben imas, rom iq SevqmeniT ise­
Ti pirobebi, roca es moambe emsaxureba marto mTavrobis politikis
popularizacias da adasturebs mis yovel nabijs. (Sengelaia: saidan
gamoiyvaneT?). rom ase aris, amis sabuTs axlave moismenT. me pirvelad
mesmis, rom deputati, romelic opozicionur partiis warmomadgene­
lia, mTavrobas usayvedurebs, rom Tqven ar gsurT SeqmnaT sakuTari
organo. me vekiTxebi damfuZnebel krebas: ra moxdeboda im SemTxveva­
Si, rom movqceuliyavi ise, rogorc iqceoda musavatis partia ad­
erbeijanSi, – rom gazeTi „saqarTvelos moambe“ partiul organod
gadagveqcia? maSin b-n leo Sengelaia gamovidoda da ityoda: Tqven
xalxis fuls xarjavT imisTvis, rom gaavrceloT social-demokrati­
uli azrebio. rom es ase moxdeboda, amas gvimtkicebs damfuZnebeli
krebis erTi komisia.
me saxeSi maqvs sapropagando komisia. Tqven iciT am komisiis ar­
seboba, isic iciT, rom am komisiis wevrebad arian opoziciis warmo­
madgenlebic. da opoziciis partiis warmomadgenlebma, umTavresad
socialist-revoliucionerebma ganacxades, rom rodesac Cven gavem­
gzavrebiT provinciaSi, Cven aq ver davicavT im politikas, romelsac
awarmoebs damfuZnebeli kreba da misi ndobiT aRWurvili mTavro­
bao. (Sengelaia: amaxinjebT!). me siamovnebiT movismen sawinaaRmdego
gancxadebas, magram Tqven amis saSualeba ar gaqvT. es faqtia, es icis
yvelam, yovelma wevrma sapropagando komisiisam.
raSia saqme? Tu Tqven usayvedurebT damfuZnebel krebas, rom man
Seqmna organo, romelic mis politikas xalxs acnobs da icavs, da Tu am­
bobT, rom Cven gvsurs gamoviyenoT xalxis fuli im mizniT, rom parti­
uli kapitali gavaZlieroT, maSin ityodiT: Tqven SeqmeniT partiuli
gazeTi, Tqvenma fraqciam Seqmna iseTive mdgomareoba, romelic ruseT­
Si arsebobs, sadac mxolod komunisturi partiis azrebis matarebeli
gazeTebi gamodiso. maSin Tqven marTlac geqnebodaT sabuTi.
me ar vambob, rom Cven ar SegviZlian viqonioT aseTi gazeTi, mag­
ram am gziT siaruli Cven ar SegviZlia. me mogaxsenebT, rom yvelgan,
sadac ki arsebobs oficialuri gazeTi, is swored iseTi xasiaTisaa,
rogorc Cveni oficialuri organo. rom marTlac Seqmnili iyos iseTi
mdgomareoba, rom mTavroba iZulebuli iyos Tavisi azrebi daicvas
gansakuTrebuli didi gazeTis meoxebiT, maSin aseTi sayveduri, ro­
melic gavigoneT, iqneboda samarTliani, magram mTavroba fiqrobda,
rom garda am organosi, romelic arsebobs, aris kidev sxva gazeTebic,
romlebic, umetes nawilad, iZlevian informacias mTavrobis poli­
tikisas da icaven am politikas.

409
 am mxriv araviTar saWiroebas ar vgrZnobT. Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom
Cveni presa saerTod icavda Cven damoukidebulebas da am SemTxvevaSi
ar iyo didi gansxvaveba. meores mxriv ki, radgan saqme TviT mTavrobis
moqmedebas exeba, amisaTvis arsebobs es gazeTi, romelic informacias
iZleva. gansakuTrebuli gaSuqeba, dasabuTeba ki mTavrobis poli­
tikisa, dRes dReobiT ar migvaCnia saWirod da Tu damfuZnebel krebas
hgonia, rom es saWiroa, Tu Seiqna iseTi mdgomareoba, rom garda am sa­
Sualebisa ar SegveZleba movaxdinoT gavlena sazogadoebriv azrze,
maSin aucilebeli gaxdeba aseTi nabijis gadadgma mTavrobis mier.
magram dResdReobiT, Cven aseTi aucilebeli saWiroeba ar gvixilavs
da maSasadame, zedmetia xarjebis gaweva aseT politikur organos ga­
mocemaze. Tqven iciT, rom es gacilebiT zedmet xarjebs gamoiwvevs da
es ki Cven mizanSewonilad ar migvaCnia. me ki mgonia, rom mTeli gamo­
laSqreba socialist-revoliucionerebis partiis warmomadgenlisa
mxolod erT garemoebas miewereba. me maxsovs, isini swerden depeSa­
Ta saagentos Sesaxeb da dRes imaves imeoreben. Tqven SeqmeniT iseTi
mdgomareoba, rom mTavrobis wevrebis sityvebi ibeWdeba srulad da
im pirebis, romlebic maT dasacavad gamodiano. (Sengelaia: diax!) me
vambob, rom es maTi valdebulebaa. rasakvirvelia, im xalxs, romelsac
loRikis kanoni ar Seuswavlia, zepirad SeuZlian ilaparakos, magram
Tqven rom brZanebT, rom mTavroba valdebulia Seqmnas organo, rome­
lic mis politikas daicavs, me gekiTxebiT: am gazeTma unda misces Tu
ara xalxs dasabuTeba im politikisa, romelsac awarmoebs damfuZnebe­
li kreba da misi ndobiT aRWurvili mTavroba?
me vambob, rom SeuZlebelia dabeWdili iyos yvela sityvebi, gansa­
kuTrebiT imitom, rom TiTon Tqven brZanebT, rom zogierT deputats
grZeli sityvebiT uyvars laparakio.
roca aseTia mdgomareoba, swored amitom Cven valdebulni varT
gavacnoT xalxs politika mTavrobisa. upirveles yovlisa, depeSaTa
saagentom da am gazeTebma swored am politikis damaxasiaTebeli si­
tyvebi da cnobebi unda misces xalxs. da me mgonia, Tu ki dgeba swor
niadagze, aq mTavrobas dasawuni araferi aqvs.
warmoidgineT ranairi mdgomareoba Seiqmneba, rom mTavrobis war­
momadgeneli an is oratorebi, romlebic marTla mkafiod axasiaTeben
mTavrobis politikas, iyvnen Cayenebuli iseTive mdgomareobaSi, ro­
melSiac iqneba Sengelaia, romelsac SeuZlia wamoayenos braldeba, ar
moepoveba sabuTebi da amave dros Caayenos gazeTi iseTs mdgomareoba­
Si, rom mas ar eqneba saSualeba marTlac is sityvebi, romlebic upir­
veles yovlisa saWiroa xalxisaTvis am politikis gasatareblad, is
sityvebi ver dabeWdos da gamoaklos.
ai, batonebo, ranairi aris mdgomareoba da Tu marTla mTavro­
bas usayvedurebT imas, rom man ar Seqmna gazeTi, romelic daicavs mis
politikas, Tqven araviTari sabuTebi ara gaqvT Cvens mTavrobas uki­
JinoT. meore, rom man ar Seqmna gazeTSi da depeSaTa saagentoSi? is­

410
eTi aris mdgomareoba, rom upirveles yovlisa is aqveynebs im infor­
macias, romelic exeba mTavrobis politikas da aTavsebs im sityvebs,
romelic mTavrobis politikas aSuqebs. es aris movaleoba yoveli
mTavrobisa da arasodes arc erTi mTavroba sxvanair politikas ar
awarmoebs da me darwmunebuli var, Tu ki marTla Tqven mxolod es
gainteresebT da ara partiuli mizani, rasakvirvelia, Tqven am gare­
moebas savsebiT gaiziarebT da moiwonebT imas, rac arsebobs. meores
mxriv ramdenadac saWiro iyo mTavrobis politikis dacva, es xdebo­
da rogorc saagentos mxriv, agreTve am organos saSualebiT. da me
vfiqrob, rom es mdgomareoba, romelic arsebobs, SemdegSiac aseve
unda darCes.
rasakvirvelia, Tu ki Tqven miiCnevT, Tu damfuZnebeli kreba saW­
irod dainaxavs, rom didi politikuri organo gamodiodes, maSin wi­
naswar unda iyos es gadawyvetili, vinaidan es moiTxovs gacilebiT
did xarjebs. magram aris ki dRes am xarjebis aucilebeli saWiroeba?
Cven es ar migvaCnia saWirod, gansakuTrebiT dRvandels pirobebSi,
roca faqtiurad mTavrobis politika ase Tu ise naTeli aris, xalxi
mas gacnobilia, didi nawili Cveni presisa mas iziarebs. aseT garemoe­
baSi rom Segveqmna Cven romelime axali organo, gansakuTrebiT mas
Semdeg, rac arsebobs sapropagando komisia damfuZnebeli krebisa,
Cven es saWirod ar migvaCnia.
me mxolod erT rames visurveb, rom mTavrobis politika iyos ga­
Suqebuli, rom sapropagando komisiis moRvaweoba yofiliyos gafar­
Toebuli.
dasasrul im mdgomareobaSi, romelSiac Cven varT, es gazeTi, ro­
goric aris, romelic gvawvdis cnobebs Cveni mTavrobis moqmedebis
Sesaxeb da gansakuTrebiT adgilobriv TviTmmarvelobaTa Sesaxeb,
aseTi gazeTis gamocema aucilebelia, me darwmunebuli var, rom dam­
fuZnebeli kreba amas daadasturebs.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b-on Tevzaias.
v. Tevzaia. (s.-d.) batonebo, damfuZnebel krebis wevrma b. leo
Sengelaiam warmodgenil kanon-proeqtis winaaRmdeg ieriSi miitana.
mxolod erTi eSmakoba Caidina. imis magivrad, rom Tavidanve eTqva
is, rac mas ainteresebda, rom Cveni sityvebi ar ibeWdeba im gazeTSi
vrclado da moeTxova damfuZnebel krebisagan specialuri dadge­
nileba, rom misi sityvebi dabeWdon vrclad, amis magivrad man dai­
wyo kvleva Zieba da sabuTis Zebna imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogori unda iyos
gazeTi da saerTod daayena sakiTxi. imdenad gaTamamda damfuZnebeli
krebis wevri Sengelaia, rom man ukidures opoziciis warmomadgenel­
ma Cvens respublikaSi, magaliTebi azerbaijanis Zveli mTavrobis moq­
medebidan moiyvana. saerTod rodesac b. Sengelaia gamodis romelime
kanon-proeqtis winaaRmdeg, mas ar exerxeba moyvana romelime magali­
Tisa mowinave qveynebidan. mas exerxeba moyvana im magaliTebisa, rome­
lic CamorCenil qveynebSi xdeba, magram aqac umtyuna mas azerbeijanis

411
misma Zvelma sayvarelma mTavrobam. Cven uTxariT b. Sengelaias, rom
man SecdomiT wamoisrola sityvebi. magram is gulmosuli iyo: ratom
misi sityvebi mTavrobis moambeSi ar ibeWdeba. Cven uTxariT mas, rom
baqoSi gamodioda azerbaijanis moambe rusulad da TaTrulad da is
iyo azerbaijanis mTavrobis yovel dRiuri gazeTi. rac Seexeba meore
gazeTs, is iyo oficiozi. es icoda mTelma azerbaijanma. me mgonia es
icoda damfuZnebel krebis wevrma b. Sengelaiam, romelic iCens did,
sityviT mainc codnas imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra xdeba mezobel qveynebSi. mo­
qalaqe Sengelaia Seexo iseTs sakiTxs, romelsac Tu mas marTalia aqvs
movaleobis Segneba, ar unda Sexeboda. Sengelaiam ilaparaka saerTod,
Tu ra diplomatia gvyavs, rogor mdgomareobaSi aris da sxva. magram
unda mogaxsenoT, rom amis msajuli xalxi aris. msajuli iqneba mTe­
li eri. miuxedavad b. Sengelaias susti gamosvlebisa, Cveni sagareo
politika usaTuod karg xelSi aris da Tu b. Sengelaias erTi dRiT,
erTi saaTiT Cauvarda xelSi, imas daemarTeba kidev ufro uaresi, rac
daemarTa mis sayvarel azerbaijanis musavatis mTavrobas. (Sengelaia:
me musavati ara var?). b. Sengelaia ambobs, rom is ar aris musavati, ma­
gram, rogorc Tavkopalam ar icis Tu rogor gamova misgan bayayi, ise
b. Sengelaia ver SeamCnevs, rom misgan kargi musavatisti gamova. diax,
aq sakiTxi iyo dasmuli mTavrobis oficialur organos Sesaxeb. aseTi
organo arsebobs, rogorc mogaxseneT azerbaijanSi „vestnik azerbai­
jani“, arsebobs safrangeTSi: „Jurnal d, a oficial“, arsebobs. arse­
bobda ruseTSiac. iq ibeWdeba saerTod oficialuri cnobebi, romel­
ic saWiro aris sazogado dawesebulebaTaTvis. aseTia Cveni organoc.
es aris oficialuri organo da iq SeuZlebelia daibeWdos sxva xasi­
aTis werilebi, vinaidan maSin is moiTxovs auarebels Tanxas, fuls.
moiTxovs 20-40 milion maneTs, amaT ki TviT gazeTi ar Rirs. kaci, ro­
melic aq gamodis, ekonomiaze laparakobs da ekonomikur politikas
icavs, exla moiTxovs, rom beWdon auarebeli sityvebi da daixarjos
amaze auarebeli fulio. aq b. leo Sengelaia – me vlaparakob aSkarad,
ver grZnobs Tavisi sityvebis pasuxismgeblobas. mas gonia, rom is aris
udidesi mcodne saxelmwifoebrivi saqmeebisa. magram is advilad wam­
oisvris iseT sityvebs, romlebic amcirebs mas rogorc damfuZnebeli
krebis wevrs. is ambobs magaliTad, rom social-demokratiul partiis
yoveli wera-kiTxvis mcodne yvela ministri gaxdao. diax, es sTqva man,
rom yvela wera-kiTxvis mcodne ministri gaxdao. me gadaWriT vacxa­
deb, rom social-demokratiul fraqciaSi ar aris arc erTi deputa­
ti, romelic iyos ufro naklebi mcodne romelime sakiTxisa, vidre
b. Sengelaia. mas gonia, rom is aris didi mcodne, didad gamocdili
sazogado moRvawe, magram „saqarTvelos respublika“ ver afasebs mas,
es aris arsebiTad. amis Semdeg Cven SegviZlian mxolod erTi daskvna
gamovitanoT. Tu Tqven gindaT dabeWdoT vrclad is didi sityvebi,
romlebic aq warmoiTqmeba, es sxva kiTxva aris. magram me vambob, es
SeuZlebeli aris. Cven vambobT, rom SeuZlebelia dRevandel pirobeb­

412
Si daibeWdos yvela is sityvebi, romlebic aq iqneba warmoTqmuli. Cven
gvgonia, rom es gazeTi aucileblad unda iyos umTavresad cnobebis
gazeTi da am oficialur cnobebs unda aqveynebdes is. (veSapeli: Tqven
kiTxulobT mag gazeTs?) me mag gazeTs usaTuod vkiTxulob, yovel dRe
vkiTxulob, „klde“-sac vkiTxulob da „Sroma“-sac. me gazeTebs yov­
elTvis vkiTxulob. vambob, rom am gazeTSi unda ibeWdebodes cnobebi
da arc erT did politikur sakiTxs, romelic sasworze daiwevs, an
erTi, an meore mimarTulebis mxriv, Cemis azriT aseT werils aseT or­
ganoSi, dRevandel pirobebSi, adgili ar unda qondes.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis damfuZnebeli krebis wevrs b. leo
Sengelaias.
l. Sengelaia (s.-r.) batonebo! me ar megona, rom noe ramiSvili iseT
meTodebs mimarTavda, romelTac demagogiuri hqvian, ar megona imitom,
rom is ubralo moRvawe, propagandisti ki ar aris, aramed is ministri
aris. magram me movtyuvdi Cems molodinSi. masze savsebiT marTldeba
Tqmuleba: `ar gaTeTrdebis yorani, rac unda xexo qviSiTa~. me megona,
rom b. ramiSvili arsebiTad Seexeboda im sakiTxs, romelic me wamo­
vayene da Seecdeboda moeyvana sawinaaRmdego faqtebi. me mogaxseneT,
rom verc informaciis da verc werilebis mxriv es gazeTi veraviTar
moTxovnilebas ver akmayofilebs. b. ramiSvilma cariel sityvebiT ga­
nacxada: gazeTi kargiao. araviTari sabuTi mas ar mouyvania.
Tu Tqven aiRebT gazeTis nomrebs, dainaxavT, rom araviTari in­
formacia iq ar aris. iq araviTari cnobebi ar aris da Tu aris, isic
dagvianebuli, sxva gazeTebidan gadmobeWdili, maSin, rodesac ambavs
yovelgvari fasi daekarga, rodesac yovelma mkiTxvelma gaigo misi
Sinaarsi, am mxriv Cemi debuleba darRveuli ar aris.
me mogaxseneT agredve redaqtoris Sesaxeb. me gekiTxebiT: hyavs Tu
ara mTavrobis moambes redaqtori? ara! erT dros hyavda redaqtori.
is wavida.Semdeg dauniSnes redaqtori, romelic iseTi momzadebu­
li gamodga, rom sxva axalgazrdebTan erTad saswavleblad sazR­
var-gared gaigzavna. exla redaqtori mTavrobis gazeTs aRara hyavs.
warmosadgenia Tu ara Tundac oficialuri cnobebis gamoqveyneba
mivandoT iseT organos, romelsac xelmZRvaneli ara hyavs? SeiZleba
Tu ara es? gvibrZanos b. ministrma: hqonda Tu ara aseT faqts adgi­
li, rom gazeTSi gamoqveynda iseTi cnobebi, romelnic ar unda gamo­
qveynebuliyo? me vamtkiceb, rom aseT movlenas hqonda adgili. maSa­
sadame, cxadia, rom gazeTs patroni ara hyavs. da rodesac b. ministri
laparakobs, rom yvelaferi rigzed ariso, es aris mxolod siyalbe da
carieli sityvebi.
saerTod b. ministrebs axirebuli zne sCveviaT: isini yovelTvis,
rodesac ki aq gamodian, Cven gvekamaTebian partiul niadagze. isini
aqeT gvedavebian Cven, rac Seuwynareblad mimaCnia. miuxedavad imisa,
rom isini ministrebi arian, mainc moxeleebi arian, Tundac umaRlesi
rangisa, damokidebulni Cvengan. maTi sityvidan ki gamodis, TiTqos

413
Cven varT damokidebulni maTgan. Tqven aRmasrulebeli uflebis war­
momadgenelni xarT da amitom valdebulni xarT angariSi mogvceT ra
xdeba da ra gaakeTeT. rac Seexeba partiul kamaTs, amisaTvis aq aris
sxva xalxi – fraqcia. Cveni ministrebi umalve partiul niadagze ga­
daitanen kamaTs, radgan ar aris pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba. swored es
axasiaTebs Cvens ministrebs da es gamosWvivis am gamosvlaSiac. erTi
ram naTeli aris CvenTvis, es is, rom araviTar gansxvavebas ar xedav­
en partiasa da saxelmwifos Soris. b. ramiSvilma brZana, ra saWiroa
mTavrobis politikis garkveva, rodesac es politika ukve garkveulia
Cvens partiul gazeTebSio.
maSasadame, man daadastura is braldeba, romelic ara erTxel aq
wamogviyenebia. social-demokratiis moRvaweobaSi araviTari garCe­
va ar aris partiis da saxelmwifos Soris. amis Semdeg bunebrivia is,
rasac b. ministri brZanebs: raki aris partiis organo da es organo
arkvevs mTavrobis politikas, zedmetia maSin calke mTavrobis poli­
tikis gamorkvevao.
aq marTldeba savsebiT „axali sxivis“ pozicia. da mikvirs, aseT
sakiTxis dros isini rad sduman, rad ar gamodian da ar ityvian imas,
rasac sweren TavianT organoSi?!
mogaxsenebT, rom Tu kargad CaukvirdebiT, araviTari arsebiTi
gansxvaveba ar arsebobs bolSevikur ruseTsa da saqarTvelos So­
ris. SeiZleba es paradoqsad eCvenos visme, magram iqac da aqac erTi
da igive diqtatoruli suli aris. iq aris „Совѣтская власть“, aq aris
„Комитетская власть“. aqac da iqac aris erTi fsiqologiuri niadagi,
es aris fsiqologiuri diqtatura! aq sakiTxi ase idga: rogor swar­
moebs gazeTis gamocemis saqme, sasurveli aris Tu ara milionebi daix­
arjos am gzaze? im pirobebSi, ra pirobebSiac es gazeTi gamodis da
im SinaarsiT, yovlad uazro iqneba misi gamocema. es iqneba msubuqad
mopyroba xalxis fulisadmi. am gamocemas araviTari perspeqtiva, ar­
aviTari mizani ara aqvs da umiznod ki ar SeiZleba xalxis fulis xar­
jva. Tu ministrs aqvs Tavisi sakmao Tanxa, dee xarjos, magram es aris
organo, romelic xalxis fuliT gamodis, romelzedac xalxis fuli
ixarjeba da Cven movaleni varT vTqvaT, Tu ki gazeTs araviTari in­
formacia ara aqvs, redaqtori ara hyavs, maSin ra mizani aqvs mis ga­
mocemas? araviTari!
me mesmis aseTi pozicia, rom eTqvaT: marTlac cudi pirobebi iyo,
magram Semdeg es aRar iqneba da es gazeTs daemsgavsebao. es gasagebi
iqneboda, magram, rodesac ministri brZanebs, yvelaferi rigzed ari­
so, es aris sruliad carieli sityva! b. ministrma mxolod erT Cems
debulebas miaqcia yuradReba, me vambobdi, rom mTavrobis moambeSi ar
iwereba saxelmZRvanelo werilebi meTqi. jer erTi, me amas garda mov­
iyvane mTeli rigi mosazrebani. magram Tundac ase iyos, gana misaRebia
is mosazreba, romelic b. ministrma moiyvana, rom mTavrobis politi­
ka garkveulia da Turme es politika irkveva b. ministris sityvebSi

414
da amitom b. ministris sityva unda daibeWdos vrclad. es mowmobs
imas, rom b. ministri Tavis Tavs ayenebs privilegiur mdgomareobaSi.
me gekiTxebiT Tqven: romeli kanonis, an ra damsaxurebis gamo unda ibe­
Wdebodes b. ministris sityva mTel svetebad da feletonebad da sxva
fraqciaTa warmomadgenlobis sityvebi ki sruliad ar ibeWdebodes?
aq b. Tevzaiam brZana, Sengelaia gulmosulia da imitom laparakob­
so. samwuxarod ase mepyrobian ara marto me, aramed yvelas, opoziciur
fraqciebis warmomadgenlebs, romelnic aq gamodian da qebaTa-qebas ar
asxamen mmarTveli partiis politikas, es unda avRniSno rogorc ara
sasurveli da maxinji movlena Cvens parlamentarul cxovrebaSi. me
ver warmomidgenia socialisturi mTavroba, socialisturi damfuZne­
beli kreba, sadac adgili hqondes aseT privilegiebs. Cven varT xalxis
warmomadgenelni da rogor SeiZleba, rom xalxis erT warmomadgenels
hqondes erTi ufleba da meores naklebi. es aris uzurpacia, tlanqi
darRveva xalxis warmomadgenlis yovel-gvari uflebisa. Cveni mTav­
roba partiulia, magram nu Tu es niSnavs imas, rom yoveli sakiTxi par­
tias da mTavrobas erTnairad esmis?! es amtkicebs mxolod imas, rom
Cven primitiul mdgomareobaSi vimyofebiT, ver gagvirCevia ra aris
partia da ra aris saxelmwifo. b. ministrma ganacxada, yovlad SeuZle­
belia erTnair pirobebSi ibeWdebodes yvela oratorebis sityvebio,
rom Sengelaias sityva iseve daibeWdos, rogorc mTavrobis wevris si­
tyvao. es iseTi SemTxveva aris, romelsac precendenti ara aqvs namdvi­
li demokratiis praqtikaSi. Cven varT xalxis warmomadgenlebi, depu­
tatebi da ver warmogvidgenia demokrati ministri, romelic ityvis,
rom Cemi sityva unda daibeWdos imitom, rom is ufro emsaxureba xalx­
is interesebso. batonebo! visi sityva aris ufro axlo xalxTan da visi
Sors, visi sityva ufro icavs xalxis interesebs, es sadavo sakiTxia.
dee es xalxma gamoarkvios. amis ufleba Tqven, da miT umetes ministrs
ara gaqvT!.. b. Tevzaiam misayvedura, raRa azerbaijanis respublik­
idan mogyavT yovelTvis faqtebio! es marTali ar gaxlavT, vinaidan
Tqven iciT, rom sxva magaliTebic momiyvania, magram Tu azerbaijanis
magaliTebi momyavda, amaSi aris mTeli tragizmi social demokrati­
isa. Cveni mTavroba imdenad daeca politikurad da yovel mxriv, rom
zogierT sakiTxSi mas azerbaijanis Zveli mTavroba sjobda. magaliT­
ad iyo warmodgenili iq amnistiis proeqti, romelic exeboda yovel
politikur damnaSaveT. Tqven ki wamoayeneT iseTi amnistia, romelmac
gaanTavisufla mxolod yaCaRebi!.. rac Seexeba b. Tevzaias sityvas, rom
TiTqos musavati Cveni sayvareli iyos – es albaT ubralo Labsus lingve
unda iyos. yvelam icis, rom Cveni partia yovelTvis sastikad ebrZoda
musavatis partias. da Tu qonda vismes masTan kavSiri, es iyo qarTvel
„musavatelebis“ partia – menSevikebisa. (sicili). es yvelam icis.
amnairad, batonebo, me vimeoreb, saRi mosazreba, romelic gvimt­
kicebdes Cven am gazeTis gamocemis saWiroebas da masze milionebis xar­
jvas, ar aris. amitom, Cveni fraqcia imeorebs, rom igi unda daixuros!...

415
 Tavmjdomare. kamaTi dasrulebuli gaxlavT. sityva ekuTvnis mom­
xsenebels.
d. oniaSvili. (momsxenebeli). am sakiTxis Sesaxeb bevri iTqva da
amitom me uars vacxadeb ukanasknel sityvaze.
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom gadavideT muxlobriv
ganxilvze? winaaRmdegi arian eserebi. umravlesoba momxrea. gTxovT
waikiTxoT.
d. oniaSvili. (kiTxulobs 1, 2, 3 da 4 muxls). kreba yvela muxlebs
ucvlelad iRebs.
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxi gaxlavT: (kiTxulobs) „dekreti
saqarTvelos depeSaTa saagentos Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis dam­
tkicebisa“.
sityva ekuTvnis momxsenebels daviT oniaSvils.

2. dekreti saqarTvelos depeSaTa saagentos Statisa

da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

d. oniaSvili (momxsenebeli). mogexsenebaT, batonebo, rom saqar­

TveloSi arsebobs dawesebuleba, romelsac hqvian saxelad depeSa­
Ta saagento. am saagentos mizania Sekribos sxva da sxva oficialu­
ri cnobebi, rogorc respublikis sazRvrebSi, ise sazRvar-gared da
miawodos es cnobebi adgilobriv presas. is xarjT-aRricxva, romelic
aqamde arsebobda, aRar akmayofilebs saagentos, radgan pirobebi am
dawesebulebis muSaobisa sagrZnoblad Seicvala. magaliTad saWiroa,
rom am dawesebulebaSi mowveul iqmnen specialistebi da es did xar­
jebs iwvevs. garda amisa, ricxvi momuSaveTa gadidebulia. saWiro
masalebi, magaliTad qaRaldi da sxva sagrZnoblad gaZvirda. amitom
yovelive es qmnis im pirobebs, rom saWiro aris axali xarjT-aRricx­
vis Sedgena da axal Statis miReba. amasTanave, unda mogaxsenoT cno­
bisaTvis, rom am dawesebulebas marto xarjebi ar aqvs, mas aqvs Tavisi
Semosavalic: 4 qarTuli gazeTidan Semodis 14 aTasi maneTi; 5 rusuli
gazeTidan – 20 aTasi man., 1 somxur gazeTidan – 5 aTasi man., 6 klu­
bidan – 6 aTasi man., 8 bankidan – 16 aTasi man., 30 sazogado da kerZo
dawesebulebidan 45 aTasi man., 3 provinciidan – 9 aTasi man. sul Tve­
Si 115 aTasi maneTi. maSasadame am dawesebulebas gasavalTan erTad
Semosavalic hqonia da es Semosavali iricxeba xazinaSi, radgan igi
saxazino dawesebuleba aris. jer-jerobiT es dawesebuleba moiTxovs
saWiro Tanxis gaRebas 1 martidan 1 ivnisamde. es dekreti ganxilulia
da miRebulia mTavrobis mier.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. i. nucubiZes.
i. nucubiZe (soc.-rev.) batonebo! rac iTqva mTavrobis moambis Ses­
axeb Cveni fraqciis mier, igive unda iTqvas saagentos Sesaxeb. rogorc
mTavrobis moambe, ise saagento aris oficialuri organo mTavrobisa

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da rogorc aseTi, igi unda emsaxurebodes saxelmwifos interesebs,
aseTia daniSnuleba im oficialur organosi, romelic Seqmnilia
oficialur saxelwodebiT da romelzedac ixarjeba xalxis fule­
bi, magram Cvenda samwuxarod, es ase ar xdeba. es oficialuri orga­
no emsaxureba viwro partiul interesebs da ara saxelmwifos. garda
imisa, rom es organo araviTar informacias ar awvdis sazogadoebas,
da Tu awvdis, awvdis yalb informacias, es organo emsaxureba viwro
partiul interesebs. Tqven mogexsenebaT saerTod mniSvneloba in­
formaciisa. informacia amuSavebs sazogadoebriv azrs, is erTnair
reaqcias iwvevs masSi da cxadia, rom yalbi informacia yalb reaqcias
gamoiwvevs da es, ueWvelia, mogvcems arasasurvel Sedegebs. gansa­
kuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvs im informacias, romelsac awvdis ofi­
cialuri organo, radgan imas xalxi gansakuTrebuli ndobiT epyro­
ba. da radgan xalxi utyuar WeSmaritebad iRebs imas, rasac awvdis es
organo, igi unda cdilobdes, rom swori cnobebi miawodos, magram es
ase ar aris. rom es organo ara sdgas Tavis daniSnulebis simaRleze,
amas amtkicebs da naTelyofs is garemoeba, rom igi calmxrivad awvdis
cnobebs sazogadoebas damfuZnebel krebis muSaobis Sesaxeb. mTavro­
bis warmomadgenlebs – social-demokratebs, hgoniaT, rom opozicia
ar aris saxelmwifoebriv organizmis nawili, igi aris raRac gari­
yuli, romelsac araferi ar moeTxoveba da amitom misi Sexeduleba
xalxs ar ainteresebs. aqedan gamodis oficialuri organo da amitom
awvdis xalxs calmxriv cnobebs Cveni muSaobis Sesaxeb. rasakvirvelia,
amaze zedmetia laparaki, rom Cven xalxis warmomadgenlebi varT da
imgvarive wesiT arCeulni, rogorc umravlesoba, Cvenc iseTive ufle­
ba da valdebuleba gvaqvs da amitom Cven SegviZlian moviTxovoT, rom
Cveni xmac miswvdes xalxs. Cven aseT moTxovnilebas ar udgenT kerZo,
partiul organoebs – maT SeuZlianT savsebiT ar moiyvanon mowinaaRm­
dege partiis oratorebis azri, magram oficialur organos, romel­
sac asazrdoebs nivTierad damfuZnebeli kreba, araviTar SemTxvevaSi
amis ufleba ar aqvs. da Cveni moTxovnileba, rom Cveni sityvebic iqmnas
moTavsebuli am oficialur organoSi Tu savsebiT ara, azri mainc Cve­
ni sityvebisa, me mgonia, rom es samarTliani moTxovnileba aris.
rogoria is brZolis meTodi, romliTac gvebrZvis Cven saagen­
to? igi an ar moaTavsebs sruliad opoziciis oratorebis sityvebs
da an moaTavsebs oriode sityvas ise, rom kaci verafers gaigebs. da
Tu maincdamainc moaTavsa, im borot-ganzraxviT, rom daamaxinjos. ai,
am meTodiT gvebrZvis umravlesobis partia da amave dros gaiZaxian,
rom demokratiuli wyobileba gvaqvs da sityvis Tavisufleba ari­
so. (l. Sengelaia: sircxvilia!). roca es umaRlesi saxelmwifos tri­
buna ase Seborkilia, gana SegviZlian vTqvaT, rom aris Tavisufleba
azrovnebisa? Cven deputatebi, xalxis warmomadgenlebi varT da ara
gaqvT zneobrivi ufleba, rom Cveni sityvebi ar iqmnas moTavsebuli
ise, rogorc aTavsebT Tqven sityvebs.

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 me magondeba saxelmwifo saTaTbiro. iq gacilebiT ukeTesi md­
gomareoba iyo opoziciis warmomadgenlebisa, vidre aq, Cvens dam­
fuZnebel krebaSi. (Sengelaia: samarcxvinoa!). da ra iqneboda, rom iq
opoziciis sityvebi ar miewodebinaT xalxisaTvis? egre rom ar yo­
filiyo, gana gvecodineboda ras ambobden CxeiZe da wereTeli? gana
gacilebiT ufro keTilSobili ar iyo ruseTis liberaluri presa,
romelic metis yuradRebiT epyroboda opoziciis oratorebs, vidre
Tqven gvepyrobiT Cven.
Cven gvelaparakebian, rom demokratiuli wyobileba aris, mTavro­
ba demokratiis interesebis gamomxatveliao. magram, samwuxarod, es
ase ar aris. samwuxarod CvenSi aris gamefebuli oligarxia da sxva­
Ta Soris ai is sagani, romelzedac Cven vlaparakobT, amas savsebiT
aaSkaravebs. me ar minda virwmuno, rom am damaxinjebaSi edos brali
b. abaSels, romelic rogorc pirovneba, keTilSobili unda iyos. is
mowodebiT poeti aris, da me mgonia, rom abaSeli aq arafer SuaSia.
(replika ar ismis). me geTanxmebiT savsebiT, aq SuaSi aris b. ramiSvili,
romelic ukarnaxebs mas ise moiqces da es dRes man TiTon ganacxada.
(kedia: es ase yofila, ase aris da ase iqneba?). batonebo! xalxs gaage­
bieT Cveni azri da is iqneba Cveni msajuli. me batonebo, laparaks ar
gavagrZeleb imitom, rom savsebiT aris es sakiTxi gaSinjuli. mxolod
daskvnisaTvis me ganvacxadeb imas, rom es organo, romelic ara sdgas
Tavis daniSnulebis simaRleze, romlis sabuTebic auarebeli maqvs
aqac da bevri saxlSic, da romelic bRalavs am umaRles tribunis Tav­
isufal daniSnulebas, Cven ai am organos kredits ver gauxsniT, sanam
is ar amaRldeba Tavis daniSnulebis simaRlemde.
Tavmjdomare. ukve sami saaTi gaxlavT, batonebo. inebeT rom kreba
sakiTxis dasrulebamde gagrZeldes? sityva ekuTvnis leo Sengelaias.
leo Sengelaia. (s.-r.) moqalaqeno, damfuZnebel krebis wevrno!
sa­­qar­Tvelos depeSaTa saagentos moRvaweTa winaaRmdeg Cven, soc.-­
revoliucionerebs ara erTxel gagvicxadebia cxare protesti dam­
fuZnebel krebis tribunidan da mis gareSe presis saSualebiTac. Cveni
erTad erTi survili, romelic gvamagrebs am SemTxvevaSi iyo da aris
is, rom depeSaTa saagento dadges obieqtiur niadagze, rom is dadg­
es Tavis daniSnulebis simaRleze, raTa is fexqveS ar sTelavdes Cvens
uflebas. magram, vinaidan am mxriv mTavrobas araviTari zomebi ar mi­
uRia dRvandlamdis, vinaidan dRes mTavrobaze da depeSaTa saagentos
mesveurebze SeiZleba iTqvas krilovis sityvebiT: „А Васька слушаетъ
да ѣсть“, Cven iZulebuli varT farda avxadoT depeSaTa saagentos
marTlac danaSaur moRvaweobas. Cveni depeSaTa saagentos moRvaweo­
ba aris saukeTeso nimuSi im duxWiri politikisa, romelsac mTavroba
atarebs cxovrebaSi. social-demokratiul partiis praqtikuli Semo­
qmedeba, azrovneba ise dakninda, rom man savsebiT gadmoitana Zveli bi­
urokratiuli meTodebi cxovrebis yovel dargSi, rom es ase aris, amas
mowmobs is, rac xdeba am dawesebulebaSi. Tamamad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom

418
petrogradis depeSaTa saagentos da Cvens depeSaTa saagentos Soris
araviTari gansxvaveba ar aris. petrogradis depeSaTa saagentos axasi­
aTebs ori mTavari Tviseba, erTi mxriT usazRvro calmxrivoba da meo­
re mxriT siyalbe. is ar iyo keTilsindisieri msaxuri da amsrulebeli
Tavis movaleobisa. es iyo iseTi dawesebuleba, romelic warmoadgenda
meore sacenzuro ganyofilebas, sadac maxinjdeboda yoveli saRi azri
da iTxzeboda is, rasac moisurvebda mmarTveli biurokratia. mwuxare­
biT unda aRvniSno, rom aseve aris CvenSi. ra Tqma unda, aris gansxvaveba
Cvensa da im saagentos Soris. petrogradis saagentos saTaveSi udga­
nan Zveli biurokratebi, romelTac is Rirseba mainc qondaT, rom Tavis
Tavs biurokratebs eZaxdnen da am saxelis ar eSinodaT. magram CvenSi
depeSaTa saagentos saTaveSi arian iseTi pirebi, romelnic cnobilni
arian, rogorc sazogado moRvaweni, socialistebs uwodeben TavianT
Tavs da warmoidgineT zogierTi mweralic aris aq. saqarTvelos de­
peSaTa saagentos winaaRmdeg Cven vayenebT or konkretul braldebas.
pirveli mdgomareobs imaSi, rom depeSaTa saagento abuCad igdebs yve­
la im organizaciebs, redaqciebs da dawesebulebebs, romelsac awvdis
is cnobebs. jer erTi saagentos depeSis Targmani metad uvargisi aris,
depeSebis gadmocemas is yovelTvis agvianebs. verc erT redaqcias ver
damisaxelebT, rom Tavis droze iRebdes depeSebs. verc erT gazeTs
ver naxavT, rom is aTavsebdes dRes miRebul depeSebs xvalindel no­
merSi. da me gekiTxebiT Tqven, batonebo, es dasaSvebia saxelmwifoe­
brivi TvalsazrisiT? aSkara aris, rom Tu amnairad moepyrobiT xelis
momwerlebs, araferi SemogivaT da yovelTvis deficiti gveqneba. (noe
ramiSvili: es politika aris?).
diax, exlave politikazedac mogaxsenebT. meore braldeba gaxlavT
is, rom es saagento sistematiurad ebrZvis Cvens Tavisufals sityvas,
amaxinjebs da amasxaravebs mas, gansakuTrebiT opoziciis oratore­
bis sityvebs. aq brZanes: faqtebio. diax, me moviyvan am faqtebs, xelTa
maqvs depeSebi, magram, vidre faqtebze gadavidode, me minda Tqveni
yuradReba SevaCero Semdeg movlenaze. saagentos aseTi moqmedebis
Sesaxeb Cven ramdenjerme werili davbeWdeT gazeTSi, bolos Cveni
fraqcia iZulebuli gaxda werilobiT miemarTa damfuZnebeli krebis
prezidiumisaTvis. Cven sagangebo werili gaugzavneT prezidiums saa­
gentos aseTi moqmedebis Sesaxeb, mis winaaRmdeg protests vacxadeb­
diT. garda amisa Cveni pirveli moTxovnileba iyo, rom saagentom yve­
la oratorebis sityvebi gadasces obieqturad, miudgomlad. meore
Cveni moTxovnileba iyo aseTi: vinaidan yoveli gamosvla damfuZnebel
krebaSi, yoveli sityva aris sapasuxismgeblo, saxalxo, amitom moviTx­
ovT, rom, vidre daibeWdebodes, sityvis mokle Sinaarsi waredginos
deputats. es samarTliani moTxovnileba iyo da verc erTi Tqvengani
amis winaaRmdegi ver wava. samwuxarod, amaze dadebiTi pasuxi ver mi­
viReT, prezidiumma mosTxova ganmarteba saagentos direqtors b. ka­
landaZes. saagentos direqtorma kategoriulad uarhyo Cveni moTx­

419
ovnileba da dasZina, rom SesaZlebelia aseTi SemTxveva iyo da Semdeg
amas adgili aRar eqnebao da moiTxova Cvengan konkretiulad faqtebi
dagvesaxelebina. magram Cven zedmetad miviCnieT b. kalandaZeebTan ka­
maTi da exla pativi gvaqvs mogaxsenoT es faqtebi. me mogaxsenebT, rom
saagento sistematiurad amaxinjebs opoziciis yvela oratorebis si­
tyvas. es exeba ara marto Sengelaias, gobeCias, aramed es exeba yvelas:
soc.-federalistebs, nac.-demokratebs da sxvebs. es sistematiurad
xdeba da rom es ase aris, mogiyvanT amis magaliTebs. (gvazava adgi­
lidan: es aSkaraa!). aq aris moyvanili saagentos angariSi 23 ianvris
sxdomisa. maSin dRis wesrigSi iyo 23 Tebervlis dekretis gauqmebis
Sesaxeb warmodgenili dekreti. am dekretis Sesaxeb gamovidnen or­
atorebi, sxvaTa Soris Cveni amxanagi deputati nucubiZe. aq Sedare­
biT vrclad aris moyvanili misi sityva, magram angariSi Sedgenilia
tendenciurad. ai amaSi mdgomareobs es tendencia: 23 ianvris sxdomis
angariSSi saagentos aqvs aseTi adgili:
Предсѣдатель. Въ распоряженiи оратора имѣется одинъ часъ. Может быть въ
теченiе этого времени ораторъ приблизится къ обсуждаемому вопросу.
ras niSnavs? ese igi orators aqvs erTi saaTi. ramdenic sisulele
ar unda ilaparakos, ra uzam, xeli ar unda SeuSaloTo. es aris aSka­
ra dacinva. amis ufleba ara aqvs Tavmjdomares. me ver warmomidge­
nia, rom ase iqceodes damfuZnebeli krebis kulturuli Tavmjdomare.
me Zlier meintereseboda marTla sTqva Tavmjdomarem es sityvebi Tu
ara. mivmarTe stenogramas. magram masSi amis msgavsi araferi aris.
(xmebi: sircxvili!). es dasWirda saagentos deputatis dasamcireblad!
pirveli sesiis angariSebi rom gadaaTvalieroT, iq naxavT Sem­
degs: gamodis ministri, ambobs vrcel sityvas, xolo rac Seexeba sxva
oratorebs, maT Sesaxeb sweria: dekretis winaaRmdeg gamovida gvaza­
va. ra sTqva gvazavam, ara sCans. dekretis winaaRmdeg gamodis Senge­
laia, ra sTqva – ara sCans.
ase grZeldeboda mTeli sesiis ganmavlobaSi, TiTqos damfuZ­
nebul krebaSi marto ministrebi laparakobden! gadaaTvaliereT saa­
gentos angariSebi da Tu es marTali ar aris, me maSin bodiSs movix­
di. (gvazava: marTalia?). xSiria iseTi SemTxveva, roca Cveni gvari ar
aris moyvanili. magram maSin, rodesac mTeli Cveni sityvebi ar moyav­
daT, aris SemTxvevebi, rom zogierT ubralo Cvens winaaRmdeg momar­
Tuli replikac ki iyo moyvanili. ai magaliTad: aq nucubiZe lapara­
kobda. laparaki Seexeboda socialistur kongresis rezoliucias,
am dros b. nikolaZem aseTi replika misca: „SeiZleba aseTi bavSvuri
laparakiT dro wavarTvaT damfuZnebel krebaso?“ gekiT­xebiT Tqven,
im dros, rodesac deputatis mTeli sityva ar mogyavT, ra mizniT
mogyavT replika? im mizniT, rom daamciroT deputati. (xmauroba).
me gTxovT gamobrZandeT da mipasuxoT, Tu rame saTqmeli gaqvT. Sem­
deg imave 23 ianvris sxdomaze me gamovel. ar maxsovs ramdeni xani vi­
laparake, yovel SemTxvevaSi naxevar saaTi vilaparake. magram me es

420
ar mainteresebs, me mainteresebs is, rom iq aris damaxinjebuli Cemi
azri. me vambobdi, rom 23 Tebervlis dekreti exeba ara konfiskacias,
aramed is exeba mTel reformas da vidre es reforma ar damTavrebu­
la, misi gauqmeba SeuZlebelia, aseTi iyo Cemi azri. rogor aris axla
es gadaRebuli? (kiTxulobs): Л. Шенгелая. Высказывается противъ декрета.
Ораторъ считаетъ недорозумѣнiемъ утвержденiе, что постановленiе Комиссарiата
было временное. e. i. gamodis, rom es droebiT ki ara samudamo yofila,
rom Sengelaia suleli yofila, gamodis, laparakobs da arc ki icis
razed laparakobs. mas Semdeg rac Cven dafmuZnebel krebis prezidi­
ums protesti gaugzavneT, saagentom ramdenime sxdomis yovlad da­
makmayofilebel angariSebi Seadgina da verc erTi partiis warmo­
madgeneli ver ityoda sayvedurs, ai magaliTad 3 martis angariSi.
ase, rom maT es SeugniaT, magram samwuxarod saagento isev Zvel gzas
daubrunda! b. ramiSvili Txoulobda faqtebs da mec iZulebuli var
kidev moviyvano faqtebi da migiTiToT im vakxanaliazed, romelic
xdeba. Tqven iciT, rom aq iyo warmodgenili dekreti amnistiis Ses­
axeb. proeqtis Sesaxeb ramdenime oratori gamovida. vilaparake mec.
sxvaTa Soris ilaparaka soc.-federalistTa fraqciis warmomadgen­
elma b. iese baraTaSvilma. ai rogor aris gadacemuli Cveni sityve­
bi. im mxriv, rom axasiaTebs saagentos, romel deputatis sityva ro­
gor gaugia. Cemi sityva aris moyvanili ase (kiTxulobs): TiTqos me
vambobde, rom azerbaijanis parlamentma miiRo ukeTesi miwis kanoni
da amnistiac. me parlamentTan araviTari saqme ar mqonda. parlamen­
tis damcireba Cemi mizani ar iyo. me ar miTqvams es da verc vityodi.
me vTqvi mxolod, rom azerbaijanis mTavrobam warmoadgina amnisti­
is da agrarul reformis proeqti ufro radikaluri, vidre Tqven.
saagento swers, TiTqos maT miiRes es kanonebi. es aris damaxinjeba
Cemi sityvisa. im dRes gamovida agreTve iese baraTaSvili. is mxars
uWerda amnistias da sxvaTa Soris sTqva: spekuliantebis ganTavisu­
fleba SeuZlebelia, magram ar daiviwyoT, rom vinc didi spekulian­
tebi arian, isini axerxeben Tavidan aicdinon sasjeli, xolo wvrili
vaWrebi, romelTac nixrze zeviT yveli gayides da ramodenime maneTi
moiges, es xalxi unda gaanTavisufloTo. rogor aris es gadacemuli
„iese baraTaSvilma moiTxova spekuliantebis amnistia, gaanTavisu­
fleT spekuliantebio“. gana es ar aris sruli falsifikacia? mas ar
mouTxovia spekuliantebis ganTavisufleba. magram Tqven es dagWir­
daT partiuli kapitalisaTvis, sademagogioT.
aseTia faqtebi. mas ver gaabaTilebs b. rusias laTaiebi! (rusia:
Rirsi ara xarT tribunisa! ras niSnavs laTaiebi? ilanZRebiT! Tavmj­
domare zars rekavs). Tqven iciT aq irCeoda Statebi miwad-moqmedebis
saministrosi, gaimarTa kamaTi da ai rogor aris es moyvanili. unda
gagaxsenoT, rom saagento alamazebs social-dem. oratorebis si­
tyvebs. rusul enaze es sityvebi ufro kargad gamodis, vidre am tri­
bunidan. saagento Cven sityvas obieqtiurad ki ar gadascems, aramed

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recenzias ukeTebs. mag. b. xomerikis sityvaSi naTqvamia (kiTxulobs):
„Грубую ошибку, допущенную г. Шенгелая, Министръ объявляетъ“ da sxva. exla
visi azria es „грубую ошибку“, Tu es ministris azria, unda eTqva „По
мнѣнiю министра грубую ошибку допустил Шенгелая“, magram es ase ar aris,
sCans misi azria. es ar aris obieqtiuri gadacema, es aris recenzia.
me SemeZlo kidev sabuTebi moviyvano, magram saWiro ar aris. mx­
olod erTi ki aSkaraa, saagento sistematiurad ebrZvis Cvens Tavisu­
fals sityvas da ase xdeba ara marto Cems mimarT, aramed yvelas mimarT,
vinc social-demokrati ar aris. Tqven gexsomebaT, yarabaRis ambebis
Sesaxeb iyo gamosvlebi damfuZnebul krebaSi. maSin yvela fraqciebis
warmomadgenlebi gamovidnen. moyvanili iyo saagentos angariSSi yve­
las sityva, magram gamotovebuli iyo erTi fraqciis warmomadgenlis
gvazavas sityva. (gvazava adgilidan: marTalia!) Tavis-Tavad gvazava
da Sengelaia SeiZleba saintereso ar iyvnen, magram gvazava da Sen­
gelaia, rogorc calke mimarTulebaTa warmomadgenlebi, unda iyvnen
moxsenebuli iq, sadac Tqven mogyavT sxva mimdinareobaTa warmomad­
genlebis sityvebi.
Cven ar mogaxsenebT, rom Cveni sityvebi feletonebad dabeWdoT,
magram moviTxovT, rom obieqtiurad gadasceT Cveni azri xalxs. co­
taodeni pativiscema mainc iqonieT, Tumca Tqven partias ar sCvevia pa­
tiviscemiT mopyroba mowinaaRmdegisadmi, Tqven yovelTvis udierad
eqceodiT mowinaaRmdegeebs, – gaixseneT marqsis kamaTi prudonTan da
sxva, – magram cotaodeni rigianoba rom gamoiCinoT zedmeti ar iqneba.
roca vlaparakobT im calmxrivobaze, romelsac iCens saagento
opoziciis oratorebisadmi, me Zalauneburad magondeba ruseTi, ro­
melzedac amxanagma nucubiZem mogaxsenaT. rogor epyroboda iqauri
presa social-demokratias? maSin Tqven iyaviT opoziciaSi, yvelas
ebrZodiT. socialistebs ar hqondaT saSualeba gamoecaT sakuTari
gazeTi. gamodioda mxolod liberaluri gazeTebi: „russkoe slovo“,
„russkia vedomosti“ da sxva. magram, warmoidgineT, aramc Tu kadru­
lobden imas, rom daemaxinjebinaT opoziciis sityvebi, aramed mTeli
stenografiuli angariSebi moyavdaT da rodesac ki Seamoklebden,
atydeboda erTi aurzauri.
aq arian saTaTbiros yofili wevrebi da dameTanxmebian, rom ar
yofila SemTxveva imisa, rom opoziciis sityvebi ganzrax ar daes­
tamboT, Tumca es metad saZnelo da saxifaTo iyo maTTvis. iseTi
liberaluri gazeTebi rogoric iyo „russkoe slovo“ da „russkia
vedomosti“, yovelTvis beWdaven opoziciis deputatebis sityvebs.
SeiZleba gviTxran, rom iq brZenebi iyvnen da imaT ver SevedrebiTo,
magram es pirad Rirsebas Seexeba da ar minda vidavo. yovel SemTx­
vevaSi, aSkaraa, rom aseTi mopyroba sityvis Tavisuflebisadmi, ro­
gorsac iCens social-demokratia, arc erT demokratiul qveyanaSi
ar aris. da es xdeba imitom, rom amas moiTxovs partiuli interesebi
social-demokratebisa. aviRoT mag. qalaqis sabWos sxdomebi, muSa­

422
Ta sabWo da satarifo palata. ukanasknelSi arian warmomadgenlebi
muSebisa da vaWrebis. is ar aris revoliucionuri organizacia. yov­
el SemTxvevaSi faqti is aris, rom maTi sxdomebis angariSebi ibeWde­
ba vrclad. da ra daaSava damfuZnebelma krebam? es saxelmwifosTvis
uaryofiT Sedegs mogvcems. (kedia: marTalia!) es uaryofa aris parla­
mentarizmisa da Tu umravlesoba uaryofs parlamentarizms, es miT
ufro CvenTvis advilia.
gulis tkiviliT unda aRvniSno, rom saagentos meTaurebSi ari­
an gulwrfeli pirebi, me ar mogaxsenebT kalandaZeze, mas bevrs ver
movTxovT gansakuTrebiT mas Semdeg, rac man daswera werili „sol­
omon zurgieliZisadmi“, romelic samudamod darCeba nimuSad servi­
lizmisa da laqiobisa. magram me ver gamigia, rom abaSeli, romelic
aris poeti, – poeti ki me warmomidgenia damoukidebel sulis matare­
blad, rogorc motrfiale Tavisuflebisa, – xdeba jalaTad Tavisu­
fal sityvisa. es xdeba b. ramiSvilis zedgavleniT.
orSi erTia – an Cven varT sulelebi da social-demokratias
ecodeba xalxi, an da SeiZleba, rom soc.-dem. Cveni simarTlis eSinian
da amitom ar awvdis xalxs Cvens sityvebs. aviRoT pirveli debuleba.
vTqvaT Cven sulelebi varT, unda mogaxsenoT rom es debuleba swored
soc.-demokratebisaTvis aris sasargeblo. Tu Cven sulelebi varT,
maSin maTi partiuli interesi unda moiTxovdes, rom xalxs daanaxon,
rom maT sulelebi airCies da xalxi dainaxavs amas da Semdeg aRar ag­
virCevs. magram es ase ar aris. marTalia meore debuleba: maT Cveni
simarTlisa eSiniaT. magram me mwams, rom Cveni sityva xalxs miswvdeba
da igi veraviTar SemTxvevaSi ver apatiebs aseT TaRliTobas im xalxs,
romelic social-demokratias uwodebs Tavs.
amnairad Tqven xedavT, rom Cveni saagento sistematiurad ebrZvis
arasocial-demokrat oratorebs. Cven devnilni varT. Cveni sityva ar
aris Tavisufali. Cven gvaqvs immuniteti da rodesac amis gamo b. ra­
miSvilma veraferi gaawyo, ver gviWers, daawesa faqtiuri cenzura!..
soc.-rev. fraqciis saxeliT vacxadeb sasatik protests am cenzuris
winaaRmdeg da moviTxov am vakxanaliis mospobas. Zirs cenzura!
gaumarjos Tavisufal sityvas!..
Tavmjdomare. b. meliton rusia.
rusia. (s.-d.) rac iTqva depeSaTa saagentos Sesaxeb, es iyo ganmeo­
reba b. Sengelaias sityvisa, amitom is, rac iTqva b. Sengelaias Sesaxeb,
iTqmis b. i. nucubiZis, ukanasknel oratoris Sesaxeb. me mxolod minda
Tqveni yuradReba or rameze mivaqcio. erTi is, rom arc erTi sabuTi
depeSaTa saagentos Sesaxeb ar mouyvania baton orators. saidgan sCan­
da, rom maTi sityvebi ganzrax daamaxinjes? maSasadame mTeli laparaki
ukanasknel oratorisa iyo zepiri. (replika ar ismis). batonebo, Tqven
ar moiyvaneT arc erTi magaliTi imisa, rom saagento Tqven sityvebs
amaxinjebs. zepirad laparaki batonebo, am tribunas ar Seefereba. Tu
daukvirdebiT social-rev. warmomadgenlis sityvebs, Tqven mxolod

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erTs mixvdebiT: maT undaT es organo soc.-revoliuc. sapropagando
organod gadaaqcion. ai es aris batonebo, Sinaarsi Tqveni laparakisa.
Tqven gindaT rom Tqveni azri, Tqveni mimarTuleba, Tqveni idealebi
gavavrceloT xalxSi, populiazacia uyos depeSaTa saagentom. nu Tu
Tqven ar gesmiT, rom es SeuZlebelia? es, rom gvindodes kidec, Cveni
xalxi amis nebas mogvcems, (gvazava: Tqveni azri xom SeiZleba gavrcel­
des?). rodesac amas mxars uWers batoni gvazava, me mikvirs Tqven ar
laparakobT, rom es organo aris mTavrobis organo da maSasadame,
rodesac ministri gamodis tribunaze da laparakobs, is Tavis azrs ki
ar acnobebs damfuZnebel krebas, is acnobebs im Sexedulebas, im poli­
tikas, romelic aris mTavrobis politika. (replika ar ismis), da ra­
tom gikvirT, es rom mTavrobis organo beWdavs ministris sityvas, ro­
melic imave dros aris mTavrobis azri da Sexeduleba? (gvazava: es ase
unda iyos?) rasakvirvelia es ase unda iyos, imitom, rom Tu ggoniaT
depeSaTa saagento aris saagitacio organo da sxva da sxva partiul
organizaciebisa, Tqven Semcdari brZandebiT. Cven ar SegviZlian ba­
tonebo, saxelmwifo fuli vxarjoT imaze, rac soc.-rev. undaT – Tqven
moiTxovT imas, rom saxelmwifoSi mTavrobam Tavisi organoSi mTeli
Tqveni azri gamoaqveynos. Tu Tqven gagigoniaT, rom Tqvens sityvebs
depeSaTa saagento amaxinjebs, gamobrZandiT da aq ganacxadeT tri­
bunidgan mxolod amis magaliTebi unda moiyvanoT. es Tqven ar ineb­
eT. amitom, batonebo, Tqven dRes rac sTqviT es aris zepiri lparaki
da mizani ki mxolod erTi iyo. Tqven ggoniaT, rom Tqveni gamosvlis
Semdeg mTavrobis moambe Secvlis Tavis politikas im mxriv, rom daiw­
yebs Tqveni azrebis gavrcelebas. vimeoreb, Cven rom movindomoT, amis
nebas xalxi ar mogvcems. meore, batonebo damfuZnebel krebis yovel
wevrs, yovel molaparakes aqvs ufleba moiTxovos, rom misi sityvebi
iqnas Cawerili sruliad. b. Sengelaia ki ambobs, rom mainc es depeSebi
ar Sediso. yovlad SeuZlebelia stenografiuli angariSi Tqveni war­
moTqmuli sityvisa, Tundac saintereso sityva, depeSaTa saagentom
sruliad gadaiRos. es yovlad SeuZlebelia. depeSaTa saagentos amis
arc adgili da arc saSualeba ar eqneba.
Tavmjdomare. kamaTi dasrulebuli gaxlavT. ukanaskneli sityva
ekuTvnis momxsenebels, b. oniaSvils.
d. oniaSvili. opoziciis warmomadgenelma sastikad gailaSqra
am dekretis winaaRmdeg, magram Cemis azriT, arc erTi seriozuli
sabuTi ar wamouyenebia imis dasamtkiceblad, rom es xarjT-aRricxva
unda uarvyoT. SeiZleba saagentos qondes nakli. opoziciam ar dasva
sakiTxi ase. saqarTelos saagentos qonda defeqtebi, magram swored
amitom, rom es defeqtebi iqmnes aSorebuli, unda damtkicdes es
Stati da xarjT-aRricxva. amiT Seiqmneba iseTi pirobebi, romelic
saagentos muSaobas Caayenebs normalur kalapotSi. rac Seexeba in­
formacias, me mgonia, rom es metis meti gazviadebaa. es aris mxolod
carieli sityvebi. opoziciis warmomadgenlebs goniaT, rom saxelm­
wifo aSenebda im meTodebiT, romlebzedac isini xSirad laparakoben.

424
me darwmunebuli var, rom opozicia odesme mTavrobaSi moxvdes, maSin
ase ar daiwyebda laparaks. marTalia saagentos cnobebs mTavrobis
oficialuri gazeTis erTgvari tendencia etyoba, magram es aucile­
belia. yovel mTavrobas unda hqondes garkveuli saxe da tendencia.
rasakvirvelia, saxelmwifos aSenebis dros SeiZleba kerZo interesi
Seilaxos, magram es aravisTvis sawyeni da gasajavrebeli ar unda iyos.
Tavmjdomare. kamaTi dasrulebuli gaxlavT. vin aris winaaRmdegi
muxlobriv ganxilvaze gadavideT? aravin. gTxovT waikiTxoT.
d. oniaSvili (kiTxulobs dekrets). kreba yvela muxlebs ucvle­
lad iRebs.
Tavmjdomare. ukve 3 1/2 saaTia. kreba unda Sewydes. gTxovT mois­
minoT Semdegi krebis dRiuri wesrigi.
mdivani (kiTxulobs Semdegi krebis dRiur wesrigs).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vin aris winaaRmdegi am werilisa?
aravin. wesrigi miRebulia. sxdoma daxuruli gaxlavT.
sxdoma ixureba 3 s. 35 wT.

425
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

ocdameerTe sxdoma

(21)

1920 weli. ivnisis 1. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. saboloo teqstebi.
2. moxseneba saqarTvelos senatis 1919 w. ganmavlobaSi moqmedebis
Sesaxeb.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris amxanagi

aleqsandre lomTaTiZe.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivnis amx. qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
prezidiumSi aris eqvT. TayaiSvili.
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas gaxsnilad vacxadeb. mdivani mogaxsenebT
komisiebSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtebs da dRiur wesrigs.
mdivani. (kiTxulobs komisiebSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtebs).

komisebSi gadasacemi kanon-proeqtebi:

1. Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris proeqti dekretisa – Sinagan-saqmeTa

saministrosTan arsebuli gansakuTrebuli razmis moqmedebis gangr­
Zobis Sesaxeb.
mdivani kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs.

427
 dRiuri wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – mTavrobis moambis „saqarTvelos

respublikis“ Statis da xarjTaRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
2. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – saqarTvelos depeSaTa saagentos
Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia qr.
SaraSiZis asuli.
3. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – saqarTvelos
saxelmwifo bankis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
4. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – samxedro mfri­
navTaTvis haerSi frenisaTvis gasamrjelos micemis Sesaxeb. momxsene­
belia s. mdivani.
5. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – mevenaxeobis da
meRvineobis tfilisis da quTaisis sagubernio komitetebis gauqmebi­
sa da aRaianis da Cumlayis sanergeebis erobaTaTvis gadacemis Sesax­
eb. momxsenebelia k. niniZe.
6. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – miwad-moqme­
debis saministros dawesebulebaTa Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis dam­
tkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia kir. niniZe.
7. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – jaSuSobasTan
sabrZolvelad damzveravi nawilis Tanamdebobis pirTaTvis saga­
momZieblo funqciebis miniWebis Sesaxeb. momsxenebelia s. jafariZe.
8. moxseneba saqarTvelos senatis 1919 wlis ganmavlobaSi moq­
medebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia s. jafariZe.
9. saqarTvelos saxelmwifo bankis mmarTvelobis amxanagisa da gam­
geobis wevris arCevani. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
10. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – samxedro uwyebis
Statis damatebisa da cvlilebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia s. mdivani.
Tavmjdomare. winadadeba gaxlavT Semosuli moixsnas merve sa­
kiTxi dRiur wesrigidan. vin aris winaaRmdegi winadadebisa? aravin.
moxsnilia. cnobad unda mogaxsenoT, rom sabiujeto-safinanso komi­
siam daasrula biujetis ganxilva da Semoitana igi gansaxilvelad
prezidiumSi. saTanado ganxilvis Semdeg igi male daibeWdeba da dau­
rigdeba deputatebs.
saboloo teqstebs mogaxsenebT q-ni SaraSiZis asuli.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli. (s.-d.) kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigis 1 da 2 mux­
lSi aRniSnul sakanonmdeblo aqtebis saboloo teqstebs, romelTac
damf. kreba amtkicebs. Semdeg n. imnaiSvili (s.-d.), s. mdivani (s.-f.),
k. niniZe (s.-d.) da s. jafariZe (s.-d.) kiTxuloben me-3, 4, 5, 6 da 7 mux­
lebSi aRniSnul sakanonmdeblo aqtTa meore muxlobriv ganxilvas,
romelTac damf. kreba iRebs da saredaqcio komisias gadaeca.
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva baton s. jafariZes
ekuTvnis.

428
 1. moxseneba saqarTvelos senatis 1919 wlis
ganmavlobaSi moqmedebis Sesaxeb.

ser. jafariZe (soc.-dem.) senatis debulebaSi, sxvaTa Soris, gax­

lavT me-8 muxli, romlis ZaliT senati udgens damfuZnebel krebas
yovel wels Tavis moqmedebis angariSs. ai swored am muxlis Tanaxmad
senatma warmoudgina damfuZnebel krebas warsuli 1919 wlis Tavisi
moRvaweobis angariSi. rogorc mogexsenebaT, senati airCies SarSan
7 oqtombers. sanam senatorebs acnobebden amas da sanam Tavmjdomare
moaswrebda kancelariis mowyobis damTavrebas, am samzadisSi or
kviramde gavida. senatis gaxsnis sazeimo sxdoma Sesdga mxolod 23
oqtombers. Semdeg pirveli gamwesrigebeli sxdoma, rogorc samoqa­
laqosi, ise sisxlis departamentis, moxda 30 oqtombers.
4 noembers Sesdga sisxlis sasamarTlos sajaro sxdoma, xolo 7
noembers samoqalaqo departamentis. aqedan iwyeba reguliaruli
muSaoba senatisa.
maSasadame senatis angariSi Seexeba noembris dawyebidan 19 de­
kembris damlevamde. am dros ganmavlobaSi senats hqonia saerTod
62 sxdoma, aqedan samoqalaqo departaments – 25, sisxlis samarT­
lis – 18, saadministracio ganyofilebas – 9, sazogado krebebis – 8
da SeerTebuli sakrebulosi – 2. am moxsenebul dros ganmavlobaSi
senatSi Sesula sul 439 saqme. am raodenobis SedarebiTi simravle
aixsneba miT, rom bolSevikuri gadatrialebis Semdeg saqarTvelo
moswyda ruseTis senats da sakasacio saqmeebi rCeboda aq. am rigad
dagrovda mravali saqme. da rodesac gaixsna saqarTvelos senati,
erTbaSad Sevida Sig 439 saqme. samoqalaqo departamentis ganyo­
filebaSi Sesula 211, mis saadministracio ganyofilebaSi calke –
61, sisxlis samarTlis ganyofilebaSi – 134, sazogado krebis – 25 da
SeerTebuli sakrebulosi – 8. am saerTo ricxvidan senats gaurCev­
ia SarSan 185 saqme. amaTSi samoqalaqo departaments – 87, aqedan mis
saadministracio ganyofilebas – 25, sisxlis samarTlis departa­
ments – 67, SeerTebul departamentTa sakrebulos – 2, amave departa­
mentis sazogado krebas – 19.
rac Seexeba beds gadawyvetil saqmeebisas, saerTod SeiZleba
iTqvas, rom gadawyvetili saqmeebis erT mesamed nawilSi ganCineba
gauuqmebiaT da xelaxla gadauciaT palatisaTvis da mosamarTleTa
yrilobisaTvis xelaxla gasarCevad. danarCen saqmeebze ki saCivari
uSedegod dautovebiaT, xolo raodenime saqme mouspiaT sxva da sxva
mizezebis gamo.
garda sasamarTlo saqmeebis ganxilvisa, senats dakisrebuli aqvs
sxva funqciebic, umTavresad revizia sasamarTlos uwyebisa. senats
revizia mouxdenia axalcixis mazraSi. Sedegad moyolia is, rom mo­
samarTle, vinme miqelaZe gadauyenebiaT da samarTalSi miuciaT. xolo
rac Seexeba sxva momrigebel mosamarTleebis da sazogadoT sasamarT­

429
los uwyebis revizias, senats es SemdegisaTvis gadaudvia or mizezis
gamo. erTi mizezi is yofila, rom senatSi mogrovili saqmeebi unda
gaeTavebia, ise, rom SemdegisaTvis normaluri pirobebi Seeqmna. da
marTlac iseTi mdgomareobaa Seqmnili dRes, rom aramc Tu winande­
li saqmeebi, axali saqmeebic dauyovnebliv iniSneba; meore mizezi is
yofila, rom senats ndomia axlad arCeul momrigebel mosamarTleebs
miscemoda dro samuSaod, rom maTi muSaoba gamorkveuliyo da moe­
ca masala, romlis mixedviT SesaZlebeli gaxdeboda sasamarTlos Se­
faseba da reviziis moxdena. revizia am dReebSi daiwyeba. xolo rac
Seexeba marTva-gamgeobis sxva dargis (garda sasamarTlosi) revizias,
am SemTxvevaSi senats Tavis angariSSi moyavs erTi incidenti.
mTavrobis Tavmjdomares miumarTavs senatisaTvis, rom daeniSna
mas revizia axalcixis da sxva mazrebis yvela dawesebulebebisa. ma­
gram am senats sruliad safuZvlianad miuRia mxedvelobaSi is mosaz­
reba, rom kanonis ZaliT mas amis ufleba ar aqvs da amitom dekembris
9 Tavis sxdomaze gamoutania dasabuTebuli dadgenileba da uari ga­
nucxadebia TavmjdomarisaTvis. amasTanave senati damf. kr. yuradRe­
bas erT garemoebas aqcevs, saxeldobr imas, rom senatis debulebis
pirveli muxlis ZaliT rom meTvalyureoba kanonierebisa ekisreba
mas, magram Semdegi muxlis ZaliT senats ar aqvs micemuli saSvaleba,
rom es movaleoba pirnaTlad aasrulos. es saSvaleba senatis azriT
aris reviziis ufleba, da mas ki amis ufleba dRes dReobiT ar aqvs.
aqvs mxolod erTi ufleba, Tu saqmis ganxilvis dros SeniSna, rom
vinme Tanamdebobis pirma danaSauli Caidina, saTanado ministrs unda
acnobos da Tu ministris mxriT SeamCnia raime borotmoqmedeba, es
unda auwyos mTavrobas. am garemoebas usvams xazs senati da aqcevs mas
Tqvens yuradRebas. aseTi gaxlavT cifrebiT gamoxatuli senatis moR­
vaweobis angariSi. Tu SevadarebT im dros, ra drosac exeba es angari­
Si, Cven davinaxavT, rom senats daaxlovebiT 40-mde samuSao dRe da
am dros ganmavlobaSi saSualo ricxviT hqoniaT 1 1/2 sxdoma dReSi,
xolo gaurCeviaT dReSi saSualo cifriT 4 1/2 saqme. ase, rom senatis
muSaobis intensiobas miuwevia maqsimumamde. ra Tqma unda marto amiT
ar amoiwureba sruliad misi moRvaweobis dafaseba. me movaleobad
mimaCnia mogaxsenoT, rogorc iuridiuli komisiis warmomadgenels
da am saqmis axlo mcodnes, rom vinc ki garedan adevnebs Tvalyurs,
is uaRresad kmayofili darCeba senatiT. mogexsenebaT, rom senatSi
sagrZnobi nawili axalgazrda xalxia da unda gamovtyde, gveSinoda,
vai Tu saTanado codna ver gamoiCinono, magram SegviZlia ­vsTqvaT,
rom senatma gamoiCina ara marto codna da gamocdileba, aramed rac
umTavresia _ didi moraluri simaRle da avtoriteti. ase, rom sen­
atma gadaaWarba yovelive molodins. SegviZlia mxolod survili ga­
movTqvaT, rom respublikis yvela sxva dawesebulebebma gamoiCinos
aseTi simaRle da avtoriteti. da Cven imedi gvaqvs, rom Cveni sasiqa­
dulo senati met unars da simaRles gamoiCens.

430
 Tavmjdomare. rogor inebebT, sami saaTi gaxlavT, sxdoma gava­
grZeloT Tu SevswyvitoT? winadadeba gaxlavT, rom sanam sakiTxi ar
amoiwureba, gagrZeldes sxdoma. vin aris am winadadebis winaaRmdegi?
aravin.
Tavmjdomare. sityva b-on l. Sengelaias ekuTvnis.
leo Sengelaia (s.-r.) moqalaqeno, damf. krebis wevrno! warmod­
genili moxseneba Sesaxeb senatis moRvaweobisa, friad mniSvnelovani
da sayuradReboa. es moxseneba mniSvnelovania, ara marto imitom,
rom Cven gveZleva saSvaleba viqonioT msjeloba senatis moRvaweobis
Sesaxeb, aramed es aris, Tu gnebavT, unikumi, pirveli SemTxveva roca
Cven mier arCeuli sxva organoebic: mTavrobis, saxelmwifo kontro­
liori, magram maTi moRvaweobis angariSi ar gvinaxavs da arc viciT,
vnaxavT Tu ara odesme.
Tavmjdomare: ukanasknelad mogaxsenebT b. oratoro, kontrolis
moRvaweobis angariSi warmodgenilia prezidiumSi da dagirigdebaT
am dReebSi.
Sengelaia: es moxseneba, batonebo, exeba friad mokle vadas e. i. 2-3
Tvis moRvaweobas. Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi im fsiqologiur mdgo­
mareobas, im atmosferos, romelic hqmnida senatis sxeneba, rom es aris
didi dawesebuleba SedarebiT im patara moxsenebisTanave, romelic
gvaqvs, iseTi STabeWdileba iqmneba, rom senats araferi gaukeTebia.
magram, Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi imas, rom es ori Tve iyo umTavre­
sad xana saorganizacio, rom ar gvqonda araviTari tradiciebi, Tu
miviRebT mxedvelobaSi rom samosamarTlo organoebi ar aris aqtiu­
ri, aramed ufro pasiuri organoa. vinaidan mis movaleobas Seadgens
Tvalyuri adevnos, kanoni Tu ramdenad sruldeba, amitom mas dids
sayvedurs ver vetyviT.
magram miuxedavad amisa me oriode sityviT Sevexebi am moxsenebas.
me minda Tqveni yuradReba SevaCero im atmosferoze, romelic Seiqmna
senatis garSemo.
saqarTvelos sasamarTlos aqvs Tavisi istoriuli data, roml­
idanac unda viangariSoT axali damoukidebuli xana Cveni sasamarT­
losi. es data, aris warsuli wlis 7/10, rodesac damf. krebam airCia
senati da miT daagvirgvina Cveni sasamarTlos organizacia.
Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom senati cnobilia, rogorc Zveli institu­
ti, romelmac warsulSi ver gaamarTla imedebi.
aseT daskvnas xels uwyobda 2 garemoeba: erTi senati yovelTvis
arCevda da icavda Zvels arsebul kanonebs, romelnic iyo mimarTuli
demokratiis winaaRmdeg da es qmnida mtrul ganwyobilebas misda­
mi. meore is, rom Zveli biurokratia Tumca TeoriaSi aRiarebda sa­
samarTlos damoukideblobas, magram yovelTvis cdilobda sasamarT­
los damoukidebloba gaeqarwylebia, da es SesZles maT Zvel reJimSi.
maSindelma marTvelma biurokratiam Tavis politikas daumorCila
da dasca sasamarTlo. iqamdi mivida sasamarTlos gaxrwna, rom ganaCe­

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ni saqmis garCevamde iwereboda. magram es iyo Zvelad. Cven ki gvqonda
ufleba gvefiqra, rom sadac sasamarTlo demokratias ekuTvnis, aseT
maxinj movlenebs alagi ar eqneboda. magram unda mogaxsenoT, rom Cve­
ni molodini ar gamarTlda. Tamamad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom CvenSi ar ar­
sebobs damoukidebeli sasamarTlo (veSapeli: marTalia!) xolo, rac
Seexeba senats, unda mogaxsenoT, rom verc erT organos ver naxavT,
romelic ase iyos abuCad agdebuli, rogorc senati. es aris Sedegi
mmarTveli partiis moqmedebis. me vfiqrob, rom mmarTveli partia Ta­
vidan ar iyo mowadinebuli, rom sasamarTlos moRvaweoba Caeyenebia
normalur kalapotSi, rom es yofiliyo savsebiT damoukidebeli.
senati SemoRebuli iyo soc.-demokratebis mier „скрѣпя серцемъ“. mo­
gexsenebaT rom saerTod provincieli soc.-demokratebi rasac fiqro­
ben da rodesac ar laparakoben, centris soc.-demokratebi, gaz. „so­
cial-demokratSi“ iyo azri gamoTqmuli, rom senati saWiro ar aris.
(replika: ar aris marTali!). me geubnebiT, rac iyo naTqvami Tqvens
gazeTSi. iq ewera, ra dros senatia, senats unda daicvas kanoniereba
da ra dros kanonierebaa revoliuciis xanaSio.
rac Seexeba imas, rom kanoniereba unda iqnes daculi, me movaxseneb
b. Tevzaias, „erTobis“ mowinave werilebs, sadac ewera: droa Cvenma
amxanagebma Seignon, rom kanoniereba unda davicvaTo. me Tu amas yur­
adRebas vaqcev, imitom, rom naTeli iyos is azri, rom imnair pirobeb­
Si moxda senatis daarseba, iseTi fsiqologiuri mdgomareoba Seiqmna,
romelic xels ver Seuwyobda senatis nayofier muSaobas. rom es asea,
rom CvenSi senati ar imyofeba normalur pirobebSi, CvenSi ar arse­
bobs damoukidebeli sasamarTlo da arc misi gvirgvinia damoukide­
beli, amas naTlad amtkicebs Cveni senatis nivTieri da uflebrivi
mdgomareoba. (niniZe: cudi damcveli xarT!). me var senatis damcveli
imdenad, ramdenad mas SeuZlia Tqvens ukanono moRvaweobas sazRvari
daudvas. me ver gamigia, ra awuxebs b. niniZes da rad Relavs igi, Tu
mas saWirod miaCnia saerTod kontroli. Tumca me ar mrwams bevrad
Tqveni socialistoba, magram damf. krebam airCia SemadgenlobiT
socialisturi senati da es aris garantia, rom, Tu odesme SeiZleba
romelime organo pirnaTlad asrulebdes Tavis movaleobas, es ai aq
unda momxdariyo. magram samwuxarod es ar aris. amas amtkicebs zogi­
erTi faqtebi. aviRoT Cveni senatorebis nivTieri mdgomareoba. ram­
denime senatorma nivTieri mdgomareobis gamo daaneba Tavi senatoro­
bas. (rusia: ministrebi ramdens Rebuloben?). oficialurad ramdens
Rebuloben, viciT, ise araoficialurad ramdens Rebuloben ar vici.
Tqven iciT, rom 2 senatorma Tavi daaneba samsaxurs erTi imitom, rom
isini ar arian uzrunvelyofilni im jamagiriT, romelic eZleva. isi­
ni SimSiloben, es imitom, rom 8-9 aTasi maneTi imdenad mcire Tanxaa,
rom senators ar SeuZlia Tavisi moTxovnilebani daakmayofilos. amas
daadasturebs yoveli soc.-demokrati, romelmac wera-kiTxva icis da
ramodenime alagze iRebs jamagirs. garda amisa, roca Cven miviReT

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senatis debuleba da mas gavuxseniT krediti unda yofiliyo senatis
gankargulebaSi. magram raRac mizezebis gamo, es ar moxda. krediti,
romelic senats gavuxseniT, aris iusticiis ministris xelSi da is
urigebs jamagirebs, roca unda da rogorc unda. me maqvs cnoba, es
sakiTxi dausvams senats, qonia masze msjeloba, daudgeniaT, Tu raime
naSTi iqneba, moxmareboda isev senats. yovel SemTxvevaSi faqtia, rom
is krediti, romelic gauxseniT senats, iusticiis ministris xelSia.
es miuRebelia formalurad, radgan krediti gavuxseniT senats da
ara iusticiis ministrs.
rac Seexeba uflebriv mdgomareobas, unda mogaxsenoT, rom arc
es aris saxarbielo. SeiZleba iTqvas unugeSo aris am mxriv senatis
mdgomareoba. Tqven iciT senatis debulebaSi ar iyo savsebiT ga­
Suqebuli reviziis sakiTxi. bevrs egona reviziis ufleba ara marto
samosamarTlo dawesebulebaTa, aramed marTva-gamgeobis organoebisa
qonda senats, ase fiqrobda Cveni fraqcia, mec ase vfiqrobdi, radgan
yovlad SeuZlebelia damoukidebel sasamarTlos, mis gvirgvin senats
amis ufleba ar qondes. magram rogorc sCans senatis ganmartebidan,
rodesac mis winaSe dadga es sakiTxi, is im daskvnamde misula, rom
debulebis ZaliT reviziis ufleba mas ar aqvs, magram amave dros
irkveva rom mTavrobis Tavmjdomare avalebs senats, an senatorebs
sxva da sxva reviziebis moxdenas, rac me mgonia miuRebelia sruliad.
nikolozi monarqi iyo, masze iyo yvela damokidebuli, is iyo centri
xelisuflebisa da loRikuri winaaRmdegoba ar iyo Tu nikolozi
daavalebda senats reviziis moxdenas. Cven aseTi uflebebiT mosili
erTi piri ara gvyavs. sasurveli iyo da gacilebiT ukeTesi reviziis
ufleba marTva-gamgeobisa da yvela dargSi mieces senats. es iqneba
loRikuri da Tu es ar iqneba, ara mTavrobis Tavmjdomare, aramed
TiTon damf. kreba unda aZlevdes winadadebas, rom senatma TiTon
moaxdinos revizia. gana warmosadgenia aseTi wesi, mTavrobis Tavmj­
domare mimarTavs senats da avalebs mas aramc Tu reviziis moxdenas,
aramed aseTi SemTxvevebic aris, rom senators gzavnis da saqmis ga­
moZiebasac avalebs. gana warmosadgenia aseTi mdgomareoba, rom sena­
tori gamomZieblis rolSi iyos? es yovlad miuRebelia yvelasaTvis,
visac swams damoukidebeli, Tavisufali sasamarTlo da miT ufro da­
moukidebeli senati. exla aviRoT sxva SemTxveva.
mogexsenebaT iusticiis ministrs erTgvari tendencia ltol­
va aqvs, rom SeiWras senatis dargSi. mogaxsenebT, erT movlenas am
dReebSi qonda adgili. sasamarTlos moRvaweTa yrilobas, sadac
prokurorma tatiSvilma sruliad uadgilod sTqva, rom iustici­
is ministri aris general prokurori Zveli da axali debulebis
ZaliT, mas unda gaataros mTavrobis politika, magram senati xels
gviSlis, senati Turme xels uSlis viRacas. es ubralo kaci ar gax­
lavT – prokuroria palataSi da axla sdgas mmarTvel wreebTan. ase
uceremonioT, rom iqmneba administracia da TiTon ministri sena­

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tis saqmeebSi da kompetenciaSi sCans sxva faqtebidanac. me maqvs mag.
erTi faqti, rom iusticiis ministrs miuweria erT-erT momrigebel
mosamarTlisaTvis esa da es saqme SeaCereo. momrigebeli mosamarTle
arCevda saqmes, albaT social-demokrati gamoiqca ministrTan, es
gaxlavT okribis raionSi, kursebSi momrigebel mosamarTles SeaCe­
rebies, magram rodesac is saqme gadmoitanes yrilobaSi, yrilobam
ministris Careva ukanonod CasTvala. me mgonia es faqti icis senat­
ma, icis mTavrobam. me gadmomces aseTi SemTxveva, iusticiis ministrs
erT-erTi momrigebel mosamarTlisaTvis miucia winadadeba samsax­
uridan wasuliyo, e. i. „otstavka Seetana“. me ar minda davijero es,
radgan Tu es marTalia, es aris aRdgena SCeglovitovis politikisa.
damoukidebel da Tavisufal sasamarTlos sferoSi rom erevian, es
aSkarad sCans Semdeg faqtebidan: q. suramSi Setakeba momxdara or
soc.-dem. Soris – qalaqis Tavis da koleqtivis Tavmjdomaris Soris
da iciT, rom am saqmeSi koleqtivis Tavmjdomarem gaimarjva, saqme ex­
eboda rekviziciis saqmes. es saqme senatSi misula. senats gauuqmebia.
soc.-demok. datrialebula Sin.-saqmeTa saministroSi. Sinagan-saqme­
Ta saministros gamoucia brZaneba, rom senatis dadgenileba nu iqneba
moyvanili sisruleSi, vidre gansakuTrebuli moweriloba ar mogi­
vaTo. mgonia ministris TanaSemwem, WiWinaZem gasca es gankarguleba.
yovlad dauSvebelia es demokratiul saxelmwifoSi. unda vicodeT
sad vcxovrob, Tu vcxovrobT demokratiul saxelmwifoSi, maSin es
miuRebelia, Tu Cveni saxelmwifo osmaleTis suraTi aris, maSin es
SesaZlebelia. Cveni sasamarTlo abuCad aris agdebuli. mTeli rigi
faqtebia amis dasamtkiceblad. mag. Cveni fraqcia ar aris oficialo­
bis da formalizmis mxare. magram is fraqcia romelic cdilobs, rom
masaSi ganamtkicos monarqiuli suli da Tavisi beladi Seamkos mefu­
ri SaravandebiT, aseTi fraqcia rogor urigdeba iseTi SemTxvevas,
rodesac senatis Tavmjdomare modis stadionze, erTi saaTi fexze
dgas da aravin yuradRebas ar aqcevs. an rogor urigdeba soc.-dem.,
romelic foralizmis didi momxrea, rom im avtomobils, romelSiac
senatis Tavmjdomare zis aCereben da mis Semdeg, rodesac yvela ga­
dis uSveben da ubrZaneben kidec Zirs CamobrZandio. es axasiaTebs im
mdgomareobas CvenSi, romelSic Cauyenebia CvenSi senati. amis Semdeg
mesmis, rom SeuZlebelia iq samsaxuri da ar mikvirs. rodesac kiTxavT
yofil senatorebs, rad midixarTo, isini gipasuxeben, imitom ki ar
mivdivarT marto, rom jamagiri ar gvyofniso, aramed imitom, Tu ki
msxverpls gaviRebT, iseTi mdgomareobaSi nu CagvayenebT, rom ybad
agviRono. orSi erTi, Tu saWiro ar aris senati gavauqmoT da Tu saW­
iroa iseT pirobebSi CavayenoT, rom is Tavis daniSnulebis simaRleze
idges. senats evaleba revizia sasamarTlo dawesebulebisa da unda
vsTqvaT, samwuxarod mxolod erTi mazraSi mouxdenia es revizia. es
minusad unda CauTvalod Cven senats, Tumca unda iTqvas, rom marto
survili ar kmara. CvenSi sasamarTlo dawesebulebani bevria da erTsa

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da ors senators ar SeuZlia reviziis moxdena. amas moundeba mTeli
wlebi. saWiroa didi aparati, senats unda yavdes iseTi xalxi, romel­
Tac SeiZlebodes miendos es saqme mxolod senatis xelmZRvanelobiT.
amisaTvis Tanxa aris saWiro. formalurad is moklebulia saSvalebas,
rom revizia moxdes im dargSi, romelic kanoniT aqvs dakisrebuli.
CvenSi xSirad icema instruqciebi, yovel ministri movaled sTvlis
Tavs instruqcia gamosces. amas instruqcia qvia, magram arsebiTad ax­
ali kanonia da senati movale iyo darajad udges, rom es instruq­
cia ar ewinaaRmdegebodes kanons da Tu ewinaaRmdegeba, gaauqmos. am
mxriv bevri araferi gaukeTebia. amave dros unda iTqvas, srulad ar
aris pirobebi, senatma SesZlos gamoiCinos raime unari, iniciativa da
bolo mouRos im ukanonobas, romelsac qvia instruqciebis gamocema,
ar aris saSvaleba imitom, rom araviTari wesi instruqciis gamocemis
ar arsebobs. ministrebi arc ki ugzavnian senats Tavis instruqciebs.
xSirad senati maSin acxadebs instruqciis arsebobaze, roca is cx­
ovrebaSi gatarebulia.
m. arseniZe (iusticiis ministri). moqalaqeno, damfuZnebeli kre­
bis wevrno! iseT avtoritetul dawesebulebas, rogoric aris sena­
ti, Cemi dacva ar sWiria. me arc vfiqrob mis dacvas. magram aq lapa­
raki iyo ara imdenad senatsa da mis moqmedebaze, aramed imaze, Tu
rogor aviwrovebs saministro da aRmasrulebeli Zala senats da mis
moqmedebas.
me unda ganvacxado aq, rom aseT damokidebulebas aRmasrulebul
Zalisa senatisadmi adgili ara hqonia. ar yofila arc erTi dadge­
nileba da ganmarteba senatisa, romelsac aRmasrulebeli Zala ar
damorCilebodes, rogorc umaRles sasamarTlos dadgenilebas. ro­
gorc ministri, ise misi amxanagi Tu sxva – yvela emorCileba senatis
dadgenilebas, miuxedavad imisa, sworia is Tu ara.
SesaZlebelia, TviTeul amaTagans hqondes Tavisi azri senatis ama
Tu im nabijis Sesaxeb, magram erTia Tavis azris qona, da meore – mor­
Cileba senatis im dadgenilebisa, romelic mas gamoaqvs.
me SemiZlian Tamamad ganvacxado Semdegi: miuxedavad imisa, rom
dRevandel mdgomareobaSi senatis dadgenilebani xSirad unda iwve­
vden Sexla-Semoxlas, miuxedavad imisa, rom sxva dawesebulebaTa da
senatis Soris, – im kanonebis ZaliT, romelnic moqmedeben CvenSi, urT­
ierToba ar aris savsebiT gamorkveuli da xSirad erTi-meoris wi­
naaRmdeg debulebebi xvdebian – miuxedavad imisa, rom aseT niadagze
SesaZlebelia aRmocendes mravali gaugebroba – senatis dadgenilebis,
misi gadawyvetilebis gauqmebas adgili ara hqonia aravisagan.
es aris mTavari Sexeduleba, romelsac adga mTavroba Tavidanve
da dResac adgia ucvlelad.
aq amboben, rom senatis da saerTod sasamarTlos mdgomareoba
ar aris imgvari, rom yovelmxriv iyos uzrunvelyofili misi damou­
kideblobao. Seexen zogierT faqtebs da upirveles yovlisa miaqcies

435
yuradReba imas, rom senatorebs jamagirebi da is Tanxa, romelic
gadawyvetili aqvT kanoniT, eZlevaT saministrodan da ara sakuTari
kasidano.
ara mgonia, rom romelime kasidan miReba gasamrjelosi niSnavdes
daqvemdebarebas am kasaze. TviT ministrebi iReben jamagirebs samin­
istros kasidan da Tu vinmes hgonia, rom amis gamo isini kasirze arian
daqvemdebarebulni, es samwuxaro movlenad unda CaiTvalos, magram
es, rasakvirvelia, ase ar aris.
rac Seexeba senats, unda aRvniSno erTi ram: biujeti imgvarad
aris Sedgenili, rom TviTeuli paragrafi aqvs mikuTvnili ama Tu im
dawesebulebas mTlianad. xolo yvela dawesebulebas, romelic Sedis
samosamarTlo uwyebaSi, rogorc samosamarTlo palata, olqis sa­
samarTlo, samomrigeblo yriloba, senati da sxva mTlianad Seadgenen
mTeli uwyebis biujets, – iusticiis saministros biujets. sxvanai­
rad arc SeiZleboda yofiliyo. amas garda senatis SemadgenlobaSi
Sedis garda senatorebisa, saprokuroro nawilic. senatorebi, ro­
gorc viciT, damoukidebelni arian, magram prokuratura, dameTanx­
mebiT, unda emorCilebodes saministros.
cxadia, rom davadgeT b. Sengelaias princips da rom prokuroreb­
ma jamagirebi senatis kasidan aiRon, maSin isini senatorebze damok­
idebuli gaxdebian, rac kanons ewinaaRmdegeba.
magram magari is gaxlavT, rom b. l. Sengelaias sakiTxi ar Seicavs
principialur sakiTxs. ar mgonia, rom saministros kasidan jamagi­
ris miReba, raime mxriv, yofiliyos SezRuduli senatorebisTvis. Tu
iseTi azri iqneba miRebuli, rom es zRudavs romelime mxriv senatis
kompetencias, rom amiT misi dadgenileba, gankarguleba da sxva yo­
filiyos Seferxebuli, SeCerebuli – es maSin sxva sakiTxia.
magram, Tu es debuleba miviReT, maSin meorec unda miviRoT: jam­
agirebi unda mieces maT Tavis uwyebidan da, maSasadame, calke biuje­
ti dawesdes senatisTvis. magram es gamoiwvevs arev-darevas, vinaidan
biujeti eZleva uwyebas da angariSsac uwyeba adgens.
es ar qmnis araviTar damokidebulebas da unda SevxedoT fulis
miRebas ise, rogorc ubralo texnikur saqmes da ara iseT aqts, ro­
melic qmnis raime erTi nawilis iuridiul damokidebulebas meori­
sagan.
kargi, vTqvaT senati miiRebs calke biujetidan Tavis gasamrje­
los, magram palata, olqis sasamarTlo, momrigebeli sasamarTlo?
isini xom uwyebidan iReben jamagirs. maS aRar yofila SesaZlebeli
sasamarTlos damoukidebloba, aramed damokidebuli yofila sa­
samarTlo ministrisagan.
cxadia, rom jamagirebis miReba ar warmoadgens iseT princips,
rogorc zogierTebs hgoniaT.
meore braldeba iyo: senatis revizia daniSna mTavrobamo. es mar­
Talia, magram es Seefereba kanons.

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 maSin, rodesac senati ar arsebobda, jer kidev parlamentis
dros, 1919 w. 28 ianv. Cven gamoveciT kanoni, romliTac mTavrobis Tav­
mjdomares da mTavrobas ufleba miveciT yvela saxelmwifo dawese­
bulebis, dargis da adgilis reviziis daniSvnisa Tavis SexedulebiT,
e. i. visac unda imas daniSnavs sareviziod.
me maxsovs, rom maSin sakasacio instanciis movaleobis aRmas­
rulebel palatisagan erT-or reviziaze iqmnen daniSnulni palatis
wevrebi, palatis prokurori da sxv. maT, magaliTad, moaxdines q.
tfilisis miliciis revizia. Semdeg gamoica senatis debuleba, rom­
liTac senats mieca reviziis ufleba sasamarTlos uwyebaSi, danar­
CenebSi ara. rogori mdgomareoba unda Seqmniliyo kanonis mixedviT?
cxadia, rom darCa ZalaSi ufleba mTavrobis Tavmjdomarisa, rom ama
Tu im senators, rogorc gavlenian, ndobiT aRWurvil pirs, miandos
reviziis warmoeba didsa da mTavar dargSi.
aq SeiZleba gveTqva, rom senati damokidebuli xdeba mTavrobisaga­
no, magram me mgonia, es ase ar aris imitom, rom reviziis mimdinareoba
Tavisufalia mTavrobis Tavmjdomaris yoveli gankargulebisagan. is
savsebiT kanoniT ganisazRvreba.
amiT gansxvavdeba Cveni senati ruseTis senatisagan, iq revizias
niSnavda mefe, uwerda instruqciebs, usazRvravda uflebebs da Semdeg
an Seswyvetda, an gaauqmebda, rogorc mas moesurveboda.
CvenSi ar aris aseTi wesi. piriqiT, im kanonis mixedviT, romelic
gamocemulia 28 ianv., revizori damoukidebelia da mxolod kanonis
mixedviT awarmoebs saqmes, ufleba aqvs kanoniT moniWebuli, sasamarT­
loSi misces, gadaayenos Tu damnaSaveT CasTvala esa Tu is Tanamdebo­
bis piri, mosTxovos angariSi, sabuTebi, gamoiZios saqme, da sxv. ase rom
is TviT kanoniT aris aRWurvili saTanado uflebebiT, rogorc revi­
zori. mas reviziis ufleba aqvs miniWebuli ara mTavrobis mier, aramed
kanoniT, da am kanonis farglebSi moqmedebs sruliad damoukideblad.
aq ar ilaxeba arc kanoni, arc piradoba, da avtoriteti senatori­
sa. iyo 2 revizia. erTsa da meores mohyva – damnaSave pirebis datu­
saReba, samarTalSi micema, gadayeneba adgilidan, yvela ukanonobis
gamosworeba da saTanado axal kanon-proeqtis SemuSaveba.
cxadia aqedan, rom yvela senatorTa reviziis mier gamorkveulma
saqmem miiRo saTanado dakmayofileba! Tu amaSi davinaxavT senatoris
moqmedebis damcirebas, maSin ar vici ra vifiqro! b. Sengelaias gonia,
rom iseTi saSineleba mTavroba gvyavs, rom Tu mas ramdenime rigi revi­
zorebisa ar dauniSneT, verafers gavxdebiT.
me mgonia, rom erTi iseTi revizori, romelsac warmoadgens damf.
kreba, sruliad sakmarisia mTavrobisaTvis. mTavroba TviT gamosulia
am damf. krebis wiaRidan, da misi kontroli sakmarisi unda iyves
imisTvis, rom mis mier arCeul mTavrobis moqmedeba mimdinareobdes
kanonis farglebSi da Tu raime SeniSvnas miiRebs damf. krebisagan, es
sakmarisia imisTvis, rom mTavroba gadayenebul iqmnes. Tu ase ar iqna,

437
Tu SemoiReT iseTi revizia, romelic parlamentisagan xelSeuxebe­
li iqneba – maSin erT dausrulebel saarako rgols miadgebiT: bavS­
vi kiTxulobda – miwa vin Seqmna? – RmerTmao! – RmerTi viRam Seqmnao,
da ase dausrulebeli, erTi kontroliori gauwevs kontrols meores,
meore mesames, da sad iqneba saboloo instancia, romelic kontrolis
gareSe unda darCes?
Tu im azrs davadgebiT, rom yovel adamians SeuZlia, maSin rasak­
virvelia, aseTi reviziebis mTeli wyeba dagvWirdeba da mizans mainc
ver mivaRwevT.
amitom arsebobs urTierToba kanonmdeblobis, aRmasr. Zalis, da
kanonis Soris. am urTierTobaSi kanoni da aRmasrulebeli Zala erT­
maneTs ejaxeba da amnairad daculia yovelgvari samarTlianoba.
aq wamoayenes braldeba: iusticiis ministrma senatori gadaaqcia
gamomZieblad da ara revizoraTo. mas gamoZieba awarmoebieso. arc es
aris marTali. piriqiT, batonebo, revizors Tan mohyavs prokurori,
gamomZiebeli da yvela es pirebi muSaoben mis Sexedulebis Tanaxmad.
revizori aris TviTon gamomZieblis damniSvneli, is ar iRebs Tavze
gamomZieblis funqcias, aramed gamomZiebeli axdens gamoZiebas revi­
zoris brZanebis Tanaxmad.
me misayvedures piradaT, rogorc iusticiis ministrs, rom
TiTqmis me didi survili maqvs senatis kompetenciaSi SeviWre, da
amis sailustracioT moiyvanes ,,saSineli“ magaliTi. erTi magali­
Ti Seexeba imas, TiTqos samosamarTlo moRvaweTa yrilobaze erTi
prokuroris mier gamoTqmuli iyo azri, rom senatis muSaoba xel-
fexs uborkavs iusticiis ministrso. mere ra aris, rom kerZo TaT­
birze erTma mo­xelem Tavisi azri gamosTqvas ama Tu im kiTxvaze? ra
moxda mere? yvelas xom Tavisi azri aqvs? yvelas rom erTnairi azri
gamoeTqva, maSin gamovidoden aq es erebi da ityoden: iusticiis min­
istri jalaTi yofila, iseTi reJimi Seuqnia Tavis uwyebaSi, rom
arc erT moxeles ar aqvs saSualeba Tavisi sakuTari azri qondeso.
da rodesac Tavisi azri gamosTqva prokurorma maSin amboben, rom
iusticiis ministrs qonia survili, rom viRacas ufleba Seuborkeso!
am yrilobas 48 wevri daeswro da erTma maTganma sTqva, rom senatis
dRevandeli debuleba da winandeli kanoni ewinaaRmdegeba erTmaneTs
da aferxebs saqmeso. (l. Sengelaia: Tqveni molaparakeba senatis Tav­
mjdomaresTan?). me kategoriulad vacxadeb am tribunidan, rom Cven
Soris araviTar konfliqts ar qonia adgili. me Tu ar meqneba ufleba
politikuri xasiaTis molaparakeba gavmarTo Tundac senatis Tavmj­
domaresTan, maSin ar vici! diaR, Cven Soris aris molaparakeba da me
mgonia es danaSauls ar Seadgens. me velaparakebi Tavmjdomares ama
Tu im sakiTxze. is ambobs, me mgonia ase sjobs sakiTxis gadawyvetao,
me ki Cems azrs veubnebi. Cven ki ar vwyvetT sabolood sakiTxs, Cven mx­
olod azrs uziarebT erTmaneTs. Tqven ki ggoniaT: ai azri gamoTqva
kacma da ariqa ubedureba moxdao, qveyana iqcevao. ai sad aris ubed­

438
urebis saTave, wya­ro codvisao. garwmunebT es ase ar aris. am molapa­
rakebaSi irkveva winaaRmdegobani da Semdeg gamosavali gzebis Zeb­
na xdeba. rasakvirvelia, axlac aris mTeli rigi kiTxvisa, romlebic
iwveven kamaTs, Txouloben garkvevas. sxvaTa Soris im prokurorisa,
romliTac gajavrebulia Sengelaia, gancxadebas aseTi azri qonda.
im kacma dasva sakiTxi, es problema moiTxovs ganxilvas. saxeldobr,
unda iqnes gamorkveuli urTierToba sasamarTlos dawesebulebaTa,
senatsa da saministros Soris. e. i. saTanado tomni, romelsac ewode­
ba sasamarTlos dawesebulebaTa debuleba da sTqva pirvel yovlisa
amas unda gadasinjvao, da rogorc magaliTi moiyvana erTgvari wi­
naaRmdegoba senatisa da saministros moqmedebis Soris da aRniSna
saWiroeba am winaaRmdegobaTa mospobisa. me mgonia amaSi araviTari
danaSauli ar aris, ar aris survili vinmes daCagvrisa. senatis an­
gariSiT isargebla Sengelaiam da moiyvana magaliTi imisa, rom min­
istri ereva sxva da sxva mosamarTleebis saqmeSio. man daasaxela ori
magaliTi, romelzedac SeiZleba iTqvas, rom zaris xma gaigona da ar
icis sad rekeno. kargi iqneba, b. Sengelaia, Tu yvela klientebs ar
endobiTo. aq dasaxelebul iqna erTi kursebis momrigebeli mosamar­
Tle, araferi imdagvari rac Sengelaiam me momwera am mosamarTlis
Sesaxeb, iyo sruliad ubralo saqme. rogorc gaxsovT, aq Semotanili
iyo dekemberSi dekreti Sinaur nasyidobis Sesaxeb. es dekreti miRe­
bul iqna da daibeWda ki mxolod ianvris bolo ricxvebSi. amiT sarge­
blobden zogierTi spekuliantebi, aCqarden da surdaT Zveli kano­
niT esargeblaT da roca saCivari movidoda amis Sesaxeb, me avdeqi
da saCqarod gadaugzavne mosamarTleebs depeSiT teqsti dekretisa.
amiT me gavacani mosamarTles am kanonis arseboba. Tu ar iciT, gig­
zavniT da gaicaniT meTqi, SeuTvale me. meti araferi. Semdeg me ar
Cavreulvar maT saqmeebSi. zogi mosamarTle ase sWrida sakiTxs am
kanonis Tanaxmad da zogi ki ise. me valdebuli viyavi, rogorc minis­
tri es kanoni dauyonebliv mimewodebia yvela momrigebel mosamarT­
leTaTvis, Semdeg ki maTi saqme iyo, rogorc gamoiyenebden mas. (gvaza­
va: rodis Sevida ZalaSi kanoni?). dRidan miRebisa. da is ki daibeWda
mxolod ianvris bolo ricxvebSi. amitom me ufleba mqonda es kanoni,
romelic ver daibeWda droze texnikur pirobebis gamo, gamecno mo­
samarTleebisaTvis, e. i. Semeqna iseTi mdgomareoba, rom igi ara mar­
to formarulad, aramed faqtiurad Sesuliyo ZalaSi dRidan miRe­
bisa, Tu amas CaTvliT danaSaulaT _ me damnaSave var. kidev iyo erTi
magaliTi moyvanili, momrige­bel mosamarTlis daTxovnis Sesaxeb.
SeiZleba aq marTlac ar iyo yvela formaluri wesebi Sesrulebuli.
me winadadeba miveci momrigebel mosamarTles gadadgomis Sesaxeb.
(gvazava: mieciT ki?). amaze mogaxsenebT. (gvazava: raRas mogvaxsen­
eb. Tu mieci winadadeba, amis ufleba ara gqondaT?). batoni gvazava
Zlier gacxarda. is iuristi aris da unda icodes, rom jer mosmena
unda. arc ise axirebulaT gaxlavT saqme, rogorc Tqven ggoniaT, yov­

439
el SemTxvevaSi iusticiis ministrma icis, rom kanoni ar unda dair­
Rves, me ar mimicia gadaWrili winadadeba, rom gadadeqiTo. ai saqme
rogoraa. erT mosamarTlis winaaRmdeg aRmoCnda sisxlis samarTlis
saqme, Turme gamomZiebeli gamoZiebas awarmoebda mis Sesaxeb. is ki
gaparuliyo. axla ki momrigebel mosamarTleT aRmoCnda arCeuli. ai
me aseTi cnoba momivida da miveci mosamarTles, asea saqme da wina­
dadebas gaZlevT Tu moisurvebT nebiT gadadeqiT, Tu ara da me sen­
ats warudgen meTqi Tqven saqmes. man arferi ar mipasuxa Cem aseT wina­
dadebaze da me senats warudgine maTi saqme. (gvazava: es sul ­sxvaa?)
SeiZleba Tqven Cemi pirveli nabiji SecdomaT aRviaroT da TqvaT es
ase ar unda geqnaTo. SesaZlebelia ar unda meqna formalurad, ma­
gram moralurad me marTali var. me ar mindoda am sakiTxis garSemo
momxdariyo raime politikuri incindenti. me ar mindoda es sakiTxi
sajarod gamometana. mindoda ise umtkivneulod momerigebia igi. me
arafers ar vityodi am SemTxvevis Sesaxeb aq, rom b. Sengelaias ar
daesva es sakiTxi. magram Tqven es b. Sengelaia ar moisurveT? Tqveni
nebaa. da radganac gamodiT, me iZulebuli viyavi meTqva is rac vTqvi.
muqara da brZaneba ar SemiTvlia. me uTxari Tu moisurvebT gadad­
eqiT Sinauruli wesiT, Tu ara da gadavcem senats Tqven saqmes. man
ar moisurva gadadgoma aseTi Sinauruli wesiT. ar moisurva pasuxis
mocemac ki. araferi Sematyobia Tavis danaSaulis Sesaxeb. es misi ne­
baa da me misi saqme senats gadaveci.
SeiZleba me formalurad ar viyo marTali, magram vimeoreb mora­
lurad me marTali var. da roca romelime deputati gamova Cem wi­
naaRmdeg da eZebs raime danaSaulobas, ukeTesi iqneba Tu ufro magar
sabuTebs moZebnis Cem winaaRmdeg da ara aseTebs, rogoric aq esereb­
ma gamoitanes. (taSi soc.-dem skamebze. g. veSapeli. yvelas biografia
iciT?). diax, Cven yvela mosamarTleebis biografias vecnobiT, vaTva­
lierebT, risTvisac vaxdenT revizias. gvinda rac SeiZleba maRal safex­
urze iqnes dayenebuli samarTlis saqme. vRebulobT yovelive zomebs,
rom gavwmindoT sasamarTlos dawesebulebebi mavne elementebisagan,
rom veSapelebs aRar eqnes saSvaleba aq SekiTxviT Semoviden. momrige­
beli mosamarTleebis instituti axalia CvenSi. igi wminda unda iyos
xalxis TvalSi moraluri da zneobrivi mxriT. amas didi mniSvneloba
aqvs. da Cvenc vaqcevT mas yuradRebas. Semdeg eserebma aq isic sTqves,
Tqven mxolod Tqvens fraqciaSi iRebT SeniSvnebso. me erTxel da samu­
damod unda ganvacxado yvela opoziciur fraqciebis gasagonad, rom­
lebsac Zlier uyvarT am sakiTxis Sesaxeb qar-buqis dayeneba: diax, Cvens
fraqciaSi aris azrTa Sexla-Semoxla. me yovelTvis didi siamovnebiT
viReb yovelgvar SeniSvnebs politikur megobrebisagan. me politiku­
ri miRvawe var da vuwev angariSs am SeniSvnebs. Tqven Tu ggoniaT, rom
ar unda mimeRos araviTari SeniSvnao, me getyviT, rom Zlier scdebiT.
me ara var RmerTi, rom Secdoma ar momivides. SeiZleba Tqven fraqcia­
Si moipoveba mxolod aseTebi. amasTanave Cveni fraqcia monasteri xom

440
ar gaxlavT. aq aris politikuri azris duRili, Sexla-Semoxla. magram
es xels ar gviSlis gavi­ziaroT mTavrobis politikis saerTo xazi. aq
Cven yvelani erTad pasuxismgebelni varT mTavrobis saerTo politika­
Si. Tqven gindaT Zalian icodeT, aris Tu ara uTanxmoeba s.-d. fraqcia­
Si, getyviT: diax aris, magram kerZo da umniSvnelo sakiTxebSi. magram
rac Seexeba saerTo politikas, iq viziarebT mTavrobis mier aRebul
xazis siswores, im mTavrobisas, romelic pasuxismgebelia xalxis wi­
naSe Tavis moqmedebasa da muSaobaSi. (taSi s.-d. skamebze).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis baton veSapels.
gr. veSapeli (nac.-par.) batonebo, me ar minda Sevexo senatis moq­
medebas da gavarkvev, Tu ra mdgomareobaSi aris axla sasamarTlo
dawesebulebebi respublikaSi. amas momavalSiac movaswrebT. rac Se­
exeba senatis moqmedebis Sesaxeb moxsenebas, me megona ukeTesi iqnebo­
da, rom TiTon senators gaekeTebia igi. Tu goniaT, rom damf. krebaSi
senatis wevrebs ara aqvT ufleba gamosvlisao, es ar Seefereba damf.
krebis muSaobis saerTo xasiaTs, vinaidan Cven gvaqvs warsulSi imis
precendentebi, rom damf. krebis tribunaze gamodioda rkinis gzis
departamentis an fosta-telegrafis ufrosi direqtori da gamge.
me mgonia damf. krebis mier arCeul senats, rogorc gansakuTebul
organos, ufleba qonda Tavisi warmomadgenlis piriT gaekeTebia mox­
seneba senatis moqmedebis Sesaxeb. (xmauria skamebze).
gadaval senatis moxsenebaSi agrarul sakiTxebze. yvelaze ufro
saintereso sakiTxi aris ara is, Tu ramdeni sakasacio saCivari gaarCia
senatma, aramed is Tu risi ufleba aqvs: saxeldobr sainteresoa misi
reviziis uflebis gaTvaliswineba.
senati Tavis moxsenebaSi ambobs, rom mTavrobis Tavmjdomarem
mas daavala da moaxdina kidec revizia axalcixis sasamarTlosa da
marTva-gamgeobis dawesebulebaTao. am reviziis Sesaxeb minda vsTqva,
rom axalcixis revizia iyo, samwuxarod, metad Cqara, rom igi gagr­
Zelebuliyo ramdenime dRiT, kidev ufro met masalas iSovnida sare­
vizio komisia axalcixis marTva-gamgeobis Sesaxeb.
raica Seexeba axalqalaqis mazris revizias, samwuxarod es davale­
buli revizia senatma ver moaxdina da amis mizezad senati ugzoobas
sTvlida. me mgonia es ar iyo yovel SemTxvevaSi iseTi mizezi, rom sen­
ats ar SesZleboda axalcixidan axalqalaqSi gamgzavreba. (replika:
romeli maJori iyo!). Cven senatis Sesaxeb miCveuli varT metis pativ­
iscemiT laparaks. revizia ufro saWiro iyo axalqalaqis mazraSi, ro­
gorc ganapira mazraSi, sadac uaresi mdgomareobaa, vidre axalcixis
mazraSi. Tavis-Tavad cxadia, rom axalqalaqis mazraSi ufro saWiro
iyo reviziis moxdena, vidre axalcixisaSi. magram revizia am erT
mazraSi ar moxda da sul CaiSala. es usaTuod aranormalur faqts
warmoadgens. me survils gamovsTqvam, rom senatorma es dakisrebuli
davaleba Seasrulos. me windawin gaZlevT sityvas, rom iq meti masala
iqneba, vidre axalcixeSi. saerTod aseTi revizia unda moxdes yvela

441
ganapira mazrebSi. rasakvirvelia, yvela mazrebSi rom xdebodes revi­
zia, es ukeTesi iqneboda.
aris aRsaniSnavi erTi movlena, is, rom administracia cxovrobs
ara jamagiriT, aramed qrTamiT. es imitom, rom jamagirs droze ar
iReben. iweren sagangebo gamogzavnili rwmunebulebiT, magram xandax­
an es gamogzavnili ikargeba. amiT aixsneba erTi mxriT is, rom meqr­
Tameoba Zalian aris gavrcelebuli ganapira mazrebSi. ai, magaliTad,
borCalos mazraSi, Tamamad SeiZleba iTqvas, administracia qrTamiT
cxovrobs.
exla me minda Sevexo am reviziis uflebriv mxares.
mTavrobis Tavmjdomares dauvalebelia senatorisTvis reviziis
moxdena. formalurad es kargi saqmea. magram Cven viciT, rom garda
imisa, rac kanonSi sweria, sxva wyaroebic aris saxelmZRvanelo. amaT
cxovreba hqmnis. asea magaliTad inglisSi, sadac cxovrebis moTxov­
nilebaTa da kanonis Soris ar aris antagonizmi.
senati ambobs, rom senatis debulebiT mas aqvs deklaratiuli
ufleba Tval-yuri adevnos kanonis Sesrulebas. xolo rac Seexeba re­
viziis moxdenas, senati ambobs, rom kanoniT mas aqvs aseTi reviziis
moxdenis ufleba mxolod sasamarTlo dawesebulebaSio. aq ar aris
naTqvami araferi calke marTva-gamgeobis reviziis Sesaxeb. pirveli
muxli debulebisa senats aZlevs saSualebas, rom gamonaxos saSuale­
ba amis praqtikaSi gansaxorcieleblad. Tavis-Tavad cxadia, rom re­
vizia aris erTad-erTi saSualeba, rom kanoni dacul iqnes. meores
mxriv, Tu am loRikur gzas airCevs senati da moiTxovs, rom revizia
dainiSnos marTva-gamgeobisa, maSin aseTi metis-meti formalistoba
unda dainaxos Seusabamod. mTavrobis Tavmjdomarem daakisra sen­
ats reviziis moxdena: aseTi ufleba senats aqvs. maS ratom ar dad­
ga sakiTxi, rodesac es ufleba senats aqvs da amave dros mTavrobis
Tavmjdomare akisrebs, avalebs mas reviziis moxdenas, aRmasrulebel
Zalis warmomadgenels aqvs Tu ara amis ufleba? es aris avtonomiuri
Sinagani funqcia senatis. maSasadame mas davaleba ar unda sWirde­
bodes. ra mniSvneloba aqvs am reviziebis moxdenas im wesiT, rogoric
aris miRebuli. b. Sengelaia Seexo am sakiTxs da mec minda aRvniSno
rogor aris praqtikaSi.
mTavrobis Tavmjdomare aZlevs senats mets uflebas, vidre es
aris kanonSi. am saqmes aqvs kolegialuri xasiaTi da Tqven angariSs
gauwevT am sakiTxs. ra mniSvneloba aqvs am sakiTxs? mTavrobam mian­
do senats reviziis moxdena. senatori axdens revizias da im gad­
awyvetilebas, romelic gamoaqvs da Sedegs reviziisas udgens senats,
es aris senatis saqme. magram ase moxda? – ara! axla senatma gadasca
sagangebo mondobilobiT masalebi mTavrobis Tavmjdomares. da mTav­
robis Tavmjdomare, ar vici, ratom im gzas ar daadga axlac, rogorc
maSin reviziis uflebas aZlevda senats, aZlevda jer maqsimums da
mere ki gamovida minimumi.

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 es pirveli momentia, romelSiac Cveni senati iyo pasiuri, qarTu­
lad umoqmedo. senati aris pasiuri ara marto Tavis muSaobis mixed­
viTac. am sakiTxs Seexo Sengelaia da me mxolod minda gamovarkvio
erTi mxare, es aris instruqciebis gacema. ra mniSvneloba aqvs in­
struqcias, es TqvenTvis cxadi unda iyves. xandaxan instruqcias ufro
meti mniSvneloba aqvs, vidre kanons. senats aqvs ufleba instruqciis
gamocemisa. ra gaakeTa senatma? araferi. (dadiani: ramdenjerme sTxo­
va!) senats bevri saqmeebi aqvs. me Sevexebi mxolod SedarebiT zogierT
mniSvnelovan uflebebs. ra nabiji gadadga senatma? ra zomebi miiRo,
rom kanoni ganxorcielebuliyo cxovrebaSi? ra nabiji gadadga am
mxriv? arc formalurad da arc oficialurad araviTari nabiji ar
gvinaxavs iseTi, rom SegveZlo gveTqva, rom senatma miiRo zomebi, rom
is uflebas faqtad aqcevso. am uflebis gadaqceva faqtad niSnavs imas,
rom senati iqneba namdvili meTvalyure yvela kanonis sisworiT ga­
tarebisa. rac Seexeba Cvens aRmasrulebel Zalis muSaobas da senatis
damokidebulebas, senatma es saqme ver gaakeTa da Tu gaakeTa, yovel
SemTxvevaSi amis Sedegi ara sCans. Cveni senati ara marto kanoniT, ar­
amed TiTonac pasiuri kolegia aris da aseTi azric arsebobs, rom igi
bolos da bolos mxolod sakasacio dawesebulebas warmoadgenso.
daskvnisaTvis jafariZem cota sazeimo xasiaTi misca senatis da­
fasebas da sTqva, Tu aqamdis kargi iyo, SemdegSiac ufro kargi iqnebao.
es saaplodismento dafasebaa. me vambob, rom senatis kolegia TavSi
ufro magari da momqmedi kolegia iyo, vidre dRes. dRes senati ga­
daiqca mTavrobis Tavmjdomaris sagangebo mindobilobis moxeleebaT
(niniZe: eg ar uTqvams!) me vambob, rom xSirad ar xdeba senatis sxdome­
bi, imitom rom departamentis kvorumi ar aris, radganac senatorebi
dagzavnili arian mTavrobis Tavmjdomaris mier (xmauroba.) sxvadasx­
va mindobilobaTa gamo. (niniZe: es senatis kompetenciaa!) me rogorc
damf. krebis deputats ar SemiZlia vilaparako amis Sesaxeb. (niniZe: es
zRaparia!). es zRaparia? (niniZe: agre nu daamcirebT senats!). me wina­
dac miTqvams, idealurad arafers vTvli, gansakuTrebiT Tqvens xel­
Si, miT ufro senats. araviTar avtoritetiT mosili ar aris senati
da arc erTi sxva dawesebuleba Tqveni xelis mier Seqmnili – ar aris
avtoritetiT mosili. mxolod unda vTqva: senati aris erTis mxriv
sakasacio dawesebuleba da meore mxriv „чиновникъ особыхъ порученiй“.
(rusia: Tqveni ar aris senatSi?). Cveni mimarTulebis erTi aravin aris
(sicili) Tqven senati SeadgineT sxva partiebTan SeTaxmebiT vaWrobac
ki gamarTeT, ise rom am mxriv, rogorc erTi fraqciis warmomadgeneli
sruliad Tavisufali var, imitom rom arc erTi Cemi amxanagi senatSi
ar aris. (l. naTaZe: simarTlisagan Tavisufali Tu xarT?) rasac vam­
bob is simarTle aris. senati aris partiul SeTanxmebiT Sedgenili.
yovel partias romelsac qonda maSin gavlena, Tqven mieciT adgili...
Tavmjdomare. b. oratoro, gTxovT ilaparakoT senatis moqmedeba­
ze da ara partiul SeTanxmebaze.

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 veSapeli. dasasrul.. (naTaZe: daamtkiceT, rom socialistebi ar
varganan senatorebad). magas damtkiceba ar unda. dasasrul Tu damf.
krebis umravlesobis fraqcia did mniSvnelobas aZlevs senatis muSao­
bas, me mgonia konkretiuli daskvna unda gaakeTos, saerTo nabiji ga­
dadgas im moxsenebis gamo, romelic warmodgenilia.
moxsenebaSi, romelic Cven warmogvidgina senatma, aris Suamd­
gomloba senatisa da damfuZnebel krebis winaSe, yuradReba miaqcios
ukanasknelma im garemoebas, rom senats ar aqvs is ufleba, romelic
mas unda hqondes. da senati sakanonmdeblo gziT moiTxovs am uflebis
miniWebas. Tu Tqven xarT gulwrfeli damcvelni senatis uflebebisa,
rogorc warmomadgenelni soc.-demokratiul fraqciisa, imedi maqvs
ganaxorcielebT mokle xanSi senatis moTxovnilebas da mianiWebT im
uflebas, romelic mas gaxdis im organoT, rogoric unda iyos sena­
ti. radganac momxsenebeli gamodis iuridiul komisiis saxeliT, me
mikvirs, iuridiuli komisia, rogorc avtori yovelgvar kanonebisa,
ratom araviTar konkretiul nabijebs ar gadadgams amis Sesaxeb da
Tu aqamdis ara, ratom amasTan erTad ar warmoadgina kanon-proeqti
imisa, rasac senati Txoulobs? es SeiZleba TqvenTvis principialu­
ri sakiTxi ar aris, magram Tu es marTla praqtikuli mizezis brali
iyo, imedia amas mokle xanSi ganaxorcielebT. amisTvis saWiro iqneba
damfuZnebel krebis dadgenileba. Tu gamoitanT dadgenilebas, rom
daevalos iusticiis ministrs kanon-proeqti warmoadginos reviziis
uflebis miniWebisa, ise, rogorc amas Suamdgomlobs senati, maSin
Tqven iqnebiT namdvili da gulwrfeli damcveli senatisa. Tu ara ma­
Sin cxadia senati TqvenTvis aris iseTive Sinauri dawesebuleba, ro­
gorc sxva dawesebulebebi.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis senatis Tavmjdomaris amxnags b-n
jafariZes.
iv. jafariZe. senatis Tavmjdomaris amxanagi. samwuxarod me ar
SemiZlia saganze vilaparako, radganac amis ufleba ara maqvs, mxolod
SemiZlia ramdenime sityva mogaxsenoT. aq iyo laparaki reviziis Ses­
axeb. momxsenebeli xazs usvams imas, rom ar xdeboda xSiri reviziao.
mogexsenebaT, rom 2 Tvis ganmavlobaSi axal dawesebulebis mowyoba
arc ase advilia. senatorTa ricxvi arc ise didia, rogoric es ruseT­
Si iyo. sul TavmjdomaresTan erTad 15 kacia. teritoria ki metad
didia. senatorebi, rom revizorebaT wasuliyven, Cven maSin aq saqmis
warmoeba unda SegveCerebina. saWiro iyo mTeli ricxvi senatorebisa,
rom Sesdgomoden Tavis pirdapir movaleobis aRsrulebas. es erTi.
– meore Tqven kargaT mogexsenebaT, rom Zvelis dangrevis Semdeg axa­
li sasamarTlos aSenebis, arCevnebis saqmes dro sWiria da nu Tu am
dros reviziis moxdena SeiZleboda? revizia maSin SeiZleba, rodesac
masala dagrovdeba da vidre saorganizacio muSaoba ar damTavrebu­
liyos, senatma msjelobis Semdeg gadaswyvita reviziorobisTvis ar
moendomebina es dro. es imitom, rom am dros ganmavlobaSi dagrovde­

444
boda erTgvari masala, rom Semdeg momxdariyo revizia. moxda erTi
revizia axalcixis mazraSi. unda momxdariyo axalqalaqis mazraSi. me
mgonia swori cnoba ar aqvs veSapels. mTavrobis Tavmjdomaris mier
axalcixis mazraSi me viyavi gagzavnili, axalqalaqis mazra senatma me
momando. magram im dros Camovarda didi Tovli da wasvla ar SeiZle­
boda. rac Seexeba mTavrobis mindobilobiT sasamarTlos dawesebule­
baTa revizias, amaze senatma ukve gasca pasuxi. rodesac me movaxdine
revizia axalcixis mazraSi me mqonda sagangebo davaleba senatisa mo­
mexdina sasamarTlos dawesebulebis revizia. am mxriv mTavrobis am
saqmeSi Careva ar momxdara. aq iyo naTqvami pasiobaze, ver gavige raSi
gamoixata pasiuroba. mxolod minda mas Sevexo mokled. Tu pasioba
imaSi gamoixata, rom senati ar aqcevs yuradRebas, rom sxva da sxva
instruqciebi gamodis da senati amas ar exeba, Tu ki SeiZleba senats
dasdos amaSi brali, am brals ukan ubrunebT. ara erTxel da orjer
mimarTa senatma ama Tu im saministros, rom Tanaxmad senatis debulebi­
sa, dauyonebliv, rogorc ki instruqcia gamoicema, ecnobos es senats.
magram gulaxdilad mogaxsenebT, rom iyo SemTxveva rodesac miwad-­
moqmedebis ministrma Seasrula es senatis moTxovnileba, isic mxolod
dagvianebiT moTxovnis Semdeg. am bolo dros senati adga im gzas, rom
Tu am gvar movlenebs eqneba adgili da ar miiRes mxedvelobaSi es moT­
xovnileba senatisa, maSin senati sastik zomebs miiRebs, rogorc amas
senatis debuleba moiTxovs. me bodiSs vixdi da ar vici maqvs ufleba
Tu ara, rom amis Sesaxeb vilaparako, magram unda ganvacxado. aq depu­
tatma veSapelma ilaparaka, rom senati gadaiqca mTavrobis Tavmjdom­
aris sagangebo mindobilobis moxeleTo. es siyalbea da sinamdviles
ar Seefereba. mTavrobis Tavmjdomaris mier mxolod ori revizia iyo
daniSnuli, pirvel reviziaSi me viyavi, meoreSi ki b. qiqoZe. am dan­
iSnulebis qaRaldSi aRniSnuli iyo Tanaxmad ivnisis 39 kanonisa, rom
geZlevaT esa da es uflebebi, romlebic miRebulia damfuZnebel kre­
bis miero. am rwmunebis qaRaldis miRebis Semdeg reviziis saqmeSi ar
Carevia arc mTavrobis Tavmjdomare da arc erTi mTavrobis wevri,
(xma: reviziis Sedegi vis gadaeca?) saubedurod polemikis ufleba ara
maqvs, magram Sesaxebac mogaxsenebT: rodesac am kanoniT vismes aniWeben
uflebas daniSnos yovel gvari revizia, aSkaraa reviziis Semdeg unda
gadaeces mas vinc gagzavna da daakisra es revizia, ase mesmis me, da ase
esmoda Cems amxanagsac. erTi rames ki minda mivaqcio yuradReba: aq iyo
Tqmuli da es sawyenad mimaCnia rogorc senatoris wevrs, TiTqos sena­
ti eqvemdebarebodes iusticiis ministrs. jer amnairi SemTxveva ar
yofila da SemdegSi SeiZleba moxdes, magram winaswar amis SiSi zed­
metia, da kidevac es, rom moxdes, senats kargad esmis Tavis ufleba, da
aravis ar miscems nebas, rom mis Zala uflebas Seexos.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b-on momxsenebels sergo jafariZes.
sergo jafariZe (s.-d.) batonma veSapelma sxvaTa Soris wamoayena
formaluri sakiTxi, Tu ratom senatis warmomadgenelma ar gaakeTa

445
moxsenebao. es sakiTxi SeiZleba daisvas, magram vfiqrobT, rom sena­
tis angariSma unda gaiaros Cveulebrivi gza. is gadaecema saTanado
komisias, romelic aqcevs yuradRebas ara marto Sinaarss, aramed
gaukeTebs Tavis daskvnasac da am saxiT warudgens damfuZnebel krebas.
amitom Cven vfiqrobT, rom momxsenebeli unda iyos damfuZnebel kre­
bis wevri, mxolod eWvs gareSea, rom senats sakiTxis ganmartebis
ufleba unda misces.
batonma leo Sengelaiam warmosTqva ramdenime sayuradRebo mo­
sazreba, romelic mmarTvel partiis yuradRebas unda iqcevdes. es
sakiTxi sxvaTa Soris Seexeba senatis ukidures mdgomareobas qone­
brivi mxriT. is azri TiTqos senati abuCad miaCnia mmarTvel partias,
aSkarad usafuZvloa. Tu mmarTvel partias ar surda senatis daarse­
ba da ar swamda misi didi movaleoba, igi arc daaarsebda mas. ityoda:
„dRes revoliuciis procesia da am revoliuciis procesSi kanonebze
laparaki zedmetiao da, maSasadame, senatic zedmetiao“. aseTi lo­
zungi marTlac gaisma, magram es ar gaiziara umravlesobam da senati
daarsda, maSasadame amaze laparaks niadagi ar aqvs. (Sengelaia: saqmiT
daamtkiceT!) vamtkicebT imiT, rom Cven ufro pativiscemiT vepyrobiT
senats, vidre Tqven da veSapelic, romelic Tumca gvarwmunebs sen­
ats pativiscemiT vepyrobio, magram mis mier moyvanil sityvebidan
es pativiscema aRara sCans. veSapeli brZanebs: „senatori pasiuri ga­
modga am mxriv, rom miuxedavad imisa, rom senats debulebiT ufleba
aqvs revizia moaxdinos yvela dawesebulebaSi, man pasioba gamoiCi­
na da uari sTqva am uflebazeo“. veSapels ver gaexsenebia Cveni sena­
tis debulebis istoria, is, ueWvelia, ityoda imas, rac iq xazgasmiT
aris aRniSnuli, sadac aris naTqvami, rom senats ufleba aqvs revizia
gaukeTos sasamarTlo uwyebas da mis yvela danarCen dawesebulebaso.
marto is faqti, rom aq aris naxsenebi sasamarTlo uwyeba, amt­
kicebs rom mas sxva dargis reviziis ufleba ara aqvs. kidev meti,
proeqtSi es iyo moyvanili, magram damfuZnebelma krebam SeuZleb­
lad scno am uflebis micema, maSasadame Tu senatma uari sTqva, samar­
Tlianad moiqca da aq misi pasivoba ar gamoixateba. agreTve ar aris
marTali is azri, TiTqos senatis SemadgenlobaSi garda soc.-demok.
mimarTulebisa sxva aravin Sediodes. piriqiT Cven avirCieT isini
vinc am saqmisaTvis momzadebulad vscnobdiT, miuxedavad imisa Tu ra
partias ekuTvnoden isini. iq arian nacional-demokratebi, eserebi,
da veSapelis partiis warmomadgeneli Tu Rirseuli adamiani aRmoCn­
deba, uars arc masze vityviT. aq minda sakiTxi qonebriv gaumjobese­
basac daukavSiro. me maqvs safuZveli ganvacxado, rom mmarTvel
partiis mier ukve dasmulia sakiTxi da axlo momavalSi gadawyveti­
li iqneba, rom senatorebis mdgomareoba gaumjobesdes, rogorc gam­
onaklisi – es erTi.
meore – reviziis Sesaxeb: mogaxsenebT, rom senats maSin sxvada­
sxva reviziis ufleba ar qonda. exla amas yuradRebas aqcevs senati

446
da SeiZleba gadaSinjul iqmnes es sakiTxi da uaxloes droSi dais­
vas igi. mTavrobac am mxriv ndobas ucxadebs senats da amtkicebs,
rom igi avtoritetuli dawesebulebaa. am mxriv usafuZvloa is say­
veduri, TiTqos mTavrobas, an calke saministros undodes damcire­
ba senatis avtoritetisa. me sruliad miuReblad mimaCnia saerTo
debuleba Sengelaiasi, TiTqos Cveni senati da saerTod sasamarTlo
ar aris damoukidebelio. am faqtebis mixedviT, romliTac Sengelaia
gvarwmunebs TiTqos viRaca cdilobs SezRudos senatis ufleba, igi
ar aris marTali. imis Tqma, rom senati aris vismesgan damokidebuli,
SeuZlebelia. rom Sengelaias mier wamoyenebul braldebas safuZve­
li aklia, amaSi damfuZnebeli kreba damerwmuneba, sxvaTa Soris ius­
ticiis ministris sityvidgan me minda mxolod mogaxsenoT ramdenime
faqti. es gaxlavT magaliTad suramis saqme, Tqven mier moyvanili.
senatma gaauqma suramis qalaqis Tavis gankarguleba. kanon-proeqtis
ZaliT yoveli ganaCeni, romelic Seexeba romelime TviTmmarTvelobis
organos moqmedebas, unda ecnobos imave organos asasruleblad, sxva
gza asrulebisa ar arsebobs. maSasadame saxazino organos an qala­qis
TviTmmarTvelobis gadawyvetileba, rom gauqmebul iqmnas, es gad­
awyvetileba unda ecnobos TviT am organos da iq „sudebni pristavs“
da sxvebis Careva ar SeiZleba. magram moxda ai ra: sanam suramis TviT­
mmarTvelobas ecnobeboda senatis dadgenileba, mTavrobis Tavmj­
domarem Tu Sinagan-saqmeTa saministrom acnoba suramis qalaqis Tavs:
senatis dadgenileba sisruleSi moiyvaneo, amiT mas senati ki ar dau­
marcxebia, piriqiT, sanam Cveulebriv gzas gaivlida es dadgenileba,
manam mTavrobam moisurva misi sisruleSi moyvana. (rusia: gageba unda
magas?). me ar mimaCnia saWirod sxva faqtebze SevCerde, radganac maT
Sesaxeb pasuxi da ganmarteba ukve misca damf. krebas iusticiis minis­
trma. araviTari faqti amisa, rom sasamarTlos romelime organo da
kerZoT senati damokidebuli iyos vismeze, aq ar mouyvaniaT. da aseTi
azris gamoTqma aq me uadgilod mimaCnia.
Tavmjdomare. am moxsenebis Sesaxeb soc.-dem. fraqciidan Semdegi
winadadeba aris Semotanili: „moismina ra senatis 1919 wlis angari­
Si, damfuZnebeli kreba gamosTqvams kmayofilebas senatis moqmedebis
gamo da gadadis morig sakiTxebze“. aris Tu ara sxva winadadeba? ar
aris. vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. Tavi vin Seikava? Tavi Seikava ve­
Sapelma. miRebulia. winadadeba gaxlavT aseTi, rom Semdegi sxdoma
dainiSnos samSabaTs. (xmebi: ratom? l. Sengelaia: menSevikebis siezdi
aris daniSnuli). vis surs sityva? sityva b. nucubiZes ekuTvnis.
i. nucubiZe (s.-r.). Semdegi sxdoma unda moxdes paraskevs, imitom
rom dRiur wesrigSi aris iseTi sakiTxi, romelic saswrafod aris aR­
iarebuli. SekiTxva aucileblad unda iqnes ganxiluli paraskevs.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. Tevzaias.
v. Tevzaia (s.-d.). batonebo, is kiTxva, romelic Cven davsviT Tqvenc
unda miiRoT imitom, rom deputatebis didi nawili provinciaSi

447
miemgzavreba, bevri ki frontzea, ase rom maT ar eqnebaT saSualeba
daeswron sxdomas. rac Seexeba baton nucubiZis mosazrebas, is ar aris
misaRebi. SekiTxvis gadadeba SeiZleba, amiT qveyana ar daiqceva. Cven
vTxoulobT gadadebas.
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winadadebis winaaaRmdegi? winadadeba
miRebulia. gTxovT moisminoT Semdegi dRis wesrigi.
mdivani. (kiTxulobs Semdegi sxdomis dRiur wesrigs).
Tavmjdomare. oriode sityva unda mogaxsenoT ganmartebisTvis.
aq nucubiZem ganacxada, rom reglamentis ZaliT es SekiTxva dResve
unda ganxiluliyovo. unda mogaxsenoT prezidiumis saxeliT, rom
erTxel da samudamod unda gaecnoT reglaments. sxdomis daxurvamde
SekiTxvis teqsti unda wakiTxul iqnes da maSin sityva eZleva mas, vinc
icavs siswrafes da mere mowinaaRmdeges. roca me mogaxseneT, rom sami
saaTi sruldebao, maSin Tqven aq brZandebodiT da unda SemogetanaT
es sakiTxi. magram Tqven es ar inebeT da rodesac nucubiZe acxadebs,
rom reglamenti darRveuli ar ariso, es sinamdviles ar Seefereba. ai
is, risi gancxadebac mindoda. sxdomas daxurulad vacxadeb.
sxdoma 4 s. 50 w. ixureba.

448
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

ocdameore sxdoma

(22)

1920 weli. ivnisis 8. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. saboloo teqstebi.
2. arCevnebi saxelmwifo bankis mmarTvelis amxanagisa da gamgeobis
wevrTa.
3. dekreti – gasatan saqonelze droebiTi baJis SemoRebisa.
4. dekreti – saxelmwifo qaRaldebis dammzadebeli eqspediciis
axal binaze gadatanisa da am binis gadakeTebisaTvis 5.080.354 man. da
73 kap. gadadebisa.
5. SekiTxva – social-revoliuc. fraqciis mTavrobisadmi emisiis
uflebis darRvevis Sesaxeb.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris ufrosi am­

xanagi
al. lomTaTiZe
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivani k. jafariZe.
prezidiumSi arian:
eqvT. TayaiSvili.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
sxdoma iwyeba SuadRis 12 saaT. da 2 wuTze.
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas gaxsnilad vacxadeb. mdivani mogaxsenebT
komisiebSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtis nusxas da dRiur wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs):

449
 komisiebSi gadasacemi kanon-proeqtebi:

1. finansTa da vaWroba-mrewvelobis ministris kanon-proeqti mad­

neulobis saxelmwifo sakuTrebad gamocxadebisa.

dRis wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti kanonisa – saqarTvelos saxelmwifo bankis

Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia iv.
gomarTeli.
2. saboloo teqsti kanonisa – samxedro mfrinavTaTvis haerSi fre­
nisaTvis gasamrjelos micemis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
3. saboloo teqsti kanonisa – mevenaxeobis da meRvineobis tfili­
sis da quTaisis sagubernio komitetebis gauqmebisa da aRaianis, kon­
dolis da Cumlayis sanergeebis erobaTaTvis gadacemis Sesaxeb.
4. saboloo teqsti kanonisa – miwad-moqmedebis saministros dawe­
sebulebaTa Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia iv.
gomarTeli.
5. saboloo teqsti kanonisa – sasamarTlos dawesebulebaTa de­
bulebis 206 da 406 muxlis Secvlis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia iv. gomar­
Teli.
6. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – jaSuSobasTan
sabrZolvelad damzveravi nawilis Tanamdebobis pirTaTvis saga­
momZieblo funqciebis miniWebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia s. jafariZe.
7. saqarTvelos saxelmwifo bankis mmarTvelis amxanagisa da gamge­
obis wevris Tanamdebobaze damtkiceba. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
8. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – samxedro uwyebis
Statis damatebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia s. mdivani.
9. dekreti – gasatan saqonelze droebiTi baJis SemoRebisa. momx­
senebelia d. oniaSvili.
10. dekreti – saxelmwifo qaRaldis dammzadebel eqspediciis axal
binaze gadatanisa da am binis droebiTi baJis SemoRebisa. momxsenebe­
lia d. oniaSvili.
11. socialist-revol. fraqciis mTavrobisadmi SekiTxva – emisiis
uflebis darRvevis Sesaxeb.
Tavmjdomare. Cven mogvivida iusticiis saministrosagan gancxade­
ba, romelSiac igi iTxovs daubrundes mas kanon-proeqti jaSuSobasTan
sabrZolvelad damzverav nawilis Tanamdebobis pirTaTvis sagamomZie­
blo funqciebis miniWebis Sesaxeb, misi detalurad SemuSavebisaTvis.
kanon-proeqtis ukan dabrunebis ufleba aqvs uwyebas. dRiuri wesri­
gis gamo sityvas xom aravin inebebs? sityva b. il. nucubiZes ekuTvnis.
i. nucubiZe. b-bo, me winadadeba Semomaqvs, rom soc.-revoli­
ucionerTa fraqciis SekiTxva mTavrobisadmi ganxilul iqnes pirvel
rigSi, radganac igi uaRresad saswrafo aris. (Tevzaia: didi siam­

450
ovnebiT!) fulebi ibeWdeba aralegalurad, aralegaluradve ixarjeba.
es Cemis azriT didi sakiTxia respublikisaTvis da amitom saswrafoa.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? sityva b. Tevzaias ekuTvnis.
b. Tevzaia. me mesmis azri im winadadebisa, romelic eserebis war­
momadgenelma Semoitana. darCa 1 saaTi da Cven SegviZlia davrCeT saR­
amomdec da ar mesmis 1 saaTiT rom dagviandes ra mouva?
Tavmjdomare. ukacravad, ganmarteba unda. albaT dep. Tevzaias
saxeSi aqvs damfuZn. krebis dadgenileba, romelic paraskevis sxdomas
Seexeba. Tqven, albad dadgenileba dagaviwydaT. rodis gairCes, sab­
oloo teqstebis win Tu Semdeg? vin aris momxre saboloo teqstebis
Semdeg ganxilvisa? maS SekiTxva Cveulebrivi wesiT iqneba ganxiluli.
damfuZnebeli krebis wevrma uari ganacxada wevrobaze. mis alags dai­
Wers batoni JRenti.
saboloo teqstebis mosaxseneblad sityva gomarTels ekuTvnis.
i. gomarTeli. (s.-d.) kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs 1, 2, 3, 4, da 5 mux­
lSi aRniSnul sakanonmdeblo aqtebis saboloo teqstebs romelTac
damf. kreba ucvlelad iRebs.

1. arCevnebi saxelmwifo bankis mmarTvelis

amxanagis da gamgeobis wevris Tanamdebobaze
dasaxelebuli kandidatebisa.

Tavmjdomare. saxelmwifo bankis wesdebis me-44 muxlis ZaliT,

saxelmwifo bankis mmarTvels ufleba aqvs waradginos kandidate­
bi mmarTvelis amxanagisa da gamgeobis wevris TanamdebobisaTvis,
romelnic damfuZnebel krebam unda daamtkicos. bankis mmarTvelis
amxanagad dasaxelebulia raJden dumbaZe da gamgeobis wevrad iason
menabde. sityva imnaiSvils ekuTvnis.
n. imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) dasaxelebuli pirebis kandidatura ganixila
sabiujeto-safinanso komisiam sarekomendacio komisiasTan erTad da
es kandidatebi misaRebad aRiara. komisiebis azriT erTs maTgans aqvs
20 wlis sabanko praqtika, meores 15 wlis. amitom safinanso da sare­
komendacio komisia Suamdgomlobs maTs damtkicebas.
Tavmjdomare. kenWs uyri. vinc amtkicebs dumbaZes sabWos Tavmj­
domared, gTxovT xeli aswioT. erTxmad. menabde arCeulia erTxmad
gamgeobis wevrad. sityva b. mdivans ekuTvnis. ar aris. sityva ekuTvnis
b. oniaSvils.

2. dekreti gasatan saqonelze droebiTi baJebis SemoRebisa.

d. oniaSvili. (s.-d.) dekreti sazRvar-gared gasatani saqonlis ba­

Jebis tarifis gadidebis Sesaxeb.

451
 arsebuli sabaJo tarifi, romliTac dRes xelmZRvanelobs saqa­
rTvelos respublikis mTavroba, dawesebulia Zveli ruseTis impe­
riaSi da Seefereba Zvel mdgomareobas da cxovrebis Zvel pirobebs.
umetesad Zvelad gasatan saqonelze baJebi ar arsebobda da Tu ar­
sebobda, Zalian cota. mogexsenebaT Zvelad saqonlis raodenoba ise­
Ti iyo, rom yvela saxelmwifo da mTavroba scdilobda Seeqmna iseTi
pirobebi, rom saerTaSoriso bazarze konkurenciis ZaliT daemarcx­
ebina meore saxelmwifo. amis gamo mTavroba cdilobda Seeqmna saWiro
pirobebi da xSirad ara Tu aTavisuflebden am saqonels baJebisagan,
aramed premiasac uniSnavden saqonlis gatanisaTvis. omis da revoli­
uciis dros pirobebi Seicvala, Seicvala saqonlis raodenobac da
gamoica ukiduresi gankarguleba saqonlis gatanis winaaRmdeg mimar­
Tuli. magram miuxedavad am zomebis miRebisa, spekuliantebi mainc
cdiloben gaitanon saqoneli. amitom saxelmwifo cdilobs gasatan
saqonelze baJi daawesos. Tu es baJebi iqneba gatarebuli cxovreba­
Si, weliwadSi naxevari miliardi man. iqneba Semosavali, ise rom fi­
nansiurad es dadebiTi movlena aris. am dekrets aqvs nusxa. zogadi
msjelobis dros aRvniSnav, rom is saqonlebi, romelsac aqvs pirve­
li moTxovnilebis xasiaTi, akrZalulia gasatanad, mag. puri, qeri da
sxva amgvari. akrZalulia samonopolio saqonlis gatanac. rac Seex­
eba im saqonels da sagnebs, romelic modis saqarTveloSi, an swar­
moebs adgilobriv, imaTze ar arsebobs baJi. SeiZleba maTi ubaJod
gatana. oqro-vercxlis gatana sazRvar-gared Zalze SezRudulia.
1 muxli aris kidev, romelsac unda mieqces yuradReba. finansTa da
vaWroba-­mrewvelobis ministrs ufleba eZleva is nusxa, romelic ax­
lavs am dekrets, Sescvalos, an akrZalos gasatani sagnebi an baJebi
Seamciros. saqme imaSia, rom pirobebi ise icvleba, rom SesaZloa
Seiqmnes mdgomareoba, rom es baJebi ar gamodges; amitom mTavrobas
eZleva ufleba gamoitanos iseTi dadgenileba, rom es baJebi sruli­
ad Sescvalos. ai is garemoeba, rom es mTavrobis dadgenilebiT xdeba,
aris garantia imisa, rom finansTa uwyeba Secdomas ar Caidens. es mox­
deba maSin, rodesac amas moiTxovs saxelmwifos interesi. ai yvela is,
risic Tqma saWiro iyo am kanonis Sesaxeb.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva muxlobrivi ganxilvisaTvis, ara­
vis. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze, (muxlobrivi ganxilvis Sem­
deg dekreti miRebul iqmna damf. krebis mier da saredaqcio komisias
gadaeca).
Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva n. imnaiSvils ekuTvnis.

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 3. dekreti, saxelmwifo qaRaldebis dammzadebel
eqspediciis axal binaze gadatanisa da am binis
gadakeTebisaTvis 5.080.354 man. gadadebisa.

imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) es gaxlavT dekreti saxelmwifo qaRaldebis

dammzadebeli eqspediciis axal binaze gadasvlisa da axal binis ga­
dakeTebisaTvis 5 milion maneTis gadadebis Sesaxeb. finansTa minis­
tri ambobs, rom Senoba, sadac moTavsebulia saxelmwifo qaRaldebis
dasamzadebeli eqspedicia, ar aris uzrunvelyofili. iq aris gener­
aluri Stabi da sxvebic cxovroben.
saerTo dacvis mxrivac ar aris uzrunvelyofili, rogorc saqmis
wesieri msvleloba moiTxovs: viwro da bneli Senobaa da muSaoba dab­
rkolebulia, finansTa ministri Suamdgomlobs mieces mas neba, rom
es eqspedicia gadaitanos ufro Sesafer SenobaSi da amisaTvis Txou­
lobs 5 milion maneTs. es Senoba, romelSiac unda gadavides eqspedi­
cia, aris saolqo saartilerio sammarTvelo, romelsac gadakeTeba
sWiria. da dacvis mxriTac ufro Sesaferia es saxli. mas sWiria gada­
keTeba. aris xarjTaRricxva aq darTuli, agredve aris gegma, Tu ro­
gor gadakeTdes da damTavrdes es saqme. proeqti dekretisa ganixila
sabiujeto komisiam, moiwvia specialistebi da daeTanxma finansTa
ministrs am dawesebulebis gadatanaSi. kontrolic am azris aris.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva saerTo msjelobisaTvis? winaaRm­
degi xom aravin aris muxlobrivi ganxilvisa? (muxlobrivi ganxilvis
Semdeg dekreti miuRebeli iqna da saredaqcio komisias gadaeca).
Tavmjdomare. soc. rev. fraqciis SekiTxva emisiis uflebis Sesax­
eb mTavrobisadmi. sityva eZleva il. nucubiZes.

4. SekiTxva socialist-revoliucionerTa fraqciisa

mTavrobisadmi emisiis uflebis darRvevis Sesaxeb.

ilia nucubiZe. (s.-r.) batonebo! SekiTxvis siswrafes dasabuTeba

ar sWiria, radgan SekiTxvis teqstSi naTqvamia, rom ara legalurad
ibeWdeba miliardebi da ara legalurad ixarjeba. es movlena, Cvenis
SexedulebiT exeba respublikis yofna-ar-yofnis sakiTxs da amitom
igi saswrafod unda iqnas ganxiluli.
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom SekiTxva saswrafod iqnes
cnobili? aravin. sityva ekuTvnis b-n ilia nucubiZes.
ilia nucubiZe. (s.-r.) rodesac socialist-revoliucioner­
Ta fraqcias mouvida cnoba, rom ara legalurad aris dabeWdili
1.501.000.000 man. boni da agreTve aralegalurad daixarja 800 mil­
ionamde, fraqciis davalebiT wavedi sakantrolo uwyebaSi, raTa Se­
memowmebia oficialurad is cnoba, romelic mqonda xelT. me mivmarTe

453
b. direqtors smirnovs. avuxseni mas saqmis viTareba da movTxove cno­
ba. man kategoriuli uari miTxra cnobebis mocemaze da winadadeba
momca mimemarTa kontrolis amxanagisTvis, me wavedi masTan, b. andron­
ikaSvilTan. smirnovic Tan wamomyva. imasac auxseni saqmis viTareba da
movTxove oficialurad cnoba. manac kategoriuli uari miTxra da
daasabuTa imiT, rom saxelmwifo kontroliori valdebuli aris dam­
fuZnebel krebas misces angariSi da ara kerZo deputatebs. (Tevzaia:
rasakvirvelia!). me amis Semdeg wavedi finansTa saministroSi, aq ki
miviRe oficialuri cnoba, romelic savsebiT dadastureba iyo imi­
sa, rom 19 aprilidan 29 maisamde dabeWdili yofila neba-daurTve­
lad, aralegalurad, ukanonod 1.501.300.000 aqedan ukve dauxarjavT
800 milionamde, es oficialuri cnoba miviRe saministrodan. dRes me
xelT maqvs cnoba, rom dabeWdila ukve, ai guSin, 4 ivniss 2.026.673.900
man. boni. agreTve gavige safinanso uwyebaSi, rom xazinisadmi aris
gacemuli brZaneba saministrosagan, rom mas eZleva ufleba daxarjos
1.100.000.000 man. boni.
aseTia saqmis faqtiuri viTareba. sainteresoa exla Cven gavix­
senoT is motivebi, romelic moiyvana finansTa ministrma ukanas­
kneli – meore, mesame emisiis dros. Tavis moxsenebaSi finansTa minis­
tri ambobda: 7 noembers amoiwura meore emisia, mas Semdeg xarjebi
gaizarda da jamagirma 40 proc. moimata. amis garda saministroebma
waiRes sagrZnobi Tanxebi. ase, rom xarjebi didad gaizarda da ami­
tom, gTxovT mogvceT ufleba emisiisa ara 200-300 mil., aramed 800
milionisa, rom ramodenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi gveyos da Semdeg ki
gamovasworebT Cvens finansiur mdgomareobas, gamovZebniT axal wya­
roso, aviRebT sesxs sazRvar gared da SeudgebiT muSaobas fulis
sistemis SemuSavebisaTvis. aseTi iyo finansTa saministros motive­
bi ukanasknel emisiis dros, ase Tu ise, is cdilobda, rom rogorme
daesabuTebia, gaemarTlebia is sagrZnobi Tanxa, romelic damfuZneb­
el krebisagan iyo gamoTxovili. unda aRvniSnoT, rom finansTa minis­
trma es mosazrebani da Ronis-Ziebani cxovrebaSi ver gaatara. Cven
gvqonda SemTxveva, gveTqva da axlac vimeorebT, safinanso uwyeba
Sepyrobilia finansiuri cru-morwmuneobiT da amitom, rasakvirve­
lia, yovelTvis uaryofiT Sedegebs Rebulobs.
radgan Cveni mdgomareoba dResac ar aris gamorkveuli arc poli­
tikurad da arc sxva mxriT, radgan roca mTeli evropa dangreulia
finansiurad da Tavis TavisaTvis ver mouvlia, maSin fiqri imaze, rom
is mogvcems sesxs xelsayrel pirobebSi, es pirdapir zRaparia. da Tu
vinme mogvcems sesxs, sagrZnobi giravo unda mivceT. aseTi gziT saku­
Tari valiutis Seqmna ar SeiZleba. sakuTar valiutas sakuTari ekviv­
alenti unda qondes. uamisod igi iqneba ucxo valiutaze damokidebu­
li da ara sakuTari. mecniereba gadaWriT laparakobs, rom simtkice
valiutisa damokidebulia saxalxo meurneobaze. bolos da bolos es
aris valiutis reguliatori da ganmamtkicebeli. da Cveni yuradRe­

454
ba yovelTvis saxalxo meurneobis ayvavebisaken unda iyos mimarTu­
li. am gziT unda swarmoebdes ekonomiuri politika mTavrobisa da
ara im gziT, rom imedi gvqondes, rom viRac burJua-patroni mogvcems
oqros da amaze vagebT sakuTar ekonomiur keTildReobas ver mivaR­
wevT. amas garda kidev erTi unda mogaxsenoT. ukve Seqmnili da damt­
kicebuli burJuaziuli saxelmwifoni kerZo iniciativas akuTvneben
upiratesobas da am gziT. magram is patara saxelmwifoebi, romlebic
exla emzadebian, jer ar arian Camoyalibebulni arc politikurad
da arc ekonomiurad, ver wavlen imav gziT, ra gziTac gamtkicdnen da
ayvavdnen es Zveli saxelmwifoebi. Cven unda vawarmovoT damoukide­
beli ekonomiuri politika, unda davadgeT koleqtiur Semoqmedebis
gzas, ai, swored aq aris Cveni xsna. sanam amas ver SevignebT, saRi
ekonomiuri finansiuri politikis magier safinanso uwyeba Seudga
bonebis aralegalurad beWdvas da xarjvas. gaifiqra Tu saidumloe­
biT iqneba moculi bonebis xarjva, ukanasknelis kursiT ar daecemao.
(d. TofuriZe: vin mogaxsenaT es?) unda mogaxsenoT, rom umravleso­
bis partia, e. i. mTavrobis partia am SemTxvevaSi originaluri ar
aris, aseT politikas adga Zveli ruseTi, kidev aleqsandre pirvelis
dros. rodesac asignaciebis fasi sastikad daeca, ruseTis finansebi
air-dairia da misi mowesrigeba araviTar saSualebiT ar SeiZlebo­
da, xalxSi ukmayofileba gaisma asignaciebis winaaRmdeg, romelmac
dakarga nominalis 81 proc., maSin ra gzas daadga aleqsandre pir­
veli? man mimarTa xalxs manifestiT, rom asignaciebs ar gamouSvebT;
nu SegeSindebaT, Cven miviRebT zomebs, rom is asignaciebi, romlebic
TqvenSi trialebs amovkribavT, magram faqtiurad ki asignaciebs ara­
legalurad, saidumloT uSveben da asignaciebis fasi Tan da Tan ece­
moda. am faqts qonda adgili ruseTSi. magram gansxvaveba imaSia, rom
es saidumloeba iq icoda saTanado organoebma, ar icoda mxolod
xalxma, aq ki bonebis beWdva arc xalxma icis, arc saTanado organoebma
ician. (d. TofuriZe: sicruea, icodeT!). me damfuZnebel krebis wevri
var da ar vicodi, fuli iSveboda Tu ara. (S. nucubiZe: eg qalaqis Tav­
ad iyo quTaisSi da icis!). magram am siraqlimas meTodma iq ver gasWra,
asignaciebis fasma ar aiwia, piriqiT, ufro da ufro ecemoda da war­
moidgineT Tqven swored 1810 w. rodesac ruseTis saerTaSoriso md­
gomareoba saukeTeso iyo, rodesac mis mokavSired iyo safrangeTi da
SveciasTan omi moigo, mTlad daeca asignaciebis kursi, da ra iyo amis
mizezi? amis mizezi iyo is, rom im xanad inglisis vaWroba-mrewvelo­
ba saSinel kriziss ganicdida. radgan ruseTi ar iyo damokidebuli
ekonomiur politikis mawarmoebeli da faqtiurad misi valiuta da­
moukidebeli iyo inglisis valiutaze, am garemoebam didi roli iTa­
maSa asignaciebis dacemaSi. aq iyo ori faqtori: erTi – asignaciebis
auarebel gamoSvebas, ara saRi, ara normaluri ekonomiuri politika
qonda, da meore – is krizisi, romelzedac me mogaxsenebT. Sedegad
ra mohyva amas? Sedegad mohyva is, rom saxelmwifom gamoacxada Tav­

455
isi Tavi gakotrebulad, e. i. devalvacia moaxdina, (devalvacia xom
gakotreba aris?) da aseTi gakotreba mohyveba yovelTvis aranorma­
lur finansiur politikas.
aris sxva istoriuli magaliTebic, rom fulis gadaWarbebiT
gamoSvebam saxelmwifo katastrofamdis miiyvana. moigoneT safran­
geTis didi revoliucia. 1795 w. asignaciebis kursi nominalis 0,52
proc. daeca, magram aq aRsaniSnavi is aris, rom ekonomiuri gakotre­
bis gamocxadeba yvela saxelmwifos da yvela pirobebSi ar SeuZlia.
es SeuZlia ruseTs, rodesac misi sagareo vaWroba gamokeTda, magram
yvela pirobebSi es ar SeiZleba. Cven es ar SegviZlian, radgan Cvens
pirobebSi, rodesac finansiurad da politikurad jer kidev Camoy­
alibebuli ara varT, es katastrofas gamoiwvevda. ase, rom am gare­
moebas angariSi unda gauwioT. amitom Cven vamtkicebT, gansakuTre­
bul sifrTxiliT unda movekidoT bonebis gamoSvebas. (d. TofuriZe:
Worebi Cveni bonebis Rirebulebas scemen! saerTo xmauroba). Tqven
rom zrdiloba gqondeT, sxvanairad ilaparakebdiT! (d. TofuriZe:
maswavleT zrdiloba!).
Tavmjdomare. gTxovT orators nu uSliT. (zars rekavs).
nucubiZe. istoriam icis, batonebo, magaliTebi imisa, rom sakanon­
mdeblo dawesebulebis da mTavrobis Soris konfliqti momxdara sa­
biujeto uflebis garSemo (v. Tevzaia: auarebeli!). moigoneT Tundac
62 weli, rodesac bismarki moiTxovda qveda palatisagan Tanxas jaris
organizaciisaTvis, magram mas uari uTxra qveda palatam da oTxi
wlis ganmavlobaSi zeda palatis dasturiT krefda am fulebs. bo­
los mainc vilgelmi iZulebuli Seiqna qedi moexara sakanonmdeblo
dawesebulebis winaSe. bodiSi moixada da aRuTqva, rom aseT ukanono­
bas is aRar Caidenda. da rogori iyo maSin pozicia lasalis? lasali
urCevda sakanonmdeblo dawesebulebas am borotmoqmedebaze xeli ar
moewera da daSliliyo. aseTi iyo pozicia lasalis. (xma adgilidan:
Tqveni pozicia rogori Ra aris?) inglisSi, batonebo, sadac sabiu­
jeto ufleba jer kidev mecamete saukuneSi Caisaxa, rodesac xalxis
warmomadgenelni ar miscemden korols gamoTxovil Tanxas, is ver be­
davda aralegalurad fulebis gamoSvebas. maSin is mimarTavda xalxs
TxovniT, saCuqari raime mogveciTo.
magram aralegalurad rom fuli gamoeSvas romelime saxelmwi­
fos, es istorias ar axsovs. es iyo ruseTSi, magram iqac aralegaluri
iyo es, rogorc mogaxseneT, im mxriv, rom xalxma ar icoda, Torem sa­
Tanado organoebma es icoden. aq ki arc xalxma icis da arc saTanado
organoebma.
magram, iqneba ggoniaT, es iyos gansakuTrebuli kerZo SemTxveva,
romelic mxolod gansakuTrebiT kerZo dafasebas moiTxovs? magram es
ase ar aris, Cvenda samwuxarod da, me kidev daumateb, Cvenda saubed­
urod, CvenSi sakanonmdeblo dawesebulebis ase abuCad agdeba siste­
maSi aris. (xma adgilidan: magaliTad?) moigoneT momaragebis samin­

456
istro, romelsac aqvs Tavisi sakuTari kasa. is araviTar angariSs ar
iZleva, ar adgens Statebs, miuxedavad imisa, rom sabiujeto-safinan­
so komisiam mosTxova mas Statebis warmodgena, dRemdis ar warmoud­
genia, ver movaswario da jamagirebs niSnavs Tavis mosazrebiT, Tavis
SexedulebiT.
moigoneT miwad-moqmedebis ministri, romelic sistematiurad
faqtis winaSe ayenebs damfuZnebeli krebis sabiujeto komisias. jer
daxarjavs fulebs da mere warmoadgens daxarjulis nusxas dasam­
tkiceblad. ramdenjer daadgina safinanso-sabiujeto komisiam,
rom aseTi wesi Seuwynarebelia, magram ar iqna bolo ar moeRo aseT
ukano­nobas.
moigoneT sagareo-saqmeTa saministro.
Cveni, soc.-revoliucionerTa fraqcia, rasakvirvelia, yovelT­
vis mowadinebulni viyaviT da varT, rom mSvidobianoba davicvaT da
zaviT SevekraT yvela Cven mezobels, neitraloba davicvaT, magram
exla rac Caidina sagareo-saqmeTa saministrom es pirdapir aramc Tu
sakanonmdeblo dawesebulebis uflebis gaqelva da mospoba aris, es
saxelmwifo gadatrialebaa. (v. Tevzaia: revoliuciaa pirdapir!). zavi
Sekra sabWoTa ruseTTan da am zavs ratifikacia ki ar sWirdeba, da
xalxi miiRebs Tu ar miiRebs amas, es baton urataZes ar ainteresebs.
moawera xeli da gaTavda. xelSekruleba Sedis ZalaSi urataZis xelis
moweriT. Cven, vimeoreb, gvwyuria zavi, magram yvelafers aqvs Tavisi
fargali, sazRvari, Tavisi Sinaarsi (l. Sengelaia: soc.-demokratias
araferi aqvs!). aseTia, batonebo, Cveni marTva-gamgeobis saerTo mdgo­
mareoba Cvenda saubedurod.
da ras Svreba am dros Cveni kontroliori, parlamentis kontro­
liori? imis magier, rom is darajad edgas saxelmwifo interesebs,
imis magier, rom sastikad epyrobodes im Tanxebs, romelic icema, is
zereled epyroba mas.
Tundac is faqti, rom fulebi daibeWda da daixarja aralegalu­
raT. ras Svreba kontroliori? gana is valdebuli ar iyo, Tu mTav­
robasTan konfliqti mouvida, moexsenebina es damfuZnebel krebisaT­
vis?! (xma adgilidan: konfliqti ar momxdara!) me aq mesmis: konfliqti
ar momxdarao (xma adgilidan: ar iyo mizezi!) Cvenda saubedurod Cven­
Si kontroliori ar aris damoukidebeli. inglisSi iseTi tradicia
aris, rom kontroliori ar aris parlamentis wevri, ar aris partiis
wevri, politikis gareSe sdgas. is ar unda iyos mTavrobis romelime
wevris naTesavi, aseTi damoukidebeli aris kontroliori. aq ki, mgo­
ni, Cveni kontroliori soc.-demokratiuli fraqciis wevria da, ra­
sakvirvelia, aseT pirobebSi is ver iqneba miudgomeli da yovelTvis
Seecdeba gaamarTlos Tavisi partiis nabijebi...
me mogaxsenebT, batonebo, rom Cveni respublika – saqarTvelo –
Tu iqneba damoukidebeli, is iqneba mxolod demokratiuli, iqneba
mxolod Tavisufali. magram diqtatoruli, monarqiuli saqarTvelo

457
ver iarsebebs. es aqsiomaa, da yvela is, vinc migvaqanebs Cven am monarqi­
isaken, oligarxiul marTva-gamgeobisaken, is aris saqarTvelos moRa­
late, is aris Cveni respublikis da xalxis mteri. da is faqti, batone­
bo, romelic me mogaxseneT, aris respublikis suverenobis SebRalva,
politikuri gadatrialeba. fulis gamoSveba aralegalurad (xma
adgilidan: sad moxda eg?) es aris politikuri gadatrialeba da Cven
soc.-revoliucionerebi moviTxovT, rom damnaSaveni dasjil iqnen
sisxlis samarTlis wesiT. erTi, rogorc saxelmwifos moRalateni da
meore, rogorc „falSivo-monetCikebi“ (saerTo xmauroba).
dasasrul Cemi sityvisa me vekiTxebi mTavrobas: icis Tu ara man
yovelive is, rac me movaxsene damfuZnebel krebas da rac Cvens SekiTx­
vaSi aris aRniSnuli, da Tu icis, ra zomebi miiRo an ra zomas miiRebs
borot-momqmedTa Sesapyrobad da dasaWerad. (taSi soc.-revoliuc.
skamebze).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis ministris amxanags b. avalians.
avaliani. me rogorc „фальшивомонетчикъ“-i da borotmomqmedi ne­
bas mivcem Cems Tavs Zlier mcire da mokle ganmarteba movaxseno am
did dawesebulebas. me Zlier vwuxvar, rom im bednier dRes, rodesac
pativcemulma ilia nucubiZem Cems uwyebaSi kari SemoaRo, swored im
dros me maSin iq ar viyavi da ver miveci is ganmarteba, romelic mas
ase awuxebs da romelsac man ase usafuZvlod da uSinaarsod kudi ga­
moaba. ra moxda, ra Caidina finansTa uwyebam? ra Caidina mTavrobam?
marTlac borotmoqmedeba aris Tu ara? magram vidre am sakiTxze
pasuxs mogcemdeT, me minda sazogado mosazrebebzed mogaxsenoT.
Tqven masala ar gqondaT da Tavi SeiwuxeT sazogado mosazrebebiT.
ai sworeT am sazogado mosazrebebzed mogaxsenebT oriode sityvas.
Tqven brZanebT, rom ukanaskneli emisia, romelic gamoiTxova mTav­
robam, maSin iq mTeli gegma iyo moyvanili, magram es gegma, es Roni­
Zieba ar iqmna gamarTlebuli da aralegalurad, farulaT, malulaT
mTavrobam daiwyo fulis beWdva da amiT ufleba damfuZnebeli kre­
bisa daarRvia da Tqven gveubnebiT, rom erTaT erTi politika, rome­
lic finansTa uwyebas da mTavrobas unda ewarmoebina, es iyo damou­
kidebeli ekonomiuri politika da dRevandel pirobebSi sesxzed da
sxva amisTana saganze laparaki yovlad SeuZlebelia. me mgonia, rom
Tqven ar CafiqrebixarT am sakiTxs. ar vici SesaZlebeli aris Tu ara
rom dRevandel weswyobilebisa da dRevandel pirobis mixedviT, ro­
melime saxelmwifom sruliad damoukidebeli ekonomiuri politika
awarmovos da mxolod Tavis Zalaze daeyrdnos.
Tqven kargad mogexsenebaT, rom dRevandeli msoflio ekonomi­
uri wes-wyobileba mWidrod aris gadabmuli da am cocxal organi­
zaciidan gamoTiSva patara nawilisa yovlad SeuZlebeli aris. ga­
sul maiss parizSi moxda ligis kreba, sadac iyo warmomadgenelni 18
saxelmwifosi da iq iyo dasmuli sakiTxi TviTeul saxelmwifos, aramc
Tu patara saxelmwifoebs, did saxelmwifoebsac dRevandel pirobeb­

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Si marto Tavisi ekonomiuri damoukidebeli politikis warmoeba
ar SeuZliaT. da amitom yvela saxelmwifoebma erTmaneTs xeli unda
gauwodoT da saerTo ekonomiuri politika unda awarmovon. dRevan­
del pirobebSi verc erTi saxelmwifo damoukidebeli ekonomiuri
politikas ver awarmoebs da es Ziebani, romelzedac vlaparakobdiT
ukanasknel emisiis gamoTxovis dros, TiTqmis savsebiT gamarTlda da
is wyaroebi, romelzedac Cven vlaparakobdiT, marTlac aRmovaCineT
da dRes saxelmwifo xazinas marTalia didi ara, magram mainc Tval­
saCino wyaro aqvs, romliTac is faravs nawils Tavis xarjebisas.
Tqven SekiTxvaSi aris ori muxli erTi, rom mTavrobam gamouSva or
miliardze meti maneTi. am kviris boloSi iqneba or miliard naxevari
maneTi da am Tvis boloSi ki SeiZleba iqnes 5 miliardzed meti. (kedia:
emisiis gareSe?) diax, emisiis garda.
dRes xma maRla vacxadeb, dabeWdili aris ori miliardi maneTi,
romlis gamoSvebis ufleba mTavrobisaTvis da finansTa uwyebisaT­
vis damfuZnebel krebas da saxelmwifos ar miucia, saxelmwifo kon­
trolsac ar daudasturebia. (Rlonti: beWvdis ufleba vin mogcaT?)
rodesac Tqven mobrZandebiT xazinadarTan jamagiris asaRebad, maSin
ar SeiZleba eqspedicia avatrialoT, rom es fuli, romelic Tqven
unda mogceT, wams davamzadoT fulis niSnebi. saxelmwifos xarjebi
aqvs, saxelmwifos aqvs eqspedicia, romelsac mudmivi Tadarigi unda
hqondes, fulis niSnebi damzadebuli unda iyos. saWiroebis da moT­
xovnilebis dasakmayofileblad es fulebi gamoSvebuli unda iyos.
maSasadame emisia, rogorc ufleba, dakanonebuli damfuZnebeli
krebis mier, kanonmdebel dawesebulebis mier, xalxSi gamoSveba da
daxarjva fulisa erTi aris da am fulis beWvda manqanebzed es meo­
re gaxlavT. ase rom, neba miboZeT... (xmauroba) amas erTi meoreSi nu
aurevT. amis areva aris is, rom Tqven saqmes ar icnobT. Tqven kargad
mogexsenebaT, rom didi xani ar gasula mas Semdeg, rodesac Cvens
xazinebSi fulis niSnebi ar iyo da moxeleni jamagirebs drozed ver
iRebden. Tqven ar iciT, ra STabeWdilebas axdens, rodesac moxele ja­
magirs droze ar iRebs. aseTi mdgomareoba rom ar moxdes, finansTa
uwyebam aTasnairi zomebi miiRo. dRes Tqven daakanoneT uwyebisaTvis
5 milioni maneTis gacema eqspediciis SesakeTeblad. sxvaTa Soris, Cven
ucxoeTSi fulis sabeWdavi manqanebic gvaqvs SekveTili, rom es fulis
niSnebi mzaT iyos, TadarigSi iyos da rodesac damfuZnebeli kreba ne­
bas darTavs es dabeWdili fuli gamoSvebuli iqnes imdeni, ramdenis
nebas miscems damfuZnebeli kreba finansTa ministrs. b. Rlonto, Tqven
rom wignis wakiTxva gnebavdeT da tipografia maSin Seudges wignis
beWvdas, es yovlad miuRebeli iqneba da Tqveni ganaTleba Seferxdeba.
aseTi aris eqspediciis mdgomareoba, romelic aris Cveulebrivi
warmoeba, romelic amzadebs fulis niSnebs. rodesac eqspedicia­
Si fulis niSnebi ibeWdeba da dabeWdili iTvleba da sagangeboT
igzavneba xazinaSi, sadac gansakuTrebuli salaro aris da iq inax­

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eba. (xmauroba. zari). vidre ufleba ar miecema finansTa ministrs
am damzadebuli niSnebis gamoSveba (xmebi: raSi daixarja? xmauro­
ba. zari), fulis beWdva ubralo operacia aris. (Sengelaia: bixovic
egre ambobs!) ar vici bixovi ras ambobs. sxvaTa Soris im konstituci­
is proeqtSi, romelic Tqven SeimuSaveT, me-8 muxlSi aris naTqvami
da swored es aris naTqvami, rac me mogaxseneT. iq aris naTqvami, rom
mTavroba ganagebs finansebs da fuls beWdavs. aq garCeva aris: fu­
lis beWdva, rogorc warmoeba emisiisagan, rogorc fulis xarjva...
(xmebi: ekvilibristikaa!) es Tu ekvilibristika aris... (xmauroba), 800
milioni maneTi daxarjuli aris. es marTalia. (xma: am emisiidan?) ara.
marTalia daxarjulia 800 milioni maneTi. saidan gaCnda es 800 mil­
ioni? Semdegnairad: upirveles yovlisa saaqcizo kanonma, romelic
Cven SemoviReT, sabaJo tarifma, rkinis gzis gadasaxadma, romelic
Cven gavadideT da sxv. Seqmnes is, rom swored im aprilSi, romelze­
dac Tqven brZanebT, dRevandel Cven xazinas misces 252.110.563 man.
rkinis gzidan amave dros Semovida 180 milioni maneTi. Cvens xazinaSi
Semodis auarebeli dafleTili fulebi. es gaxlavT amier-kavkasiis
bonebi da Cveni bonebi. Cveni bonebis Tviseba iseTia, rom male ixeva.
(kedia: kargi yofila!) ra vqnaT, batono, ar iSoveba ukeTesi qaRal­
di. ai es bonebi dagrovda Zveli emisiidan, rodesac amier-kavkasiis
mTavroba iyo. kargad mogexsenebaT, rom sxva da sxva xelovnur sa­
SualebiT da SemweobiT am bonebis fasi gazrdili aris. Tqven, sxvaTa
Soris, amas xels uwyobT. Tqveni SekiTxva amas kargs niadags aZlevs
da Cven am amier-kavkasiis bonebs sxva da sxva mizezebis gamo, romel­
zedac samwuxarod ar SemiZlian vilaparako, vinaidan amas angariSs
gauwevs is, visTvisac es mosagebi aris. (Sengelaia: borotmoqmedebaa!)
aseTi bonebic inaxeba Cvens xazinaSi da boroteba iqneboda finansTa
ministris mier, rom es fuli gamoeca da aewia es laJi, romelmac dRes
18 proc. miaRwia. Cven ar uSvebT am bonebs imitom, rom baTumSi mx­
olod am bonebs iReben da Cven ar gvinda, rom imaT, vinc baTomSi aris,
vinc dRes saqarTvelos demokratiul respublikas Zirs uTxris, ax­
ali iaraRi mivceT xelSi, maSasadame es dafleTili bonebi da es ami­
er-kavkasiis bonebi, romelic Seadgens warsul dakanonebul emisias
ar gamouSva xazinam. Tu Tqven am Tanxebs erTi-erTmaneTs SeadarebT
gamova, rom dRemde Cvens xazinaSi iyo 881 mil. maneTi. (replika ar
ismis). ukacravad, batono, TqvenTvis cudi cnoba mouwvdiaT, CemTan
rom mosuliyaviT me ufro karg cnobas mogcemdiT. Zvelidan gadarCa
182 mil. man. Semdegi operacia moxda: Semosavali iyo 254 mil., Zveli
bonebi, amier-kavkasiis gamocvlili 254 mil., sul 667 mil., pirvel
maisamde daixarja 436 mil.
maSasadame gamodis, rogorc xedavT, rom es iyo fulis niSnebi,
romelic TviTon xazinaSi iyo da am raodenobas erTi maneTic ar mo­
matebia da maSasadame finansTa ministri borotebas Caidenda im dros,
rodesac saxelmwifos garSemo mtrebi Semoesia, auarebeli xarjebi

460
mosdioda, maSin Semosuliyo axali emisiis TxovniT. TqvenTvis mieca
ufleba ori-sami saaTi gelaparaknaT. amas angariSi gauwia da moax­
dina Cveulebrivi operacia – erTi niSnebis meore niSnebiT Secvla,
romlis uflebas mas aZlevs kanoni. ra moxda? is gadasaxadebi, romel­
ic Semodis xazinaSi, es aris is Tanxa, romlis gankargulebis ufleba
finansTa ministrs aqvs – es daxeuli bonebi Cven valdebuli varT, ro­
gorc uwyeba, davaxurdavoT da samagiero mivceT. es ufleba finansTa
ministrs aqvs. es Cveulebrivi daxurdaveba aris. es ar gaxlavT axali
bonis gamocema. es valdebuleba aris da (xma: valdebuleba?) diax, val­
debuleba. (rcxilaZe: ar SeiZleba gviTxraT, batono, im 800 milioni­
dan daixarja rame Tu ara?). diax, daxarjulia. iqidan aris gadarCe­
nili kidev 100 milionze meti. ixarjeba, vinaidan dRiuri xarji 22
milionia, ixarjeba am kreditis mixedviT, romelic damfuZnebelma
krebam misca da romelic kanonierad unda iqnes ganaRdebuli. maSa­
sadame mogaxsenebT, rom araviTari emisia, fulis niSnebis gamoSveba,
garda imisa, rac damfuZnebelma krebam misca uwyebas ar momxdara.
maSasadame, mogaxsenebT, rom araviTari emisia, e. i. gamoSveba zed­
meti fulis niSnebisa, imis garda rac damfuZnebelma krebam misca uw­
yebas ar momxdara. ar momxdara, batonebo, vinaidan Tu xazinaSi iyo 245
mil. – am fulis gamoSvebis magivrad Cven gamouSviT axali dabeWdili
bonebi. maSasadame ekvivalenti darCa imdenive, ramdenic iyo. maSasa­
dame, Cven dRes samagieroT arc am bonebs, arc amier-kavkasiis bonebs
aRar vuSvebT. magal. es rom gamogveSva – maSin Cven gadavacilebdiT
emisiis uflebas, CavidendiT borotmoqmedebas da viqnebodiT „fal­
Sivo manetCikebi“.
Cven amis garda gvaqvs amier-kavkasiis bonebi, romelic am TanxaSi
ar Sedis. risTvis aris es? es aris imisTvis, rom sxva da sxva uwyebas,
romelic gansakuTrebul purs iZens da esaWiroeba nivTebi jarisTvis
– aris iseTi SemTxveva, rodesac saTanado uwyebas es fuli unda. aseTi
SemTxvevisaTvis me maqvs rezervi ramdenime aTeuli milioni maneTis.
aq kidev iyo erTi naTqvami, rom finansTa ministrma gasca brZaneba
xazinisadmi, rom mas gaeca erTi miliardi da 101 milioni man. (Senge­
laia: 101 aTasi!). ara batono, 101 milioni saidan amoikiTxeT, rom xazi­
nas aseTi raime brZaneba gaeca? ara batonebo, xazinas araviTari aseTi
raime brZaneba ar qonia. saqme imaSi gaxlavT, rom Cven xazinaSi awyvia
oqro, vercxli da platina, da es qoneba rom gadaaxurdavoT, dRevan­
deli kursiT Seadgens miliards – miliard naxevars. es aris ZiriTadi
Tanxa, romelic Cven gvaqvs. me xazinas mivswere Seetyobinebia ramdeni
aris oqro da vercxli. xazinam Sematyobina, amdeni aris oqro, amde­
ni aris vercxli, amdeni aris platina da sx. me gamoviangariSe, Seva­
fase (Sengelaia: SinaurulaT?) mogaxsenebT: momwera amdeni aris esa
da esao, moviwvie specialistebi, gavige oqros da vercxlis kursi da
amisdamixedviT gamoviangariSeT, SevafaseT da es Seadgens „1.801.600
mil. maneTis Rirebulebas“. (Sengelaia: da dabeWdeT?) araferi gvibe­

461
Wdia da rom araferi gvibeWdia, rom amas mniSvneloba ar qonda, am
oqros – is iqidan Cans, rom dRevandeli Rirebuleba am oqro-verc­
xlisa gadacda dabeWdili fulis niSnebis raodenobas. maSasadame ba­
tono, es iyo Cveulebrivi cnoba, romelic mivwere xazinas da sxva da
sxva mosazrebiT mindoda gamomerkvia, ramdeni aris qoneba Cvens xazi­
naSi. (xma: visTvis gindodaT es?). Tqven sesxze laparakobT, rom sabu­
Ti undao; da ai, rodesac es cnoba damWirdeboda – amas gamoviyeneb­
di da me kidec moviyvane sisruleSi da gamoviangariSe ra Seadgens
saxelmwifo qonebas. amas garda, me es mindoda kidev, batono, imisT­
vis, rom Cven biujets vadgenT axla; Tqven gvikiJinebT yovelTvis, rom
araviTari mosazreba ar gaqvTo da sxva da sxva mosazrebaTa Soris,
romelic biujetis winasityvaobaSi iqneba – esec gaxlavs. iq angari­
Si mogvyavs, rom amdeni gvaqvs oqro da vercxli, ise rom saxelmwifo
xazina arc iseTi Raribi aris, rom Cveni fulis niSnebi, ise uniadago
ar aris. amis dasabuTeba saWiro iyo. amisTvis moviTxove es cnoba da
araviTari gankarguleba me ar gamicia, rom es fuli daexarjaT.
maSasadame, batonebo, umorCilesad viTxov, rom gansazRvrul
iyos ori debuleba: emisia da beWdva. emisia erTia da beWdva meore.
beWdva aris ubralo texnikuri saqme. amis areva yovlad SeuZlebelia.
rac Seexeba me-2 sakiTxs – finansTa ministri pirdapir acxadebs,
rom emisia gadidebuli ar aris, erTi kapikiTac ar aris gadidebuli
raodenoba fulisa, romelic iyo xazinaSi. Cven kidev gvaqvs saxsari.
rodesac amis moTxovnileba aris, xazinas abareben fuls, kerZo banks
ar endobian da xazinas endobian. ase rom xazinis kasaSi yovelTvis aris
auarebeli fulis niSnebi. yvela sakredito dawesebulebas ufleba
aqvs es fuli, romelic kasaSi Semodis, moixmaros im kreditebis da­
sakmayofileblad romelic mas aqvs. Tqven warmogidgeniaT, rom raki
800 milioni maneTi es sakmarisi ar iyo da is zedmeti daixarja im Se­
mosavlidan, romelic saxelmwifo xazinas aqvs. maSasadame aravisagan
abuCad agdeba damfuZnebel krebisa ar momxdara.
exla mogaxsenebT, ramdenaT mizanSewonili iyo aseTi operacia,
da unda gavdioT Tqven gzas Tu ara? aqvs Tu ara ufleba saministros
moaxdinos sxva da sxva sakredito operacia. Tqven brZanebT, rom Zie­
bani ar gamarTldao. mobrZandiT, batono, Tqven TiTon gamoarkvieT
cifrebiT da naxavT, rom dRes Cveni Semosavali Cveni gasavlis erT
mesameds faravs da aseT patara xnis ganmavlobaSi Tu mas mivaRwieT
– yovel SemTxvevaSi amas unari unda. maSasadame ori mesamedi Cveni
gasavlisa ar ifareba, magram aseTi ubedureba marto Cven ar gvwve­
via, aseTi ubedureba saerTaSoriso movlenaa. inglisSi 50 proc.
saxelmwifo biujetisa ar ifareba sakuTari Semosavlisagan. da Tu iq
asea – CvenTvis didi vaJkacobaa, rom patara saxelmwifom erTi mesa­
medi Tavisi gasavlisas Tavisi sakuTari SemosavliT dafaros. Cven es
wyaro movnaxeT da axalsac veZebT, da Cveni Ziebani gamarTlda vidre
ufro mosalodneli iyo. ase rom Cven am Semosavlis wyaroze veyrd­

462
nobiT, magram Cven arasodes ar vfiqrobdiT, rom dRes-dReobiT Sesa­
Zlebelia Semosavalma mTeli gasavali dafaros.
finansTa saministro fuls saidumlod ar daxarjavs. Tqven Cemze
ar brZandebiT didi azrisa – es Tqveni uflebaa – magram iseTi azri
mainc iqonieT, rom damfuZnebelma krebam, romelic yovel sxdomaze
ramdenime milion maneTs uSvebs, ubralo angariSi mainc icis. nu Tu
damfuZnebel krebam ar icis es ubralo angariSi? me met pativs vscem
damfuZnebel krebas da kargad mesmis, rom mas SeuZlia gamoiangari­
Sos: ramdeni ixarjeba es milionebi da saidan ixarjeba es milionebi,
rodesac 800 mil. maneTis gamocemis meti ufleba mas uwyebisaTvis ar
miucia. (veSapeli adgilidan: es ironiaa!). araa, batono, ironia. es
araa ironia. bodiSs vixdi, Tqven amis ufleba ara gaqvT TqvaT, rom
es ironia aris. es gulwrfeli sityva aris. damfuZnebel krebas Seu­
Zlia gamoiangariSos, saidan gaCnda es fuli. fuli gaCnda im kanon­
ieri operaciebiT, romelic qonda uwyebas. es ZalauneburaT ase xde­
ba. imitom, rom TiToeul operaciaze, romelsac moaxdens finansTa
ministri, rom man irbinos damfunebel krebaSi – damfuZnebeli kreba
amas moundeboda.
Tqven iciT iseTi magaliTebi, xazinaSi xSirad aris iseTi SemTx­
veva, rodesac xazinaSi fuli ar moipoveba da am dros sesxisaTvis
Cven mivmarTavT kerZo bankebs da xels movinacvlebT; nu Tu amisaTvis
virbinoT damfuZnebel krebaSi. es aris Cveulebrivi operacia. dam­
fuZnebeli krebis abuCad agdeba finansTa ministrs ar Caudenia, dam­
fuZnebeli krebis uflebebis SezRudva ar mouxdenia. mxolod moxda
is, rom finansTa ministrma am operaciiT ara erTi miliardi Seunar­
Cuna saqarTvelos demokratiul respublikas.
ranairaT moxda es? es ise moxda, rom ukanaskneli emisia iyo 27
ianvars da Cven dRevandlamde SevinarCuneT odnav mainc, fulis kur­
si. es moxda imitom, rom Cven saTanado operaciebs vawarmoebdiT.
amitom iyo rom muSa-mosamsaxureebs jamagiris axali momateba ar
mouTxoviaT, miiRes ra mxedvelobaSi erTis mxriv respublikis md­
gomareoba da meores mxriv is, rom fulis kursi Tavis droze sdgas.
(kedia: 62 milioni maneTi xazinam rom daadva?) vimeoreb, xazinas rom
daedva 62 milioni maneTi ki ara, 262 mil. man., 462 mil. man. – ufro
meti mogeba iqneboda, vidre maSin, Tu jamagirebs movumatebdiT; ma­
Sasadame, mizanSewonilia, rom Cven fulis kursi SevinaxeT. axla ra
moxda, maSin rodesac Tqven Tqveni SekiTxva SemoitaneT. xazinaSi mib­
rZandiT, me migiyvanT, iq gasinjeT wignebi da iq naxavT rom es opera­
cia kanonieri iyo. magram Tqvenma SekiTxvam moaxdina is, rom CvenSi
aris jgufebi, romelsac es uxaria, netarebas ganicdis. sayuradRebo
is aris, rom es SekiTxva gaCnda im gazeTSi, romlis garSemo trialebs
is xalxi, romelsac unda, Tu iaraRiT ara, sxva gziT saxelmwifos md­
gomareoba dasces; is xalxi, romelic ver Serigebia saqarTvelos re­
spublikas da romlis natvraa rac SeiZleba male gamouTxaros Ziri

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am respublikas. ai ra moimoqmeda Tqvenma SekiTxvam. (Sengelaia: Tqven­
ma borot-moqmedebam!) Cvenma „borot-moqmedebam“ moimoqmeda is, rom
saxelmwifos SeunarCuna 2 miliardi maneTi. Tqvenma „keTilma“ moq­
medebam ki... (il. nucubiZe: dasasjelebi xarT! xmauroba. Tavmjdomare
zars reks).
Tavmjdomare. bat. ilia nucubiZe! wesierebisaken mogiwodebT.
(ora­tors) gTxovT ganagrZoT sityva.
avaliani. rac Seexeba imas, rom sxva uwyebebs finansTa saministro
abuCaT igdebso – unda mogaxsenoT, rom finansTa ministri Tvalyurs
adevnebs yvelas, roca saqme fulis xarjvas Seexeba da Tqven magaliT­
ad xeli wahkariT, rom momaragebis saministro abuCaT igdebs safi­
nanso komisiaso. man warmoadgina rogorc vici, sabiujeto-safinanso
komisiaSi Tavisi angariSebi da faqts angariSi unda gavuwioT.
ase rom finansTa uwyeba fulis niSnebs beWdavs, dRes beWdavs, fi­
nansTa uwyeba axal eqspedicias awyobs, manqana SekveTili aqvs, rom ar
SeCerdes fulis beWdva; finansTa uwyebam moaxdina Cveulebrivi op­
eracia, Seinaxa es fuli, gamouSva meore; finansTa ministrma moaxdina
Cveulebrivi operaciebi, romelsac mas kanoni ar ukrZalavs.
Tqveni mosazreba me kargad mesmis. Tqveni lozungi erTi aris da
amaSi mgoni ar vcdebi: „Fiat opositia, pereat respublica”. amas SegiZliaT miaR­
wioT, magram is respublika, romelsac Tqven amnairaT Zirs uTxriT,
imdenaT Zlieria, rom aseT opozicias gauZlebs.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis iusticiis ministrs.
r. arseniZe (iusticiis ministri). me gamovedi am tribunaze mxo­
lod mcire gancxadebisaTvis. Tavisufali tribuna kargi saqonelia,
magram sindisic da patiosnebac karg saqonelad unda CaiTvalos. am
tribuniT ki sargebloben xSirad imisTvis, rom mTavrobis wevrebs
iseTi saxeli uwodon, iseTi brali dasdon, romelic aramc Tu dam­
fuZnebel krebis wevrs, aramed arc erT patiosan adamians ar ekadre­
ba. da upirveles yovlisa Cirq-mocxebuli unda iyos is, vinc aseT
cils awamebs, pasuxismgebelia damfuZnebel krebis winaSe. aq ganacxa­
des ori ram: erTi rom mTavroba „falSivo-monetCikebisagan“ Sesdge­
bao, es maTi literatura aris. magram dRes maT aq ganacxades, qarag­
mebiT gadakruli sityviT, romelic ar SeiZleba upasuxod davtovoT.
leo Sengelaiam am tribunidan ganacxada, rom TiTqos mTavrobam ma­
Sin gabeda qonebis beWdva, roca bolSevikebi movidnen – xom veravin
gaigebda am fulis dabeWdvaso. Cven sastik protests vacxadebT aseT
gamosvlis winaaRmdeg. (taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis grigol rcxilaZes.
grigol rcxilaZe. (soc.-fed.) me minda davemyaro im cnobas, rome­
lic misca damfuZnebel krebas finansTa ministris amxanagma b. aval­
ianma. cnobiT dabeWdili yofila 2 miliardi maneTi. man sTqva agredve,
SeiZleba metic daibeWdoso. am dabeWdil Tanxidan 86 mil. gadacemu­
li yofila xazinaSi.

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 Tavis-Tavad cxadia is azri, romelic b-nma finansTa ministrma
ganaviTara. marTlac gansxvavebuli unda iyos ori cnoba: eqspedicia
– beWdva da emisia fulis gamoSveba. es simarTlea. magram amas unda
daurToT is, rom am gansxvavebas beWvdisa da emisiisa paralelurad
Tan unda sdevdes Semdegi gansxvavebac: beWdva aris ubralo meqaniku­
ri procesi da eqspedicia aris is fabrika, sadac es procesi swarmoebs;
xazina ki aris salaro, sadac inaxeba fuli. rodis xdeba es qarxanaSi
damzadebuli qaRaldi, es beWdvis procesi naRd fulad? ra momentia
is momenti, rodesac es qaRaldi gadaiqceva fulad? es momenti gax­
lavT is, rodesac es fuli am qarxnidan gadadis finansTa ministris
gankargulebaSi, moxda es Tu ara? (avaliani: ase moxda!) Tu ase moxda,
maSin araviTari uwesoba ar momxdara.
es aris erTi nawili 860 mil. maneTis Tanxisa. meore nawili ki,
daaxlovebiT 245 mil. man. yofila mocemuli samagierod Zveli emisiis
naSTisa. me ase gavige, rom darCa amier-kavkasiis bonebidan 245 mil.
man. da imis nacvlad xmarebaSi iqmna moyvanili axali dabeWdili bone­
bi. Tu es ase moxda, aqac erTgvari, me ar vityvi ukanonoba, magram uwe­
soba mainc aris. is 245 milioni amier-kavkasiis boni, romelic xazina­
Si aris, aris qoneba da Tu imis samagieroT kidev mivcemT 245 mil. man.
maSin gaxdeba orjel 245 mil. man. es Secvla ki ar aris, es aris gamrav­
leba da Tu am princips mivdevT, maSin fulebis gamravlebas sazRvari
ar eqneba. sruliad saWiro ar aris, rom xazinam gaiRos fuli da sxvas
misces. ase, rom 245 mil. man. am.-kavk. boni fuli iyo da fulad rCeba.
da Tu gamravleba ar xdeba qonebisa, es Tanxa xazinidan unda gadat­
aniliyo iseT dawesebulebaSi, sadac fuli ar inaxeba. maSin iqnebodiT
marTali. exla ki, es am.-kavk. bonebic fulia da mas kidev fuli emateba
da eseni erTad muSaoben. es normaluri muSaoba ar aris. me ar vambob,
rom ukanonobaa, magram uwesoba mainc aris.
Tu am princips davadeqiT, Cven SegviZlian vTqvaT, rom ramdensac
gvinda mivscemT xazinas da emisiis ufleba darRveuli ar iqneba.
unda mogaxsenoT, cnobebi da ganmartebani sruli rom yofili­
yo, saministrodan unda migveRo cnoba, rom 800 mil. gadatanil iqna
xazinaSi, ministris amx. ganmarta, erTi nawili am.-kavkasiis bonebis
nacvlad daixarja – 245 mil., Zveli bonebis – 180 mil., Semosavali iyo
rkinis gzis uwyebidan – 160 mil., Zveli bonebidan darCenili – 225
milioni. magram Cven rom yvela es SevaerTod, 800 mil. man. mainc ver
miviRebT. aq rCeba kidev raRac, romelic ekvivalentis gareSe iqmna
gaSvebuli. (avaliani: xazinaSi rCeba?). Tu es xazinaSi rCeba, es imas
niSnavs, rom ar dauxarjavT, magram es mainc fulia da amitom igi emi­
siaa. me mgoni umjobesi iyo, rom es sakiTxi sruliad ar aRZruliyo,
magram raki aRiZra, yovelive naTlad da cxadaT unda gamoirkves, Tu
gvinda Cveni finansiuri mdgomareoba Zirianad ar Seiryes. aq saeWvo
araferi unda darCes. Tu Secdoma iyo, unda aRiniSnos da gaswordes,
rom SemdegSi aRar ganmeordes. es aris partiuli sakiTxi, es aris Cve­

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ni finansiuri simtkicis sakiTxi. Cven saxelmwifos axlad vaSenebT da
bevri Secdomebi SeiZleba gvqondes da es samarcxvino ar aris. magram
mainc aRsaniSnavia, rom aq Secdomaa – qarxanaSi damzadebuli qaRal­
di fulad aqcies ise, TiTqos araferi xdebodes. Cemis azriT, es Sec­
doma unda aRiniSnos da gaswordes.
Tavmjdomare. batoni Tevzaia viqtor.
viqtor Tevzaia (s.-d.) batonebo, damfuZnebeli krebis wevrno!
Cvenda saubedurod am kiTxvis garCevam damfuZnebel krebaSi miiRo me­
tad arasasurveli xasiaTi. ara imisTvis, rom SemkiTxveli mwvaved Se­
exo am kiTxvas, aramed imitom, rom imaT am sakiTxs daukavSires yvela
is, rac momxdara, an ar momxdara am ori wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTve­
loSi. me marTali unda giTxaT, rom Tavis dReSi arc gamigonia da arc
wamikiTxavs sadme iseTi sityvebi, romlebic iyo aq warmoTqmuli. aseT
texnikur, – bolos da bolos, – isini exeboden ara emisias, texnikas,
aramed exeboden iseTs kiTxvebs, romlebsac isini yovelTvis exebian.
magram Cven gvegona, rom dRes mainc es ase ar moxdeboda da umTavresi
kiTxva iqneboda msjelobis sagnad. magram Cven iZulebuli varT ram­
denadme pasuxi gavceT im kiTxvas, romelic iyo wamoyenebuli da ro­
melsac mWidro kavSiri ara hqonda SemkiTxvelis mier aRZrul sakiT­
xTan. b. leo Sengelaia icavs dRes aq demokratiul weswyobilebas da
demokratizms. es iyo misi leitmotivi, es iyo umTavresi debuleba
misi sityvisa. is imeorebs da yovelTvis laparakobs, rom yvela, mis
garda, demokratiul weswyobilebas ewinaaRmdegeba. b. Sengelaia, ra­
sakvirvelia, imdenad gaTamamda Tavisi axalgazrdobiT am demokra­
tizmis dacvis dros, man iseTi azrebi sTqva, romlebic arsad arc wag­
vikiTxavs da arc aravis gaugia. is iqamde mivida, rom sTqva: fulebis
beWdvis sakiTxi iyos gadawyvetili referendumis saxiTo. me vekiTx­
ebi b. Sengelaias, rodis da sad iyo, rom aseTi mosazreba gamoeTqva
vismes? rasakvirvelia, arsad. es SeuZlebeli iyo. imas rom eTqva es
emisiis Sesaxeb, aq kidev SeeZlo kacs rame efiqra referendumzed, ma­
gram iman sTqva es. da nu Tu man ar icis, rom qaRaldis niSnebi, rom­
lebic ibeWdeba, es kidev fuli ar aris! (xmebi: ar ismis). magram Tvi­
Ton qaRaldis niSnebis dabeWdva eqspediciaSi – fuli ar aris, es aris
ubralo qaRaldis nagleji da es unda scodnoda mas. da me vambob, rom
iman ise Setopa am Tavis demokratizmis dacvaSi, rom daSorda saR
mosazrebas da moiTxova, rom dabeWdva am niSnebisa gadawyvetiliyo
referendumis saSualebiT. ase daemarTeba yovel adamians, rodesac
is airCevs msjelobisaTvis misTvis Seuferebel sagans. aq iyo naTqvami
erTi garemoeba, rom aq es bonebi ibeWdeboda maSin, rodesac saqarTve­
los sazRvars bolSevikebi uaxlovdebodneno. aqedan raRac obujuri
eSmakobiT baton Sengelaiam eWvi Seitana viRacaze da raRacaze, Tu
es SeiZleba ase iTqvas. da meore misma amxanagma ki ukmayofilod sTqva
griSa urataZem zavs xeli moawerao. Cven SegviZlian vifiqroT, rom
is zavi, romelic ruseTsa da saqarTvelos Soris aris dadebuli, mas

466
metad awuxebs. maT imedi hqondaT, rom bolSevikebis gamarjvebiT isi­
ni aq did gavlenas moipovebdnen da mTeli maTi sityva amaze iyo war­
moTqmuli. magram me vambob, rom is elementi, romlebic asazrdoebden
Tqvens fsiqologias, is xalxi, romelic Tqven gaZlevdaT xmas am arCev­
nebSi da romelic ambobda, rom gadasaxadebi ar aris saWirovo da amis
winaaRmdeg Tqven zomebs ar iRebdiT – me geubnebiT, rom aseTi xalxi
Tqven xelidan wagivaT da miuvaT imaT, visac bunebrivad ekuTvnian.
me vambob, rom Tqven maTi primitiuli fsiqologiis imedi gqondaT...
didad Sewuxebulni arian isini, rom demokratiul saxelmwifom ar
misca maT saSualeba moexdinaT gamosvla, arev-dareva SeetanaT Cvens
saxelmwifoSi da droze zavs xeli moawera. es aris namdvili da es
unda geTqvaT Tqven, Tu pirdapirebi da vaJkacebi xarT.
aq, amas garda, rasakvirvelia, CamoTvales kidec yvela saminis­
troebi da ar darCenila arc erTi patara dawesebuleba, rom ar dae­
saxelebinaT. da sxvaTa Soris Seexen iseTs dawesebulebas, romelic
usaTuod maTi qebis Rirsi iyo da sTqves, rom sasursaTo saministro
araviTar angariSs ar iZlevao. erTi maTgani aris sabiujeto komisiis
wevri da man kargad icis, rom warmodgenilia Semosaval-gasavlis an­
gariSi am saministrosi. da aq aris moyvanili utyuari cifri, rom 245
milioni maneTi wminda mogeba darCa saministros am operaciidan. isini
– eserebi – xom mowadinebuli arian sazogado warmoebis SemoRebisa,
sazogado iniciativisa, amas yvelgan amboben, magram Tu Cven sazoga­
do iniciativam aqedan moigo rame, miuxedavad amisa Cven saqonels vy­
iddiT ufro iafad, vidre yidden kerZo mwarmoebelni, amas ebrZvian.
me vambob, rom es ar aris demokratiuli brZola, vityvi pirdapir, es
aris adamianuri brZola. (gaurkveveli xmebi). es yovlad miuRebelia.
b. leo Sengelaia, me avReldi ara imisTvis, rom pasuxismgebeli var
Cemi sityvebisTvis, ra Tqma unda, me ufro pasuxismgebeli var, vidre
b. Sengelaia. rodesac baton Sengelaiam daiCema, rom emisia da beW­
dva erTiao, me vsTqvi, rom am kacs, SeiZleba marTla ar esmis meTqi es.
me vfiqrobdi, rom es kaci uTuod urevs or cnebas, romelic rogorc
ganacxada pativcemulma rcxilaZem, yvelasaTvis udaoa da gasagebi.
radganac utyuari aris, rom dabeWdva da mere gamoSveba sul sxva aris
iuridiulad da faqtiurad, ori sxva da sxva moqmedeba aris ekonomi­
uri. erTi aris dabeWdva, meore gamoSveba, emisia.
batonebo! SemiZlia vTqva fraqciis saxeliT, rom am ori cnebis
arevas ver miviReb, radgan es iqneboda ekonomiuri absurdi.
amnairaT Cven, TavisTavad cxadia, es SekiTxva gvegona iyo marTla
SekiTxva emisiaze, 2 miliardze. saidan movida es cnoba? cnoba mog­
vividao – mouvidodaT cnoba, ar vici visgan. Cven ki SevityveT maSinve,
rom emisiaze laparaki ar aris. yovel mxriv gavarCieT da davrwmun­
diT, rom laparaki emisiaze ar aris. amaze dava ar aris.
radgan es ori mTavari debuleba damtkicda, Semdegi kiTxva dar­
Ca umniSvnelo kiTxvad. magram unda mogaxsenoT, rom saxelmwifos

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aSeneba da saxelmwifos dangreva SeiZleba or nairaT. erTi – pirda­
piri gamosvliT, vaJkacurad, raindulad da kargad ici vin gebrZvis;
es umjobesia; ici visTan gaqvs saqme, ici ra programa aqvs, pirisp­
ir gebrZvian. isini intrigis iaraRi ar arian, magram safrangeTis
parlamentSi iyo, saubeduroT, Cveulebrivad, rom dainteresebu­
li jgufebi, dainteresebuli spekuliaturi wreebi Semoitanden
SekiTxvas, amiT birJaze Seqmniden gangaSs da mdidrdeboden. magram
safrangeTSi iyo erTi fraqcia, romelsac es Tavis dReSi ar uqnia.
es iyo socialisturi fraqcia. igi Tavis dReSi ar yofila iaraRaT
aseTi gamosvlebisa. Cven viciT erTi SemTxveva, roca safrangeTis
jarma marokos midamoebSi daxoca xalxi, daangria saxlebi. suraTi
fotografiuli gadasces Joress, magram Joresma ar ineba, rom ucx­
oelebisaTvis es faqti gamoemJRavnebia da tribunaze yofiliyo ga­
motanili. es ambavi wynarad Catarda. es SemTxveva, romelic uaRre­
sad kritikuli iyo, rom ar gamoeyenebia ucxo Zalas mis samSoblos
winaaRmdeg, ar gamoamJRavna. magram Cven ki, Cvenda saubedurod, es
kargi Tviseba parlamentisa ver Segvignia da cudi _ ki. aris SekiT­
xva damfuZnebel krebaSi imaze, ibeWdeboda fulebi da es SekiTxva
ibeWdeba dainteresebul gazeTebSi. me imas ar vityvi, rom eseni Seg­
nebulaT arian iaraRi am xalxisa. sruliadac ara. amiT isini gvim­
tkiceben, rom finansiur operaciaze didi warmodgena ara aqvT. da
TavisTavad cxadia, aseTi xalxi SeiZleba gaxdes Seugnebeli iaraRi
im xalxisa, romelic Zirs uTxris Cvens damoukideblobas. Zirs uT­
xris im damoukideblobas, romelsac Cvenis azriT, b. nucubiZe da
misi am­xanagebi unda icavden da emsaxureboden.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. avalians.
avaliani (finansTa ministris amxanagi). warmoidgineT, Cven rom
sazRvar gared SegvekveTa fulebis dabeWdva. 50 weliwadi gaxlavT
rac argentina Tavis fulebs beWdavs da ar yofila arc erTi Sem­
Txveva, rom mTavrobisTvis, an parlamentisTvis amis ufleba gamoeT­
xova. rodesac ruseTSi kerenskis mTavroba gaxldaT da germanelebi
moawvnen petrograds da SesaZlebeli iyo, rom bevr simdidris ga­
datanas kerenskis mTavroba ver moaswrebda, maSin eqspedicia gax­
snes penzaSi da iq beWdavden fuls. mxolod am fulis gamoSveba ver
moaswres da rodesac bolSevikebi penzaSi Sevidnen da TavianTi niS­
nebi SemoakldaT, exla ramodenime aTeuli milioni maneTiT sarge­
blobden isini. ase rom arsad erT sityvasac ver naxavT, rom fulis
dabeWdva-damzadebisaTvis saWiro iyos kanonmdebel dawesebulebis
dadgenileba. es gaxlavT sruliad ubralo texnikuri saqme, amas
unda mowyoba, amas unda texnika da mere iwyeba mTavari sakiTxi. ras
niSnavs fulis emisia? es imas niSnavs, rom im damzadebul fulis niS­
nebs mTavroba iqneba, Tu saTanado dawesebuleba – uSvebs da swored
aq iqceva fulad da amis garda, fuls, emisias Tavisi wesi aqvs. is
mzaddeba seriebiT. ase rom emisia, gamoSveba fulisa gulisxmobs

468
erTgvar iuridiul moments, rodesac am ubralo qaRaldis niSans
aqcevT fulad. ase rom TandaTanobiT gamoSveba fulisa ganicdis or
moments. imisTvis, rom es ubralo qaRaldis fulis niSnebi aqcion
fulad, amisTvis saWiro aris kanonmdeblobiTi dawesebulebis dad­
genileba. maSasadame Cven rom fuls vbeWdavdiT da dResac vbeWdavT,
am fuls fulad ar vaqcevT, vinaidan, vsTqvaT, rom gamouSvi seria me-
72, es iqneba yalbi fuli. Cven eqspediciaSi moxda borot-moqmedeba,
erTi seria gafuWda, Cven is seria gavabaTileT, ase rom fulis niSne­
bi fulad iqceva mxolod maSin, roca mas amis Zala miecema. maSasadame
is qaRaldi, romelic Cven gvaqvs dawyobili, ar aris fuli. magram
amisTvis saWiroa Tadarigi, rom moTxovnilebisTanave, fulis niS­
nebi mzad iyos, Torem, Tu es ase ar moxda, usaTuod moxdeba anarqia.
Tqven rom gvisayvedurebT, rom fulis beWdva daiwyeT maSin, rodesac
bolSevikebi moadgnen saqarTvelos sazRvrebs, me mogaxsenebT, rom
sami kviris ganmavlobaSi eqspedicia muSaobda 21 saaTs dReSi, imi­
tom rom bolSevikebis Semotevam gamoiwvia xarjebis gadideba. Cven
xom ar vicodiT, rom es omi erT an ors, an sams Tves gagrZeldeboda.
xom ar SeiZleba fuli dabeWdoT maSin, rodesac saTanado sakredito
qaRaldi mova. ase rom es moxda imitom, rom xarji gaizarda, moTxov­
nileba meti iyo. rac Seexeba imas, rom Cven viTom ufleba ar gvqonda
imisi, rom xazinaSi Segvenaxa fulis niSnebi, vinaidgan rac xazina­
Si Sedis, igi amave dros simdidred iqceva. eqspediciaSi dabeWdili
fuli mis gareSe ar unda inaxebodes, es gaugebrobaa. Tqven kargaT
mogexsenebaT, rom Cven iseTi eqspedicia gvaqvs, rom iq didi fulis
Senaxva ar SeiZleba. xazinaSi Cven is niSnebi mxolod Sesanaxad mogva­
qvs. Tqven SegiZlianT SeitanoT xazinaSi dabeWdili yuTi, romelze­
dac Tundac Sig agurebis meti araferi ewyos, Cven SevadgenT aqts da
miviRebT. da swored aseTs aqts vadgenT, rodesac mogvaqvs Sesanaxad
es niSnebi. aseTi da aseTi seria, fuli ki ara – niSnebi, am aqts vad­
genT Cven da sagangebo salaroSi vinaxavT da WeSmariti Rirebuleba
mas ara aqvs, sanam xazinamdis ar miuva kantrolis nebadarTva, rom am
yuTebis gaxsna da fulis gamoReba SeuZlian. ase rom Senaxva ara xdis
fulis niSnebs fulad, aq iyo naTqvami, rom ar aris aq, ase vsTqvaT,
erTnairi sinamdvile. rom 800 milioni maneTis emisiis gareSe dai­
xarja, romlis nebarTva ar miucia finansTa uwyebisaTvis sakanon­
mdeblo dawesebulebaso da Cven gveubnebian, rom im Semosavlis
daxarjva, romelic Semovida, amis daxarjva SeuZlebeli ariso, es
aris emisiis gareSe. me Tqven mogaxseneT, saidgan Sesdga es fuli. es
im niSnebidgan Sesdga, romelic gamovida sxva da sxva emisiis ZaliT
da igive fuli Semovida xazinaSi sxva da sxva gadasaxadis saxiT. ma­
Sasadame es 800 milioni fuli, moqceuli aris im emisiis farglebSi,
romelic ukve iyo. es imas niSnavs, rom im emisiis farglebidgan Cven
srulebiT ar gamovsulvarT. da madloba unda uTxraT uwyebas, rom
TiTqmis 2/3 xarjebisa es im emisiis aris, romelic hqonda. amisTvis

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Cven sruliadac ar viyaviT valdebulni, rom vinmesTvis migvemarTa.
es aris buijetidgan navaraudevi Semosavali, romelic amtkicebs
im operaciebis meTormete nawils. maSasadame Tqven meTormete naw­
ils amtkicebT im operaciisas, romelic nagulisxmevi aris biujet­
Si. 180 milioni ukve gamoSvebuli aris. ai msjeloba iwyeba aqedan,
rogor moxda, rom ucbad gadaaxurdaveso. es erT dRes ar momxara,
es ucbad ar momxdara. amas Cven mudam, yovel dRe vcvlidiT, vaxur­
davebdiT, ese igi yovel dRe Semodioda da yovel dRe vaxurdaveb­
diT. maSasadame Tu xazinaSi Semovida 100 milioni dafleTili fuli
da gaveciT 100 milioni axali fuli, es niSnavs imas, rom Cven am 100
mi­lions vauqmebT da mis magivrad axali qaRaldis niSnebi gamodis.
Cven SegveZlo ar dagvexurdavebina, magram ar SeiZleba imis xmareba
da amis magivrad Semogvaqvs axali fuli, e. i. rogorc iyo 100 mili­
oni, ise darCa 100 milioni.
maSasadame arc am SemTxvevaSi momxdara emisiis gadideba. Cven
erTi kapikic ar gamogviSvia emisiis gareSe, imis garda, rac emisiiT
iyo gansazRvruli. ase rom araviTari darRveva sabiujeto uflebis
ar momxdara. amis garda unda mogaxsenoT erTi ram: nu Tu finansTa
ministrs ara aqvs ufleba xazinaSi sakredito operacia moaxdinos?
b. Sengelaias Zalian eucxova ris sakredito operaciao, me megona,
rom baton Sengelaiam icoda ra aris sakredito operacia, exla ki is
gaigebda amas. finansTa ministrs SeuZlian Tu ara xazinaSi moaxdinos
raime sesxi, moaxdinos Tanxebidgan, e. i. erTi jgufis gadajgufeba
moaxdinos meoreSi da fulis niSnebis ricxvi ki ar gamravldes? amis
ufleba ara aqvs? da Tu amas moiTxovs eri, momenti, bazari, birJa da
sxva, ar SeuZlian finansTa ministrs es moaxdinos? mas ar SeuZlian
iseTi ufleba hqondes, rom mihmarTos romelime banaks masesxe amdeni
da amdeni fulio? aseTi uflebas Tu waarTmevT, umjobesi iqneba es
uwyeba sruliad gaauqmoT. amas vardgenT maSin, roca fulis niSnebi
Cven gvWirdeba. es sruliad ar adidebs ricxvs qaRaldis fulis ric­
xvebisas. es unda Seignon maT. eseni angariSs ar uweven imas, rom xazin­
as moemata Semosavali da araviTari uflebis darRveva ar yofila da
es rom yofiliyo, – sadao ra gvaqvs, batonebo, wavideT, daniSneT dro,
wamobrZandiT xazinaSi da naxeT. Tqven ar gjeraT – mobrZandiT, nax­
eT da maSin daijerebT. magram sanam Tqven amas daijerebdeT, anbanuri
WeSmariteba unda SeiTvisoT, rom emisia aris ufleba, amas sWirde­
ba kanonmdeblobiTi dawesebulebis dadgenileba, beWdva ki texnikaa
da Tavdarigi da mas ar sWirdeba ufleba. da Zlier samwuxaro aris,
rom aseTi anbanuri WeSmaritebis gasagebad SemogaqvT aseTi rixiani
SekiTxva da me mogaxsenebT, imaT sasixarulod, vinc apireben Cveni res­
publikis Ziris gamoTxras, SeiZleba es uvicobiT mouvidaT, magram es
ase moxda da bazarma ukve xma misca amas, bazarma ukve fasebi aswia. da
Tu es iyo Tqveni mizani, Tqveni mizani ukve miRweuli aris.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. nucubiZes.

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 ilia nucubiZe. (s.-r.). batonebo! me Teoretiul davas ar gamoudge­
bi. faqtebs mivaqcev Tqven yuradRebas. me vTqvi, rom 19 aprilidan 29
maisamde dabeWdili aris 1.501.300.500 man. aqedan ukve daxarjulia
800 mil. man. 7 ivniss dabeWdili iyo 2.026.673.900 man. boni da gace­
muli brZaneba xazinisadmi, rom mas SeuZlia daixarjos 1.100.000.000
man. boni. batoni avalianis ganmartebam kidev damarwmuna imaSi, rom
safinanso uwyebas didi ukanonoba Caudenia. b. avalianma moiyvana sxva
da sxva mosazrebebi, magram es mosazrebebi aSkarad amtkicebden, rom
b. avalians unda rogorme Tavi daaxwios uxerxul mdgomareobas, raime
gamosavali naxos, rasac ver naxulobs da verc naxavs. me kidev kate­
goriulad vamtkiceb, rom aralegaluradaa daxarjuli miliardamde
da Tu uwyeba marTalia da mas WeSmaritebis ar eSinia, me winadadeba
Semomaqvs avirCioT sagangebo komisia damf. krebis yvela fraqciebis
warmomadgenelTagan da am komisiis gamoZieba dagvanaxvebs b-n aval­
ianis „saqmianobas“. magram Tqven aseT komisiis arCevaze uars ityviT,
radgan geSiniaT borotebis gamomJRavnebisa.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis damfuZnebeli krebis wevrs b. leo
Sengelaias.
leo Sengelaia. (s.-r.) moqalaqeno, damfuZnebeli krebis wevrno!
is SekiTxva, romelic aq Cvenma fraqciam Semoitana da romelic aris
dRes Tqveni yuradRebis sagani, exeba Cveni politikur cxovrebis erT
udides problemas. igi mkafiod da garkveulad svams Cvens winaSe Sem­
deg kardinal kiTxvas: arsebobs Tu ara CvenSi pasuxismgebeli mTav­
roba, arsebobs Tu ara CvenSi saxalxo warmomadgenloba da Tu eseni
arseboben – raSi gamoixateba pirvelis pasuxismgebloba da raSi ga­
moixateba meoresi arseboba? ai is kiTxvebi, romlebzedac unda gasces
damfuZnebelma krebam pasuxi ara marto deklaratiuli, ara marto
principialuri, aramed pasuxi arsebiTi, pasuxi saqmiT! (xma adgili­
dan: gascems!) am SekiTxvaze damfuZnebelma krebam unda gamoitanos
iseTi dadgenileba, romelic Sehferis mis sruluflebianobas, rome­
lic savsebiT daicavs mis uflebebsa da prestiJs da amave dros erTx­
el da samudamod mouspobs mSromeli xalxis uflebaTa uzurpaciis
survils yvela avantiuristebs, Tundac eseni mTavrobaSi Sedioden!
(xmauroba soc.-dem. skamebze).
Cven, moqalaqeno, ara erTxel gadagviSlia damfuZnebel krebis wi­
naSe saSineli suraTi Cveni marTva-gamgeobisa, ara erTxel gadagviS­
lia saSineli faqtebi mmarTveli wreebis upasuxismgeblobisa, magram
is sakiTxi, romelic aris dRevandeli SekiTxvis sagani, sul sxva kate­
goriis movlenaa. aq ar aris laparaki ubralo moxeleTa Secdomebze,
maT TviTnebobaze, aq ar aris laparaki arc kerZo moqalaqeTa ufle­
bebis darRvevaze, maT uaryofaze. ara. aq aris laparaki mTavrobis
borotmoqmedebaze, aq aris laparaki damfuZnebeli krebis ZiriTad
uflebebis gaqarwylebaze! (xmauroba. xmebi: es Seuwynarebulia!).
me vfiqrobdi, rom am sakiTxSi ar iqneboda disonansi, rom am

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sakiTxis garCevis dros erTs mxareze iqneboda damfuZnebeli kreba,
rogorc aseTi in corpora, xolo meore mxareze iqneboda misi uflebebis
damrRvevi da uarmyofeli mTavroba Tu calke pirebi.
me vfiqrobdi, rom am SemTxvevaSi mainc social-demokratia am­
aRldeboda jgufur interesebze da Tavis-Tavs ar Caagdebda im un­
ter-oficris colis sasacilo mdgomareobaSi, romelmac Tavis-Tavi
garozga, magram im sityvidan da aplodismentidan, romelic aq ga­
isma, CvenTvis erTxel kidev aSkaravdeba, rom social-demokratiis
demokratizmi iseve yalbi da saeWvoa, rogorc yalbi da saeWvoa misi
socializmi! (xmauroba soc.-dem. skamebze).
batonebo! mTavrobam daarRvia yvelaze ufro Zlieri, yvelaze
ufro realuri ufleba saxalxo warmomadgenlobisa – es aris misi sa­
biujeto-saemisio uflebebi.
marTalia, TeoriaSi mTeli Zala-ufleba, rogorc aRmasrule­
buli, ise sakanonmdeblo ekuTvnis damfuZnebel krebas, magram faq­
tiurad mTeli SeiaraRebuli Zala saxelmwifosi, mTeli milicia,
marTva-gamgeobis mTeli aparati mTavrobis xelSi aris, maSasadame,
saxalxo warmomadgenlobas darCenia erTad-erTi ufleba, erTad-er­
Ti realuri Zala, romlis winaSe qedi unda moixaros aRmasrulebel­
ma organom. mas aqvs erTad-erTi saSualeba, romelmac sazRvari unda
daudvas aRmasrulebeli Zalis TviTnebobasa da kaprizebs – es aris
finansebi, maTi emisia, kreditebi da rodesac am sferoSi tlanqad da
uceremoniod iWreba aRmasrulebeli Zala, Cven unda vsTqvaT, rom ru­
bikoni gadalaxulia, rom CvenSi saxalxo warmomadgenloba gauqmebu­
lia. (soc.-dem. xmebi: es demagogiaa!).
monarqebisaTvis saxelmwifos finansebi, maTi emisia da daxarjva
ubralo sakiTxi iyo.
maT Tavis sakuTrebad miaCndaT mTeli saxelmwifo, moqalaqeTa si­
cocxle da qoneba.
saxelmwifos finansuri problemebi maTTvis iyo maTi kerZo meur­
neobis sakiTxebi.
demokratiam yvelaze sastiki ieriSebi swored aq miitana monarqi­
aze. man – demokratiam, adre gaigo, rom fuli, xazina is saSineli
iaraRia, romelic amagrebs taxtebs, romelic erT muWa jgufs aZlevs
SeZlebas ibatonos mTel erze, Tavze moaxvios mTels qveyanas Tavisi
survilebi, brZanebani.
demokratiis saukunoebiTma brZolam gasWra da yvelaze ufro
didi ufleba, romelic evropaSi monarqebma warsul saukuneSi da­
karges – iyo sabiujeto uflebebi! demokratiul saxelmwifoSi Tun­
dac kapikis daxarjva, Tundac kapikis emisia, Tu mas ara aqvs saxalxo
warmomadgenlobis sanqcia – absoluturad miuRebelia! da rodesac
Cveni egredwodebuli socialisturi da demokratiuli mTavroba be­
Wdavs da xarjavs ara kapeikebs, aramed miliardebs, ra aris es, Tu ara
namdvili Cont d´Etat, Cumi gadatrialeba?!

472
 is, rac moxda, fsiqologiurad savsebiT gasagebi aris. Tamamad
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom iseTi wesebi, iseTi tradiciebi, romlebic Cven­
Si damyarda, arc erT WeSmarit demokratiul saxelmwifoSi ar aris.
Cveni mTavroba oms acxadebs – arafers gvekiTxeba, zavs kravs – ar
gvekiTxeba, arsdeba axali saministroebi, Cven ki mxolod cnobisaTvis
gvawvdian. amis Semdeg ra gasakviria, rom man damfuZnebel krebas sa­
biujeto uflebebic waarTva?!
Cven gvinda vicodeT, rodemdis gagrZeldeba yovelive es da Tu
gagrZeldeba, ra azri aqvs Cvens aq yofnas, ra moxele varT Cven, ro­
gorc saxalxo warmomadgenlebi?!
Cvens winaSe aris ori sakiTxi: erTi aris wminda uflebrivi, meore
finansiur-ekonomiuri. hqonda Tu ara mTavrobas damfuZnebeli krebis
dasturis gareSe ufleba axali emisiisa?! es aris pirveli da mTavari
sakiTxi da aq uyoymanoT, kategoriulad unda iTqvas, rom mTavrobas
amis ufleba ar hqonda. mTavrobam aq daarRvia damfuZnebeli krebis
ZiriTadi uflebebi. is damnaSavea! (xmauroba soc.-dem. skamebze).
ukanasknelma emisiam didi kamaTi gamoiwvia. maSin, didis bodiS­
iT, Cven gveubneboden: meti gamosavali ara gvaqvs – emisia unda miiRo­
To. Cven gveubneboden, es emisia imisaTvis gvinda, rom sesxi aviRoT,
rom bonebis kursi avwioTo. gvpirdebodnen finansiuri mdgomareobis
gamokeTebas, mis gajansaRebas. dRes ki ras vxedavdT? arc erTi miza­
ni, romelic maSin iyo wamoyenebuli, miRweuli ar aris, – bonis kursi
saSinlad daeca da swored am dros mTavroba Cumad mimarTavs miliar­
debis emisias. aq aramc Tu ar aris raime gasamarTlebeli sabuTi, ar
aris arc danaSaulobis Semamsubuqebeli garemoebac ki.
marTalia, aq moiyvanes zogierTi mosazrebebi, magram eseni pirda­
pir sasaciloa. aq iyo laparaki momentis Sesaxeb. amboben – momenti
ar iyo xelsayreli, es gaxmaurdebodao da sxva. jer erTi Tqven yov­
elTvis ase laparakobT, Tqven yovelTvis eweviT momentis spekulia­
cias, magram amas rom Tavi davaneboT, xom SeiZleboda, rom es sakiTxi
swored momentis simwvavis gamo sruliad mSvidobianad Cagvetare­
bia?! SeiZleboda misi ganxilva daxurul karebSi, SeiZleboda mogve­
wvia prezidiumisa da fraqciaTa warmomadgenlebis TaTbiri da sxva.
aq sTqves agreTve: daxeuli fulebi gvqondao, magram erTi gvi­
brZaneT, mas Semdeg, rac qaRaldis fulebi iqna SemoRebuli, saxelmwi­
fos rodis ar hqonda daxeuli fulebi?!
Tqven ambobT: axlo momavalSi biujeti unda ganxiluliyo da
amaze maSin SeiZleboda laparakio. es yovlad miuRebeli mosazreba
gaxlavT. SeiZleba biujeti davamtkicoT, magram emisia saWiro ar
iqnes. es ori sxva da sxva sagani, sxva da sxva cneba aris!
Cven ara erTxel gvsmenia, romeli kanoni daarRvia mTavrobamo?
SeiZleba dResac gviTxran, Tqven romel kanonze laparakobT, jer xom
konstitucia ar migviRiao. mogaxsenebT romel kanonzea aq laparaki.
Cven veyrdnobiT im konstitucias, romelic moiTxovs, rom mTeli Za­

473
la-ufleba ekuTvnis damfuZnebel krebas. Cven veyrdnobiT im konsti­
tucias, romelic moiTxovs, rom Tavisufal demokratiul qveyanaSi
iyos pasuxismgebeli mTavroba, romelsac ar SeuZlia moiTxovos iseTi
uflebebi, romelic misTvis sakanonmdeblo organos ar miuniWebia.
Cven moviwvieT damfuZnebeli kreba, romeli konstituciis ZaliT,
Cven avirCieT mTavroba, romeli konstituciis ZaliT? erTi sityviT
Cven gvaqvs demokratiis konstitucia, romelic CvenTvis savalde­
buloa, amis garda Cven gvaqvs dawerili konstituciac, es aris Cve­
ni programebi, am programebSi sweria demokratiis batonoba, misi
sakanonmdebli organoebis winaSe.
Tqven iciT, rom 26 maiss Cven gamovacxadeT Cveni damoukide­
bloba. pirveli sakiTxi, romelic amis Semdeg daisva, iyo mTavrobis
arCeva, xolo meore sakiTxi iciT ra iyo? meore sakiTxi, romelic 26
maisis aqtis miRebis Semdeg daisva, iyo finansiuri sakiTxi. erovnu­
li sabWos maSindeli Tavmjdomare iyo b. n. Jordania. im sxdomaze
man dasva sakiTxi finansebis Sesaxeb da moiTxovda sabWos pasuxs da
rodesac sabWos erTma wevrma am sakiTxis gadadeba moisurva, b. Jor­
daniam upasuxa, es sakiTxi didaT mniSvnelovani aris, misi gadadeba
SeuZlebelia, axlave unda gadawydeso. ase iyo yovelTvis da yvelgan,
sadac esmodaT movaleoba da pasuxismgebloba!
Cven gvaqvs kidev sxva kanoni, Cvens bonebze sweria: yalbi bonebis
damzadebisTvis damnaSaveni daisjebian sisxlis samarTlis kanonebi­
To. Cven swored amas moviTxovT, es xom mTavrobis mier aris dawerili.
Cven moviTxovT, Tu mTavroba Cvens kanonebs asrulebs, mis mier daw­
erili kanoni mainc Seasrulos! magram SeiZleba finansiuris, ekono­
miuris TvalsazrisiT misaRebi iyos axali miliardiani emisia?! Sei­
Zleba Cveni qveynisTvis ukeTesi iyos, rac SeiZleba meti bonebi iqneba.
rogorc sCans, mTavroba swored ase fiqrobs, magram es rom ase iyos,
maSin bonebi ar gaCndeboden swored maSin, rodesac saxel­mwifoebi
gakotrebas daadgen. yvelasTvis cnobili aris, rom aucilebeli Se­
degi, romelic mohyveba bonebis gamravlebas, aris maTi kursis dace­
ma da rom es ase aris, amis dasamtkiceblad ar aris saWiro zogadi
Teoretiuli mosazrebani, ar aris saWiro politikuri ekonomiis
daskvnebi da debulebani, amisTvis sakmarisia gadavxedoT Cvens axlo
warsuls. yoveli emisiis Semdeg Cveni bonis kursi ecemoda, xolo
ukanaskneli emisiis Semdeg ise sagrZnoblad daeca bonis kursi, rom
Cveni maneTi, rogorc erTeuli, ukve karga xania ar arsebobs.
bonebi es is bacilebi aris, romelsac Cveni mTavroba xelovnu­
rad amravlebs Cveni meurneobis, Cveni mrewvelobis elementaruli
higienis ucodinarobis gamo. Cveni ekonomiuri mdgomareoba, Cveni
finansiuri krizisi, bonebis gamocemiT ar iqneba daZleuli, aq sa­
Wiro aris warmoebis axali organizacia, axali gzebi. aq upirveles
yovlisa Tqven unda uaryoT Tqveni formula kapitalizmiT social­
izmisakeno.

474
 erTis mxriT socialisturi mTavroba, socialisturi damfuZnebe­
li kreba, xolo meores mxriT kapitalizmi, misi batonoba, misi Tavis­
ufali ganviTareba iseTi anomalia aris, romlis msgavsi istoriam ar
icis! Tqven geSiniaT sazogadoebrivi iniciativis, xolo kerZo inicia­
tivas Tqveni eSinia!..
aseT pirobebSi Cveni ekonomiuri winsvla, Cveni finansiuri ga­
janmrTeleba SeuZlebelia! dRemdis CvenSi kanonierad gamocemulia
miliard naxevari maneTis boni, xolo ukanonoT 19 aprilidan gamoce­
mulia kidev miliard naxevarze meti, maSasadame daaxloebiT Cven­
Si trialebs 3-4 miliardi maneTis boni, sad midis, raSi ixarjeba es
Tanxa? iqneb Tqven gaaCaReT warmoeba, aRadgineT Cveni dangreuli da
gapartaxebuli meurneoba? arc erTi, arc meore!..
iqneb gaaneleT spekuliacia, SeebrZoleT siZvires? magram amis
Tqma xom SeuZlebelia, siZvirem aramc Tu ar moiklo, is piriqiT dRi­
Ti-dRe matulobs. saqme iqamde mivida, rom qaTmis kvercxi dRes aTjer
meti Rirs, vidre wined TviT qaTami Rirda, xolo erTi boTli Rvino
dRes imdeni Rirs, ramdenic wineT erTi uReli xari Rirda! magram Sei­
Zleba Tqven moagvareT transporti, SeiZineT gemebi? magram am mxriT
Cveni mdgomareoba xom pirvel yofilze uaresia? Zvelad Tqven iciT,
iyo erTi noe, magram mas erTi navi mainc qonda. dRes aris erTi noe da
erTi navic ara gvaqvs!..
rodesac ukvirdebiT im pirobebs, romlebSic moxda ukanaskneli
ukanono emisia – ori garemoeba ipyrobs Cvens yuradRebas: soc.-demokra­
tiam jer gareT gaagzavna kontroliori, mere xeli ausva da beWda da
beWda bonebi. es kidev araferi. ratomRac es miliard-naxevari boni ma­
Sin dabeWdes, rodesac Cven bolSevikuri ruseTi gviaxlovdeboda, da
rom RmerTi gamwyraliyo Cvenze da saqme cudaT wasuliyo, me vfiqrob,
am bonebis gamocemas kaci ver gaigebda! (xmauroba soc.-dem. skamebze).
zogierTs gonia, rom am ukanono emisiis garSemo aur-zauris atexa
CvenTvis ufro mavnebelia, vidre TviT ukanono emisia, rom es avnebs
Cvens damoukideblobas, TiTqos Cven daTvur samsaxurs uwevT Cvens sam­
Soblos da sxva. swored amaze ityvian `Cemi Sen giTxari – guli mogika­
lio~. Cveni damoukideblobis saSineli mteri aris demokratiis ufle­
bebis uzurpacia, maTi abuCad agdeba. es aris Cveni respublikisaTvis
damRupveli. Cven eqsaresiT mivdivarT monarqiisaken. es aSkaraa mas
Semdeg, rac mTavrobis Tavmjdomare gaxda respublikis umaRlesi war­
momadgeneli, rac mas mieniWa raRac gansakuTrebuli uflebebi, gana es
respublikisaTvis ufro didi safrTxe ar aris?! ori weliwadia, rac
CvenSi arsebobs sakanonmdeblo organo, am xnis ganmavlobaSi Cven erTx­
elac ar gvinaxavs, rom mTavrobam, an mis romelime wevrma pasuxi agos
sakanonmdeblo organos winaSe. nu Tu, batonebo, am xnis ganmavlobaSi
mTavrobas, an mis wevrs Secdoma ar mosvliaT?! soc.-demok. erTi orig­
inaluri saSvaleba SemoiRo, Tu RmerTma qna da romelime ministri, an
misi amxanagi delegaciaSi moxvda sadme, is Semdeg Tavis posts veRar

475
daubrundeba, mxolod am saxis Tu tardeba CvenSi ministris pasuxis
mgebloba! (sicili). damfuZnebel krebas ara aqvs texnikurad saSvale­
ba Tval-yuri adevnos, Tu ramdeni fuli dabeWda mTavrobam, ramdeni
daxarja da sxva amisaTvis arsebobs saxelmwifo kontroli. misi pirda­
piri movaleobaa darajaT edges xalxis yovel kapiks, xalxis fulebs,
maT daxarjvas, maT gamocemas. me minda gavigo sad aris kontrolio­
ri?! raT ar ismis misi mrisxane xma, misi ulmobeli Tvali sad aris?!
kontroliori sdums, gaCumebulia, vinaidan CvenSi ar arsebobs kon­
troliori, diax, CvenSi ar arsebobs kontroliori, arsebobs mxolod
mumia da ara kontroliori! amnairad Cven vamtkicebT, rom ara marto
daibeWda bonebi, rogorc aq gvarwmuneben, aramed es bonebi trialSi
gaSvebulia – ese igi moxda ukanono emisia. amis uaryofa ver SesZlo b.
avalianma Tavis mikibul-mokibul ganmartebaSi. Cven moviTxovT, rom
damfuZnebelma krebam aqedan saWiro daskvnebi gamoitanos, Cven mov­
iTxovT, rom mCagravs sastiki pasuxi moeTxovos, Cven vambobT: Cven ar
gvinda mTavroba, romelic falSivo-monetCikebisagan Sesdgeba, misi
adgili aris ara aq, aramed bixovTan erTad cixeSi! (xmauroba).
Tavmjdomare. sityva b. TofuriZes ekuTvnis.
d. TofuriZe. (s.-d.) b-bo, aq eserebis warmomadgenelebma imdeni ram
brZanes, rom magaT kval da kval rom gavyveT, SeuZlebeli iqneba raime
Sinaarsis da daskvnis gamotana. me vecdebi aq mokled Sevexo sakiTxs. ra
braldebebi wamoayenes? saministrom Caidina siyalbe, borotmoqmede­
ba, dabeWda fulebi emisiis gareSe da gamouSva trialSi, roca mas amis
ufleba ara hqondao. exla mogaxsenebT mokled umTavres muxlebze da
cifrebze ramdensame sityvas. dabeWdes Tu ara imis meti, rac emisiiT
iyo dadgenili? me mogaxsenebT meti dabeWdes, raTa fuli gamosuliyo
bazarze, magram amas unda gageba da maSin es faqti sruliad sxvanai­
rad iqneba gaSuqebuli. amaze ilaparaka bevrma: ministrma, federal­
istebis warmomadgenelma da yvelam erTxmad gamosTqva azri, rom amaSi
araferia ukanono da danaSauli ar ariso. es sruliad bunebrivia da
samwuxaro is aris, rom damf. krebaSi, sadac kanonebi unda vsweroT,
elementar kiTxvebze gvixdeba leqciebis kiTxva.
xSirad sxva saxelmwifoSiac beWdaven niSnebs da am niSnebs Zala
eZleva, roca saTanadod iqneba damowmebuli. manam ki es aris ubralo
qaRaldi da araviTari fulis mniSvneloba ar aqvs. magram, rodesac
sakanonmdeblo organo mTavrobas aZlevs uflebas gamouSvas es fuli
bazarze, maSin eZleva mas fulis mniSvneloba. es imdenad martivi
debulebaa, rom amaze laparaki sircxvilia. erTi ram aris, rasac min­
istrma miaqcia Tqveni yuradReba, beWdva – es aris ubralo qarxnis
muSaoba. (Sengelaia: ratom 20 miliardi ar dabeWda?) samwuxarod ase­
Ti ubralo saqmis Taobaze gvalaparakeben.
axla b-bo gadaval cifrebze. aq ar aris b. kedia, romelmac gulis
wuxiliT ganacxada, rom es sakiTxi CemTvis isev bundovaniao. CemTvis
ki yvelaferi gamoirkva. ministris amxanagis ganmartebis Semdeg yve­

476
laferi naTelia, magram vinaidan es iwvevs erTgvar ukmayofilebas,
aviRe sityva da msurs oriode sityviT ganvmarto sakiTxi. eserebis
warmomadgeneli brZanebs: gamosulia 601 milioni man. da amis neba
mTavrobas ara hqondao. gTxovT amas miaqcioT yuradReba da Sesaferi
analizi gaukeToT am cifrebs. rogor Sesdgeba es 800 milioni? ai, am­
nairad: daaxlovebiT vlaparakob, 245 mil. gaxlavT gafuWebuli fuli.
Semdeg aprilsa da maisSi saministros kasaSi Semovida 254 milioni.
es gaxlavT saxelmwifos Semosavali, is rac Semodis gadasaxadebisagan
(Sengelaias replika). Semdeg Zveli emisiidan hqonda ufleba 142 mili­
onis gamoSvebisa, danarCenis mTavrobas hqonda Tavis gankargulebaSi,
romlis daxarjvis ufleba mas damfuZnebelma krebam misca. amnairad
Tu cifrs SevaerTebT, gamova swored 861 milioni man.
exla unda mogaxsenoT ramdeni aqvs saxelmwifos gasavali: am ukanask­
nel dros saxelmwifos dRiurma xarjebma aiwia da im cnobebidan, ro­
melic ministrma mogaxsenaT, es dRiuri udris 22 milions. gavamrav­
loT exla es ocdaaTze da 660 mil. iqneba.
ai exla me gTxovT daupirdapiroT erTmaneTs 616 da 660 milioni
man. gansxvaveba gaxlavT sul 44 mil. man.
ai, SegiZliaT exla SeekiTxoT mTavrobas, sad daxarja mTavrobam
es 44 milioni maneTi. (Sengelaia: es Tqveni sekretia!). me amaze pasuxs
ver mogaxsenebT, radgan es kanonieri wyaroebidan aris daxarjuli.
44 mil. saidumlod daixarjao – es SekiTxva mieciT mTavrobas. (Sen­
gelaia: eg gecodinebaT Tqven!). unda mogaxsenoT, rom milioni aris
Zalian cota. iangariSeT, Tu dReSi gvexarjeba 22 milioni – es Sead­
gens 2 dRis xarjs. amas unda gauwioT angariSi. rogorc mogaxseneT, es
mTavaria, romelsac aRniSnul cifrebSi ver vpoulobT.
ar aris swored is mcire Tanxa, romelic mouxmaria finansTa samin­
istros. es 44 milioni maneTi SeiZleba vismes Seasesxa, SeiZleba ital­
iur banks Seasesxa – 2-3 milioni maneTi, SeiZleba sxvas moaxmara, an Sei­
Zleba arc ki mouxerxebia yvela vali gadaexada da sx. aseTi mcirea es
Tanxa. eserebis gamosvla me magonebs im araks, erTi imereli rom ambob­
da: „100 kurdReli davTvaleo“ da roca SeekiTxen iqamde mivida, rom
sTqva, „faCuni Semomesmao“. amnairad gelandebaT Tqvenc b. Sengelaia.
(replika) SeiZleba Sofrebma ukeT auxsnan b. nucubiZes.
axla me mogaxsenebT ukanasknel cifrze. darCa gafuWebuli fu­
li, es bevrjer axsenes aq. me mgonia aRar unda yofiliyo saWiro amis
ganmarteba. magram kidev erTxel yofila saWiro gameoreba da me mogax­
senebT. veqsilze usindiso kaci uars ityvis, axals aRar miscems, ma­
gram aseT usindisobas yvela ver Caidens. yvela is piri, romelic
saxelmwifos saTaveSi moxvda – aseT usindisobas ver Caidens da Tu
Caidina – gvaqvs saSualeba vaiZuloT, rom ar Caidinos, roca fuli
fuWdeba – valdebuli xar gamoucvalo. es Tqven emisiis sakiTxad mi­
gaCniaT, magram es emisiis sakiTxi ar aris. (xmauroba). dawynardiT da
mogaxsenebT. rodesac qarxanaSi gafuWdeba fuli, amdenive axali fuli

477
daibeWdeba. es emisia ar iqneba. da Tu ggoniaT, rom es emisia aris – ma­
Sin cota waikiTxeT da darwmundebiT, rom es esea. axla me Tqven gekiTx­
ebiT, aris kidev sxva raime emisia? maSasadame 861 milionidan darCa
mxolod cota Tanxa. ra moxda? mxolod is, rom eserebs faCuni moesmaT
da egonaT, rom kurdReli iyo.
Tavmjdomare. kamaTi dasrulebuli gaxlavT. Semotanili aris 2
formula. 1-li soc.-demokrat. fraqciisa da me-2 socialist-revoli­
ucionerebis. (mdivani kiTxulobs orives).

social-demokratiuli fraqciis formula:

„moismina ra soc.-revol. fraqciis SekiTxva finansTa ministris

mier saemisio wesebis darRvevis Sesaxeb da mTavrobis gancxadeba, dam­
fuZnebeli kreba damakmayofileblad scnobs am ganmartebas da adas­
turebs, rom xsenebul wesebis darRvevas sruliad ar qonia adgili da
gadadis morig sakiTxze“.

social-revoliucionerebis formula:

„moismina ra soc.-rev. SekiTxva mTavrobisadmi saemisio uflebis

darRvevis Sesaxeb da mTavrobis ganmarteba masze, damfuZnebeli kreba
ar sTvlis mTavrobis ganmartebas damakmayofileblad, moiTxovs gan­
sakuTrebul komisiis arCevas saqmis detalurad gamosaZieblad, raTa
damnaSaveni pasuxisgebaSi iqnen micemulni da gadadis morig sakiTxze“.
ai es ori formula aris Semotanili. kenWs uyri ise, rogorc
Semovida. vin aris momxre soc.-dem. formulisa? vinaa winaaRmdegi? vin
Seikava Tavi? vinaa momxre soc.-rev. formulisa?
miRebuli gaxlavT soc.-demokrat. fraqciis formula.
Tavmjdomare. Semosulia Semdegi gancxadeba: „soc.-rev. partias
aqvs pativi amiT auwyos prezidiums, rom: 1) gzaTa, 2) adgilobrivi
mmarTvelobisa da 3) saxalxo janmrTelobis komisiebSi igzavneba iv.
lorTqifaniZe“ da erovnul fraqciis Semdegi gancxadeba: „gTxovT
moaxsenoT damf. kr. uaxloes krebas, rom: nacionalistTa fraqciidan
agrarul, ganaTlebis, momaragebis, sameurneo da Sromis komisiaSi
dasaxelebulia wevrad Salva qarumiZe, xolo sakonstitucio, sap­
ropagando, iuridiuli, TviTmmarTvelobis da xelovnebis komisiaSi
dasaxelebulia g. veSapeli“. damfuZ. kreba am gancxadebebs adasturebs.
mdivani mogaxsenebT Semdegi dRis sxdomis dRiur wesrigs.
(mdivani kiTxulobs).
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas daxurulad vacxadeb.
sxdoma naSuadRevis 4 nax. saaTze ixureba.

478
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

ocdameoTxe sxdoma

(24)

1920 weli. ivnisi 15. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebel krebis Tavmjdomaris amxanagi

eqvTime TayaiSvili.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivnis amxanagi
qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
sxdoma iwyeba SuadRis 12 saaT. da 20 wuTze.
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas gaxsnilad vacxadeb. mdivani mogaxsenebT
komisiebSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtis nusxas da dRiur wesrigs.
mdivani. (kiTxulobs komisiebSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtebs).

komisiaSi gadasacemi kanon-proeqtebi.

1. Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris kanon-proeqti – saklav saqonelze ar­

sebuli gadasaxadis gadidebisa.
2. Sromis ministris proeqti dekretisa – saxelmwifo dawese­
bulebaTa da muSa-mosamsaxureTaTvis erTdrouli daxmarebis aRmoCe­
nis Sesaxeb.
3. Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris proeqti – samusulmano saqarTvelos
skolebis Sesanaxad gaweuli xarjis dasafaravad 2.230.500 man. ga­
dadebis Sesaxeb.
4. xelovnebis komisiis iniciativiT SemuSavebuli proeqti
dekretisa – Zveli saxuroTmoZRvro Zeglebis SekeTeba – dacvisaTvis
2.000.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.
5. gareSe-saqmeTa ministris proeqti dekretisa – poloneTSi ga­
sam­gzavrebeli misiis saWiroebisaTvis 2.000.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.

479
 6. finansTa ministris proeqti dekretisa – tfilisis da quTaisis
saadgilmamulo bankebis wesdebis Secvlisa da rwmunebulTa krebis
mowvevis Sesaxeb.
7. finanasTa ministris proeqti dekretisa – saxelmwifo dawese­
bulebaTa Sesanaxad mimdinare sabiujeto wlis angariSSi saTanado
Tanxis gadadebisa.
8. miwad-moqmedebis ministris proeqti dekretisa – setyvisagan
dazaralebul mcxovrebTaTvis misawodebel saTesle simindis Sesa­
Zenad 10.000.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.
9. miwad-moqmedebis ministris proeqti dekretisa – gadasaxle­
bulTa dasaxmareblad sesxis saxiT 30.000.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.
mdivani (kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs).

dRiuri wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – gasatan saqonelze droebiTi ba­

Jis SemoRebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
2. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – saxelmwifo qaRaldebis dammza­
debel eqspediciis axal binaze gadatanisa da am binis gadakeTebisaT­
vis 5.080.354 man. da 27 kap. gadadebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia qr. Sara­
SiZis asuli.
3. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – samxedro uwyebis
Statis damtkicebisa da cvlilebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia gr. giorgaZe.
4. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – sasamsaxuro vadis
gadidebisa da saswavlo mcire gundebSi swavla damTavrebul ja­
riskacTaTvis. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
5. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – saxalxo gvardiis
Statis damatebisa da cvlilebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia z. guruli da
gr. giorgaZe.
6. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – samoqalaqo samar­
Tlis warmoebis wesdebis zogierTi muxlis Secvlis Sesaxeb. momxsen­
ebelia m. rusia.
7. dekreti – meqarxnisagan saaqcizo uwyebis moxelis dasaqiraveb­
lad xarjis gaRebisa. momxsenebelia d. oniaSvili.
8. dekreti saerobo gzebis mosamsaxurTaTvis damatebiTi gasamr­
jelos misacemad 144.430 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia gagloevi da
d. oniaSvili.
9. dekreti – muSa-mosamsaxureTaTvis pirvel moTxovnilebis sa­
gnis misawodeblad mTavrobis gankargulebaSi 120.000.000 man. ga­
didebisa. momxsenebelia d. oniaSvili.
10. dekreti – yaraiazis saxelmwifo mamulis meore ganyofilebis
sistemis sarwyavis dasamTavreblad 9.368.000 man. gadadebisa. momxsen­
ebelia d. oniaSvili.

480
 11. dekreti – soxumis qalaqis sasamarTlos eqimis Statisa da xar­
jTaRricxvis damtkicebisa. momxsenebelia d. oniaSvili.
12. dekreti – 3.000.000 man. gadadebisa – mixeil aramiancisaTvis
CamorTmeul saxlis fasis asanazRaureblad. momxsenebelia gr. gi­
orgaZe.
13. dekreti – gareSe-saqmeTa ministris gankargulebaSi – konstan­
tinopolisa da moskovis misiebis valebis gasastumreblad 388.920
man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
14. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – sapyrobileTa
damcveli razmis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
momxsenebelia fircxalaiSvili da d. oniaSvili.
15. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – tfilisis sa­
samarTlo palatis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia i. fircxalaiS­
vili da gr. giorgaZe.
16. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – sapatimroTa
saqmis umaRlesi sabWos debulebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia
i. fircxalaiSvili.
17. dekreti – miwad-moqmedebis saministros saijaro ganyo­
filebis saerTo Semosavlidan 20% erobaTa sasargeblod gadadebisa.
momxsenebelia i. kopaleiSvili da d. oniaSvili.
18. iusticiis ministris proeqti dekretisa – mZime saxelmwifoe­
brivi danaSaulobisaTvis qonebis konfiskaciisa da iuridiuli komi­
siis daskvna am proeqtis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia s. jafariZe.

d a m a t e b a.

19. dekreti – saxelmwifo dawesebulebaTa da warmoebaTa muSa-mo­

samsaxureTaTvis erTdroulis daxmarebis aRmoCenisa. momxsenebelia
v. Tevzaia.
20. dekreti – Tavdacvis fondisaTvis 400.000.000 man. gadadebisa.
momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
21. dekreti – Sinagan-saqmeTa saministrosTan arsebuli gansakuT­
rebuli razmis moqmedebis gangrZobisa. momxsenebelia d. oniaSvili.
Tavmjdomare. saboloo teqstebs qr. SaraSiZis asuli mogaxsenebT.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli. (kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigis 1-l da 2-re mux­
lSi aRniSnul sakanonmdeblo aqtebis saboloo teqstebs, rasac dam­
fuZnebeli kreba iRebs).
Tavmjdomare. sityva imnaiSvils ekuTvnis Semdegi sakiTxis Sesaxeb.

481
1. dekreti Tavdacvis fondisaTvis 400 mil. man. gadadebisa.

n. imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) samxedro saWiroebisaTvis am mokle xnis winad

Cven 300 milioniani krediti gavuxseniT. es krediti amowurulia da
Tavdacvis sabWo Semodis SuamdgomlobiT, rom mas gaexsnas axali kred­
iti 400 milioni maneTis. warmodgenilia nusxa im xarjebisa, romelic
gaweulia Tav-dacvis mier. am nusxis mixedviT es 300 milioni maneTi
sxva da sxva samxedro saWiroebas moxmarda. samxedro komisiam ganixi­
la es Suamdgomloba da erTxmad miiRo igi. safinanso komisiamac erTx­
mad miiRo da Suamdgomlobs damfuZnebel krebis winaSe, rom es kredi­
ti rac SeiZleba swrafad gaexsnas Tav-dacvis sabWos. (nucubiZe: fulis
niSnebi aris?). fulis niSnebi albaT iqneba, vinaidan es sxva sakiTxia,
fulis niSnebis raodenobis sakiTxi srulebiT ar aris dakavSirebuli
am sakiTxTan, vinaidan uwyebas yovelTvis aqvs saSualeba nawilobriv
im Semosavlidan da am Tanxidan, romelic mas moepoveba, dahfaros es.
Tavmjdomare. sityva Salva qarumiZes ekuTvnis.
S. qarumiZe. (nac.) batonebo! Cven momxre gaxlavarT dekretisa, ma­
gram survili gvaqvs mis ganxilvis dros mogaxsenoT zogierTi mosazre­
bani Cveni samxedro Zalis organizaciisa da reorganizaciebis Sesaxeb.
Cven da Tqven dava im TaviT, ra dRidanac saqarTvelom damoukidebeli
xelmwifoba daiwyo, gvaqvs Tu rogor moewyos es umTavresi Zala Cveni
arsebobisa. sxvaTa Soris da umTavresad Tqven iwunebdiT Cven gegmebs
usaxsrobisa gamo; Tqven Cvens qveyanas brals sdebdiT imaSi, rom mas ar
SeuZlian mudmiv Seinaxos is jari, romelic Cvenis azriT misTvis saW­
iroa. magram ganvlili da dRevandeli magaliTic imas gviCvenebs, rom
Tqven angariSSic Semcdari xarT. ager, ramdenjer uxdeba saqarTvelos
aseTi uecrivi mobilizacia, Tqveni ardaxedulobis wyalobiT gvijde­
ba gacilebiT meti, vidre gamudmebiT, rom gvyoloda TofqveS sakmao
ricxvi jarisa. maSin mobilizaciis saWiroebac aucilebeli iqneboda
Tavidan, radgan mzaT myofT davas veravin agviSlida. Tqvenive brali
gaxlavT, rom Cven moumzadebloba aRmogvaCnda zogierT mxareebSi.
Tqven, b-nno mmarTvelno, saerToT metaT gul-uxvni da xel-gaSlil­
ni brZandebiT saxelmwifo salaroTi, magram borotaT xelSekrulni
xarT iq, saca araferi ar unda daiSuroT. sworeT es gaxlavT mizezi,
rom zogierTi satexniko nawilebi jarisa mzad ar aRmoCnda (replika:
eg saidumlobaa, ar unda laparakobdeT!) Cven Tqvenze nakleb ar gve­
smis, rac aris saidumloeba, gvesmis Cveni movaleobac da garwmunebT
ar vityviT imas, ris Tqmac ar SeiZleba. nu swuxarT, axdil krebazed
visargeblebT 1/100 im faqtebisa, romelsac yovel dRiurad amJRavnebs
social-demokratiuli presa. rodesac mTavar-sardali movaled sTv­
lis Tavs madloba gamoucxados omSi metad didi saqmis SesrulebisaT­
vis da es madloba ekuTvnis ara samxedro, aramed sxva uwyebas, sCans,
rom is samxedro nawilebi, romelsac es saqme SeesrulebinaT an ara
gvyolia, an momzadebulni ara yofilan, uxsnivarT gasaWirisagan mox­

482
alise uwyebas. yovlad miuRebelia aseTi mdgomareoba. saidumloebis
darRveva arc is iqneba, Tu imasac mogaxsenebT, rac dRes mtermac icis
da moyvaremac. CvenTvis naTeli iyo da yvelasaTvis, vgonebT cxadia
exla, rom Cven kavaleria ara gvyolia. imizezebdiT sul mudam ucxeno­
bas da im did xarjebs, romelic saWiroa am marTlada yovlaT Zvirfass
nawilze. Sinaur SesaZleblobas rom Tavi davaneboT ra uyaviT is cxen­
ebi, romelic denikinis gamoqceul jars CamoarTviT? mimRebi komisiis
cnobiT, mcxeTaSi rom daniSneT, Semovida ara naklebi ori aTasi cxeni­
sa, romelic ki gamodgeba cxenosani jarisaTvis. Tqven es iSviaTi sim­
didre ver moixmareT. jari carieli dastoveT da cxenebi ki daurigeT
erobebs, albaT dReobebSi sasiaruloT – es Cveni TvaliT gvinaxavs, an
SeubiaT sxva da sxva komitetebs etlebSi.
am samxedro nawilis mowyobaSi Tqven araferi gagikeTebiaT imis
garda, rom rac iyo, maqvs mxedvelobaSi kargi saxelis mqone pirveli
cxenosani polki, Tqven CamoaSoreT specialuri codna da gamocdile­
ba da ise SeamcireT, rom man dahkarga Tavisi mniSvneloba sruli­
aT. Cveni topografiisa da samxedro pirobebis mqone qveyanaSi – es
dauSvebelia da vwuxvarT metad, rom aseTi mware magaliTebi aris
saWiro, raTa es aucilebloba SevignoT.
aseTive bedi Cven sanapiro jarebs dastrialebs. mTavrobam ise ver
moawyo es sanapiro nawilebi, rom saxelmwifo sanapiroebze misuli­
yven. dRes araviTari saidumloeba ar aris, rom mTel aRmosavleT
saqarTveloSi mxolod darialis xeobaSi sdgas Tavis adgilze razmi,
danarCen adgilebSi yvelgan daSorebulia sazRvars da zogierT
SemTxvevaSi sagrZnoblaT dids manZilzed. Tqven SegiZlianT mipasux­
oT, rom ar aris aucilebeli saWiroeba, rom sanapiro nawilebi usaT­
uod sazRvrebze idges da es daasabuToT, Tu gnebavT strategiuli
mosazrebac, magram mas Semdeg, rac iyo, Tqven marTalni ar iqnebiT.
rad unda idgas Cveni sanapiro razmi xomis ZirSi, romelic daSore­
bulia sazRvars 60 versiT da ara SatilSi? riTi qonda daculi da
sad iyvnen sazverav-sayarauloni im farTe Semosaval karebSi, saidac
dRes mteri dagveca. minaxavs sakuTaris TvaliT da mogaxsenebT, rom
Tu aseTia codna strategiisa, maSin daRupulni vyofilvarT da Tu
sxva rameSia mizezi, maSin batonebo, dauyonebliv unda iqnas Secdoma
Segnebuli da saWiro zomebi miRebuli. Secdoma ki is gaxlavT, rom
Tqven, Cveno mmarTvelno, dRemdis ver SegigniaT, Tu ra Zala esaW­
iroeba saqarTvelos saxelmwifos arsebobisaTvis da arc zomebi migi­
RiaT, rom sakmao ricxvi samxedro begaris mxdelTa mosTxovoT xalxs
da miawodoT mas saWiro sanovage da tansacmeli. Cven ukve ganvicdiT
saSinel Sedegs aseTi boroti jiutobisa da daudevrobisa. mxolod
im mizeziT, rom jari sazRvarze ar iyo, ar sCanda qomagi saxelmwifo
Zala, qarTvelma ganapira mosaxleobam dascala sagrZnobi terito­
ria. xevsureTSi daicala muwo–xaxabas Temoba, TuSeTSi TxuTmetamde
sofeli. mogexsenebaT isic, rom amave mizeziT Cven veRar, TiTqmis nax­

483
evraT, veRar vsargeblobT im mTebiT, romelic Cveni miwa-wyalia, Cven
gankargulebaSi iyo da roca qarTuli dovlaTi iqneboda. Tqveni gziT
svla aRar SeiZleba, Torem mets wavagebT da gvian vinanebT. Seurig­
deT Cveni eris bedisweras, romelic moiTxovs Cvenive bednierebisaT­
vis mets mklavs da met materialur msxverplsac. unda mivceT sakmari­
saT erTic da meorec. erTi SeniSvna unda mogaxsenoT kidev: dekretSi
aRniSnul xarjebSi kargi adgili uWiravs xarjs egreTwodebul kon­
tr-razvedkaze. fuli, rasakvirvelia, unda davxarjoT, magram mov­
aleni varT xarjvas Tvali unda mivayoloT. samxedro wreebSi cudi
miTqma-moTqmaa am „kontr-razvedkaze“, amboben, fuli metad ukantro­
loT ixarjebao. me piradaT ver mogaxsenebT dabejiTebiT, Tu rogor
ixarjeba fuli, radgan ara maqvs dokumentebi, magram imas ki dabe­
jiTebiT getyviT, rom „kontr-razvedkas“ naklebi namuSevari uCans.
yvela omebi, romelic ki gadavixadeT am ori wlis ganmavlobaSi ise
dagvatyda Tavs, rom „kontr-razvedkam“ suyvelaze bolos gaigo. ara
sCans rom Cven gvesargeblos misi cnobebiT TviT omis dros.
saerTo SeniSvna Cveni is gaxlavT, rom samxedro Zalebis mowyoba
saqarTveloSi ar Seefereba Cvens pirobebs arc begaris vadisa da arc
mudmivi jaris ricxvis mxriv. eridebiT dids xarjebs, magram dRevan­
deli iZulebiTi da uecrivi mobilizacia gimtkicebT, rom erTi-aTad
mets xarjavT. uazroba gaxlavT aseTi windauxedaoba da Tu ar gam­
ovswordiT, SeiZleba cudi Sedegi mohyves. amis Tqma SeiZleba da es
mogaxseneT imediT, rom avicdinoT momavalSi Secdomebi.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. noe ramiSvils.
n. ramiSvili. (S.-s. m.) (l. Sengelaia: Tqven samxedro ministri
brZan­debiT?) moqalaqeno, damfuZnebeli krebis wevrno! me gaxlavarT
Tavdacvis sabWos wevri da mogaxsenebT rogorc Tavdacvis sabWos wev­
ri da Tanac, rogorc wevri solidarul mTavrobisa, me SemiZlia ga­
movide aq. es savsebiT udavo winadadeba, romelic Tavdacvis sabWom
wamoayena, gamoiyenes nacionalistebma mTavrobis politikis winaaRm­
deg gasalaSqreblad. sakiTxi jaris reorganizaciis Sesaxeb gad­
awyvetili iyo, es im xanebSi araviTar davas ar iwvevda. yvelam kar­
gad iciT, rom am reorganizaciiT mivaxwieT dasaxul mizans, ese igi,
Cven SevqmeniT is kadri, romelic saWiro iyo da aris mSvidobianobis
dros sazRvrebis dasacavad. magram ar SegveZlo Segveqmna iseTi jari,
gansakuTrebiT im pirobebSi, romelSiac saqarTvelo imyofeboda, rom
igi yofiliyo mudmivi da daecva sazRvari.
nacionalistebs moexseneba, rom imperialisturma msoflio
omma yvelaferi gaanadgura. isini fiqrobden, rom militarizmis ga­
Zliereba Seqmnida mdgomareobas, rodesac sazRvrebi mudmivi jaris
saSualebiT iqneboda daculi, magram Tqven iciT, rom verc erTma
saxelmwifom ver Seqmna iseTi kadri mudmivi jarisa, romelsac SeZle­
ba hqonoda Tavis sazRvrebis dacva. vin daicva es sazRvrebi? mTelma
SeiaraRebulma xalxma.

484
 maSasadame reorganizaciam mogvca erTi ram rac faqtiurad au­
cilebeli iyo – mSvidobianobis dros sazRvrebis uzrunvelyofa da
Semdeg mobilizaciis dros kadrebis Sevseba. es mizani iyo savsebiT
miRweuli da am SemTxvevaSi daculi iyo energia, romelzedac lapara­
koben nacionalistebis warmomadgenlebi da xalxis Tanxac.
aq laparakoben texnikur nawilis mouwyoblobaze. Tqven mixvdeb­
iT albad raSia saqme. aq iyo erTi faqti, rom fosta-telegrafis sam­
marTvelos daekisra erTi samxedro mniSvnelobis xazis gayvana.
nacionalistebis partias ar moexseneba albad, rom rodesac
sakiTxi exeba mtris Semosevas, maSin yoveli uwyeba valdebuli aris
daiviwyos Tavisi kerZo interesebi da mTeli Tavisi ZalRone Tav­
dacvis saqmes moaxmaros. (veSapeli: gansakuTrebiT texnikurma uwye­
bam!) diax! gansakuTrebiT texnikurma. es ase iyo ruseTSi, ase iyo Zveli
mTavrobis drosac, ase aris yvela saxelmwifoSi.
aq sakiTxi ase unda daisvas: mizanSewonilebis TvalsazrisiT iyo
daSvebuli raime Secdoma, rom Cven romelime texnikuri saqme movawyeT
fosta-telegrafis uwyebis saSualebiT? Tu ki Stati aris, arsebobs
uwyeba, romelic amas SesZlebs, aris Tu ara saWiro zedmet Statebis
Sedgena? Tu Tqven amas daamtkicebT, maSin SeiZleba Tqven gamosvlas
eqnes azri, magram amas ver daamtkicebT, vinaidan Cven araviTari axali
Stati ar Segviqmnia, araviTari zedmeti xarji ar gagviwevia, aramed
arsebobs erTi texnikuri nawili, romelsac rasac ubrZaneb, imas as­
rulebs. magram vinaidan saWiro iyo maSin saqmis daCqareba, amitom Cven
pirdapir gaveciT brZaneba, rom im uwyebis saSualebiT gagvekeTebia
saqme, romelsac amis SeZleba hqonda, ese igi fostis uwyebis sa­
SualebiT da man marTlac Cinebulad Seasrula movaleoba. me vfiqrob,
rom sakiTxi 400 mil. man. gadadebis Sesaxeb, ar aris dakavSirebuli
arc ricxvze jarisa da arc vadaze, sruliad ar aris dakavSirebuli
am sakiTxebTan. meore sakiTxia Cveulebrivi jaris yola, magram Tqven
kargad mogexsenebaT, rom am Jamad araCveulebrivi dro aris. Tqveni
winadadeba rom migveRo da meti jari rom gvyoloda, mainc aucilebe­
li iqneboda mobilizaciis moxdena da im xarjis gaweva, romlis Ses­
axeb Tqven brZanebT, magram TiTqos es ar moiTxovdes xalxisagan met
energias da Tanxas – ar Seefereba sinamdviles. Tqven kargad iciT, rom
piriqiT didi mudmivi jaris Semadgenlobis rCena Cven xazinas metad
didi Tanxa daujdeba, magram gana Cven marto xazinis interesebidan
gamovdivarT? Cven gamovdivarT amave dros saxelmwifos meurneobis
interesebis Tvalsazrisidanac.
mudmivi jari, romelic TiTqos uzrunvelyofs sazRvrebs, glejs
xalxs saukeTeso nawils da yazarmebSi amwyvtevs, es ki dRevandel ngre­
vis xanaSi iqneba ganadgureba Cveni nivTieri simdidrisa. es icis yvelam,
visac odnav ainteresebs saxalxo ekonomika. amitom unda vecadoT, rom
mudmivi jaris raodenoba rac SeiZleba minimumamde daviyvanoT. maga­
ram vinc militarizmis suliT aris gaJRenTili misTvis mTavaria erTi

485
debuleba, misTvis ekonomiuri sabuTebi ar aris misaRebi, isini yovel
gza jvaredinze am Sovinistur-militaristur suliskveTebiT moqmede­
ben. yoveli SemTxveva undaT gamoiyenon Tavis gamosvlebisaTvis.
am kiTxvis garSemo ar SeeferebodaT maT aur-zauri daeyenebiaT,
magram mainc isargebles, rom TviT, ase vTqvaT, militaristur senisaT­
vis erTnairi msxverpli SeewiraT.
„kontr-razvedkaze“ laparakoben, sakvirveli saqmea. gaqvT sabu­
Ti? sul iseTi SeTxveva, rom „kontr-razvedkas“ ar aesrulebios Ta­
visi movaleoba? (veSapeli: laparakoben, rom kartis TamaSSi arian
garTulnio!) me ar mikvirs, rom nacionalistebis warmomadgeneli
laparakobs imas, rasac laparakoben quCaSi (taSi). (veSapeli: Tqven
gawyviteT kavSiri quCasTan?). (asaTiani: quCas nu dasciniT!). magram
me minda mogaxsenoT, rom... (veSapeli: quCa Tqveni stiqia aris. albaT
Semdeg gaswyviteT quCasTan kavSiri, rac sololakSi gadabrZandiT?).
me sololakSi Tu wavedi, mainc gacilebiT ufro axlo viqnebi xal­
xTan, vidre Tqveni fraqcia. aseTi fandebiT ver waxvalT Sors. (veS­
apeli: gvacaleT!). ar yofila arc erTi SemTxveva am omis dros, rom
Cven ar gvcodnoda – es faqtia, rom mteri irazmeba da modis Cven wi­
naaRmdeg. Tu aseT magaliTs daasaxelebT, maSin SemiZlia mTavrobis
saxeliT mogaxsenoT, rom kontr-razvedkis ganyofileba gauqmebuli
iqneba. SesaZlo aris marTlac borot-moqmedeba, me mwams da mjera,
rom borot-moqmedebas aqvs adgili, es ara erTxel gamicxadebia, ma­
gram borot-moqmedeba aris iq, sadac ar aris muSaoba. yofila Sem­
Txveva, rom TiTo orola piri ar asrulebda mTavrobis davalebas, ma­
gram demokratiuli wyobileba imaSi ki ar mdgomareobs, rom mogceT
saSvaleba, rom quCaSi SekriboT TiTo orola Wori da aq gamoitanoT
damf. krebis sxdomaze.
kavaleriis Sesaxeb sakvirveli saqme aris swored. yvelam iciT,
ra Zneli aris, gansakuTrebiT iseT qveyanaSi, rogoric Cveni aris, ka­
valeriis yola, im dros gansakuTrebiT, roca iseTi ram ar aris Cven
qveyanaSi, rac aucilebel saWiroebas warmoadgens, me mogaxsenebT cx­
enebze. cxenebi cota aris Cven qveyanaSi, am mxriv wineTic susti vi­
yaviT da axlac susti varT. msoflio omma rac gvqonda, isic gaanadgu­
ra. (asaTiani: revoliuciam kidev) ara kontr-revoliuciam. ramdenad
CvenTvis aucileblaT saWiro iyo kavaleriis Seqmna, imdenad es mTav­
robam mTavar sardals miando, magram miuxedavad imisa, rom mTavar
sardals mieca sruli ufleba, rom sakavalerio nawilebi Seeqmna, es
manac SesaZleblad ver dainaxa. es amtkicebs im debulebas, romelic
aq me wamovayene. aq saqme reorganizaciaSi ki ar aris, aramed im md­
gomareobaSia, romelSiac saqarTvelo imyofeba cxenebis da furaJis
uqonlibiT. Cven mTavar sardals gonebas ver dauwunebT, rom man ar
miiRo zomebi, rom Cveni sazRvrebi yofiliyo daculi, da Tu SesaZle­
beli iqneboda rogorme mZlavri kavaleriis Sedgena, darwmunebuli
unda iyoT, rom amisaTvis zomebs ar daiSurebda. (veSapeli: sruli

486
ufleba qonda yovel mTavar sardals?) sruli ufleba qonda. (qaru­
miZe: erobebs, rom denikinis cxenebi dauriges imis CamorTmevis ufle­
ba qonda?) samwuxarod arc is scodniaT baton veSapels da qarumiZ­
es, rom erobebi asruleben metad saWiro saxelmwifoebriv muSaobas,
swored samxedro TvalsazrisiT. mTavar sardals diax aqvs ufleba
is cxenebi, romlebic erobebs da sxva sazogadoebriv organizaciebs
dauriges, CamoarTvas da samxedro saWiroebas moaxmaros. SeiZleba
amis Sesaxeb quCaSi arafers laparakoben, magram es ician damfuZneb­
el krebaSi. (veSapeli: arc naxalovkaSi laparakoben?) iq quCur moR­
vaweobas ar ewevian. dasasrul oriode sityva sanapiro jaris Sesaxeb
unda movaxseno qarumiZes, rom sanapiro jaris movaleoba ar yofila
sazRvris dacva. es aris patara razmi, romelic cdilobs sazRvris
dacvas. magram marto mas ar SeuZlia, igi sadarajoze aris gaCerebu­
li. sad iqneba saxeldobr gaCerebuli, es texnikuri saqmea.
rac Seexeba imas, rom kontrolis muSaoba unda sCandes am xarjeb­
is gaRebis dros, me unda mogaxsenoT, rom kontrolis muSaoba sCans.
kontrolma icis yvela es Tanxa sad midis, magaram vidre Tqven daiw­
yebdiT am kiTxvebzed gamosvlas, gacilebiT ukeTesi iqneboda migemar­
TaT im sakontrolo dawesebulebisaTvis da gekiTxaT – icis Tu ara
man ra miznebs emsaxureba Tavdacvis fondi, rogor ixarjeba yvela ka­
peiki, da am SemTxvevaSi ar dasWirdeboda gamosvla. (l. Sengelaia: ar
iZleva?) ar iZleva? mogcemT, rodesac moiTxovs amis saWiroeba. maSin
ar dagWirdebaT am did kiTxvaze Tavdacvis TvalsazrisiT gamosvla,
miT umetes, rom es gamosvla ar aris gamowveuli TavdacviT da miT
ufro saxelmwifoebrivi interesebiT. (taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. veSapels.
gr. veSapeli. (nac.) batonebo, Cven ufro didi warmodgenisa varT
saxalxo warmomadgenlobaze, vidre mmarTveli partiis umravlesoba
da saministroebi. amitom geubnebiT, rom erTi Tvis zavis Camogdebis
Semdeg, ase iolad 400 milionian man. gadadeba yovlad SeuZlebeli
aris. batonebo, ormoci milioni guSin gaiReT, ocda-aTi Semdeg, es
ki saqarTvelosaTvis iseT did Tanxas warmoadgens, rom ar SeiZleba
ar iTqvas, rom Cveni samxedro biujeti ufro metia, vidre ruseTi­
sa da inglisisa. erT TveSi daixarja 300 milioni daaxlovebiT. exla
400 milions viRebT. im gzas, rom davadgeT erTi Tvis Semdeg 500, 300
da 700 milionis gaReba mogvixdeba. Cven movaleni varT vTqvaT aq sa­
xalxo warmomadgenlobis winaSe is, rasac quCaSi laparakoben, im qu­
CaSi, romlis ideologebic brZandebodiT Tqven, vidre saxelmwifos
saTaveSi CaudgebodiT.
ai, batonebo, damafiqrebeli perspeqtivebi aris, rom yoveldRi­
urad gvixdeba 400, 700 milionian valebis gaReba samxedro saWiroebi­
saTvis. saqme imaSia, rom es fuli gaRebuli unda iyos, magram ar unda
ixarjebodes ubralod. am fulis nawili, an ubralod ixarjeba, an
borot-moqmedeba xdeba da an xelebs ewebeba. unda Tavis daniSnuleba­

487
zed ixarjebodes, magram amiT ar unda davkmayofildeT, saWiroa re­
organizacia am Tavdacvis saqmisa.
Tavmjdomare. Tu Statis Sesaxeb inebebT laparaks, es iqneba ganxi­
luli daxurul krebaze.
veSapeli. aq ufro mets vityvi. me vilaparakeb im farglebSi, ra
farglebSiac laparakobda yofili samxedro ministri. me TviTon
samxedro komisiis wevri gaxlavarT da vici razed SeiZleba laparaki
da razed ara, da Tu Tqven sityvas marTmevT.
Tavmjdomare. me sityvas ar garTmevT, magram reorganizaciiis
Sesaxeb Tu gnebavT laparaki maSin iZulebuli viqnebi kreba daxurul
karebSi vawarmovo. gTxovT kanon-proeqtis farglebs daubrundeT.
veSapeli: saidumlo ramezed ar vilaparakeb. Tavis Tavad bune­
brivi iyo is, rom amis sapasuxod gamobrZanda yofili samxedro minis­
tri imitom, rom man moaxdina is reoganizacia, romlis Sedegebic ara
sCans. es iyo naTqvami damfuZnebel krebis specialur organizacieb­
Siac, ara marto erTi, aramed yvela fraqciebis mier. iq naTqvami iyo,
rom es reorganizacia ar Seefereba Cveni qveynis strategiul mdgo­
mareobas da saWiroebas. es aRiarebulia ukve imaTgan, visac ainter­
esebs Tavdacvis saqme. samxedro uwyebis Tavmoyvareobis brali unda
iyos, rom aq kamaTis gamarTvas SesaZleblad scnoben imis Sesaxeb, rom
organizaciaSi iyo dezorganizacia da exla xdeba reorganizacia. am
kanon-proeqtSi aris muxli, romelic moiTxovs jariskacebisaTvis
samxedro samsaxuris vadis gagrZelebas. me mgonia es Semdeg sxva na­
wilebSiac moxdeba. amas aq ar Sevexebi. me unda Sevexo meore sakiTxs. es
Tavdacva damokidebulia im Zalazed – mudmiv reguliarul jarsa da
saxalxo gvardiazed. me arafers vambob imis Sesaxeb, Tu romeli ufro
Zvirad jdeba, romels ukeTes pirobebSi uxdeba samsaxuri da romelime
nawilma ufro meti gaakeTa da romelma ufro meti Sedegebi gamoiRo.
unda vTqva, rom am or Zalis yola paralelurad SeuZlebelia. unda
iyos centralizacia am samxedro Zalebis saqmisa. erTis mxriT imiT,
rom samxedro uwyebas mmarTveloba unda hqondes erTi orive samxedro
Zalis. meores mxriv sameurneo mmarTveloba, romelic angariSebs ad­
gens unda iyos usaTuod erTi. rac male iqneba es gatarebuli, ukeTesi
iqneba. (kedia: marTalia!) da visurvebdi, rom STabeWdileba, romelic
Cven mTavrobasa da mmarTvel wreebzed moaxdina azerbaijan-ruseT­
Tan warmoebulma omma, Camoyalibebuliyos saTanado kanonSi da da
kanon-proeqtSi da ar misces iseT daviwyebas, rogorc mieca is STabe­
Wdileba, romelic gamowveuli iyo somxeTTan omiT, Cven metis-metad
demokratiuli qveyana varT, imitom, rom omis da zavis Semdeg Tu axali
omi ar daviwyeT, pirveli omi gvaviwydeba. ufro nakleb demokratiul
qveyanaSi ki omi aris gamocda saxelmwifoebriobisa da yovel am gamoc­
dis dros saWiroa, Tundac droebiTi, uaRresad mniSvnelovani aris
saxelmwifosaTvis. iq sagangebo organoebi Cndeba, rom is nakli, rome­
lic omis dros iyo, mospobili iyos. amazed laparaki iyo, rodesac nak­

488
lulovanebebi aRmoCnda somxeTTan omis Semdeg da unda visurvoT, rom
azerbaijanis omis Semdeg mainc iqneba gamosworebuli es Secdomebi da
nakli kanonmdeblobis gziT. erTi momenti kidev: saqarTvelo metad
patara qveyana aris da samxedro specialistebi CvenSi bevri ar aris,
Tumca SedarebiT oficroba Zalian bevri iyo ruseTis imperiis dro­
sac. reorganizaciis dros, amis gamo bevri oficroba darCa Stat-ga­
reSe. me ar Seudgebi imis ganxilvas, Tu romeli oficrebi darCen ufro
mxne, guladi, gamocdili da momzadebuli, Tu winaaRmdeg.
rac Seexeba niWs da unars amas aravin kiTxulobs. aqamdis ase iyo,
rom omSi iyenebdnen xolme yovelive Tavisufal Zalas. CvenSi es ar
xdeba da Tu moxda naklebad. erT magaliTs mogaxsenebT. erTad-erT
sakavalerio nawilSi swored omis dros Stabis ufrosTan inciden­
tis gamo daTxovnili iyo ramdenime oficeri, romelTac gareSe par­
tiul dafasebisa hqonda ukve saxeli moxveWili. me ar vityvi, rom
maT kargad icodnen ekonomiuri materializmi, magram sikvdilis xe­
lovneba omis dros da Tavis gawirva samSoblosaTvis kargad hqodaT
Seswavlili. (ramiSvili: maTi davalebiT laparakobT?) ar vici, Tqven
visi davalebiT laparakobT. samwuxarod, es ar vici, SeiZleba komu­
nistebis, visTanac Tqven brZola gaqvT. yovel SemTxvevaSi me imas vam­
bob, rom am incidents bolo unda moReboda omis dros mainc. 9-10 ofi­
cris saqme aris iliustracia im wesebisa, romelic CvenSi damyarda.
rodesac maT moisurves ubralo unter-oficrebad frontze wasvla,
Tqven maT gamoucxadeT, rom ar aqvT ufleba arc erT nawilSi Sesvlisa.
omis dros dasjilebs da disciplinis damrRvevelebs ki ara, kator­
Relebsac ki gzavnian frontze. esenic Seswiravden Tavs samSoblos.
raica Seexeba disciplinis darRvevas, esec sakiTxia. imitom, rom
koleqtiuri TxovniT mimarTes, maT gamoucxades, rom aris koleqtiuri
protestio da daiTxoves, maT aukrZales nawilebSi dabruneba. es aris
kanonis gareSe gamocxadeba oficrebisa. es ki ar Seefereba Cveni qveynis
Tav-dacvas. gaiareT golovinis prospeqtze da naxavT ramdeni oficeri
dadis. TviT es faqti, rom amdeni oficeri dadis usaqmod, rodesac omis
dros bevri fuli ixarjeba, es usaTuod warmoadgens erTgvar tenden­
cias, romelic ewinaaRmdegeba Cveni qveynis Tav-dacvis saqmes.
Semdeg b. ministri brZanebs, rom Cven rom mravalricxovani jari
gvyoloda, meti xalxis energia daixarjeboda, vidre axla, roca ase
ucbad vaxdenT mobilizaciaso. es sadao debulebaa, vinaidan roca
xalxma icis ra aris misTvis savaldebulo, xdeba erTgvari Segue­
ba sameurneo cxovrebisa saxelmwifo interesebTan. es ise, rogorc
Tqven, gadametebul gadasaxads awerT, xom ar ityviT, rom gadasaxadi
nu iqneba da roca dagvWirdeba, maSin davadvaT kontribuciao!
asea omis saqmec. Zalian didi sakiTxia, romelia ukeTesi – ucbad
kontribuciis dadeba, Tu awon-dawona imisa, rac saSualod aucile­
belia qveynis dacvisaTvis da jaris mudmivad yola, imitom, rom uc­
bad mobilizaciis dros Tqven pirdapir angrevT sameurneo cxovre­

489
bas. SeiZleba sTqvaT, rom gvaqvs demokratiuli erobebi, romelnic
patronobas uweven darCenil ojaxebso. me ar gedavebiT principial­
urad, rom erobebi amas ver gaakeTeben, magram praqtikulad, saer­
Tod Cveni erobebi ar aris ise mowyobili, rom maT upatronon jarSi
gawveulTa ojaxebs, es faqtia.
magram, raica Seexeba saqarTvelos umetes nawils, me Tqven gar­
wmunebT, rom jaris-kacTa ojaxebis mdgomareoba ar aris iseTi, rom
sjobdes ucbad wayvana didi nawilisa omis dros, vidre met ricxvovan
jaris yola. didi mobilizaciis dros xdeba ngreva sasoflo meurne­
obis. ase aris, magaliTad, axalcixis da saerTod yvela ganapira maz­
rebSi, sadac erobebi ar arian finansebiT aRWurvili.
nu Tu ukeTesi ar iyo, rom am nawilebisTvis mogeTxovaT sinam­
dvileSi meti ricxvi jarisa, didi brZola gagewiaT dezertirobas­
Tan, vidre omis dros mosTxovoT didi ricxvi jariskacebisa da amiT
SeitanoT ngreva sameurneo procesSi iseT dros, rogoricaa xvna-­
Tesvis dro?
es sakiTxi aramc Tu sadavo, es didi sakiTxia. (replika: omma se­
zoni ar icis!) Tqven ki sezonobiT ibrZviT. me geubnebiT, ise movawyoT
jari, rom kompleqti iyos sruli da Sesaferi Cveni moTxovnilebisa.
maSin aRar dagvWirdeba naucbadebad didi mobilizaciis mowyoba, ma­
Sin ar gveqneba safrTxe, rom krizisSi Cavardes Cveni saxelmwifo.
batonebo! aris erTi momenti – momenti 300 milionis daxarjvisa.
b. ministrma brZana, rom es moexseneba saxelmwifo kontrolso. saxel­
mwifo kontroliori rac sazRvar gareT wavida, mis Semdeg misi amxan­
agi opoziciisTvis ar warmoadgens avtoritets, rom vsTqvaT, rom yve­
laferi kargad aris. Tu gindaT, rom meti gavlena hqondes saxelmwifo
kontrols, unda gaanTavisufloT igi partiis wevrisagan. maSin meti
ndoba geqneba misdami. ise ki soc.-dem. mTavrobis kontroli soc.-dem.
kontrolioris mier, ar gvwams. me andronikaSvils ar vexebi, rogorc
pirovnebas, me vlaparakob principialurad am kontrolis Sesaxeb:
aq aris mxolod ganawileba, aris naTqvami – mieces samxedro saminis­
tros amdeni, sardals – amdeni, gvardiis Stabs amdeni, magram ar aris
cnobebi raze daixarjos. es me mgonia samxedro da sabiujeto komis­
iebisaTvis iyo saWiro. iq aris cnoba, rom es waredgina saxelmwifo
kontrolso. saxelmwifo kontrolis kanonier kompetencias Seadgens
daskvnebi warmoadginos yovel kanon-proeqtebze. SesaZlebelia am
cifrebis raodenoba Secvliliyo an fondis gaReba momxdariyo ara
erTbaSad, aramed Tan da TanobiT. es yvela seriozuli sakiTxia. roca
damf. krebas hyavs kontroliori, me mgonia, aseTi daskvna gaukeTebe­
li ar unda Semodiodes aq. saubedurod es saxelmwifo kontroliori
Zalian did energias da iniciativas iCens wvrilman saqmeebSi. roca
saqme exeba 400 mil. man. gaRebas da aq ar aris saxelmwifi kontrolis
daskvna, Cven es ar migvaCnda normalurad. ise ki, vimeoreb, Tavdacvis
winaaRmdeg araferi gvaqvs. amas imitom vambob, rom verc winaaRmdeg

490
mivscemT xmas. yvela, rac iTqva saWirod migvaCnda Tqmuliyo, rom Sem­
deg TandaTan meti wesiereba damyardes aseT saqmeSi.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b-on gr. giorgaZes.
gr. giorgaZe. (s.-d.) unda mogaxsenoT kontrolis daskvnis Sesa­
xeb. rodesac es sakiTxi irCeoda safinanso komisiaSi, iq iyo finansTa
ministri warmodgenili, romelmac ganacxada, rom roca mTavrobaSi
irCeoda es sakiTxi, iq iyo saxelmwifo kontroliori da finansTa
ministrma am sakiTxs misca dadebiTi daskvnao. da es gancxadeba iyo
savsebiT damakmayofilebeli safinanso komisiisaTvis. amitom, me mgo­
nia, is SeniSvna, romelic b. veSapelma gaakeTa, ar aris safuZvliani.
(veSapeli: sxva SemTxvevaSi?) sxva SemTxvevaSic asea. Tu es Tav-dacva
ar akmayofilebs mTel respublikas, maSin damfuZnebeli kreba ityo­
da, rom fulis gaReba zedmetiao. Tu ase davayenebT sakiTxs, vityviT,
rom is Tav-dacva, romelic axla swarmoebs, iseTi iyo, romelic mi­
zans aRwevda. (veSapeli: nakli ar hqondao, ar Tqmula?) rasakvirve­
lia nakli aqvs da omianobis dros es nakli yovelTvis aSkara xdeba da
amas Tval-yurs adevnebs yvela. naklis aRniSvnas aravin ar uaryofs.
mis aRniSvnas piriqiT saxelmwifoebrivi aRmSenebloba moiT­xovs.
magram deputatma unda icodes sad ra da rogor unda sTqvas. me pi­
radaT ver gaviziareb im azrs, TiTqos imis Tqma, rac aq sTqva qaru­
miZem, dRevandel pirobebSi xelsayreli iyos Cveni respublikisaTvis.
(veSapeli: `erTobis~ korespondenti mets ambobs?) visTvis aris xel­
sayreli is rac Tqven sTqviT? me mgonia garda mtrebisa, aravisaTvis
ar aris xelsayreli. me gulwrfelad unda mogaxsenoT, iq SegviZlia
meti vilaparakoT vidre aq. Cven gvyavda da dResac gvyavs iseTi Sei­
araRebuli Zala, romelic Rirseulad icavs Cven sazRvrebs (xmebi:
marTalia). verc erTma saxelmwifom, romelsac ki amis ganzraxva qon­
da, ver Semoyo cxvi­ri Cvens respublikaSi (qarumiZe: marTalia! kedia:
vaSa Cven jars!). amas ki Tqven angariSs ar uwevT da ar laparakobT.
(veSapeli: TqvenSi rom panika Seiqneba, maSin vilaparakebT). erT dros
iyo es panika. es iyo maSin, rodesac burJuazia garboda aqedan avto­
mobilebiT (taSi). rac Seexeba imas, rom CvenSi panika iyovo, maSinac da
dResac iaraRiT xelSi davicavT respublikas, imitom rom respubli­
kis dacva aris samarTlianobis dacva. da Cven vicavT respublikas im
jarisa da gvardiis saSualebiT, romelic gvyavs.
maT SeiZleba ar undaT iaraRi aiRon xelSi, SeiZleba maT undaT
CaquCs daubrunden, magram dRes iaraRis xelidan gamocla aris ganad­
gureba Cveni damoukideblobisa (xma: vin ambobs magas?) Tqven ar unda
sTqvaT, rom ori sistema miuRebeliao. dRevandel pirobebSi es ori
sistema misaRebia. Tqven ar unda ilaparaoT aseT rameze. gavida is
dro, xana, rodesac Cven amis Sesaxeb gvixdeboda laparaki, rodesac
Cven gvixdeboda am ori Zalis erTmaneTTan dapirdapireba. maSin Cven
vamtkicebdiT da dResac amas vamtkicebT, rom am ori Zalis SeTanxme­
bas moiTxovs Cveni respublikis interesebi. dRes amas yvela grZnobs

491
da amis Sesaxeb aq gadakvriT laparaki dauSveblad mimaCnia. bolos da
bolos Cven unda vicodeT, vin icavs Cvens respublikas. icavs muSebi,
romlebmac miatoves Tavis dazgebi da iaraRi aiRes xelSi. Cvens saz­
Rvrebs icavs glexebi, romlebmac miatoves guTani da brZolis vel­
ze waviden. es unda vicodeT Cven. Cven unda vicodeT, rom saukeTe­
so Zalebi, xelmZRvanelebi Cveni muSebisa brZolis pirvel rigSi
sdganan. aq laparaki or sistemianobaze dRevandel pirobebSi aris
daRupva respublikisa. winaaRmdeg, rodesac omis dros isini rain­
dulad icaven respublikis sazRvrebs, Cven aqedan iseTi sityva unda
mivawodoT, rom maTSi ufro gaizardos aRfrTovaneba. amiT gava­
ZlierebT Cvens fronts. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi yovelive sxva azris
gamoTqma aris frontis daSla, darRveva. rodesac respublika uz­
runvelyofili iqneba, demokratiuli wyobileba damyarebuli iqneba,
Cveni ideali gaxlavs sruli neitralitetis gamocxadeba da saxalxo
miliciis daweseba (veSapeli: Tqveni ideali aris neitraluri zona
da metis-meti neitraloba!). batonebo! Tqven rom sakiTxs ufro Rrmad
CaukvirdeT, dainaxavT, rom zogierTi neitraluri adgili aris Se­
qmnili imitom, rom Cveni damoukidebloba SevinarCunoT. am azridan
gamomdinareobs mTeli Cveni politika. magram Tu Cven mxedvelobaSi
miviReT mxolod erTi naWeri Cveni respublikis da TviT respublikas
ki ar mivaqcieT yuradReba, maSin cxadia Cveni politika damarcxdeba.
dRes laparakoben aq, rom Cven neitraluri zonebi gvaqvs da amis wi­
naaRmdeg ilaSqreben. es niSnavs imas, rom iviwyeben mTeli respublik­
is interesebs da yuradRebas aqceven mis calke nawilebs. ase sakiTxis
dasma da gadaWra ki yovlad SeuZlebelia.
me saWirod mimaCnia ganvacxado aqedan saqveynod, rogorc mtris
ise moyvris gasagonad, rom Cven gvyavs texnikuri Zala SeiaraRebuli,
romelic yovelTvis mzaT aris gasces pasuxi momxdur mters, da iciT
ras amboben azerbaijanSi bolSevikebi? Cven germaniis frontze vi­
yaviT da iseTi cecxli artileriisa ar gvinaxavs, rogorc aq saqarT­
velos frontze vnaxeTo.
Tqven ki aq texnikur mouwyoblobaze brZanebT. Tqven brZanebT
agreTve imis Sesaxeb, rom telefoni gaiyvana Sinagan-saqmeTa uwyeba­
mo. Tqven iciT, rom rodesac fronti gvaq – da dRes gvaq es fronti
– yvela frontis sasargebloT unda muSaobdes? da Tu Sinagan-saqmeTa
saministros uwyebam telefoni gamoiyvana, es imas niSnavs, rom igi sd­
gas Tavis simaRleze, mas Segnebuli aqvs saxelmwifos interesi, es imas
niSnavs, rom man daxmareba aRmouCina saxelmwifos. es movaleoba aris
ara marto Sinagan-saqmeTa uwyebisa, aramed yvela sxva uwyebebisac,
mTeli saxelmwifo aparati omis dros, frontis gasamagrelad unda
muSaobdes. omianoba iZleva erTgvar saSvalebas avwon-davwonoT yve­
la uwyebis moqmedeba, misi Rirseba da naklovaneba, calke uwyebebi am
dros erTad unda midioden. da Tu erTmaneTs xels uwyoben, es niSnavs
imas, rom sworad aqvT Segnebuli saxelmwifos interesebi, rom isini

492
saerTo mizans emsaxurebian. ra aris aq dasaZraxi.
Cven unda ganvacxadoT, rom Cveni sazRvari daculia. magram rode­
sac momzadebuli mteri daecema Cven mcire sanapiro razms wina ganz­
raxviT, rasakvirvelia am razms ar SeuZlia is Seakavos.
magram damisaxeleT erTi magaliTi, rom mteri am gvarad dacemu­
li ukuqceuli da mogerebuli ar yofiliyos. mteri yovelTvis mo­
gerebuli iyo, da es mudam ase iqneba. (taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis momxsenebel n. imnaiSvils.
n. imnaiSvili. nacionalistebis oratorma aq saTanado pasuxi
miiRo, magram me rogorc komisiis momxsenebelma unda ganvacxado, rom
dRevandel mdgomareobis gamo nacionalistebis gamosvla aq Seufer­
ebeli iyo, es miT umetes, rom veSapels qonda SemTxveva da saSvale­
ba mieRo samxedro komisiaSi saTanado ganmarteba, magram rogorc
sCans man es ar ineba da sademagogioT gamovida aq. Tu es politikuri
gamosvla iyo, Tqven ver miaxwieT mizans da Tu igi saqmis interesiT
iyo gamowveuli, Tqveni vali iyo komisiaSi gagekeTebiaT es gancxa­
deba. Tqveni gancxadeba, rom uangariSod iyo Tanxebi gaRebulio, ar
Seefereba simarTles. am 300 mil. man. Sesaxeb unda mogaxsenoT, rom
warmodgenili iyo nusxa xarjebisa, romlis erTi piri albaT Tqven­
ca gaqvT xelT. am nusxaSi didi adgili uWiravs samxedro momaragebis
saqmes. am 300 mil. maneTidan 180 mil. samneo ganyofilebas moxmarda.
amis saTanado sabuTebi warmodgenili aris, Tavis Tavad cxadia, Tqven
araviTari moraluri ufleba ara gaqvT sTqvaT, rom xarjebi uangari­
SoT iyo gaweulio. (qarumiZe: amas ver vityviT. me vlaparakob, rom ix­
arjeba da araferi ar keTdeba!) sadac ixarjeba, iq keTdeba kidec, rom
ar keTdebodes aseT mdgomareobaSi ar viqnebodiT. da Semdeg unda
Sevexo Tqven gancxadebas saTanado sakanonmdeblo daskvna ar ariso,
Tu imas ambobT, rom rogor iyo Sesrulebuli xarjebi, es momavlis
saqme, es kontrolis saqmea da is warmogidgenT. (veSapeli: moveswre­
biT ki?) amas Tqven moeswrebiT. Tu Tqven ambobT am 400 mil. maneTze
unda mogaxsenoT, rom mTavrobis sxdomaze iyo kontroli da finansTa
saministros warmomadgeneli, romlebmac es krediti daadastures.
ase rom am 400 mil. dadebiTi dasturi aqvs.
advilad SesaZlebelia, rom samxedro ministri avaT aris. me
gavige da SeiZleba aman SeuSala xeli, rom mosuliyo da Sesaferi
ganmarteba moeca TqvenTvis, magram am sakiTxis ganmarteba moxdeba
samxedro komisiaSi, es is aparatia, sadac yvelaferi gamomuSavde­
ba, gamoirkveva da Semdeg ama Tu im safuZvels gaikeTebs. magram am
sakiTxis gaSuqeba moindomeT am tribunidan im saqmeSi, romelSiac
Tqven specialisti ara xarT. (Tevzaia: „praporCiki“ aris!) (veSapeli:
yvelaferi SedarebiTia!).
Tavmjdomare. gTxovT adgilidan nu inebebT laparaks!..
imnaiSvili. da amitom es zepir gancxadebaT unda CavTvaloT, rac
Seexeba incidents, Tqven kargaT mogexsenebaT, rom es sakiTxi sdgas

493
samxedro komisiaSi da amis Sesaxeb samxedro komisias Tavisi daskvna
ar gamoutania da me dauSveblad mimaCnia, rom Tqven arRvevT erTnair
„praeloumtio“-s. (veSapeli: ramdeni xania es Semotanilia komisiaSi?) ram­
deni xania, rac Tqven daiarebiT samxedro komisiaSi? amisTana sakiTx­
is gamotana aq, rac komisiaSi gadawyvetili ar aris, me meti rom ara
vTqvaT, SeuZlebalad mimaCnia. (veSapeli: meti sTqviT!).
Tavmjdomare. bb. vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom gadavideT muxlobriv
ganxilvazed. winaaRmdeg aravin aris. gadavdivarT muxlobriv gan­
xilvazed, gTxovT waikiTxoT. (muxlobrivi ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti
miRebulia).
Tavmjdomare. Tanaxmad dadgenilebisa, saboloo teqsti dResve
mogxsendebaT. Semdegi dekreti. sityva b. Tevzaias ekuTvnis.

2. dekreti saxelmwifo dawesebulebaTa da warmoebaTa

muSa-mosamsaxureTaTvis erTdrouli daxmarebisa.

v. Tevzaia (s.-d.) batonebo! me nebas mivcem Cems Tavs mokled mogax­

senoT is motivebi, romelic arsebobda sabiujeto-safinanso komi­
siaSi am sakiTxis Sesaxeb. im ukanasknel momatebis Semdeg, romelic
damfuZnebelma krebam miiRo, gavida 6 Tve da mas Semdeg araviTari mo­
mateba ar yofila. cxovrebis siZvire ki matulobda. garda amisa iyo
iseTi garemoebebi, rom am dResaswaulebzed ar miuRiaT gansakuTre­
buli Tanxa, rogorc es wineT iyo miRebuli. zogierTebma miiRes wi­
naswar jamagiri da uxerxul mdgomareobaSi Cavarden. Semosavali ar­
saidan iyo da cxovrebis siZvire ki TandaTan mwvave xasiaTs Rebulobs.
yvela am mosazrebis gamo safinanso komisiam SesaZleblad dainaxa mie­
Ro es dekreti, ase vTqvaT, erTdrouli daxmarebis saxiT miscemoda
mosamsaxureebs jamagiri, magram ara umetes 3.000 maneTisa, rom maT
SesZlebodaT am gardamaval xanaSi xeli moimarTon da Semdeg, SeiZ­
leba momavalSi cota ukeTes pirobebSi iyos cxovreba Cayenebuli. es
iyo mokleT is mosazreba, romelic me momaxseneT sabiujeto-safinan­
so komisiis saxeliT. (veSapeli: jamagirebis momateba ar iqneba?).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom muxlobriv ganxilvazed gadavideT? aravin.
gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvazed.
veSapeli. jamagirebis momateba ar iqneba?
Tevzaia. reglamentis ZaliT me amazed exla ar SemiZlian lapara­
ki, Torem didis siamovnebiT mogaxsenebdiT.
(muxlobrivi ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebulia. me-2 muxli
miRebulia SeniSvniT, rom es dadgenileba gavrcelebul iyos mTavro­
bis wevrebsa da damfuZnebel krebis wevrebzed).
Tavmjdomare. saboloo teqsti, Tanaxmad dadgenilebisa, dResve
mogxsendebaT. Semdegi dekreti ganxiluli unda iyos daxurul sxdom­

494
azed da vsTxov sazogadoebas dastovon darbazi. (sazogadoeba dar­
bazs stovebs). sityva g. giorgaZes ekuTvnis.
kanon-proeqts samxedro uwyebis Statis damtkicebisa da cvli­
lebis Sesaxeb damf. kreba ixilavs daxurul karebSi.

3. kanon-proeqti samoqalaqo samarTlis warmoebis

wesdebis zogierTi muxlis Secvlis Sesaxeb.

m. rusia. (s.-d.) droebiT, sanamdis agraruli reforma dasrul­

debodes, saWiroa saxelmwifo fondis miwebis uzrunvelsayofad mi­
viRoT gansakuTrebuli zomebi – samediatoro sasamarTlosi, rome­
lic asrulebda saqmes da ar moiTxovda momCivan-mopasuxidan axal
sabuTebs. advili SesaZlebelia erTma dainteresebulma pirma ga­
dasces meores, da amiT saqme Seferxdes.
amitom saWiroa droebiT uZrav qonebaze dava-saCivari iqnes same­
diatoro sasamarTlos kompetenciidan amoRebuli. agredve saWiroa
sasamarTloSi Sesuli yoveli dava-saCivari uZrav qonebaze, sanam
saqme gairCeodes sasamarTloSi, aseTi Txovnebi iqnes gagzavnili mi­
wad-moqmedebis saministroSi. saministros SeZleba eqneba, rom daamt­
kicos sasamarTlos winaSe, rom esa Tu is uZravi qoneba aris namdvilad
fondis da ara kerZo piris, da aicilos Tavidan erTi pirisagan meo­
reze gadacema iseTi qonebis, romelic Seadgens saxelmwifo qonebas.
es orive zoma aris droebiTi, sanam reforma iqneba damTavrebuli.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis vis surs sityva? aravis.
vin aris muxlobriv ganxilvaze gadasvlis winaaRmdegi? miRebulia
muxlobrivi ganxilva.
Semdegi sakiTxis Sesaxeb. b. imnaiSvils ekuTvnis sityva.

4. kanon-proeqti samsaxuris vadis gadidebisa saswavlo

mcire gundebSi swavla damTavrebul jaris-kacTaTvis.

n. imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) gasul wels zafxulSi damf. krebis mier iyo

miRebuli kanoni samxedro begaris da SeiaraRebul ZalTa Sevsebis
Sesaxeb. am kanonis ZaliT sainJinro-satexniko jarebSi samsaxuris va­
dad iyo dadebuli weliwadi da 8 Tve. jariskacebs aswavlian sxva da
sxva xelobas, radio-telegrafis, medurgleobis, Sofrobis da sxva da
sxva specialur texnikur xelobas. uwyeba acxadebs, rom rodesac ja­
riskacebi gundebSi da aTeulebSi am xelobas gadian da Seiswavlian,
maSin TiTqmis maTi samsaxuris vada Tavdeba, amitom maTi gamoyeneba
samxedro uwyebas ar SeuZlia. amitom samxedro uwyeba Suamdgomlobs,
rom aseT jaris-kacTa samsaxuris vada gadiddes or wlamdis. dRes
aris erTi weliwadi da 8 Tve _ gadiddeba 4 TviT. samxedro komisiam
es kanon-proeqti ganixila da miiRo ucvlelad.

495
 Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? sityvis
msurveli aravinaa. vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom gadavideT muxlobriv
ganxilvaze? winaaRmdegi aravinaa. saTanado vadis gasvlis Semdeg mox­
deba muxlobriv ganxilva. vinaidan Semdegi sakiTxi daxurul karebSi
unda ganvixiloT, qvestors vsTxov sazogadoebas daaclevinos dar­
bazi. (sazogadoeba darbazs sclis) ase rom kanon-proeqti saxalxo
gvardiis Statis damtkicebisa da cvlilebis Sesaxeb ganxilul iqna
daxurul karebSi.

5. dekreti meqarxnisagan saaqcizo uwyebis moxelis

dasaqiraveblad xarjis gaRebisa.

d. oniaSvili. (s.-d.) am bolo dros Zlier gaxSirda iseT qarx­

nebis gaReba, romelSiac baJ dadebuli sasmeli mzaddeba, amitom am
warmoebas esaWiroeba Tval-yuris mdevneli uwyebis mxriT. magram am
warmoebas droebiTi xasiaTi aqvs. amitom xarjis gaReba xazinidan fi­
nansTa uwyebas ar SeuZlia, vinaidan SesaZlebelia, rom gaweuli xar­
ji ver anazRaurdeba SemosavliT. amitom finansTa uwyebam SeimuSava
kanon-proeqti, romlis ZaliT TviT mwarmoebelT evalebaT dafaron
moxeleTa mowvevis gamo gamowveuli xarjebi.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs zogadi msjelobisaTvis sityva? sityva ar­
avis surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? winaaRmdegi
aravin aris. muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna da ga­
daeca saredaqcio komisias.
Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva oniaSvils ekuTvnis.

6. dekreti saerobo gzebis mosamsaxureTaTvis damatebiTi

gasamrjelos misacemad 144.430 man. gadadebisa.

d. oniaSvili. (s.-d) mogexsenebaT, rom saerTod gzebi erobebs ga­

daeca, Tumca aqedan zogierTi gzebi gamonakliss Seadgens. ganzra­
xulia es gzebi gadaeces gzaTa uwyebas, romelsac jer kidev ar Cau­
barebia. am gzebze arian muSebi, romelTac Zlier mcire jamagiri
aqvT. sul 24 kaci muSaobs. arc erTi momateba jamagirisa maTze ar
gavrcelebula. amitom uwyeba Suamdgomlobs, rom am muSebis dasak­
mayofoleblad gaRebul iqnes 144. 430 maneTi. kantrolis daskvna gax­
lavT dadebiTi. safinanso komisiac Tanaxmaa.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis xom aravin inebebs sityvas?
sityva aravis surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? wi­
naaRmdegi aravin aris. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze. (muxlo­
briv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna da gadaeca saredaqcio
komisias).

496
 Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva isev oniaSvils ekuTvnis.

7. dekreti yaraiazis saxelmwifo mamulis meore

ganyofilebis sistemis sarwyavis dasamTavreblad
9.368.000 man. gadadebisa.

d. oniaSvili. (s.-d.) saqmis mdgomareoba SemdegSi mdgomareobs.

yaraiazis mamulebi, romelic ganTqmulia Tavis nayofierebiT, mi­
wad-moqmedebis zedamxedvelobis qveS imyofeba. es mamuli Sedgeba
ori ganyofilebisagan: pirveli ganyofileba morwyuli aris da amave
dros dasaxlebulic. rac Seexeba meore ganyofilebas, is dausaxlebe­
li aris, imitom rom mourwyvelia da jer-jerobiT SeuZlebelia iq
xalxis dasaxleba. am mourwyveli dasaxlebis sivrce 4.830 des. udris.
miwaT-moqmedebis saministro Txoulobs iqnes gadadebuli am mamulis
mosarwyavad 9.368.000 man. saqmeSi aris dawvrilebiTi xarjT-aRricxva
da mTeli texnikuri gegma, am saqmisaTvis revoliuciamde gaRebuli
iyo 100 aTasi maneTi. magram mogexsenebaT dRes ise Seicvala pirobebi,
rom am TanxiT mamulis morwyva SeuZlebelia. meore mxriT iseTi mdgo­
mareoba aris, rom Tu morwyva ar gagrZelda, gafuWdeba ara marto es
meore mourwyveli ganyofileba, aramed gafuWdeba TviT pirveli mor­
wyuli ganyofilebac, rac dRevandel pirobebSi yovlad dauSvebelia.
amitom uwyeba iTxovs damtkicebul iqnas uwyebis proeqti, dekreti
ganxiluli iyo safinanso komisiaSi da romelmac igi miiRo im saxiT,
ra saxiTac igi warmodgenilia. dekrets Tan axlavs rogorc sakon­
trolo, ise finansTa ministris dadebiTi daskvna.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis xom aravin inebebs sityvas?
sityva aravis nebavs. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobrivi ganxilvisa?
winaaRmdegi aravinaa. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze. (Cveule­
brivi muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna da gadaeca
saredaqcio komisias).
Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva imnaiSvils ekuTvnis.

8. dekreti muSa-mosamsaxureTaTvis pirvel

moTxovnilebis sagnis misawodeblad mTavrobis
gankargulebaSi 120.000.000 man. gadadebisa.

n. imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) mTavroba Semodis SuamdgomlobiT damf. kre­

baSi, rom mas mieces 120 mil. maneTi im fondis aRsadgenad, romelic
arsebobs ukve muSa-mosamsaxureTaTvis saqonlis SesaZenad.
Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom es fondi daarsda gasul wels oqtomber­
Si, maSin mTavrobam gamoiTxova 50 mil. maneTi. Sromis saministrom
daarsa muSaTa magida, romelmac am fuliT SeiZina sanovage muSa-mosam­

497
saxureTaTvis. dRes igi anawilebs sursaT-sanovages, rogorc saxel­
mwifo, ise kerZo dawesebulebaTa muSebs Soris. maSin Tqven gaxsovT
albaT, rodesac Cven davadgineT saWiroeba aseTi fondis Seqmnisa da
gamovdiodiT im Sexedulebisagan, rom saerTod jamagiris gadideba
da xelfasis momateba ver anelebs sasursaTo kriziss. Cven maSin saW­
irod miviCnieT iseTi fondis Seqmna, romelic sursaTis saxiT gauwe­
vda daxmarebas muSebs da mosamsaxureebs. mas Semdeg moRvaweobs muSa­
Ta magida Sromis saministrosTan da am xnis ganmavlobaSi warmoebul
saqmianobisa da misi miRvaweobis angariSi aris warmodgenili aq. mu­
SaTa magidis moRvaweoba metis metad nayofieri gaxldaT. am xnis gan­
mavlobaSi mas puris saxiT muSa-mosamsaxureTaTvis miucia oqtomber­
Si – 13.997 fuTi, noemberSi – 19. 225 fuTi, dekemberi – 207.584 fuTi,
ianvarSi – 19.198 fuTi, TebervalSi – 14.096 fuTi, martSi – 23.833
fuTi, aprilSi – 45.596 fuTi.
maSin albad Tqven gaxsovT, aseTi principi miviReT: Tu mTavro­
ba da momaragebis saministro, romelic muSa-mosamsaxureebs sursaT-­
sanovages awvdida, naxavda zarals romelime saqonelSi, es zarali
unda anazRaurebuliyo am fondidan. pirvelad yovlisa am operaci­
is dros saministro pursa da SaqarSi naxulobda zarals, imitom,
rom igi am saqonels bazarze yidulobda Zvirad da muSebs ki iafad
awvdida. am xnis ganmavlobaSi Sromis saministros purSi unaxavs
zarali oqtomberSi 264.132 man., noemberSi 525.996 man., dekemberSi
3.796.372 man., ianvarSi 4.042.797 man., TebervalSi 5.847.092 man., martSi
12.984.060 man. da aprilSi 27.537.956 man. gansxvaveba aixsneba imiT, rom
sxva da sxva dros saqoneli sxva da sxva fasebSi aris SeZenili. sul
zarali gaxlavT 54.998.408 man.
am xnis ganmavlobaSi muSaTa magida awodebda purs provinciebSi­
ac. sadac puris gamocxoba ar xerxdeboda, iq muSaTa magida siminds aw­
vdida. fqvils aZlevdnen, sxvaTa Soris, 600 man., rodesac TiTon ujde­
bodaT 1000 man. amis gamo zarali aris fuTze 400 man. agredve moawyo
provinciaSi puris gamocxobis saqme.
rigdeboda agredve Saqari. axla Saqris miwodeba Sewyvetili
aris. es aixsneba Saqris naklebobiT da rogorc vTqviT, Saqris miwode­
ba ganaxlebuli iqneba. muSaTa magida, rogorc mogexsenebaT, sulzed
aZlevda 1 girvanqas. tfilisSi darigda sul 4 racioni. sulze mieca
4 girvanqa. darigda 10.826 fuTi. (veSapeli: brinji?) provinciaSi –
1.414 fuTi. zarali iyo tfilisSi 4.655.180 man., provinciaSi – 608.250
man. sul zarali Saqarze udris 5.253.430 man. (veSapeli: brinji?)
brinji darigda tfilisSi 15.000–16.000 fuTamde, provinciaSi 5.186
fuT. brinjze zarali ar iyo, radganac igi iseT dros iyo SeZenili,
rom SesaZlebeli iyo imave fasebSi miscemodaT. Caizedac ar iyo zara­
li, romelic darigda foTSi, WiaTuraSi, tyibulSi da sxv. girvanqa
100 man. asanTi darigda aq da provinciaSi TiTo 1 m. 50 k. amazedac ar
yofila zarali, agreTve muSaTa magidam miawoda muSa-mosamsaxureebs

498
Tevzi, rogorc aq, ise provinciaSi da zarali ar yofila. sul 2.000
fuTi darigda. girvanqa 8 man.–15 maneTamde. navTi 200.000 fuTi iyo
SeZenili. nawili daurigda, nawili urigdeba muSa-mosamsaxureebs.
fasi 70 maneTi fuTi, amazedac ar yofila zarali. xis naxSiri, fuTs
aZlevdnen 50 maneTad. SeZenili iyo 8.666 fuTi. nawili darigda, nawi­
li axla rigdeba. zarali ar yofila.
agreTve muSaTa magidas mouwyvia wuRebis miwodebis saqme.
SekveTili aris gvardiis saxelosnoSi 6.432 wyvili. qalaqTa kavSiri­
dan gautania 16.762 wyv. sul miuwodebiaT muSa-mosamsaxureTa da dan­
arCen moqalaqeTaTvis 23.194 wyv. iyo SeZenili SeSa 1000 saJeni, nawili
daurigda muSa-mosamsaxureebs. saJeni SeSa daurigda 1400 – 1500 man.
da nawili Semdeg sxva fasebSi SeZenili, daurigdaT 1900 – 2000 man.
amazedac ar yofila zarali. agreTve tansacmlis sakiTxs awarmoeb­
da muSaTa magida. da es saqoneli, romelic momaragebis saministrom
SeiZina „kosmos“-isagan, am saqonlis darigeba jer kidev ar amowuru­
la da exlac grZeldeba. saerTod am zaralis asanazRaureblad ar­
sebobs saxelmwifo fondi, Tu ra mniSvneloba hqonda sazogadod am
fondis daarsebas, me mgonia, amazed zed-meti aris laparaki.
Sedegi amas hqonda is, rom am fondma SeuSala xeli xelfasis da
jamagirebis zrdas da amiT ixsna Cveni xazina zedmeti bonebis beWvdi­
sa da xarjvisagan. iaf puris ganawilebam bazarze SeaCera saerTod
zrda puris fasebisa. (veSapeli: arc ise!) tfilisSi da sxva qalaqeb­
Si moqalaqeebs SeZleba misca, rom ufro iafi puriT esargeblnaT.
SedarebiT, saerTod Tu aviRebT kerZo ojaxebs, romelic Sesdgeba 4
sulisagan da miviRebT mxedvelobaSi am daxmarebas, Cven miviRebT Se­
degs, rom 4 suli 4 girvanqa purSi aZlevdnen 20 maneTs, rodesac es
bazarze Rirs 100 maneTi (xma: meti!) SaqarSi – 75 maneTs, rodesac is ba­
zarze Rirs 400 – 500 man., brinjSi – 74 man., rodesac is bazarze Rirs
200 man. da SeiZleba metic. daaxlovebiT TviTeul ojaxis realuri
daxmareba sursaTis saxiT ojaxs, romelic 4 sulisagan Sesdgeba, Tve­
Si Seadgens 2500 – 3000 maneTamde. amas, ueWvelia, rogorc aqedan sCans
hqonda politikuri xasiaTis Sedegic, vinaidan, Tu amazed, am niadag­
zed iyo didi ukmayofileba, am sursaTis krizisis mier gamowveuli,
aseTma politikam es ukmayofileba Seanela da amnairad ara-keTili
ganwyobileba Cveni saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg nawilobriv mainc mospo.
yvela ai, am mosazrebis da im Sedegebis mixedviT, romliTac mi­
aRwia am muSaobam, mTavroba Semodis xel-axali SuamdgomlobiT, rom
mas es fondi aRedginos. gamoangariSebuli aris 120 milioni maneTi
4 TveSi: maisi, ivnisi, ivlisi da agvisto. am oTxi Tvis ganmavlobaSi,
gamoangariSebiT muSaTa magidas dasWirdeba fqvili 4 TveSi: tfilis­
Si 140.000 fuTi, foTSi 16 aTasi fuTi, quTaisSi 20 aTasi fuTi, Wia­
TuraSi 12 aTasi fuTi, foTSi 16 aTasi fuTi, tyibulSi 8 aTasi fuTi,
borjomSi 8 aTasi fuTi, TelavSi 8 aTasi fuTi, sul daaxlovebiT
228.000 fuTi. Tu muSaTa magidam miawoda puri im fasebSi, romelic

499
aqamdis arsebobda, e. i. 5 maneTad girvanqa, maSin am fqvilSi aviRebT
62.700.000 man., zarali iqneba 178.000.000 man. aseTive zarali iqneba
Saqridan, romelic gamoangariSebulia am xnisTvis 20 aTasi fuTi. sul
zarali Saqarze da purze iqneba 186.900.000 man., Tu am zaralSi monaw­
ileobas mivaRebinebT kerZo da sazogado dawesebulebebs, maSin Sei­
Zleba maT gadavaxdevinoT 35–40%. maSin mTavrobas dasWirdeba daax­
lovebiT 120–130 milioni maneTis gaReba am zaralis dasafaravad. ai,
swored es proeqti amas Seicavs, rom zarali, romelic mosalodnelia
naxos muSaTa magidam, am zaralis dasafaravad iqnes gaxsnili sagange­
bo krediti – 120 mil. maneTi. es proeqti ganixila safinanso komisiam
da gamoitana is azri, rom Sromis saministrosTan arsebuli muSaTa
magidis moRvaweoba nayofieri yofila am xnis ganmavlobaSi da safi­
nanso komisia saWirod scnobs, swored finansiuri mosazrebiT, rom
moRvaweoba muSaTa magidis ase nayofierad gagrZelebuliyos Semdeg­
Siac. safinanso komisiam gamosTqva erTi azri: vinaidgan es saqme ar
yofila farTod dayenebuli, rom igi gawdomoda Cveni respublikis
yvela nawilebs, vinaidgan muSa-mosamsaxureni yvelgan ar iReben am
sasursaTo daxmarebas da mosamsaxureni Cayenebuli arian ara erT­
nair mdgomareobaSi – zogan iaf fasebSi iReben sanovages da zogan
uxdebaT bazris fasebSi SeZena da am mxriv isini dasjilni arian, aris
gamoTqmuli survili, rom es moRvaweoba muSaTa magidis gavrceldes
respublikis danarCen adgilebSi, amis Sesaxeb gancxadeba iyo momar­
agebis ministrisa, rom es survili nawilobriv xorcieldeba. saer­
Tod isini cdiloben, rom sursaT-sanovagis miwodeba gavrcelebuli
iyos respublikis yvela nawilebSi. es aris is, rac iyo Tqmuli am pro­
eqtis Sesaxeb safinanso komisiaSi.
Tavmjdomare. vin isurvebs sityvas zogadi msjelobisaTvis? si­
tyvis msurveli aravinaa, vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobrivi ganxil­
vis? winaaRmdegi aravinaa. (muxlobrivi ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti
miRebul iqna). Semdegi sakiTxis Sesaxeb sityva b. oniaSvils ekuTvnis.

9. dekreti soxumis qalaqis sasamarTlo eqimis Statisa

da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.

d. oniaSvili. (s.-d.) saqarTvelos respublikis sasamarTlos eqim­

Ta Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis dros gamorCenil iqna
Stati soxumis sasamarTlo eqimTa. axla damatebiT proeqtia dekreti­
sa Semotanili, sadac uwyeba Txoulobs saTanado Statis damtkicebas,
radgan es aucilebelia Cveni respublikisaTvis.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? aravis. vin aris muxlobrivi gan­
xilvis winaaRmdegi? aravin. (muxlobrivi ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti
miRebuli iqmna).

500
 Semdegi sakiTxis Sesaxeb sityva giorgaZes ekuTvnis.

10. dekreti sami mil. man. gadadebisa mixeil aramian-

cisaTvis CamorTmeuli saxlis fasis asanazRaureblad.

gr. giorgaZe. mTavroba Txoulobs 3 milion maneTs im saxlisTvis,

romelic saxelmwifo saWiroebisaTvis CamoerTva aramiancs Tanaxmad
mTavrobis dadgenilebisa. safinanso komisiam ganixila es dekreti
da miiRo da me vSuamdgomlob damfuZnebel krebis winaSe komisiis
saxeliT, rom gaRebul iqnes es 3 milioni maneTi.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ilia nucubiZes ekuTvnis.
ilia nucubiZe. (soc.-rev.) batonebo! ara erTxel gamogviTqvams
Cveni azri kapitalistebis qonebis CamorTmevis Sesaxeb, Tu ra wesiT
unda xdebodes CamorTmeva, rodesac es qoneba esaWiroeba saxelmwifo,
an sazogadoebriv organizacias. Cvens fraqcias Seuwynareblad da
dauSveblad miaCnia, rom kapitalistebis qonebaSi raime sasyideli
gaviRoT. amitom es aqti fulis gaRebisa ar SeiZleba gamarTlebul
iqnes araviTari mosazrebiT, (rusia: 11 ivlisis kanoni!) radgan cno­
bilia, rom maT es qoneba ar ekuTvniT, samarTliani wesiT da gziT ar
SeuZeniaT, es aris xalxis wanagleji, amitom samarTlianobis Tval­
sazrisiT, SeuZlebelia, rom maT fuli mieces. SeuZlebelia, rom
fuli mieces finansiuri mosazrebiTac, radgan Cven viciT, rom xazin­
aSi fuli ar gvaqvs da es fuli aris xalxis kapeikebiT SeZenili, wviTa
da dagviT naSovni. roca es fuli miecema kerZo kacs, iseTs, romelsac
sxva milionebic bevri aqvs, es uaRresad dauSvebeli da miuRebelia
finansiuri mosazrebiT. agreTve ar aris misaRebi arc mizanSewoni­
lobis TvalsazrisiT, radganac, Tu kerZo kacs, isedac gasuqebuls,
kidev ufro gaasuqebT, es ar aris mizanSewonili.
batonebo! amas garda unda aRvniSno, rom es saxlebis CamorTmevis
sakiTxi unda ekuTvnodes qalaqs, qalaqis municipalur politikas
unda Seadgendes. magram, samwuxarod, Cven qalaqs araviTari politi­
ka ara aqvs. es qalaqSi saxlebis CamorTmevis sakiTxi, arc ise ubralo
sakiTxia, rogorc zogs hgonia. axla qalaqi araCveulebrivad izrdeba
da roca am zrdaSi Segnebuli xeli ar urevia, cxadia, igi ar gaSende­
ba. qalaqs aSenebden kapitalistebi im mosazrebiT, rom rac SeiZleba
meti moegoT, ase rom isini xalxis interess ar icavden. amitom ukanas­
knel xanebSi imarjvebs meore politika, – politika aqtiuri Carevisa
municipalur saqmeebSi. Tu saqmeebis mogvareba kerZo pirebs miendo,
cxadia isini moagvareben saqmes ise, rogorc maTi interesi moiTxovs.
magram aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac amas moiTxovs saxelmwifo interesi.
me mogaxsenebT, rom es qalaqis kompetencias unda Seadgendes. xolo Tu
qalaqis da saxelmwifos funqciebi ar arian gansazRvruli, es ar aris
normaluri mdgomareoba. unda iyos calke qalaqis da calke saxelmwi­

501
fos funqciebi. rac SeiZleba meti avtonomia unda mieniWos qalaqs da
saxelmwifo ar unda Caerios qalaqis saqmeebSi, Tu gindaT, rom fun­
qciebis arev-dareva ar moxdes, magram rasakvirvelia, rogorc qalaqi,
ise saxelmwifo unda emsaxurebodes demokratiis interesebs.
ai, Zvel droSi ase iyo: saxelmwifo ereoda qalaqis saqmeebSi, qa­
laqs ar hqonda avtonomia, ar hqonda Tavisufali iniciativa, qalaqi
iyo feodaluri da saxelmwifo undoblobas ucxadebda mas da cdilob­
da TiTon aeRo xelSi misi funqciebi. dRes ase ar aris, dRes qalaqi
aris demokratiul principze arCeuli, qalaqs unda hqondes farTo sa­
biujeto funqciebi miniWebuli. es aris WeSmariti debuleba.
CvenSi ki, batonebo, gabatonebulia iseTi politika, romelic Sei­
Zleba ase daxasiaTdes: erTsa da imave dros emsaxure RmerTsac da eS­
maksaco. magram, batonebo, es yovlad SeuZlebelia. (s. kedia: politika
amaSia!) Tqven an xalxs unda emsaxurebodeT da an burJuazias, an RmerTs
unda emsaxurebodeT an eSmaks. social-demokratiuli politika ase
ar iqceva. is orives emsaxureba, da amitom aris, mizans veras dros ver
aRwevs (xma: aRwevs, Tqven vis emsaxurebiT?). Cven vemsaxurebiT xalxs,
mSromel demokratias. Tqven Zveli, daxavsebuli socialistebi xarT,
araviTar angariSs ar uwevT dRevandel Seqmnil pirobebs, Tqven dRe­
sac ver SeiTviseT is WeSmariti azri, rom saWiroa cxovrebis mimdin­
areobaSi aqtiuri Careva da revoliucionur sulis Setana, saWiroa
cxovrebis socialistur niadagze gadaxaliseba. yovel dargSi, qa­
laqis meurneoba iqneba es Tu soflis meurneoba, Cven unda CaverioT,
Cven ar SegviZlia mxolod erT stiqiur process mivdioT.
am SemTxvevaSi kidev vimeoreb aramiancis saxlebis gamosyidvis
Sesaxeb. me vacxadeb, rom es yovlad SeuZlebelia, marTalia aseTi
kanoni arsebobs, magram es kanoni ar aris samarTliani da mizan Sewoni­
li. dRes Cven iseTi Raribebi varT, rom yovlad SeuZlebelia aseTi
usaqmoT vyaroT 100 aTasi maneTebi, Cven oriode groSi ver gagviRia
Rarib studentebisaTvis, maswavlebelTaTvis da amave dros viRaca
aramiancs aTasobiT vaZlevT. mere iciT, ra mdgomareobaSia maswav­
lebloba da Cveni studentoba? TviT elementi Cveni kulturis aRor­
Zinebisa da ganviTarebisa SimSiliT ixoceba, maTTvis veraviTari dax­
mareba ver gagviwevia da isini iseT pirobebSi arian Cayenebulni, rom
araviTari saSvaleba ara aqvT wesier muSaobisTvis (xmebi: demagogia!).
es demagogia ki ara, mSrali da samwuxaro faqtia. gana demagogia aris
is, rom Cveni studentoba dRes gaWirvebis gamo iZulebulia Tavi
mianebos swavlas da samsaxurSi Sevides? gana demagogia aris aRniS­
vna im faqtisa, rom Cveni maswavlebloba SimSiliT kvdeba. demagogia
aris imis aRniSvna, rom Cveni inteligencia, tvini Cveni kulturisa,
auwerel gaWirvebas ganicdis da rom mas ver vexmarebodeT Cven? ara,
es demagogia ki ara namdvili faqtia, da aseT dros ai, am gaWirvebul
nawils Cven sazogadoebisas veraviTar daxmarebas ver uwevT, Cven ve­
Rarc aramiancebs vaZlevT aTasebs. Cven erTxel 8 mil. miveciT tyi­

502
bulis qvanaxSiris sazogadoebas, miveciT imas, visac ar ekuTvnoda,
Cven erTxel ukve ganvacxdeT amis gamo protesti. Cven ukve avRniSneT
ukanonoba da usamarTloba aseTi moqmedebisa. Cven exlac winaaRmdegi
varT am dekretisa.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis damf. kr. wevr b-on asaTians.
al. asaTiani. (er.-demok.) batonebo! ivnisis 11-is kanonis gamoce­
mis Semdeg mravali SemTxveva iyo imisa, rom saTanado dawesebulebam
gadalaxa am kanonis farglebi da moaxdina qonebis CamorTmeva ara kan­
onis mixedviT, aramed sxva mizezebis gamo.
am SemTxvevaSiac ivnisis 11-is kanoni gadalaxulia. es kanoni
gulisxmobs Senobebis CamorTmevas saxelmwifos da municipalitetis
saWiroebisaTvis. sxvas kanoni ar gulisxmobs, kerZo organizaciebis
saWiroebisaTvis saxlis CamorTmeva ar SeiZleba. rasakvirvelia ba­
tonebo, kerZo organizaciebSiac gansxvaveba unda davinaxoT. aris
organizacia friad mniSvnelovani saxelmwifos TvalsazrisiT Tu
partiul TvalsazrisiT, magram gansxvaveba unda iyos kerZo organi­
zaciisa da saxelmwifo organizacias Soris. rodesac 11 ivnisis kan­
onis ZaliT xdeba CamorTmeva kerZo piris binebis kerZo organizaciis
sasargeblod, es ar aris samarTliani. rac Seexeba imas, wina orator­
ma rom sTqva: burJuazia xalxis zurgze gasuqda da unda CamovarTvaT
qonebao, SeiZleba eserebis TvalsazrisiT es marTlac ase iyo, magram
faqtiurad sinamdvile sul sxvas gveubneba. da es Tqven zurgze ga­
suqebuli burJuazia, es Tqveni mogonilia (sicili). yovel SemTxveva­
Si cxovrebis mimdinareoba sruliad ar amarTlebs im azrebs, romelic
nucubiZem wamoayena aq. aqtiuri politikuri Careva yvelgan saWiroa,
magram am SemTxvevaSi Careva unda iyves frTxili. Tqven brZanebT, rom
qalaqi izrdebao, romeli qalaqi gaizarda? sad xdeba es mas Semdeg
rac Tqven saSvaleba mogecaT gewarmoebiaT politika, Zala-ufleba
xelSi CaigdeT, arc erTi qalaqi ar gaSenebula, darwmunebuli unda
iyveT, rom erTi saxlic ki ar aSenebula (CxikviSvili: Tqveni meox­
ebiT!). raSi gamoixata es? (CxikviSvili: imperialistebma daangries!)
imperialistebma daangries, magram ratom arafers ambobT imaze, rac
maT aaSenes? da me Tqven gekiTxebiT, rodis meti daingra? Tqven xelSi
Tu maSin? mogaxsenebT qalaqis meurneobaze.
qalaqSi yvelaferi daingra, mas Semdeg rac Tqven moeqeciT mar­
Tva-gamgeobis saTaveSi, Tqveni ganmanadgurebeli politikiT. es WeS­
maritebaa da amaze dava ar SeiZleba, amaSi me yvela dameTanxmeba.
aiReT romeli dargic gindaT meurneobisa. rodis daingra meti Tqveni
politikis gabatonebis Semdeg Tu imperialistebis dros? (toroSel­
iZe: safrangeTi?) rodis aris meti siZvire? (n. ramiSvili: kargi ekon­
omisti brZandebiT: nu Tu ar iciT, riTi aris gamowveuli siZvire?)
cxovrebis siZvire gamowveulia Tqveni politikis gaZvirebiT (ramiS­
vili: inglisSi Tqveni arian?) (xma: obivatelis msjeloba aris!). WeS­
mariteba aris, rom yovel obivatels esmis es, amaze laparaki ar aris

503
xelsayreli TqvenTvis. marTalia omma bevri ram gaaZvira ara marto
saqarTveloSi, aramed sxva qveynebSi, rasakvirvelia es siZvire saer­
To movlenaa, magram Tu SeadarebT im qveynebs, sadac ufro intensi­
urad swarmoebda omi, rogoric aris safrangeTi, inglisi (xmauroba),
iqac gaZvirda cxovreba, magram 2 da 3 jer, magram im qveynebSi, sadac
oms revoliucia daerTo, iq cxovreba erTi asjer gaZvirda (xmauro­
ba). aiReT ruseTi da saqarTvelo (Tevzaia: germania!). diax, germania,
ra nayofi gamoiRo revoliuciam germaniaSi da avstro-ungreTSi?
(Tevzaia: revoliucia kargia!). ara, revoliucia TqvenTvis aris kar­
gi, magram me mgonia xalxisTvis igi bolos da bolos ar gamodga kar­
gi. me mgonia Tqven unda gqondeT moqalaqeobrivi gambedaoba da aRi­
aroT is rac xdeba. xSirad revoliucias kargi Sedegebic moaqvs, da
amis magaliTi aris ruseTi. ai, batonebo! daubrundeT Cven sakiTxs.
Cveni erov. demok. azriT, am SemTxvevaSi ivnisis 11 kanoni Selaxuli
aris, vinaidan CamorTmeuli iyo Senoba ara saxelmwifos organizaci­
is, aramed kerZo organizaciis saWiroebisaTvis. rasakvirvelia aseT
kerZo organizaciebs Tu daexmarebiT Tqven sesxiT, an sxva raime saxiT,
Cven amis winaaRmdegi ar viqnebiT. Tu SeiZleba da saSvaleba gveqne­
ba, maT unda auSenoT saxlebi, sagangebo Senobebi, romlebic swored
maTTvis iqneba gamosadeqi, magram Cven winaaRmdegi varT, rodesac am
kerZo organizaciebisTvis kanonebi ilaxeba, Cven vfiqrobT, rom ar
iyo mizanSewonili erT mxriT da meore mxriT darRveuli aris kanoni
aramiacis Senobis CamorTmeviT, amitom Cven winaaRmdegi varT, rom es
Senoba CamoerTvas aramiancs.
Tavmjdomare. sityva momxsenebels ekuTvnis.
gr. giorgaZe. ar megona, Tu es sakiTxi aseT kamaTs gamoiwvevda.
b. asaTianma am saxlis sakiTxi siZvires, ekonomiur kriziss da sxva
amisTanebs daukavSira (asaTiani: rodis daukavSira?). ar vici, ra kav­
Siri aqvs am sakiTxs, magram aSkara aris is, rom Sexeduleba dRevan­
del siZvirezed, rac b. asaTianma gamosTqva, ar aris marTali (gvazava:
kanonieria Tu ara?). es sakiTxi aseT farglebSi arc b. asaTians, arc
b. nucubiZes ar unda gamoetanaT. unda movaxseno am azris Sesaxeb b. nu­
cubiZes, rom am sakiTxSi damfuZnebli kreba sdgas kanonier niadagzed
da mis mier gamocemuli kanoni pirvelad TiTonve unda Seasrulos.
maSasadame es gadadgmuli nabiji mTavrobisa, sruliad kanonieria.
b. nucubiZes movaxseneb, rom amis Sesaxeb arsebobs kanoni da b. asaTiani
rom ambobs, kanoni gadalaxuliao, am kanonSi sweria, rom mTavrobas
SeuZlian sazogadoebis saWiroebisaTvis CamoarTvas esa Tu is qone­
ba gansazRvruli wesiT. amnairad kanoni gadalaxuli ar aris, radga­
nac... (gvazava: es sazogado dawesebuleba sad aris?). gana sazogadoe­
brivi dawesebuleba ar aris is muSaTa saxli, sadac profesionaluri
muSaTa organizaciebi aris moTavsebuli? Tu es ar aris sazogado saW­
iroeba, maS raRa aris sazogado saWiroeba? (asaTiani: kooperativi?).
am gvarad mogaxsenebT, rom es CamorTmeuli iyo sazogado saWiroebi­

504
saTvis da amasTanave kanoni savsebiT daculi aris. me mogaxsenebT im
saqmes, romlisTvisac saWiroa es saxli. es sazogado saWiroebas war­
moadgens da Tu kanons ar SevcvliT, es kanonierad aris gakeTebuli. me
mgonia, b. nucubiZe, jer ar damdgara sakiTxi saxlebis socializaci­
isa, radganac (replika ar ismis), Tqven es sakiTxi daukavSireT imas,
rom maswavleblebs jamagiri ara aqvT, mag gzas rom davadgeT, erTi
Tve ki ara, wlobiT jamagirs ver miiReben. saxlebis konfiskaciis
gzas rom davadgeT, CvenSi moxdeba is, rac moxda ruseTSi (ramiSvili:
komunistebi brZandebian!). Cven am gzas ver davadgebiT. am SemTxveva­
Si inteligencia, es Wkua-gonebaa sazogadoebisa, am inteligenciam
Zalian kargad icis, rom mxolod Sromis nayofierebas aqvs mniSvnelo­
ba sazogadoebisaTvis da ara rekviziciebs da konfiskaciebs. am gziT
SeiZleba inteligenciis SenarCuneba da saerTod Sromis nayofiereba.
golovinis prospeqtzed rom gamoacxadoT yvela saxlebi saxelmwifo
sakuTrebad, am gziT araferi gakeTdeba. (Sengelaia: 24 saaTSi SeiZle­
ba moaxdinoT nacionalizacia saxlebisa, 24 saaTSi!). me mogaxsenebT,
batonebo, rom es miuRebelia CvenTvis imitom, rom is, rac misaRebia
TqvenTvis, is ar aris misaRebi imaTTvis, vinc WkvaTa myofelia. es kan­
onis darRveva ar aris, kanonis Tanaxmad moqmedobs mTavroba da viTx­
ov, rom es miiRos damfuZnebelma krebam (gvazava: Tanaxmaa is kaci?).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom muxlobriv ganxilvazed
gadavideT? aravin. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvazed. (muxlo­
brivi ganxilvis Semdeg miRebulia da gadaecema saredaqcio komisias).
ukve 3 saaTze meti gaxlavT, rogor inebebT, saboloo teqstebi
gvaqvs misaRebi, is mogxsendebaT da dRiuri wesrigi. (saboloo te­
qstebs kiTxulobs q. qr. SaraSiZis asuli). exla mogxsendebaT dRiuri
wesrigi. vidre dRiur wesrigs moismendeT aq Suamdgomloba gaxlavT
b. berSteinis. waikiTxeT. (mdivani kiTxulobs): „gTxovT Tve-naxevriT
gaanTavisufloT damf. krebis wevri er. berSteini, romelic igzavne­
ba davalebiT momaragebis saministros mier evropaSi“.
vinc sazRvar-gared mibrZandeba, prezidiums neba aqvs darTos mx­
olod erTi Tvis vadiT, Tqven nebas darTavT 5 kviriT? (erTxmad miRe­
bulia). unda mogaxsenoT, rom konstituciis teqstebi dabeWdilia da
daurigda damfuZnebeli krebis wevrebs da iyideba w.-k. g. s. maRazia­
Si. (mdivani kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs). sxdoma daxurulia.

505
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

ocdamexuTe sxdoma

(25)

1920 weli. ivnisis 18. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris ufrosi am­

xanagi
al. lomTaTiZe.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivani k. jafariZe.
prezidiumSi aris eqvTime TayaiSvili.
sxdoma iwyeba SuadRis 12 saaT. 10 wuTze.
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas gaxsnilad vacxadeb. gTxovT moisminoT ko­
misiaSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtebis nusxa da dRiuri wesrigi.
mdivani (kiTxulobs komisiaSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtebs).

komisiaSi gadasacemi kanon-proeqtebi:

1. ganaTlebis ministris proeqti dekretisa – „dedobisa da bav­

Svobis sazogadoebisaTvis“ bavSvTa saxlisa, konsultaciisa da bavSv­
Ta bagaTa mosawyobad 380.092 man. gaRebis Sesaxeb.
2. finansTa ministris proeqti dekretisa – ucxoeTidan Semosatan
koniakis spirtze sabaJo tarifis Secvlis Sesaxeb.
3. Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris proeqti dekretisa – qal. WiaTuris
TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis 3.000.000 man. sesxis micemis Sesaxeb.
4. iuridiuli komisiis iniciativiT SemuSavebuli proeqti dek­
retisa – senatorTa da senatis saprokuroro nawilis Tanamdebobis
pirTaTvis jamagiris gadidebis Sesaxeb.
mdivani. (kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs).

507
 dRiuri wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – meqarxnisagan saaqcizo uwyebis mo­

xelis dasaqiraveblad xarjis gaRebisa. momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
2. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – saerobo gzebis mosamsaxureTaT­
vis damatebiTi gasamrjelos misacemad 144.530 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb.
momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
3. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – muSa-mosamsaxureTaTvis pir­
vel moTxovnilebis sagnis misawodeblad mTavrobis gankargulebaSi
120.000.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
4. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – yaraiazis saxelmwifo meore gan­
yofilebis sistemis sarwyavis dasamTavreblad 9.368.000 gadadebis
Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
5. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – soxumis qalaqis sasamarTlo eqi­
mis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia
iv. gomarTeli.
6. saboloo teqsti dekretisa – 3.000.000 man. gadadebis Sesaxeb –
mixeil aramiancisaTvis CamorTmeul saxlis fasis asanazRaureblad.
momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
7. dekreti – gareSe saqmeTa ministris gankargulebaSi konstanti­
nopolisa da moskovis misiebis valebis gasastumreblad 388.920 man.
gadadebisa. momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
8. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – sapyrobileTa
damcveli razmis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
momxsenebelia i. fircxalaiSvili da dav. oniaSvili.
9. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – tfilisis sa­
samarTlo palatis Statis damatebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia i. fircx­
alaiSvili da gr. giorgaZe.
10. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – sapatimroTa
saqmis umaRles sabWos debulebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia
i. fircxalaiSvili.
11. dekreti – Sinagan-saqmeTa saministrosTan arsebuli gansakuT­
rebuli razmis moqmedebis gangrZobisa. momxsenebelia d. oniaSvili.
12. dekreti – miwad-moqmedebis saministros saijaro ganyo­
filebis saerTo Semosavlidan 20 procentis erobaTa sasargeblod
gadadebisa. momxsenebelia i. kopaleiSvili da d. oniaSvili.
13. dekreti _ mobilizaciiT gawveul jariskacTa da gvardielTa
ojaxebis daxmarebisa. momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.
14. dekreti – goris garnizonis sxva da sxva adgilas dasabinaveb­
lad gaweul xarjis dasafaravad 5.246.493 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebe­
lia n. imnaiSvili.
15. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa – qalaq foTis sa­
sargeblod navTsadguriT Semotanil da gatanil saqonelzed safuTo
gadasaxadis SemoRebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia m. rusia da d. oniaSvili.

508
 Tavmjdomare. dRis wesrigis Sesaxeb aris iusticiis ministris
Txovna, rom „pirvel (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa sapyrobile­
Ta damcvel razmis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb“
da „pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa tfilisis sasamarT­
los palatis Statis damtkicebis Sesaxeb“, saboloo teqstebis Semdeg
pirvelad iyos ganxiluli. aris agredve winadadeba social-demokra­
tiul fraqciis biurodan, rom meTerTmete sakiTxi „Sinagan-saqmeTa
saministrosTan arsebuli gansakuTrebuli razmis moqmedebis gare­
moebis Sesaxeb“ gadatanil iqnes ukanasknel sakiTxad. sityvas xom ar­
avin inebebs am winadadebaTa Sesaxeb? sityva aravis ar surs. aris Tu
ara vinme winaaRmdegi am winadadebisa? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. dRis
wesrigi damtkicebuli gaxlavT. sityva ekuTvnis ivane gomarTels.
iv. gomarTeli. (kiTxulobs) dRiur wesrigis 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 da 7 mux­
lSi aRniSnul sakanonmdeblo aqtebs, saboloo teqstebs, rasac dam­
fuZnebeli kreba ucvlelad iRebs.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. i. fircxalaiSvils.

1. pirveli zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa

sapyrobileTa damcvel razmis Statisa da
xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

i. fircxalaiSvili. (s.-d.) batonebo! tfilisSi arsebul sapyro­

bileebs dRemdis icavda sagubernio baTalioni, romlis likvidacia
mTavrobam daadgina da sisruleSi moiyvana Sinagan-saqmeTa saminis­
trom. baTalionis likvidaciis Semdeg sapyrobileebi daculi unda
yofiliyo reguliaruli jaris kacebis mier, magram sxva da sxva mize­
zebis gamo samxedro saministrom es ver moaxerxa. amitom iustici­
is saministro iZulebuli iyo Seeqmna sagangebo sadarajo razmi. es
razmi Sesdgeba oTxasi (400) kacisagan. es oTxasi kaci saWiro aris, rom
daicvas tfilisSi arsebuli sapyrobileebi da daxmareba gauwios
quTaisis sapyrobileebs. amasTanave am oTxas kacs kidev emateba 59 kaci
– razmis ufrosi da sxvebi. iusticiis saministro adgens kanon-pro­
eqts, darTuli aqvs Stati da xarjT-aRricxva, romlis Sesaxeb safi­
nanso komisias hqonda msjeloba da romlis azrsac mogaxsenebT meore
momxsenebeli.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. oniaSvils.
d. oniaSvili. safinanso-sabiujeto komisiam miiRo es kanon-pro­
eqtebi im saxiT, rogorc mTavrobis mier iyo warmodgenili.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis vis surs sityva? sityva ar­
avis surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi ganxilvisa? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
saTanado vadis gasvlis Semdeg iqneba ganxiluli. Semdegi sakiTxi gax­
lavT (kiTxulobs). sityva ekuTvnis b. i. fircxalaiSvils.

509
 2. kanon-proeqti tfilisis sasamarTlo
palatis Statis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

i. fircxalaiSvili. (s.-d.) mogexsenebaT, batonebo, rom 19 dekem­

bers 1919 wels, damfuZnebelma krebam miiRo sasamarTlo uwyebis
dawesebulebaTa Statebis Semcireba. palatis StatSi aris naCvenebi:
erTi palatis prokurori, erTi amxanagi, erTi mdivani, erTi mdivnis
TanaSemwe, erTi kancelariis moxele da erTic Sikriki. aRniSnuli
Statis cxovrebaSi gatarebam gviCvena, rom ricxvi am Statebisa dRes
mciredia, exla arsdeba sasamarTlo palatasTan samarTalSi micemis
kamera da es moiTxovs Statebis gamravlebas. iusticiis saministro
adgens kanon-proeqts, romlis ZaliT aRniSnuli Statebs daemateba
ori prokuroris amxanagi, erTi kancelariis moxele da erTi manqaniT
gadamweri. amasTanave am kanon-proeqts darTuli aqvs Statebi da xar­
jT-aRricxva, romlis Sesaxeb iqonia msjeloba safinanso-sabiujeto
komisiam. mis azrs mogaxsenebT meore momxsenebeli.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. gr. giorgaZes.
gr. giorgaZe. safinanso komisiam ganixila es Statebi da ucvle­
lad miiRo da misi saxeliT maqvs pativi ganvacxado, rom aRniSnuli
kanon-proeqtis sawinaaRmdego araferi gvaqvs.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis xom aravin inebebs sityvas?
sityva aravis ar surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa?
winaaRmdegi aravin aris da saTanado vadis gasvlis Semdeg ganxiluli
iqneba.
Semdegi sakiTxis Sesaxeb (kiTxulobs) sityva ekuTvnis b. giorgaZ­
es. (xma adgilidan: aq ar aris?). Semdegi sakiTxia (kiTxulobs) sityva
ekuTvnis b. i. fircxalaiSvils.

3. kanon-proeqti sapatimroTa umaRles sabWos

debulebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

i. fircxalaiSvili. (s.-d.) batonebo, iusticiis saministros mier

wardgenilia kanonproeqti, romlis ZaliT iusticiis saministrosTan
unda dawesdes sapatimroTa saqmeebis umaRlesi sabWo. am sabWos wev­
rebad iqnebian: respublikis sasamarTlo palatis prokurori, olq­
is sasamarTlos Tavmjdomare, olqis sasamarTlos prokurori, qal.
tfilisis mouravi, tfilisis samazro erobis gamgeobis Tavmjdomare,
nafic veqilTa warmomadgeneli da tusaRTa mfarveli sazogadoebis
warmomadgeneli. aRniSnuli sabWos funqciebs Seadgens ganxilva yve­
la kanonebisa da mniSvnelovani sakiTxebisa, romelnic Seexebian tu­
saRTa Senaxvas da sapyrobileTa marTva-gamgeobis wesrigs. am sabWos
eqneba saTaTbiro da ara gadamwyveti xasiaTi. ganxiluli sakiTxebi
waredgineba iusticiis ministrs dasamtkiceblad. dRemdis, revoli­

510
uciamdis, sapyrobileTa marTva-gamgeobis da mowesrigebis saqme qon­
da davalebuli gubernators da sagubernio sammarTvelos. arsebob­
da ruseTSi agreTve sapatimroTa mzrunveli sazogadoeba. dRes ki am
movaleobas saqarTveloSi asrulebs sapyrobileTa inspeqtori. aseTi
didi movaleobis asruleba, romelic dakisrebuli aqvs sapatimroTa
inspeqtors, moiTxovs, rom mas hyavdes erTgvari damxmare. da am dam­
xmaris rolSi unda gamovides umaRlesi sabWo, romelic arsdeba ius­
ticiis saministrosTan. es sabWo araviTar xarjs ar iwvevs.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisTvis xom aravin inebebs sityvas?
sityvis msurveli aravin aris. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobrivi ganx­
ilvisa? winaaRmdegi aravin aris da saTanado vadis gasvlis Semdeg
iqneba ganxiluli.
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis b. kopaleiS­
vils.

4. miwad-moqmedebis saministros saijaro ganyofilebis

saerTo Semosavlidan 20% erobaTa sasargeblod gadadebisa.

i. kopaleiSvili. (s.-d.) miwad-moqmedebis saministros ganzraxva

aqvs saxazino miwebis saijaro ganyofilebis saerTo Semosavlidan
gadadebul iqnes erobaTa sasargeblod 20 procenti. saministro amas
asabuTebs Semdegi mosazrebiT: vinaidan erobebis axali sabiujeto
uflebebi jer-jerobiT SemuSavebuli ar aris da erobebi ki moiT­
xoven saxelmwifo xazinidan aucilebel daxmarebas, miwad-moqmedebis
saministros saWirod miaCnia, vinaidan saxelmwifos Semosavlis sxva
da sxva wyaroebidan unda Sekrebil iqnas erobebis daxmarebisaTvis
sabiujeto fondi, erT-erT aseT wyarod iyos saijaro ganyofilebis
saerTo Semosavlidan gansazRvruli procentebis gadadeba. ruseT­
Si erobebi aseTi uflebebiT sargeblobden. amier-kavkasiaSiac iyo
gadadebuli gansazRvruli procenti saxazino miwebis Semosavli­
sa. amitom miwad-moqmedebis saministro moiTxovs es dekreti iyos
damtkicebuli. es proeqti ganixila komisiam. proeqti miRebul iqna
da waredgina safinanso-sabiujeto komisias daskvnisaTvis. mis azrs
gagacnobT meore momxsenebeli.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. d. oniaSvils.
d. oniaSvili. (s.-d.) safinanso-sabiujeto komisiam SesaZleblad
scno am proeqtis miReba. umTavresad igi Semdegi mosazrebebiT xel­m­
ZRvanelobda: Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom erobebs ara aqvT mudmivi biu­
jeti, mudmivi Semosavlis wyaro da amitom es 20 procenti erTnairad
nivTier SesaZleblobas aZlevs erobebs, rom daikmayofilon Tavian­
Ti xarjebi. saqme imaSia, rom es safondo miwebi faqtiurad gadaeca
erobebs da TviTmmarTvelobebs da maTi pirdapiri meTvalyure da
pasuxismgebeli aris eroba. rom eroba dainteresdes am muSaobiT da

511
Semosavalic mudmivi da nayofieri hqondes, amitom sabiujeto komis­
iam saWirod scno es proeqti aucileblad miRebuli yofiliyo. garda
amisa mexuTe muxlSi naTqvami iyo, rom miwad-moqmedebis saministro
moiTxovs...
Tavmjdomare. aq oTxi muxlia mxolod.
d. oniaSvili. dekretis proeqti Sesdgeboda xuTi muxlisagan, ma­
gram sabiujeto komisiam mexuTe muxli amoSala im mosazrebiT, rom
avansad gacema am SemTxvevaSi saWiro ar aris, radganac erobebs ukve
mieca 100 milioni. sabiujeto komisiam am muxlis miReba zedmetad
dainaxa da amoSala. TviTmmarTvelobis komisiamac ase miiRo.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? sityva ar­
avis ar surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? winaaRmde­
gi aravin aris. gTxovT waikiTxoT.
kopaleiSvili (kiTxulobs saTaurs da pirvel muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? aravis. vin aris winaaRmdegi? wi­
naaRmdegi aravin aris. miRebulia. Semdegi.
kopaleiSvili (kiTxulobs meore muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. Semdegi.
kopaleiSvili (kiTxulobs mesame muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. Semdegi.
kopaleiSvili (kiTxulobs meoTxe muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. miRe­
bulia. kenWs uyri mTel dekrets. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaR­mdegi
aravin aris, dekreti miRebulia da gadaecema saredaqcio komisias.
sityva ekuTvnis momxsenebels n. imnaiSvils.

5. dekreti mobilizaciiT gawveul jaris kacTa

da gvardielTa ojaxebis daxmarebisa.

nik. imnaiSvili (s.-d.) mobilizaciiT gawveulni arian, rogorc

mogexsenebaT, Cveni moqalaqeebi dabadebulni 1888-1889; 1894-95 wleb­
Si. mobilizacia gavrcelda agredve imaTze, rom ojaxis erTad erTi
marCenelad iTvleba da moqalaqe jarSi iyo gadaricxuli. exla yve­
la amaTi ojaxebi did gaWirvebas ganicdian imis gamo, rom marCeneli
frontze imyofebian da maT ojaxebs daxmareba ara aqvT. am garemoebas
yuradReba miaqcia Tavdacvis sabWom, iqonia msjeloba da dadgenile­
ba gamoitana, rom respublikis xazinidan raime daxmareba misces jar­
Si gawveulTa ojaxebs da amasTanave daevalos adgilobriv Temebs da
TviTmmarTvelobebs, rom SeZlebis da gvarad daamuSaon maTi yanebi da
Seasrulon ramdenadac es SesaZlebelia, maTi samuSao. amis mixedviT

512
aris warmodgenili es proeqti, romelic miiRo samxedro saministrom
da Semdeg safinanso-sabiujeto komisiam.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva msjelobisaTvis? sityva aravis ar
surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? winaaRmdegi ara­
vin aris. gTxovT waikiTxoT.
n. imnaiSvili. (kiTxulobs saTaurs da pirvel muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? sityva aravis ar surs. vin aris wi­
naaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. miRebulia. Semdegi.
n. imnaiSvili. (kiTxulobs meore muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva meore muxlis Sesaxeb? sityva aravis
ar surs, vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. miRebulia.
Semdegi.
n. imnaiSvili. (kiTxulobs mesame muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva mesame muxlis Sesaxeb? sityva aravis
ar surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. miRebulia.
Semdegi.
n. imnaiSvili. (kiTxulobs meore muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva meoTxe muxlis Sesaxeb? sityva ara­
vis ar surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. miRebu­
lia. Semdegi.
n. imnaiSvili. (kiTxulobs mexuTe muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva mexuTe muxlis Sesaxeb? sityva ara­
vis ar surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. miRebu­
lia. kenWs uyri mTel dekrets: vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi ar­
avin aris. dekreti miRebulia da gadaecema saredaqcio komisias.
Tavmjdomare. b. imnaiSvils ekuTvnis sityva.

6. dekreti goris garnizonis sxva da sxva

adgilas dasabinaveblad gaweuli xarjis
dasafaravad 5.246.493 man. gadadebisa.

n. imnaiSvili. miwis ZvriT q. goris dangrevis gamo iqauri gar­

nizoni gadayvanil iqmna sxva da sxva adgilas. erTi nawili am garni­
zonisa dabanakebul iqmna axalcixeSi, meore artaanSi, Semdeg bor­
jomSi da sxvagan. am gadayvanam gamoiwvia xarjebi. magaliTad erTi
nawili, romelic axalcixeSi gadaiyvanes, moaTavses Zvel SenobebSi.
am Senobebs Sesworeba da remonti dasWirda. amazed daixarja erTi
milioni rvaas oTxmocdaoTxi aTasi man. Semdeg, meore nawili, erT-
erT saartilerio divizionis batarea gadaiyvanes da moaTavses Se­
nobaSi, romelic saTanado gakeTebas moiTxovda, rac dajda xuTas
ocda Svidi aTas Svidas ormoci man. zogan ki axali Senobebis ageba
dasWirdaT. erT-erTi sanapiro razmi axalqalaqSi gadaiyvanes da amas

513
gamouwvevia 518.670 man. xarji, q. gorSi _ 300.000 man., borjomSi bri­
gadis Stabis mowyoba-mogvarebas 460.073 man. mTeli goris garnizonis
gadayvana da saTanado adgilas Senobis SekeTeba-Sevseba dajda sul
3.690.483 man. garda amisa, Tanaxmad generalur Stabis moTxovnilebisa
q. artaanSi unda dabanakebuliyo jaris erTi nawili, erTi gundi, rac
dajda 1.556.010 man., sul 5.246.493 man. da ai samxedro saministro Se­
modis SuamdgomlobiT, rom gaexsnas mas saTanado krediti. samxedro
komisiam miiRo es, agreTve safinanso komisiamac, Tan saxelmwifo kon­
trolis dadebiTi daskvna axlavs.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva sazogado msjelobisaTvis? vin
aris winaaRmdegi, rom muxlobriv ganxilvazed gadavideT? miRebu­
lia, ­gTxovT gadavideT muxlobriv ganxilvazed. (muxlobriv gan­
xilvis Semdeg damf. krebis mier miRebul iqna da gadaeca saredaqcio
komisias).

7. kanon-proeqti qalaq foTis sasargeblod

navTsadguriT Semotanil da gatanil saqonelze
safuTo gadasaxadis SemoRebisa.

Tavmjdomare. sityva b. rusias ekuTvnis.

m. rusia. (s.-d.) foTis TviTmmarTvelobam aRZra Suamdgomloba,
rom gadadebuli iyos is gadasaxadi, romelic foTis sasargeblod
iyo dawesebuli 1919 wels 24 martis kanoniT, navTsadguridan ga­
tanil da Semotanil saqonelzed. maSin am saqonlis safuTo gadasaxa­
di iyo naxevar kapeiki, Semdeg es gadasaxadi gadidda or maneTamde.
axla TviTmmarTveloba Suamdgomlobs, rom iqnes kidev gadidebuli
es gadasaxadi. mTavrobam ganixila es Suamdgomloba foTisa da daad­
gina, rom foTis sasargebloT gaadidos 50 proc. im gadasaxadisa, ro­
melic aris 1919 w. dekembris 13 kanoniT. 50 proc. e. i. daedeba im saq­
onels, romelic iqneba Semotanil-gatanili q. foTis navTsadgurSi,
es daxmareba gadaecema q. foTs im pirobiT, rom naxevari am gadasaxa­
disa moxmardes aucileblad am navTsadguris gaumjobesebas. am ga­
dasaxadidan ganTavisuflebuli aris Savi qva. ai es aris Sinaarsi am
kanon-proeqtisa.
Tavmjdomare. sityva b-on oniaSvils ekuTvnis.
d. oniaSvili. (s.-d.) sabiujeto komisiam es kanon-proeqti miiRo
imav saxiT, romliTac iyo warmodgenili TviTmmarTvelobis komisiis
mier, e. i. 50 proc. gadasaxadisa unda gadaidos q. foTis TviTmmarTv­
elobis sasargeblod.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
saTanado dros gasvlis Semdeg kanon-proeqti ganxiluli iqneba mux­
lobrivad.

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 Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis b-on oniaS­
vils.

8. dekreti Sinagan-saqmeTa saministrosTan arsebul

sagangebo razmis moqmedebis gangrZobisa.

d. oniaSvili. (s.-d) batonebo! rogorc mogexsenebaT Sinagan-saq­

meTa saministrosTan arsebobs sagangebo razmi. am razmis daarseba
gamowveuli iyo gansakuTrebuli mizezebiT da umTavresad anarqiul
elementebTan brZolis saWiroebiT, vinaidan mdgomareoba dResac ara
normaluria da respublikas mravali saSiSroeba moelis, am razmis
arseboba aucileblad saWiroa. sabiujeto-safinanso komisiam ganixi­
la es dekreti da daeTanxma. ai mokled azri am dekretisa.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis sityva b-on Sengelaias
ekuTvnis.
l. Sengelaia: (s.-r.) batonebo! ukve ori weliwadia rac Sinagan-­
saministrosTan arsebobs sagangebo razmi, e. i. calke, gansakuTre­
buli organizacia „siSCikebi“-sa da provokatorebisa. mogexsenebaT,
rom am razms meTaurobs da xelmZRvanelobs b. Sinagan-saqmeTa minis­
tri. unda iTqvas, rom am razmis moRvaweoba mravalferovani da me­
tad Sinaarsiania. ar darCenila arc erTi revoliucionuri monapo­
vari, rom ar iyos misgan SemoRebuli da gaTelili: Tavisufleba
sityvisa, krebisa, am razmis mier Seuracxyofili da gauqmebulia.
magram Cven viciT, rac ufro anti-xalxuria da reaqcionuri aris
romelime organizacia, miT ufro icavs mas s.-d. da b-ni ramiSvili,
amitom CvenTvis gasagebia, rom isini aq Semodian winadadebebiT, rom
erTi wliT ganvagrZoT, gavafarTovoT am razmis moqmedeba. Tqven
iciT aq, rogorc mogaxsenaT momxsenebelma, 4-jer iqna am razmis moq­
medebis gangrZoba dadgeniliyo da dRes me-5-jer es Cven fraqcias ar
SeuZlian, imitom rom Cven demokratiam gamogvgzavna da dagvavala,
rom yovel gvarisi maxinjebs, SevebrZoloT mTelis Cvenis arsebobiT,
amitom Cveni fraqcia winaaRmdegia da moiTxovs mis dauyovnebliv
gauqmebas. Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom es razmi daarsda 1918 w. es iyo ara
Cveulebrivi xana Cveni qveynisaTvis, maSin Cveni sagareo da Sinauri
mdgomareoba awewili iyo. Cven odnav mainc jansaRi administrati­
uli aparati ar gvqonda. Semdeg Cveni SeiaraRebuli Zala, rogorc
aris jari da gvardia, mxolod isaxeboda, irazmeboda. garda amisa,
im xanaSi Cveni qveyana savse iyo iseT elementebiT, romelTac aravi­
Tari kavSiri hqondaT Cven qveyanasTan, piriqiT mTeli Tavisi Zal­
RoniT cdilobdnen daemxoT Cveni respublika da damoukidebloba. am
mosazrebiT xelmZRvanelobden, rodesac soc.-demokratebi sagangebo
razms aarsebden. magram am razmis moRvaweoba ganisazRvra 6 TviT da
exla, dRevandel pirobebSi, rodesac Cveni Sinauri da saerTaSoriso
mdgomareoba gacilebiT ukeTesi aris, saxelmwifoebrivma ideam fexi

515
moikida da SedarebiT saerTod ukeTesi mdgomareoba aris, rogorc
SigniT, ise gareT, rasac ver uaryofs TviTon momxsenebeli. aseTi
pirobebSi soc.-dem. axa­li winadadebiT, razmis moqmedebis gangrZo­
bisa, absoliuturad miuRebelia. ministrs daveTanxmeT da miviReT
misi ganmarteba, es razmi mudmiv organizaciad unda gadaiqces. e.
i. is rac iyo erTgvari gamonaklisi, erTgvari boroteba, s.-d. ara
surs, rom es boroteba dRes dakanondes. Cven amis sastiki winaaRm­
degi varT. Cven amas ver mivcemT xmas, amisaTvis araviTari mosazreba
da sabuTebi ar aris, Tu mxedvelobaSi ar miviRebT im saerTo ten­
dencias, romelsac vamCnevT mTavrobas da kerZoT ministrebs. CvenSi
ministri ar aris, romelsac Tavisi calke realuri Zala, raime razmi
ar hyavdes. boroti enebi amboben, rom Cven gvardias b. ramiSvili ar
uyvarso. (xmauroba). Tu es marTalia, maSin savsebiT gasagebi aris
ratom cdilobs b. ramiSvili gaaZlieros es razmi, radganac is aris
misi gvardia msgavsi b. juRelis gvardiisa. marTalia is wiTeli ar
aris, is aris Savi gvardia, magram wiTel ferze xeli aiRo TviT sax­
alxo gvardiam, amis garda es aris realuri Zala, romelic b. ramiS­
vils dasWirdeba partiaSi Tu mis gared brZolis dros. sxva mosaz­
rebiT SeuZlebelia, rom arsebobdes mudmivi jari, gvardia, milicia
da masTan erTad raRac gansakuTrebuli Zala, raRac gansakuTrebuli
razmi, romelic aravis ar emorCileba, romlis uflebebi gamorkveu­
li ar aris da pretenziebi aqvs, gaavrcelos Tavisi moqmedeba mTels
respublikazed.
ai, batonebo, aseTi aris mdgomareoba. Tqven iciT, rom es razmi
iyo aq, tfilisSi da mis moqmedebis farglebi ganisazRvreboda Se­
darebiT patara raioniT. exla ki ministri scdilobs gaxados es razmi
raRac eqsteritoriul razmad da mis saTareSod unda gadaaqcios
mTeli saqarTvelo. Tu es moxda, maSin is gaxdeba mTeli Cveni qvey­
nis baton-patroni da Caidens imas, rasac moisurvebs. garda amisa,
rogorc baton ramiSvilis ganmartebis baraTidan sCans, es razmi
afarToebs Tavis uflebebs. is iTvisebs sasamarTlos funqciebs. es
imdenad Seuwynarebelia, rom TviT vaWroba-mrewvelobis ministric
mimxvdara, rom es SeuZlebelia. mas araCveulebrivad miaCnia is gare­
moeba, rom Sinagan saqmeTa ministri afarToebs Tavis kompetencias da
iWreba sasamarTlos sferoSi. Tqven warmoidgineT razmi, romelic
mTels respublikaSi moqmedebs, romlis moqmedebac ar aris gansaz­
Rvruli da amave dros mas hyavs Tavisi iuriskonsulti. es aris calke
saministro Tu departamenti! rogorc mogaxseneT, mTavrobaSi iseTi
tendencia aris, rom yvela ministrs surs yavdes Tavisi sakuTari
organizacia, romelsac igi unda emyarebodes yovelTvis. aseTi aris
gegeWkori-juRelis saxalxo gvardia, baton ramiSvilis gvardia, b.
arseniZemac daarsa Tavisi razmi. ase rom yoveli ministri Tavis or­
ganizacias qmnis da me mikvirs ratom finansTa ministri ar Semodis
aseTive winadadebiT, mas xom fuli bevri aqvs da dasWirdeba es razmi!

516
 SeiZleba SevrigebodiT am araCveulebriv movlenas _ sagange­
bo razms, rom praqtikulad Tavisi moqmedebiT is xels uwyobdes
demokratiuli respublikis ganmtkicebas. magram, samwuxarod, es
ase ar aris. da rom es ase ar aris, rom sruliad angariSs ar uweven
imas, rom Cveni qveyana aris axalgazrda respublika, romlisTvisac
administraciis moqmedebas sruliad gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelo­
ba aqvs, amis ubralo faqts mogiyvanT. Tqven iciT, rom amas winad aq
iyo Semotanili SekiTxva im TviTnebobis Sesaxeb, romelsac iCenen sa­
gangebo razmis agentebi, gansakuTrebiT Cvens deda qalaq tfilisSi.
iqamdis mivida maTi Tavxedoba, rom muSaTa profesionaluri orga­
nizaciebi Tavis krebas ver gamarTaven ise, rom iq ar SeiWran es agen­
tebi. am garemoebam aaRelva profesionaluri organizaciebi, pro­
testic gaisma da swored maSin iyo Semotanili SekiTxva, romelic
SemTxveviT moixsna.
Tu es gegma ganaxorciela ministrma, Tu sagangebo razms saTare­
Sod miecema mTeli respublika, Tqven warmoidgineT ra Sedegebi
moyveba amas, ras daemsgavseba Cveni respublika. es iqneba jojoxeTi.
ar aris araviTari imedi imisa, rom moqalaqe uzrunvelyofili iqneba
sagangebo razmis agentebis Tavxedobisagan. da yvela amis Semdeg Ce­
mTvis gasagebi xdeba Tu rad scdilobs batoni gegeWkori Seqmnas rac
SeiZleba meti neitraluri zonebi: SeiZleba aq mainc iqmnas moqalaqe
Tavisufali am razmisagan?! (sicili). sxvagan ueWvelad is sistematu­
rad da sastikad datuqsavs Tavisufal azrs da SeebrZoleba revoli­
uciis yvela monapovarT. Cven viciT ara erTi magaliTi, rodesac
Tqveni agentebi daxurul partiul krebebs usircxvod eswreboden.
es aris namdvili Jandarmeria, romlis arsebobas ar moiTxovs
mSromeli xalxis interesebi! mis arsebobas moiTxovs mxolod Tqveni
partiuli interesi, mxolod Tqveni survili ibatonoT xalxze, ro­
melsac Tqveni araferi swams.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. CxikviSvils.
b. CxikviSvili. (s.-d.) marTali unda mogaxsenoT, batono Senge­
laia, da sazogadoT s.-r.-bis fraqciis warmomadgenelno, rom amg­
vari sakiTxebis Sesaxeb pirvelad mesmis iseTi msjeloba, romelic
aq movismineT. es ar iyo dasabuTebuli seriozuli msjeloba. unda
mogaxsenoT, rom am vaJbatonebs arca sCveviaT seriozuli msjeloba.
dRes, bodiSs vixdi am saxelwodebisTvis, magram me mgonia rom Sen­
gelaias undoda eoxunja. arsebiTad, rasakvirvelia, am oxunjobaSi
iumori sruliad ar yofila. me gekiTxebiT Tqven, SeiZleba seriozu­
lad cotad Tu bevrad patiosanma sazogado moRvawem, socialistu­
ri partiis wevrma, warmomadgenelma soc.-revoliuc. partiisa, did
valdebulebis pirma sTqvas, rom soc.-demokratiuli partia yofila
siSCikebis, reaqcionerebisa da provokatorebis partiao, rom sa­
gangebo razmis organizacia siSCikebisagan Sesdgeba da amis meTauria
batoni ramiSvilio? an da: razmis Sedgena misTvis unda baton ramiS­

517
vils, rom is Turme saxalxo gvardias ar uyvars da Tavisi sakuTari
razmi unda yavdeso? aris es msjeloba? es aris ugunureba da dema­
gogia. da amiTi surT avtoritetis mopoeba. b. Sengelaias araferi ar
uTqvams garda imisa, rom me (xmebi ar ismis garkveviT). me vambob rom
mas araferi uTqvams arsebiTad garda imisa, rom am Statebs mxars ar
dauWero. batonebo, Tqven iciT, rom araa erTi saxelmwifo, romelic
aseT Seqmnil mdgomareobaSi awon-dawoniT ar moqmedebdes.
erTi unda sTqvaT: an ar gindaT saerTod saxelmwifo da is forma,
romelic CvenSi aris da an Tu gindaT _ unda sTqvaT meore, rom amnai­
rad unda iyos saxelmwifos dacva da Senaxva. an ar iciT, rogor Sei­
Zleba saxelmwifos dacva da maSin ucodinarobiT aris es laparaki, an
Tu iciT da mainc ambobT _ maSin ar gindaT saxelmwifo. me sxva daskv­
na ver gamoviyvane Tqveni laparakidan. (eserebisagan replika). Cemi
gulwrfeli rwmena aris es. daijereT, gulwrfelad vlaparakob. (iv.
lorTqifaniZe: ra? rom Cveni mtrebi varT saqarTvelosi?). me mgonia,
Tu Tqven Segnebulad ambobT imas, rasac ambobT _ diax, Tqven mteri
xarT saqarTvelosi.
Tu Tqven gwamT demokratiuli respublika _ exla iseTi droa,
rom bevrs aRar swams _ Tu gwamT meTodebi da saSualebebi saxelmwi­
fos brZolisa Tavis dasacavad, borot-moqmedTa devna unda arsebob­
des. uimisod saxelmwifos arseboba ar SeiZleba. ai, Tu ginda is „ide­
aluri“ saxelmwifo, is „idealuri“ marTva-gamgeoba, romelsac Tqven
naTlad ar ambobT, magram gulSi albad yovelTvis gaqvT nagulisx­
mevi, CrdiloeTis saxelmwifo, _ es saxelmwifo umciresobiT aseTi
da amaze uaresi meTodebiT ar icavs Tavs umravlesobisagan? man um­
ravlesobas moaxvia Tavze Tavisi survilebi. CvenSi ki winaaRmdeg,
umravlesobam Seqmna saxelmwifo da zedmetia laparaki siSCikebze.
magram ras niSnavs, batonebo, es „siSCiki“? Tqven daSinebuli
xarT am sityviT. xars aSinebs wiTeli feri. Tqven gyavT siSCikebi. im
partias, romelsac Tqven ekuTvniT, yovelTvis hyavda siSCikebi. Tqven
axalgazrda xarT da ar iciT, me damijereT da gaswavliT. gyavdaT
Tqven siSCikebi Tqveni mtrebis winaaRmdeg, romelic Tqvens irgvliv
iyo da am siSCikebis saSualebiT Tqven zveravdiT mtrebis banakebs,
Tval-yurs adevnebdiT maT moRvaweobas da nabijebs.
me amiTi Tqveni partiis damcireba ki ar minda. azefebi da sxvani
yovel partiaSi SeiZleba iyos, iyo Tqvens partiaSic, Tu ki iciT
Tqven is partia, saidanac Tqven gamodiT.
da Tu ki partias SeuZlia yavdes aseTi siSCikebi _ daskvna
ubraloa _ ratom ar unda yavdes isini saxelmwifos Tavisi mdgomare­
obis sasargeblod?
igive Sengelaia Turme imiT aris kidev aRelvebuli, rom sadRac
saidumlo krebaze gansakuTrebuli razmis TanamSromeli iyo. parti­
ulze ki ara _ is ar iyo partiuli kreba, an romeli partiuli krebebia
axla saidumlod rom imarTeba, _ ara es iyo saidumlod gamarTuli

518
kreba. me mgonia im krebaze laparakobT, farmacevtTa profesion­
alurma kavSirma rom gamarTa. Turme saWiro yofila partiisaTvis,
jgufisaTvis, Tu gind profesionaluri kavSiri iyos, moexdina kreba
didi saidumloebiT. da me Tqven gekiTxebiT, im dros, roca saxelmwi­
fos winaSe axali saSiSroeba wamoiWra, SeiZleboda Tu ara romelime
moqalaqeTa jgufs, _ Tu gind es profesionaluri kavSiri yofiliyo
_ saidumlo kreba gaemarTa da saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg gegmebi dae­
muSavebia? (replika: is ar iyo saxelwifos winaaRmdeg!). Tu winaaRm­
degi ar iyo, maS saidumlod raRaT iyo gamarTuli? da Tu aseT krebas
siSCiki daeswro, rom Seetyo vin aris mteri da moyvare am seriozul
dros _ es imisi pirdapiri movaleoba iyo da es nu Tu Tqven, b-no Sen­
gelaia, danaSaulobad migaCniaT?
batono! uaryofT Tqven saxelmwifos Tu ara? Tu uaryofT sruli­
ad saxelmwifos, mis organoebs, maSin es gasagebia, magram Tu saxelm­
wifos ar uaryofT, Tu ar uaryofT mis organoebs, maSin „siSCikebs“
ver uaryofT.
rac Seexeba imas, rom ramiSvils gvardia esaWiroeba, arseniZesac
Tavisi sakuTari gvardia unda _ es mxolod cudi, ukbilo oxunjoba
aris da mas seriozulaT ar gamovudgebi. Tqven kargad iciT is gan­
wyobileba, romelic Cvens mTavrobasa da gvardias Soris arsebobs
da iarsebebs. magram Sengelaiam aq axirebuli mosazreba sTqva, ro­
melsac ganmarteba unda. raT gindaT sagangebo razmebi, roca gvard­
ia, jari da milicia gyavTo. esec unda agixsnaT? ymawvilebi xom ara
xarT, jari da gvardia ra aris nu Tu ar iciT? an unda sTqvaT, rom es
uazroba aris, an ra mosatani aris aq jari da gvardia? (Sengelaia:
milicia?) milicia asrulebs Tavis movaleobas, magram am seriozul
dros, roca mravali mtriT gars Semortymulia axalgazrda respub­
lika, aucileblad saWiroa jarTan da miliciasTan erTad amgvari
organizaciis yolac, samarcxvino misi moqmedeba Cven ar gvinaxavs.
rasakvirvelia, SeiZleba iyos defeqtebi, aris damnaSaveebi, magram
damnaSavisaTvis cixe arsebobs, defeqtebisaTvis _ gamocdilebis
saSualebiT gamosworeba. Tu Tqven erTguli xarT saxelmwifosi,
gviCveneT Tu iciT aseTi pirobebi; es iqneba deputatis namdvili
movaleoba. es iqneba respublikisaTvis saWiro samsaxuri da ara ase­
Ti oxunjoba.
sinamdvileSi ase aris: social-demokratiul partias, romel­
sac Tqvenze ukeT aqvs warmodgenili Tavisufleba pirovnebisa, ero­
bisa da maTi garantiebi, es saxelmwifosTan da mis demokratiul
marTva-gamgeobasTan mizan-SewonilaT da Seferadebulad miaCnia. es
gegma aSkara aris. Cven amas ar vmalavT. amas moiTxovs saxelwifosa
da demokratiis interesebi. Tqven rac gindaT is ilaparakeT, TanamS­
romeli razmisa, saidumlo krebaze, romelsac miznaT aqvs norCi re­
spublikis dacema, yovelTvis iqneba, mavne elementebs yovelTvis dai­
Wers, yovelTvis daatusaRebs, yovelTvis adevnebs Tval-yurs!..

519
 Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b-on Sinagan-saqmeTa ministrs.
n. ramiSvili (Sin. saq. ministri). moqalaqeno, damfuZnebeli kre­
bis wevrno! is partia, romelic CvenSi moklebulia yovelive niadags,
dRes am Tavis uniadagobas imiT aaSkaravebs, rom mudam erTsa da imave
gazepirebul sityvebs imeorebs, mudam erTsa da imave „leqcias“ gvi­
kiTxavs. me vambob mudam, magram dRes misi daqveiTeba imdenad Sors
wavida, rom igi aq gamovida rogorc Worikanobis, diax, Worikanobis
partia. da ai aq moiyvanes erTi sabuTi... (Sengelaia: mogxvdaT gul­
Si?) vis moxvdeba gulSi amas bolos gaigebT. mas, vinc avrcelebs am
Wors da ar grZnobs pasuxismgeblobas am Woris sigrZe-siganisas. Tqven
aq sTqviT, rom gansakuTrebuli razmi saWiro iyo Sinagan saqmeTa min­
istrisaTvis misTvis, rom b. ramiSvils surda Seeqmna mowinaaRmdege
Zala saxalxo gvardiisaTvis, romelic mas ar uyvars da romelsac b.
ramiSvilTan cudi ganwyobileba aqvso. (soc.-dem.: provokaciaa!) me ar
vambob provokaciaze, isini amaze ufro Sors waviden. maTi daqveiTeba
mivida iqamde, rom aSkara WoriT gamoviden. me aq erT faqts mogaxsen­
ebT. es iciT Tqven. es is faqtia, romlis mowame Tqvenc iyaviT. es aris
is, rom me imdenad kargi ganwyobileba mqonda am gvardiasTan, rom
saxalxo gvardia momxre iyo misi, rom me davrCeniliyav amave postze,
sadac me meqneboda is mWidro kontaqti masTan, romelic winad mqon­
da. (soc.-dem.: marTalia!). es icis yvelam da me vimeoreb, is Worikan­
obis partia, is daqveiTebisa da gaTaxsirebis partia, romelic dRes
aq gamovida, am dasabuTebas ver uaryofs. me vimeoreb, rom Tqven am
umaRles tribunidan warmosTqviT Wori. es faqtia.
magram exla gadavideT politikur mxareze. marTalia, politi­
kurad gauwvrTnel xalxs ver mosTxovT codnas imisas, Tu ras niS­
navs esa Tu is politikuri aqti, nabiji, romelic saWiro aris saxel­
mwifosaTvis. magram Tu Tqven amis niWi ar SegwevT, daakvirdiT erT
garemoebas. Cven saerTod iseT pirobebSi vimyofebiT, rom dro ar
aris sxva saxelmwifos mdgomareobas SevexoT, magram mainc iZulebu­
li var erTi faqti moviyvano. swored ase, rogorc Tqven, msjelobden
Tqveni amxanagebi Cven mezobel somxeTSi. iqac es sakiTxi idga, romel­
zedac Tqven laparakobT. iq ambobdnen: ra saWiroa gansakuTrebuli
organizacia _ CvenSi yvela somexi icavs damoukideblobaso. iciT
ra moxda? da swored im dros, rodesac somxeTSi gamovidnen bolSe­
vikebi da gailaSqres mTavrobis winaaRmdeg, mTavroba iZulebuli
iyo zomebi mieRo. erT depeSaSi ase iyo naTqvami: „Мы орiентируемся на
Рамишвили“-o. (l. Sengelaia: daSnakelebi!) isini somxebis daSnakele­
bi arian, Tqven ki saqarTvelosi! me vambob, rom zogierTi wevri so­
cialist-revoliucionerebis fraqciisa unda gaCumdes, amaze calke
gveqneba laparaki... (xmauroba) zogierTi Tqvengani mainc rom gaCum­
des, ukeTesia...
diax, Tqven Tu marTla gamoqmedebT ara Worikanoba, ara ubralo
Jinianoba, aramed Segneba saxelmwifoebrivi interesebisa, unda geTq­

520
vaT, rom gansakuTrebiT mas Semdeg, rac zogierT adgilas xdeba Cveni
damoukideblobis winaaRmdeg gamosvla, romelic dangrevas uqadis
Cvens saxelmwifos, saWiro iyo aseT organizaciis arseboba. magram
unda iTqvas, rom TqvenSi orjel ki ara, askec aris gadidebuli an­
ti-saxelmwifoebrivi Segneba. da Cven, SevqmeniT iseTi pirobebi, rom
aseT gamosvlebs niadagi ar miscemoda da Tu Tqven gaqvT is saSuale­
ba, rom aq sxedxarT da isvriT iseT frazebs, romlebic sinamdviles
ar Seefereba, swored im zomas miewereba, romelic miiRo mTavrobam
da kerZod Sinagan-saqmeTa ministrma. nu Tu Tqven fiqrobT, rom es
saWiro iyo wined, magram mas Semdeg rac zavi SevkariT ruseTTan,
mospobilia is elementebi, romlebic saqarTvelos damoukideblo­
bis winaaRmdeg ibrZoden? (S. mesxiSvili: swored axla aris saWiro!)
uTxariT am saqarTvelos daSnakelebs, Tu marTlac Tqven gaqvT unari
politikur mdgomareobis dafasebisa, Tqven unda SeignoT saWiroeba
am organizaciis arsebobisa. magram Tqven ggoniaT, rom vinmes moina­
direbT, Tqven monadirebul xalxs axali patroni, axali mesaidumle
gauCndeba. da me vambob, roca saxelmwifo saqmeebs vasruleb, arc six­
aruli da arc mowyeniloba ar mipyrobs. me vasruleb Cems movaleobas
ise, rogorc SemiZlian, Tumc aSkarad unda vTqva, rom es meti mZime
movaleobaa. me vambob, rom gansakuTrebiT dRes aris saWiro aseT
organizaciis gaZliereba. ai, batonebo, saprogramo werili erTi
partiisa. amas swers mixa cxakaia, romelsac gulwrfelad vTvli, is
yovelTvis ambobs imas, rasac grZnobs. amaSi eWvi ar mepareba. am wer­
ilSi aris laparaki im saorganizacio muSaobaze romelic komunis­
turma partiam unda awarmovos CvenSi.
exeba ra Tavisi partiis moRvaweobis idealur gafarToebas,
mixa cxakaia swers: „maSin merwmuneT, SesaZlebelia egebis arasodes
dagvWirdes warsuli brZolis iaraRebi da umtkivneuloT gadavalT
mSromel xalxTaTvis erTad-erT saukeTeso saxelmwifo formaze, ro­
melsac ewodeba sabWoTa Zala-ufleba“.
me ar vici ras ambobs Tqveni programa. roca dagWirdebaT ara 24
saaTSi, 2 wuTis ganmavlobaSi SeicvliT fronts, magram amas ver Caid­
ens demokratia, is ver dasTmobs Tavis pozicias... (l. Sengelaia: ukve
dasTmo!) am ori wlis ganmavlobaSi Cven movspeT saSualebani Tqveni
daTmobisac ki. SevqmeniT iseTi mtkice mdgomareoba im ganapira kuT­
xeebSi, sadac ruseTisaken icqireboden, rom es elementebi... (xmauro­
ba). es icis lorTqifaniZem (xmauria. i. lorTqifaniZe: ministrs Wori
ar ekadreba!). maS, b. lorTqifaniZe, es tyuilia, rom Tqven muSaobdiT
im damoukideblebTan, romlebic Semdeg monawileobas iRebden saqar­
Tvelos winaaRmdeg ajanyebaSi? amaze, Tqven Sesaxeb calke gveqneba
laparaki. Tu es tyuilia, gamodiT da daamtkiceT. (xma: Seni agentebi
xSirad gatyueben!). me yovelTvis ar vujeri agentebs. es faqtia, rom
Tqven dakavSirebuli iyaviT damoukideblebTan da maTTan erTad gsur­
daT SegedginaT mTavroba. (xmauroba. xmebi: sabuTi?) amis sabuTi iciT

521
Tqvenc da icis afxazeTis warmomadgenlebmac. mas Semdeg, rac moxda ga­
mosvla am damoukideblebisa Cveni respublikis winaaRmdeg, Tqven gaqvT
ufleba, rom aq gamoxvideT da ilaparakoT. (xma: soxumis demokratiam?)
amas is gamoZieba gamoaSkaravebs, romelic Tqveni am­xanagis moRvaweoba­
sac exeba. (xmebi: razmi? razmze ilaparake!). diax, is razmi, ar vambob um­
Tavresi, magram aris erTi elementTagani, romelic yvela moRalateebs
da moqanaveebs imisda mixedviT, Tu saidan moqris sio, ebrZvis da maT wi­
naaRmdeg iRebs Sesafer zomebs. da me vfiqrob, rom Tqveni gaboroteba
im garemoebas miewereba, romelzedac mogaxsenebT. aq amboben, rom razm­
Si provokatorebi iricxebiano. sabuTi? (l. Sengelaia: Tqven TviTon
ganacxadeT tribunidan!). Cven is erTxelac ar gviTqvams, rom iq pro­
vokatorebi arian, magram marTalia is, rom viciT rac keTdeba komu­
nistur partiaSi. SeiZleba marTla iyos erTi ori kaci am razmSi iseTi
pirebi arian, romlebic Rirsni arian Tvisi daniSnulebisa da movaleo­
bisa. es iciT Tqvenc da amazec zedmetia laparaki.
Tqven iciT, rom swored mas Semdeg, rac gamocxadda zavi sabWo­
Ta ruseTTan, Cven dainteresebulni varT, rom mtkiced avasruloT am
zavis pirobebi. magram ar unda gvaviwydebodes is garemoeba, rom ase­
Ti aris Cveni survili. Cven ara gvsurs ruseTis saqmeebSi CaverioT,
magram arian iseTi elementebi, romelnic cdiloben ucxo elementebi
Semoiyvanon aq da daamxon Cveni demokratiuli respublika. amisi niS­
nebi aris ukve. amas amtkicebs is ukanaskneli oficialuri gancxade­
ba, romelsac amoikiTxavdiT presaSi ramdenime dRis winad. es aSka­
ra aris. amas amtkicebs is garemoeba, rom mraval adgilas cdiloben
ara legaluris gziT, aramed Zveli nacadi gziT, iaraRiT da sxva sa­
SualebiT gamoiwvion arev-dareva da dascen Cveni respublika.
da aseT dros, rodesac gansakuTrebiT aris saWiro saqmianoba,
gveubnebian: dayareT far-xmali da iseTi mdgomareoba SeqmeniT, ro­
gorc aris azerbeijanSi da somxeTSio. da Tqven ggoniaT, rom moi­
poveba Tund erTi qarTveli mainc, me ar vlaparakob mmarTvel parti­
aze, aramed saqarTvelos yvela moqalaqeebze, _ moipoveba Tund erTi
Segnebuli moqalaqe, romelic ityvis, wavarTvaT mTavrobas iaraRi,
mouspoT saSualeba brZolisa da amnairad gauadviloT moqmedeba am
elementebso? amas ityvis an aSkara provokatori, an ugunuri. amas
ityvis is xalxi, romelic angariSs ar aZlevs imas, Tu ras ityvis.
amitom, me mgonia, Cven vivliT im gziT, romliTac mivdiodiT
dRemdis da darwmunebuli var amas moiwonebs ara marto damfuZnebe­
li kreba, aramed taSs daukravs mTeli saqarTvelos demokratia, rom
mtris iaraRs daupirdapiros sawinaaRmdego iaraRi. (taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis damfuZnebeli krebis wevrs b-n Sen­
gelaias.
l. Sengelaia. (s.-r.) batonebo! rom sagangebo razmis moRvaweoba
aris uaryofiTi, me amaSi darwmunebuli viyav, magram mas Semdeg, rac
ori oratori movismine, me amaSi ufro davrwmundi.

522
 aris ori gza, ori saSualeba daicvaT da gaamarTloT sagangebo
razmis arseboba.
Tu Tqven vaJkacebi xarT, unda sTqvaT, rom soc.-demokratiam das­
tova demokratiis gza da gawyvita kavSiri socializmTan. es iqneboda
gulaxdili aRiareba. maSin Cven gvecodineboda visTan gvaqvs saqme, ma­
Sin erTgvari azri eqneboda sagangebo razmis arsebobas.
aris meore gza. Tqven unda daamtkicoT, rom sagangebo razmi icavs
marTlac Tavisuflebas, rom uamrazmod revoliuciis monapovarT sa­
frTxe moelis.
verc erTi pasuxismgebeli revoliucioneri ver ityvis, rom am
razmis moRvaweoba iyos mimarTuli aqeTken, rom is amtkicebdes CvenSi
Tavisuflebas da revoliucias. magram Tu aq mainc gamodian, es imitom,
rom JiniT undaT gaiyvanon es dekreti, raTa am axirebulma organi­
zaciam kvlav iTareSos. me vici, rom am azrisani TqvenSiac bevrni arian
(saerTo xmauroba) da unda iyvnen kidec, Tu Tqveni partia ar dasadgo­
mia gadagvarebis gzas, mxolod amis Tqmas aq sajarod ver bedaven!
gveubnebian, Cven gacilebiT uares mdgomareobaSi vimyofebiT,
vidre aqamdiso. Tu es asea, Tqven unda gamotydeT, Tqven unda aRiar­
oT, rom ara gaqvT administratiuli aparati mowyobili da milicias
da jars ar SeuZlian daicvas saqarTvelo, rogorc gareSe ise Sinaur
mtrebisagan. aq gamosul oratorebma ver daamtkices, rom CvenSi dRes
uaresi mdgomareobaa (sams. dadiani adgilidan: maS Cven kargi mdgo­
mareoba gvaqvs?). me ar vambob, rom gulze xelebi unda davikrifoT da
ar vizrunoT, amas an rogor ityvis Cveni kargi diplomatiis patroni,
magram SedarebiT, me vambob, Cveni mdgomareoba gacilebiT ukeTesi
unda iyos im oficialur gancxadebebis mixedviT, romliTac aq gamodi­
an xolme Cveni ministrebi...
Tu winad ambobdnen, gansakuTrebuli razmi eqvsi TviT imoqmedebso,
ra moxda dRes? Tqven xom ambobdiT: yvelaferi gavakeTeTo. da Tu dRes
Cveni mdgomareoba uaresia, maSin sCans Tqven atyuebdiT demokratias,
damfuZnebel krebas da amitom pasuxi unda agoT xalxis winaSe.
sagangebo razms hqvian kontr-revoliuciis, spekuliaciis, Zar­cva-
glejis winaaRmdeg mebrZoli razmi. da marTlac, Tu ki is Cven mogva­
Sorebs kontr-revoliucias, Tu SeaCerebs spekuliacias da mospobs
Zarcva-glejas, gana iqneba iseTi kaci, romelic am razmis winaaRmdegi
gamova?! magram sityva sxvaa da saqme sxva.
rogorc Tqven brZanebT, am razmma unda ebrZolos kontr-revoli­
ucias da me minda SevekiTxo soc.-demokratias, ar gecinebaT rodesac
ambobT, rom am razmma unda ebrZolos kontr-revoliuciaso? mere vin
aris es kontr-revoliucionerebi? me vambob, dRes saqarTveloSi kon­
trrevoliucioneri Tu aris vinme, es aris Tqveni partia soc.-demokra­
tia. aiReT Tundac Tqveni agraruli reforma. didi vai vaglaxis Sem­
deg Tqven miwebis konfiskacia moaxdineT, da Semdeg es miwebi glexebze
gayideT. gana SeiZleba, rom socialisturma partiam miwebi gayidos

523
glexobaze? amaze socialistur wreebSi arc SeiZleba laparaki da
amitomac iyo, rom wereTeli ambobda evropaSi glexobas Svid-Svidi
desiatina miwa gadaveciTo, man ver sTqva, Sercxva eTqva glexebs miwa
mivyidoT, (sicili) Tqven xom burJuaziis saqmes akeTebT da rogor
SeebrZolebiT kontr-revoliucias?! CvenSi garda aTiode burJua
spekuliantisa, yvela spekuliantebi Tqveni wridan arian. Tqveni orga­
nizaciebi, TviTmmarTvelobani, erobebi, saministroebi sistematiurad
spekuliacias ewevian. aiReT Tundac samxedro-saministro, romelmac
40 maneTad Saqari iyida da Semdeg 500 maneTad gayida. Tu seriozulad
fiqrobT, rom unda SeebrZolon soc.-demokratias, romelic am spekuli­
acias meTaurobs, Tu Tqven amas CaidenT, maSin mxars dagiWerT, TqvenTan
viqnebiT da moviTxovT udidesi razmis Sedgenas. magram amas ver izamT,
radgan Tqven unda gailaSqroT Tqveni Tavis winaaRmdeg, es ki SeuZle­
belia. igive unda iTqvas carcva glejaze, Tu carcva-gleja aris sadme,
es iq, sadac Tqven xarT saqmis baton-patroni. (xmauroba). b. CxikviSvils
gaukvirda, rogor Tu saxalxo gvardiaze da jarze laparakoben, isi­
ni Sinaur saqmeebSi ar ereviano. es marTali ar aris. gvardia da jari
xSirad, sistematiurad, rodesac es social-demokratias dasWirdeba,
erevian Sinaur saqmeebSi. da am mxriv araviTar uloRikoba Cems sityva­
Si ar yofila! aq sTqves, Tqven gindaT gauadviloT gza bolSevikebso
da yovelTvis ruseTisaken giWiravT Tvalio. me mgonia, es iseT dabal
xarisxis demagogia aris, romelzedac vrclad SeCereba zedmetad mi­
maCnia. Cven ara erTxel sityviT da saqmiT dagvimtkicebia, Tu rogor
uyurebT saqarTvelos damoukideblobas da rogor vicavT mas. magram
Cven gvinda, rom damoukidebelni viyoT agreTve yovelTvis TviTnebo­
bisagan da Cven vebrZviT am razmis TviTnebobas, radgan igi amaxinjebs
am damoukideblobas, aZulebs mas mSromel xalxs! rac Seexeba ruseTTan
ltolvas, es morigi Woria. Cven Tqvenze win davaarseT calke partia,
Tqvenze win SevqmeniT sakuTari organizacia saqarTvelos damoukide­
blobis niadagze. Cven viswrafiT iqiT, sadac iqneba WeSmariti revoli­
ucionuri demokratia.
me gamigia, rom b. ramiSvili Tavis partiaSi magrad ariso, magram
mas Semdeg, rac mis damcvelebad aq gamodian mxolod bb. CxikviSvilebi
da Tevzaiebi, eWvi mepareba, rom misi pozicia partiaSi magari iyos! me
vsTqvi: boroti enebi amboben, rom gvardias b. ramiSvili ar uyvarso. b.
ramiSvilma es ver gaabaTila, Tumca am faqts Zlier daawva. b. ramiSvi­
lis gamosvlam damarwmuna savsebiT, rom is, rac me TuobiT vsTqvi, savse­
biT marTali yofila! Tu pilpili ar giWamia, piri raT gewviso _ naT­
qvamia. yovelive is, rac b. ramiSvilma aq brZana soxumis Sesaxeb, sruli
siyalbea da Wori. roca soxumis olqSi arCevnebi iwyeboda, man maSin ga­
nacxada: Tqveni amxanagebi iq gamosvlebs awyobeno! maSin es efeqtisTvis,
saarCevno fandebisaTvis iyo naTqvami, magram es nomeri maSin ar gavida.
ar vici amis Tqma exla raRaT dasWirda, roca arCevnebi ukve gaTavda
maTi damarcxebiT! Tu Tqven damarcxdiT soxumis olqSi, es imitom, rom

524
Tqveni politika iq iseTi saSineli iyo, rogorc yvelgan da saqmeebi so­
xumis olqSi swored maSin air-dairia, roca b. ramiSvili mas ewvia. rac
Seexeba egred-wodebul damoukidebelTa jgufTan kavSirs, me vacxadeb,
rom sruli siyalbe da demagogiaa is, rac b. ramiSvilma ­sTqva, araferi
amis msgavsi ar yofila. Tu b-ni ramiSvili moiyvans sabuTs, rom Cven am­
xanagebs kavSiri qondaT damoukideblebTan, me garwmunebT Cemi fraqci­
is saxeliT, rom aseT amxanags dauyovnebliv gamovricxavT partiidan.
soxumSi bevria ukmayofilo swored Tqveni politikiT. SeiZleba meqa­
nikurad moxdes ise, rom romelime sxva jgufTan erTad avswioT xeli,
mere ras niSnavs es? mxolod Tqvens siglaxes! b. ramiSvilma sTqva: 24
saaTSi fronts SeicvliTo. amazea naTqvami: Cemi Sen giTxari, guli
mogikalio! frontis SecvlaSi Tqven vin SegedrebaT? Tqven ar iyaviT,
lenins da bolSevikebs kontr-revoliucionerebs uwodebdiT da exla
ki swerT, rom TqvenTan socializmisTvis vibrZolebTo?
1918 wels, Tqvenma meTaurma Jordaniam, glexTa yrilobaze moxsen­
eba gaakeTa da sTqva, rom erovnul saxelmwifos Seqmna burJuaziuli,
reaqcionuri saqmeao da erTi wlis Semdeg ki TviTon Seudga burJua­
ziul saxelmwifos Senebas. (xmebi: ra SuaSia es?). im SuaSia, rom Tqven
araviTari loRika da principebi ara gaqvT da amis Semdeg gana gaqvT
ufleba Cven gvikiJinoT, rom Cven fronts vicvliT? (xmebi: razmis Ses­
axeb ilaparakeT!) razmis Sesaxebac mogaxsenebT. SeiZleba Cven fronti
SevicvaloT Tu ki amas demokratiis interesebi moiTxovs, magram ise
ki ar SevicvliT, rom ewinaaRmdegebodes Cvens partiebs da xalxis in­
teresebs. frontis uprincipoT Secvla Tqven gCveviaT. aq brZanebs
gansakuTrebul razmis moRvaweobis Sesaxeb, ai, me mogiyvanT faqtebs
misi moRvaweobidan. es ecodineba b. l. naTaZesac, romelic yovelT­
vis Relavs. „erToba“-Si, ama wlis 88 nomerSi, sweria „aRmaSfoTebeli
SemTxveva“ (xma: „erTobaSi“ sweria?!). diax, sul erTia, Tqvenda samarcx­
vinoT Tqven iZulebulni xarT, rom aseTi aRmaSfoTebeli faqtebi aR­
niSnoT xolme. aq sweria Semdegi ambavi: (kiTxulobs). Tqvenive amxan­
agebi amboben, rom ubralo saqmeze vlaparakobdiT, movida agenti da
dagviWirao. Tqveni azri iseTi yofila, rom azrTa gacvla-gamocvla
SeuZlebeli aris ara marto CvenTvis, Tqveni amxanagebisaTvisac. aq
xels aweren muSebi. es iseTi faqtia, romlis uaryofa ar SegiZlianT.
(v. juReli: ras amtkicebs es?) es imas amtkicebs, rom uwesoba da TviT­
neboba aris gamefebuli gansakuTrebiT sagangebo razmSi da miliciaSi,
romlis Sefebi arian ramiSvili da CxikviSvili.
aq b. ramiSvilma erTi axirebuli sabuTi wamoayena: Turme daS­
nakelebi amboben: „Мы орiентируемся на Рамишвили“, is miaCnia b. ramiSvils
sasiqadulod. movaxseneb b. ministrs, rom am mxriT daSnakelebi marto­
ni ar arian, denikinelebic ase amboben: „Мы орiентируемся на Рамишвили“.
batonebo, daSnakelebma Tqven gajobes, Tundac imiT, rom maT iseTi
teritoria miiRes, rac ar qondaT da Tqven ki dakargeT isic, rac gqon­
daT. ai, gansxvaveba Tqvensa da daSnakelebs Soris. b. ramiSvils ux­

525
aria _ bolSevikebis legalizacia moxda da isini xmebs wagar­Tmeveno.
am arCevnebSi Cven miviReT 40 aTasi xma da Tu yvela eseni bolSevikebi
arian, es TqvenTvis saxarbielo ar aris. es imas moaswavebs, rom CvenSi
bolSevikebs niadagi qoniaT. Tqven xom yovelTvis imas amtkicebdiT,
rom bolSevikebs niadagi ara aqvTo! rac Seexeba Cvens partias, mis da­
sustebas, Tamamad SemiZlia mogaxsenoT, b. ramiSvilo, rom Tqveni si­
xaruli naadrevia?
Tavmjdomare. sityvis msurveli aravinaa. gadavdivarT muxlobriv
ganxilvaze. (muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna da ga­
daeca saredaqcio komisias).
sityva ekuTvnis b-on gomarTels.

11. dekreti gareSe-saqmeTa ministris gankargulebaSi

konstantinopolSi da moskovSi myof misiebis valis
gasastumreblad 388.920 man. gadadebisa.

i. gomarTeli. (s.-d.) proeqti dekretisa warmodgenili gaxlavT

sagareo ministris mier da Seexeba 388.920 man. gadadebas im xarjebis da
valis gasastumreblad, romelic konstantinopolSi da moskovSi Cven
misiebs aqvT.
SeiZleba vinmem sTqvas, rom Statebi da xarjT-aRricxva iyo miRe­
buli da am xarjT-aRricxvis gareSe sxva da sxva kerZo vali ar unda
aeRovo. magram me unda mogaxsenoT, rom Stati da xarjT-aRricxva aris
damatebuli pirvel dekembers da es xarjebi ki gaweuli aris pirvel
dekembramde. Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom kievsa da moskovSi gvyavda Cven
misiebi da maT mier ixarjeboda fuli. aqve warmodgenili gaxlavT fi­
nansTa ministris da saxelmwifo kontrolis azri. isini gamosTqvamen
saerTo mosazrebas, rom gareSe xarjT-aRricxvisa, Statebisa, fuli ar
unda ixarjebodes sxva da sxva Tanamdebobis pirTa mier, magram isini
daaskvnian, rom pirobebi iseTi iyo, rom aucilebeli iyo es xarjebi.
safinanso komisiamac ganixila es proeqti da is adasturebs mas da Txo­
ulobs, rom es proeqti miRebul iqnas damfuZnebel krebis mier.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis vin inebebs sityvas? aravin.
maSasadame zogadi msjeloba dasrulebuli gaxlavT. gadavdivarT mux­
lobriv ganxilvaze. vin aris winaaRmdegi? aravin. miRebulia. gTxovT
waikiTxoT. muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna da sare­
daqcio komisias gadaeca.
Tavmjdomare. dekreti miRebuli gaxlavT da gadaecema saredaqcio
komisias. am rigad dRis wesrigi amowuruli gaxlavT. mxolod aris
erTi sakiTxi. baton gvazavam, damfuZnebeli krebis wevrma gancxadeba
Semoitana sazRvar-gared wasvlis gamo, eqvsi kviris Tavisuflebis Ses­
axeb. Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom reglamentis ZaliT, Tu wevri damfuZnebe­

526
li krebisa Tveze mets ganTavisuflebas Txoulobs, maSin damfuZnebeli
krebis plenumi aris saWiro. me kenWs uyri. vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom
gvazavas gancxadeba iyos dakmayofilebuli? miRebulia. exla gTxovT
moisminoT Semdegi sxdomis dRis wesrigi.
mdivani (kiTxulobs).
Tavmjdomare. sxdoma daxuruli gaxlavT.
sxdoma 2 saaT. da 20 w. ixureba.

527
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

ocdameeqvse sxdoma

(26)

1920 weli. ivnisis 22. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebel krebis Tavmjdomaris amxanagi

eqvTime TayaiSvili.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivnis amxanagi
qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
prezidiumSi aris k. jafariZe.
sxdoma iwyeba SuadRis 1 saaT.
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas gaxsnilad vacxadeb. gTxovT moisminoT
dRi­uri wesrigi.
mdivani (kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs).

dRiuri wesrigi.

1. saboloo teqsti dekretisa _ gareSe-saqmeTa ministris gankar­

gulebaSi _ konstantinopolisa da moskovis misiebis valebis gasas­
tumreblad 388.920 man. gadadebisa.
2. saboloo teqsti dekretisa _ Sinagan-saqmeTa saministrosTan
arsebuli gansakuTrebuli razmis moqmedebis gangrZobis Sesaxeb.
3. saboloo teqsti dekretisa _ miwad-moqmedebis saministros
saijaro ganyofilebis saerTo Semosavlidan 20 proc. erobaTa sa­
sargeblod gadadebis Sesaxeb.
4. saboloo teqsti dekretisa _ mobilizaciiT gawveul ja­
riskacTa da gvardielTa ojaxebis daxmarebis Sesaxeb.
5. saboloo teqsti dekretisa _ goris garnizonis sxvadasxva
adgilas dasabinaveblad gaweul xarjis dasafaravad 5.246.493 man. ga­
dadebisa.

529
 6. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ samxedro uw­
yebis Statis damatebisa da cvlilebis Sesaxeb.
7. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ samsaxuris
vadis gadidebisa saswavleblad mcire gundebSi swavla damTavrebul
jariskacTaTvis.
8. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa saxalxo gvar­
diis Statis damatebisa da cvlilebis Sesaxeb.
9. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ samoqalaqo
samarTlis warmoebis wesdebis zogierTi muxlis Secvlis Sesaxeb.
10. dekreti _ samusulmano saqarTvelos skolebis Sesanaxad
gaweul xarjebis dasafaravad 2.230.500 man. gadadebisa.
11. dekreti _ saxelmwifo dawesebulebaTa Sesanaxad 1920-1921 sa­
biujeto wlis angariSSi saTanado Tanxis gadadebisa.
12. dekreti _ WiaTuris Sav qvaze (marganeci) samunicipalo safu­
Ti gadasaxadis SemoRebisa.
Tavmjdomare. Semosuli gaxlavT winadadeba dRis wesrigi Se­
icvalos Semdegnairad: me-6 sakiTxad wavides me-10 sakiTxi, me-7
sakiTxad _ damateba da danarCeni wavides ucvlelad. vin aris wi­
naaRmdegi am winadadebisa? aravin. dRis wesrigi miRebulia. saboloo
teqstebs ganxilul dekretebisas mogaxsenebT qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli (kiTxulobs saboloo teqstebs, romlebsac
damfuZnebeli kreba ucvlelad iRebs).

1. dekreti samuslimano saqarTvelos skolebis Sesanaxad

gaweul xarjebis dasafaravad 2.230.500 m. gadadebisa.

Tavmjdomare. mogaxsenebT b. leo naTaZe.

l. naTaZe. (s.-d.) saqvelmoqmedo sazogadoebas ganzraxva hqonda
gaexsna samuslimano saqarTveloSi 7 skola. magram am 7 skolidan sxva
da sxva politikuri dabrkolebis gamo moqmedebda mxolod 2 skola s.
xucubanSi da yorolis-TavSi. am Jamad mxolod sameurneo skola aris
mowyobili. sxva skolebSi zogan SeCerebulia mecadineoba, zogan sul
ver daiwyo. gen. denikinis agentebma baTumis mxareSi iseTi pirobebi
Seqmnes, rom SeuZlebeli gaxda swavla cota mainc wesierad warmoe­
buliyo. Svidi skolis, pansionis da kancelariis Sesanaxad 1920 wlis
1 ianvramde damf. krebam gaiRo 1 mil. maneTi, romelic ukve daixar­
ja. mas Semdeg cxovreba Zlier gaZvirda, amitom zedmeti xarjebi iyo
gaweuli. is Tanxa, romelic exla saministrom gamoiTxova, ukve dax­
arjulia. saqvelmoqmedo sazogadoebam, romelmac es skolebi gaxsna,
am saqmisaTvis sesxi aiRo. am zedmeti xarjebis dasafaravad da sesxis
gadasaxdelad saministro Txoulobs kidev 2 mil. cota mets. es Tanxa,
vimeoreb, ukve daxarjulia. saxalxo ganaTlebis komisia Txoulobs,

530
rom damf. krebam es xarjebi gaiRos. es udris sul 2.230.500 maneTs.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis meore momxsenebels b-n giorgaZes
grigols.
gr. giorgaZe. (s.-d.) safinanso komisiam ganixila jami, romelic
Sin.-saqmeTa ministrma gamoiTxova. saministrom miiRo es jami, magram
survili gamosTqva, rom is saqme unda Cabardes ganaTlebis saminis­
tros, romelic ganaTlebis xelmZRvanelia respublikaSi da es iqna
cxovrebaSi gatarebuli.
Tavmjdomare. l. naTaZes ekuTvnis sityva.
l. naTaZe. Cvenma komisiamac swored ageTi azri gamosTqva. saW­
iroa swavla-ganaTlebis saqme damorCildes swavla-ganaTlebis samin­
istros, garda amisa, unda ganvacxado, rom es skolebi eqvemdebareba
Sinagan-saq. saministros, imitom, rom saqvelmoqmedo sazogadoeba,
romlis gankargulebaSi iyo es sakiTxi, eqvemdebareba Sin.-saq. samin­
istros. amitom gamovida es Seusabamoba, rom Sin.-saq. saministros
abaria skolebis saqme. rasakvirvelia swavla-ganaTlebis saqme abaria
ganaTlebis ministrs da mzrunvelobac masze masve unda ekuTvnodes.
Tavmjdomare. vinaidan es dekreti saCqaroa, amitom saboloo te­
qstebi dResve mogxsendebaT. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis
gr. giorgaZes.

2. dekreti saxelmwifo dawesebulebaTa Sesanaxad 1920-21

sabiujeto wlis angariSSi saTanado Tanxis gadadebisa.

gr. giorgaZe. (s.-d.) batonebo! mogexsenebaT, rom sabiujeto weli­

wadi ukve dabolovda maisSi. ukve daiwyo axali sabiujeto weliwadi.
saerTod Cveuleba aseTia, rodesac parlamenti, an damfuZnebeli kreba
ver aswrebs momaval wlis biujetis ganxilvas, xelmZRvanelobs war­
suli wlis biujetiT da ase awarmoebs Tavis finansiur saqmes, radga­
nac SeuZlebelia saxelmwifo darCes ise, rom finansiuri saSvaleba
arsebobisa ar qondes; rogorc mogexsenebaT, finansiurma komisiam
warsuli wlis biujeti ganixila, damf. krebas warmoudgina da damf.
kr. amis ganxilvas Seudgeba. magram dRes, rodesac kreditebi icema,
saWiroa mTavrobis gankargulebaSi iyos gansazRvruli Tanxa imisaT­
vis, rom awarmoos saxelmwifo saqme. finansTa saministro Txoulobs
sami Tvis xarjisTvis erTi meoTxeds mTeli wlis 1921 w. navaraudev
biujetisa. sami Tvis, ivnisis, ivlisis da agvistos, yovel uwyebisaT­
vis aris gamoTxovili saTanado Tanxa, Tanaxmad warmodgenili nusxisa
(kiTxulobs nusxas). da es sam TveSi Seadgens 2 miliards. safinanso
komisiam ganixila es da miiRo ra mxedvelobaSi, rom praqtika aseTi
gvqonda, sabiujeto wlis ganmavlobaSi, rodesac ar gvqonda biuje­
ti, uwyeba sami TveobiT gamoTxovda jams. miiRo mxedvelobaSi is, rom

531
finansTa saministroSi, rogorc safinanso komisias aqvs cnoba, muSao­
ba swarmoebs imis Sesaxeb, rom biujeti droze iqnas Sedgenili yve­
la uwyebisaTvis. dRevandel pirobebSi ki aucileblad saWiroa war­
modgenili nusxa miiRoT. safinanso komisiis dadgenilebiT, romelic
eTanxmeba mTavrobis dadgenilebas, es dekreti Semovida damf. kreba­
Si da saf. saministro Suamdgomlobs damf. kr. winaSe, rom es dekreti,
rom gadaidvas 3 Tvis ganmavlobaSi, ori miliardi man., miRebul iqnas.
Tavmjdomare. sityvas vin inebebs? aravin. vin aris winaaRmdegi mux­
lobriv ganxilvaze gadasvlisa? gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze.
giorgaZe (kiTxulobs muxlobrivad).
Tavmjdomare. 1-l muxlSi gaxlavT Semosuli Sesworeba soc.-dem.
fraqciis saxeliT: „garda am xarjebisa mieces Sin.-saq. saministros de­
peSaTa saagentos xarjebis dasafaravad TveSi 200.000 man., xolo sami
TvisaTvis 600.000 maneTi“. vin aris winaaRmdegi am Sesworebisa? ara­
vin. miRebulia. Semdegi muxli. (kiTxulobs). Semdegi muxli da mTeli
dekreti miRebul iqna Tanaxmad gr. giorgaZisa (s.-d.), n. imnaiSvilisa
(s.-d.), z. gurulisa (s.-d.) da m. rusias (s.-d.) moxsenebisa. damf. krebis
mier miRebul iqna meore muxlobrivi ganxilva dRiur wesrigis 6, 7, 8
da muxlebSi aRniSnul sakanonmdeblo aqtebisa.
saboloo teqstebis miRebis Semdeg sxdoma ixureba naSuadRevis 2. s.

532
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

ocdameSvide sxdoma

(27)

1920 weli. ivnisis 25. tfilisi. sasaxle.

S i n a a r s i:

1. saboloo teqstebi.
2. proeqti ratifikaciisa _ saqarTvelos da azerbaijanis res­
publikebis mTavrobaTa Soris dadebuli sazavo xelSekrulebisa.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris ufrosi am­

xanagi
al. lomTaTiZe.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivani k. jafariZe.
prezidiumSi aris qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
sxdoma iwyeba SuadRis 12 saaT. da 30 wuTze.
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas gaxsnilad vacxadeb. mdivani mogaxsenebT
komisiebSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtis nusxas da dRiur wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs):

komisiaSi gadasacemi kanon-proeqti.

1. Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris proeqti dekretisa qal. foTis

TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis 6.000.000 man. sesxis micemis Sesaxeb _ eleva­
torebis SesakeTeblad da gamosasyidad.
mdivani kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs.

533
 dRiuri wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti kanonisa _ samxedro uwyebis Statis damatebi­

sa da cvlilebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
2. saboloo teqsti kanonisa _ samsaxuris vadis gadidebisa sas­
wavlo mcire gundebSi swavla-damTavrebul jariskacTaTvis. momxsen­
ebelia i. gomarTeli.
3. saboloo teqsti kanonisa _ samoqalaqo samarTlis warmoebis
wes­debis zogirTi muxlis Secvlis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia i. gomarTeli.
4. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ saxalxo gvar­
diis Statis damatebisa da cvlilebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia z. guru­
li da gr. giorgaZe.
5. dekreti _ WiaTuris Sav qvaze (marganeci) samunicipalo safu­
To gadasaxadis SemoRebisa. momxsenebelia m. rusia da v. Tevzaia.
6. proeqti ratifikaciisa _ saqarTvelosa da azerbaijanis re­
spublikebis mTavrobaTa Soris dadebul sazavo xelSekrulebisa.
momxsenebelia ak. Cxenkeli.
7. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ sapyrobileTa
damcveli razmis Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
momxsenebelia i. fircxalaiSvili.
8. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ tfilisis sa­
samarTlo palatis Statis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia i. fir­
cxalaiSvili da gr. giorgaZe.
9. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ sapatimroTa
saqmis umaRlesi sabWos debulebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia
i. fircxalaiSvili.
10. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ q. foTis sa­
sargeblod navTsadguriT Semotanil da gatanil saqonelze safuTo
gadasaxadis SemoRebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia m. rusia da d. oniaSvili.
11. SekiTxva social-revoliucionerTa fraqciisa mTavrobisad­
mi _ borCalos mazris administraciis TviTnebobisa da ukanono moq­
medebis Sesaxeb.
Tavmjdomare. dRiur wesrigis Sesaxeb aq gaxlavT iusticiis
uwyebis Suamdgomloba, rom 7, 8 da 9 sakiTxebi, radgan saswrafoa,
gairCes pirvel rigSi, saboloo teqstebis Semdeg. vin aris amis wi­
naaRmdegi? aravin. miRebulia. Semdeg gaxlavT ori winadadeba mexuTe
sakiTxis Sesaxeb _ erTi, rom es sakiTxi sruliad moixsnas wesrigidan,
meore, rom boloSi daisvas. vin aris pirveli winadadebis momxre? ma­
Sasadame es sakiTxi daismis dRiur wesrigis boloSi. pirvel sakiTxis
Sesaxeb sityva ekuTvnis iv. gomarTels.
iv. gomarTeli. (s.-d.) (kiTxulobs saboloo teqsts samxedro uw­
yebis Statis damatebis da cvlilebis kanonisa).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vin aris winaaRmdegi? saboloo
teqsti miRebulia. gTxovT moaxsenoT Semdegi.

534
 iv. gomarTeli (kiTxulobs saboloo teqsts kanonisa _ samsaxuris
vadis gadidebisa samoswavlo mcire gundebSi swavla-damTavrebul
jariskacTaTvis).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vin aris winaaRmdegi? saboloo
teqsti miRebulia. gTxovT moaxsenoT Semdegi.
iv. gomarTeli (kiTxulobs saboloo teqsts kanonisa _ samoqalaqo
samarTlis warmoebis wesdebis zogierTi muxlis Secvlis Sesaxeb).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? vin aris winaaRmdegi? saboloo
teqsti miRebulia. Semdeg sakiTxs fircxalaiSvili mogaxsenebT.
i. fircxalaiSvili (kiTxulobs sapyrobileTa damcvel razmis
Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis kanon-proeqts. muxlobriv
ganxilvis Semdeg miRebul iqmna ucvlelad).
Tavmjdomare. Semdeg sakiTxsac fircxalaiSvili mogaxsenebT.
i. fircxalaiSvili (kiTxulobs tfilisis sasamarTlo palatis
Statis damatebis kanon-proeqts. kanon-proeqti muxlobriv ganxil­
vis Semdeg miRebul iqmna ucvlelad).
Tavmjdomare. Semdeg sakiTxs isev fircxalaiSvili mogaxsenebT.
i. fircxalaiSvili (kiTxulobs sapatimroTa saqmis umaRlesi
debulebis damtkicebis kanon-proeqts, romelic muxlobriv ganxil­
vis Semdeg miRebul iqmna ucvlelad.

1. dekreti WiaTuris Sav qvaze samunicipalo

safuTi gadasaxadis SemoRebisa.

Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis momxsenebels b. rusias.

b. rusia (momxsenebeli). marganecze arsebobs safuTo gadasaxadi
TviTmmarTvelobis sasargeblod. am dekretis ZaliT unda gaerTian­
des da unda SemoRebul iqmnas erTi samunicipalo gadasaxadi, romlis
raodenoba aris 1m. 55 k. fuTze. es gadasaxadi ganawilebulia: foTis,
WiaTuris da Sorapnis samazro erobaTa Soris. komisiam miiRo ra
mxedvelobaSi TviTmmarTvelobis mdgomareoba da mniSvneloba saxel­
mwifoebriv TvalsazrisiT, gaanawila Semdegnairad: foTs 75 k., Wia­
Turas 50 k. da Sorapnis erobas 30 kap. aseTia am dekretis Sinaarsi.
Tavmjdomare. safinanso-sabiujeto komisiisagan es dekreti
kanon-proeqtad aris warmodgenili. vin aris momxre, rom am kanon-pro­
eqtis muxlobriv ganxilvas SeudgeT? muxlobrivi ganxilva miRebu­
lia da saTanado vadis gasvlis Semdeg moxdeba.

535
 2. proeqti ratifikaciisa saqarTvelos da
aderbaijanis respublikebis mTavrobaTa Soris
dadebul sazavo xelSekrulebisa.

Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis momxsenebel akaki Cxenkels.

akaki Cxenkeli. (s.-d.) moqalaqeno! maqvs pativi sagareo komisiis
davalebiT mogaxsenoT xelSekruleba, romelic daido saqarTvelo­
sa da aderbaijans Soris 12 ivniss da romelic unda damtkicebul
iqmnas Cven mier da gacvlili tfilisSi 2 kviris ganmavlobaSi xelis
moweris Semdeg, e. i. xval 26 ivniss. Tqven mogexsenebaT, moqalaqeno,
rom omi Cvensa da aderbaijanis Soris daiwyo Cvens teritoriaze,
rac amtkicebs imas, rom daiwyo Cvenma mezobelma aderbaijanma. Tqven
mogexsenebaT isic, rom es omi gaTavda aderbaijanis teritoriaze
da es amtkicebs imas, rom gaTavda Cveni gamarjvebiT da mezobelis
damar­cxebiT. roca vambob, me Tvalwin midgas da vfiqrob, rom yov­
el TqvenTagans, Cveni saxelovani mxedroba Tvalwin udgas, Cveni ja­
riskacebi, gvardielebi, oficrebi, sazogadod sardloba, romlebmac
daicves Tavisi teritoria, Tavisi damoukidebloba da Tavisufleba.
da amitom am tribunidan unda ganvacxado, rom maT daimsaxures Tavi­
anT samSoblos winaSe, romelic aris pirmSo didi revoliuciisa, da
mis monapovarTa matarebeli. am omma ueWvelad gafanta is iluziebi,
romelic hqondaT Cvens mtrebs _ TiTqos saqarTvelos respublika,
misi demokratia, xalxi da misi samxedro Zalebi naklebis xalisiT da
energiiT daicavdnen Tavis Tavs winaaRmdeg bolSevikebis Tavdasxmi­
sa, vinem isini icavden Tavis Tavs winaaRmdeg denikinelebisa. Cvenma
xalxma icis ras icavs. is icavs arsebobas, Tavis Tavisuflebas, da­
moukideblobas, samarTlian saqmes da amitom misTvis sul erTi aris
vinc unda gailaSqros am Rirebulebis winaaRmdeg, mezobeli iqneba
is Tu ara, aris am politikur mimarTulebis, Tu im politikur mimar­
Tulebis, is mTels Tavis arsebiT Seutevs mas.
me gadavdivar pirdapir xelSekrulebaze. xelSekruleba nawil­
deba sam kategoriad. aq aris nawili teritorialuri, sazRvrebis
sakiTxi, aris nawili ekonomiuri da politikuri. rac Seexeba ter­
itorialur sakiTxs, amis Sesaxeb unda iTqvas, rom sazRvrebi gadis
Cveni da azerbaijans Soris Zveli saadministracio xaziT, an ufro
konkretulad rom vTqvaT, im xaziT, ra xaziTac gadioda sazRvarebi
tfilisisa da ganjis guberniis Sua. aq aris erTi sagulisxmiero da
mniSvnelovani Sesworeba Cvenda sasargeblod. wiTel xidis gaRma ori
cnobili mTa, tarsi da babaqiari, romelic gabatonebulia wiTel xid­
ze, Semovida Cvens teritoriaSi.
garda amisa, aris egred wodebuli neitraluri zonebi, magram es
zonebi aris marto azerbaijanis teritoriaze da aqvs mxolod droe­
biTi xasiaTi. erTi wlis vadiT azerbaijans ara aqvs ufleba iyolios
jari wiTel xidis da foilos xidis irgvliv, mdinare mtkvris gaRma.

536
aRniSnuli aris mTeli rigi punqtebisa, sadac unda gaiaron neitra­
lurma zonam da romelsac ar unda gamoscildes azerbaijanis jarebi.
aq mxolod SeiZleba iyos azerbaijanis samoqalaqo administracia.
amas garda yaraiazi, romlis Sesaxeb usafuZvloT gvedaveboda Cve­
ni mezobeli, an kidev misi moqalaqeni, faqtiurad isakuTreben mas, da
agreTve siRnaRis mazraSi eldaris veli, romelsac faqtiurad Cveni
mopirdapire flobda, xelSekrulebis ZaliT orive Cveni teritori­
is udavo nawili rCeba. sityvis gagrZeleba saWiro ar iqneba imisT­
vis rom daumato, rom amieridan mainc unda moispos is araloialuri
dava, romelic wamoyofda Tavs drogamoSvebiT azerbaijanis mTavro­
bis mxriv, dava yofil tfilisis guberniis ama Tu im kuTxis Sesaxeb, _
rasakvirvelia amas, erTxel da samudamod eReba bolo.
darCa erTi sakiTxi Riad, gadauWrelad: es aris zaqaTalis, sain­
gilos sakiTxi. Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom zaqaTalis olqi, saingilo,
Seadgenda da Seadgens saqarTvelos ganuyofel nawils, rogorc
istoriulad, ise ekonomiurad. mas arseboba ar SeuZlian saqarTve­
los gareT, swored es zaqaTali iyo sadaod darCenili. ruseTTan xe­
lSekrulebis ZaliT moskovis mTavrobam icno Cveni sruli ufleba am
olqze da igi Semodis saqarTvelos teritoriaSi, Semdeg, rogorc
mogexsenebaT, iyo dadebuli damatebiTi xelSekruleba ruseTTan da
exeboda ara zaqaTalis olqs mTlianaT, aramed zogierT adgils olq­
isas, romlis Sesaxeb SeiZleba yofiliyo dava. rogorc Cven mogvax­
senes komisiaSi Cvenma delegatebma, zaqaTalis Sesaxeb dava yofila
aseTi: azerbaijanis delegatebi amtkicebden Turme, rom ruseTTan
12 maiss dadebul damatebiT xelSekrulebis ZaliT sadavod gamxdara
TiTqos mTeli zaqaTalis olqi. 12 maisis damatebiT xelSekrulebaSi,
muxli pirveli, aris naTqvami, rom dava im adgilebze (мѣстности), ro­
melic mdebareobs saqarTvelos da azerbaijanis sazRvarze da zaqa­
Talis olqSi, gadaecema Sereul komisias, Semdgars saqarTvelos da
azerbaijanis ricxviT Tanaswor warmomadgenelTagan; am komisias
Tavmjdomareobs moskovis mTavrobis warmomadgeneli. ai, sworeT,
delegacia azerbaijanisa moiTxovda, rom Tanaxmad am damatebiT xe­
lSekrulebisa, es sakiTxi Riad dagvetovebina da gadagveca gadasaW­
relad Sereul komisiisaTvis. Cveni delegacia amaSi daeTanxma da
es sCans am xelSekrulebidan. iq aris naTqvami, rom dava exeboda or
sakiTxs: erTi aris formaluri _ ganmarteba ZiriTad da damatebi­
Ti xelSekrulebisa ruseTTan, da meore arsebiTi. me mivaqcev Tqvens
yuradRebas pirvel sakiTxs: delegatebi ver SeTanxmden xelSekrule­
baTa ganmartebis sakiTxSi, vis SeuZlian ganmartos isini? rasakvir­
velia, imaT, vinc dadva, e. i. moskovis da saqarTvelos mTavrobebs.
es winaswari sakiTxi aris CvenTvis uaRresi sakiTxi, Cven vfiqrobT,
rom moskovis mTavroba ar gadauxvevs mis mier 7 maiss dadebul xe­
lSekrulebas, romlis me-4-e muxli zaqaTalis olqs kategoriulad
miakuTvnebs saqarTvelos. rac Seexeba damatebiT xelSekrulebas, es

537
Seexeba mxolod zogierT adgilebs, punqtebs saqarTvelos da azer­
baijanis sazRvrebze.
dasasrul unda mogaxsenoT, rom azerbaijanidan rusis bolSe­
vikebma zaqaTalaSi Seiyvanes jaris nawilebi, raic aRkrZaluli iyo
11 ivnisis dadebul xelSekrulebiT. Cven mxolod dagvrCenia mtkice
imedi gamovTqvaT, rom Cveni mTavroba rac SeiZleba Cqara bolos
mouRebs am uwesobas.
rac Seexeba xelSekrulebis ekonomiur pirobebs, unda mogaxse­
noT, rom es pirobebi unda daiweros axlo momavalSi, da maT safuZ­
vlad unda daedos erTmaneTis uaRresad xelis Sewyobis principi.
Cven gvqonda azerbaijanidan satranzito xelSekruleba, romelic
ZalaSi ar rCeba da amitom mis magier unda daidvas axali. manamdisin
ki wesdeba Tavisufali tranziti. Tavisufal tranzits gulisxmobda
gauqmebuli xelSekrulebac. garda amisa, CvenTvis hqonda didi mniSvn­
eloba im sakiTxs, Tu ra bedi eweoda Cvens qonebas azerbaijanSi. Tqven
mogexsenebaT, rom Cven saxelmwifos didi Rirebulebis qoneba darCa
iq, da Cveni delegaciac mis dabrunebas moiTxovda.
xelSekrulebaSi aris muxli, sadac naTqvamia, rom rogorc azer­
baijani, ise saqarTvelo valdebulia daubrunos meores is qoneba,
romelic ekuTvnoda saxelmwifos, sazogado dawesebulebas, TviTm­
marTvelobebs, kooperativebs.
Cven gvainteresebda agreTve sakiTxi Cveni moqalaqeTa piradi
svebedi da maTi qonebisa. xelSekrulebis ZaliT es qonebac anazRaure­
buli unda iqnas da Cvens moqalaqeT eZlevaT ufleba samSobloSi dab­
runebisa.
politikuri mxare am xelSekrulebisa mdgomareobs imaSi, rom
Cven vcnobT urTierT damoukideblobas, suverenobas, rasac CvenTvis
aqvs ueWvelad mniSvneloba.
ra Tqma unda, Tqven dagebadebaT kiTxva, visTan gvaqvs saqme, vis
SeukariT es piroba? gvaqvs saqme damoukidebel saxelmwifosTan? ro­
gorc xelSekrulebidan sCans, Cveni mopirdapire Tavis Tavs damou­
kidebel saxelmwifos eZaxis da hkravs zavs, rogorc aseTi. Cven Cvenis
mxriv SegviZlian ganvacxadoT mxolod is, rom azerbaijanis xalxis
damoukideblobas, mis Tavisuflebas, suverenobas, saqarTvelo ro­
gorc winad, ise momavalSi didi simpatiiT ucqeris. da rodesac Cven
Soris damyardeba mSvidobianoba, saqarTvelo, rogorc winad, ise mo­
mavalSic daumtkicebs mas, rom is marTlac mxars dauWers mis damou­
kideblobas da Tavisuflebas.
am xelSekrulebaSi naTqvamia, rom Cven erTi-meoris saqmeebSi ar
unda vereodeT. ramdenadac Cven Caketilni ar varT am darbazSi da
vRebulobT cnobebs, azerbaijanSi marTlac ar unda iyos am mxriv yve­
laferi rigze. rac Seexeba saqarTvelos, dRidan misi damoukideblo­
bis gamocxadebisa, misi politikis RerZi sxvis saqmeebSi Caurevloba
iyo da arc sxvas aZlevda is uflebas mis saqmeebSi garevisa. am poli­

538
tikas Cven vawarmoebdiT da vawarmoebT, amis Tavdebi aris Cveni xalxi,
Cveni demokratia, romlis winaSe pasuxismgebelni varT.
ai, saerTod Sinaarsi xelSekrulebisa, romlis miRebas da dam­
tkicebas gTxovT sagareo komisiis saxeliT.
rasakvirvelia, ar SeiZleba iTqvas, rom es xelSekruleba mTlad
damakmayofilebelia, gansakuTrebiT imiT, rac me zaqaTalis olqis
Sesaxeb mogaxseneT, romlis sazRvrebis sakiTxi RiaT rCeba. magram
nu viviwyebT imas, rom Cven, rogorc demokratiuli saxelmwifo, ve­
ridebiT sisxlis daqcevas iq, sadac cotaodeni imedi mainc aris, rom
usisxlod mogvardeba saqme, da Cven ki imedi gvaqvs, rom usisxlod
mogvardeba swored zaqaTalis sakiTxi Cvenda sasargeblod. amisaTvis
saWiroa mTavrobis energiuli nabijebi. me amave dros unda ganvacxa­
do, rom keTilmezobluri ganwyobileba CvenTvis did Rirebulebas
warmoadgens. Cven viciT, Tu ra gavlena aqvs erTi respublikis svebeds
meore respublikaze amier-kavkasiaSi, mTlad kavkasiaSi.
Cven angariSs uwevT, rogorc awmyos, ise axlo momavals, gvaqvs
perspeqtivebi da amitom mowadinebuli varT mSvidobianobis gziT
davicvaT Cveni xalxis saarsebo interesebi, Tumca aqve unda ganvacxa­
do isic, rom Cven ar gaurbivarT iaraRiT xelSi Tavdacvas, roca amas
aucilebloba moiTxovs. imedi gvaqvs, rom Cvens nabijs, moqmedebas Cve­
ni mezobeli daafasebs, daafasebs im garemoebas, rom Cven bolomdis
ar visargebleT am omis SedegebiT, ar visargebleT mezoblis, Sei­
Zleba iTqvas, kritikuli mdgomareobiT; Cven gavixseneT xvalindeli
dRec, is rom Cven mezoblebi varT da gvinda Tu ar gvinda erTi meoris
gverdiT unda vicxovroT. Cven imedi gvaqvs, rom azerbaijanis xalxi
adre Tu gvian amaRldeba Cveni xalxis am Segnebis donemde. (taSi).
a. asaTiani. (er.-dem.) batonebo! 12 ivnisis xelSekrulebiT srul­
deba is omi, romelic Cven Tavs mogvaxvia mezobelma azerbaijanis re­
spublikam. am sami wlis ganmavlobaSi Cven mravali omi gadavitaneT,
magram Zvirad Tu iyo iseTi omi, romelsac aseTi erTsulovnoba ga­
moewvios Cvens xalxSi. es SemTxveviTi movlena ar aris. am oms didi
arsebiTi mizani hqonda Cveni erisaTvis da amiT aixsneba is, rom mTeli
xalxi fexze dadga, rogorc ki Cvenma mezobelma saxelmwifom daarR­
via mezobluri ganwyobileba da Cveni teritoriis sazRvrebSi Semoi­
Wra. Tqven gaxsovT is sxdoma, romelic damfuZnebelma krebam gamarTa
am omis dawyebisas. mTavrobis Tavmjdomaris sityva savsebiT gamoxat­
avda im erTsulovan aRfrTovanebas, romelic Seiqmna qarTvel xalx­
Si. yvela grZnobda, rom es omi ar iyo is Cveulebrivi Setakebebi,
romlebic mravlad gadagvixdia am sami wlis ganmavlobaSi. mezobel
respublikis sazRvrebSi SemoWrili iyo ruseTis wiTeli armia da
faqtiurad swored am rusis jarTan unda gvqonoda Cven omi. damou­
kideblobis dasacavad mTeli eri fexze dadga da dRes bedniereba
gvaqvs Cven ganvacxadoT, rom Cvenma xalxma savsebiT daicva Tavisi da­
moukidebloba, Tavisi Tavisufleba. araCveulebrivi erovnuli erT­

539
sulovneba gamowveuli iyo imiT, rom qarTveli xalxi instiqtiurad
grZnobda, rom mas aRmosavleTis sazRvari Ria aqvs, rom aseT mdgo­
mareobaSi sruliad ar aris uzrunvelyofili misi saxelmwifoebrivi
arseboba, rom yovel momentSi mosalodnelia ucxo Zalis SemoWra
Cvens respublikaSi da rom eris realuri interesi moiTxovs, rom es
sazRvari aRmosavleTis mxriv aRdgenili iyos. am erovnuli instinq­
tiT aRWurvili eri erTsulovnad Semokriba Tavis mTavrobis garSe­
mo, saucxood Catarda mobilizacia. erma gaiRo yovelive, rac ki saW­
iro iyo am omisaTvis da Cvenma saxelovanma jarma da gvardiam Cvens
winaaRmdeg gamolaSqrebuli Zalebi sastikad daamarcxa.
am gamarjvebis Sedegi aris is xelSekruleba, romelic dRes mTav­
robam warmoudgina damfuZnebel krebas dasadastureblad. am xe­
lSekrulebam unda uzrunvelyos zavi Cvensa da azerbaijans Soris. am
xelSekrulebiT unda mixweul iqnes is gardauvali interesi, romelic
asuldgmulebda Cvens ers am omSi. da Tu erTsulovani iyo qarTveli
eri am omis warmoebaSi _ ar iqneba is erTsulovani am xelSekrulebis
dafasebaSi. kidev ganmeorda Zveli ambebi _ rodesac qarTvel laSqars
saucxovod Seusrulebia Tavisi davaleba, mteri gaunadgurebia, ma­
gram diplomatiur Secdomebs sruliad gaubaTilebia misi gamar­
jveba. ase iyo TiTqmis yvela Cvens omebSi. aseve iyo somxeTTan omis
drosac, rodesac saqarTvelos mxedrobam mteri sastikad daamarcxa,
xolo Cvenma diplomatiam iseTi zavi Sehkra, rom Cveni saxelmwifoe­
brivi mdgomareoba aramc Tu ar umjobesdeboda, aramed gacilebiT
uaresi xdeboda. TiTqmis amave suraTs vxedavT Cven azerbaijanis omis
dros. es omi Cven ZaliT mogvaxvies Tavs, magram ra daiwyo is, mas Ta­
visi bunebrivi mizani gauCnda. aRmosavleTis karebi Ria gvqonda da
amitom Cven mtkice sazRvari unda dagvedva aRmosavleTiT. magram am
oms kidev sxva mizanic hqonda. Tqven gaxsovT valiko juRelis sityva
am omis Sesaxeb, man sTqva, rom am omiT Cven udides politikur miznebs
vaRwevTo. saWiroa, rom evropam sabolood gamoarkvios Cveni saxe,
darwmundes imaSi, rom Cven savsebiT CamovSordiT ruseTs, rom yovel­
gvari kavSiri gavwyviteT mis politikasTan, rom Cven araviTari na­
Tesaoba, arc ideiuri, arc fizikuri ara gvaqvs am saxelmwifosTano.
am ommao _ ganacxada juRelma _ unda daumtkicos evropas, rom Cven
masTan varT da misi SemweobiT gvinda davicvaT Cveni arseboba. ai es
meore politikuri mxare am omisa, romelic ara nakleb sayuradRebo
iyo Cveni erovnuli interesebisaTvis.
omi daiwyo Cveni survilis winaaRmdeg da dasrulda Cveni gamar­
jvebiT. 12 ivniss zavic Seikra. mwuxarebiT unda aRvniSno, rom im xe­
lSekrulebiT, romelic 12 ivniss daiwera, Cven ver mivaRwieT verc
erT im mizans, romelic am omma dagvisaxa. zedmetia imaze laparaki,
rom Cven savsebiT aRgvedgina is istoriuli sazRvrebi, romelic saW­
iro aris saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi arsebobis uzrunvelsayo­
fad. es sazRvrebi SemTxveviT ar Seqmnila. is Sedegia mraval sauku­

540
neTa istoriisa. da sanam Cven mtkiced ar davebjinebiT am sazRvrebs,
manam Cveni arseboba mudmiv xifaTisagan uzrunvelyofili ar iqneba.
udavo aris, Cemi azriT, is, rom Tu saqarTvelos sazRvrebi darCa im
mdgomareobaSi, rogoric aris dRes, Tu aseT gaSlil mindorze iqna
es sazRvari, Tu Cven davrCiT imave administratiul sazRvrebSi, ro­
melic Seqmnili iyo mxolod xelovnurad _ Cven gagviWirdeba Cveni
sazRvrebis dacva da Cveni saxelmwifo da misi deda-qalaqi mudmiv xi­
faTSi iqneba. istoriam mravali sabuTi mogvca imis, rom Tu odesme
Cven dagvikargavs is sazRvrebi, romelic istoriulma ganviTarebam
Seqmna, Tu odesme dagvikargavs yazaxi da hereTi, _ Cven ver Segvinar­
Cunebia tfilisi da ver dagvicavs Cveni damoukidebloba. me mgonia
aseT istoriul faqts ar SeiZleba angariSi ar gauwios erma da misma
mTavrobam. da rodesac aris saSualeba aseTi sazRvrebis, Tu savsebiT
ara _ nawilobriv mainc, gamosworebisa _ yovlad Seuwynarebelia,
rom raime mosazrebiT, gansakuTrebiT SeuZlebeli aris iseTi guma­
niuri mosazrebiT, romliTac Cven xSirad vxelmZRvanelobT, _ uary­
ofil iqmnas aseTi gegma. xelSekrulebiT gansazRvruli sazRvrebi
sruliad xelovnuri aris. ori patara mTis aRmosavleTis kalTebi _
ai TiTqmis mTeli is monapovari, romelic mogvca teritorialurad
am omma. danarCenSi daculi aris savsebiT sruliad miuRebeli, ara
saxelmwifoebrivi da xelovnuri administratiuli mijna.
rasakvirvelia ar aris saxelmwifoebrivi sazRvari. igi xelovnu­
raT iqna Seqmnili maSin, rodesac azerbaijani, Cven da mTeli kavkasia
erT saxelmwifoSi Sediodnen. mas araviTari arc geografiuli, arc
strategiuli da arc ekonomiuri gamarTleba ara aqvs. da TavisTavad
cxadia, es sazRvrebi ar darCeba ucvlelad: an Cven unda gaviwioT da
kidev am sazRvrebs iqiT da davamyaroT Cveni sazRvrebi, iq sadac mt­
kvris xeoba viwrovdeba mdinare alsanis da yazaxis mTebiT da mdin­
are alaznis xeobiT, an Cven unda davkargoT is sazRvrebic, romelic
dRes Cven gvaqvs da daviwioT dasavleT tfilisisaken. magram am xe­
lSekrulebaSi, rogorc yvela xelSekrulebaSi, garda teritorial­
uri interesisa Caqsovili aris kidev sxva interesebic: am omma didi
msxverpli moiTxova, didi zarali miayena qarTvel ers, Znelia misi
raodenobis gansazRvra; is miliardebiT ganisazRvreba, erT naxevar
miliards yovel SemTxvevaSi aRemateba, Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi im
qonebas, romelic Cven am oms movaxmareT da agreTve im zarals, rome­
lic naxa qarTvelma erma amdeni mSromeli xalxis gacdeniT. da ra mi­
viReT Cven? anazRaurebuli aris es omiT gamowveuli zarali Tu ara?
rasakvirvelia, SeiZleba Zneli iyo, rom Cven savsebiT agvenazRaurebia
es zarali, magram nawilobrivadac ki, sul mcire samagierosac ar vRe­
bulobT da es omi, romelic gamowveul iqmna mezoblis mier, romel­
Siac Cven araviTari brali ar migviZRvis, romelic ZaliT mogvaxvies
Tavs _ omi sruliad Cveni gamarjvebiT gaTavda da Cven ver SevsZeliT
rom es zarali nawilobriv mainc agvenazRaurebia.

541
 omiT gamowveulma zaralmac Tqveni Wiri waiRos. sazavo xel­Sek­
ruleba momavlisTvisac ver gvicavs ekonomiuri dazianebisagan azer­
baijanis mxriv. bevrs Cvens moqalaqes azerbaijanSi uZrav-­moZravi
qoneba aqvs. es Cveni nacionaluri simdidre dids xifaTs ganicdis im
socialistur politikis gamo, romelic azerbaijanSi myardeba. azer­
baijanma uaryo is safuZveli, romelzedac damyarebulia Cveni saxel­
mwifoebrivi arseboba. is sruliad auqmebs kerZo sakuTrebas da amiT
azianebs im Cven moqalaqeTa interesebs, romelTac raime simdidre aqvs
azerbaijanSi. xelSekrulebiT Cven ar varT uzrunvelyofilni, rom
am xarjs agvinazRaurebs, marTalia am SemTxvevaSi azerbaijani Cven
gvayenebs iseT pirobebSi, im mdgomareobaSi, rogorc sxva saxelmwifos
qveSevrdomebs, magram es sanugeSo ar aris CvenTvis. Cven unda veZioT
iseve azerbaijanis zarali, romelsac miayenebs Cvens qveSevrdomebs iq
gamefebuli politika, rogorc amas moaxdenda qveSevrdomi sxva saxel­
mwifosi. me vfiqrob, rom araviTari garantia ar aris imisaTvis, rom
Cveni qveSevrdomebi iq did zarals ar naxaven, maSasadame ekonomiurad
Cveni interesebi ar aris uzrunvelyofili am xelSekrulebiT. iq Sei­
Zleba gamoacxadon socializacia yovel simdidrisa da azaralon Cveni
qveSevrdomebi da Cven maTi dacvis saSualeba gvaqvs. am xelSekrulebis
nakli kidev amiT ar ganisazRvreba, TanaxmaT me-6 muxlisa _ zaqaTalis
sakiTxi gadauWreli rCeba. me vfiqrob, rom aramc Tu gadauWreli rCe­
ba, aramed gacilebiT ufro cud mdgomareobaSia, vidre omamdis iyo.
es teritoria Cveni saxelmwifos udavo nawili azerbaijans ukavia, ma­
gram qarTveli eri darwmunebulia, rom am teritorias male daubrun­
debiT ama Tu im gziT. am JamaT, am xelSekrulebis TanaxmaT TiTqmis ga­
monaxuli aris gza zaqaTalis dasabruneblad, magram es gza aramc Tu
saxifaToa, aramed aris pirdapir uimedo CvenTvis. TanaxmaT me-6 mux­
lisa zaqaTalis sakiTxi unda gadaiWras arbitraJis wesiT, arbitri
am sadavo sakiTxis iqneba ruseTi. me mgonia aq SeiZleba uaresi form­
is gamoZebna sadavo sakiTxis gadaWraSi, vidre es aris. didi optimis­
ti unda viyoT, Tu vifiqrebT, rom es arbitri am sakiTxs gadasWris
Cvens sasargebloT, azerbaijani faqtiurad igive ruseTia. es TiTqmis
saxelmwifo erTeulia da es sadavo sakiTxi man unda gadasWras. Cveni
mopirdapire mxare gavxadeT arbitri sadavo sakiTxis gadasaWrelad,
Tavis Tavad cxadia, Tu Cven sxva gza ar gamovnaxeT, Tu Cven ver gam­
ovZebneT raime saSualeba, rom es muxli Secvlili iqnas, cxadia rom
zaqaTalis sakiTxi Cven sazaralod gadawydeba.
kidev ufro Seuwynarebelia is sakiTxi formalurad, rasac am
SemTxvevaSi mcire mniSvneloba ara aqvs. es xelSekruleba gamomdinare­
obs ruseTTan dadebul xelSekrulebidan. me vfiqrob, rom es sruli­
ad Seuwynarebeli movlena aris. ruseTTan dadebuli xelSekruleba
aras gziT, ra mxriTac unda aiRoT, aras gziT ar aris saerTaSoriso
xasiaTis xelSekruleba. es aris partiuli xelSekruleba, partiuli
piroba da Cven mas ar vicnobT. SeuZlebelia, rom raime iuridiuli

542
saerTaSoriso aqtebi gamomdinareobdes am dokumentebidan. arsebiT­
ad ruseTTan dadebulma egred-wodebulma xelSekrulebam erTsulo­
vani uaryofiTi damokidebuleba gamoiwvia qarTvel sazogadoebaSi
da gansakuTrebiT am zaqaTalis sakiTxis gamo. cxadia, rom azerbai­
janTan sadao sakiTxebi, _ Tu ki es xelSekruleba iqna cnobili mis
safuZvlaT, gadawydeba swored ise, rogorc es azerbaijans surs da
gacilebiT ufro glaxa mdgomareobaSi CavardebiT, vidre azerbai­
janTan omis winaT viyaviT, radganac faqtiurad azerbaijans ukavia
zaqaTalis mxare da amasTanave misi uflebrivi dasakuTrebisaTvisac
swored saimedo pirobebi SevqmeniT. am rigad batonebo, didma gamar­
jvebam, romelic naxa qarTvelma erma, am omSi ar mogvca ase Tu ise da­
makmayofilebeli xelSekruleba, aramed rCeba TiTqmis savsebiT Zveli
mdgomareoba, mcired zogan uaryofiTi xasiaTis cvlileba. Cvensa da
azerbaijans Soris ar aris gaSlili sazRvrebi. is rac aris moyvani­
li aq, sazRvrebaT ar CaiTvleba da sabolood isic ar aris garkveu­
li neitralur zonaT da sabolood ar aris gadaWrili am zonis bedi.
da maSasadame, arsebiTad dava am sazRvrebis Sesaxeb isev ucvlelad
rCeba. am gvarad omi Seswyda, sazao xelSekruleba TiTqos daiwera,
magram faqtiurad zavi ar gvaqvs Cven: am sazao molaparakebis dros
isic ki ver movaxerxeT, rom xelSekrulebis saxiT Segvecvala is mdgo­
mareoba, romelic Seiqmna azerbaijanSi sabWoTa mTavrobis gamocxa­
debis Semdgom im nawilSi, romelic Cvens arsebobas emuqreba. azerbai­
jani avsilia ruseTis jarebiT. ai sworeT am jarTan gvqonda Cven omi.
maTi ricxvi sruliad ara Cveulebrivia patara saxelmwifosaTvis. es
ricxvi sruliad ar aris saWiro maTTvis, rom uzrunvelyofili iqnas
azerbaijanSi sabWoTa mTavrobis arseboba da Tavis Tavad, cxadia,
rom rodesac aseTi didi Zalebi ikrifeba mezobel saxelmwofoSi, aqvs
uTuod agresiuli xasiaTi da mimarTuli aris mezoblis winaaRmdeg.
amitom CvenTvis aucilebel pirobaT unda yofiliyo dasmuli moTxov­
nileba, rom azerbaijanSi mraval ricxovani ucxo laSqari ar darCe­
niliyo. amas garda saWiro aris nabijebis gadadgma amisaTvis, rom am
xelSekrulebidan ama Tu im saxiT gaqarwylebul iqnas is muxlebi, ro­
melic aSkaraT azianebs Cven damoukidebel saxelmwifos ucxoTa Tval­
Si. moskovis mTavroba politikas savsebiT gadatrialebas upirebs.
is lamobs mogvwyvitos evropasTan da dagvabrunos ruseTisaken. 12
ivnisis xelSekruleba kidev agrZelebs am xazs. amitom, batonebo, es
xelSekrulebebi, erTi ufro metad, da meore ufro naklebad qarTvel
sazogadoebaSi TanagrZnobas ver moipovebs. igi didi sixaruliT Sexv­
da omis dasasruls, magram roca igi iRebs did zarals, Rvris sisxls,
xalxi unda xedavdes realur sargeblobas am gamarjvebidan. momaval­
Si mainc unda iyos qarTveli xalxi uzrunvelyofili aseT movlenebi­
sagan. agreTve is mezoblebic, romlebic maxvils iReben Cven winaaRm­
deg, unda xedavden, rom ukve maT bedi ar gauRimebs da damarcxdebiT,
an, amis Sedegebi mZime tvirTad daawveba maT.

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 ara imperialistur miznebiT, aramed eris realur interesebiT
aris gamowveuli Cveni xalxis survili, rom omis damnaSaveni sasti­
kad iqmnen dasjilni da erma daibrunos is zarali, romelic man am
omis dros naxa. es samwuxarod daviwyebul iyo somxebTan omis drosac
da aseve moxda azerbaijanTan zavis Sekvrisas. aq bevri ram SeiZleba
iTqvas gasamarTlebeli. sxva pirobebs ver mivaRebinebdiT mowinaaRm­
degeebs, rom Tu amas ar davTanxmdebodiT, gveloda xangrZlivi da
friad saxifaTo omi, magram vfiqrobT, rom mdgomareobis arsebiTad
dafaseba ar badebs aseT eWvebs da Cveni rwmeniT, im pirobebSi, romel­
Siac viyaviT, saSualeba gvqonda, rom ufro sapatio xelSekruleba
dagvedo azerbaijanTan. yovelive amis gamo, Cemis azriT, damfuZnebe­
li kreba gamosTqvams kmayofilebas imis gamo, rom Cvenma saxelovanma
laSqarma brwyinvaleT daasrula is omi, romelic Cvenma mezobelma
muxanaTurad agvitexa da agreTve gamosTqvams ukmayofilebas, rom
omSi gamarjvebuli saqarTvelos teritorialuri, ekonomiuri da
politikuri interesebi 12 ivnisis xelSekrulebiT sruliad ar aris
uzrunvelyofili.
Tavmjdomare. Tanaxmad reglamentisa, radgan exla ori saaTia,
unda gadavideT SekiTxvaze, magram winadadeba aris, rom ganvagrZoT
msjeloba ratifikaciis Sesaxeb. winaaRmdegi aravin aris? miRebulia.
sityva ekuTvnis samson fircxalavas.
samson fircxalava. moqalaqeno, damfuZnebeli krebis wevrno! Cvens
winaSe warmodgenili xelSekruleba saqarTvelos da azerbaijanis
respublikebs Soris dadebuli, ueWvelia, friad mniSvnelovani aqtia
Cvens saxelmwifoebriv cxovrebaSi. misi mniSvneloba ar amoiwureba
marto formaluris SinaarsiT, rom sisxlis Rvra SeaCera da mSvido­
bianoba Camoagdo. arc amiT ganisazRvreba kidev, rom asea Tu ise erT­
nairs gamoxatulebas aZlevs Cvensa da azerbaijanis urTierTobas, igi
aucilebel gavlenas axdens Cveni respublikis saerTo politikaze da
Cveni valia, fxizlad CaukvirdeT mis azrs, yoveli wvrilmani gaviT­
valiswinoT, mosalodneli Sedegebi kargad avswonoT da gavzomoT,
da ise SeufardoT Cveni moqmedeba am xelSekrulebas, rom odnavad ar
Seiryes safuZvelebi Cveni damoukideblobisa da rac SeiZleba ukeTe­
sad visargebloT yoveli misi debulebiT Cveni mdgomareobis gasaum­
jobeseblad.
yovlis uwinares unda mivaqcioT damfuZnebeli krebis yuradReba
im garemoebas, rom warmodgenili xelSekruleba ver swyvets im sad­
ao sateritorio sakiTxs, romelic Cvensa da azerbaijans Soris ar­
sebobs. marTalia zogierTi sazRvari sasurvelad aris Seswavlili
da am mxriv uTuod warmatebaa mopovebuli, magram _ rac umTavresia
_ saqarTvelos bunebrivi nawilis saingilos saqme sadaoT rCeba da
dausruleblad.
azerbaijanis omma Cvens saxelmwifos auracxeli xarji da zarali
moayena. didZali saxelmwifo qoneba dagvrCa azerbaijanSi da udide­

544
si nawili veRar dagvibrundeba. marTalia miviRebT sasyidels, magram
kargad mogexsenebaT, rom dRes fuliT anazRaureba zogi qonebisa
yovlad mouxerxebelia, radgan am qonebas sasyidlad versad iSovniT.
es miT ufro samZimoa, rom omis sawarmoeblad, Tavdacvis mosawyobad
mravali milioni fuli dagvexarja, raic Cvens isedac gaWirvebuls
ekonomiurs mdgomareobas kidev ufro arTulebs. Cvens xalxs mZime
uRlad daawva kiserze milion naxevris Tu metis sruliad umizezo
da usargeblo xarji.
amisaTvis SeiZleba amdeni yuradReba ar migveqcia, rom xe­
lSekrulebas marTla zavi, mkvidri da mtkice mSvidobianoba moeta­
na CvenTvis. magram samwuxarod es araa. is neitraluri zonebi, rom­
lebic moxsenebulia xelSekrulebaSi, naTlad mowmoben imas, rom Cveni
zavi cudi zavia da xelSekruleba ver amyarebs im garkveul keTilme­
zoblur urTierTobas saqarTvelosa da azerbaijans Soris, romelic
ase saWiroa da Zvirfasi orive respublikisaTvis.
Cven yovelTvis imas vambobdiT, rom amier-kavkasiaSi TiToeuli
respublikis keTildReoba gadajaWvulia mezobel respublikaTa
keTildReobaze da Tu romelisame maTganis damoukideblobas sa­
frTxe moelis, es damRupvelia yvelasaTvis. aqstafaSi dadebuli xe­
lSekrulebiT Cven ar vcdilvarT, gagvewminda azerbaijani im poli­
tikur-erovnul gaurkvevlobisagan, romelSiac dRes imyofeba Cveni
mezobeli. ar viciT, azerbaijanis respublika dRes damoukidebeli
saxelmwifoa, Tu Semadgeneli nawilia sabWoTa ruseTisa.
vin laparakobs azerbaijanis saxeliT, azerbaijanis xalxi, Tu
ruseTis rwmunebulebi?
saerTod, rogorc moskovis xelSekrulebas, ise aqstafis xe­
lSekrulebas ruseTis orientaciisaken mivyevarT, ruseTis gavlenis
fargalSi gvamwyvdevs, ruseTis da saqarTvelos politikurs daax­
lovebas uwyobs xels. da kargad unda gvaxsovdes, rom arc erTi saxel­
mwifos politikuri gavlena araa Cveni erovnebisaTvis, Cveni saxelm­
wifoebrivobisaTvis ise saxifaTo da damRupveli, rogorc ruseTis
gavlena. Cvens axlad fexadgmul Tavisuflebas, Cveni Semoqmedebis
daubrkolebliv ganviTarebas, Cvens kulturul-ekonomiurs warmate­
bas aucileblad esaWiroeba, rom rac SeiZleba srulebiT avicdinoT,
rac SeiZleba naklebi iyos CvenSi ruseTis politikuri gavlena. Tu es
gavlena gaZlierda, carieli sityva darCeba Cveni Tavisufleba, unay­
ofo iqneba Cveni suverenoba.
dasasrul unda aRvniSnoT kidev didi nakli warmodgenili xe­
lSekrulebisa: aqstafis xelSekrulebis meeqvse muxli zaqaTalis
sakiTxisaTvis emyareba moskovis xelSekrulebas, romelic jer ar
ganuxilavs, ar daudasturebia qarTveli xalxis uzenaess dawese­
bulebas, damfuZnebel krebas, es ueWveli Selaxvaa damfuZnebeli kre­
bis uflebisa, es yovlad miuRebelia demokratiul saxelmwifoSi da
amieridan msgavsi ram ar unda ganmeordes. Cveni Zala Cveni demokra­

545
tizmia, es saanbano debulebaa, amisaTvis sityvis gagrZeleba metia da
dids mwuxarebas gamovsTqvamT, rom mTavrobam daiviwya es elementa­
ruli moTxovnileba.
aseTia mokled Cveni dakvirvebiT is defeqtebi, romlebic axasi­
aTeben azerbaijanTan dadebul xelSekrulebas, magram miuxedavad
amisa, Cveni fraqcia, fraqcia socialist-federalistebisa ar uar­
hyofs xelSekrulebis dadebiTs mxares da mniSvnelobas. viTvalis­
winebT Cvens saerTo mdgomareobas, saerTo kriziss, romelic dRes
gamefebulia irgvliv. viTvaliswinebT imas, rom rogoric unda iyos,
rogoris gamarjvebiTac unda damTavrdes, gamanadgurebelia xalxis
cxovrebis, rom CvenTvis umjobesia ara iaraRiT, aramed mSvidobianis
molaparakebiT gadavswyvitoT mezoblebTan yoveli sadavo sakiTxi,
rom zavi sazogadod, kerZod azerbaijanTan CvenTvis mudam Zvirfasi
iyo da aris, _ amitom vadasturebT warmodgenils xelSekrulebas da
gamovsTqvamT imeds, rom mTavroba ganagrZobs muSaobas Cveni da azer­
baijanis urTierTobis gasaumjobeseblad da Seecdeba mSvidobianis
gziT gamoasworos xelSekrulebis nakli da kerZod daubrunos saqa­
rTvelos ZaliT waglejili saingilo.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis damfuZnebel krebis wevrs baton l.
Sengelaias.
l. Sengelaia. (s.-r.) moqalaqeno, damfuZnebel krebis wevrno! saqa­
rTvelos demokratiis, qarTveli eris cxovrebaSi am mokle droSi
didi mniSvnelobis ambebi moxda. maT Soris yuradRebas ipyrobs zavi
sabWoTa ruseTTan, omi da zavi azerbaijanTan da mdgomareobis gar­
Tuleba baTomis olqSi. azerbaijanTan saqarTvelos mSromel xalxs
omi ar undoda, Cven gvinda viqonioT keTilmezobluri ganwyobileba
ruseTTan, xolo ubaTumod cxovreba Cven ar SegviZlian. amitom aris,
rom es sami sakiTxi yvelaze ufro mwvaved sdgas Cven win. Tu es sakiTx­
ebi gadawyda samarTlianad, ise rogorc amas moiTxovs saqarTvelos
demokratiis interesebi, maSin saqarTvelos mSromel xalxs miecema
obieqturi SesaZlebloba gaSalos frTebi, mas miecema farTo gasaqa­
ni. mxolod Tu es ase ar moxda, SesaZlebelia Cveni damoukidebloba
iseve udReo gamodges, rogorc azerbaijanis damoukidebloba. ba­
tonebo! am sakiTxebis gadawyvetiT samudamod unda ganmtkicdes Cveni
damoukidebloba, unda moxdes Cveni damoukideblobis, Cveni terito­
riis gamijvnis saboloo redaqcia. Cven erTxel ukve davdeT azerbai­
janTan xelSekruleba, davdeT uomrad. dRes meore xelSekruleba
davdeT imave mezobelTan omis Semdeg. am or xelSekrulebaTa Soris
kidev aris mniSvnelovani gansxvaveba. maSin Cven saqme gvqonda Cveu­
lebriv azerbaijanTan, romelic xelSekrulebis dadebis Semdeg Cveni
mokavSire gaxda. dRes Cven saqme gvaqvs komunistur azerbaijanTan, ma­
gram Tu es axali azerbaijani aris, marTladac axali komunisturi, is
unda gaxdes ufro saimedo mokavSire da megobari, vidre Zveli azer­
baijani iyo, vinaidan namdvil komunistur respublikas saqarTvelos

546
demokratiul respublikasTan samtro da saomari araferi ar unda
hqondes. (veSapeli: es dagvimtkices!). Tavidanve Cvensa da azerbaijans
Soris omi daiwyo da swarmoebda ucnaur pirobebSi. Cven viciT, rom
azerbaijans damoukideblaT CvenTan omis warmoeba ar SeeZlo. imave
dros Cven zavi SevkariT ruseTTan. omi mainc swarmoebda ruseTis
nivTier da texnikur saSvalebaTa daxmarebiT. dRes azerbaijanTan
oms bolo eReba, zavis pirobebi ukve warmodgenilia. Cveni fraqcia
Rebulobs am zavs, vinaidan Cven ar gvinda omi aravisTan da miT umetes
komunistur saxelmwifoebTan. Cven vRebulobT am xelSekrulebas, Cven
araferi dagvikargavs, Cven SegviZlia SevkraT namdvili demokrati­
uli zavi. Cven SevinarCuneT is, rac gvqonda omis dawyebamde, sxvisas
Cven ar moviTxovT. xelSekrulebas aqvs mniSvnelovani defeqtebic,
aseTia meaTe da meTerTmete muxlebi. ramdenadac aq aris lapara­
ki, rom Cveni qveyana ar gadaiqces bazad im ZalebisaTvis, romelnic
miznad isaxaven azerbaijanis damxobas. eseTive movaleoba aqvs da­
kisrebuli meore mxaresac. ase, rom es misaRebia, magram ramdenad am
muxlebis gageba SeiZleba ise, TiTqos is iyos emigraciis winaaRmdeg,
imdenad es muxlebi miuRebelia. Semdeg zaqaTalis sazRvrebis sakiTxi
unda gadawydes arbitraJis saSualebiT da super-arbitra unda iyos
susti, amis sawinaaRmdego Cven araferi gvaqvs. Cven gvwams, rom ruseTi
gansakuTrebiT mas Semdeg, rac man icno, aRiara Cveni damoukideblo­
ba, is ar gadadgams iseT nabijs, romelic Cveni respublikis saarse­
bo interesebis winaaRmdeg iqneba, miT umetes, rom Cveni pretenziebi
savsebiT samarTliania. magram ar SeiZleba ar avRniSnoT is garemoeba,
rom super-arbitrad dainteresebuli mxaris mowveva ar mowmobs Cvens
did diplomatebs da politikur simwifes. xelSekrulebaSi aris moy­
vanili erTi muxli im xelSekrulebidan, romelic Cven davdeviT ru­
seTTan. es miuRebelia. Cven damoukidebeli saxelmwifo varT da Tu
azerbaijanic damoukidebelia, ra SuaSia aq is xelSekruleba, romel­
ic Cven davdeT mesame saxelmwifosTan?! azerbaijanma, rogorc ruseT­
ma, icno Cveni damoukidebloba. es didi pliusia, amiT Cveni damou­
kideblobis mtrebs kovzi nacarSi CauvardaT, Cveni damoukidebloba
yvelam icno. rasakvirvelia, es ar niSnavs imas, rom Cven gulze xelebi
davikrifoT. SesaZlebelia, Cven ufro meti brZola dagvWirdes Cveni
damoukideblobisaTvis. magram Cven gvrwams, rom Tavisufal damou­
kidebeli saqarTvelo dasZlevs yovel-gvar dabrkolebebs da bolos
da bolos gamarjvebuli gamova, vinaidan Cven sicocxle gvwyurian,
vinaidan Cven gvrwams Cveni qveynis, Cveni xalxis momavali! (taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis damfuZnebeli krebis wevrs b. gr.
veSapels.
gr. veSapeli. batonebo! 12 ivnisis sazavo xelSekrulebam daasru­
la Cveni omi azerbaijanTan.
Cven gvqonda omi socialistur rusul azerbaijanTan. sanam azer­
baijanSi iyo damoukidebeli, erovnuli Zala-uflebis patroni mTav­

547
roba, musavaturi mTavroba, manam azerbaijanTan Cven omi ar gvqonia.
magram sakmarisi iyo azerbaijanSi egred wodebuli gumetis partiis,
romelic aq saqarTveloSi aris aRzrdili da romlis nawilsac didi
gavlen aqvs exlac borCalos mazraSi, moRalateobiT ruseTi Ses­
uliyo, rom mas azerbaijanis socialisturi respublikis piriT omi
gamoecxadebia CvenTvis. aseve amkvidrebden asi wlis winad ruseTis
Zala-­uflebas rusi generlebi.
ruseTis Sesvla azerbaijanSi iyo naZaladevi da arsebiTad
udrida mis dapyrobas. es garemoeba azerbaijanis delegaciis Tavmj­
domarem protestis saxiT oficialurad auwya ucxo qveynebis diplo­
matiur misiebs.
ruseTi Semovida baqoSi aprilis 27 da ukve 4 maiss misi jari foi­
los xidTan iyo. es iyo meTerTmete armia.
damaxasiaTebelia is, rom Cven ar SegviZlian vinugeSoT Tavi imiT,
TiTqos moskovis mTavrobas am omSi wili ar udevs. imitom, rom Ci­
Cerins oficialurad SeekiTxnen, magram b. CiCerins, Tumca mas uyvars
notebis gzavna, aqamdis pasuxi ver moucia. albad imitom, rom damakmay­
ofilebeli pasuxis gacema imaze, ratom gvebrZvis meTerTmete armia,
CiCerins, Tundac moskovis zavis Semdeg, ar SeuZlian.
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom ruseTs erTgvari strategiuli gegma hqon­
da saqarTveloSi Semosasvlelad, erTi gza aris gza soWidan, magram,
sanam Sav zRvaze batonobs inglisis floti, iqidan Semosvla Znelia.
rac Seexeba meore gzas, darials, aq Tundac arc erTi mokavSire ar
gvyavdes, ruseTis jars yovelTvis gauZneldeba CvenSi Semosvla.
amitom ruseTi wamovida im gziT, romelic ufro xelsayreli iyo
misTvis strategiuli mosazrebiT.
mizani omisa iyo orgvari: erTi strategiuli, samxedro. tfili­
sis dasacavi karebi aris Zveli Samqoris raioni, romelic warmoadgens
mtkvris yvelaze ufro viwro alags. aq iyo yovelTvis gamagrebuli
saqarTvelo an TiTon, an misi vasalebis saSualebiT, rom uzrunvelyo­
fili hqonda tfilisis bedi. aq SegveZlia mxolod strategiulad uz­
runvelyofili viyoT da Cveni sazRvrebis sakiTxi gadavWraT.
iyo meore _ politikuri mizani. azerbaijanidan im ucxo Zalis
gandevna, romelmac, Tundac socialisturi azerbaijanis respublik­
is formiT, magram mainc ruseTze damokidebuli provincia Seqmna ami­
er-kavkasiaSi, baqos raionSi.
SemiZlia vTqva, rom omis dawyebisas aseTi miznebi maincdamainc ar
yofila. Zalian fantastiuri xalxia mmarTvel wreebSi: gaz. „erToba“,
magal., pirdapir swerda, rom pirveli mizani, _ aRedgina kavkasia da
is roli, romelic Cven istoriisagan Zalauneburad dagvekisra, saqa­
rTvelos interesebis uzrunvelyofa da amave dros Cveni mezobeli
saxelmwifoebis uzrunvelyofa ucxo saxelmwifos Zalebisagan, ruse­
Tisa da osmaleTisagan _ es misia unda Segvesrulebina. SeiZleba amaSi
iyos erTgvari gegemoniis misia, magram omis msvleloba iseTi iyo, rom

548
sxvanairi zavi ar iyo mosalodneli. es iyo Cveulebrivi _ ar vityvi
qarTveluri _ SeiZleba iTqvas, menSevikuri omis warmoeba. TavSi gvx­
vdeboda wilad patara krizisi, Semdeg krizisis daZleva, gamarjveba
da Semdeg gaCereba. es aris Sabloni im omebisa, romlis warmoeba ux­
deba soc.-demokratiul mTavrobas saqarTveloSi. krizisis daZlevisa
da gamarjvebis Semdeg SeCereba xdeba yovelTvis mesame Zalis xaTriT.
somxeTTan omis dros es iyo inglisis xaTriT, exla ki es moxda ruseT­
Tan, an ukeT rom vsTqvaT moskovTan dadebul xelSekrulebis xaTris
gamo. moskovis xelSekrulebis dadebis Semdeg SeiZleba Cvens mTav­
robas daekarga perspeqtivebi, Seikra zavi swored maSin, roca Cvenma
jarma gadasWra brZola rusebTan da SeiZleboda win wasvla. es moxda
daaxloebiT kidev maSin, roca azerbaijanma daiwyo ajanyeba ruseTis
winaaRmdeg da ganjaSi amboxebam ifeTqa. maSin Sewyda Cveni operacia.
Cveni politika unda yofiliyo ara ruseTis zavis loialobis
politika, aramed iseTi, rogorsac, ai Tu gnebavT, dRes poloneTi
adgas: gamarjveba da Semdeg zavi! Tavis-Tavad cxadia, es rom ganjis
ajanyebis Semdeg yofiliyo, fantazia ar iqneba vTqvaT, rom Cveni
politikuri da strategiuli mizani miRweuli iqneboda.
agreTve TviT droebiTi zavi, romelic daido samxedro moq­
medebis SeCerebis Semdeg _ iyo Zalian originaluri da araCveule­
brivi. Cveni generaluri Stabi acxadebda, rom azerbaijanis parla­
mentiorebi moiTxovden, rogorc droebiTi zavis pirobebs, rom Cven
dagvetovebina is poziciebi, romelebic Cven gvekava omis dawyebis
win. generaluri Stabi, romelsac unda qondes udidesi avtoriteti
da pasuxismgebloba, Tavis deklaraciaSi acxadebda, rom es umagali­
To moTxovnileba aris istoriaSi, rom igi miuRebelia da Cven mier
kategoriulad uaryofili unda iqneso. magram es ase ar moxda. Cven
es pirobebi miviReT da davixieT. mxolod, generalur Stabs meore
deklaracia ar dauweria, amboben, rom am araCveulebriv zavs qonda
Tavisi gamarTlebao; is, rom am zavisaTvis xeli ar mogvewera _ maSin
xelaxla unda dagvewyo brZola wiTel xidTan. aq ufro politikur
organizacias qonda gadamwyveti mniSvneloba, vidre saxelmwifo
pirebsa da mTavar sardals. isini ukan daxevis winaaRmdegni yofilan
da es funqcia Seusrulebia gvardias, ufro politikur organizacias
vinem wminda strategiuls (gegeWkori: mTavarsardals qonda mindo­
bili es?). Sedegi aseTi omis warmoebisa aris es zavi. da piradaT vi­
tyvi, rom im pirobebSi, ra pirobebSiac omi swarmoebda da droebiTi
zavi Seikra, ukeTesi zavis dadeba Cvens delegacias ar SeeZlo. ua­
misoT Cven mogvixdeboda axali brZolis dawyeba foilosa da wiTel
xidTan. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom zavma Cven mogvca is, rac winaT gvqonda
cota odeni SesworebiT, Tu SeiZleba iTqvas, statusi. da am statusiT
arc politikuri da arc strategiuli mizani miRweuli ar aris, daax­
loebiT, ramdenime versis momatebas im raionebSi, romlebzedac ga­
dis sazRvari, gadamwyveti mniSvneloba ara aqvs. (gegeWkori: zone­

549
bi?). rac Seexeba zonebs, Tu davemyarebiT administratiul princips
_ gansakuTrebiT wiTel xidTan, romelic iyo tfilisis guberniaSi _
strategiuli mizani ar aris miRweuli. piriqiT, tfiliss ganjis mx­
riv, moelis mudmivi safrTxe da Tu mTavrobas unda igi uzrunvely­
ofili iyos yovelgvari moulodneli Semosevisagan _ Cven tfilisi
unda CavayenoT pirvel xarisxovan cixis mdgomareobaSi; sxvanairaT
tfilisis uzrunvelyofa ar SeiZleba.
meore mxriT, saingilo am zavma Cven ver mogvca, Tumca diplo­
matiiT, ruseTTan dadebuli xelSekrulebiT, TiTqo iyo mocemuli.
rac Seexeba strategil operacias, misi dakaveba Zalian advili iyo.
marto qiziyisa, da saerTod, kaxeTis xalxis suliskveTeba iyo sakmari­
si, rom zaqaTalis sakiTxi Cvenda sasargeblod gadawyvetiliyo. TviT
kaxeTis meTaurobiT SeiZleboda saingilos dakaveba, gansakuTrebiT
maSin, roca ganjis ajanyebis Semdeg _ ajanyeba moxda zaqaTalaSi. am
xelSekrulebis meeqvse muxli yvelaze ufro miuRebelia CvenTvis,
sxva muxlebze arafris Tqma ar SeiZleba. rac Seexeba me-6 muxls, aq
aris erTi garemoeba, yovlaT miuRebeli, imitom, rom es muxli eyrd­
noba ruseTTan dadebul xelSekrulebas, romlis ratifikacia jer ar
momxdara, Tumca es Sedis rogorc ruseTis, ise Cvens konstituciaSi.
es miuRebelia da meores mxriv, miuRebelia isic, rom arbitri zavis
sakiTxSi ruseTis xelSia, rodesac azerbaijani warmoadgens ruseTis
oficialur mokavSires da faqtiurad mis provincias. miuRebelia,
rom ruseTi iyos arbitri Tavis sakuTar saqmeSi. ai am me-6 muxlis
gamo Cven xelSekrulebis winaaRmdeg mivcemT xmas.
axla unda mogaxsenoT Sesaxeb perspeqtivisa. es aris meore zavi
bolSevikur saxelmwifosTan. bolSevikebis zavis Sefaseba advilia
imitom, rom TviT bolSevikebi arasodes ar arian Zalian dainterese­
bulni am sakiTxSi. isini amboben, rom maTTan zavis dadeba aris erTi,
an ori dRis Sesvenebis saqme. amitom Cven unda miviRoT zomebi, rom
es xelSekruleba ar darCes iseTi, rogoric brestis xelSekrule­
ba gamodga. bolSevikebma ukve daamtkices Tavis magaliTebiT, ram­
denad SegviZlia davendoT zavs an ruseTTan, an azerbaijanTan. am
zavis Semdeg iyo is, rom oseTma CrdiloeT oseTis karnaxiT ajanyeba
mogviwyo.zavis Semdeg iyo isic, rom CiCerinma qemal-faSasTan Se­
TanxmebiT mogvwyvites im baTumsa da mis olqs, romelic urataZes
misca da romelic urataZeze winad kidev imave qemal-faSas dauTmo.
exla ar gasula ramdenime dRe azerbaijanis zavis Semdeg, magram
ruseTma da TaTrebma gviCvenes, ramdenad saimedo aris maTTan zavi:
xelSekrulebaSi amboben, rom arc erTi samxedro nawili ar SeiZle­
ba Seyvanil iqnes zaqaTalaSio da rusebma swored am zavis Semdeg
Seiyvanes zaqaTalaSi jari. am jaris Stabis ufrosi yofila swored
is piri, romelic azerbaijanma da ruseTma daniSnes sakontrolo
komisiaSi da romelsac davalebuli hqonda ar SeeSva iq arc Cveni da
arc maTi jari.

550
 saerTod gadawyvetiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom azerbaijanis sax­
iT naxevrad Semogvertya yofili ruseTis imperia. Tu is ganagrZobs
Setevas somxeTze, maSin dgeba sakiTxi proteqtoratis Sesaxeb, rom­
lis gamo aris kidec molaparakeba ruseTsa da erevans Soris. amas
mowmobs CiCerinis ukanaskneli nota, romelic eubneba, rom ruseTi
laparakobs daxmarebis Sesaxeb, romelic unda aRmouCinos somxeTso.
es niSnavs erTgvar proteqtorats, rac mSvidobianobas arRvevs.
Cven unda movikrifoT mTeli Cveni energia da davayenoT sakiTxi
Cveni damoukideblobisa ruseTTan. Tavis-Tavad cxadia, rom Cven
ruseTisagan kargs arafers veliT da aravin gvZuls ise, aq Semosul
ucxo saxelmwifoebTan SedarebiT, rogorc ruseTi, imitom, rom ara­
vis ar vZulvarT Cven ise, rogorc ruseTs. erTad-erTi gza aris kavSi­
ri evropasTan, romlis interesebic aris aziaSi. dRes-dReobiT unda
veZioT kavSiri inglisisa. es kavSiri unda ganvamtkicoT da rac Sei­
Zleba mtkice unda iyos es kavSiri, rogorc samxedro, ise politiku­
ri, ise ekonomiuri, rom am gziT ruseTis pretenziebs Tavi davaxwioT.
Tavmjdomare. sityva b. Tevzaias ekuTvnis.
v. Tevzaia. (s.-d.) batonebo! neba miboZeT cota, rom istoriidan
vilaparako. ramdenime Tvis win azerbaijanSi arsebobda mTavroba,
romelsac hqonda saqarTvelos respublikasTan xelSekruleba, magram
amave dros, dRes es yvelas mier cnobili aris, magram azerbaijanSi
fexi moikida da gamagrda dedamiwis zurgzed, Cemis azriT yvelaze
ufro konservatiuli partia „itixadi“-s partia, romelic awyob­
da SeTqmulebas azerbaijanis damoukideblobis winaaRmdeg erTis
mxriT da romelic meores mxriT aSkarad aRiarebda saWiroebas xe­
lSekrulebisas da megobrobas sabWoTa ruseTisas azerbaijanTan. da
dRes saqarTveloSi yvela gazeTis mkiTxvelma icis, rom „itixadi“-s
organo, organo yvelazed gavlenian da viTom patriotul partiisa,
es organo iyo sabWoTa ruseTis politikis matarebeli aRmosavleT­
Si (veSapeli: Tu osmaleTisa?) da azrebi, romlebic egeboda sabWoTa
ruseTis politikas aRmosavleTis, savsebiT ixsneboda am organoSi da
mis warmodgenis saxiT azerbaijanis parlamentSi. Secdeba kaci, rome­
lic ufro did perspeqtivebs akeTebs aseT saerTaSoriso pirobebSi.
imitom, rom aseT pirobebSi es Zalian Zneli saqmea da Tavis Tavad cxa­
dia, rom azerbaijanis „itixadss“, romelic did perspeqtivebs akeTeb­
da amis Tavi ara hqonia, sCans es istoriidan. axla rac Seexeba oms, is
daiwyo saqarTvelos da azerbaijanis respublikis Soris sul sxva
miznebis misaRwevad. unda davsvaT kiTxva, ra iyo mizani azerbaijan­
isa: is xalxi, romelic awyobda SeTqmulobas, is xalxi, romlebic min­
istrebis postze idgnen Zvel mTavrobis dros, ministrebi, romelTac
ebaraT bedi Tavisi qveynisa da mmarTveli partiis xelmZRvanelobas
asrulebdnen, zogierTi aseTi piri personalurad Rebulobda monaw­
ileobas am SeTqmulebaSi. es yvela damfuZnebelma krebis wevrma icis.
mizani iyo gamoeyenebinaT sabWoTa ruseTi Tavis Soreul an axlobel

551
miznebis gansaxorcieleblaT da sworeT am mizanma dabada maTi mid­
rekileba, rom saqarTvelos CamoSoreboda is nawilebi, romelic iu­
ridiulaT da faqtiurad mis sazRvrebSi Semodioda da sadac musul­
manebi mosaxleoben. isini imas ar malavdnen, rom yvela adgilebi sxva
da sxva Cveni miznebisa, sadac mosaxleoben musulmanebi, unda ekuTv­
nodes ara saqarTvelos, aramed momaval komunistur, Tu monarqiul
ar vici, azerbaijanis respublikaso. maSin amaSi didi gansxvaveba ar
iyo or mTavrobas Soris. (veSapeli: exla xom aris?). amazed Semdeg.
meores mxriT TviT sabWoTa ruseTsac hqonda Tavisi gegma, politi­
ka, rom gamoeyenebia is xalxi, romelic zemo aRniSnul miznebs isaxa­
vda da romlebmac ar icoda, ras Sveboda Tavisi miznebisaTvis, rom
gadatrialeba momxdariyo iuridiul niadagze, es asec moxda. azer­
baijanis parlamentma daadgina: rom iRebs Zala uflebazed xels da
scnobs sabWoTa mTavrobas. is xalxi, romelnic gaWirvebis dros ar
sdgas Tavis simaRlezed da Tavis qveyanas aZlevs sxvas, Cemis azriT
daRupvis Rirsni aris... (xmauroba). (veSapeli: gamoiqca da imitom
mokles). raSi iyo mizani am axali mTavrobisa? axali mTavrobis miza­
ni aris saqarTvelos respublikis damoukideblobis mospoba da mis
nangrevebzed axali ramis Seqmna. es imis mizani aris _ mxolod meore
mxaris mizani aris damoukideblobis SenarCuneba, magram meore mxare
sul ara fiqrobs, rom daipyros mezobeli qveyana. ar fiqrobs mis Si­
naur saqmeebSi Carevas, aseTia Cveni demokratiis politika. ori wlis
ganmavlobaSi arc imas fiqrobs, rom iq Sescvalos marTva-gamgeoba.
amnairad aq aisaxeba ori sxva da sxva mizani. marTalia ambobdnen, rom
unda yofiliyo dasaxuli Cvenis mxriv kidev erTi mizani, rom azerbai­
janis xalxi gagvenTavisuflebia ucxo Zalebisagan, magram me vambob,
rom aseT miznebs saqarTvelos demokratia ver gaiziarebs, mets vi­
tyvi, aseT miznebs iziarebda sxvaTa Soris sabWoTa ruseTi, romelic
fiqrobda axali qveynebi daepyro, axali weswyobileba daemyarebia da
Sinaur saqmeebSi Careuliyo. am mxriv udidesi gansxvaveba aris saer­
TaSoriso politikaSi, sabWoTa ruseTis da saqarTvelos demokrati­
is Soris, is vinc fiqrobs, rom unda Caerios sxvis saqmeebSi, aiRos xe­
lSi iaraRi, Sevides da gaanTavisuflos im Zalidan. da amiT qarTvel
demokratias moaxvion raRac mesiis roli da maSin SeiZleba sparseT­
Siac unda gagvegzavna axali jari, imitom, rom sparseTic xom Cveni me­
zobeli xalxia da iqac unda daicvaT isini. yvela amas ver gaviziarebT.
amisTana rols verc erTi politikuri moRvawe Cvens demokratias ver
daakisrebs. (veSapeli adgilidan: denikinis winaaRmdeg?). roca Cvens
sazRvrebze denikini idga da gvecemoda, Cven mas vebrZodiT. denikins
rom winadadeba mieca CvenTvis wavsuliyaviT da masTan erTad gve­
brZola Tergis da ukrainis midamoebSi, Tavis Tavad cxadia, rom arc
erTi damfuZnebeli krebis wevri aseT gadawyvetilebas xmas ar misce­
mda. aseTi ram arc yofila. Cveni erTi ZiriTadi debuleba damoukide­
blobis aqtisa aris neitraloba, SeTvisebuli aqvs Cvens xalxs, man

552
icis rom Cveni saxelmwifo aris neitraluri. (veSapeli adgilidan:
neitraluri zonebi?).
rodesac nacionaluri sabWo gvqonda, zogierTi deputati moiTx­
ovda am neitralobis darRvevas ucxo saxelmwifoTa sasargeblod,
masze aSenebden perspeqtivebs da ambobden, rom Tu masTan SevkariT
samxedro kavSiri da masTan viqeniT, gamarjvebulni gamovalTo. ma­
gram, radgan neitraloba erTi safuZvelTagania, erTi elementTagan­
ia Cveni arsebobisa, igi aris aRniSnuli Cveni damoukideblobis aqt­
Si da am neitralobis darRveva ar SeiZleba ise, Tu ar Seirya Cveni
damoukideblobis aqtic. (g. veSapeli adgilidan: neitraluri zone­
bi?). neitralur zonebsa da saxelmwifos neitralitetis Soris didi
gansxvaveba aris. vinc aseT miznebs isaxavda, is, rasakvirvelia, am zavs
uyurebs ise, rom man mizans ver miaRwia. magram visac hqonda gansaz­
Rvruli gegma omis dros, is gegma, rom Tavis damoukidebloba daecva,
is kmayofili unda iyos am zaviT. am zavma miaRwia mizans _ es mizania
mtris damarcxeba da mazed gamarjveba. es zavi, rasakvirvelia, kom­
promisulia. aq aris iseTi muxlebi, romlebic ise SeiZleba daiweros,
Tu ki vinme miscems Tavs nebas, rogorc surs. jer ar dawerila ara
kompromisuli zavi. Tu ar aris Sesrulebuli erTi piroba, rom es
zavi arakompromisuli yofiliyo, maSin unda momxdariyo is, rac b. ve­
Sapelma sTqva, e. i. Cven jars marTla unda daemarcxebina is mTavroba,
Sesuliyo maT deda-qalaqSi, gaeyara yvela misi mokavSire elementebi
qalaqidan da Semdeg ekarnaxa zavis pirobebi, magram me geubnebiT, rom
aseTi perspeqtiva respublikas ar hqonia da arc eqneboda.
b. asaTianma brZana, rom qarTveli eris SegnebiT zaqaTalis olqi
Cveni teritoriis nawili ariso. es marTalia, magram kiTxeT musa­
vatelebs, romelic iq iyo da eWira zaqaTala da am zaqaTalis warmo­
madgenlebs, romlebic azerbaijanis parlamentSi iyvnen da monawileo­
bas Rebulobdnen im muSaobaSi, romelic exeboda azerbaijanis xalxis
kanonmdeblobas. am deputatebs, romelTa Soris panislamistebic ari­
an, zaqaTalis olqi azerbaijanis ganuyreli nawili hgoniaT.
maSasadame, aq ori Sexeduleba ejaxeboda erTi-meores imave zaqa­
Talis olqis Sesaxeb. imaTi azriT, ganurCevlad partiisa, zaqaTalis
olqi maTi iyo udavod. Tqven brZaneT, rom musavatis partiasTan omi
ar gvqoniao, magram swored musavatelebma gadasWres sakiTxi imis Ses­
axeb, rom zaqaTalis olqi maT ekuTvniT. ai, im mTavrobisaTvisac, ro­
melTanac Cven omi ar gvqonia, es CvenTvis udavo sakiTxi, iyo sadavo.
es aris faqti.
maSasadame, aq ejaxeboda ori politikuri msofl-mxedveloba da
am Sejaxebis dros moxda is, rom azerbaijanisaTvis udavod aRiarebu­
li, TviT azerbaijanis mier es udavo olqi gaxda sadavod.
is nawili siRnaRis mazrisa, romelic maT eWiraT faqtiurad,
Cvens xelSi gadmovida da amnairad, mdgomareoba omis Semdeg Cvenda
sasargeblod Seicvala. amas angariSi unda gauwioT da ar SeiZleba

553
imis Tqma, rom aq axali araferia iseTi, romelic Cvens mdgomareobas
ukeTes pirobebSi ayenebs.
aq amboben perspeqtivis Sesaxeb. magram Cven ar vikamaTebT dRes
amaze, radgan es metad rTuli sakiTxia TviT im deputatisaTvis, ro­
melic Rebulobs amas da metad udides tvirTs zidavs Tavisi nebiT. es
metad Zneli saqmea.
rac Seexeba am zavs, vityviT, rom saqarTvelos demokratia am xe­
lSekrulebas Seasrulebs imitom, rom arc revoliuciis dros da
arc damoukideblobis Semdeg, ar yofila SemTxveva, rom mas daedos
xelSekruleba da ar Seesrulebinos. Cvenma demokratiam yvela xe­
lSekruleba ase Tu ise pirnaTlad Seasrula. es Cveni demokratiis
bunebidan gamomdinareobs. Cveni demokratiisaTvis zavi aris normal­
uri movlena da omi ki aranormaluri. oligarxiisaTvis ki, piriqiT, _
zavi aris aranormaluri movlena da omi ki normaluri. iseTi gawvrT­
nili demokratiisaTvis, rogorc Cvenia, es zavi bunebrivi movlenaa.
is maSin iRebs monawileobas omSi, roca mis damoukideblobas emuqre­
bian da rodesac sxva gza ar aris, garda iaraRiT dacvisa. am zavs Cveni
demokratia daicavs pirnaTlad da Tu vinme Seecdeba mis darRvevas,
Cveni demokratiis motyuebas, maSin is jari da gvardia, romelic ica­
vda da icavs respublikas, Sesafer pasuxs gascems da damoukideblo­
bis da demokratiis droSas Zirs ar dauSvebs. (taSi).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis momxsenebels akaki Cxenkels.
a. Cxenkeli. (s.-d.) moqalaqeno! me TiTqmis Cemi mTeli politiku­
ri moRvaweoba gamitarebia opoziciis rigSi, magram opoziciis val­
debuleba ar mesmoda ise, rom mas SeuZlian upasuxismgeblo gancxade­
bebis gakeTeba. aq Cven gveubnebian magaliTad, rom Cven menSevikuri
zavi SevkariT, winedac menSevikur zavebs vkravdiT da amas upirda­
pireben polonur zavs. amis mTqmeli, yovel SemTxvevaSi, marTali iyo
imaSi, rom Cveni zavi ar iqneboda iseTi, rogorsac is TviTon Cveni
mokamaTe Sekravda. da es imitom, rom Cveni zavi, yovel SemTxvevaSi,
unda gamomdinareobdes demokratiis interesebidan da erTa Soris
solidarobis ideidan. es Tvalsazrisi mudam win gvidgas Cven, ro­
gorc aq, ise sxvagan, gansakuTrebiT aq, amier-kavkasiaSi, sadac saW­
irod vTvliT mezoblur da megobrul ganwyobilebas sxva da sxva
erTa da saxelmwifoTa Soris.
mec davsvi is sakiTxi, romelsac svamden aq zogierTi deputatebi _
visTan gvaqvs saqme: damoukidebel, Tu damokidebul saxelmwifosTan?
da vfiqrobT ase: Cveni survili iyo da aris, rom es saxelmwifo iyos
damoukidebeli. amgvar politikas vawarmoebdiT Cven da momavalSi­
ac vawarmoebT. amitom Cven ar uqvemdebarebT mTel Cven muSaobas mar­
to erT romelime mosazrebas _ istoriuls, Tu teritorialurs. mas
Cven uqvemdebarebT mosazrebaTa mTel rigs da amitom Cven ueWvelad
gvixdeba arCeva im gzisa, romliTac mSvidobianobas usisxlod mivaR­
wieT. rasakvirvelia, amasTanave daculi unda iyos Cveni respublik­

554
is saarsebo interesebi da vfiqrobT, rom es xelSekruleba, romelic
Cven win aris, ar aris iseTi, romelzedac SeiZleba iTqvas, rom is ew­
inaaRmdegeba am saarsebo interesebs. erTma oratorma aq sTqva, rom
Cveni mdgomareoba sazRvrebze omis win ukeTesi iyo, vidre exla. es
Semcdari azri aris. omis win Cven TiTqmis araviTari garkveuli saz­
Rvrebi ar gvqonia, yovel SemTxvevaSi, azerbaijanis pretenziebi im
xazis aqeT iyo, romelic dRes aris Cvensa da maT Soris.
rac Seexeba zaqaTalis olqs, is, mogexsenebaT, rom tfilisis gu­
berniaSi ar Semodioda. rasakvirvelia, es iyo usamarTlo movlena,
amaSi yvelani Tanaxmani varT, mxolod faqti rCeba da amisTvis an­
gariSi unda gagvewia. dRes ki, formalurad, iuridiulad, ramdenad
nawerebis gageba SeiZleba, imedi gvaqvs, rom zaqaTalis olqi Seiqmna
saqarTvelos teritoriad da Tu dava aris, igi Cvenda sasargeblod
gadawydeba. marTalia bolSevikebs Tavisi politika, Tavisi programa
aqvT, Cven Cveni politika da Cveni programa gvaqvs. es ori politika
erTmaneTs dapirispirebulia da maTi Serigeba yovlad SeuZlebelia.
Cveni winaaRmdegoba aris ZiriTadi.
da saqarTvelos respublika iarsebebs, rogorc ara bolSevikuri,
an sul ar iarsebebs. an iarsebebs rogorc demokratiuli, an sul ar
iarsebebs.
magram Cven mainc unda viqonioT imedi, rom rac dapirebulia
da Cawerili xelSekrulebaSi, is Sesrulebuli iqneba. Cven vnaxavT
sul axlo momavalSi Seasrulebs Tu ara moskovis mTavroba imas, ra­
sac xeli moawera da maSin gamovitanT Sesafer daskvnas. manamdis ki
daskvnebis gamotana naadrevia da saerTod aseTi daskvnis gakeTeba
dResve ar aris pasuxismgebeli gamosvla.
azerbaijanis respublikaze mogaxsenebT, rom Cven gvainteresebs
ara is, rom azerbaijani Cven gvexmarebodes, es ar gveWirveba, Tavi da
Tavi isaa, rom is loialuri iyos da Seignos Tavisi sakuTari inter­
esebi. ar vici, ramdenad Seegueba azerbaijanis dRevandeli mTavroba
Tavis xalxs. me darwmunebuli var, rom azerbaijanis xalxma Tu Seig­
no Tavisi saarsebo interesebi, is imasac Seignebs, rom misi da Cveni
saarsebo interesebi erTmaneTs ar ewinaaRmdegeba. es ki mdgomareobs
imaSi, rom azerbaijani iyos damoukidebeli ara marto sityviT, ar­
amed saqmiTac.
miuxedavaT yvela Cemi Tqmulisa, me ar SemiZlian ar daveTanxmo
Cvens mopirdapire oratorebs imaSi, rom Cveni mdgomareoba rTulia.
Cven irgvliv rkalSemortymulni varT. swored imitom, rom mdgo­
mareoba rTulia, Cveni mTavrobac ar awarmoebda riskis politikas,
da yvela is, rasac aq b-ni veSapeli brZanebda, aris riskis politika.
Cven riskis politikas ver vawarmoebT, sanam vgrZnobT pasuxismgeblo­
bas Cveni eris, Cveni demokratiis winaSe.
Cvenda sabednierod, rodesac Cveni demokratia sisxlsa Rvris,
icis risTvis Rvris. SeiZleba es pirveli magaliTi iyos ara marto

555
aziaSi, aramed mTels evropaSi. roca ers esmis risTvis ibrZvis, ar
SeiZleba misi omSi CaTreva mis daukiTxavad, mis winaSe upasuxismge­
blod. vimeoreb, Cven vawarmoebT demokratiul an, rogorc Tqven
uwodebT, menSevikur politikas da igi darCeba ZalaSi.
dasasrul me minda SevCerde mxolod erT kiTxvaze, romelic das­
va b-ma veSapelma, me maqvs saxeSi orientaciis sakiTxi. didi Secdomaa,
TiTqos Cven davdeqiT ruseTis orientaciis qveS. me ar mesmis arc
erTi orientacia. Tqven albaT romelime sxva saxelmwifos orienta­
cia gnebavT. orientacia gulisxmobs ama Tu im saxelmwifos iaraRad
qcevas. Cven ar gvinda, rom visime iaraRad gadaviqceT, Cven gaxlavarT
saqarTvelos damoukideblobis da Tavisi Tavis orientaciisa da am­
itom orientaciisTvis, Tu saWiroeba moiTxovs, sisxlsac davRvriT.
me minda Sevexo zogierT viTomda faqtebs, romelic aq moiyvanes.
aq Tqves TiTqos mTavarsardals jarebi ukan daexios droebiTi zavis
win, daetovebinos is poziciebi, romelic mas qonda saomari moqmedebis
bolos. mere TiTqos mTavroba TavisTvis moqmedebda, sardloba ki Ta­
visTvis. es ar aris marTali. (veSapeli: ase iyo!). ara es sinamdvile ar
aris. sardloba moqmedebda yovelTvis mTavrobis xelmZRvanelobis
qveS, Tumca droebiTi sazao zonas gayoleba sardlis saqmea da kidec
man gaayola mopirdapiresTan SeTanxmebiT. ar Seefereba sinamdviles
gancxadeba, TiTqos Cvenma jarma dastova poziciebi da dadga wiTeli
xidis aqeT, TiTqos zavi rom ar Camovardniliyo da saomari moqmede­
ba isev ganaxlebuliyo, Cveni jari saSinel mdgomareobaSi iqneboda.
namdvilad ki Cven gveWira gabatonebuli poziciebi ara marto wiTel
xidze, aramed yazaxis mimarTulebiTac.
rogorc mogexsenebaT, Cven gveWira ori mTa xramis gaRma, rogorc
aqeTa, ise iqeTa mxareTi. ise, rom Cvens jars gabatonebuli poziciebi
eWira maSin, rodesac Cven sazao molaparakeba daviwyeT.
rac Seexeba general mayaSvilis Sesaxeb gancxadebas, rom TiTon is
pasuxis gebaSi aris micemuli da SeiZleba daxvretilic, es rasakvir­
velia faqtis sakiTxia da amas yuradRebas miaqcevs mTavroba, gansa­
kuTrebiT sagareo-saqmeTa saministro.
maSasadame, moqalaqeno, Tqven unda miiRoT da daamtkicoT xel­
Sekruleba, vinaidan is uzrunvelyofs, ramdenaTac es SeuZlian xel­
Sekrulebas, Cvens sazRvrebs da meore mxriv is moaswavebs demokrati­
ul zavs, romliTac ki ar unda gaRrmavdes mtroba da SuRli Cvensa da
azerbaijans Soris, piriqiT unda gahqres igi. (taSi).
Tavmjdomare. kamaTi dasrulebuli gaxlavT. vin aris winaaRmde­
gi, rom muxlobriv ganxilvaze gadavideT? winaaRmdegi aris b. veSape­
li. Tavi vin Seikava? Tavi Seikava b. asaTianma. vin aris momxre? danar­
Cenebi momxreni arian. gTxovT waikiTxoT.
ak. Cxenkeli. (kiTxulobs sazavo xelSekrulebis muxls TviTeuls
cal-calke. xelSekruleba muxlobrivad miRebulia).

556
 Tavmjdomare. kenWs uyri xelSekrulebas mTlianad. vin aris wi­
naaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aris b. veSapeli. Tavi vin Seikava? Tavi Seika­
va b. asaTianma. vin aris momxre? danarCenebi momxreni arian. miRebu­
lia. gTxovT moaxsenoT rusuli teqsti.
ak. Cxenkeli. (kiTxulobs rusul teqsts). xelSekrulebis mux­
lis pirvel SeniSvnis Sesaxeb ambobs: ai, am SeniSvnis Sesaxeb mogaxse­
noT, rom daweris dros mosvliaT Secdoma. me wavikiTxe „pазошлись в
толковенiи 4 пункта“ da sxva. amis magier dauweriaT: „разошлись в толковенiи
10 пункта“ da sxva. ra Tqma unda, es aris mxolod da mxolod Secdo­
ma kalmis, gadamweris da xelis moweris dros es rasakvirvelia, Ses­
worebuli iqneba, radgan meoTxe muxlSia laparaki zaqaTalis olqis
Sesaxeb da meaTe muxlSi am olqze araferi ar aris naTqvami. (Semdeg
ganagrZobs rusuli teqstebis kiTxvas).
Tavmjdomare. es gaxlavT dedani, romlis Targmanic Tqven mog­
xsendaT. exla gTxovT moisminoT proeqti ratifikaciisa.
Cxenkeli (kiTxulobs).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegia b. veSapeli.
Tavi vin Seikava? Tavi Seikava b. asaTianma. vin aris momxre? danarCene­
bi momxreebi arian. miRebulia.
winadadeba gaxlavT soc.-demokratiuli fraqciis mier Semotani­
li, sxdoma daixuroso. vis surs sityva am winadadebis Sesaxeb? sityva
ekuTvnis b. rusias.
m. rusia. s.-d. fraqciis saxeliT gTxovT movisminoT „meore muxlo­
brivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa qalaq foTis sasargeblod navTsad­
guriT Semotanil da gatanil saqonelzed safuTo gadasaxadis Se­
moRebis Sesaxeb“.
Tavmjdomare. e. i. fraqcias ukan miaqvs Tavisi winadadeba. maSasa­
dame kreba grZeldeba. sityva ekuTvnis b. rusias.
m. rusia (kiTxulobs kanon-proeqts).
Tavmjdomare. kenWs uyri proeqts saerTod. vin aris winaaRmdegi?
winaaRmdegi aravin aris. miRebulia. rogor inebebT, gagrZeldes?
xma adgilidan: Seswydes.
Tavmjdomare. winadadeba aris kreba daixuroso. vin aris winaaRm­
degi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. miRebuli gaxlavT. exla gTxovT moma­
vali krebis dRis wesrigi moisminoT.
mdivani (kiTxulobs).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
dRis wesrigi miRebulia. krebas daxurulad vacxadeb.

557
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

ocdamerve sxdoma

(28)

1920 weli. ivnisis 29. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris amxanagi

aleqsandre lomTaTiZe.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivnis amx.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
prezidiumSi arian:
eqv. TayaiSvili da
kon. jafariZe.
sxdoma iwyeba 12 saaT. da 40 wuTze.
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas gaxsnilaT vacxadeb. mdivani mogaxsenebT
komisiebSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtebs da dRiur wesrigs.
mdivani. (kiTxulobs komisiebSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtebs).

komisiebSi gadasacemi kanon-proeqtebi:

1. Sinagan-saqmeTa saministros proeqti dekretisa _ respubli­

kis teritoriaze telegraf-telefonis qselis gasavrceleblad
36.000.000 man. gadadebisa da amave saWiroebisaTvis 44.550 man. Rirebu­
li masalis micemis Sesaxeb.
2. miwaT-moqmedebis ministris kanon-proeqti _ saqarTvelos res­
publikaSi sasoflo meurneobis saSualo da dabali ganaTlebis orga­
nizaciis Sesaxeb.
mdivani kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs.

559
 dRiuri wesrigi:

1. saboloo teqsti kanonisa sapyrobileTa damcveli razmis Sta­

tisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia qr. Sara­
SiZis asuli.
2. saboloo teqsti kanonisa tfilisis sasamarTlo palatis Sta­
tis damtkicebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
3. saboloo teqsti kanonisa sapatimroTa saqmis umaRlesi sabWos
debulebaTa Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
4. saboloo teqsti kanonisa qalaq foTis sasargeblod navTsad­
guriT Semotanil da gatanil saqonelzed safuTo gadasaxadis Se­
moRebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
5. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa saxalxo gvar­
diis Statis damatebisa da cvlilebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia gr. gi­
orgaZe.
6. dekreti _ qalaq WiaTuris TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis 3.000.000
man. sesxis micemisa. momxsenebelia nik. eliava.
7. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ respublikis qa­
laqTa miliciis Statebisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
momxsenebelia d. oniaSvili.
8. saboloo teqstebi dekretisa _ qalaq tfilisis miliciis Ses­
anaxad 1918-1919 w. ganmavlobaSi gaweuli xarjis 50 proc. anazRaure­
bisa. momxsenebelia Tevzaia.
9. saboloo teqstebi dekretisa _ gzaTa uwyebis 1919-1920 wlis
xarjT-aRricxvis damatebad 150.028.025 man. da 65 kap. gadadebisa.
momxsenebelia n. imnaiSvili.

d a m a t e b a.

10. mTavrobis gancxadeba qal. baTomisa da baTomis olqis Sesaxeb.

11. saboloo teqsti dekretisa _ saqarTvelos respublikis bonis
emisiisa 1920-1921 wlisaTvis navaraudevis biujetis farglebSi.
Tavmjdomare. dRiur wesrigis Sesaxeb Semotanili gaxlavT wina­
dadeba _ me-6-e sakiTxi droebiT moixsnas. es gaxlavT soc.-dem. fraqci­
is winadadeba. wesrigis Sesaxeb sityva lorTqifaniZes ekuTvnis.
i. lorTqifaniZe. (s.-r.) moqalaqeno! dRiur wesrigSi aris Se­
tanili damatebiTi dekreti axali emisiis Sesaxeb. es sakiTxi metad
rTulia, magram asec rom ar iyos, Cven fraqcias ar hqonda saSualeba
gascnoboda am dekrets, radganac dekretis teqsti miviReT mxolod
dRes 11 saaTze. reglamentis 65 muxlis ZaliT ki proeqti romelime
dekretisa unda gaegzavnos fraqciebs 24 saaTiT adre plenumSi ganx­
ilvamde. amitom moviTxovT, rom es sakiTxi moxsnil iqnes da Semdegi
sxdomisaTvis gadaidos.

560
 Tavmjdomare. es erTi winadadeba. meore gaxlavs me-6-e sakiTx­
is moxsnis Sesaxeb. me-3-e soc.-dem. fraqciis winadadeba, rom emisiis
sakiTxi daisvas me-5-e sakiTxis Semdeg. prezidiumis winadadebaa _ sax­
alxo gvardiis Statebis Sesaxeb sakiTxi dasmul iqnes bolo sakiTxad.
prezidiumis winadadebaa saboloo teqstebis Semdeg iqnes dasmuli
mTavrobis gancxadeba. cal-calke vuyri kenWs. vin aris winaaRmdegi,
rom me-6-e sakiTxi amoiSalos? miRebulia. (miRebulia agreTve 1) wina­
dadeba me-5-e sakiTxis ukanasknel sakiTxad dasmis Sesaxeb, 2) winadade­
ba saboloo teqstebis Semdeg mTavrobis gancxadebis Sesaxeb). gaxlavs
1-li winadadeba, rom dRes savsebiT moixsnas sakiTxi emisiis Sesaxeb
da me-2, rom igive sakiTxi me-6-e sakiTxad daisvas.
lorTqifaniZe. Cven amas moviTxovT reglamentis ZaliT.
Tavmjdomare. winadadeba soc.-dem. fraqciis me ise gavige, rom
dRes maT surT gamonaklisi dauSvan, Tumc lorTqifaniZis gancxade­
ba marTali gaxlavT. magram proeqti Cven Zalian gvian miviReT guSin
da guSinve daugzavneT fraqciebs, magram Tqvens fraqciaSi aravin ar
iyo. amiT aixsneba, rom Tqven mxolod dRes migiRiaT. miuxedavad ami­
sa, Tu Tqven moisurvebT, SeiZleba gamonaklisi dauSvaT am sakiTxis
Sesaxeb. vin aris momxre, rom es sakiTxi dResve gairCes? umravlesoba.
lorqifaniZis winadadeba uaryofilia.
dRiuri wesrigi amgvarad damtkicebulia. saboloo teqstebs
mogaxsenebT SaraSiZis asuli.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli (kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs 1, 2, 3 da 4 para­
grafSi aRniSnul sakanonmdeblo aqtebis saboloo teqstebs, romel­
sac damfuZn. kreba ukamaTod iRebs).
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis mTavrobis warmomadgenels sag.-
saqm. ministrs.

1. mTavrobis gancxadeba q. baTomisa

da baTomis olqis Sesaxeb.

evgeni gegeWkori, gareSe-saqmeTa ministri. moqalaqeno! ori wlis

winad qarTveli eri uTanasworo brZolaSi damarcxebuli iZulebuli
Seiqna damorCileboda tlanq Zalas. mas droebiT Camoglijes baTomi
da misi olqi, es alayafis karebi Cveni respublikis da akvani erovnul
kulturisa da pirveli naskvi Cveni muSaTa moZraobisa. gvagondeba is
Savbneli dReebi, rodesac Cveni demokratia moklebuli yovelnair
daxmarebas, dayrdnobili mxolod da mxolod Tavis sakuTar Zalaeb­
ze, iaraRiT xelSi icavda Tavis sazRvrebs gareSe mtris Semosevisa­
gan da amave dros igeriebda gaafTrebul ieriSebs Savbnel Zalebisa,
romelTac undodaT Sinauri fronti gaetexaT, gaeCaRebinaT CvenSi
samoqalaqo omi, gadaesrolaT Cveni xalxi anarqiis ufskrulSi. amna­
ir jojoxeTurma brZolis pirobebma aramc Tu ver gatexa Cveni xalxi

561
da ver aaRebina xeli brZolaze, piriqiT, es Tamamad SemiZlia avRniS­
no dRes aq, rom am brZolis qartexilidan gamovida igi gakaJebuli,
gasalkdevebuli.
baTomi ori wlis winad davkargeT, magram yvela Cvengans, visac
swamda da swams Cveni brwyinvale momavali, eWvic ar dabadebia imaSi,
rom samarTlianoba gaimarjvebs da baTomi da misi olqi, es ganuyofe­
li nawili saqarTvelosi, bolos deda samSoblos daubrundeba. dRes
asrulda nebisyofa mTeli saqarTvelosi, SeTanxmebis saxelmwifoebma
da kerZoT inglisma formalurad aRiares, rom baTomi daubrundes
saqarTvelos da aseTi maT mier gancxadeba dokumentalurad aris Cven
winaSe. (taSi).
Cveni saxelovani jari da gvardia imedia, rogorc yovelTvis,
pirnaTlad Seasrulebs Tavis vals da saqarTvelosTvis ukve formal­
urad aRiarebul uflebas realur faqtad aqcevs. (taSi). aqve unda
avRniSno, rom saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublika da misi mTav­
roba borotad ar isargeblebs am mdgomareobiT. Tqven gaxsovT, moqa­
laqeno, rom ara erTxel am tribunidan gangvicxadebia, rom rodesac
baTomi daubrundeba Tavis deda samSoblos, saqarTvelos respublika
Tavis mezobel damoukidebel respublikebs miscems saSualebas Tavi­
suflad isargeblon baTomis tranzitiT da am niadagze sdgas saqarT­
velos mTavroba.
Cveni saerTo mtrebi ar scxrebian. moqalaqeno, Cven gvaqvs cnobebi,
rom is mosyiduli agentebi, romelTac undoda Cven da samuslimano
saqarTvelos Soris mwvave urTi-erToba daemyarebinaT, romelnic ar
SeCerdnen imis winaSe, rom Zmas daeRvara Zmis sisxli, rodesac ganagr­
Zoben Tavis muSaobas, lamoben nebisyofa mTeli gaerTianebul saqa­
rTvelosi SeaCeron, avrceleben xmas TiTqos saqarTvelos mTavroba
midis baTomis olqSi, rogorc viTomc Suris maZiebeli. saqarTvelos
mTavrobis saxeliT vacxadeb, rom es sruliad simarTles moklebuli
aris. saqarTvelos mTavroba aravisze Surs ar iZiebs. is aZlevs srul
daviwyebas yovelive imas, rac Caidines boroti agentebis mier zo­
gierTma elementebma baTomis provinciaSi. magram Tu SemdegSi vinme
Seecdeba SeaCeros Zlevamosili moqmedeba saqarTvelos jarisa iq, im
olqSi, romelic mas ukve Cabarda formalurad, Tavis Tavad cxadia
laxvari saqarTvelos jarisa ar daindobs aseT pirebs, me vaTaveb Cems
mokle gancxadebas im imediT, moqalaqeno, rom provokaciuli zomebi
im mosyiduli agentebisa, romelnic arian erT da imave dros, rogorc
saqarTvelos, ise baTomis olqis mkvidrTa mtrebi, maT moqmedebas
gasavali ar eqnes.
am mokle xanSi Cveni jarebi baTomSi Seva ara rogorc dampyrobe­
li Zala, vinaidan Cven gvaqvs sruli ufleba vaRiaroT, rom baTomis
olqis mkvidrTa umravlesobis mosurne aris saqarTvelosTan Semo­
erTebis, rom bolos da bolos es olqi erTxel moglejili saqarT­
velosagan, daubrundes deda samSoblos, amitom Cven vfiqrobT, rom

562
aq araviTar winaaRmdegobas, araviTar eWvs adgili ar eqneba da am­
nairad aRsruldeba nebisyofa, rogorc saqarTvelos respublikis
dRvandel sazRvrebSi ise mTlian saqarTveloisa, am imediT, moqalaqe­
no, mivmarTav me mTel Cven xalxs da usurveb, rom is didi gamarjveba,
romelic Cvenma demokratiam Tavis brZolaSi moipova, es gamarjveba
dagvirgvinebuliyos. (mxurvale taSi).
Tavmjdomare kenWs uyris soc.-dem. fraqciis mier Semotanil
morig sakiTxebze gadasasvlel Semdeg formulas, romelic erTxmad
iqna miRebuli.
„moismina ra sagareo saqmeTa ministris gancxadeba baTomis da
baTomis mxaris, SeTanxmebas saxelmwifoebis mier saqarTvelosTvis
dabrunebis Sesaxeb, damfuZnebeli kreba gamosTqvams kmayofilebas,
rom samarTlianobis ideam gaimarjva da saqarTvelos udao ufleba
aRdgenil iqna. damfuZnebeli kreba miesalmeba samuslimano saqarTve­
los, ulocavs mas mis mSobliur dedasTan dabrunebas da gamosTqvams
mtkice rwmenas, rom saqarTvelo, ganurCevlad sarwmunoebisa, Tav­
dadebiT daicavs egzom msxverpliT mopovebul damoukideblobas“.
formulis miRebis Semdeg Tavmjdomare mimarTavs deputatebs
Semdegi sityviT:
al. lomTaTiZe. moqalaqeno, damfuZnebeli krebis wevrno! kidev
erTi gamarjveba moipova saqarTvelos demokratiam. samuslimano
saqarTvelo, romelic sxvadasxva garewar elementebis moRvaweobis
wyalobiT dRemde TiTqos mtrul ganwyobilebaSi iyo saqarTvelosad­
mi, dRes es samuslimano saqarTvelo ganuyofel nawils Seadgens Cveni
demokratiuli respublikisas (mxurvale taSi).
Tqveni saxeliT, moqalaqeno, Rrma imeds da rwmenas gamovsTqvam,
rom dReis amier iseT moqmedebas mimarTuls maTdami, rom es ori Rvi­
Zli Zma gaTiSuli da gancalkevebulni iqnen _ adgili aRar eqneba
saqarTvelos teritoriaze. Tqveni saxeliT mivmarTav samuslimano
saqarTvelos da vetyvi: nu moveswrebiT im dRes, rom es Cveni Zmuri
ganwyobileba darRveuliyos.
dae, am Cvenma gaerTianebulma demokratiulma Zalam dalewos
yovelgvari mteri, vinc unda iyos, Sinauri Tu garedan SemoWrili.
gaumarjos gaerTianebul saqarTvelos, gaumarjos samuslimano saqa­
rTvelos, gaumarjos gaerTianebul saqarTvelos damfuZnebel krebas
da mis mTavrobas! (mquxare taSi).

1. dekreti _ saqarTvelos respublikis

bonebis 7 miliardi man. emisiisa.

gr. giorgaZe. (s.-d.) Semosuli aris dekreti damf. krebaSi axali

emisiis Sesaxeb. Tqven kargaT mogexsenebaT, rom mesame emisia dasrul­
da. mesame emisiis Semdeg mTavrobam moaxdina kanonze damyarebuli op­

563
eracia oqrosa da vercxlis giraobis mixedviT. axla radganac axali
sabiujeto weliwadi aris, mTavroba axal emisias iTxovs. biujeti
mimdinare wlisa damtkicebuli ar aris, magram es biujeti mTavrobas
navaraudevi aqvs. erT-erT wina sxdomaze Tqven miiReT 1/4 am biujeti­
sa. damfuZnebelma krebam es navaraudevi miiRo.
ai mTavroba Txoulobs, rom am biujetis farglebSi misceT emi­
siis ufleba. safinanso-sabiujeto komisiam ganixila es da saWiroT
dainaxa yofiliyo aRniSnuli maqsimumi im Tanxisa, romelic mTavrobas
SeuZlia gamosces emisiis saxiT, xolo mTavrobas SeuZlia isargeblos
an ar isargeblos am uflebiT imis da mixedviT, Tu ranairi eqneba sxva
da sxva Semosavlis wyaro saxelmwifo xazinas. mimdinare xarjebi sa­
biujeto wlisa didia, magram Tu mxedvelobaSi miviRebT, rom mosal­
odneli aris agreTve didi Semosavali, araviTari aseTi gavlena emi­
sias bonebis kursis dacemaze ar eqneba. ganmartebiTi baraTidan sCans,
rom mTavrobas ganzraxuli aqvs gaafarTovos warmoeba, am mizniT man
gadasdva 300 milioni maneTi. garda amisa, ganzraxuli aqvs mTavrobas
rom monopoliis organizacia da sxva da sxva organizacia warmoebi­
sa, isic farTo niadagze daayenos. gasulma welma daamtkica, rom mo­
nopoliis ganxorcieleba Tu mkvidr niadagze aris dayenebuli, didi
sargeblobis motana SeuZlia saxelmwifosaTvis. mogeba, romelic ker­
Zo pirebis, an sazogadoebis xelSi unda Cavides, gadadis mTavrobis
xelSi. amgvarad sabiujeto da safinanso komisias aqvs kargi Semosav­
lis perspeqtivebi. da is xarjebi, romelic gaweuli iqneba mimdinare
wlis ganmavlobaSi, sul Tu ara umetesi nawili mainc daifareba im
SemosavliT, romelic gansazRvruli aris. gasul wels gansazRvrul­
ma Semosavalma navaraudev ricxvs 15 procentiT gadaaWarba. da dRes
rodesac baTomis olqi saqarTvelos ubrundeba da Cven xelSi gadmo­
dis Tavisi navTsadguriT, rasakvirvelia Cveni ekonomiur-finansiuri
mdgomareoba bevrad gaumjobesdeba. amitom safinanso komisia Semo­
dis winadadebiT damf. krebis winaSe miiRos es Suamdgomloba am emi­
siis Sesaxeb, daadasturos es da misces mTavrobas ufleba 7 miliardi
maneTis gamocemisa.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? sityva ar­
avis surs. gadavdivar muxlobriv ganxilvaze.
(dekreti ganxilul iqna muxlobrivad da miRebul iqna Cveule­
brivi wesiT).
Tavmjdomare. vTxov saredaqcio komisias saboloo teqsti axlave
SeimuSavos da amave sxdomaze warmoadginos saboloo teqsti. Semdegi
sakiTxisaTvis sityva rusias ekuTvnis.

564
 2. kanon-proeqti respublikis qalaqTa miliciis
Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

m. rusia. (s.-d.) jer kidev 1917 wlis debulebiT qalaqis milicia

qalaqis TviTmmarTvelobis xelSi gadavida, magram dRemdis qalaqs
Statebi da xarjT-aRricxva ar hqonia. 1918 wlis ganmavlobaSi saxel­
mwifo xazina exmareboda qalaqs miliciis SenaxvaSi da 2 agvistos
kanoniT 50 proc. am xarjebisas saxelmwifo xazina iRebda. exla qa­
laqebma warmoadgines qalaqTa sabWos mier miRebuli da damtkicebu­
li Statebi da Suamdgomloben mTavrobis winaSe, raTa es Statebi da
xarjT-aRricxva iqmnes damtkicebuli da saxelmwifo xazinam gaiRos
nawili im xarjebisa, romlebsac qalaqebi ewevian miliciis Sesanaxad.
mTavrobam ganixila es Statebi da xarjT-aRricxva da Sesworeba Seit­
ana. damfuZnebeli krebis sabiujeto da TviTmmarTvelobis komisiebma
ganixiles es xarjT-aRricxva da Statebi ucvlelad miiRes. mxolod
erT muxlSi iqmna Setanili Sesworeba am or komisiis mier. mTavro­
bis proeqtiT mxolod naxevri e. i. 50 proc. unda yofiliyo gaRebu­
li saxelmwifo xazinidan miliciis Sesanaxad. TviTmmarTvelobis da
sabiujeto komisiebi fiqroben, rom dRevandel pirobebSi, rodesac
qalaqebis finansiuri mdgomareoba metad umweo aris, da milicia ki
asrulebs uaRres saxelmwifoebriv funqciebs, dRes xazinam unda gai­
Ros 75 proc. im xarjebisa, romelsac qalaqi eweva miliciis Sesanaxad.
amas garda danarCenSi araviTari gansxvaveba am or komisiasa da mTav­
robas Soris ar arsebobs. es aris Sinaarsi kanon-proeqtisa, romelic
warmodgenilia damfuZnebel krebaSi.

3. dekreti qalaq tfilisis miliciis Sesanaxad 1919 wlis

ganmavlobaSi gaweuli xarjis 50 proc. anazRaurebis.

m. rusia. (s.-d.) 1919 wlis ganmavlobaSi xazina exmareboda respub­

likis qalaqebs da ixdida 50 proc. im xarjebisas, romelsac qalaqebi
miliciis SesanaxavaT eweoden. gamonakliss mxolod tfilisi Seadgen­
da. marTalia tfilisma miiRo nawili daxmarebisa, magram vinaidgan
ori agvistos kanoniT tfilisi gamonaklisiT iyo aRniSnuli, dRes
mTavroba Semodis dekretis proeqtiT, rom qalaq tfiliss, gaRebul
xarjebis naxevris dasafaravad mieces Tanxa xazinidan. es gaxlavs
Sinaarsi dekretis proeqtisa. TviTmmarTvelobis komisiam ganixila
mTavrobis mier warmodgenili proeqti da ucvlelad miiRo.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis vis surs sityva? msurveli
aravin aris. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze. (dekreti Cveule­
briv muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg miRebulia).

565
4. dekreti gzaTa uwyebis 1919-1920 w. xarjT-aRricxvis
damatebad 150.028.025 man. da 65 kap. gadadebisa.

n. imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) safinanso komisiaSi Semovida 3 dekreti gzaTa

uwyebidan. 1-li, romelic exeba gzatkecilebis sammarTvelos zedmet
xarjebs, me-2-e, romelic exeboda amave sammarTvelos iseTive xasiaTis
zedmet xarjebs da me-3-e, rkinis-gzaTa sammarTvelos mier gaweul
zedmet xarjebs. sabiujeto komisiam yvela es dekretebi gaaerTiana
da aq warmodgenili gaxlavT dekreti: 150.028.025 man. da 65 kap. ga­
dadebisa. es Tanxa unda moxmardes am zedmet xarjebis dafarvas. es
zedmeti xarjebi gamowveulia SemdegiT: gzatkecilebis Cveulebrivi
da kapitaluri remontis gegma im saxiT ar SeiZleboda moxdeniliyo,
rogorc nagulisxmevi iyo uwin. am gegmiT navaraudevi iyo 12.053.500
man. maSin dReSi navaraudevi muSa 20 man., uremi 50 man. erTi kuburi
saJeni damtvreuli qva maSin iyo navaraudevi 300 man. es muSaoba dam­
Tavrebuli ar aris. muSa xelis gaZvirebam gamoiwvia es zedmeti xar­
jebi, romelTa Sesaxeb calke dekreti iyo Semotanili. aseTi zedme­
ti xarjebi aqvs rkinis gzebis sammarTvelosac. calke paragrafebis
mixedviT gzaTa sammarTveloSi eseni Seadgenen 113.323.754 maneTs, es
xarjT-aRricxva gzatkecilebis da rkinis gzis sammarTvelosi ganx­
iluli yofila gzaTa sammarTvelos sabWoSi, sadac monawileobas
iRebda finansTa saministros da saxelmwifo kontrolis warmomad­
genlebi. es zedmeti xarjebi kanonierad ucvniaT da daumtkicebiaT.
Semdeg safinanso komisiam moismina amis Sesaxeb zogierTi SeniSvnebi
kontrolisa, gzaTa deparetamentis warmomadgenlisa arsebiTad dae­
Tanxma warmodgenil proeqts. es Tanxa Seadgens: 150.028.025 man. da 65
kap. romelic gaRebul unda iyos saxelmwifo xazinidan.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva sazogado msjelobisaTvis? aravis.
vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvaze gadasvlisa? aravin. ga­
davdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze.
muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna da saredaqcio
komisias gadaeca.
Tavmjdomare. qr. SaraSiZis asuli mogaxsenebT saboloo teqsts
dekretisas 7 miliard man. emisiis Sesaxeb.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli (kiTxulobs saboloo teqsts dekretisas 7
miliard man. emisiis Sesaxeb, rasac damf. kreba Seusworeblad iRebs).
Tavmjdomare. dRis wesrigi amowurulia. gTxovT moisminoT Sem­
degi sxdomis dRiuri wesrigi.
mdivani (kiTxulobs Semdeg sxdomis dRiur wesrigs).
Tavmjdomare. sxdoma daxurulia.
kreba ixureba 2 saaT. da 25 wuTze.

566
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

ocdamecxre sxdoma

(29)

1920 weli. ivlisis 2. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris ufrosi am­

xanagi
aleqsandre lomTaTiZe.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivani kon. jafariZe.
prezidiumSi arian:
eq. TayaiSvili,
qr. SaraSiZis asuli.
Tavmjdomare. sxdoma gaxsnili gaxlavT. mogaxseneben komisiebSi
gadasacem kanon-proeqtebis nusxas da dRiur wesrigs.
(mdivani kiTxulobs nusxas komisiebSi gadasacem kanon-proeqtisas).

komisiebSi gadasacemi kanon-proeqtebi.

1. finansTa ministris proeqti dekretisa _ saxelmwifo qaRal­

debis dammzadebel eqspediciis Statis 12 kaciT gadadebisa da amiT
gamowveuli xarjis da eqspediciis sxva saWiroebaTa dasakmayofileb­
lad 2.690.932 man. gaRebis Sesaxeb.
2. iusticiis ministris proeqti dekretisa _ tfilisis da soxu­mis
droebiTi sagangebo sasamarTlos gauqmebis Sesaxeb.
mdivani kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs.

567
 dRiuri wesrigi.

1. saboloo teqsti dekretisa _ qal. tfilisis miliciis Sesa­

naxad 1919 ganmavlobaSi gaweuli xarjis 50 proc. anazRaurebis Ses­
axeb. momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
2. saboloo teqsti dekretisa _ gzaTa uwyebis 1919-1920 w. xar­
jTaRricxvis damatebad 150.028.025 man. da 65 kap. gadadebis Sesaxeb.
momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
3. saboloo teqsti kanonisa _ saxalxo gvardiis Statis damatebi­
sa da cvlilebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
4. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ WiaTuris Sav
qvaze samunicipalo safuTo gadasaxadis SemoRebis Sesaxeb. momxsene­
belia m. rusia.
5. dekreti _ qalaq WiaTuris TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis 3.000.000
man. sesxis micemisa. momxsenebelia m. rusia.
6. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ janmrTelobis
departamentis daarsebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
7. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ saqarTvelos
sxva da sxva kulturul dawesebulebaTa qonebis gasaZliereblad da
damsaxurebul moRvaweTa daxmarebisaTvis bileTebis dabegvris Ses­
axeb. momxsenebelia nik. imnaiSvili.
8. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ saqarTvelos
fizikuri observatoriis daarsebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia n. imnaiS­
vili.
9. socialist-rev. fraqciis SekiTxva mTavrobisadmi _ borCalos
mazris administraciis TviTnebobis da ukanonobis moqmedebis Sesaxeb.

d a m a t e b a:

10. dekreti _ q. tfilisis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis 50.000.000 man.

sesxis micemis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia m. rusia da iv. gomarTeli.
11. dekreti _ q. foTis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis 6.000.000 man. ses­
xis micemisa. momxsenebelia m. rusia da v. Tevzaia.
Tavmjdomare. dRis wesrigis Sesaxeb winadadebebi gaxlavT Se­
motanili. erTi winadadeba aris, rom meaTe da meTerTmete sakiTxi
gadatanil iqnes meoTxe da mexuTe sakiTxad da maTi saboloo teqstic
dResve iyos miRebuli.
Semdegi winadadeba aris prezidiumisa, rom meoTxe da mexuTe
sakiTxebic dResve iyos sabolood miRebuli. sityvas Tu aravin isur­
vebs, me pirdapir kenWs uyri am winadadebebs. vin aris winaaRmdegi?
winaaRmdegi aravin aris. maSasadame dRis wesrigi miRebulia. sityva
ekuTvnis b-on iv. gomarTels.

568
 i. gomarTeli. (kiTxulobs saboloo teqsts).
Tavmjdomare. vina aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. Semdegi.
iv. gomarTeli. (kiTxulobs saboloo teqsts).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. Semdegi.
iv. gomarTeli. (kiTxulobs).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. Semdegi sakiTxis Sesaxeb sityva b. rusias ekuTvnis.

1. dekreti qalaq tfilisisaTvis 50 milion man.

sesxis micemis Sesaxeb.

m. rusia. (s.-d.) q. tfilisis sabWom aRZra mTavrobis winaSe Sua­

mdgomloba, raTa mieces q. tfilisis TviTmmarTvelobas sesxis saxiT
50 milioni maneTi im xarjebis dasafarvad, romelic q. tfiliss aqvs
ama wlis ivnisis, ivlisis da agvistos Tveebis ganmavlobaSi. am xar­
jebis raodenoba, romelic warmodgenili aris tfilisis sabWos mier,
gamoixateba 75.112.000 man. es xarjebi gadanawilebulia Semdeg nai­
rad: jamagiri momsaxureT TveSi 9.440.000 man. sami Tvis ganmavloba­
Si 28.320.000 man. sameurneo xarjebi sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi 15 mil.
man., valebi da maTi sargeblis gadaxda 5.536.000 man., quCebis da sxva
aucilebeli remonti _ 5.850.000 man., lombardis sesxad 2 milioni man.,
muSa-mosamsaxureebze sasursaTo fondSi Sesatanad 5 milioni man.,
erTdrouli daxmareba muSa-mosamsaxureT, romelic miiRo damfuZne­
belma krebam 13.406.000 man.
amrigad xarji, romelic awevs q. tfiliss, gamoixateba sami Tvis
ganmavlobaSi 75.112.000 man. sul sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi Semosavali
iqneba 16.500.000 man. amgvarad qalaqs daakldeba xarjebi dasafaravad
sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi 58.612.000 man.
mTavrobam ganixila es Suamdgomloba da saWirod scnobs mieces q.
tfiliss mxolod 50 milioni maneTi sesxad. es sakiTxi iyo ganxiluli
TviTmmarTvelobis da safinanso komisiebSi, romlebic winadadebas
aZleven damfuZnebel krebas, raTa q. tfiliss mieces sesxad 50 mil.
maneTi. pirobebi dawvrilebiT aris naCvenebi dekretSi.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? sityva ar­
avis surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? winaaRmdegi
aravin aris. gTxovT waikiTxoT.
rusia (kiTxulobs saTaurs da pirvel muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. Semdegi.
rusia (kiTxulobs meore muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris. mi­
Rebulia. Semdegi.

569
 rusia (kiTxulobs mesame muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. Semdegi.
rusia (kiTxulobs meoTxe muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. kenWs uyri mTels dekrets. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaR­
mdegi aravin aris. miRebulia da exlave gadaecema saredaqcio komi­
sias.
Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis b. rusias.

2. dekreti _ qal. foTis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis

6 milion man. sesxis micemisa.

m. rusia. damfuZnebeli krebis wevrebs moexsenebaT, rom q. foTs

navTsadgurSi aqvs sakuTari elevatorebi. es elevatorebi iqna aSen­
ebuli 1905 wels da qalaqs jer kidev ar gadauxdia elevatorebis fasi
mTlianad. garda amisa elevatorebs sWirdeba SekeTeba, rom daiwyos
muSaoba. yvela am xarjebis gasasworeblad qalaq foTis sabWo Suamd­
gomlobs mTavrobis winaSe, rom mas mieces 6 milioni maneTi sesxad.
am sesxs q. foTis sabWo uzrunvelhyofs am elevatorebis SemosavliT.
rogorc aris Semowmebuli specialuri komisiis mier, elevatorebis
Semosavali aRemateba ramdenime milion maneTs yovel wliurad.
mTavroba saWirod scnobs Sewynarebul iqnes q. foTis TviTmmar­
Tvelobis Suamdgomloba. es sakiTxi ganixiles damfuZnebeli krebis
TviTmmarTvelobis da safinanso komisiebma da winadadebas aZleven
damfuZnebel krebas, rom q. foTs mieces zemo aRniSnuli xarjebis
dasafaravad 6 milioni maneTi sesxad im pirobiT, romelic aris moy­
vanili dekretSi.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? sityva ar­
avis surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvisa? winaaRmdegi
aravin aris. gTxovT waikiTxoT.
rusia. (kiTxulobs pirvel muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. Semdegi.
rusia. (kiTxulobs meore muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. Semdegi.
rusia. (kiTxulobs mesame muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. kenWs uyri mTels dekrets. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaR­
mdegi aravin aris. dekreti miRebulia da exlave gadaecema sare­
daqcio komisias.
Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis b. rusias.

570
 3. meore muxlobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa
WiaTuris Sav-qvaze samunicipalo safuTo
gadasaxadis SemoRebis Sesaxeb.

m. rusia. mogexsenebaT, rom Sav-qvaze, marganecze arsebobs q. fo­

Tis da qalaq WiaTuris sasargeblod gadasaxadi.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi ganxilva ukve iyo. exla muxlobrivi gan­
xilvaa.
rusia. bodiSs vixdi. (kiTxulobs pirvel muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. Semdegi.
rusia. (kiTxulobs meore muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. Semdegi.
rusia. (kiTxulobs mesame muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. Semdegi.
rusia. (kiTxulobs meoTxe muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. kenWs uyri mTlianad: vin ari winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi
aravin aris, miRebulia da gadaecema saredaqcio komisias. Semdegi
sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis b. rusias.

4. dekreti _ WiaTuris TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis

sami mil. man. sesxis micemisa.

m. rusia. qalaq WiaTuris sabWom aRZra Suamdgomloba, raTa mieces

mas 3 milioni maneTi sesxaT im xarjebis dasafaravad, romelic aqvs qa­
laqs. umTavresi sakiTxi _ uzrunvelyofa am sesxisa ukve gadawyvetil­
ia, vinaidan damfuZnebelma krebam ukve miiRo kanoni, romlis ZaliT
marganecis yovel gatanil fuTze dadebul samunicipalo gadasaxa­
didan aTi Sauri gadaecema q. WiaTuras. sul cota rom viangariSoT
q. foTis navTsadgurSi ukve Zevs gasatani 10 milioni fuTi Savi qva.
aqedan q. WiaTuras ergeba xuT milionamde man. maSasadame es sesxi
sruliad uzrunvelyofilia da xazinas sul mokle xnis ganmavlobaSi
daubrundeba es gacemuli sesxi. finansiurad q. WiaTura dRes did gaW­
irvebas ganicdis, amitom TviTmmarTvelobis da safinanso komisiebma
miiRes es sesxi erTxmad da winadadebas aZleven damfuZnebel krebas,
rom q. WiaTuras mieces sesxi sami milioni man. im pirobiT, romelic
dekretis proeqtSi aRniSnulia.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? sityva ar­
avis surs. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobrivi ganxilvisa? winaaRmdegi
aravin aris. gTxovT waikiTxoT.

571
 rusia. (kiTxulobs pirvel muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. Semdegi.
rusia. (kiTxulobs meore muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. Semdegi.
rusia. (kiTxulobs mesame muxls).
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRmdegi aravin aris.
miRebulia. kenWs uyri mTels dekrets. vin aris winaaRmdegi? winaaRm­
degi aravin aris. miRebulia da gadaecema saredaqcio komisias.
Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva ekuTvnis momxsenebels b. gomarTels.

5. kanon-proeqti janmrTelobis
departamentis daarsebis Sesaxeb.

iv. gomarTeli. (s.-d.) warsuli wlis damlevs Sinagan-saqmeTa samin­

istros mier mowveuli gaxldaT komisia, romelsac unda SeemuSavebi­
na rogor unda iyos mowyobili saeqimo-sasanitaro saqme mTels res­
publikaSi da an ra uflebiT iqneba aRWurvili is organo, romelic
iqneba gamge am saqmisa. mogexsenebaT, dRemdis saeqimo-sasanitaro saqme
gabneulia sxva da sxva uwyebebs Soris, rogoric aris Sinagan-saqmeTa
saministro, miwaTmoqmedebis, gzaTa da samxedro.
da rodesac erT saqmes amdeni patroni hyavs, Tqven kargad iciT,
saqme kargad ar midis, imitom rom yvela am dawesebulebebs friad sapa­
suxismgeblo saqmeebi aqvT Tav-TavianT dargSi da saeqimo-sasanitaro
saqmes Sesafer yuradRebas ver aqcevden. amitom im komisiam, romelic
mowveuli iyo Sinagan-saqmeTa saministros mier, SeimuSava debuleba,
rom mTeli saeqimo-sasanitaro saqme unda iyos erT central dawe­
sebulebaSi Tav-moyrili da saerTo xelmZRvaneloba da kontroli
mTels respublikaSi am erT dawesebulebis xelSi unda iyos.
rogori unda iyos es dawesebuleba, amis Sesaxeb komisias hqonda
msjeloba da daadgina, rom es centraluri dawesebuleba unda war­
moadgendes departaments da moTavsebuli unda iqnes Sinagan-saqmeTa
saministrosTan.
Tu ra Tvisebebisa unda iyos es centri, rogori kompetencia eqne­
ba mas, an ra saqmes unda ganagebdes is, amis Sesaxeb komisiam SeimuSava
calke debuleba. es debuleba gaxlavT Semdegi (kiTxulobs debulebas).
rogorc am debulebidan sCans, mTeli saeqimo-sasanitaro saqme
iqneba am departamentis xelSi, xolo Tavis-Tavad cxadia erobebsa da
TviTmmarTvelobebs TavianT fargalSi eqnebaT. mxolod saerTo xelmZ­
Rvaneloba, instruqciebis SemuSaveba iqneba am departamentis xelSi.
aris, magaliTad, saWiro saxelmwifoebrivi zomebi Wleqis, mala­
riis winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad. departamenti SeimuSavebs am saerTo

572
zomebs, xolo am zomebs cxovrebaSi gaatareben erobebi da TviTmmarT­
velobebi.
rkinis gzis saeqimo-sasanitaro ganyofileba droebiT rCeba mis
xelSi, radgan dRevandels pirobebSi Cveni erobebi ar arian imdenad
moRonierebulni, rom gauZRven am saqmes. Semdeg ki gadaecema erobebs
da TviTmmarTvelobebs.
es sakiTxi ganxiluli iyo safinanso komisiaSi da iq aRiZra am­
gvari sakiTxi, rom radganac saqme exeba departamentis daarsebas, sa­
Wiro aris Sesaferma komisiam, TviTmmarTvelobis komisiam gamosTqvas
Tavisi azri, ramdenad saWiroa CvenSi departamentis daarseba.
TviTmmarTvelobis da iuridiulma komisiam daadgina, rom is ar
ixilavs departamentis daarsebis sakiTxs saerTod, principialurad,
xolo am kerZo SemTxvevisaTvis is iziarebs Sinagan-saqmeTa saminis­
tros Sexedulebas, rom saWiroa departamentis daarseba.
sabiujeto komisiam ganixila, msjeloba iqonia da gamosTqva is
azri, rom saWiro aris calke damoukidebeli uwyebis daarseba, ma­
gram xmis umetesobiT gadawyda, rom es unda iyos departamenti Sina­
gan-saqmeTa saministrosTan da misi ufrosi iqneba direqtoris saxel­
wodebiT.
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis b. lorTqifaniZes.
iv. lorTqifaniZe. (s.-r.) batonebo! b. gomarTelis mier wamoy­
enebuli proeqti exeba friad seriozul sakiTxs, Cveni eris fiziku­
ri arsebobis sakiTxs. Tqven mogesxenebaT, rom es saqme metad unugeSo
mdgomareobaSi aris bevrs qveynebSi da gansakuTrebiT Cvens qveyana­
Si, radgan saTanado organoebi ar arsebobs. amitom me vfiqrob, rom
radganac am sakiTxis Sesaxeb gansakuTrebul sagangebo komisia muSaob­
da am ori wlis ganmavlobaSi, Cven movismendiT ufro seriozul mox­
senebas am mxriv, sadac iqneboda laparaki ara marto departamentis
daarsebis Sesaxeb, aramed mTels respublikaSi saeqimo-sasanitaro
saqmis mogvarebis Sesaxeb, Tumca amisaTvis masalebi didi xania Seg­
rovilia samecniero sazogadoebis mier da gansakuTrebiT qarTvel
eqimTa sazogadoebis mier. ai Tundac b. virsalaZis vrceli moxseneba
am sakiTxis Sesaxeb.
me minda mogaxsenoT oriode sityva Cveni marTva-gamgeobis princi­
pebis Sesaxeb. dRes warmodgenili kanon-proeqti da iuridiul komi­
siis daskvna, rom Cven principialurad ar vwyvetT sakiTxs, magram
Tanaxmani varT departamenti davaarsoT, mowmobs imas, rom Cven mTa­
vari sistema ara gvaqvs marTva-gamgeobaSi. Cven ara gvaqvs araviTari
sistema da centraluri organoebis, romelTac xelSi uWiravT saxel­
mwifoebrivi muSaoba. pirveli mTavrobaSi, romelic iyo arCeuli
erovnul sabWos da parlamentis dros, iyo saministroebis sistema;
Semdeg iyo warmodgenili meore proeqti, ar vici damtkicebuli iyo
Tu ara es damfuZnebel krebis mier, rom pasuxis mgebeli ministrebi
rac SeiZleba naklebi iyos da mTel marTva-gamgeoba dayofili iyos

573
departamentebad, romelTa saTaveSi iqnebian mcodne pirebi. da Tu
ministrebi xSirad gamoicvlebian, es mcodne pirebi, romelnic de­
partamentis saTaveSi arian, TavianT adgilebze darCebian da praq­
tikul muSaobas xelmZRvanelobas gauweven. ese iyo, rodesac Sesdga
damfuZnebel krebis mier arCeuli mTavroba xuTi ministridan. es erT­
gvari sistema iyo, magram exla daiSala da Cven areuli gvaqvs erT­
maneTSi, rogorc saministroebis, ise departamentebis sistema. axal
departamentis daarsebas kidev meti arev-dareva Seaqvs saqmeSi. ase
gagrZeleba yovlad SeuZlebelia.
Tavmjdomare. sityva momxsenebels ekuTvnis.
iv. gomarTeli. (s.-d.) deputatma lorTqifaniZem ganacxada, kanon-­
proeqti unda gadaeces janmrTelobis komisiaso. me mogaxsenebT, rom
janmrTelobis komisiaSi ukve ganixiles es kanon-proeqti. komisiam
aswon-daswona da saWirod dainaxa, rom kanon-proeqti am saxiT, ra
saxiTac warmodgenili gaxlavT, iyos gatarebuli cxovrebaSi. rac Se­
exeba imas, rom Sinagan-saqmeTa saministro saeqimo-sasanitaro saqmes
ver uvlida da am dargSi araferi gaukeTebia, unda mogaxsenoT, rom
erTbaSad bevri ramis gakeTeba Znelia da dRemdis arc erT dargSi
Zalian didi ram ar gakeTebula _ es xangrZlivi procesi aris, magram
Tu ram gakeTda janmrTelobos saqmeSi, gakeTda Sinagan-saqmeTa samin­
istros wyalobiT, isev misi mecadineobiT da Tval-yuris devniT.
mxolod TviT Sinagan-saqmeTa ministri mogaxsenebT, rom me am saqmes
jerovnad ver mouvlio, imas sakuTari patroni sWiriao da amisTvis
iTxovs, rom daarsebuli iyos calke departamenti. magram me ver gav­
ige b. lorTqifaniZis sityvebidan: Tqven TxoulobT damoukidebeli
iyos es departamentio da Tan SeiZleba saministroc iyoso. maSasa­
dame Tqven ara gaqvT gadawyvetili saministro iyos departamenti. aq
Sinagan-saqmeTa ministris ganmartebiT baraTSi aris, rom es depar­
tamenti iqneba sruliad damoukidebeli Tavis farglebSi, sruliad
damoukideblad awarmoebs saqmes. Tavis-Tavad cxadia, rom dRemdis
Sinagan-saqmeTa ministri ar uSlida xels am saqmis gatarebas, piriqiT
xelsac uwyobda, SemdegSic, rodesac am saqmes saTaveSi moeqcevian
eqimi-specialistebi da mTeli es saqme iqneba Tavmoyrili erT centra­
lur dawesebulebaSi, cxadia, rom am saministros arc erTi nabiji am
saqmis damabrkolebeli ar iqneba. warmoidgineT, vTqvaT aris kidec
calke saministro da es saeqimo-sasanitaro saministro daimuSavebs
sxva da sxva xasiaTis debulebebs, romlebis cxovrebaSi gatareba saW­
iro aris. vin unda gaataros es? Tavis-Tavad cxadia, rom TiTon Tav­
isi Zal-RoniT is saministro ver gaatarebs. unda gaataros cxovre­
baSi isev Sinagan-saqmeTa saministrom, radgan Sesaferi aparati mas
xelSi aqvs, ise rom, Tundac calke saministrod gamovyoT, mas mainc
metad mWidro kavSiri eqneba Sinagan-saqmeTa saministrosTan. da Tu
es kavSiri iqneba departamentis saxiT _ janmrTelobis da sabiuje­
to komisiis azric is aris, rom amiT araferi ar daSavdeba da, maSa­

574
sadame, sakmarisi aris, rom es departamentis saxiT Sinagan-saqmeTa
saministrosTan iyos SeerTebuli. piradad me praqtikulad uyureb am
sakiTxs. xSirad laparakoben da bevrjer iyo aq tribunidan naTqva­
mi, rom inglisSi dawerili konstitucia ar aris, TviT cxovrebaSia
praqtikulad gatarebulio. Cemis azriT Semcdari Sexeduleba iqneba,
rom yoveli sakiTxi Teoriulad gamovWraT, moutanoT cxovrebas da
uTxraT, rom ginda Tu ara amaSi Caetio. jer-jerobiT Cven praqtikul
aRmSeneblobis gzaze vdegavrT, Teoria kargi aris, magram praqtikac
kargi da erTmaneTs unda SeufardoT. TeoriaSi unda gaswordes is,
rasac praqtika ar iRebs, praqtikaSi unda gaswordes is, rasac Teo­
ria ar miiRebs. am gzas rom davadgebiT, cxovreba TviT gvikarnaxebs
Semdeg ra nabiji gadavdgaT da rogor movawyoT es saqme. Tu cxovreba
gviCvenebs, rom calke saministro aris saWiro, maSin SesaZlebelia es
sakiTxi gadasinjuli iyos.
yovel SemTxvevaSi dRevandel pirobebSi, rodesac es saqme metad
awewil-dawewili gaxlavT, departamenti rom daarsdes, daarsdeba
damoukidebeli, avtonomiuri, mxolod SeerTebuli Sinagan-saqme­
Ta saministrosTan. Sinagan-saqmeTa saministro am saqmes mouvlis da
jerovan yuradRebas miaqcevs. rac Seexeba rkinis gzis saeqimo-sasan­
itaro saqmes da jars, aq debuleba gaxlavT warmodgenili, rom de­
partaments aqvs Semdegi ganyofilebebi: qalaqebi, erobebi, jari,
sakurorto da sarkinigzo.
sakurorto nawils aqvs ori mxare: iq aris sameurneo da wminda
saeqimo mxare. saeqimo sasanitaro saqme iqneba am departamentis xelSi
da rac sameurneo saqmeebi iqneba _ es miwad-moqmedebis saministros xe­
lSi iqneba. amiT araferi daSavdeba, mxolod saqme gakeTdeba. rac Se­
exeba samxedro gospitlebis gadacemas erobebze da TviTmmarTvelo­
bebze _ es gadawyvetili gaxlavT. magram dameTanxmeT, rom samxedro
saeqimo-sasanitaro nawili aris iseTi dargi, romelic Cemis fiqriT,
SeuZlebelia gamoeyos samxedro uwyebas da gadaeces erobas.
ai, magaliTad, saomari mdgomareoba gaxlavT brZolis velze. iq
Tu Tavis specialuri dawesebuleba ar iqneba, eroba da TviTmmarT­
veloba am dargs ver gauZRveba. warmoidgineT is mdgomareoba, rom
mamisonis uReltexilze brZola aris. iq aris saWiro saavadmyofos
gaxsna, daWrilTa gadayvan-gadmoyvana. aq saWiroa specialisti eqime­
bi da amas jer-jerobiT TviTmmarTvelobebi ver SesZleben. am dargSi
jarisaTvis datovebulia saeqimo-sasanitaro saqme, danarCeni ki mo­
Sorebulia da gadaeca erobasa da TviTmmarTvelobebs.
rac Seexeba rkinis gzis saeqimo-sasanitaro saqmes, aqac es saqme
principialurad gadaeca erobebs da TviTmmarTvelobebs. magram
jer-jerobiT eroba TiTon imdenad norCia, iseTi bevri saqmiT aris
datvirTuli, rom amas verc Tqven uaryofT, is jer ver mouvlis. amis
xelmZRvaneloba departamentis xelSi iqneba. Semdeg da Semdeg Cven
vambobT, rom esec unda iyos erobis da TviTmmarTvelobis xelSi.

575
 rac Seexeba universitets _ arc uwyeba da arc Sinagan-saqmeTa
saministro ar uaryofs, rom am dargSi universitetze bevrs imeds
vamyarebT. sanitaruli instituti daarsebulia da SekavSirebuli
aris universitetTan.
Tavmjdomare. daasruleT? zogadi msjeloba dasrulebuli gax­
lavT. ori winadadeba gaxlavT, erTi komisiisa da meore lorTqi­
faniZisa. vin aris momxre, rom es kanoni-proeqti moixsnas da gadaeces
janmrTelobis komisias gadasasinjavad? es winadadeba uaryofilia.
miRebuli gaxlavT pirveli winadadeba. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis b. im­
naiSvils ekuTvnis sityva.

6. kanon-proeqti _ saqarTvelos sxva da sxva kulturul

dawesebulebaTa qonebis gasaZliereblad da moRvaweTa
daxmarebisaTvis bileTebis dabegvrisa.

n. imnaiSvili. (s.-d.) CvenSi mravalia sxva da sxva kulturul-gan­

manaTlebeli sazogadoeba; am sazogadoebebs wminda kulturuli
miznebi aqvT dasaxuli. maTi moRvaweoba imis gamo, rom saTanado sax­
sari ara aqvT, Zalian brkoldeba. amitom isini xSirad mimarTaven
xolme SuamdgomlobiT saxalxo ganaTlebis saministros da sax. gan.
komisiasac, rom maT miecaT am saerTo kulturul asparezze samoR­
vaweod raime daxmareba. aseTive SuamdgomlobiT mimarTaven am dawe­
sebulebebs _ saministros da komisias _ kerZo pirebic, damsaxurebu­
li moRvaweebi, literatorebi, mwerlebi da xelovnebis sxva da sxva
asparezze momuSaveni, moxucebulebi, romlebsac saxsari arc aqvT cx­
ovrebisa da iTxoven daxmarebas. ai, amitom gasul wels, Semodgomaze,
warmoiSva idea, rom amaT dasaxmareblad Seqmnili iyo gansakuTrebu­
li fondi, vinaidan arc saxalxo ganaTlebis saministros da arc dam­
fuZnebeli krebis ganaTlebis komisias araviTari aseTi gansakuTre­
buli Tanxa ara aqvs da arca hqonia. es idea warmoiSva am moRvaweTa
dasaxmareblad, maTi muSaobis gasaadvileblad Seiqmnas gansakuTre­
buli fondi saxalxo ganaTlebis saministrosTan. saxalxo ganaTlebis
ministris xelSi iqneboda Tanxa, rolidganac am pirebs da dawese­
bulebebs gansazRvrul SemTxvevaSi saTanado daxmareba gaeweodaT. am
miznis gansaxorcieleblad SemuSavda kanon-proeqti, romelic axla
aris warmodgenili Tqvens winaSe. maSin, samwuxarod, ar iqna es miRe­
buli. maSin Cven miviReT proeqti gadadebuliyo am miznisaTvis erT­
droulad erTi milioni maneTi. is proeqti, romelic warmodgenilia
exla, iqneba safuZveli, romelic Seqmnis mudmiv fonds. es fondi unda
Seiqmnas bileTebis dabegvriT, daibegreba bileTebi kinematografi­
sa, cirkisa, koncertisa, operisa da dramisa. aqedgan Semosili Tanxa
daaxlovebiT navaraudevi aris weliwadSi 10 milioni maneTi. es iqneba

576
specialuri Tanxa saxalxo ganaTlebis ministris gankargulebaSi da
aqedan moTxovnilebis da gvarad gaicema daxmareba. wesi am daxmare­
bisa unda SeimuSaos saministrom saxelmwifo kontrolisa da finan­
sTa saministros SeTanxmebiT. uwin, Semodgomaze, rodesac es sakiTxi
idga, maSin saxalxo ganaTlebis komisiam ar miiRo zogierTi ram, rac
miRebuli iyo xelovnebis komisiaSi. maSin gatarebuli iyo azri, rom
dabegruli yofiliyo yvela bileTebi yvela gasarTobebisa, aq Sedio­
da sxvaTa Soris yvela dawesebuleba, romelic me mogaxseneT. saxalxo
ganaTlebis komisiam maSin gamotova opera, drama, koncerti, rom­
lebic saerTod wminda kulturul miznebs emsaxurebian. magram xe­
lmeored dasva sakiTxi xelovnebis komisiam, xolo Semdeg ganaTlebis
komisiac im mosazrebas daadga, rom suyvelas gaeRo Tavisi wvlili am
fondis Sesaqmnelad, im klubebsac ki, romlebsac Cven uwodebT muSaTa
klubebs, raTa demokratiasac gaeRo Tavisi wvlili. saxalxo ganaT­
lebis komisiam miiRo es principi savsebiT da amitom gadawyvetili
aris, rom dabegvrili iyos suyvela gasarTobebis bileTebi. gamo­
tovebuli aris mxolod leqciebis bileTebi, saxalxo ganaTlebis
komisiam miiRo es proeqti da amas daeTanxma sabiujeto komisiac. (xma:
umciresobis azri?). iyo umciresobis azric.
bileTebi unda iyos dabegvrili amgvaraT: magal. 5 maneTad Rire­
buli bileTi ganTavisuflebuli aris sruliad dabegvrisagan. rac
Seexeba erTdroul Sesasvlel bileTebs, isini dabegvrili unda iyos
ai am normebis mixedviT. (kiTxulobs). rac Seexeba muSaTa klubis Ses­
asvlel erTdrouli bileTebs _ maT Sesaxeb gansakuTrebuli muxli
aris da mcire norma aris miRebuli. magaliTad Tu aseTi klubi pro­
fesionaluri kavSiris mier cnobili aris _ iq Sesasvleli bileTi
dabegvrilia erTi man. sezonis bileTi ki 5 maneTiT. unda mogaxsenoT,
rom saerTod am bileTebis dabegvris Sesaxeb uwin arsebobda kanonebi
da am kanoniT parlamentis mier miRebuli 1918 wels, noembers da meo­
re Zveli kanoni miRebuli 1915 wels, noemberis 22 da mis Sesacvlelad
parlamentis mier gamocemuli kanoni _ yvela es gauqmebuli unda iyos.
saxalxo ganaTlebis komisias miaCnia saWirod da amaSi mas sabiu­
jeto komisiac daeTanxma, rom aseTi fondi aucileblad Seiqmnes, rom
marTlac iseT dawesebulebiT, rogoric aris saxalxo universiteti,
romelic rogorc qalaqSi, ise provinciaSi did gaWirvebas ganicdis _
raime daxmareba qondeT, raTa maT gaagrZelon moRvaweoba kulturul
niadagze. agreTve am fondidan aRmouCenT daxmarebis im damsaxure­
bul moRvaweT, romlebic did materialur usaxsrobas ganicdian.
Tavmjdomare. sityvas xom aravin inebebT zogadi msjelobisaTvis?
msurveli aravin aris. Tu aris vinme winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxil­
visa? winaaRmdegi aravin aris da saTanado drois Semdeg moxsendeba
damfuZnebel krebas muxlobriv. gTxovT moaxsenoT Semdegi sakiTxi;
momxsenebeli isev Tqven brZandebiT.

577
 7. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa
saqarTvelos fizikuri observatoriis daarsebis Sesaxeb.

n. imnaiSvili. (momxsenebeli). saxalxo ganaTlebis uwyebaSi arc

erTi dawesebuleba ar aris, romlis Stati da xarjT-aRricxva ukve
ar iyos miRebuli da damtkicebuli damfuZnebel krebis mier. aris
mxolod erTi dawesebuleba, fizikuri observatoria, romlis Sta­
ti warmodgenili aris exla. mizezi amisa is gaxlavT, rom rodesac
SarSan warmodga Stati da xarjT-aRricxva dasamtkiceblad, amas
moyva revizia saxalxo ganaTlebis mcire komisiis mier, am reviziam
warmoSva erTi sakiTxi: vis uSualo zeda mxedvelobis qveS unda iyos
fizikuri observatoria? unda darCes, rogorc dRemde, saxalxo
ganaTlebis ministris gankargulebaSi, Tu is unda gadaeces saxelm­
wifo universitets? maSin es sakiTxi gadawyda im mxriv, rom radgan
es dawesebuleba wminda mecnieruli dawesebuleba aris da mecnierul
miznebs emsaxureba _ igi unda gadaeces saxelmwifo universitets,
fiziko-maTematikur fakultetTan: maSin am ganyofilebis uSualo
zedamxedveli unda yofiliyo universiteti am fakultetis saxiT.
Semdeg am saqmis mosagvareblad da gadasawyvetaT mowveulni iyvnen
universitetis profesorTa sabWos warmomadgenelni, rom maTTan
erTad SemuSavebuliyo debuleba am principis mixedviT. magram uwye­
ba im mosazrebas daadga, rom universiteti Zlier datvirTulia da
observatoriis saqmianobas ise saTanadoT ver gauZRveba da rodesac
komisiam es xelmeoreT ganixila, daeTanxma uwyebis mosazrebas. igi
gaecno universitetis muSaobas, dainaxa, rom igi Zalian datvirTuli
aris, saTanado specialistebic ara yavs da am mosazrebiT daadgina,
rom jer-jerobiT fizikuri observatoria darCes pirdapir saxalxo
ganaTlebis zedamxedvelobis qveS da mis gankargulebaSi. es proeqti
da komisiis dadgenileba, romelic warmodgenili aris axla _ aris
sworeT im principze aSenebuli, rom fizikuri observatoria imy­
ofebodes ise, rogorc aqamdi iyo, saxalxo ganaTlebis saministros
zedamxedvelobis qveS.
rac Seexeba universitetsa da sxva samecniero dawesebule­
baT _ saxalxo ganaTlebis komisiis mier Semotanilia SesworebiTi
debuleba, rom maT saSvaleba aqvT isargeblon mecnieruli miznebi­
saTvis observatoriis yvela ganyofilebiT. debulebaSi aris Set­
anili saTanado muxli, romelic aZlevs am uflebas universitets da
avalebs observatoriis direqtors, rom kerZo pirebic ki, romlebic
mecnieruli mizniT muSaoben, dauSvas observatoriaSi samuSaoT.
rac Seexeba TviT Statsa da xarjT-aRricxvas _ unda mogaxsenoT, rom
observatoriaSi Stati axlac Semcirebuli aris, vinaidan observa­
toriis muSaobis asparezi erTnairaT Seviwroebuli aris. Tu magal.
winaT, jer kidev maSin, roca saqarTvelo Tavis sazRvrebSi damou­
kideblad ar arsebobda, iyo TiTqmis 200 meteorologiuri sadguri

578
_ dRes Semcirebuli aris es qseli da iseTi didi ar aris, rogorc
uwin, vinaidan am observatoriis gamgeobis qveS iyo yvela sadguri,
Crdilo kavkasiisa, azerbaijanisa da somxeTis. ai am niadagze Semcir­
da Semdeg 74-dan 46-mde.
fizikur observatorias aqvs respublikaSi umTavresad 3 didi gan­
yofileba: 1-li meteorologiuri qselis ganyofileba, me-2 _ seismuri
ganyofileba da me-3 _ magnitur movlenaTa gamomkvlevi ganyofileba,
romelic moTavsebuli aris mcxeTasTan axlos. unda mogaxsenoT, rom
yvela es ganyofileba da maTSi moTavsebuli mowyobileba iSviaT rames
warmoadgens. amaSi darwmunda mcire komisia, rodesac revizias akeTeb­
da saTanado specialistebis TanamSromlobiT da TanaSemweobiT wasul
wels. es aris iSviaTi ganZi Cveni respublikisa, romelic ar SeiZleba
fulze dafasdes. Tu ar vcdebi, im mTavar pavlovskis observatoriis
Semdeg, romelic pirveli iyo nikolozis dros, im observatoriis So­
ris es meore unda iyos. unda vsTqva, rom observatoriis muSaoba ver
midioda ise, rogorc unda yofiliyo dayenebuli. jer erTi, imitom,
rom damoukideblobis Semdeg kargma specialistebma miatoves obser­
vatoria da wavidnen ruseTSi, ai magal. direqtori da Semdeg, raki
saTanado pirebi aRar darCen _ muSaoba observatoriaSi CamoqveiTda.
magram reviziis Semdeg muSaoba saTanado simaRleze aris dayenebuli
yvela dargSi. aris magal. seismuri sadguri borjomSi, agreTve gor­
Si; aris asamdi meteorologiuri sadguri, romelic sistematiuraT
awvdis meteorologiur cnobebs am observatorias. rac Seexeba kanons
_ iqac aseTi ganyofileba arsebobs, romelsac saTaveSi specialistebi
udgas am saqmeSi. rac Seexeba xarjT-aRricxvas, is warmodgenili aris
SemdegnairaT: pirveli exeba wminda samecniero xarjebs; es aris sad­
gurebis Semosavali, sxvadasxva xelsawyo da iaraRebis SeZena-SekeTe­
ba, _ haerologiuri da seismuri gamokvlevis warmoeba, biblioTekis
Sevseba, vinaidan am 3 wlis winaT arc erTi mniSvnelovani, TiTqmis,
gamokvleva ar SeuZenia, radgan mowyvetili viyaviT dasavleT evropas;
Semdeg, eqspediciebis mowyoba _ sxvadasxva adgilebis gamokvleviT.
Semdeg, xarjT-aRricxva, romelic qaRaldis SeZenas TviT mweralTaT­
vis. es fotografiuli qaRaldia da Zalian Zviri Rirs, radgan iSvia­
Tia. es seismuri gamokvlevisaTvis aris da amisaTvis sagangebo Tanxa
aris saWiro. aseTi sagangebo aris gamowerili. es Tanxa, unda mogax­
senoT, cota ar aris, vinaidan igi Zalian ZviraT Rirs; Semdeg dak­
virvebaTa gamocema da beWdva, da beWvdis xarji, TavisTavad cxadia,
es xarjT-aRricxva warmodgenili iyo gazafxulze da Seexeba warsul
sabiujeto wels. SeiZleba es xarji gadidebuli iqna masalebis mas Sem­
deg gaZvirebis gamo, magram gasul wlisas mainc ar aRemateba.
Semdeg gaxlavT sameurneo da sakancelario xarjebi: aq aris um­
Tavresad naangariSebi mTavari dawesebulebis Senaxva da Semdeg mcxe­
Tisa, ksanis sadgurebis Senaxva _ iq aris sxvaTa Soris specialuri sad­
guri eleqtronisa _ da Semdeg borjomis seismuri sadguris Senaxva.

579
 es xarjT-aRricxva gamoTxouli aris 1-l martidan 1-l ivnisamdi.
exla TviTon Statebis Sesaxeb mogaxsenebT ori ganyofilebis gamge,
am Tanamdebobis pirebs iseTive jamagiri aqvT da iseTive pirobebSi
arian, rogorc sxva dawesebulebis mosamsaxureni. momatebis mxrivac
maTi mdgomareoba iseTivea, rogorc sxvebis, sxvaTa Soris, maTzedac
unda gavrceldes ukanaskneli, Tebervlis momatebac. aseTi gaxlavT
mdgomareoba fizikur observatoriisa da is proeqti, romelic war­
modgenili aris Tqvens winaSe.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi ganxilvisaTvis? vin aris
winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvaze gadavideT? winaaRmdegi aravin
aris da muxlobrivi ganxilva moxdeba saTanado vadis gasvlis Semdeg.
Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva b. Sengelaias ekuTvnis.

8. socialist-revoliucionerTa fraqciis SekiTxva

mTavrobisadmi borCalos mazris administraciis
TviTnebobis da ukanonoT moqmedebis Sesaxeb.

l. Sengelaia. (s.-r.) moqalaqeno, damfuZnebel krebis wevrno!

ru­seTis TviTmpyrobel biurokratias, rogorc mogexsenebaT, sxva
defeqtebTan da codvebTan erTad sWirda erTi saSineli seni. misi beci
da uvargisi politika centrSi, aTjer uvargisi iyo ganapira olqeb­
Si. am olqis mosaxleoba mis TvalSi sxva jiSis xalxi iyo, romlisaT­
vis gansakuTrebuli zomebis da gansakuTrebuli kanonebis miReba iyo
saWiro. sxvadaxva institutebi da reformebi, romelic centrSi iyo
gatarebuli, ganapira olqebisaTvis sanatreli iyo. xolo yovelive
is, rac centrSi dromoWmuli, ugulo, usulo da uxeSi oyo, kaliasav­
iT exveoda ganapira olqebs, sjijgnida mis sxeuls, amaxinjebda mis
saxes. da Tu ruseTi daingra da mas ganapira olqebi Camoscilda, amis
umTavresi mizezi is politika iyo, xolo bolSevikuri gadatrialeba
ki ubralo sababi.
Cveni demokratia ar SeiZleba am gzas daadges, radgan es daRupavda
Cvens qveyanas, Cveni demokratiis mxriT es uaryofa iqneboda Tavis-Ta­
visa, da Tu romelime Cven olqebSi xdeba restavracia Zveli biuro­
kratiis politikisa, Cven movaleni varT, rom Tu aseTi anomaliuri
mdgomareoba gagrZelda iq, Cveni respublika ver ascildeba udides
safrTxes, xolo Cveni demokratia ver acildeba udides sircxvils!
es aris erTad erTi mizezi, romelmac Semogvatania SekiTxva bor­
Calos mazris Sesaxeb. borCalos mazris Sesaxeb ara erTi werili dai­
beWda Cvens gazeTebSi. iq iyo xaz-gasmiT aRniSnuli, rom borCalos
mazris upasuxismgeblo moRvaweebs igi miyavs ufskrulisaken. me ori­
ode magaliTs moviyvan imisa, rom yovelive is Cven mier moyvanili
ubralo sityva ki ar aris, aramed mware sinamdvilea.

580
 erTi aseTi werili, romelic exeba borCalos mazras daibeWda
„borba“-Si warsuli wlis 15 maisis nomerSi. werili exeboda bor­
Calos mazras da walkis raions da gansakuTrebul yuradRebas aqcevs
swavla ganaTlebis, skolebis mdgomareobis sakiTxs da sxvaTa Soris
ambobs Semdegs: garda 3-4 skolisa, arc erTSi swavla aRar yofila.
(l. naTaZe adgilidan: SarSan!) magram dResac asea! sul oriode sko­
la muSaobs, danarCeni skolebi daxurulia, gadaqceulia duqnebad
da iq aRvir-waxsnili spekuliacia swarmoebs da amas xels uwyobs
adgilobriv skolis inspeqtori da administratorebi. spekuliacia
swarmoebs maswavleblebis da inspeqtorebis mier. windawin inspeqto­
ri zogierT maswavlebelT jamagirs aZlevda, maswavleblebi modi­
oden aq, tfilisSi, yidulobden sxva da sxva saqonels. miqondaT so­
flebSi da yiddnen _ 4-5 jer met fasebSi. danarCeni maswavleblebi
da gamgeebi 5 TveobiT jamagirs ver iReben da roca Txoulobden in­
speqtorebi eubnebodnen: jer gamowerili ar aris da am TanxiT ki am
dros spekuliacias awarmoebden. rom TqvenTvis naTeli gaxdes Tu ra
mdgomareoba iyo, me wavikiTxav zogierT adgilebs. es aris damaxasi­
aTebeli imisa, Tu rogori araCveulebrivi mdgomareoba aris iq. wer­
ilis avtori swers: (kiTxulobs). (l. naTaZe adgilidan: sisxlis wvime­
bis drois ambavia!). Semdeg aris moyvanili magaliTebic: (kiTxulobs):
„Никогда постановка учебнаго дѣла въ Цалкинских греческихъ школахъ не была
такъ неудовлетворительна, я скажу, преступна, какъ въ текущемъ учебномъ году.
Помѣщенiя нѣкоторыхъ школъ обращены въ духаны, въ которых торгуют сами же
учителя. За исключенiемъ 2-3 школахъ занятiй нигдѣ нѣть... При Гунiя Калинской
школѣ на Цалкѣ открытъ духанъ учителями Ананиковымъ и Михаиловымъ подъ
видомъ кооператива, который очень бойко торгуетъ водкой и виномъ. Semdeg
avtori im azrs gamosTqvams, rom albad mTavrobam ar icis, rac xdeba
aqao (kiTxulobs): Провительству (Мин. Нар. Прос.) не извѣстно, что дѣлается
въ Цал. греческихъ школахъ, что существуетъ мертвыя школы, которыя съ самаго
своего открытия (1½ года) числятся толко на бумагѣ, что много „мертвых“ учителей
которые получаютъ жалованiе, не зная въ какомъ училищѣ они числятся. esea
warsuli wlis 15 maisidan. sul am ukanasaknel xans walkis da saer­
Tod borCalos Sesaxeb vrceli werili iyo gazeT „kldeSi“. am weril­
ma didi aliaqoTi gamoiwvia walkis soc.-dem. wreebSi da protestebi
„borbis“ furclebze. aq CamoTvlili aris yvela soc.-dem. moRvaweebi
da wamoyenebuli aris mTeli rigi braldebaTa, moyvanilia faqtebi.
amas mTavrobam yuradReba ar miaqcia da es ukmayofilebas iwvevs mTel
mazraSi. sxvaTa Soris, kavkasiZis winaaRmdeg konkretiuli braldebe­
bi aris warmoyenebuli, rom igi mosamsaxureTa daxmarebis firmis da
Sirmis qveS spekuliacias awarmoebda. mas moqonda mosamsaxureebisaT­
vis 10 fuTi karaqi da 20 fuTi yveli. Tqven kargaT mogexsenebaT, rom
exla yveli didxans ar Seinaxeba, waxdeba da amitom gamgeobis mosam­
saxureebi unda yofiliyvnen mTeli polki, rom amdeni yveli SeeWamaT.

581
miuxedavaT amisa, mas miqonda amdeni yveli, radgan am firmiT ufro
advili aris spekuliaciis warmoeba.
Semdeg CamoTvlili aris Tu ras akeTebden borCalos mazraSi ero­
bis moRvaweebi da ras akeTeben exla. is ambobs, rom amaTi saqme aris
kombinaciebi, vaWroba da sxva. (gr. urataZe adgilidan: vis gazeTSia?).
marTalia „kldeSi“ aris, magram roca Tqven borotmoqmedebaze aris
laparaki, me „kldes“ ufro vendobi, vidre „erTobas“.
vidre aseTi cnobebi gazeTebSi daibeWdeboda, Cven didi xania
gvqonda sabuTebi im ukanono moqmedebis Sesaxeb, romelic xdeboda
adgilobriv soc.-dem. moRvaweTa da organizaciis mier. Cven maSinaTve
ar Semogvitania es SekiTxva. Cven mivmarTeT Cveulebriv gzas. gvqonda
amis Sesaxeb laparaki Sinagan-saqmeTa ministrTan, movaxseneT zogier­
Ti faqtebi da vfiqrobdiT, rom is gamoiyvanda daskvnas, rom zome­
bis miReba aris saWiro. magram aqedan araferi ar gamovida. Semdeg
Jordanias gaukeTeT vrceli moxseneba im borot-moqmedebis Sesaxeb,
romelic xdeba borCalos mazraSi, romelic ase saxifaToa Cveni res­
publikis mdgomareobisaTvis, da vfiqrobdiT, rom is mainc miiRebda
zomebs, magram aqedanac araferi ar gamovida. amis Semdeg Cven iZule­
buli viyaviT aq gamogvetana es faqtebi.
Cvens SekiTxvaSi, batonebo, aris sami sakiTxi. erTi exeba ad­
ministraciis TviTnebobas, mis ukanono moqmedebas; meore _ walkis
raionis social-demokratiul biuros moqmedebas, romelic ereva
administraciis saqmeebSi da iTvisebs administraciis da sasamar­
Tlos funqciebs, da mesame sakiTxi gaxlavT sul axali faqti general-­
gubernatoris b. sulaqveliZis mier Tavisi gankargulebiT, me vityo­
di, garekva borCalos mazris mesame saerobo yrilobisa.
Tqven iciT, batonebo, rom Cveni administracia mTels respub­
likaSi Tavisi daniSnulebis simaRleze ar sdgas da arc idga. is em­
saxureba ara wesierebis dacvas, aramed TviTnebobis gamefebas CvenSi.
is sruliad upasuxismgebloa, xolo upasuxismgebloba Tu sazianoa
CvenTvis saerTod, is asjer ufro sazianoa borCalos mazraSi, rome­
lic aris mosazRvre da dasaxlebulia ara-qarTvelebiT.
administraciiis TviTneboba iq saarako rames warmoadgens. Tqven
ver daasaxelebT verc erT danaSaulobas, verc erT borot-moqmede­
bas, romelsac aq ar idendnen administraciis warmomadgenelni. qrTa­
mis aReba, borot-moqmedis ganTavisufleba da sxva iq Cveulebrivi
movlenaa!
me moviyvan zogierT magaliTebs mxolod, vinaidan Cven auarebe­
li sabuTebi gvaqvs da, ra Tqma unda, ar SemiZlian yvela am sabuTebiT
visargeblo; albad, roca kamaTi gaimarTeba, maSin visargebleb am
sabuTebiT.
exla moviyvan mxolod zogierT faqtebs. magaliTad, walkis
raionSi iyo vaJbatoni vinme goSua, romelic sruliad usabuTod
eqceoda moqalaqeebs da cixeSi hyrida. scemda, styepda, fiziku­

582
rad anadgurebda moqalaqeebs. (xma adgilidan: gadayenebuli da pa­
suxisgebaSia micemuli!). gadasayenebeli da dasatusaRebeli bevrni
arian da Cveni SekiTxvis azri swored is aris, rom yvela damnaSave­
ni daatusaRon. da Tu yvelas daatusaReben, maSin iq arc erTi so­
cial-demokrati Tavisufali aRar darCeba. (urataZe: es erebi darCe­
bian?!). am vaJbatonma ise garozga erTi moqalaqe grigol pozovi, rom
garozgvisagan is mokvda.
es icis mTavrobam, administraciis inspeqtorma, magram amis sawi­
naaRmdego zomebi Cvens mTavrobas ar miuRia. rom administracia iq,
marTlac, sruliad gaxrwnilia, amas adasturebs, sxvaTa Soris, elin­
Ta meore yriloba q. TbilisSi. aq iyo moyvanili auarebeli faqtebi
administraciis sxva da sxva borot-moqmedebis Sesaxeb.
sxvaTa Soris, elinTa meore yrilobam miiRo Semdegi rezoli­
ucia, is adasturebs, rom marTlac gansakuTrebul mdgomareobaSi
imyofeba borCalos mazra, rom autanelia mcxovrebTa mdgomareoba
da Txovs damfuZnebel krebas da mTavrobas, miiRon zomebi.
is ambobs: Cven mTeli Cveni arsebiT mxars uWerT saqarTvelos
demokratiul respublikas da ar gvinda vimyofebodeT gansakuTre­
bul pirobebSi, Cven gvinda viyoT iseT pirobebSi, ra pirobebSiac
arian respublikis sxva moqalaqeni. gvixseniT administraciis TviT­
nebobisgano! es aris mTeli eris, elinTa meore yrilobis mier ga­
motanili rezoliucia da vfiqrob, sruliad obieqturi aris. (kiT­
xulobs rezoliucias). es rezoliucia mimarTuli aris mTavrobis
Tavmjdomarisadmi, magram, Cvenda samwuxarod, miuxedavad imisa,
rom es koleqtiuri Txovna aris, mimarTva mTeli erisa, araviTari
yuradReba ar iqna moqceuli am mxareze da is borot-moqmedeba, ro­
melsac eweoda iq administracia, iq dResac grZeldeba.
Tu rogor formaSi gamoixateba da ra saxe miiRo am borot-moq­
medebam, amas adasturebs is oficialuri dokumenti, romelic war­
moadgens borCalos mazris saerobo yrilobis azrs. erobis xmosnebi,
rom Seikribnen, airCies sarevizio komisia, romelmac gaakeTa reviz­
ia erobis sx. da sx. ganyofilebaSi. ai rogor aris iq daxasiaTebuli
administracia: „Взяточничество пустило глубокiе корни во всемъ уѣздѣ. Всѣ
назначенiя админ. лицъ производились по рекомендацiямъ, при чемъ всѣ почти
оказывались одинъ хуже другого. Почти всѣ они проворовались. Взятки берутъ
всѣ и повсюду“. da yovel aseT SemTxvevaSi im damnaSve pirT, romel­
nic unda samarTalSi miecaT da daeWiraT, saukeTeso adgilebs aZle­
vdnen, awinaurebdnen, rogorc es sCveviaT soc.-demokratebs, aseTia
zogierTi faqtebi administraciis moRvaweobis Sesaxeb.
Cveni SekiTxvis meore sakiTxi exeba social-demokratiul parti­
ul biuris moqmedebas. ra Tqma unda, ramdenad romelime organizacia
Tavis gansazRvrul partiul saqmes awarmoebs, imdenad Cven masTan
saqme ara gvaqvs, is Tavisufalia Tavis moqmedebaSi. magram ramdenad­
ac esa Tu is partiuli organizacia ereva administraciis da sasamar­

583
Talos saqmeebSi, Cven es dauSveblad migvaCnia. TviT is garemoeba, rom
ce-ka ereva saxelmwifo saqmeebSi da faqtiurad ganagebs mas, aRSfo­
Tebas iwvevs CvenSi da zogierT social-demokratiaSic ki. magram yov­
el SemTxvevaSi iq ase Tu ise cnobili moRvaweebi arian, mara ra unda
movTxovoT im xalxs, romelnic gadavardnila borCalos mazraSi, imaT
vinc cnobilni arian, rogorc borot-­moqmedni?!
walkis raionis s.-dem. biuro sistematiurad ereoda yovel saqmeeb­
Si, rogorc administraciis, ise sasamarTlos saqmeebSi. iq faqtiurad
mTeli Zala-ufleba aris am biuros xelSi. da ai, es biuro ras akeTebs
iq, me maqvs Camowerili sisxlis samarTlis braldeba am biuros wevre­
bis winaaRmdeg. amas xels aweren iqauri moqalaqeni. (xma adgilidan:
vin arian?). wagikiTxavT roca saWiro iqneba, me sabuTebi maqvs, Tqveni
komisrebis mier beWed-dasmuli. ai, batonebo, ras sCadis es biuro.
biuros hqonda sajaro sxdomebi. ikribebodnen erT-erT duqanSi,
vinme konstantine sarievis duqanSi da iq arCevdnen samosamarTlo
saqmeebs. magaliTad, vinmem moipara cxvari, erTs dasjidnen, meores
miakuTvnebdnen. da mTeli procesi gaTavdeboda miT, rom yvela im msa­
julebs dahpatiJebdnen duqanSi da vaxSams an sadils gaumarTavdnen.
aq aris CamoTvlili is pirebi, biuros wevrebi mazmanovi... romel­
Tac hbraldebaT sisxlis samarTlis danaSauli, sxvaTa Soris isic,
rom amerikis komitets, romelic daxmarebas uwevda damSeulT da ro­
melmac gagzavna ramdenime tomari fqvili sofelSi, gzaze dauxvdnen,
dacema moawyes biuros zogierTma wevrebma, waarTves es ramdenime
tomara fqvili da miiTvises. igive biuros wevrebi xSirad ase iqceod­
nen. mividodnen moqalaqesTan da etyodnen: Sen ueWvelad dagiWerT,
SeSindeboda es piri, etyodnen, Cven mogixerxebTo, aiRebdnen qrTams,
mag. cxvars, Zroxas, fuls da gaanTavisuflebdnen moqalaqes. da es
dResac grZeldeba. ise gakadnierdnen isini, rom rodesac gamomZie­
belma daibara erTi maTgani mowmed, dabrunebis Semdeg uTxra imas,
visac mopares: Sens saqmeze viyav, dro damekarga da amitom unda momce
rameo da gamoarTva 600 maneTi.
biuros wevrebs undaT ara marto faqtiurad, aramed formalu­
radac moqceodnen samazro saqmeebs saTaveSi, rom maT winadadebac ki
misces komisars, rom Cven gvqonda aq saiurist-konsulto gaexsnaTo, e.
i. TviTon apatimrebden xalxs da TviTonve undaT rCeva miscen, rogor
gaanTavisuflon.
soc.-demok. biuros wevrma petre ioanidim miiTvisa kooperativi
„помощь“, man miiTvisa sazogado miwa beStaSenSi.
biuros wevrs qsenafont mazmanovs TrialeTis komisarma ofi­
cialurad misca winadadeba, rom is ar Caerios administraciis saq­
meebSi, magram is ganagrZobda Carevas, is Tavis Tavs uwodebda walkis
soc.-dem. biuros warmomadgenels.
sof. beStaSenSi komisrad sazogadoebis mier samjer iyo arCeuli
moqalaqe nikoloz abuSevi, is ar daamtkices, radganac mis winaaRmde­

584
gi iyo social-demokratiuli biuro. me xelT maqvs biuros mier gag­
zavnili depeSa abuSevis Sesaxeb.
depeSa gagzavnilia beStaSenidan #31, miRebulia 9 noembers. gag­
zavnilia b. kavkasiZes saxelze. ai Sinaarsi: ,,Цалкинское раiонное бюро
партiи Соц.-дем. Постановило просить васъ объ удаленiи Абушева съ должности
общественнаго комитета, а также и писмоводителя и вручить таковую бывшему
комиссару Iоаниди.
Предсъдатель бюро Iоаниди, членъ Чагуловъ“.
ai rogor moRvaweobda social-demokratiuli biuro!
ukanasknel xanebSi iq Seikriba saerobo yriloba. is Seudga Ta­
vis movaleobas. moaxdina revizia, romelic saskandalo aris so­
cial-demokratebisaTvis da ai am dros es yriloba gareka b. general-­
gubernatorma. marTalia, aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi samxedro wesebi
aris, magram nuTu es imas niSnavs, rom SeiZleba dausjelad elemen­
taruli demokratiuli uflebebis fexqveS gaTelva? Cven kategori­
ulad vacxadebT, rom iq araferi Cveni respublikis, Cveni mSromeli
xalxis sawinaaRmdego ar Tqmula da ar gakeTebula. yrilobis sxdome­
bi sruliad mSvidobianad mimdinareobda. mxolod erTi ram gamoir­
kva iq savsebiT, _ is, rom gamgeobis wevrebi social-demokratebi qur­
dobden da yaCaRobden, isini skandaliT unda gasuliyvnen gamgeobidan
da ai swored am dros garekes yriloba albad imisaTvis, rom gamoaS­
karavebuli boroteba raimenairad daefaraT!
aseTia, batonebo, mdgomareoba.
dasasrul me minda gavigo mTavrobisagan, icis Tu ara man yove­
live es da Tu icis, esmis Tu ara aseTi moqmedeba damRupvelia Cveni
respublikisa da mSromeli xalxisaTvis?!
Tavmjdomare. sityva ekuTvnis Sinagan-saqmeTa ministrs n. ramiS­
vils.
n. ramiSvili. (Sinag.-saq. ministri) moqalaqeno! me ara erTxel gam­
icxadebia aq da amas dResac gavimeoreb, rom yvelafers rasac sCadis
administracia sxva da sxva mazraSi ar viwoneb. sxvanairaT rom vsTq­
vaT, me arasodes ar miTqvams da arc axla vabob, rom Cveni administra­
cia sdgas iseT simaRleze, rom araviTari nakli mas ara aqvs. magram
masTan me mudam vlaparakob da axlac gavimeoreb, rom am ori wlis
ganmavlobaSi mraval adgilas Seiqmna iseTi mdgomareoba, rom ucx­
oelebi, romlebic modian CvenSi, pirdapir aRtacebaSi arian im mSvi­
dobianobiT, romelic CvenSi ganmtkicda. da es Seexeba, upirvelesaT
yovlisa, sworeT im adgilebs, sadac ufro kulturuli xalxi binad­
robs, sadac meti aris tradicia ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobisa
da sadac xalxs saSvaleba qonda _ gamoeCina unari TviTmoqmedebisa
da Semoqmedebisa. magram im adgilebSi, sadac es saSvaleba xalxs ar
qonda, sadac xalxi am TviTmoqmedebas moklebuli iyo Zveli reJimis
dros, gansakuTrebiT im raionebSi, sadac osmaluri wesebi batonobda
_ rasakvirvelia, 2 wlis ganmavlobaSi SeuZlebeli iqneboda savsebiT

585
yvela im naklis mospoba, romelic Tan sdevs aseT CamorCenil kuTxes.
vinc icis borCalos mazra, is dagveTanxmeba, rom am mazras samarTli­
anad SeiZleba vuwodoT mazra „feSqeSebisa“. es is kuTxe aris, sadac
ukanasknel dromde _ manam, sanam afrialdeboda iq droSa damoukide­
beli saqarTvelosi _ yoveli sakiTxi swydeboda iq feSqeSebiT da ara
samarTliT. da roca amisTana grZnobiT aris gamsWvaluli yvela moqa­
laqe _ saSvaleba ar gvqonda rom Sinagan-saqmeTa saministro da saer­
Tod mTavroba gamklaveboda am grZnobas da am 2 wlis ganmavlobaSi
Seeqmna iq iseTi mdgomareoba, romelSiac imyofeboda danarCeni naw­
ili Cveni respublikisa. amitom me Tavidan unda ganvacxado, rom ara­
sodes mTavroba ar emxroboda im azrs da arc dRes emxroba, TiTqos iq
administracias ar Caedinos raime borot-moqmedeba. magram gadaWriT
vacxadeb, rom mTavroba yovelTvis am borot-moqmedebis winaaRmdeg,
rodesac es damokidebuli aris mTavrobaze, iRebs usastikes zomebs.
magaliTad, erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi iq gadayenebuli iqna 17 komisari
(Sengelaia: ramdeni aris ganTavisuflebuli?), arc erTi ar iyo Sewyn­
arebuli, yvela gamomZiebels gadaeca da Tu man gaanTavisufla _ es
saqme aris ara mTavrobisa, aramed damoukidebeli sasamarTalosi. me
vambob, es faqtia da amas veravin uaryofs. sxvaTa Soris, roca erobis
gamgeobaze laparakobden, unda mogaxsenoT, rom am gamgeobis winaaRm­
deg erTi udidesi sabuTi iyo moyvanili, romelic imaSi mdgomareobs,
rom marTlac iq man ver Seqmna iseTi mdgomareoba, rom mudmiv erTi da
igive komisrebi yofiliyven da amaSi erTnairi „Rvawli“ eserebsac mi­
uZRviT (xmebi: eg Worebia!). ai, exla mogaxsenebT, „Worebia“ Tu ara. es
aris simarTle, romelic gaawiTlebs, visac sircxvilis grZnoba aqvs.
ai, magaliTebi: daviwyoT iqidan, rom maswavleblebi spekuliacias
eweodnen. es marTalia! me minda mogaxsenoT, rom yvela ganapira kuTxe­
Si marTlac SeCerebuli iyo swavla, mecadineoba. ai, magaliTad leCx­
umis mazra, SedarebiT mowinave mazra aris, magram, miuxedavad amisa,
iqac, erTi wlis wined ramdenime skola SeCerebuli iyo, fanjrebi ar
qondaT da sxv. rac Seexeba walkis raions, zogierTma maswavlebelma
skola marTlac duqnad gadaaqcia, magram yvela eseni iricxeboden so­
cialist-revoliucionerTa partiaSi... (xmebi: daasaxeleT! xmauroba).
me kargad mesmis, roca warmomadgenlebi am fraqciisa, romelsac
unda aq partiul niadags daeyrdnos, Zalian Relaven. aq saWiroa moT­
mineba, Tqven aRelvebas niadagi ar aqvs.
moiTmineT da mogaxsenebT faqtebs da gamodiT da winaaRmdegi
daamtkiceT! me vambob, rom swored is maswavleblebi, romlebic Sem­
deg gadayenebulni iyvnen... (xmauroba. xmebi: daasaxeleT?). diax, isi­
ni, romlebic spekuliacias eweodnen, iyvnen soc.-revoliucionerTa
partiis wevrebi! (xmauroba). damSviddiT! me ar mikvirs, rom social­
ist-revoliucionerTa fraqcia aq mkvdar skolebze laparakobs. me es
ar mikvirs mas Semdeg, rac erTi maTi wevri, romelic borCalos mazra­
Si gaemgzavra, saerTod daCveulia mkvdar dawesebulebaTa Seqmnas.

586
(i. lorTqifaniZe adgilidan: raSia saqme?). imitom laparakoben mkv­
dar skolebze, rom daCveulni arian mkvdar saavadmyofoebis gaxsnas.
(lorTqifaniZe adgilidan: sicruea! xmauroba). es faqtia! moiTmineT,
batono lorTqifaniZe! (xmauroba). me ara Tu vicnob, me vdevni mudam
imaT, vinc mkvdar saavadmyofos xsnis! (xmebi: daasaxeleT!). es gaxlavT
lorTqifaniZe... (xmauroba). afxazeTSi... (xmauroba. l. Sengelaia: bor­
Caloze ilaparakeT! borCaloSi ra moxda?). es faqti dakavSirebuli
aris mkvdar skolebis faqtTan.
kerZod aq moxsenebuli iyo b. goSua. es goSua gadayenebul iqm­
na komisrobidan da micemulia samarTalSi. da maSasadame, laparaki
imaze, rom zomebi ar migviRia, ar Seefereba simarTles. Semdeg, aq iyo
naTqvami imis Sesaxeb, rom borCalos Sesaxeb laparaki iyo presaSio.
borCalos viTareba savsebiT gaSuqebuli iyo presaSi. es marTalia!
Cven arasodes ar dagvimalavs araferi. ase iqceoden eserebi afxaz­
eTSi mkvdar saavadmyofoebis Sesaxeb. (lorTqifaniZe: sicruea! Woria!
isidore ramiSvili lorTqifaniZes: gaCumdiT! pirSi wyali gidgaT!
xmauroba). partiul presaSi marTlac daibeWda werilebi. Cven aravis
moqmedebas ar vmalavT! Cven ar vmalavT arc erTi partiis wevris, arc
erTi administratoris danaSauls. am SemTxvevaSi ver moiyvanT verc
erT faqts. (xmebi: katarRaSi unda gagegzavnaT!). katarRaSi da samar­
TalSi vin unda gaigzavnos, amaze gveqneba msjeloba da damfuZnebeli
kreba Tavis azrs gamosTqvams, eWvs gareSea. Tqven aq ambobT partiul
presaze, rom iq ewera am ambebis Sesaxeb, arc erTi amxanagis nakls Cven
ar vafarebT xels da yvelafers vamJRavnebT. Cveni presa amas yovelT­
vis aqcevs yuradRebas. (xma: Sedegebi?). Sedegebi is aris, iq eroba
yvelaze susti iyo. es aSkaraa yvelasaTvis da exla ki, yvelas Sexed­
ulebiT, saukeTesod aris dayenebuli. aseve gaxlavT skolebis Sesax­
eb. iq yvela skolebi aRdgenilia da momaval wlidan mravali axali
skola gaixsneba. amiT aixsneba is garemoeba, rom gasul wlis Sesaxeb
verc erTi faqti ver moviyvaneT. Tqveni „faqtebi“ exeba im dros, roca
osmalebi SemoiWren... (xmauroba).
Tavmjdomare. gTxovT dawynardeT! nu uSliT!
noe ramiSvili. rac Seexeba „kldes“, mis informacias, me mgonia,
TviT „kldis“ warmomadgeneli ar daeTanxmeba. Cven viciT werili, ro­
melic damfuZnebeli krebis wevrma Salva qarumiZem erT-erT gazeTSi
daswera. iq iyo naTqvami, rom is kampania, romelsac awarmoebden aq,
zogierTi gamoCenili moRvaweebis winaaRmdeg, ar aris marTali.
erobis winaaRmdeg gamolaSqrebani borCalos mazraSi simoniSvilma
daiwyo. simoniSvili ar aris iseTi moRvawe, romlis werilebs didi
fasi qondes. (xma adgilidan: eserebi iqneba!). SeiZleba eserTa parti­
aSi Caewera! mosalodnelia! magram faqti ar aris, rom simoniSvili
quTaisis yofili policmeisteria, da mis dros iq moxda ebraelTa aw­
iokeba. da yovel SemTxvevaSi, b. simoniSvils arc erTi faqti im moR­
vaweebis winaaRmdeg ar wamouyenebia. iq arian iseTi moRvaweebi, ro­

587
melTac mravali wlis revoliucionuri moRvaweoba miuZRvis, bevri
maTgani ixsden cixeSi, micemuli iyvnen samarTalSi. soc.-rev. fraqcia
ase aCqarda, rom am kacis gancxadebaze aSenebs braldebebs erobis da
sxva am moRvaweTa winaaRmdeg, romlebic iq imyofebian. aq Tqven moi­
yvanT erT sabuTs, es Seexeba administracias. es aris elinTa yrilo­
ba, sadac sainteresoa erTi garemoeba, rezoliucia am yrilobisa,
Cven rom movismineT. _ es pirvelad gavigone, me vici meore gancxade­
ba elinTa sabWosi. CvenTan gamocxadden elinTa warmomadgenlebi da
gamogvicxades uRrmesi madloba im moRvaweobisaTvis, romelsac ve­
weviT gansakuTrebiT ltolvilTa mimarT, im dros, rodesac sxva re­
spublikaSi ltolvilTa mdgomareoba autaneli Seiqna, saqarTvelom
mogvca saSualeba es xalxi gadagverCina fizikuri ganadgurebisagan,
aq mravali aTasi gadarCa Jletas, rodesac sxva kuTxeebSi maT sasti­
kaT sdevnidnen. garda amisa, miuxedavad imisa, rom Cveni xazina arc
ise mdidari aris, man mainc SesZlo maTTvis daxmareba aRmoeCina da
amisaTvis maT gamogvicxades uRrmesi madloba. es moxda yrilobis Sem­
deg da Tu raime sabuTi hqondaT _ roca madlobis gamosacxadeblad
iyvnen, Tqven iciT, rom aravis ar eSiniaT protestis gamocxadebisa.
yvela ise Tavisuflad da Tamamad grZnobs Tavs, rom Tu raime sabuTi
hqondaT, isini gvetyodnen Cven, rezoliucia ki mimarTuli aris ara
imdenad administraciis winaaRmdeg, ramdenadac social-demokrati­
uli partiis winaaRmdeg.
me vfiqrob, rom Tu marTla rame sabuTi hqondaT, isini am Tavis
rezoliuciis gamocxadebas SesZlebdnen Cems winaSe, yovel SemTxveva­
Si me mogaxsenebT, rom partiul biuros Sesaxeb araviTari gancxade­
ba ar mogvsvlia. Tqven brZanebT, rom mTavrobis Tavmjdomares moax­
seneso, SeiZleba moaxsenes magram mTavrobaSi aseTi gancxadeba ar
mogvsvlia. Semdeg aq ganacxades, rom partiuli biuro ereva admin­
istraciis saqmeSi, unda mogaxsenoT, rom Zalian xSirad, winad, yvela
partia ereoda administraciis saqmeSi. magram ukanaskneli wlis gan­
mavlobaSi es Careva administraciis saqmeSi Tan da Tan moispo. Sei­
Zleba es atavizmi aris da gamonaklisi xdeba, SeiZleba amas marTla
qonda adgili iq, es Tqven unda gagecxadebinaT da Cven ueWvelad
zomebs miviRebdiT amis winaaRmdeg. me mogaxsenebT, rom Cven gansa­
kuTrebul yuradRebas vaqcevT am ganapira kuTxeebSi administraciis
mowyobas, vinaidan SeuZlebelia centridan am saqmis marTva-gamgeoba.
amiT aixsneba is, rom mudam vcdilobT, rom yvelgan es saqme gadaeces
erobas, adgilobriv TviTmmarTvelobebs da Tu erobam ver SesZlo
moewesrigebina es saqme, Tu marTlac, mravali nakli aqvs administra­
cias, es Seadgens nakls ara marto erobisas. rasakvirvelia, erobis
saqmianobasac aqvs mniSvneloba, magram ufro didi mniSvneloba aqvs
im adaTebs da wesebs, romlebic gamefebulia am mazraSi. sanam es xalxi
ar SeiTvisebs moqalaqeobriobas, sanam is xels ar aiRebs feSqeSeb­
ze, yovelTvis iqneba SemTxvevebi, rodesac TviTeuli piri borotad

588
isargeblebs erobis da xalxis ndobiT, rac Seexeba kerZoT im komis­
ars, abuSevs, romelzedac iyo aq laparaki, is ar iyo damtkicebuli
imitom, rom is ekuTvnis im mcire jgufs, romelic mudam winaaRmdegi
iyo Cveni mimarTulebisa. Tqven albaT iciT, rom arsebobs debuleba
komisrebis Sesaxeb, sadac naTqvamia, rom maT amtkicebs samazro komis­
ari, ese igi am Jamad amtkicebs eroba. erobam am SemTxvevaSi isargeb­
la Tavisi uflebiT swored imitom, rom walkaSi, romelzedac aq gan­
sakuTrebiT laparaki aris, walkis soc.-revoliucionerTa partiis
wevrTa moqmedebis wyalobiT Seiqmna iseTi mdgomareoba (Sengelaia:
sad? sad? daasaxeleT!), diax, walkaSi. walka swored kuTxea _ Tqven
kargaT iciT es, sadac dRemdis (xmauroba. Sengelaia: rom ramiSvils
ar ujereben!), Tqven scdilobT, rom ar daujeron, magram mTavrobas
daujereben.
Tqveni wyalobiT iq dezertiroba iyo, gadasaxadebs ar ixdid­
nen, rogorc gansakuTrebiT sxva da sxva ganapira kuTxeebSi, sadac
Tqven xSirad giyvarT antisaxelmwifoebrivi agitacia. (xmauroba).
da miuxedavad Tqveni agitaciisa, mobilizacia saukeTesod Catarda,
winaaRmdeg Tqveni partiis survilebisa. da unda mogaxsenoT, rom mi­
uxedavad imisa, rom Tqven mudam scdilobdiT am xalxSi SegeqmnaT is­
eTi damokidebuleba, rom arc erTi jaris kaci da arc erTi kapeiki
gadasaxadi ar miecaT, miuxedavad amisa, es saqme gamosworda. kerZoT
erobam miiRo Sesaferisi zomebi im komisaris winaaRmdeg, romelic am
politikas ar eTanxmeboda, es aris erobis Rirseba da movaleoba. me
imedi maqvs, rom SemdegSiac yvela eroba ase moiqceva da arasodes ar
daamtkicebs iseTs komisars, romelic xels ar Seuwyobs mobilizaci­
is kargad Catarebas da mis winaaRmdeg agitacias eweva (Sengelaia: ra
gaakeTa, ra Caidina?). Tqven kargad iciT, rom is aris wevri swored
Tqveni partiisa. (Sengelaia: es sul erTia. ra braldeba?). ra gaakeTa
(xmauroba). ara, ukacravad, mraval adgilas aris komisrebi, magram ar
vici ra partiisa arian, rogorc ar vici ra partiisa arian Cemi mox­
eleTa didi nawili. es yvelam icis, rom arasodes ar varCev vin romel
partiisa aris. Tqven ki swored imitom laparakobT ase, rom is iyo
Tqveni partiis wevri (Sengelaia: sabuTi moiyvaneT, sabuTi!). sabuTi?
me vlaparakob, rom es ase iyo (xmauroba). diax, es aris faqti, rom is
kaci imitom gadaayenes, rom is ar asrulebda Tavis saxelmwifoebriv
movaleobas da winaaRmdegi iyo (Sengelaia: es tribuna aris, sabuTi
moiyvaneT!). me vambob, faqti aseTi iyo, rom is kaci iyo gadayenebuli
imitom, Cven iq ar gvinda iseTi komisari, romelic ar asrulebs Tavis
saxelmwifoebriv movaleobas da ara partiuls (Sengelaia: sicruea!).
Tqven laparakobT partiul biuroze da imiT asabuTebT, rom mTavro­
ba ase imitom moqmedebs, rom is eyrdnoba cnobebs sxva da sxva parti­
ul biuroebisas. me unda ganvacxado, rom es ase ar yofila. da amas
fiqrobT imitom, rom saerTod SeCveulebi xarT administracia ga­
moiyenoT partiuli miznebisaTvis. (Sengelaia: Cemi Sen giTxari, guli

589
mogikali! xmauroba). moismineT, batonebo, Semdegi dokumentic. bato­
ni lorTqifaniZe ityvis, rom es Wori ariso, magram moismineT:
Кодорскiй уѣздный комитъетъ партiи соцiалистовъ-революцiонеровъ Грузiи.
17 декабря 1919 г. № 61. Срочно. Начальнику милицiи Гупской общ–ны. Двадцать
пятаго декабря по новому стилю въ 12 часовъ дня въ г. Очемчирахъ въ зданiи
„рабочаго клуба“ назначена конференцiя партiи соцiалистов-революцiонеровъ, съ
участiемъ другихъ сухумскихъ членовъ этой же партiи.
Кодорскiй уѣздный комитеть партiи социалистовъ-революцiонеровъ проситъ
васъ предложить вашему обществу прислать точно къ этому дню въ 12 часовъ дня
своихъ представителей, сколькихъ общество найдетъ необходимымъ; при этомъ
сообщаемъ вамъ, что делегаты должны имъть мандаты отъ общества. Исполненiе
изложеннаго просимъ не откладывать.
Товарищъ предсѣдателя Гр. Гегiадзе.
Секретарь А. Дгебуадзе.

axla vin aris es gegiaZe? es gegiaZe, albad iciT Tqven, aris so­
cialist-revoliucionerTa komitetis Tavmjdomare, es gegiaZe iyo
erobis mdivani da im xanad asrulebda gamgeobis wevris movaleobas
administratiul ganyofilebaSi.
axla rogor gaiges es brZaneba komisrebma, socialist-revoli­
ucionerTa partiis komitetis brZaneba? ai mandati:
Копiя. Мандатъ: Дано сiе жителю сел. Гупи код. уѣз. Алмахсиду Казишбекову
Маршанiя, Тагвачву Харабiя и Дзазу Кашба въ томъ, что выше упомянутые
обществомъ названной общины выбраны уполномоченными присутствовать
на конференцiи партiи социалистовъ-революцiонеровъ назначенной быть на 25
декабря 1919 г. 22 декабря 1919 г.
Начальник Гупской сельской милицiи Н. Чигогидзе.
Секретарь М. Шанiя. (sicili).

ai es aris is moRvaweoba, romelsac Tqven awarmoebT ganapira

kuTxeebSi. erTic ar yofila iseTi magaliTi, rom partiuli aparati
amisTvis gamogveyenebina, magram ase imitom laparakoben, rom ician
raSiac aris saqme. imitom daiwyes laparaki s.-r.-ebma biuroebze da
mkvdrebze, rom saerTod lorTqifaniZe miCveuli aris mkvdar saa­
vadmyofoebs. maTda samwuxarod, maTi moRvaweoba iq marcxiT gaTa­
vda. es Sedegi aris im sagangebo razmis moRvaweobisa, romelzedac
Tqven kbilebs ilesavT. sagangebo razms aqvs dakisrebuli, rom ga­
moikvlios rodis gamoiyenebT Tqven administracias borotad (Sen­
gelaia: borCaloze, borCaloze!). es moRvaweoba Tqven afxazeTSi gas­
wieT, magram es borCalosac exeba, imitom, rom Tqvengan iqneb walkis
social-demokratiul biurom gadmoiRo zogierTi nakli. yovel
SemTxvevaSi mTavroba amis winaaRmdeg zomebs miiRebs. da mTavrobas
kategoriulad aqvs gadawyvetili, rom araviTari Careva admini­
traciis saqmeebSi ar iyos. es iqneba gamoZiebuli _ sxvaTa Soris da­

590
vamSvideb b. lorTqifaniZes. (Sengelaia: imedia daapatimrebT!). amaze
Semdeg iqneba laparaki, aqvs Tu ara partias ufleba ase borotad ga­
moiyenos ndoba, miT umetes im pirs, romelic komisrad iTvleboda
da imis magivrad, rom xalxis qoneba xalxisaTvis gamoeyenebia, qmnida
mkvdar saavadmyofoebs.
dasasrul general-gubernatoris brZanebis Sesaxeb. marTalia gen­
eral-gubernatorma gasca brZaneba, magram ara daxurvis, aramed yrilo­
bis SeCerebis. iq pirdapir sweria: „SeaCereT“. magram es iyo gamowveuli
imiT, rom gen.-gubernatorma gaigo... (Sengelaia: c.-k.-s prezidiumma!).
araviTari monawileoba cekas prezidiums am saqmeSi ar miuRia. SeiZleba
Tqveni damarcxeba gindaT gadaabraloT c.-k.-s prezidiums, magram is aq
arafer SuaSia. (xmauroba). batonebo, Tu social-demokratiuli fraq­
cia daangrieT, kmayofili iqnebiT, magram amaze ilaparakeT „Sroma“-Si.
aq-ki, rodesac saxelmwifoebriv saqmeebze msjelobT, amaRldiT erTi
wuTiT mainc viwro partiul interesebze. me vambob, rom roca gen.- gu­
bernatorma gaigo, rom iq aris didi arev-dareva da arev-dareva aris
administraciis garSemo da swored es iyo gamowveuli rogorc Tqveni
partiis, agreTve Tqveni fraqciis mier.
meore, miuxedavad imisa, rom fronti azerbaijanisa moispo, _
gaCnda axali, meore fronti somxeTis winaaRmdeg. da im dros, rode­
sac komunistebi neitralur zonaSi agitacias eweoden da ewevian _
iqidan upirebdnen afeTqebas Cvens respublikas _ rasakvirvelia, amas
isini ver SeZleben _ magram imedi aqvT, rom aafeTqeben somxeTs. da am
mdgomareobaSi general-gubernatorma gamoixmo orive Tavmjdomare
_ erTis mxriv Tavmjdomare gamgeobisa da meores mxriv Tavmjdomare
yrilobisa. maT mosTxova sabuTebi Tu ranairi aris moqmedeba ama Tu
im administratorisa. da, roca misces mas zogierTi ganmartebani, Sem­
deg amisa kiTxvebi amowurul iqmna. administraciis mosagvareblad man
misca rCeva, romelic mdgomareobs imaSi, rom mis daukiTxavad ar yo­
filiyo vinme daniSnuli sapasuxismgeblo adgilze miuxedavad imisa,
Tu romeli partia gaimarjvebda iq. da amis Semdeg moxda gag­rZeleba
yrilobisa, romelic SeCerebuli iyo. da amis Semdeg Tqven iciT
b. Sengelaia. es saqme amowuruli aris.
ai aseTi aris mdgomareoba da me unda mogaxsenoT, rom me gavaTaveb
imiT, riTac daviwye. Zalian bevri nakli aqvs administracias bevr adgi­
las da gansakuTrebiT CamorCenil kuTxeebSi, magram es yvelaferi miew­
ereba ara mTavrobas da erobas, aramed, upirveles yovlisa, miewereba
am xalxis CamorCenilobas, romelsac moqalaqeobrivi Segneba ara aqvs.
rac Seexeba mTavrobas, mas miRebuli aqvs yovelgvari zomebi da rom
aravis indobs, sCans iqidan, rom 17 komisari iyo gadayenebuli da yve­
la is borot-moqmedeba, romelsac iq adgili hqonda, ar iyo uyuradRe­
bod datovebuli da vfiqrob, rom SemdegSiac am gziT vivliT da ara
im gziT, romelic imaSi gamoixateba, rom administracia gamoviyenoT
partiuli miznebisaTvis. (xangrZlivi taSi).

591
 Tavmjdomare. sami saaTi gaxlavT. rogor gnebavT? (xmebi: gadaidos,
ganvagrZoT!). aris soc.-dem. fraqciis winadadeba gadaidos sxdoma.
aris Tu ara meore winadadeba? msjeloba gadadebuli gaxlavT. exla
gTxovT moisminoT saboloo teqstebi.
gomarTeli (kiTxulobs saboloo teqstebs).
Tavmjdomare. exla moismineT Semdegi sxdomis dRis wesrigi.
mdivani (kiTxulobs).
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva? aris Tu ara vinme winaaRmdegi?
miRebulia. sxdoma dasrulebuli gaxlavT.

592
 damfuZnebeli kreba
sesia meore

ocdameaTe sxdoma

(30)

1920 weli. ivlisis 6. tfilisi. sasaxle.

Sinaarsi:

1. muxlobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ respub. qal. miliciis

Statisa da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebisa.
2. zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ madneulobis saxelmwifo
sakuTrebad gamocxadebisa.
3. dekreti _ setyvisagan dazaralebulTaTvis saTesle simindis
misawodeblad gamocxadebisa.
4. dekreti _ q. tfilisis sasargeblod mowyobil oTaxebsa da
gastronomiul maRaziaze gadasaxadis dawesebisa.
5. finansTa ministris proeqti dekretisa _ ucxoeTidan Semo­
tanil koniakis spirtze sabaJo tarifis Secvlisa.
6. dekreti _ tyibulis maRaroebis saWiroebisaTvis 14.151.321 man.
damatebiTi kreditis gaxsnisa.
7. dekreti _ qal. Telavis Tvimmar. 3 mil. man. sesxis micemisa.
8. dekreti _ qal. lanCxuTis TviTmmarTv. 1.500.000 m. sesxis micemisa.
9. dekreti _ qal. ozurgeTis TviTmmarTv. 2 mil. man. sesxis micemisa.
10. dekreti _ zugdidis TviTmmarTv. 2 mil. man. sesxis micemisa.
11. dekreti _ oCemCiris TviTmmarTv. ori mil. man. sesxis micemisa.
12. saboloo teqsebi.

Tavmjdomareobs damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris ufrosi am­

xanagi
al. lomTaTiZe.
mdivnobs damfuZnebeli krebis mdivnis amxanagi
qr. SaraSiZis asuli.

593
 prezidiumSi arian:
eqvTime TayaiSvili da
konst. jafariZe.
sxdoma iwyeba SuadRis 12 saaT. da 40 wuTze.
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas gaxsnilad vacxadeb. mdivani mogaxsenebT
dRiur wesrigs.
mdivani (kiTxulobs dRiur wesrigs).

dRiuri wesrigi:

1. pirveli (zogadi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ madneulobis

saxelmwifo sakuTrebad gamocxadebis Sesaxeb. momxsenebelia s. ja­
fariZe.
2. dekreti _ setyvisagan dazaralebulTaTvis saTesle simindis
misawodeblad 10.000.000 man. gadadebisa. momxsenebelia s. axmetelaS­
vili da v. cabaZe.
3. dekreti _ tyibulis maRaroebisaTvis damatebad 14.151.321 man.
kreditis gaxsnisa. momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.
4. dekreti _ qalaq tfilisis sasargeblod mowyobil oTaxebsa
da gastronomiul maRaziebze gadasaxadis dawesebisa. momxsenebelia
b. CxikviSvili da iv. gomarTeli.
5. dekreti _ ucxoeTidan Semotanil koniakis spirtze sabaJo
tarifis Secvlisa. momxsenebelia iv. gomarTeli.

damateba.

6. dekreti _ qal. Telavis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis 3.000.000 man.

sesxis micemisa. momxsenebelia g. ciskariSvili da n. eliava.
7. dekreti _ qal. lanCxuTis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis 1.500.000
man. sesxis micemisa. momxsenebelia g. ciskariSvili da n. eliava.
8. dekreti _ qal. ozurgeTis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis 2.000.000
man. sesxis micemisa. momxsenebelia g. ciskariSvili da n. eliava.
9. dekreti _ qal. zugdidis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis 2.000.000
man. sesxis micemisa. momxsenebelia g. ciskariSvili da n. eliava.
10. dekreti _ qal. oCemCiris TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis 2.000.000
man. sesxis micemisa. momxsenebelia g. ciskariSvili da n. eliava.
11. meore (muxlobrivi) ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa _ respublikis
qalaqTa miliciis Statis da xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.
momxsenebelia mel. rusia.
Tavmjdomare. soc.-dem. fraqciidan Semosulia Semdegi winadade­
ba: me-6, me-7, me-8, me-9, me-10, me-11 sakanonmdeblo aqtebis saboloo te­

594
qstebi dResve iqnes miRebuli, xolo me-11 sakiTxi pirvel rigSi iqnes
ganxiluli. vin aris winaaRmdegi am winadadebisa? winadadeba miRebu­
lia. unda mogaxsenoT cnobad, rom prezidiumma saxelmwifo kontro­
lioris f. gogiCaiSvilisagan miiRo depeSa, romelSiac igi sTxovs
damf. krebas, raTa mas mieces ufleba, darCes saqarTvelos ekonomi­
ur misiaSi sazRvargared kidev ramdenime xans, radgan misias muSaoba
jer ar dausrulebia. vin aris winaaRmdegi, rom mieces kidev dro?
aravin. gogiCaiSvils eZleva ufleba darCes sazRvar-gared ekonomi­
ur misiaSi samuSaod erTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi dRevandeli ricxvidan.
sityva m. rusias ekuTvnis.

1. meore muxlobrivi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa

respublikis qalaqTa miliciis Statisa da
xarjT-aRricxvis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.

m. rusia. (s.-d.) kiTxulobs cal-calke Semdegi qalaqebis miliciis

Statebs: 1) tfilisis, 2) quTaisis, 3) foTis, 4) soxumis, 5) goris, 6)
Telavis, 7) siRnaRis, 8) axalqalaqis, 9) axalcixis, 10) duSeTis, 11) ko­
joris, 12) xaSuris, 13) suramis, 14) zugdidis, 15) WiaTuris, 16) xonis,
17) onis, 18) zestafonis, 19) senakis, 20) samtrediis, 21) laCxuTis, 22)
ozurgeTis, 23) redutkalis, 24) oCemCiris, 25) gudauTis, 26) gagris
da 27) borjomisa.
damf. kreba am Statebsa da mTel kanon-proeqts iRebs.
Tavjdomare. am kanon-proeqtis saboloo teqsti mogxsendebaT
dResve. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva s. jafariZes ekuTvnis.

2. pirveli zogadi ganxilva kanon-proeqtisa madneulobis

saxelmwifo sakuTrebad gamocxadebis Sesaxeb.

s. jafariZe. (s.-d.) am kanon-proeqts, romelic madneulobis saxel­

mwifo sakuTrebad gamocxadebas moiTxovs, aqvs xangrZlivi sakanon­
mdeblo istoria. jer kidev 1917 wels, dekembris 16, amier-kavkasiis
dekretiT gamocxadebulia, rom memamuleebs gansazRvrul normis
zeviT unda CamoerTvas mamulebi da miwa-wyali da daurigdes sakuTre­
bad glexebso. gamonakliss Seadgenda wylebi, saxelmwifo mniSvnelo­
bis tyeebi da madneuloba, romlebic sakuTrebad ar rigdeboda. es
dekreti ise iyo gagebuli, rom madneuloba cxaddeboda saxelmwifo
sakuTrebad. magram ra ki pirdapir nacionalizacia ar iyo gamocxa­
debuli, amitom es dekreti mainc erTgvar gaugebrobas iwvevda. ai
am mosazrebiT jer kidev SarSan vaWroba-mrewvelobis saministrom
Semoitana damf. krebaSi saTanado kanoni. am kanons hqonda Semdegi Si­

595
naarsi: gauqmebul iqnes yvela nebarTvis mowmobani, miwebis aqtebi da
saijaro xelSekrulebani, romelTa ZaliT kerZo pirT, amxanagobaT,
an sazogadoebaT ufleba eZleodaT saxelmwifo miwebze madnis kvle­
va-Ziebisa, an xelSekrulebisa da yvela sxva xelSekrulebani da ne­
barTvani kerZo mesakuTreTa miwebis gulis da madnebis damuSavebisa.
meore nawili exeboda TviT madneulobis saxelmwifo sakuTrebad
gamocxadebas da agreTve im Sedegebis gansazRvras, romelic unda
moyoloda am nacionalizacias, ese igi ra Sedegi unda wveoda sxva da
sxva warmoebebs am sferoSi. am mxriv, rodesac kanon-proeqti acxadebs
saxelmwifos sakuTrebad zeda pirs, amasTanave mrewvelT WiaTuris
raionSi rCebaT ufleba ijariT aRebisa mTavrobisagan im madnebis
damuSavebisa, romlebic maT ekuTvnodaT am kanonis damf. krebis mier
miRebis dRemde sakuTrebis an saijaro uflebis ZaliT.
Semdegi nawili ki am kanon-proeqtisa gansazRvravs Tu ramdeni
unda ezRos mrewvelebs WiaTuris raionSi. iq sweria, maT, visac am
nacionalizaciiT CamoerTmeva madneuloba, unda mivceT sasyideli,
romelic gansakuTrebul kanoniT ganisazRvreba. Semdeg naTqvami iyo,
rom is, rac naTqvamia WiaTuris raionis Sesaxeb, mTavrobas ufleba
eZleva gaavrcelos sxva samTo samrewvelo raionebis mwarmoeblebzed
da madneulobis mesakuTreebzed.
aseTi Sinaarsis iyo es kanon-proeqti, Semdeg igi gadaeca agrar­
ul da saredaqcio komisias. magram isini ver SeTanxmdnen, TviToeul­
ma maTganma warmoadgina Tavisi varianti. safinanso-sabiujeto komi­
siam warmoadgina Tavisi daskvna. maSin Sesdga SeerTebuli sxdoma
agrarul da iuridiul komisiebisa. aq isini SeTanxmdnen erT rameSi,
daadgines: gauqmdes kerZo sakuTreba madanze, rac Seexeba nacional­
izacias, vinaidan mas ufro detaluri damuSaveba sWirdeba, jer-je­
robiT gadaidvas. rodesac am saxiT SemuSavebuli proeqti warmoad­
gina komisiebma, maSin Semovida mTavroba winadadebiT moxsniliyo
es sakiTxi dRiur wesrigidan. sakiTxi moixsna, rom mTavrobas ufro
mTlianad daemuSavebia da ise warmoedgina igi damf. krebaSi. es iyo
wels aprilSi da maisis 29 Tu ar vcdebi, vaWroba-mrewvelobis samin­
istrom warmoadgina kanon-proeqti. Tu am kanon-proeqts SevadarebT
Cven Zvel kanon-proeqts, davinaxavT, rom Tumca aris gansxvaveba, ma­
gram arc imdeni. saxeldobr gansxvaveba aris SemdegSi: winad iyo naTq­
vami, rom mesakuTreebs miecemaT sasyideli gansazRvruli gansakuTre­
buli kanoniTo, axla ki naTqvamia, rom maT miecemaT norma Tanaxmad
1917 wlis kanonisa. es xelaxla iqna ganxiluli prezidiumis agrarul,
iuridiul da safinanso-sabiujeto SeerTebul sxdomaze, da saerTod
es kanon-proeqti miRebul iqna, ese igi uqmdeba nebarTvis mowmobani,
romlis Sesaxeb zeviT mqonda laparaki da meore mxriT cxaddeba na­
cionalizacia madneulebisa da ra unda mieces mesakuTreebs amis Ses­
axeb. komisiebma gaiziares, rom es kanon-proeqti ar unda gavrceldes
im qvaze, romelic ukve gamoRebuli aris miwis gulidan. meore nawili

596
Seexeba imas, rom mrewvelobas rCeba ufleba ijariT aRebisa mTavro­
bisagan im madnebis damuSavebis, romlebic maT ekuTvnodaT am kanonis
damf. kr. miRebamde sakuTrebis, an saijaro uflebis ZaliT. rac Seex­
eba mesakuTreebs, iq naTqvami iyo, rom norma miecema, magram ranairi
ar aris naTqvami, amitom es komisebma ufro mkafiod gansazRvres da
sTqves, rom norma unda mieceT 1917 wlis kanonis farglebSio, ese igi
unda mieceT miwa Zveli gansazRvruli normiT. ukanaskneli muxli exe­
ba imas, rom es norma unda mieceT agreTve sxva raionebis mrewvelT, sa­
dac mrewveloba ganviTarebulia. magram komisiam Semdeg dainaxa, rom
es cneba mrewvelobis ganviTarebisa ar aris gansazRvruli iuridi­
ulad, rom igi subieqturia, amitom Cven vsTqvaT, rom ukeTesi iqneba
amis gamorkveva mivandoT TviT mTavrobaso. da kanonSi aris naTqvami,
rom mTavrobas eZleva ufleba im raionebzedac gaavrcelos es kanoni,
sadac igi saWirod dainaxavs. amnairad Cven mivandeT am sakiTxis ga­
dawyveta mTavrobas.
aseTi gaxlavT istoria am kanon-proeqtisa da cvlilebebisa dRem­
dis. dRes sdgas sakiTxi misaRebia Tu ara nacionalizacia am madneu­
lobisa? rasakvirvelia, aras dros arvis ar ganucxadebia arc SarSan,
arc dRes, rom nacionalizacia ar aris misaRebio. piriqiT, Tu aris
romelime dargi, romelSiac muSebi moiTxoven nacionalizacias, es
aris madneuloba. yvelgan sadac damyarebuli aris misi damuSaveba,
magaliTad inglisSi, safrangeTSi da sxvagan, muSebis moTxovnileba
is aris, rom gamocxaddes igi saxelmwifo kuTvilebad. ra Tqma unda
saqarTveloSi, sadac agraruli da sxva socialisturi sakiTxebi far­
Tod daisva, Tavis Tavad cxadia, amis winaaRmdeg veravin wava. aravin
ar ityvis, rom es dRes mizan-Seuwoneliao. amitom komisiis saxeliT
viTxov, rom es kanon-proeqti miRebul iqnes.
Tavmjdomare. sityva Sengelaias ekuTvnis.
l. Sengelaia. (s.-r.) es kanon-proeqti dagvianebuli aris. es un­
da mieRo sakanonmdeblo organos ara exla, aramed 3 wlis winad.
amas grZnoben TviT avtorebi am kanon-proeqtisa, amitom moiTxoven
am kanon-proeqtis ukuqceviTi Zalas, ara ise, rogorc Cven miRebu­
li gvaqvs saerTod, rom kanoni ZalaSi Sedis dRidan misi miRebisa
damf. krebis mier, aramed 1917 w. 16 dekembridan, am dagvianebas qon­
da Tavisi mizezebi, upirveles yovlisa mizezi am dagvianebisa aris
Cveni mTavrobis Cveulebrivi daudevroba. meore mizezi gaxlavT is,
rom zogierTi jgufebi iyvnen dainteresebuli am kanon-proeqtiT da
yoveli Rone ixmares, rom daegvianebinaT da gavlenis daRi daesvaT
am kanon-proeqtis zogierT muxlebze. kanon-proeqti moiTxovs yve­
la miwebis guli, madneulobis, garda Cveulebrivi qviSisa, gamocxa­
debul iqnas saxelmwifo sakuTrebaT 1917 wlis 16 dekembridan. e. i.
kanon-proeqti exeba miwis sakiTxis erT-erT mniSvnelovan mxares. mo­
gexsenebaT, miwis sakiTxi CvenSi tardeba social-demokratiis mier
da porciobiT, amitom Cven mTliani kanoni miwis Sesaxeb, Tu ra bedi

597
unda ewvios demokratiul respublikis miwis zedapirs, tyeebs, wy­
lebs, Tu madneulobas, aseTi mTliani kanon-proeqti ar gvaqvs. gvaqvs
miRebuli sxva da sxva kanonebi Sesaxeb zedapirisa, tyis sargeblobis
kanoni, romelic cxovrebaSi ar gatarebula. dRes vRebulobT axal
kanon-proeqts da araviTari kanoni ara gvaqvs wyliT sargeblobis
Sesaxeb, TiTqos es wylebi naklebi mniSvnelovani iyos Cveni xalxisaT­
vis, vinem miwa. saerTod Cvens miwis reformas axasiaTebs usistemoba,
uprincipoba da naxevari zoma da es etyoba am kanon-proeqtsac. naxe­
vari zoma gamoixateba imaSi, rom rodesac Cven miviReT kanoni miwis
zedapiris Sesaxeb, miviReT soflad mxolod, qalaqSi ar gagvitare­
bia, ase rom tardeba soflad miwis reforma da qalaqad ki ara, TiTqos
soflis miwebi iyos sxva planetaze da qalaqis ki sxvaze. aseT mdgo­
mareobaSia miwis reformis gatarebis saqme, rom soc.-demok. ar aqvT
garkveuli programa imis Sesaxeb, ra unda eyos qalaqis miwebs, moxdes
nacionalizacia, socializacia Tu auqcionSi gaiyidos _ es aSkaraa.
Cven miviReT tyis kanoni, magram cxovrebaSi is ar gatarebula, soc.-
demok. es saWirod ar miaCnia. aseve aris areul-dareuli es kanon-pro­
eqtic. pirveli muxli moiTxovs madneulobis nacionalizacias. ra
Tqma unda Tu socializaciis, nacionalizaciis gzas daadgeba mTav­
roba, Tu ara marto sityviT gaaterebs amas, es sasurvelia da amas mi­
vesalmebiT, magram ise am zomis gatareba, rogorc es xdeboda aqamdis
da rogorc kanon-proeqtidan sCans, yovlad miuRebelia. Tu es dRes
socializatoruli da nacionalizatoruli tendencia iseTia, rom
angariSi unda gauwioT TviT partiul yrilobaze, sadac iTqva, rom
upiratesobas aZlevT ara kerZo iniciativas, aramed sazogadoebriv
iniciativas, es unda gaataroT yovel kanonSi, romelic miRebuli
iqneba; xolo Tu yrilobaze erTs ityviT, erTs miiRebT, damf. kreba­
Si sxvas gaatarebT, es xalxis motyuebaa da rom es asea, es sCans, amas
amtkicebs zogierTi adgilebi am kanon-proeqtisa da SeniSvnebi me-3
da me-4 muxlebTan. me unda mogaxsenoT, rom es momxsenebelmac sTqva,
nacionalizaciis winaaRmdeg aravin ar yofila, magram me mgonia amas
koreqtivi sWiria. aris nacionalizacia da nacionalizaciac; es imas
gaaCnia, ra pirobebSi xdeba is, roca nacionalizacia xdeba burJua­
ziul saxelmwifoSi. Cven amas didi sifrTxiliT vekidebiT, CvenSi am
mxriv mdgomareoba ar Secvlila. Cven gvaxsovs, TviT konstituciaSi
aris naTqvami da ara erTxel gvaqvs aq gancxadebuli, rom saqarTve­
lo aris demokratiuli da ara socialisturi saxelmwifo. ubralo
demokratiulsa da socialistur demokratiuls Soris gansxvaveba
aris da ar SegviZlia maT Soris Tanasworobis niSani davsvaT.
Cvenis azriT mizanSewonili iqneba sakuTreba vuarvyoT. Cven vic­
iT sakuTrebas ra Seadgens, es aris yidva-gayidvis ufleba, gankar­
gulebis ufleba da sxva. Cveni konstituciiT ar SeiZleba saxelmwifo
teritoria gavyidoT. Tu gayidvis ufleba eqneba saxelmwifos Tavis
teritoriaze, Tavis Tavad cxadia, rom miwebi saxelmwifo sakuTre­

598
bad cxaddeba. kanonSi unda iyos aRniSnuli, rom es xalxis avladide­
ba aris, ase rom pirveli muxli CvenTvis misaRebi iqneboda am gamon­
aklisiT. Semdeg aris SeniSvna. iq aris naTqvami, rom Tu es muxli ar
vrceldeba amoRebul madanze, xolo aqve zeviT aris naTqvami, rom
is ZalaSi Sedis 1917 w. 1 dekembridan, ase rom Cven madani gvekuTvnis
nominalurad, xolo faqtiurad xdeba, rom mTavrobam gamoiCina Cveu­
lebrivi daudevroba, Tavidan ar Sedgomia gamorkvevas, ar cdila
SeemuSavebina Sesaferi kanoni da Tvalyuri edevnebina am madanisaT­
vis, romelic ekuTvnoda saxelmwifos. axla gvirCeven xeli aviRoT am
madanze. amiT mTavrobas eZleva gamosavali, rom Tavi imarTlos, rom
kanon-proeqti aseTia da Tavisufali varo. es srulebiT miuRebelia.
aq aris sxva muxlebic, romelic miuRebelia, mag. erT-erT muxl­
Si aris laparaki privilegiebze. amis istoria viciT. momxsenebelma
mogaxsenaT, rom am kanons aqvs mTeli istoria. aRsaniSnavia is, rom
mTeli jgufi mrewvelebisa cdilobda Tavisi pretenziebi daecva. is
ar yofila nacionalizaciis winaaRmdegi, magram raSiac is iyo daint­
eresebuli, savsebiT SeinarCuna da es aris upiratesoba. Cven amis wi­
naaRmdegi varT. upiratesoba SegviZlia SevuqmnaT Sromis princips da
ara kapitalistur princips. aq amboben, rom upiratesoba unda mieceT
mrewvelTa jgufebso. es miuRebelia. me ar mesmis, ratom mainc da
mainc upiratesoba unda mivaniWoT kapitalistur jgufs? Semdeg aris
naTqvami, rom mTavrobas eZleva ufleba es upiratesoba gaavrcelos
sxva raionebzedac. momxsenebelma brZana, riT aris gamowveuli es. man
sTqva, iyo iseTi azri, rom es upiratesoba gavrceldeba im raionebze,
romelic mrewvelobis mxriv ganviTarebuli aris, radganac es ter­
mini metad subieqturia, ara iuridiulad gamorkveuli, amitom mie­
ca mTavrobas ufleba gaavrcelos sxva raionebzedacao. me mgonia, es
formaluradac da arsebiTadac miuRebelia. imitom, rom yovlad Seu­
Zlebelia Cven rame davadginoT, davumorCiloT xalxi da mTavrobas
uTxraT: rac ginda SemoiRe da gaatareo, es kanonis uaryofa iqneba.
kanonSi unda iyos naTqvami, romel sferoSi vaniWebT uflebas, kano­
niT es unda iyos gansazRvruli. yovlad SuZlebelia mTavrobisaTvis
kart-blanSis micema. ase rom CvenTvis misaRebia savsebiT deda-azri
kanonisa, romelic mdgomareobs imaSi, rom madneuloba unda gada­
vides xalxis xelSi, misaRebia is muxli, romelic moiTxovs gauqmebul
iqnas yvela nebarTvebi, mowmobebi da sxv. rom mesakuTreT unda mieceT
gansazRvruli normiT danaklisi, romelic am kanonis ZaliT miayenes,
xolo miuRebelia saxelmwifos sakuTrebad gamocxadeba. miuRebelia
SeniSvna, romelic pirvel muxls axlavs da miuRebelia CvenTvis me-3
da me-4 muxlebi am kanon-proeqtisa.
Tavmjdomare. sityva sergi jafariZes ekuTvnis.
sergi jafariZe. (soc.-dem.) batonebo, damfuZnebeli krebis wevr­
no! Sengelaiam sTqva: erTi _ imitom ar aris misaRebi es kanon-proeq­
ti, rom iq aris naTqvami: madnebi cxaddeba saxelmwifos kuTvnilebad,

599
unda iyos naTqvami, rom xalxis gankargulebaSi gadadiso. (Sengelaia:
saxalxo avla-didebad unda gamocxaddes!). diax, Cven rom gvqondes
saqme Seugnebel xalxTan, romelsac ar esmis es mcneba, maSin vityo­
diT, rom madneuloba saxalxo avla-didebad gamocxaddeso. magram,
rodesac kanonze da mis redaqciaze aris laparaki, termini „xalxis
avla-dideba“ ar aris misaRebi arc socialistisTvis da arc araso­
cialistisTvis. (lorTqifaniZe: ruseTSi miiRes damf. krebaSi Tqven­
ma amxanagebma!). ruseTSi bevri ram miiRes, romelic CvenTvis miuRebe­
lia. ras niSnavs madnebis saxelmwifo kuTvnilebad gamocxadeba? es
niSnavs imas, rom isini iqneba xalxis avla-didebad. me mesmis, Zveli
reJimis dros...
Tavmjdomare. batono oratoro, gTxovT xma maRla ilaparakoT,
araferi ar ismis.
jafariZe. Zveli reJimis dros rom geTqvaT es, gasagebi iqneboda,
magram dRes, rodesac demokratia ibrZvis, me ar mesmis, ra gansxvaveba
aris. rac SeiZleba iTqvas ubralo baasSi, ar SeiZleba iTqvas kanonis
Sedgenis dros. (replika: ar ismis!). Cven rodesac gamogvigzavnes Ses­
adgenad, Cven mas ar SevexeT, radgan dekretis xasiaTi hqonda. es erTi.
meore _ miuReblad miaCnia Sengelaias SeniSvna, romlis ZaliT
es nacionalizacia ar vrceldeba 1920 wlis madanze. is xedavs amaSi
erTnair winaaRmdegobas. Tu 1917 wlidan es saxelmwifosia, maS 1920
wlamdis rad unda iyos kerZo mwarmoebliso. Sengelaiam rom icodes
istoria, ar ityoda amas. dRes WiaTuraSi 100 mil. fuTze meti madania
amoRebuli. is iyo gamoRebuli dekretamdis, mas ukan Tqven, rogorc
agrarul komisiis wevrs, gecodinebaT, rom gamoiTqva erTgvari cno­
bis-moyvareoba da saministrom komisias daavala gaego, ramdeni qva
iyo gamoRebuli dRemdis. da gamoirkva, rom gamoRebulia 2-3 milioni
fuTi mxolod, 100 milionze meti ki gamoRebuli iyo dekretamdis. da
Cven Tu TqviT, rom es qva unda Sevides im qvis raodenobaSi, romelic
kerZo sakuTrebad unda darCes, es imitom, rom is iyo gamoRebuli ker­
Zo iniciativis saSualebiT, e. i. kerZo kapitaliT.
Cven meti vsTqviT, sxdomaze davadgineT, rom pir-iqiT SeiZle­
ba kanoni miiRos damf. krebam ufro adre, vidre aRniSnulia, magram
vinaidan saWiroa muSaoba _ warmoebis dawyeba, amitom Cven saWirod
davinaxeT metis gansazRvra, rom iq muSaoba ar Sewyvetiliyo. saWiro
aris momentis gansazRvra imitom, rom mTavrobas ar SeuZlia ucbad
Tavisi saSualebiT Seudges eqsploatacias. amitom moviTxovT, rom
kerZo iniciativa gamoyenebul iqnes.
maSasadame kapitalizmis uaryofa niSnavs, rom is muSaoba gai­
yinos, sanam saxelmwifo ar SesZlebs, rom es saqme TiTon moagvaros.
amitom Tqveni mosazreba, rom es SeniSvna miuRebeli iyos, ar aris sa­
fuZvliani.
axla imaze, Tu upiratesoba romels mieniWos, kerZo mwarmoebels,
Tu saxelmwifo-sazogadoebriv organoebs. rasakvirvelia, es ufro

600
sasargeblo iqneba, rom es saqme aiRos Tavis xelSi TviT saxelmwifom.
magram sanam gamocdili agentebi ara hyavs saxelmwifos da aparati
ara aqvs mowyobili, dRevandel pirobebSi mouxerxebelia madneu­
lobis eqsploatacia, amitom Cven vfiqrobT, rom mTavrobas SeuZlia
ijariT gasces da upiratesoba unda misces ivanes, romelic dRemdis
awarmoebda saqmes da ara petres. (replika ar ismis).
ar SeuZlia aiRos xelSi madneulobis eqsploatacia arc qalaqs,
arc erobas, Torem aq saxelmwifo da mTavroba ar aris SezRuduli,
mas SeuZlia gasces 1 wliT, 10 wliT da am xnis ganmavlobaSi moawyos
aparati da Semdeg TviT awarmovos. Tu qalaqs an erobas SeeZleba,
mTavroba maT miscems.
agreTve mizanSewonilia me-5 muxlic, sadac naTqvamia, rom mTav­
robas ufleba eZleva gaavrcelos sxva da sxva raionebze es warmoe­
ba, e. i. upiratesoba mianiWos mrewvelT da mesakuTres misces norma
gansazRvrul farglebSi. magram yvelafris CamoTvla da gansazRvra
iqneboda mizanSeuwoneli da miuRebeli, amitom mTavrobas eZleva
ufleba da sxva da sxva garemoebis mixedviT moaxdinos gankarguleba,
Tu SeiZlebs saxelmwifo, TviT awarmovos, Tu ara da ijariT gasces.
amitom ar SeiZleba mTavroba, romelic arCeulia damf. krebis mier,
davsaxoT iseT ramed, romelic saxelmwifos interesebis winaaRmdeg
imoqmedebs.
Tavmjdomare. vin aris winaaRmdegi muxlobrivi ganxilvisa? miRe­
bulia da saTanado vadis gasvlis Semdeg moxdeba muxlobrivi ganxilva.

3. dekreti setyvisagan dazaralebulTaTvis saTesle

simindis misawodeblad 10.000.000 man. gadadebisa.

v. cabaZe. (s.-d.) Tqven mogexsenebaT, rom 23 da 29 maiss didma set­

yvam da niaRvarma saSinlad daazarala Telavis, siRnaRis da bor­
Calos mazrebi: venaxi, baRebi, bostnebi da naTesebi miwasTan gaaswo­
ra, nametnavad zogierT raionebSi.
dauyovnebliv iqna miRebuli zomebi miwad-moqmedebis ministris
mier adgilobriv mcxovrebTa dasaxmareblad, Sedgenil iqna komis­
ia agronomebisagan, rom maT gamoeZiaT da gamoerkviaT es zarali da
aRmoCnda, rom jer kidev SeiZleba am setyvisagan dazaralebulis na­
Tesebis xelaxlad moxvna da simindis daTesva, vada simindis daTesvi­
sa ar iyo jer kidev gasuli. am gamorkvevidan miRebul iqna cnobebi,
rom saWiro iyo 20 vagoni simindi, rom es naTesebi xelaxlad daeTe­
saT. ai, maSin ministri Semovida dekretiT, rom xazinidan gaRebuli
yofiliyo 10 milioni maneTi, raic Seadgenda 20 vagon simindis sa­
fasurs. radgan kanonmdeblobiTi wesiT fulis miReba gviandeboda,
amitom erTsa da imave dros ministrma aRZra Suamdgomloba mTavro­
bis winaSe, rom es 10 milioni maneTi gaRebuli yofiliyo sasursaTo

601
Tanxidan, romelic momaragebis ministris gankargulebaSi iyo. es
fuli miRebuli aris da ramdenadac SeiZleboda, es daxmareba simin­
dis TesliT aRmoCenil iqna.
daxmarebis pirobebi Semdegia: is Tesli, romelic mieca glexebs,
unda dabrunebul iqnas axal mosavalze imave odenobiT, rogorc maT
miiRes. am dekrets Tan axlavs daskvnebi agrarul komisiis, finansTa
ministris da saxelmwifo kontrolis. miRebulia sabiujeto komisiis
mierac.
Tavmjdomare. vis surs sityva zogadi msjelobisaTvis? aravis. vin
aris winaaRmdegi muxlobriv ganxilvaze gadasvlisa? aravin. muxlo­
briv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna da gadaeca saredaqcio
komisias.

4. q. tfilisis sasargeblod mowyobili oTaxebsa da

gastronomiul maRaziebze gadasaxadis dawesebisa.

i. gomarTeli. (s.-d.) saqtraqtiro debulebiT mowyobili oTaxe­

bi ganTavisuflebuli aris qalaqis sasargeblo gadasaxadisagan. mo­
sazreba is aris, rom Tu sadili mzaddeba, igi qalaqis sasargeblod
ixdis gadasaxads da Tu ar mzaddeba, igi Tavisufalia. asevea gas­
tronomiuli maRazia, vinaidan iq ara sWamen saWmels, rogorc resto­
ranSi. qalaqis sabWom aRZra Suamdgomloba mTavrobis winaSe, raTa
dakanonebuliyo gadasaxadi, radganac iq Tu ar mzaddeba saWmeli iqve
axlodan moaqvT saidanme da mainc yidian damzadebul saWmels, asevea
gastronomiuli maRaziac. iq aris mza-mzareuli Semwvari, arayi, ko­
niaki da sxva da ratom ar unda iyos dabegrili.
Sinagan-saqmeTa ministri Tavis mxriT mxars uWers am Suamdgomlo­
bas. kontroli winaaRmdegia Semdegi mosazrebiT: demokratia sarge­
blobs aseT gastronomiul maRaziiTo. aseTs mosazrebas ver daveTanx­
mebiT, vinaidan demokratia pirvel saWiroebis sanovages iZens bazar
alagas isev dezertirebis bazarSi. iq Sedian spekuliantebi, romel­
nic saqeifoT ezidebian saqonels. es kanoni exeba marto tfiliss.
TviTmmarTvelobis komisias saWirod miaCnia, rom igi unda gavrcel­
des sxva da sxva qalaqebzedac. safinanso komisiis mier ki praqtikuli
mosazrebiT uaryofilia es mosazreba TviTmmarTvelobis komisiisa,
vinaidan sxva qalaqebSi aseTi savaWroebi naklebad moipoveba da im­
dens Semosavalsac ar iZlevao.
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva gomarTels ekuTvnis.

602
 5. finansTa ministris proeqti dekretisa ucxoeTidan
Semotanil koniakis spirtze sabaJo tarifis Secvlisa.

i. gomarTeli. (s.-d.) mogexsenebaT tfilisSi arsebobs koniakis qa­

rxana. masala gaxlavT saWiro koniakis spirti, WaWis arayi, es masala
mzaddeba somxeTsa da azerbaijanSi. iq ukeTesi masala yofila vinem
CvenSi. erTi da igive piri aris patroni am qarxnisa da im masalisa,
igi ixdis gadasaxads, roca ucxoeTidan CvenSi Semoaqvs Tavisi masala
da aqac Cven vaxdevinebT vedroze 400 maneTs. es amcirebs Cvens Semo­
savals da es pirebi, romelnic amzadeben koniaks, ufro xelsayrelad
sTvlian koniakis damzadebis warmoebas iq, sadac es masala aris da
ara CvenSi. finansTa ministris mosazrebiT Tu es gagrZelda, respub­
lika dids zarals naxavs da imitom, rom zaralis magivrad koniakis
warmoeba gafarTovdes, CvenSi finansTa ministrs saWirod miaCnia es
gadasaxadi Seicvalos da dawesdes 400 man. magier 50 man. es ganixila
sabiujeto komisiam da daadgina, rom es damtkicebul da miRebul
iyves. amitom finansTa ministri Suamdgomlobs Seumcirdes maT 400
man. da 50 man. dekreti miRebulia.
Tavmjdomare. sityva gomarTels ekuTvnis.

6. dekreti _ tyibulis maRaroebis saWiroebisaTvis

14.151.321 man. damatebiTi kreditis gaxsnis Sesaxeb.

iv. gomarTeli. tyibulis maRaroebi, rogorc mogexsenebaT, am

Jamad respublikis mTavrobis xelSi aris da iq warmoeba dRiTi-dRe
izrdeba. dRemdis iq muSaobas awarmoebda 900 muSa, dRes ki vinaidan
saqme farTovdeba, mTavrobam moiwvia kidev 400 muSa; am gvarad muSaTa
raodenoba avida 1300-mde. wineT yofil muSisaTvis saWiro iyo Seno­
baTa SekeTeba da am saWiroebisaTvis gamoTxovili iyo Tanxa da exla ki
rodesac muSaTa ricxvi 1300 aRemateba, maT sWirdebaT ara marto Zvel
SenobaTa SekeTeba, aramed axalis agebac, amas, rasakvirvelia sWird­
eba zedmeti Tanxa da amas iTxovs Sesaferi uwyeba. garda amisa, maT
sWirdebaT sursaTisaTvis 3 milioni, agreTve dazRvevaTa Tanxa. sul
es Seadgens 14.151.321 man. es sakiTxi ganxilul iqna finansTa samin­
istrosa da saxelmwifo kontrolis mier. sxvaTa Soris kontrolis
azri aris: unda Sesdges komisia, sadac unda Sediodes kontrolis
erTi warmomadgeneli da am komisiam adgilobriv unda Seiswavlos Tu
ramdenad saWiroa Zvel SenobaTa SekeTeba, an axalis ageba, an rogor
ixarjeba es gamoTxovili Tanxa. gzaTa uwyebas ara erTxel miumarTavs,
rom saerTod saWiro iyo tyibulis maRaroebSi kontrolis warmomad­
geneli mudmiv yofiliyo da exla es samarTrliani moTxovnileba gza­
Ta uwyebisa ganxorcielda da tyibulis maRaroebSi gaxlavsT mudmivi

603
kontrolis warmomadgeneli. gzaTa uwyebas xarjT-aRricxva aqvs war­
modgenili, sadac kapeikobiT aris gamoangariSebuli da dasabuTebu­
li, rom es gamoTxovili Tanxa swored am Senobebs esaWiroeba, da
swored Seesabameba gamoTxovil Tanxas.
Tu es moTxovnileba siswrafiT dakmayofilebuli ar iqneba, mo­
salodnelia didi ziani mouvides Cvens respublikas. tyibulis
maRaroebs, rogorc viciT saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvneloba aqvs da
ramdenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi am maRaroebma 24 milioni wminda mogeba
mogvca.
es Suamdgomloba gzaTa uwyebisa, ganxiluli iyo sabiujeto komi­
siis mierac da am komisiam ucvlelad daamtkica igi.
(dekreti muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg Cveulebrivi wesiT miRe­
bulia).
Tavmjdomare. Semdegi sakiTxis Sesaxeb sityva baton ciskariS­
vils ekuTvnis.

7. dekreti _ qal. Telavis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis

3 milioni maneTis sesxis micemisa.

g. ciskariSvili. (s.-d.) mTeli rigi qalaqebisa sTxoven mTavro­

bas sesxs. es ar aris gasakvirveli, Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi im mZime
pirobebs da im autanel pirdapir katastrofiul mdgomareobas, ro­
melsac ganicdis TiToeuli qalaqi, vinaidan Semosavali naklebi aris
gasavalze. mxolod am ukanasknel wlis ganmavlobaSi qalaqebi mudam
cdilobden Tavisi ZalebiT da biujetis gaumjobesebiT gauZRven
saqmes. maTgan did umravlesobas ar uTxovia sesxi arc kerZo pirebi­
saTvis da arc saxelmwifosTvis. ukanasknel dros ganmavlobaSi qa­
laqebi iZulebulni arian mimarTon saxelmwifos swored amitom, rom
SeuZlebeli Seiqna gasavalis dafarva SemosavliT, SeuZlebeli Seiq­
na xarjT-aRricxvis Sedgena, vinaidan ar aris gamorkveuli qalaqis
sabiujeto uflebis Sesaxeb. amitom qalaqebi iZulebulni arian mim­
arTon sxva zomebs, raTa am gziT gaaumjobeson Tavisi ekonomiuri md­
gomareoba, ese igi Seqmnan iseTi sawarmovo dawesebulebani, romel­
ic sul Tu ara, nawils mainc dafaravs gasavlisas. zogi am qalaqidan
axla iwyebs aseT dawesebulebaTa mowyobas, zogan ki wineT mouwyviaT
da axla gafarTovebas saWiroeben. amgvar mdgomareobaSi aris Telavi,
romlis xarjT-aRricxvas Tu ganvixilavT, davinaxavT, rom gasavali 5
mil. man. metia Semosavalze. Telavi saerTo zogad mosazrebis gamo,
sxva garemoebis gamoTac iTxovs sesxs, igi metad dazaralda wyaldi­
dobis dros. daingra ori saswavlebeli, wylis napirebi aris Caqceu­
li, saWiroa maTi gamagreba.
am mosazrebiT Telavi moiTxovs 3 mil. man. sesxis saxiT, rogorc
mTavroba, ise arc saxelmwifo kontroli ar aris winaaRmdegi mieces

604
es sesxaT 3 1/2 %. sesxi uzrunvelyofili iqneba mTeli qalaqis qonebiT,
romelic 18 mil. man. udris. dekretis teqsti gaxlavT Semdegi.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis xom aravin inebebs sityvas?
sityva aravis nebavs. (muxlobrivi ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebu­
li iqna da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias). Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sity­
va ciskariSvils ekuTvnis.

8. dekreti lanCxuTis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis

1.500.000 sesxis micemisa.

g. ciskariSvili. (s.-d.) imave mosazrebiT qalaqi lanCxuTi Txou­

lobs 1 1/2 mil. man. sesxs. mas ukve dauwyia warmoeba da SeuZenia wis­
qvilis sxva da sxva nawilebi. axla saqme muSaobis dawyebaSi aris. axlo
momavalSi moewyoba eleqtronis sadguri, ewyoba xe-tyis qarxana. am
xarjebis gasawevad igi 1 1/2 mil. man. Txoulobs.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis vin inebebs sityvas? sit­
yva aravis surs gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze. (muxlobriv gan­
xilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna damf. krebis mier da saredaqcio
komisias gadaeca). Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva Tqvenve gekuTvniT.

9. dekreti qalaq ozurgeTis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis

ori milioni man. sesxis micemisa.

g. ciskariSvili. qalaq ozurgeTsac es sesxi imave sawarmovo dawe­

sebulebaTa mosawyobad sWirdeba. sul mas or milion naxevari man.
unda. am Tanxas Txoulobs igi mieces sesxis saxiT.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis xom aravin inebebT sityvas?
sityva aravis surs. gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze. (muxlobrivi
ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna da gadaecema saredaqcio
komisias). Semdegi sakiTxisaTvis sityva Tqvenve gekuTvniT.

10. dekreti zugdidis TviTmmarTvelobisaTvis

ori mil. maneTis sesxis micemisa.

g. ciskariSvili. qalaqi zugdidi Txoulobs or mil. man. sursa­

Tis SesaZenad. mas axali motivi moyavs. iq Seqmnila gansakuTrebuli
mdgomareoba da mas sursaTis SesaZenad sWirdeba ori mil. maneTi, rac
gadarCeba, imiTi sxva saWiro saqmeebs moagvareben, gaanaTeben quCebs
da sxva. komisiam ganixila es dekreti da miiRo.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis vis nebavs sityva? aravis.
gadavdivarT muxlobriv ganxilvaze. (muxlobrivi ganxilvis Semdeg

605
dekreti miRebuli iqna da gadaeca saredaqcio komisias). Semdegi
sakiTxisaTvis sityva Tqvenve gekuTvniT.

11. dekreti oCemCiris TviTmmarTelobisaTvis

ori mil. man. sesxis micemisa.

g. ciskariSvili. sursaT-sanovagis mxriT oCemCire iseTive mdgo­

mareobaSia, rogorc zugdidi. mas, rogorc ganapira qalaqs, meti yur­
adReba unda mieqces. oCemCire Txoulobs sami wlis vadiT or mil. man.
sesxs. mTavroba da saxelmwifo kontroli Tanaxmani arian, mxolod
uknasknels formaluri daskvna ar gamoutania.
Tavmjdomare. zogadi msjelobisaTvis vis nebavs sityva? aravis.
(muxlobriv ganxilvis Semdeg dekreti miRebul iqna da gadaeca sare­
daqcio komisias). axla mogxsendebaT saboloo teqstebi.
qr. SaraSiZis asuli. (kiTxulobs miRebul sakanonmdeblo aqtebis
saboloo teqstebs, rasac damf. kreba Seusworebliv iRebs).
Tavmjdomare. soc.-dem. fraqciisagan Semosulia gancxadeba, sag­
zao komisiaSi m. gagloevis magier viq. Tevzaias dasaxelebis Sesaxeb.
damf. kreba am gancxadebas adasturebs.
(mdivani kiTxulobs Semdegi morigi sxdomis dRiur wesrigs).
Tavmjdomare. sxdomas naSuadRevis 2 saaT. da 25 wuT. xuravs.

606
 pirTa saZiebeli

a
abaSeli aleqsandre (isaak) besarionis Ze (CoCia), (fsev­donimi
saturni) _ poeti, swavlobda abaSis orklasian saswavlebelSi,
1913-1914 swavlobda moskovis universitetis istoria-­filologiis
fakultetze. 1902 wlidan gaecno aralegalur li­teraturas.
1905wels daiwyo revoluciuri moRvaweoba. muSaobda propagandis­
tad abaSis, banZisa da martvilis raionebSi. damoukideblobis pe­
riodSi eweoda aqtiur samwerlo saqmianobas. aqveynebda leqsebs
literaturul JurnalSi „leila“. iyo literaturuli dajgufeba
„akademiuri mwerlobis kavSiris“ wevri, romelic aerTianebda ko­
munisturi partiisa da sabWoTa saxelmwifos saliteraturo poli­
tikis ZiriTadi principebisadmi maSin yvelaze uaryofiTad gan­
wyobil mwerlebs. 1921 wels misi redaqtorobiT gamovida Jurnali
„xomaldi“. 1921 wels iyo saliteraturo organo „sityva qarTulis“
saredaqcio kolegiis wevri. eweoda mTargmnelobiT saqmianobas. qmni­
da qarTvel poetTa pwkaredebs 418, 423
abaSiZe memed ibrahimis Ze, memed-begi _ politikuri da sazogado
moRvawe, mwerali, publicisti, qarTveli (aWaris) muslimebis aRi­
arebuli lideri. sanjay-beg abaSiZeTa STamomavali. dawyebiTi ganaT­
leba miiRo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazoga­
doebis baTumis skolaSi. axalgazrdobidanve iziarebda qarTveli
samocianelebis erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebel ideebs, cdilobda qa­
rTvel muslimTa saerTo-erovnuli TviTSegnebis Camoyalibebas, maT
integracias qarTul erovnul-kulturul sivrceSi. iyo qarTvel so­
cialist-federalistTa partiis aqtiuri wevri; „qarTvel mahmadian­
Ta saqvelmoqmedo sazogadoebis“ Tavmjdomare; saqarTvelos pirveli
erovnuli yrilobis mier arCeuli sabWos aRmasrulebeli komitetis
„samahmadiano saqarTvelos saqmeTa seqciis“ wamyvani wevri. 1918 wels
airCies „samuslimano saqarTvelos ganmaTavisuflebeli komitetis“
Tavmjdomared. 1918 iyo erovnuli sabWos (parlamentis) wevri. 1919
wels airCies samuslimano saqarTvelos mejlisis (parlamentis) pir­
veli Tavmjdomared, faqtobrivad adgilobrivi proqarTuli ori­
entaciis muslimani qarTvelebis mTavrobis funqciebs asrulebda
baTumis olqSi britanuli administraciis yofnis periodSi. misi
redaqtorobiT gamodioda ganmaTavisuflebeli komitetis organo
_ gazeTi „samuslimano saqarTvelo“, romelmac didi roli Seasrula
adgilobrivi mosaxleobis saerTo-qarTuli TviTSegnebis formire­
bis procesSi 24, 25, 257

607
abdul-hamidi _ „wiTeli sulTani“ (1842-1919), osmaleTis imperiis
34-e sulTani da 99 xalifa. cdilobda daemyarebina erTpirovnuli Za­
laufleba da panislamizmis ideologiaze dayrdnobiT SeenarCunebi­
na imperiis teritoriuli mTlianoba. abdul-hamidis dros daZabulo­
bis mwvervals miaRwia qristianebsa da musulmanebs Soris arsebulma
erovnulma da religiurma SuRlma. misi brZanebiT moxda somexTa dar­
beva 1894-96 ww., ris gamoc mas „did mkvlels“ uwodebdnen 212, 215, 407
abduSeliSvili _ Sorapnis mazris mcxovrebi 378
abramiSvili _ fosta-telegrafis TanamSromeli 76
abuSevi nikoloz _ walkis raionis beSTaSenis sazogadoebrivi
komitetis wevri 584
avaliani svimon lukas Ze _ istorikosi, ekonomisti. daamTavra
quTaisis gimnazia da odesis universitetis istoria-filologiis
fakulteti (1904). odesis universitetis privat-docenti, 1916-1918
ww-Si iyo petrogradis universitetis privat-docenti, xolo 1919
wlidan _ Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis profesori. (1909-1916)
TanamSromlobda presaSi redaqtorobda gazeTs „Южный кооператив“.
muSaobda saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis finansTa da
vaWroba-mrewvelobis ministris amxanagad (moadgiled) (1919-1920).
Tavisi wvlili Seitana saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis
droebiTi fulis niSnis (bonis) damkvidrebasa da stabiluri kursis
SenarCunebaSi. (1921-1922) iyo Tbilisis politeqnikuri institutis
direqtori 458, 464, 465, 468, 470, 476
aTaTurqi qemal (teqstSi qemal-faSa/qiamal-faSa/qiamil-faSa/
osmaleTis faSa) _ 1934 wlamde mustafa qemali, TurqeTis armiis
oficeri da revolucioneri, saxelmwifo moRvawe, TurqeTis respub­
likis damaarsebeli da misi pirveli prezidenti. swavlobda salon­
ikis samxedro saswavlebelSi, kapitnis CiniT daasrula stambolos
generaluri Stabis akademia. igi osmaleTis imperiis periodSi iyo
samxedro elitis erT-erTi liberali warmomadgeneli, warmatebiT
ibrZola pirvel msoflio omSi. 1919 wels mustafa qemalma Tanamoaz­
reebTan erTad daaarsa TurqeTis erovnuli kongresi, sadac Tur­
qeTis patriotuli Zalebi gaerTiandnen. 1919-1922 wlebSi mustafa
qemalma interventebisgan gawminda anatolia, daamarcxa berZnebi da
somxebi. 1922 welsve man daamxo stambolis marionetuli xelisufleba
da mTeli TurqeTi mas daemorCila. igi iyo pirveli, vinc scno ruse­
Tis sabWoTa mTavroba, samagierod ki didi daxmareba miiRo lenin­
isgan. 1922 wlis 1 noembers man gaauqma osmaleTis imperia, taxtidan
gadaagdo ukanaskneli sulTani da TurqeTi respublikad gamoacxada.
1923 wels mustafa qemali TurqeTis respublikis pirveli preziden­
ti gaxda 272, 277, 340, 350

608
akaki akakieviCi _ igulisxmeba n.v. gogolis „Sinelis“ mTavari gmiri,
akaki akakis Ze baSmaCkini _ damcirebuli, Seuracxyofili wvrili mox­
elis krebiTi saxe 77
aleqsandre I _ aleqsandre pavles Ze (1777-1825) ruseTis imperatori
1801-1825 wlebSi, aseve poloneTis mefe (1815-1825) da fineTis pirve­
li rusi didi mTavari (1809-1825) romanovebis dinastiidan 455
andronikaSvili konstantine manuelis (emanuelis) Ze _ so­
cial-demokrati, Jurnalisti, swavlobda moskovis universitetis
iuridiul fakultetze, Semdgom gadavida imave fakultetis kievis
universitetSi. iyo saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis saxelm­
wifo kontrolioris amxanagi (moadgile), 1918 wels Sedioda erovnu­
li sabWos SemadgenlobaSi, 1919 wlis Tebervlidan iyo damfuZnebeli
krebis wevri (social-demokratiuli partiis siiT) 454, 490
aramianci miqael ovsepis Ze _ mecenati, Tbiliss auSena saavadmy­
ofo, qalaqis pirveli saavadmyofo e.w. „aramiancis saavadmyofo”,
romelic iyo erT-erTi pirveli saavadmyofo mTel evropaSi. saavad­
myofo aRWurvili iyo im droisTvis uaxlesi aparaturiT, maT Soris
_ rentgenis aparatiT, romelic aramiancma piradad Camoitana evrop­
idan. aq yvelanairi mkurnaloba ufaso iyo, samedicino personals ki
xelfass piradad aramianci uxdida. 120 sawolze gaTvlil saavadmy­
ofoSi im periodis saukeTeso eqimebi muSaobdnen. aseve aramiancma
Tbiliss aCuqa arqiteqtor gabriel ter-miqelovis proeqtiT aSe­
nebuli sastumro „majestiki”, romelic amJamad „Tbilisi mariotis”
saxeliT aris cnobili 359, 481, 501, 502, 504, 508
arseniZe raJden maTes Ze _ politikuri moRvawe, iuristi, publi­
cisti. quTaisis sasuliero seminariis dasrulebis Semdeg swavlob­
da iurievis (tartus) universitetis iuridiul fakultetze. qarT­
velTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis quTaisis
ganyofilebis namdvili wevri, erovnuli sabWosa da damfuZnebeli
krebis wevri, social-demokrati. monawileoba miiRo 26 maisis aqtis
SemuSavebis procesSi. aqtiur saqmianobas eweoda partiis central­
ur komitetSi. garkveuli periodi muSaobda partiis mTavari period­
uli organos _ gazeT „erTobis“ redaqtorad. 1919 wlis TebervalSi
arCeul iqna saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad, sadac ikaveb­
da iuridiuli da sakonstitucio komisiis Tavmjdomaris posts, 1921
wlis saqarTvelos konstituciis ZiriTadi principebi swored misi
SemuSavebulia. 1920 wlis 2 ianvridan oficialurad daikava demokra­
tiuli respublikis iusticiis ministris posti, iyo araerTi samarT­
lebrivi reformis avtori, iniciatori 203, 247, 435, 464, 516, 519
asaTiani aleqsandre samsonis Ze _ iuristi, Jurnalisti, swavlob­
da moskovis komerciul institutSi ekonomikis specialobiT, daas­

609
rula peterburgis universitetis iuridiuli fakulteti. erov­nul-
demokratiuli partiis erT-erTi damfuZnebeli, mTavari komitetis
wevri. 1918 wlidan erovnuli sabWos wevri, arCeuli iyo adgilobrivi
mmarTvelobisa da TviTmmarTvelobis komisiis mdivnad, safinanso-­
sabiujeto komisiis wevrad, 1919 wlidan saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli
krebis deputatia, sxva wevrebTn erTad warmoadgenda edp-s fraqcias.
yrilobaze airCies Tavmjdomaris, spiridon kedias, moadgiled. Se­
dioda krebis sabiujeto-safinanso, Sromis, agrarul da sameurneo
komisiebSi 248, 249, 288, 486, 503, 504, 539, 553, 556, 557
axverdovi abduragim bek _ azerbaijanis diplomatiuri warmomad­
geneli 228
axmetelaSvili simon (siko) giorgis Ze (axmeteli) _ oficeri,
samxedro eqimi. daamTavra derptis (dorpti) universitetis savete­
rinaro fakulteti. I msoflio omis dros iyo oficeri, samxedro eqimi.
erovnuli sabWos wevri 1918 wlidan, 1919 wlidan airCies sa­­qa­rTvelos
damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad saqarTvelos social-demokratiuli mu­
SaTa partiidan; iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli
sazogadoebis wevri
aharoniani _ fosta-telegrafis mosamsaxure 109

b
babiloZe _ fosta-telegrafis moxele, social-demokratiuli par­
tiis wevri 74
bakuraZe mixeili _ quTaiseli moxele 75
baraTaSvili iese (ioseb, osiko) aleqsandres Ze _ advokati,
sazogado da politikuri moRvawe, qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis
gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri. daamTavra peterburgis uni­
versitetis iuridiuli fakulteti. saqarTvelos socialist-fed­
eralistTa partiis liderTagani, partiis mTavari komitetis wev­
ri, 1918 wlis maisSi airCies damoukidebeli saqarTvelos erovnuli
sabWos Tavmjdomaris moadgiled. miuxedavad imisa, rom emxroboda
saqarTvelos federaciul mowyobas, mxari dauWira saqarTvelos, ro­
gorc unitaruli sistemis saxelmwifos aucileblobas; asrulebda
iusticiis ministris movaleobas, 1919-1921 ww.-Si iyo damfuZnebeli
krebis wevri da soc. fed. fraqciis warmomadgeneli; iyo “saqarTve­
los demokratiuli respublikis sakonstitucio safuZvlebis Semd­
geni komisiis“ wevri, aqtiurad monawileobda saqarTvelos pirveli
konstituciis meTeqvsmete Tavis „saxelmwifo da eklesia“ SemuSavebis
procesSi 84, 87, 88, 99, 103, 112, 117, 421
beranJe rene _ frangi politikuri moRvawe, kriminalisti, (1830-
1915), nacionaluri sabWos wevri, senatis 225 wevridan iyo 75 ucvlel

610
senatorTa (sicocxlis bolomde) rigebSi. cnobili iyo pirobiTi ga­
Tavisuflebis ideis propagandiT 382
baramaZe-fxakaZe vera _ quTaisis fosta-telegrafis kantoris mo­
xele 75
beriZe vukol mixeilis Ze _ enaTmecnieri, pedagogi. daamTavra
quTaisis gimnazia. 1908 wels swavla gaagrZela peterburgSi univer­
sitetis aRmosavleTmcodneobis fakultetze. man safuZvliani ganaT­
leba miiRo qarTul enasa da literaturaSi, saqarTvelos istoria­
Si, sparsulsa da somxur enebSi. 1912 wlidan muSaobda maswavleblad
quTaisis gimnaziaSi. 1918 wlidan quTaisidan gadmodis TbilisSi, sa­
dac aseve ganaTlebis dargs emsaxureba. vukol beriZe 1909 wlidan iyo
„qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis“ nam­
dvili wevri, xolo 1912 wlidan quTaisis ganyofilebis wevri. didi
xnis ganmavlobaSi xelmZRvanelobda ganaTlebis saxalxo komisaria­
tis samecniero dawesebulebaTa sammarTvelos, iyo qarTuli saenaT­
mecniero sazogadoebis daarsebis monawile, saistorio-saeTnogra­
fio sazogadoebis wevri 116
bermani _ fosta-telegrafis olqis moxele 78, 113
berri JorJ _ safrangeTis parlamentis deputati 1895 wels 382
berZeniSvili _ socialist-federalisti 73, 74, 75, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95,
101, 105, 107, 108, 109, 112, 114, 115, 134
bernSteini erik adolfis Ze (teqstSi berSteini) _ maswavlebe­
li, 1917 wlidan saqarTvelos social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis
wevri. 1918 wels iyo amierkavkasiis seimis wevri; 1919 wlis Tebervli­
dan saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli krebis wevri. krebaSi iyo momaragebis
komisiis wevri da safinanso komisiis mdivani. aqtiur rols TamaSob­
da germaniasTan ekonomikuri da politikuri kavSirebis damyarebaSi.
sabWoTa okupaciis Semdeg cxovrobda germaniaSi, inarCunebda mudmiv
kavSirs qarTul politikur emigraciasTan 505
beselia _ foTeli tyis mrewveli 383
bismarki oto eduard leopold _ Tavadi fon bismark-Senhauzeni,
germaneli aristokrati da saxelmwifo moRvawe, prusiis premier-­
ministri (1862- 1890) da germaniis pirveli kancleri (1871- 1890 ), met­
saxelad „rkinis kancleri“. gamoirCeoda Tavisi oficialuri gancxa­
debebis lakonurobiT 456
bixovi _ moqalaqe, golovinis prospeqtze, kafe „marsis“ qveS flob­
da stamba-liTografias, saidanac miliciam 1918 wlis 26 agvistos 116
aTasi yalbi 50-maneTiani boni amoiRo 460, 476
brusilovi (teqstSi brusliovi) aleqsi aleqsis Ze _ rusi da sabWo­
Ta mxedarTmTavari, ruseTis saimperatoro armiis general-adiutan­
ti; muSaTa da glexTa wiTeli armiis kavaleriis mTavari inspeqtori.

611
Tebervlis revoluciis dros mxari dauWira nikoloz II-is damxobas
da xelisuflebaSi droebiTi mTavrobis mosvlas. 1917 wlis maisidan
ivlisamde droebiTi mTavrobis mier dainiSna umaRles mTavarsar­
dlad. iyo revoluciuri jaris nawilebis Seqmnis aqtiuri momxre.
1920 wlidan msaxurobda wiTel armiaSi 325

g
gabba melkiade _ italieli politikosi da samxedro piri, itali­
is armiis oficeri. italiis samefos misiis xelmZRvaneli amierkavka­
siaSi. 1919 w. italiisa da britaneTis premier-ministrebis molapa­
rakebis Semdeg, italiam amierkavkasiaze mandatis aRebis survili
gamoTqva. gabba 1919 wels meTaurobda italiis samxedro Zalebis
mier amierkavkasiaSi gagzavnil 18-kaciani misias, romelsac safuZ­
vlianad unda Seeswavla amierkavkasiis ekonomikuri da politikuri
mdgomareoba. gabba cdilobda, Tavisi samxedro misia sagareo saqmeTa
saministroSi gadasuliyo da kavkasiasTan mimarTebaSi ekonomikur
sakiTxebze emuSava. sabolood, 1920 w. italiuri savaWro misia es­
tumra saqarTvelos da SeTanxmebac Sedga tyvarCelis qvanaxSiris er­
Toblivi damuSavebis Sesaxeb. am sxdomaze saubaria werilze, romel­
Sic gabba acnobebs saqarTvelos mTavrobas londonis konferenciis
gadawyvetilebaze erTa ligis mfarvelobis qveS baTumis mcire tori­
toriuli zoniT porto-frankod gadaqcevis Sesaxeb. safrangeTi, ita­
lia da inglisi ki baTumSi garantad gamoagzavnidnen qveiTi jaris
TiTo batalions 23
gagloevi giorgi aleqsis Ze _ social-demokrati, swavlobda goris
sasulieri seminariaSi da germaniaSi sainJinro saswavlebelSi. 1903
wlidan gaxda ruseTis social-demokratiuli partiis wevri. mogvi­
anebiT gaerTianda ruseTis social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis
menSevikebis fraqciaSi. publikaciebs aqveynebda rogoc rusul, aseve
qarTul presaSic. CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi, kerZod armavirSi, daaarsa
„Sromis birJa“. 1917 wlis revoluciis Semdeg g. gagloevi xdeba ar­
maviris muSaTa da jariskacTa deputatebis sabWos Tavmjdomare. am­
ave wels igi gaxda saqarTvelos erovnuli sabWos wevri. 1919 wels
damfuZnebeli krebis arCevnebSi monawileobda saqarTvelos social-­
demokratiuli partiis saxeliT da arCeul iqna damfuZnebel krebaSi
128, 177, 192, 193, 480, 606
gaCeCilaZe _ Tbilisis erT-erTi raionis gamgeobis Tavmjdomare, so­
cial-demokrati 80
gegeWkori evgeni petres Ze _ politikuri, saxelmwifo da sazoga­
do moRvawe, qarTuli social-demokratiis erT-erTi lideri, iuris­
ti. daamTavra moskovis universitetis iuridiuli fakulteti. aqti­
urad monawileobda studentur moZraobaSi. iyo qarTvel studentT

612
saTvistomos ucvleli Tavmjdomare. 1903 gawevrianda rsdmp-Si. par­
tiaSi momxdari ganxeTqilebis dros e. gegeWkorma menSevikebis mxa­
re daikava. 1907-1912 ww-Si iyo III mowvevis saxelmwifo saTaTbiros
deputati quTaisis guberniidan da social-demokratiuli fraqciis
erT-erTi lideri, k. CxeiZesTan erTad. icavda poloneTisa da fine­
Tis saxelmwifoebriv uflebebs, sistematurad TanamSromlobda so­
cial-demokratiul gamomcemlobebTan. mWidrod TanamSromlobda
antantis blokis diplomatebTan. iyo moTave kavkasiuri (somxeT-­­sa­
qarTvelo-azerbaijan-mTielebis) konferenciebisa. man araerTxel
iTamaSa Suamavlis roli somxebsa da azerbaijanelebs Soris. miaCnda
ra, rom erTiani kavkasia iyo damoukideblobis dacvis mTavari piro­
ba. iyo pirveli respublikis sagareo saqmeTa (1918-1919) da iusticiis
ministri (12 marti, 1921), amierkavkasiis komisariatis Tavmjdomare,
amierkavkasiis mTavrobis (seimis) Tavmjdomare, ruseTis saxelmwifo
saTaTbiros deputati, qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebe­
li sazogadoebis wevri 17, 40, 55, 56, 224, 283, 317, 341, 516, 517, 549, 561
gegeWkori aleqsi (saSa) _ qarTveli bolSeviki, revolucioneri,
partiuli da saxelmwifo moRvawe. 1905-1907 wlebis revoluciis aq­
tiuri monawile. bolSevikuri teroristuli jgufebisa da razmebis
organizatori da xelmZRvaneli amierkavkasiaSi. 1908 wlidan ­rsdmp-s
bolSevikuri frTis wevri. 1917 wels Seqmna bolSevikTa quTaisis
biuro. imave wels iyo duSeTis bolSevikuri ajanyebis xelmZRvane­
li. 1919 wlidan iyo CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi moqmedi bolSevikuri Sei­
araRebuli razmis meTauri. iyo saqarTvelos gasabWoebis aqtiuri
monawile. 1921 wels iyo Tbilisis revkomis Tavmjdomare da saqar­
Tvelos revkomis wevri 301
gedevaniSvili _ aleqsandres saxelobis bavSvTa TavSesafris gamge 253
geleiSvili petre pavles Ze _ social-demokrati, mTavrobis war­
momadgeneli. daamTavra quTaisis saqalaqo saswavlebeli. TanamSrom­
lobda peterburgis social-demokratiul organoebSi: „novoe slo­
vo“, „naCalo“, „Jizn“, sadac amierkavkasiis ganyofilebas ganagebda.
1903-05 ww.-Si iyo baqos saqalaqo TviTmmarTvelobis mdivani. 1918
wels gaxda amierkavkasiis seimis wevri, saqarTvelos erovnuli sabWo­
sa da damfuZnebeli krebis wevri, 1918 wlidan saqarTvelos miwaT­
moqmedebisa da Sromis ministris moadgile, qarTvelTa Soris wera-
kiT­xvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis samtrediis ganyofilebisa da
Tbilisis ganyofilebis mudmivi wevri 52, 79, 95, 337
gvazava giorgi beJanis Ze _ iuristi, mwerali, mTargmneli, publi­
cisti, qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoe­
bis wevri. daamTavra moskovis saimperatoro universitetis iurid­
iuli fakulteti. muSaobda advokatad, TanamSromlobda qarTul
da rusul presaSi. saqarTvelos erovnul-demokratiuli partiis

613
erT-erTi damfuZnebeli; 1917 wels Sedioda amierkavkasiis gansa­
kuTrebul komitetTan Seqmnil erovnebaTa sabWos SemadgenlobaSi;
1917 wels aqtiurad monawileobda saqarTvelos erovnuli yrilo­
bis muSaobaSi, airCies erovnuli sabWosa da misi aRmaskomis wevrad;
1919 wlidan iyo damfuZnebeli krebis wevri, edp-is saparlamento
fraqciis lideri, sakonstitucio komisiis wevri da mdivani, kon­
stituciis saredaqcio komisiis wevri, aseve Sedioda krebis (par­
lamentis) sareglamento da sagareo saqmeTa komisiebSi. 1920 wels
gamosca naSromi „ZiriTadi principebi sakonstitucio uflebisa“
38, 39, 42, 51, 52, 54, 55, 57, 222, 225, 226, 250, 251, 252, 287, 335, 341, 342,
348, 350, 357, 373, 374, 378, 379, 386, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 401, 420,
422, 424, 439, 440, 504, 505, 526, 527
giorgaZe grigol timoTes (kimoTes) Ze _ politikosi, istoriko­
si, iuristi, publicisti, daamTavra quTaisis sasuliero seminaria,
swavlobda tartusa da odesis universitetebSi. 1909 daamTavra xar­
kovis univeristetis iuridiuli fakulteti. 1905-1920 ww-Si iyo so­
cial-demokratiuli partiis wevri. 1909-1910 ww.-Si _ gaz. „fonis“
redaqtor-gamomcemeli (quTaisi). 1918 wlis aprilSi dainiSna amierka­
vkasiis federaciuli respublikis samxedro ministrad. 1918 wlis 26
maiss damoukideblobis gamocxadebis Semdeg ki _ saqarTvelos demokra­
tiuli respublikis samxedro ministrad. iyo damfuZnebeli krebis
wevri social-demokratiuli partiidan. 1920 wels dainiSna baTumis
olqSi mTavrobis warmomadgenlad. iyo qar­TvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis
gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri, quTaisis guberniis komisari 60,
96, 125, 137, 138, 143, 145, 146, 160, 161, 162, 177, 196, 197, 200, 232, 249, 270,
307, 480, 481, 491, 495, 501, 504, 508, 510, 531, 532, 534, 560, 563
giorgi (TeTri) _ marTlmadidebeli qristianobis erT-erTi yvelaze
pativcemuli wmindani 331
gobeCia ivane pavles Ze _ socialist-revolucioneri, nafici veqi­
li. ganaTleba peterburgis universitetSi miiRo, sadac iuridi­
uli fakulteti daamTavra. ruseTis socialist-revolucionerTa
partiaSi saqmianobas peterburgis muSaTa organizaciebSi eweoda.
iyo quTaisis sagubernio aRmasrulebeli komitetis Tavmjdomar­
is moadgile, quTaisis muSaTa da jariskacTa sabWos Tavmjdomaris
moadgile, kavkasiis jariskacTa samxareo sabWos wevri, quTaisis gu­
berniis komisari, kavkasiis jariskacTa sabWoebis yrilobebis del­
egati. monawileobda saqarTvelos pirvel erovnul yrilobaSi da
xelmZRvanelobda yrilobis erovnuli sakiTxis seqciis muSaobas.
erovnuli sabWos wevri 1917-1921 ww., saqarTvelos respublikis dam­
fuZnebeli krebis wevri. qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcele­
beli sazogadoebis wevri 42, 339, 342, 420
gogiCaiSvili filipe gabrielis Ze _ daamTavra laipcigis uni­
versitetis filosofiis fakultetis ekonomikis ganyofileba fi­

614
losofiis doqtoris xarisxiT (1901). politikuri da sazogado
moRvawe, ekonomikis mecierebaTa doqtori, saqarTvelos mecniere­
bis damsaxurebuli moRvawe, qarTuli ekonomikuri skolis erT-er­
Ti fuZemdebeli, 1905-1906 ww.-Si redaqtorobda gazeT „iverias“,
sxvadasxva dros iyo Tbilisis saqalaqo saTaTbiros, kavkasiis sof­
lis meurneobis sazogadoebis statistikuri biuros xelmZRvaneli
(1903-1913 ww.), sruliad ruseTis saerobo kavSiris rwmunebuli am­
ierkavkasiaSi (1914-1916), kaxeTis rkinigzis gamgeobis Tavmjdomare
(1917-1918). saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis saxelmwifo
kontroliori anu ministri (1918-1920 ww.-Si), Tbilisis universi­
tetis erT-erTi damaarsebeli, erovnuli krebisa da damfuZnebeli
krebis wevri, qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazo­
gadoebis wevri 594
golovini evgeni aleqsandres Ze _ kavkasiis mTavarmarTebeli (1838-
42), ruseTis imperiis armiis infanteriis generali (1839). daamTavra
moskovis universiteti. 1838-42 ww. meTaurobda kavkasiis korpuss, at­
arebda rusifikatorul politikas. man ganamtkica ruseTis gavlena
kavkasiaze. aqtiur saomar operaciebs marTavda Samilis winaaRmdeg.
xelmZRvanelobda gzaTa mSeneblobasa da simagreTa agebas Savi zRvis
sanapiroze, saqarTvelos samxedro gzaze, CaCneTsa da daRestanSi.
misi mmarTvelobis dros, 1841, ifeTqa guriis glexTa ajanyebam, rome­
lic sastikad CaaxSes. ajanyebis meTaurebis mimarT mTavarmarTeblis
da mier gamotanili ganaCeni imdenad mkacri iyo, rom nikoloz I-ma igi
sagrZnoblad Searbila. 1917 oqtombris revoluciamde misi saxeli
erqva axlandel rusTavelis prospeqts 489, 505
gomarTeli ivane gedevanis Ze _ eqimi, mwerali, publicisti, kri­
tikosi. swavlobda Tbilisis saTavadaznauro saswavlebelSi, Semdeg
1894 w. oqros medliT daamTavra Tbilisis me-2 gimnazia. amave wels
Cairicxa moskovis saimperatoro universitetis samedicino fakulte­
tze. paralelurad, Seudga fsiqologiis, istoriis, literaturis,
filosofiis Seswavlas da daiwyo publicisturi moRvaweoba. igi
TanamSromlobda qarTul presaSi _ „iveriaSi“, „kvalSi“, „jejil­
sa“ da „moambeSi“, aqveynebda mxatvrul da istoriul-publicistur
statiebs. 1906 wels ruseTis pirveli saxelmwifo saTaTbiros depu­
tatad airCies social-demokratiuli partiidan. man gansakuTrebuli
politikuri aqtiuroba 1917 w-dan daiwyo. iyo saqarTvelos demokra­
tiuli respublikis erovnuli sabWosa da damfuZnebeli krebis wev­
ri, (social-demokratiuli partia), „mesame dasis“ wevri, „alioneli“,
mmarTveli social-demokratiuli partiis erT-erTi gamorCeuli
ideologi. qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazoga­
doebis gamgeobis wevri 8, 69, 70, 71, 98, 122, 123, 124, 127, 128, 133, 140,
142, 143, 144, 161, 170, 176, 196, 198, 199, 209, 256, 257, 312, 313, 405, 450,
451, 481, 508, 509, 526, 534, 535, 568, 569, 572, 573, 574, 592, 594, 602, 603

615
goSua _ walkis raionis miliciis ufrosi, moqalaqeTa sastiki mopy­
robis gamo samarTalSi iqna micemuli 582, 587
guruli zaqaria daviTis Ze _ social-demokrati, eweoda Jurnalis­
tur moRvaweobas, werda social-demokratiul presaSi: „Cveni sityva“,
„cxovrebis sarke“, „wyaro“ da sxv. misi werilebis didi nawili muSaTa
problemebs exeboda. social-demokratiul partiaSi ganxeTqilebis
dros menSevikebs miemxro da am poziciaze darCa sicocxlis bolom­
de. erovnuli sabWos wevri 1918 wlidan; 1919 wlidan damfuZnebeli
krebis wevri social-demokratiuli partiis siiT, saxalxo gvardiis
Stabis wevri. muSaobda social-demokratiuli partiis centralur
komitetSi 181, 232, 237, 238, 256, 257, 480, 532, 534

d
dadiani samson platonis Ze _ politikuri da sazogado moRvawe,
dramaturgi, kritikosi, iuristi. daamTavra quTaisis realuri sas­
wavlebeli da peterburgis universitetis iuridiuli fakulteti
(1908). iyo saqarTvelos socialist-federalistTa partiis e. w. meo­
re Taobis TvalsaCino warmomadgeneli. 1913 ukve Sedioda partiis aq­
tiur birTvSi. 1917 wels dadiani monawileobda qarTuli partiebis
interpartiul SekrebaSi. noemberSi Semdgar pirvel erovnul yri­
lobaze airCies erovnuli sabWos wevrad da mdivnad soc-fed. parti­
idan. 1918 wlis ivnisidan iyo damoukidebeli saqarTvelos umaRlesi
sakanonmdeblo organos erovnuli sabWos wevri. Sedioda soc-fed.
partiis saparlamento fraqciaSi. 1919 wlis agvistos damatebiTi
arCevnebis dros, airCies saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad.
mniSvnelovani wvlili Seitana saqarTvelos pirveli konstituciis
SemuSavebis procesSi. Sedioda „saqarTvelos demokratiuli respub­
likis sakonstitucio safuZvlebis Semdgen komisiaSi“. s. dadians dae­
vala konstituciis erT-erTi Tavis _ „erovnul umciresobaTa ufle­
bebis Sesaxeb SemuSaveba, romelic konstituciis meToTxmete Tavis
saxiT ganxorcielda. iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcele­
beli sazogadoebis Tbilisis ganyofilebis wevri 21, 52, 61, 71, 80, 81,
82, 85, 86, 87, 90, 91, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 112, 113, 115, 116, 117, 380,
385, 392, 394, 396, 408, 443, 523
daviTaSvili _ olqis fosta-telegrafis TanamSromeli 76
davlianiZe _ social-demokratiuli partiis wevri 79
dani _ ingliseli maiori 22
d’anuncio gabriele (Gabriele D’Annunzio) _ cnobili italieli mwer­
ali, poeti, romanisti, dramaturgi da politikuri moRvawe. Tavis
nawarmoebebSi aRvivebda zeadamianis ideas. 1915-1918 wlebSi monaw­
ileobda pirvel msoflio omSi, mieniWa maioris wodeba. omis Semdeg
gaxda faSistur organizaciebTan dakavSirebuli erT-erTi naciona­

616
listuri moZraobis lideri. mxars uWerda musolinis. 1919 wlis 12
seqtembers daipyro xorvatiis saporto qalaqi rieka, igive fiume.
miiTvisa komendantis tituli da gaxda respublika fiumes faqto­
brivi diqtatori 1920 wlis dekembramde. riekes okupaciis period­
Si gamocdil iqna faSisturi italiis politikuri stilis mravali
elementi. antantis kategoriuli moTxovniT italiis mTavrobam 1920
wlis dekemberSi aiZula danuncio da misi razmi, daetovebina rieku
50, 53
devdariani _ fosta-telegrafis TanamSromeli 76
denikini anton ivanes Ze _ rusi generali, mxedarTmTavari, TeTri
moZraobis lideri. 1917 april-maisSi iyo umaRlesi mTavarsardlis
Stabis ufrosi, Semdeg – dasavleTis da samxreT-dasavleTis fron­
tebis sardali. 1918 Semodgomaze gaxda „samxreT ruseTis SeiaraRebu­
li Zalebis“ mTavarsardali da ruseTis umaRlesi mmarTvelis admi­
ral a. kolCakis moadgile. denikini icavda „mTliani da ganuyofeli“
ruseTis principebs da ar cnobda carizmis damxobis Semdeg aRmocen­
ebul damoukidebel erTeulebs, maT Soris saqarTvelos; pretenzi­
as acxadebda mTel samxedro qonebaze, romelic omis dros amierka­
vkasiaSi dagrovda. moiTxovda dauyovnebliv gadaecaT ruseTisTvis
TviT afxazeTi. misi samxreTis dasayrdeni amierkavkasiaSi e. w. „rusTa
erovnuli sabWo“ iyo. sakuTari Sesakrebi biuroebis meSveobiT de­
nikinma moxaliseTa armiaSi gasawvevad marto TbilisSi 4000-ze meti
oficeri aRricxa 15, 16, 24, 32, 36, 37, 55, 56, 73, 284, 285, 286, 287, 289,
301, 305, 325, 341, 383, 483, 487, 525, 530, 536, 552
didimamiSvili _ iuristi 75
dumbaZe _ profkavSiris gamgeobis wevri 73, 74, 79
dumbaZe raJden glaxuas Ze _ bankiri, qarTvelTa Soris wera-­kiTxvis
gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri, kavkavis ganyofilebis gamgeo­
bis Tavmjdomare 451

e
eliava nikoloz zurabis Ze _ iuristi da Jurnalisti, advokati.
daasrula moskovis universitetis iuridiuli fakulteti. 1898-1917
wlebSi iyo rsdmp-is wevri bolSevikTa fraqciidan, 1917 wlidan men­
SevikTa fraqciis wevri, monawileobda revoluciur moZraobaSi, iyo
mgznebare marqsisti. erovnuli sabWosa da damfuZnebeli krebis wev­
ri, saxalxo meurneobis umaRlesi sabWos ekonomisti, damfuZnebeli
krebis wevri (social-demokratiuli partiis siiT), Tbilisis qalaq­
is mouravi. qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazoga­
doebis namdvili wevr, Tbilisis ganyofilebis wevri 9, 560, 594
eligulaSvili (eliguliSvili) ioseb aaronis Ze _ daamTavra
quTaisis realuri saswavlebeli da moskovis komerciuli institu­

617
ti. saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis saxelmwifo moRvawe,
iyo sagareo vaWrobis komitetis, saqarTvelos erovnuli sabWosa da
damfuZnebeli krebis wevri. misi faqsimile dafiqsirebulia saqarTve­
los damoukideblobis aRdgenis aqtze. iyo saqarTvelos demokrati­
uli respublikis finansTa da vaWroba-mrewvelobis ministris moadg­
ile. Sedioda dasavleT evropis qveynebSi gagzavnili samTavrobo
delegaciebis SemadgenlobaSi, romlebic saqarTvelos ekonomikuri
mdgomareobis gamosworebis mizniT sagareo valis aRebas cdilobd­
nen. 1920 wels dainiSna saqarTvelos xelisuflebis ekonomikur war­
momadgenlad parizsa da roterdamSi, ris gamoc gaTavisuflda dam­
fuZnebeli krebis wevrobidan. gasabWoebis Semdeg qveynis erovnuli
saganZuris mcvelis, eqvTime TayaiSvilis TanaSemwed dainiSna. misi xe­
lSewyobiT SeiZina saqarTvelos devnilma mTavrobam parizTan axlos,
daba levilSi mdebare mamuli da sasaxle (1922). iyo emigrant qarTvel
ebraelTa asociaciis Tavmjdomare. safrangeTis okupaciis periodSi
(1940-1944 ww.) gavlenian qarTvel emigrantebTan erTad mniSvnelovani
wvlili Seitana qarTveli ebraelebis gadarCenaSi 8, 99, 133, 134, 192
efendievi _ azerbaijanis konsuli baTumSi 58

v
vasaZe _ fosta-telegrafis olqis moxele 78, 113
veqilovi _ azerbaijanis diplomatiuri warmomadgeneli saqarTve­
loSi 13
veSapeli grigol giorgis Ze _ politikuri da sazogado moRvawe,
publicisti, daamTavra quTaisis klasikuri gimnazia. imave wels Cair­
icxa moskovis saimperatoro universitetis istoria-filologiur
fakultetze da iRebda kavkasiis saswavlo olqis stipendias. iyo
moskovis qarTvel studentTa saTvistomos erT-erTi xelmZRvaneli,
aqtiurad iyo CarTuli moskovis qarTuli koloniis kulturul-sazo­
gadoebriv cxovrebaSi. universitetis damTavrebis Semdeg iqve gaagr­
Zela swavla iuridiul fakultetze. 1917 wlis Tebervlis revoluci­
is Semdeg dabrunda saqarTveloSi, 1917–1918 wlebSi redaqtorobda
gazeT „saqarTvelos“. aqtiurad monawileobda erovnul-demokrati­
uli partiis dafuZnebaSi, iyo partiis erT-erTi lideri. 1917 wels
arCeul iqna partiis mTavar komitetSi. imave wels am partiis siiT
airCies Tbilisis qalaqis xmosnad. iyo interpartiuli sabWos da misi
aRmasrulebeli komitetis wevri. saqarTvelos erovnul yrilobaze
(1917 wlis noemberi) airCies erovnuli sabWosa Tavmjdomaris moadg­
iled. iyo amierkavkasiis seimis wevri. 1918 TebervalSi monawileobda
trapizonis sazavo konferenciis muSaobaSi. 1919 wlis seqtemberSi
airCies saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad damoukidebeli na­
cional-demokratiuli partiisagan partiis saparlamento fraqciis

618
Tavmjdomared. iyo gazeT „kldis“ redaqtori, 1920 wels gazeT „na­
cionalistis“, xolo 1920-1921 wlebSi gazeT „miwis“ redaqtori. Tav­
mjdomareobda erovnul-demokratiul partias, 1920 wels sxvebTan
erTad Seqmna saqarTvelo mesakuTreTa erovnuli partia. sabWoTa
ruseTis mier saqarTvelos aneqsiis (1921) Semdeg monawileobda baTum­
Si saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli krebis salikvidacio sxdomis muSaoba­
Si. iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis
wevri 8, 9, 41, 44, 47, 54, 57, 98, 122, 167, 170, 173, 179, 181, 182, 183, 184,
216, 224, 226, 227, 228, 241, 242, 243, 248, 249, 270, 287, 292, 318, 337, 343,
344, 350, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 362, 364, 365, 380, 402, 407, 408, 413,
432, 440, 441, 444, 445, 556, 447, 465, 478, 485, 486, 487, 488, 491, 492, 493,
494, 498, 499, 547, 551, 552, 553, 555, 556, 557
viviani _ safrangeTis parlamentis deputati 1895 wels 382
vilsoni/uilsoni Tomas vudro (ingl. Thomas Woodrow Wilson) _ poli­
tikosi, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis 28-e prezidenti (1913-21 ww).
1919 wels parizis samSvidobo konferenciaSi monawileobis gamo is
amerikis pirveli prezidenti gaxda, vinc Tanamdebobaze yofnis dros
evropaSi vizitiT imyofeboda. uilsoni versalis xelSekrulebis
erT-erTi avtori da erTa ligis Seqmnis mxardamWeri iyo. erTa ligis
daarsebaSi Setanili wvlilisTvis igi 1919 wels nobelis samSvidobo
premiiT daajildoves 214
vilhelmi/vilhelm II fridrix vilhelm albert viqtor fon hoen­
colerni, (germ. Friedrich Wilhelm Albert Victor von Hohenzollern) _ germani­
is kaizeri da prusiis mefe 1888-1918 wlebSi. germaniis ukanaskneli
imperatori. misi saxeli germaniis flotis daarsebasac ukavSirdeba.
vilhelmis mefoba aRiniSna germaniis saxelmwifos rolis gaZliere­
biT da pirveli msoflio omis dawyebiT 27
virsalaZe spiridon simonis Ze _ Terapevti, medicinis mecniere­
baTa doqtori, profesori. iyo saqarTveloSi mecnieruli Terapii­
sa da tropikuli medicinis erT-erTi fuZemdebeli, saqarTveloSi
samedicino ganaTlebis erT-erTi organizatori. 1896 daamTavra
tomskis universitetis samedicino fakulteti. 1909 moskovSi daicva
sadoqtoro disertacia. 1909 wlidan muSaobda mixeilis saavadmyo­
fos mTavari eqimis moadgiled da Terapiuli ganyofilebis gamged.
misi TaosnobiT TbilisSi 1916-1917 ww-Si daarsda qarTvel eqimTa da
bunebismetyvelTa sazogadoeba, romelmac didi roli iTamaSa Tbili­
sis universitetSi samkurnalo fakultetis daarsebaSi. 1919 airCies
Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis profesorad da paTologiu­
ri Terapiis kaTedris gamged. misi iniciativiT Seiqmna tropikul
sneulebaTa centraluri sadguri, romelic 1924 w. tropikul sneule­
baTa institutad gadakeTda 573

619
z
zandukeli mixeil oTaris Ze (qaixosro) _ cnobili kurortolo­
gi da fizio-Terapevti. 1909 wels daamTavra moskovis universitetis
samedicino fakulteti. iyo sakurorto saqmis erT-erTi organiza­
tori saqarTveloSi. misi xelmZRvanelobiT gaixsna sanatoriumebi
borjomsa da abasTumanSi, TbilisSi (gogirdis wyliTa da talaxiT
samkurnalo), Tbilisis balneologiuri kurorti. iyo moskovSi qarT­
velTa sazogadoebis daarsebis iniciatori da am sazogadoebis gamge­
obis wevri, moskovis saeqimo Sromis samedicino biuros Tavmjdomare
(1907w.) m. zandukeli usasyidlod emsaxureboda qarTuli sazogadoe­
bis mier moskovSi mowyobil lazareTs. 1918 w. xelmZRvanelobda saqa­
rTvelos wiTeli jvris saorganizacio samuSaoebs 209
zedgeniZe (teqstSi zedginiZe) ivane besarionis ze _ nafici msaju­
li, 1919 wels Tbilisis qalaqis sabWos xmosnis kandidatad wardgeni­
li iyo erovnul-demokratiuli partiis siiT 255, 257, 267
zurabiSvili ivane ivanes Ze _ iuristi, publicisti, mTargmneli,
sazogado da politikuri moRvawe, saqarTvelos demokratiuli re­
spublikis senatis wevri. daamTavra quTaisis klasikuri gimnazia.
umaRlesi ganaTleba kievisa da moskovis universitetebSi miiRo.
1908-1919 wlebSi amierkavkasiis rkinigzis mTavari iuriskonsultia.
ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi xelmZRvanelobda saTavadaznauro bank­
is zedamxedvel komitets. iyo Tbilisis nafic veqilTa sazogadoebis
Tavmjdomare, tyibulis maRaroTa gamgeobis Tavmjdomare. monawile­
obda “qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis”,
qarTuli saTavadaznauro skolis damxmare komitetisa da qarTuli
dramatuli saz-bis muSaobaSi. sxvebTan erTad iyo erovnul-demokra­
tiuli partiis erT-erTi damfuZnebeli, 1918 wlidan amave partiis
centraluri komitetis wevri. amave wels airCies saqarTvelos sena­
tis wevrad. iyo samoqalaqo sakasacio departamentSi nafici veqili.
1921 wels igi sakaTolikoso sabWos mrCevelia. iyo qarTvelTa Soris
wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis Tbilisis ganyofilebis
mudmivi wevri 209, 210
zurgieliZe solomon zurabis Ze (fsevdonimi kvirti) _ ibeW­
deboda yovelkvireul iumoristul Jurnal ,,eSmakis maTraxSi“ 423

T
TayaiSvili eqvTime svimonis Ze _ (wminda eqvTime RvTiskaci), qa­
rTveli mecnieri da sazogado moRvawe, istorikosi, akademikosi,
Tbilisi saxelmwifo universitetis erT-erTi damfuZnebeli. ozu­
rgeTis samazro saswavleblisa da quTaisis klasikuri gimnaziis
dasrulebis Semdeg, 1887 daamTavra peterburgis saimperatoro
universitetis istoria-filologiis fakulteti, iqve moipova mec­

620
nierebaTa kandidatis xarisxic. aqtiurad monawileobda, saqarTve­
los erovnul-demokratiuli partiis dafuZnebaSi, 1917 wels iyo
saqarTvelos pirveli erovnuli yrilobis delegati, gaxda sabWos
wevri, uZRveboda sabWos sabiblioTeko komisias, 1919 wels gaxda
damfuZnebeli krebis wevri, (erovnul-demokratiuli partiis siiT),
arCeuli iyo krebis Tav­mjdomaris moadgiled, aseve muSaobda dam­
fuZnebeli krebis saxalxo ganaTlebis, xelovnebis komisiebSi. iyo
qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri,
saqarTvelos saistorio da saeTnografio sazogadoebis damaarsebe­
li da Tavmjdomare. misi TaosnobiT dafuZnda saqarTvelos erovnu­
li arqivi 7, 67, 97, 116, 120, 130, 131, 141, 159, 176, 195, 196, 241, 269, 359,
388, 427, 449, 479, 507, 529, 559, 567, 594
TumaniSvili _ warCinebuli gvaris warmomadgeneli 192
Tevzaia biqtor vasilis Ze _ iuristi, qarTveli social-­demokrati,
revolucioneri, publicisti, Jurnalisti, (fsevdonimi „b. TeklaTe­
li“). daamTavra Jenevis universitetis iuridiuli fakulteti, amave
universitetSi, rogorc privat-docenti, politikur ekonomiaSi
leqciebs kiTxulobda. 1905 wlis revoluciur moZraobaSi aqtiur
monawileobas iRebda foTsa da samegreloSi. 1917 airCies soc. dem.
partiis centralur komitetSi. saqarTvelos demokratiuli respub­
likis periodSi iyo erovnuli sabWosa da damfuZnebeli krebis wevri.
damfuZnebel krebaSi muSaobda Sromis komisiaSi. 1918-1920 ww-Si iyo
saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis elCi ukrainis saxalxo res­
publikaSi 305, 411, 415, 432, 447, 450, 451, 454, 456, 457, 466, 481, 493, 494,
504, 534, 551, 560, 568, 606
TofuriZe diomide aleqsandres Ze _ politikuri moRvawe, so­
cial-demokrati, Jurnalisti, iuristi. umaRlesi ganaTleba Jenevis
da parizis iuridiul fakultetebze miiRo. erTxans iyo gaz. „kva­
lis“ redaqtori. Semdeg rusul gamocemebSi muSaobda saratovsa da
moskovSi. 1903 monawileoba miiRo rsdmp-is II yrilobaze da miemxro
menSevikebs. iyo amierkavkasiis da Semdeg saqarTvelos momaragebis
komitetis Tavmjdomare. saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis
erovnuli sabWosa da damfuZnebeli krebis wevri. 1919 wels airCies
quTisis qalaqis Tavad. 1919 wels muSaobda baTumSi saqarTvelos
demokratiuli respublikis diplomatiuri misiis xelmZRvaneblad.
iyo CarTuli baTumSi myof inglisis warmomadgenlebTan molaparake­
bebSi, sadac ara erTxel daisva rogorc saqarTvelos teritoriuli
mTlianobis, aseve,saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis de faqto
da de iure aRiarebis sakiTxi. iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gam­
avrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri 341, 455, 456, 476

621
i
iakovleva _ fosta-telegrafis TanamSromeli 76, 93, 94
imnaiSvili nikifore besarionis Ze _ social-demokrati, swav­
lobda germaniaSi hales universitetis filosofiis fakultetze.
1904 SeuerTda rsdm partiis menSevikur fraqcias. eweoda pedago­
giur saqmianobas. 1917 wlis Tebervlis revoluciis Semdeg goris
mazris muSaTa da jariskacTa sabWos Tavmjdomare, 1918 wlidan
erovnuli sabWosa da 1919 wlidan damfuZnebeli krebis wevri so­
cial-demokratiuli partiis siiT. krebaSi saqmianobda ganaTlebis,
sabiblioTeko, sareglamento da safinanso-sabiujeto komisiebSi.
iyo Tbilisis erovnuli samxatvro galereis da foTis radiosad­
guris Seqmnis iniciatori, 1920 wlidan social-demokratiuli, Sida
opoziciis gazeT „axali sxivis“ jgufis wevri. „sxivelebTan“ erTad
moiTxovda partiisa da samTavrobo Tanamdebobebis SeuTavseblo­
bis sakiTxis mogvarebas. 1921 w-is TebervalSi jgufi damfuZnebel
krebaSi damoukidebel social-demokratiul fraqciad Camoyalib­
da. sabWoTa ruseTis mier saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublik­
is okupaciis Semdeg darCa saqarTveloSi. TanamoazreebTan erTad
garkveuli periodi gamoscemda gaz. „axali sxivs“. qarTvelTa Soris
wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis xaSuris ganyofilebis
namdvili wevri 8, 9, 98, 99, 124, 129, 130, 131, 132, 143, 136, 138, 139, 140,
143, 144, 146, 155, 156, 157, 160, 161, 166, 168, 173, 176, 177, 184, 185, 186,
188, 190, 196, 199, 200, 201, 202, 231, 232, 237, 252, 344, 346, 360, 369, 371,
372, 385, 386, 428, 450, 451, 453, 480, 481, 482, 493, 495, 497, 508, 512, 513,
532, 560, 566, 568, 576, 578
ioanidi petre _ social-demokratiuli partiis walkis raionuli
biuros wevri 584
iudeniCi nikoloz nikolozis Ze (rus. Никола́й Никола́евич Юде́нич _
rusi samxedro moRvawe, infanteriis generali, e.w. TeTrgvardielTa
moZraobis erT-erTi lideri. 1907 wlidan kavkasiis samxedro olqis
Stabis general-kvartermeisteri. 1912 wlidan general-leitenanti
da kavkasiis samxedro olqis Stabis ufrosi. 1915 wlidan infanteri­
is generali. Tebervlis revoluciis Semdeg undobloba gamoucxada
droebiT mTavrobas, gadadga da datova kavkasiis fronti. 1918 wlis
bolodan iyo TeTrgvardielebis erT-erTi lideri CrdiloeT ruseT­
sa da baltiispireTSi 286

k
kavkasiZe _ borCalos mazris social-demokratiuli partiis admin­
istraciis wevri 581, 585
kalandaZe _ depeSaTa saagentos direqtori 419, 420, 423

622
kalaZe ermaloz Tedores Ze _ social-demokrati, ganaTleba
jer ojaxSi, Semdeg ki soflis saswavlebelSi miiRo. 1905 wlidan
iyo rsdmp-s menSevikebis fraqciis wevri, 1919 wels airCies saqar­
Tvelos demokratiuli respublikis damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad
(social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis siiT. 1917-1921 wlebSi iyo
sa­xalxo gvardiis Sorapnis Stabis wevri 157, 196, 201
kandelaki konstantine platonis Ze _ saqarTvelos demokratiuli
respublikis saxelmwifo moRvawe. daamTavra quTaisis sasuliero sem­
inaria da moskovis komerciuli instituti. iyo finansTa da vaWro­
ba-mrewvelobis ministris moadgile (1918-1919) da Semdeg (1919-1921)
ministri, didi wvlili miuZRvis saqarTvelos demokratiuli respub­
likis fulis niSnis (bonis) mimoqcevaSi SemoRebis mizaniT Catarebul
mosamzadebel samuSaoSi. misi faqsimile dafiqsirebuli iyo qarTuli
qaRaldis niSnis yvela nominalze. misi saqmianobis Sedegad im perio­
dis qarTuli maneTi mezobel qveynebTan SedarebiT stabilur kurss
inarCunebda. iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli
sazogadoebis wevri 338
karetini _ fosta-telegrafis olqis moxele 78
kaSia _ profesionaluri kavSiris centraluri gamgeobis wevri 75
kedia spiridon _ publicisti, saqarTvelos erovnul-demokratiuli
partiis erT-erTi damfuZnebeli da Tavmjdomare; swavlobda sorbo­
nis universitetSi, daamTavra monpelies universiteti da muSaob­
da fiziologiaSi doqtoris xarisxis mosapoveblad. 1917 wels Ca­
moayaliba erovnul-demokratiuli partiis saorganizacio mTavari
komiteti; 1917 wels airCies erovnuli sabWos wevrad, monawileobda
amierkavkasia-osmaleTis baTumis sazavo konferenciaSi, Sedioda dam­
fuZnebeli krebis saarCevno da sakonstitucio komisiaSi; 1919 wels
airCies damfuZnebeli krebis deputatad; iyo sakonstitucio, TviT­
mmarTvelobis da adgilobrivi mmarTvelobis mudmivi komisiebis
wevri; parlamentSi Camoayaliba memarjvene opozicia da mudmivad
akritikebda xelisuflebis saqmianobis xarvezebs, miuTiTebda Sec­
domebze, gansakuTrebiT qveynis Tavdacvis ganmtkicebis saqmeSi. misi
uSualo xelmZRvanelobiT momzadda konstituciis Tavi „saxelmwifo
Tavdacva“. iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazo­
gadoebis wevri 288, 311, 375, 376, 378, 386, 393, 401, 408, 418, 423, 459,
460, 463, 476, 488, 491, 502
kerenski aleqsandre Tedores Ze _ rusi politikuri moRvawe, 1917
wlis Tebervlis revoluciis erT-erTi lideri, droebiTi mTavrobis
meTauri, iusticiis ministri. oqtombris gadatrialebis Semdeg aq­
tiur monawileobas iRebda bolSevikebis winaaRmdeg dawyebul brZo­
laSi. molaparakebebs awarmoebda antantis saxelmwifoebTan ruseTis
saSinao saqmeebSi Carevisa da antibolSevikuri moZraobisTvis dax­
marebis Taobaze 320, 394, 468

623
kerzoni jorj naTaniel _ markizi, baroni, kedlstonis grafi.
konservatori politikosi da diplomati. 1899-1905 wlebSi indoe­
Tis mefisnacvali da gubernatori., 1919-24 wlebSi didi britaneTis
sagareo saqmeTa ministri 293
kvinitaZe giorgi ivanes Ze (namdvili gvari Ciqovani) _ generali,
daamTavra jer Tbilisis kadetTa korpusi, Semdeg konstantines samx­
edro saswavlebeli. ruseT-iaponiis 1904-1905 ww-is omis monawile.
msaxurobda aRmosavleT-cimbiris msrolelTa me-9 polkSi. kapitani
(1905). 1910 1-li TanrigiT daamTavra generaluri Stabis nikolozis
saxelobis akademia. gagzavnil iqna me-16 grenaderTa polkSi. 1911
w. kavkasiis samxedro olqis davalebaTa oberoficeria. amave dros
muSaobda samxedro saswavlebelSi. iyo pirveli msoflio omis monaw­
ile, podpolkovniki (1915). 1918-1921 ww-Si msaxurobda saqarTvelos
SeiraRebul ZalebSi (generali (1918)). 1918 wels dainiSna respublik­
is jarebis mTavarsardlad da ministris TanaSemwed. maleve gadadga
da gaxda sadaxlo-Sulaveris frontis sardlis, general mazniaSvilis
savele Stabis ufrosi. 1919 samxedro SenaerTebma misi meTaurobiT
daamarcxes axalcixe-axalqalaqis mazraSi mebrZoli separatistebi.
ibrZoda e.w. „samxreT-dasavleT kavkasiis“ mTavrobis SeiaraRebuli
formirebebis winaaRmdeg. gaaTavisufla Zveli qarTuli mxare arta­
ani. 1920 wlis aprilSi dainiSna saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis
mTavarsardlad. imave wlis 8 seqtembers datova Tanamdeboba. 1921
wlis 16 Tebervals mesamed dainiSna qarTuli armiis mTavarsardlad.
18 Tebervlidan 24 Tebervlis CaTvliT qarTuli SeiaraRebuli Zale­
bi misi sardlobiT icavdnen dedaqalaqs. iyo qarTuli samxedro sko­
lis damaarsebeli da pirveli ufrosi 297
kovaCi _ saxelmwifo mamulebis gamge 383
kolCaki aleqsandre vasilis Ze _ saerTaSoriso antibolSevikuri
armiis generali, rusi samxedro da politikuri moRvawe, mecnieri da
polaruli mkvlevari, okeanografi, ruseTis samoqalaqo omSi TeTrg­
vardiuli moZraobis erT-erTi lideri. ruseTis umaRlesi mmarTveli
da rusuli armiis mTavarsardali (1918 wlis noemberi 1920 wlis ian­
vari). ruseT-iaponiisa da pirveli msoflio omis monawile, wm. gior­
gis kavaleri, admirali (1918) 214, 285, 286, 287
kopaleiSvili ilia ivanes Ze _ daamTavra pirveladi saswavlebe­
li. 1898 wlidan social-demokratiuli jgufis wevri, rsdmp-s men­
Sevikuri fraqciis aqtiuri wevri, partiis baTumis komitetis wevri
(1903 w.). 1919 wlis TebervalSi arCeul iqna saqarTvelos demokra­
tiuli respublikis damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad social-demokrati­
uli muSaTa partiis siiT. krebaSi saqmianobda Sromis, agraruli da
TviTmmarTvelobis mimarTulebiT. soc. demok. partiis Sidaopozoci­
uri gazeTis „axali sxivis“ jgufis wevri. jgufis wevrebTan erTad
moiT­xovda partiisa da samTavrobo Tanamdebobebis SeuTavseblobis

624
sakiTxis mogvarebas. qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli
sazogadoebis wevri 165, 166, 481, 508, 511, 512
krilovi ivane andros Ze _ rusi mwerali, Jurnalisti da drama­
turgi. saxeli gaiTqva igavebiT 418
kuk-kolisi jeims normani _ ingliseli samxedro moRvawe, ge­nera­li
15, 21, 22, 55, 57

l
laiola egnate/ignatius loiola _ (laT. Ignatius de Loyola), eris­
kacobaSi iniago lopes de loiola esp. Íñigo López de Loiola; warmoSobiT
baski, iezuitTa ordenis mTavari damfuZnebeli da pirveli mamamTa­
vari. ignatius loiola aseve cnobili iyo rogorc sulieri varjiSe­
bis Semdgeni. misi varjiSebi warmoadgenda locvisa da TviTgamocdis
Serwymas, warmosaxviT saubars RmerTebTan da wmindanebTan. varjiSe­
bis mizani iyo ordenSi Sesuli adamianis avtomatad gadaqceva, masSi
yovelgvari individualizmis Cakvla; adamianebi eqceodnen zneobrivi
hipnotizmis qveS. iyo sayovelTaod aRiarebuli sulieri mama. aqti­
urad ibrZoda protestantuli reformaciis winaaRmdeg 110
laliaSvili _ fosta-telegrafis olqis TanamSromeli 76, 93, 94
lasali ferdinand – (Ferdinand Lassalle) evropuli socializmis
erT-erTi fuZemdebeli, germaneli filosofosi, iuristi da politi­
kuri moRvawe 456
lasxiSvili giorgi mixeilis Ze _ politikuri da sazogado moR­
vawe, publicisti, daamTavra quTaisis klasikuri gimnazia da Sevida
odesis universitetis iuridiul fakultetze, saidanac studentTa
xalxosnuri organizaciis wevrobisTvis garicxes. iyo saqarTvelos
socialist-federalistTa partiis erT-erTi damaarsebeli da lid­
eri, safuZveli Cauyara „axalgazrda iverielebis“ erovnul-radi­
kalur mimdinareobas, 1900-dan iyo partiuli gazeTis „cnobis fur­
clis“ da sxva organoebis faqtobrivi redaqtori. 1905 wels parizSi
yofnisas iyo gazeT „saqarTvelos“ erT-erTi redaqtori. pirvel
erovnul yrilobaze airCies erovnuli sabWos wevrad, iyo prezid­
iumis wevri, Sedioda damoukidebeli saqarTvelos e.w. droebiTi
koaliciuri mTavrobis SemadgenlobaSi, ekava ganaTlebis ministris
posti. misi reformebiT moxda qarTuli skolis nacionalizacia _
„gaerovneba“, maswavlebelTa mosamzadebeli kursebis Seqmna qarTul
enaze swavlebisaTvis da sxv. 1919 wels airCies umaRlesi sakanonmde­
blo organos _ damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad socialist-federalis­
tTa partiidan; Sedioda sakonstitucio komisiis SemadgenlobaSi.
igi iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis
wevri 115, 116, 117

625
lenini (ulianovi) vladimer ilias Ze _ politikosi, marqsizmis
Teoretikosi, sabWoTa kavSiris komunisturi (bolSevikuri) parti­
is damaarsebeli, 1917 wels ruseTSi oqtombris gadatrialebis erT-­
erTi lideri 76, 93, 94, 284, 286, 290, 294, 325, 338, 341, 342, 525
lerua maqsim _ frangi iuristi da istorikosi 383
lifanava _ xobis gamgeobis moxele 86
loid jorji deivid (duivoris 1-li grafi, gvinedis vikonti) _
britaneli politikuri moRvawe, didi britaneTis ukanaskneli pre­
mier-ministri liberaluri partiidan (1916-1922). advokati, 1908
wels oqsfordis universitetSi samarTlis doqtori gaxda. pirveli
msoflio omis dasrulebis Semdeg, rogorc omSi gamarjvebuli qveynis
pirveli piri, msoflios erT-erT mTavar politikur figurad miiC­
neoda. 1919 wlis parizis sazavo konferencia mokavSireTa qveynebis
liderebTan erTad gaxsna. iyo uinston CerCilis axlo megobari 57
lomTaTiZe aleqsandre spiridonis Ze _ politikuri moRvawe,
umaRlesi ganaTleba xarkovis universitetSi miiRo, sadac studen­
tur moZraobas xelmZRvanelobda da erT-erT saukeTeso oratorad
iTvleboda. iyo Tbilisis xmosani pirveli msoflio omis dros, so­
cial-demokratiuli partiis wevri, monawileobda sruliad ruseTis
sabWoebis yrilobis muSaobaSi, iyo erovnuli sabWosa da damfuZne­
beli krebis wevri, arCeul iqna damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomar­
is moadgiled, faqtobrivad asrulebda Tavmjdomaris movaleobas,
radgan TviT Tavmjdomare, karlo CxeiZe, didi xniT evropaSi imyofe­
boda. aRniSnul postze a. loTaTiZem Tavi gamoiCina, rogorc Seu­
valma da miudgomelma Tavmjdomarem. damfuZnebeli krebis debatebs
is iSviaTi taqtiT xelmZRvanelobda da politikur wreebSi didi
avtoritetic moixveWa. iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrce­
lebeli sazogadoebis wevri 7, 23, 34, 67, 97, 120, 211, 231, 255, 269, 427,
449, 507, 533, 559, 563, 567, 593
lorTqifaniZe ivane nestoris Ze _ politikosi, qarTveli socia­
list-revolucioneri. saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis
gzaTa ministri. saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis erovnuli
sabWos (parlamentis) da damfuZnebeli krebis wevri. daamTavra Tbili­
sis vaJTa gimnazia, Semdgom ki xarkovis universitetis samedicino
fakulteti. gimnaziaSi swavlis periodSi SeuerTda eserTa partias,
xarkovSi aqtiurad monawileobda eser studentTa saqmianobaSi. 1917
w-is revoluciis Semdeg aqtiurad monawileobda amierkavkasiisa da
saqarTvelos politikur movlenebSi. 1918 iyo amierkavkasiis seimis
wevri. Sedioda damoukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli koaliciuri
mTavrobis SemadgenlobaSi da iyo gzaTa ministri. damfuZnebeli kre­
bis wevris mandati social-revolucionerTa partiis siiT 1920 w-is
gazafxulze meore damatebiTi arCevnebis Sedegad moipova. sabWoTa

626
ruseTis mier saqarTvelos okupaciis Semdeg darCa saqarTveloSi da
agrZelebda politikur saqmianobas sabWoTa saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg
478, 518, 521, 560, 561, 573, 574, 576, 587, 590, 591, 600

m
mazmanovi qsenafont _ walkis raionis social-demokratiuli par­
tiuli biuros wevri 584
marqsi karl hainrix (germ. Karl Marx) _ germaneli filosofosi, eko­
nomisti, istorikosi, politikuri Teoretikosi, sociologi, komu­
nisti da revolucioneri, romlis ideebsac efuZneba Tanamedrove
komunizmi. marqsma Seajama Tavisi midgoma komunisturi partiis mani­
festis pirvel TavSi, romelic 1848 wels gamoqveynda 286, 422
masalkini p. _ social-demokrati, fosta telegrafis TanamSromeli
106, 109, 113
maWavariani ioseb konstantines Ze (kvimati) _ iuristi, nafici
veqili, saqarTvelos erovnul-demokratiuli partiis TvalsaCino
wevri. daasrula peterburgis saimperatoro universitetis iurid­
iuli fakulteti. samSobloSi dabrunebisTanave CaerTo sazogadoe­
briv da publicistur saqmianobaSi, TanamSromlobda gazeT „cnobis
furcelSi“. 1909 wlidan iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrce­
lebeli sazogadoebis namdvili wevri. 1917 wels edp-is damfuZnebel
yrilobaze airCies partiis mTavari komitetisa da misi prezidium­
is wevrad, aseve edp-is Tavmjdomaris moadgiled. 1918 wels airCies
erovnuli sabWos wevrad, arCeuli iyo sabWos mudmivmoqmed iurid­
iul komisiaSi; 1919 wels edp-s siiT arCeul iqna saqarTvelos dam­
fuZnebeli krebis deputatad, iyo krebis iuridiuli komisiis wevri
57, 113, 288, 374, 379, 386, 389, 401
mayaSvili (savaraudod, mayaSvili abel (balo) gabrielis Ze) _
generali, pirveli msoflio omis monawile. daamTavra yazanis qveiT
iunkerTa saswavlebeli da oficerTa skola. 1918 w-dan qarTul jar­
Sia. 1918 somxeTTan omis dros iyo axalqalaq-axalcixis mazris gen­
eral-gubernatori da axalqalaqis frontis sardali. 1919 w-dan sam­
saxuri ganagrZo azerbaijanis respublikis armiaSi. iyo qveiTTa me-2
diviziis ufrosis TanaSemwe. 1920 dainiSna ganjis samxedro skolis
ufrosad. daiRupa azerbaijanSi sabWoTa xelisuflebis damyarebis
dros 556
mayaSvili mixeil solomonis Ze _ swavlobda iunkerTa saswavle­
belSi. 19 wlisas saqarTvelo-somxeTis omSi mamacobisaTvis miRebuli
hqonda wminda giorgis jvari. m. mayaSvili 1921 wels iunkerTa skolas
oficris CiniT amTavrebda da damoukidebeli saqarTvelos mfrina­
vTa pirveli gamoSveba iqneboda. damfuZnebeli krebis me-15 sxdoma­
ze ganixileboda incidenti, rodesac 1920 wlis aprilis miwuruls,

627
azerbaijanis Zalismieri gasabWoebis Semdeg, bolSevikurma ruseTma
msgavsi operaciis Catareba saqarTvelos winaaRmdegac gadawyvita.
1920 wlis 1 maiss, bolSevikebis ocdaaTkaciani SeiaraRebuli jgufi
iunkerTa samxedro skolaSi SeiWra. bolSevikebis mizani iunkrebisa
da nacvalTa batalionis bolSevikTa mxareze gadabireba da saswav­
lebelSi arsebuli iaraRis xelSi Cagdeba iyo. bolSevikebis iaraRis
sawyobSi Sevardnas mohyva naxevarsaaTiani brZola, ris Semdeg kur­
santebma skola gaaTavisufles. bolSevikebis Tavdasxmis erTaderTi
msxverpli mixeil mayaSvili iyo 310
mgelaZe d. _ Tbilisis fosta-telegrafis olqis ufrosi 73, 74, 75,
76, 77, 87, 79, 85, 86, 87, 89, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 112, 113
mdivani simon gurgenis Ze _ (cnobili bolSevikis _ budu mdivnis
Zma), pirveldawyebiTi ganaTlebis miRebis Semdeg swavla quTaisis
klasikur gimnaziaSi ganagrZo. umaRlesi ganaTleba miiRo odesis
universitetis sabunebismetyvelo fakultetze. 1905 wela dabrunda
saqarTveloSi da SeuerTda socialist-federalistTa partias. iyo
qalaq baTumis TviTmmarTvelobis xmosani, baTumis saolqo komitetis
Tavmjdomare. 1919 wels airCies damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris
moadgiled social-federalistTa partiis kvotiT, Tavmjdomare­
obda damfuZnebeli krebis gareSe saqmeTa komisias. iyo saqarTvelos
pirveli elCi somxeTis respublikaSi. 1921 wels mTavrobam wargzavna
elCad TurqeTSi _ qemalis mTavrobisTvis unda mietana saqarTvelos­
gan TurqeTis cnobis firmani. igi mTeli cxovreba amayobda imiT, rom
pirveli iyo elCebs Soris, vinc TurqeTs Tavisufleba miuloca. iyo
qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri
9, 21, 54, 60, 61, 143, 160, 176, 178, 183, 231, 232, 269, 307, 309, 317, 343, 361,
366, 367, 368, 405, 428, 450, 451
meburiSvili _ social-demokrati, centraluri gamgeobis wevri
73, 76, 79
mednikovi _ fosta-telegrafis olqis mmarTveli 108
melaZe _ fosta-telegrafis olqis moxele 106
meliq-aslanovi _ amierkavkasiis komisariatis wevri, azerbaijanis
demokratiuli respublikis mTavrobaSi iyo kavSirgabmulobis, vaW­
robis, mrewvelobisa da sursaTis ministri 303
meliqiSvili _ memamule 8, 68, 98, 120, 121, 131
menabde iason spiridonis Ze _ saxelmwifo bankis gamgeobis wevri,
savaraudod, saaqcio sazogadoeba WiaTuris marganecmwarmoeblebi
„Cemo“-s gamgeobis wevri 451
mesxiSvili Salva (aleqsi-mesxiSvili) vladimeris Ze _ advokati,
politikuri da sazogado moRvawe, saqarTvelos socialist-feder­
alistTa partiis erT-erTi lideri. 1902-1904 ww-Si swavlobda od­
esis universitetSi, saidanac studentTa revoluciur moZraobaSi

628
mona­wileobisTvis garicxes. 1909 daamTavra xarkovis universitetis
iuridiuli fakulteti. 1910 wels TbilisSi advokatoba daiwyo.
1917-1918 ww.-Si iyo saqarTvelos erovnuli sabWos wevri, imave wleb­
Si amierkavkasiis komisariatis iusticiis ministri (komisari), da­
moukidebeli saqarTvelos pirveli koaliciuri mTavrobis iusticiis
ministri. 1919-1921 ww.-Si damfuZnebeli krebis wevria, iyo qarTvelTa
Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri 86, 521
mefareiSvili _ social-demokrati 78
mefariSvili _ fosta-telegrafis moxele 113
milni jorj frensisi (salonikisa da rubislavis (aberdinis
sagrafo) baroni _ britaneli mxedarTmTavari, feldmarSali, pir­
veli msoflio omis Semdeg (1918 w.) inglisis jarebis sardali bal­
kanebsa da Sav zRvaze. 1920 w. stambolis sardali 21
miqaZe _ sofel akeTis (guria) fosta-telegrafis ganyofilebis gamge
78, 114
miqelaZe _ mosamarTle axalcixis mazraSi 429
mixailovski 248
muromeli ilia _ rusuli bilinebis da Tqmulebebis erT-erTi mTa­
vari gmiri, didi Zalis mqone goliaTi 331

n
naTaZe grigol (gigo) iasonis Ze _ qarTveli istorikosi, msof­
lios istoriis dargebis fuZemdebeli da medievistikis pirveli
warmomadgeneli saqarTveloSi, profesori (1926), saqarTvelos ssr
mecnierebis damsaxurebuli moRvawe, swavlobda Tbilisis qarTul sa­
Tavadaznauro gimnaziaSi, Semdeg vaJTa meore gimnaziaSi. 1898 Sevida
kievis universitetis istoria-filologiis fakultetze, saidanac
studentur demonstraciebSi monawileobisaTvis, 1901-1902 ww-Si,
orjer garicxes universitetidan. mcire xniT swavla ganagrZo Jen­
evis universitetSi. sabolood, 1907 eqsternad daamTavra moskovis
universiteti. aswavlida jer Tbilisis, Semdeg quTaisis qarTul saT­
avadaznauro gimnaziebSi da saxalxo universitetebSi. iyo wera-kiTx­
vis gamavrcelebeli da saeTnografio-saistorio sazogadoebebis
wevri, TanamSromlobda qarTul presaSi. 1917 w-is Teberval-martis
demokratiuli revoluciis Semdeg g. naTaZe aqtiurad monawileobda
saqarTvelos politikur procesebSi, jer rogorc rusuli eserTa
partiis, 1918 w-dan ki saqarTvelos eserTa partiis TvalsaCino wev­
ri. 1918 w-is maisSi airCies damoukidebeli saqarTvelos erovnuli
sabWos gafarToebul SemadgenlobaSi. iyo saqarTvelos damfuZnebe­
li krebisa da eserTa partiis fraqciis wevri, (soc. revolucioneru­
li partia, fraqciis mdivani). imavdroulad, ganagrZobda pedagogiur

629
moRvaweobas. muSaobda saxalxo ganaTlebis saministroSi, xelmZRvan­
elobda saskolo dawesebulebaTa sammarTvelos. 1919 miiwvies Tbili­
sis saxelmwifo universitetSi, sadac gardacvalebamde kiTxulobda
leqciebs da iyo Sua saukuneebis istoriis kaTedris gamge 399
naTaZe leo (levan) iasonis Ze _ politikosi, social-demokra­
ti, Jurnalisti. daamTavra 4 klasi saTavadaznauro skolaSi, me-5-8
klasebi Tbilisis mesame gimnaziaSi, xolo umaRlesi ganaTleba peter­
burgis universitetSi miiRo. iyo gaz. „Борьба“-s da social-demokra­
tiuli gazeTis “erTobis“ redaqtori; kavkasiis samoswavlo olqis ko­
misari; saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis erovnuli sabWosa
da damfuZnebeli krebis wevri (social-demokratiuli partia). aqti­
ur sakanonmdeblo muSaobas eweoda ganaTlebis sistemis reformire­
bis xelSewyobis kuTxiT. monawileobda respublikis konstituciis
SemuSavebaSi. qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazoga­
doebis wevri. sabWoTa okupaciis Semdeg Cabmuli iyo winaaRmdegobis
moZraobaSi 57, 78, 107, 116, 383, 443, 444, 525, 530, 531, 581
nikolaZe nikoloz (niko) iakobis Ze _ didi qarTveli sazogado da
politikuri moRvawe, “TergdaleulTa” brwyinvale warmomadgeneli,
publicisti, kritikosi, iuristi, samarTlis doqtori. daamTavra
quTaisis klasikuri gimnazia da 1861 swavla peterburgis univer­
sitetis iuridiul fakultetze ganagrZo. studentur demonstra­
ciebSi monawileobis gamo daapatimres, universitets CamoaSores,
peterburgSi cxovreba aukrZales da saqarTveloSi gamoistumres.
monawileobda saqarTveloSi mimdinare Zvel da axal TaobaTa (mama­
Ta da SvilTa) Soris gamarTul ideur-politikur brZolaSi. 1864
safrangeTSi gaemgzavra da sorbonis universitetSi Cairicxa. swav­
lobda JenevaSic, dasrulebiT ki 1868 ciurixis universiteti daas­
rula. iqve, naSromisaTvis „ganiaraReba da misi ekonomikur-socialu­
ri mniSvneloba“ samarTlis doqtoris kvalifikacia miiRo. 1887-1891
ww.-Si saTaveSi edga TbilisSi gamomaval rusulenovan gazeT „Новое
обозрение“-s, Semdeg gamoscemda Jurnal „moambes“. 1894-1912 ww-Si
iyo foTis qalaqis Tavi da didi Rvawli dasdo portisa da qalaqis
modernizacias. iyo saqarTvelos erovnul-demokratiuli partiis
erT-erTi damfuZnebeli. 1917 wlis ivnisSi edp-is pirvel yrilobaze
yrilobis sapatio Tavmjdomared airCies. 1917 wlis noemberSi iyo
saqarTvelos pirveli erovnuli yrilobis delegati. yrilobam igi
erovnuli sabWos SemadgenlobaSi, sabWom ki Tavisi aRmasrulebeli
komitetis wevrobis kandidatad airCia. 1918 w-is maisSi, rogorc am­
ierkavkasiis delegaciis wevrma, monawileoba miiRo baTumis sazavo
konferenciaSi. n. nikolaZes TvalsaCino wvlili miuZRvis saqarTve­
los saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis aRdgenis gamocxadebaSi.
n. nikolaZem Seadgina saqarTvelos damoukideblobis aqtis erT-er­
Ti proeqti, romelic baTumSi Casul n. Jordanias gadasca. 1918 wlis

630
27-28 maiss CarTuli iyo saqarTvelosa da germanias Soris foTis
droebiTi SeTanxmebis gaformebaSi. samSoblos TavisuflebisaTvis
gaweuli RvawlisaTvis saqarTvelos damoukideblobis komitetma
n. nikolaZe Tamar mefis ordeniT daajildova. 1919 w-is TebervalSi,
edp-s siiT, airCies saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli krebis deputatad, iyo
krebis gzaTa komisiis wevri. 1920 w-is aprilSi deputatobisagan gan­
Tavisuflda, radgan miavlines evropaSi saqarTvelos ekonomikuri
misiis wevrad. iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli
sazogadoebis foTisa da Tbilisis ganyofilebaTa wevri 420
nikolozi, nikoloz II aleqsandres Ze _ ruseTis ukanaskneli im­
peratori (1894-1917 wlebSi). poloneTis mefe, fineTis didi hercogi.
misi mmarTveloba 1917 wels ruseTis revoluciiT dasrulda 15, 107,
213, 433, 579
niniZe kirile ieses Ze _ rsdmp-s menSvikuri fraqciis wevri; swav­
lobda dorpatis universitetSi. 1908 wlidan qarTvelTa Soris
wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri, iyo am sazogadoe­
bis mdivani xonsa da xaSurSi. erovnuli sabWos wevri 1918 wlidan, 1919
wlidan damfuZnebeli krebis wevri, damoukidebeli social-demokra­
tiuli fraqciis wevri. 1920 w-dan akritikebda social-demokrati­
uli partiis moqmedebas da partiis SigniT saTaveSi Caudga opozici­
ur jgufs. partias ZiriTadad mTavrobisa da centraluri komitetis
gaumijnaobaSi adanaSaulebda. 1920 w-is bolos ramdenime pirTan er­
Tad gamoeyo social-demokratiul partias. maT gamosces jer gaze­
Ti „axali sxivi“, xolo Semdeg, 1921 wels, Seqmnes damoukidebeli
social-demokratiuli fraqcia damfuZnebel krebaSi, am jgufs „sxi­
velebi“ ewoda. aqtiurad iyo Cabmuli 1924 w-is ajanyebaSi. iyo sam­
xedro komisiis wevri. advokatobas uwevda saqarTvelos kaTolikos
patriarq ambrosi xelaias 8, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 75, 80, 81, 85, 95, 98,
100, 101, 104, 107, 110, 111, 115, 116, 117, 125, 135, 153, 154, 155, 196, 197,
198, 232, 250, 251, 267, 318, 337, 338, 344, 346, 347, 350, 360, 372, 376, 383,
386, 388, 392, 397, 398, 428, 432, 443
noe _ bibliuri patriarqi, adamis meaTe STamomavali, bibliuri
lameqis Svili. erTaderTi adamiani, romelic warRvnis dros misi
RvTismorCilebisa da patiosnebis gamo RmerTma gadaarCina Tavis
ojaxTan erTad. noes vaJebma semma, qamma da iafetma dasabami misces
adamianTa axal modgmas 475
nucubiZe ilia daviTis Ze _ daamTavra quTaisis sasuliero saswav­
lebeli. swavlobda kievis komerciul institutSi. iyo ruseTis so­
cialist-revolucionerTa partiis wevri, 1918 wlis maisSi Seqmnili
saqarTvelos socialist-revolucionerTa partiis erT-erTi lid­
eri. Sedioda partiis centraluri organos, gazeT „Sromis“ sare­
daqcio kolegiaSi. 1918 wels airCies saqarTvelos demokratiuli
respublikis erovnuli sabWos SemadgenlobaSi, 1919 wels ki _ dam­

631
fuZnebeli krebis wevrad, Sedioda eserTa partiis xuTkacian fraqci­
aSi 109, 111, 112, 416, 420, 422, 423, 447, 448, 450, 453, 458, 464, 468, 470,
471, 477, 482, 501, 503, 504, 505
nucubiZe (Salva) varlam isakis Ze _ cnobili qarTveli filosofo­
si, sazogado moRvawe, mecnieri da mTargmneli, literaturaTmcodne,
kulturis istorikosi, qarTuli filosofiis istoriis mecnieruli
skolis fuZemdebeli, saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis akademiko­
si. 1910 daamTavra peterburgis universitetis istoria-filologi­
is fakulteti filosofiis ganxriT. 1911-1914 ww-Si iyo laifci­
gis universitetis studenti. laifcigSi yofnis dros Camoayaliba
originaluri filosofiuri moZRvreba _ aleTologia. 1915 mieni­
Wa aRniSnuli universitetis filosofiis doqtoris xarisxi. 1916-
1918 ww-Si peterburgis universitetis leqtoria. iyo saqarTvelos
demokratiuli respublikis erovnuli sabWos da damfuZnebeli kre­
bis wevri saqarTvelos memarcxene social-federalistTa partiidan.
partia gamoeyo ZiriTad partias da 1921-1923 ww-Si TanamSromlob­
da bolSevikur xelisuflebasTan, Tumca mkacrad akritikebda maT
erovnul politikas. S. nucubiZe iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis
gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri 60, 278, 329, 455, 456

o
omaniZe _ fosta-telegrafis TanamSromeli 76, 93
oniaSvili daviT efremis Ze _ erovnuli sabWosa da damfuZnebeli
krebis wevri (social-demokratiuli partia), menSeviki. saSualo ga­
naTleba miiRo goris sasuliero saswavlebelSi, SemdgomSi swavla
ganagrZo Tbilisis sasuliero seminariaSi. umaRlesi iuridiuli
ganaTleba miiRo iurievis (tartus) da laifcigis universitetebSi.
1904 SeurTda social-demokratiul partias. 1918 w-is Teberval-mais­
Si iyo amierkavkasiis seimis wevri, social-demokratebis fraqciis
saxeliT. 1918 w-is 22 aprils amierkavkasiis damoukideblobis ga­
mocxadebis saWiroebis Sesaxeb gancxadeba seimis sxdomaze swored
man gaakeTa. 1917 saqarTvelos erovnul yrilobaze airCies erovnuli
sabWos wevrad social-demokratiuli partiis siiT. xeli moawera 26
maisis damoukideblobis aqts. erovnul sabWoSi asrulebda mdivnis
movaleobas. eweoda aqtiur sakanonmdeblo saqmianobas, iyo araerTi
kanonis iniciatori. 1919 w-is TebervalSi airCies damfuZnebeli kre­
bis wevrad. garkveuli periodis ganmavlobaSi xelmZRvanelobda kre­
bis iuridiul komisias, aseve iyo TviTmmarTvelobisa da safinanso
komisiis wevri. 1920 w-is 3 dekembers saqarTvelos demokratiuli re­
spublikis miwaTmoqmedebis ministrad dainiSna. iyo qarTvelTa Soris
wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis mudmivi wevri, Tbilisis,
gorisa da foTis ganyofilebis wevri. sabWoTa ruseTis mier saqarT­

632
velos demokratiuli respublikis okupaciis Semdeg darCa saqar­
TveloSi. aqtiurad monawileobda winaaRmdegobis moZraobaSi. iyo
social-demokratebis aralegaluri centraluri komitetis wevri.
monawileobda damoukideblobis komitetis saqmianobaSi da CarTuli
iyo ajanyebis momzadebis procesSi 143, 147, 176, 185, 252, 312, 319, 320,
321, 344, 345, 356, 360, 361, 362, 366, 375, 388, 398, 402, 405, 416, 424, 425,
450, 451, 480, 481, 496, 497, 500, 508, 509, 511, 512, 514, 515, 534, 560

p
papi _ (laT. Papa, berZ. Papas _ mama) _ kaTolikuri eklesiisa da vatika­
nis saxelmwifos meTauri 384
pozovi grigol _ walkis moqalaqe 583
polivanovi aleqsi andreis Ze _ rusi samxedro moRvawe, infan­
teriis generali (1911 wlidan) saxelmwifo sabWos wevri, samxedro
ministri, ruseT-TurqeTis omis monawile (1877-1878). iyo Jurnalis
«Военный сборник» da gazeTis «Русский инвалид» (1899-1904). mTavari re­
daqtori 325
poxvisnevi v. b. _ fosta-telegrafis uwyebis ufrosi 86
prudoni pier-Jozef (frang. Pierre-Joseph Proudhon; 1809-1865) _ fran­
gi publicisti, socialisturi mimdevrobis politikuri filosofo­
si da ekonomisti, anarqizmis erT-erTi fuZemdebeli. pirvelma uwoda
sakuTar Tavs „anarqisti“. muSaobda publicistad da Tavad iswavla
laTinuri, raTa am enaze wignebis beWdva SeZleboda. misi pirveli
mniSvnelovani naSromia „ra aris sakuTreba?“ (1840), sadac is mTav­
robisa da sakuTrebis principebs ganixilavda. prudonis erT-erTi
yvelaze cnobili gamoTqmaa „sakuTreba mZarcvelobaa“ 422

J
Jordania noe nikolozis Ze _ qarTuli social-demokratiis aR­
iarebuli lideri, publicisti, Teoretikosi. swavlobda varSa­vis
veterinarul institutSi. monawileobda pirveli qarTuli marq­
sistuli organizaciis „mesame dasis“ dafuZnebaSi. 1903 wels iyo
­rsdmp kavkasiis kavSiris komitetis wevri, imave wels saTaTbiro xmiT
monawileobda rsdmp II yrilobaSi da miemxro menSevikebs. im period­
Si mkveTrad daupirispirda erovnuli saxelmwifoebriobis aRdgenis
moTxovnas saqarTvelos avtonomiis formiT. 1905-1907 ww. Jordanias
xelmZRvanelobiT warmoebda ideur-organizaciuli brZola bolSe­
vizmis winaaRmdeg. 1917 wlis Tebervlis revoluciis Semdeg saTaveSi
Caudga axali xelisuflebis revoluciur organoebs. 1917 wlis no­
emberSi saqarTvelos pirvel erovnul yrilobaze airCies erovnuli
sabWos, aRmasrulebeli komitetisa da prezidiumis Tavmjdomared.

633
1918 wlis 26 maiss n. Jordaniam erovnuli sabWos saxeliT saqarT­
velos damoukideblba gamoacxada. 1919 wlis damfuZnebeli krebis
arCevnebSi social-demokratiuli partiis saarCevno siis pirveli
nomeri iyo. 21 martidan damfuZnebelma krebam saqarTvelos damou­
kidebeli demokratiuli respublikis mTavrobis Tavmjdomared air­
Cia. iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoe­
bis wevri 102, 270, 336, 337, 338, 341, 342, 474, 525, 582
Joresi Jan _ frangi politikuri moRvawe, 1902 wels saTaveSi Caudga
safrangeTis socialistur partias. 1905 wlidan gaerTianebuli so­
cialisturi partiis erT-erTi lideri 468
JRenti viqtor (leonti) almasxanis Ze _ social-demokrati, ga­
naTleba baTumis saxelosno saswavlebelSi miiRo, profesiiT feiqari
iyo. 1918 wlidan gaxda erovnuli sabWos da Semdeg, 1919 wels, dam­
fuZnebeli krebis wevri. muSaobda cxinvalSi sagangebo rwmune­bulad.
qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis tuaf­
sesa da Tbilisis ganyofilebaTa wevri 157, 451

r
ramiSvili isidore ivanes Ze _ politikosi, pedagogi da ganmanaT­
lebeli, social-demokratiuli partiis erT-erTi damaarsebeli. Tav­
dapirvelad ganaTleba miiRo ozurgeTis sasuliero saswavlebelSi,
Semdgom swavla ganagrZo Tbilisis sasuliero seminariaSi, sadac aq­
tiurad monawileobda studentTa xalxosnuri jgufebis formireba­
sa da saqmianobaSi. 1885 daasrula sasuliero seminaria. 1887 w. mis
mSobliur surebis xeobaSi daaarsa orklasiani skola, sadac Tavadve
iyo pirveli maswavlebeli, amave periodSi misi moswavle iyo noe ra­
miSvili. 1891 misi iniciativiT daarsda guriis saxalxo biblioTeka.
1893 wlidan maswavleblad muSaobda wkgs-is baTumis qarTul sko­
laSi, sadac pedagogiur moRvaweobasTan erTad aqtiur revoluci­
ur saqmianobas eweoda. iyo baTumis social-demokratiuli jgufis
aRiarebuli lideri. 1906 w-s airCies ruseTis pirveli saxelmwifo
saTaTbiros deputatad. 1907 monawileobda rsdmp londonis V yri­
lobaSi. 1913 wlidan imyofeboda gadasaxlebaSi. 1917 wels airCies
saqarTvelos erovnuli sabWos SemadgenlobaSi, amave wels _ ruse­
Tis damfuZnebeli krebis deputatad. iyo amierkavkasiis seimis wevri.
1918 wels osmaleTis armiis Semotevisas natanebis frontze aqtiur
politikur daxmarebas uwevda general mazniaSvils. demokratiuli
respublikis dros iyo xelisuflebis warmomadgeneli soxumis olqSi.
1919 wels airCies damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad. iyo qarTvelTa Soris
wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis namdvili wevri 587
ramiSvili noe besarionis Ze _ social-demokratiuli partiis
erT-erTi lideri; kavkasiis glexTa deputatebis sabWoebis centris

634
Tavmjdomare, qarTvel menSevikTa ck-s wevri da am partiis organos,
gazeT „erTobis“ redaqtori. daamTavra ozurgeTis sasuliero sas­
wavlebeli. 1901 quTaisis sasuliero seminariis damTavrebis Semdeg,
derptis universitetis iuridiul fakultetze Sevida, Tumca revo­
luciur moZraobaSi monawileobisaTvis garicxes da 1902 saqarTve­
loSi dabrunda. 1908-1909 ww-Si swavlobda laifcigis universitetSi
(germania). Tebervlis revoluciis Semdeg (1917) gaxda kavkasiis glex­
Ta deputatebis sabWoebis centris Tavmjdomare, qarTvel menSevikTa
ck-is wevri da am partiis organos, gazeT „erTobis“ redaqtori. igi
cnobili iyo partiuli fsevdonimebiT: petre, semionovi n. 1917 w-is
noemberSi airCies saqarTvelos erovnuli sabWos wevrad. 1918 w-is
26 maiss, rodesac saqarTvelom damoukidebeli saxelmwifoebrioba
aRidgina, n. ramiSvilis meTaurobiT Seiqmna saqarTvelos droebiTi
mTavroba, Tumca erT TveSi, 24 ivniss, gadadga da xelisufleba n. Jor­
danias gadasca. ramiSvilma Sinagan saqmeTa ministris posti Caibara
da, paralelurad, 1919 w-is ganmavlobaSi iyo samxedro ministri.
imave wels aseve airCies damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad. misi xelmZRvan­
elobiT mimdinareobda jaris reorganizacia, ganaTlebis reforma,
kavSirgabmulobis sferos ganviTareba, gansakuTrebul yuradRebas
iCenda Tbilisis universitetis mimarT. Sss ministrobis dros ki ux­
elmZRvanela saqarTvelos mivardnil soflebSi gzebis gayvanas, fos­
ta-telegrafisa da skolebis aSenebas. man mTeli Zalisxmeva mimarTa
antisaxelmwifoebrivi aqciebisa da spekulaciis winaaRmdeg brZoli­
saken. Ss saministroSi Camoayaliba gansakuTrebuli razmi, romelsac
qveyanaSi wesrigi unda daecva. razmma didi roli Seasrula saxelmwi­
fos uSiSroebisaTvis gamorCeuli principulobisa da ukanonobasTan
Seurigebeli brZolis gamo, damoukideblobis wlebSi zedmetsaxelad
„rkinis ministri“ Searqves. iyo Sinagan saqmeTa, samxedro da ganaT­
lebis ministri; saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis pirveli
Tavmjdomare; qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazo­
gadoebis wevri. qarTuli emigraciis wevrebidan yvelaze aqtiurad
uWrda mxars 1924 wlis ajanyebas, CarTuli iyo poloneli xalxis an­
tisabWoTa moZraobaSi 72, 78, 81, 102, 107, 109, 116, 117, 337, 385, 390,
401, 408, 409, 413, 414, 418, 419, 421, 423, 484, 489, 503, 505, 515, 516, 517,
519, 520, 524, 525, 526, 585, 587, 589
rei _ amerikis umaRlesi komisris moadgile, amerikeli polkov­niki 226
rusia meliton ivanes Ze _ iuristi, ruseTis social-demokratiuli
muSaTa partiis wevri; saSualo ganaTleba lanCxuTSi miiRo, ris Sem­
degac kerZo pedagogoba daiwyo. saswavleblad xarkovSi gaemgzavra,
magram studentur gamosvlebSi monawileobis gamo saswavleblidan
garicxes. 1904 wels tfilisis social-demokratiuli muSaTa orga­
nizaciis wevri gaxda. muSaobda „menSevikebis“ fraqciaSi. 1917 wlis
noemberSi airCies saqarTvelos erovnuli sabWos wevrad. 1918 wlis

635
ganmavlobaSi iyo saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis parlamen­
tis wevri. 1919 wlis 12 marts airCies saqarTvelos respublikis dam­
fuZnebeli krebis wevrad saqarTvelos social-demokratiuli muSaTa
partiis siiT. iyo TviTmmarTvelobis komisiis Tavmjdomare, iuridi­
uli, teqnikuri, centraluri saarCevno da sakonstitucio komisiebis
wevri, qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis
wevri 102, 106, 107, 145, 146, 160, 162, 165, 177, 191, 192, 196, 197, 200, 232,
237, 318, 320, 321, 372, 375, 377, 384, 421, 423, 432, 443, 447, 480, 495, 501,
508, 514, 532, 534, 535, 557, 564, 565, 568, 569, 570, 571, 572, 594, 593
rcxilaZe grigol (gigo) simonis Ze _ politikosi da sazogado
moRvawe, iuristi, publicisti, kritikosi. daamTavra Tbilisis gim­
nazia, Semdeg, 1902 wels peterburgis universitetis iuridiuli fak-
ti. monawileobda socialist-federalisturi partiis daarsebaSi,
1909 wels Seadgina partiis programa. 1919 wlis martidan damfuZne­
beli krebis wevri (soc. federalistTa sarevolucio partia), damou­
kidebeli saqarTvelos sazavo delegaciis wevri. Sedioda „sakonsti­
tucio safuZvlebis Semdgeni komisiis“ SemadgenlobaSi. iyo pirveli
qarTuli universitetis daarsebis aqtiuri monawile da Sedioda
universitetis damaarsebeli sazogadoebis gamgeobis Semadgenloba­
Si. damoukideblobis bolo TveebSi airCies damfuZnebeli krebis so­
cialist-federalisturi fraqciis Tavmjdomared. iyo qar­TvelTa
Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebelis sazogadoebis namdvili wevri
23, 43, 461, 464, 467

s
salayaia ioseb beJanis Ze _ politikuri moRvawe, daamTavra ele­
qtroteqnikis instituti belgiaSi. 1917 wlis noemberSi airCies saqa­
rTvelos erovnuli sabWos wevrad. 1918 wlis ganmavlobaSi iyo saqa­
rTvelos demokratiuli respublikis parlamentis wevri. 1919 wlis
12 marts airCies saqarTvelos respublikis damfuZnebeli krebis wev­
rad saqarTvelos social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis siiT. iyo
TviTmmarTvelobis, sabiujeto-safinanso da gareSe saqmeTa komis­
iebis wevri. iyo erobaTa centraluri biuros Tavmjdomaris amxanagi,
senakis mazris erobis gamgeobis Tavmjdomare, damoukidebeli saqa­
rTvelos mTavrobis warmomadgeneli poloneTSi. Tavmjdomareob­
da varSavaSi arsebul qarTul sazogadoebas. iyo qarTvelTa Soris
wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri 7, 8, 69, 71, 98, 115,
123, 127, 131, 160, 161, 165, 177, 269, 270, 311
sarievi konstantine _ walkeli meduqne 584
sayvareliZe pavle daviTis Ze (n. saqareli) _ politikuri moR­
vawe, publicisti, (partiuli fsevdonimi _ „didi pavle“). umaRlesi
ganaTleba miiRo ruseTisa da Sveicariis universitetebSi. iyo so­

636
cial-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis „menSevikebis“ fraqciis wevri,
partiis imereT-samegrelos komitetis wevri da organizatori, so­
cial-demokrati („alioneli“); erovnuli sabWosa da damfuZnebeli
krebis wevri; iyo damfuZnebeli krebis sareglamento, saxelovnebo,
teqnikuri komisiebis wevri, sakonstitucio komisiis Tavmjdomare.
ilaSqrebda osuri separatizmis winaaRmdeg. man uaryo e.w. „samxreT
oseTis“ erovnuli sabWos mier warmodgenil e.w. „samxreT oseTis“ kan­
tonis proeqti, romelic moiTxovda avtonomiur warmonaqmns ara mar­
to Sida qarTlis, aramed saqarTvelos sxva teritoriebzec (duSe­
Ti, raWa, Sorapani). qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli
sazogadoebis wevri, sarevizio komisiis wevri 56
simoniSvili _ quTaisis yofili policmeisteri 587
smirnovi _ sakontrolo uwyebis direqtori 454
soloRaSvili ana (olRa) ilias asuli _ pedagogi, sazogado
moRvawe. daamTavra xarkovis universitetis istoria-filologiis
fakulteti istoriis specialobiT. 1903 w-dan iyo saqarTvelos so­
cial-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis wevri. pedagogiur saqmianobas­
Tan erTad revoluciur gamosvlebSic monawileobda. marqsistul
ideebsa da aralegalur revoluciur literaturas acnobda saqa­
rTvelos sxvadasxva qalaqebSi rvoluciurad ganwyobil muSebs, am
saqmeSi Cabmuli iyo ZmasTan _ grigolTan da dasTan _ evgeniasTan er­
Tad. misi TaosnobiT baTumSi gaixsna nuriis bazari, agreTve, wignT­
sacav-samkiTxvelo. 1917 w-is noemberSi airCies saqarTvelos erovnu­
li sabWos wevrad. iyo goris qalTa internacionaluri kavSiris
erT-erTi damfuZnebeli da gamgeobis wevri. 1918 w-s iyo saqarTvelos
demokratiuli respublikis parlamentis wevri; 1919 wlis 12 mar­
tidan iyo damfuZnebeli krebis wevri social-demokratiuli muSa­
Ta partiis siiT. iyo saredaqcio, sapensio da centraluri saarCevno
komisiebis wevri, sabiblioTeko komisiis mdivani. misi iniciativiTa
da moxsenebiT saqarTvelos damfuZnebelma krebam miiRo dekretebi
da kanonebi. iyo Tbilisis qalaqis sabWos xmosani; qarTvelTa Soris
wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri 99, 100
soRorovi grigol _ sasursaTo sabWos Tavmjdomare 93
stolipini petre arkadis Ze _ ruseTis imperiis mTavrobis Tavm­
jdomare XX saukunis dasawyisSi. ruseTis imperiis saxelmwifo moR­
vawe, reformatori, oratori. sxvadasxva dros iyo Sinagan saqmeTa
ministri da mTavrobis meTauri. mniSvnelovani roli Seasrula ruse­
Tis 1905-1907 wlebis revoluciis CaxSobaSi 349. 383, 393
surgulaZe _ Tbilisis olqis gamgeobis warmomadgeneli 85

637
t
tatiSvili m. a. _ sasamarTlo palatis prokurori, qarTvelTa So­
ris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri 433
ter-stefaniani/stepanianci garegin arzatis Ze (fsevdonimi
slepcovi) _ pedagogi, politikosi, daSnakciuTunis partiis wevri,
Tbilisis qalaqis sabWos xmosani. saSualo ganaTleba Tbilisis da
aleqsandropolis pedagogiur institutebSi miiRo. muSaobda peda­
gogad ananievis qalTa gimnaziaSi. 1918 wlidan iyo „daSnakcuTiunis“
saqarTvelos centraluri komitetis „aSxatavoris“ wevri. saqarTve­
los demokratiuli respublikis damfuZnebeli krebis wevri 1919 wl­
idan. iyo sameurneo-sagamgeo, teqnikuri da sapensio komisiebis wevri.
muSaobda qalaq Tbilisis aRmaskomis komunaluri ganyofilebis, mi­
wis ganyofilebis saarendo magidis gamged 227, 297, 298
toroSeliZe (orjonikiZe) minadora efremis asuli _ po­
litikuri moRvawe, eqimi, medicinis doqtori, social-demokra­
ti. quTaisis wm. ninos qalTa gimnaziis damTavrebis Semdgom swavla
gaagrZela Jenevis universitetis medicinis fakultetze (1901), sa­
dac dauaxlovda marqsistul jgufebs, aqtiurad muSaobda Jenev­
is socialistur wreebSi „iskris“ damxmare jgufSi, iqve iqorwina
malaqia toroSeliZeze. aqtiurad monawileobda 1905 w-is revoluci­
aSi, miemxro menSevikTa fraqcias, misi meuRle ki _ bolSevikebs. 1905
wels amierkavkasiaSi social-demokratiul partiaSi ganxeTqilebis
dawyebis Semdeg iyo aqtiuri „menSeviki”. 1906 kvlav JenevaSi dabrun­
da swavlis dasasruleblad. saidanac 1914 wels evakuaciis wesiT
daabrunes ruseTis imperiaSi. muSaobda Tbilisis qalTa kavSirSi.
iyo Tbilisis qalTa social-demokratiuli organizaciis xelmZRva­
neli. 1917 w-is noembridan iyo saqarTvelos erovnuli sabWos wevri,
Semdgom ki, 1918 wels, saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis par­
lamentis wevri. 1919 wels airCies saqarTvelos demokratiuli res­
publikis damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad social-demokratebis siiT.
iyo Sromis komisiis mdivani da saxalxo janmrTelobis komisiis Tav­
mjdomaris moadgile. wiTeli armiis SemoWrisas iyo frontis xazze.
sabWoTa okupaciis Semdgom, amerikuli daxmarebis administraciaSi
(American Relief Administration) muSaobis paralelurad, xelmZRvanelobda
qalTa aralegalur organizacias, romlis mizani politpatimarTa
ojaxebis daxmareba iyo. arCeuli iyo saqarTvelos wiTeli jvris gam­
geobis wevrad. iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli
sazogadoebis wevri 9, 135, 253, 503
toRoniZe mariam _ quTaisis fosta-telegrafis kontoris moxele 75

638
u
uordropi jon oliveri _ britaneli diplomati, mTargmneli, aR­
mosavleTmcodne, qarTuli kulturis didi moamage. qarTvelTa Soris
wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis mudmivi wevri. 1887 pir­
velad iyo saqarTveloSi da samSobloSi dabrunebis Semdeg gamosca
wigni „saqarTvelos samefo“. Seiswavla qarTuli ena da inglisurad
Targmnida qarTuli literaturis nimuSebs, maT Soris: s. s. orbeli­
anis „sibrZne-sicruisa“ (1894); „visramiani“ (1914). 1912 londonSi ga­
mosca Tavisi dis, marjori uordropis, mier inglisur enaze prozau­
lad Targmnili „vefxistyaosani“. 1918 wels iyo didi britaneTis
generaluri konsuli moskovSi, sabWoTa ruseTSi. Semdeg mcire xniT
muSobda britaneTis politikuri dazvervis departamentSi. 1919 w.
agvistodan uordropi dainiSna gaerTianebuli samefos umaRles war­
momadgenlad samxreT kavkasiasa da saqarTveloSi, damoukidebel saqa­
rTveloSi _ didi britaneTis warmomadgenlad, umaRles komisrad. o.
uordrops didi wvlili miuZRoda baTumis olqis mmarTvelobaSi os­
maleTisa da denikinis agentTa gavlenis Sesustebasa da proqarTuli
Zalebis rolis gazrdaSi. misi damsaxurebiT britaneTi darwmunda,
rom saWiro iyo kavkasiis respublikebis damoukideblobis cnoba. da­
moukidebeli saqarTvelosadmi britaneTis damokidebuleba Seicvla
pozitiuri niSniT. mas sapatio wvlili miuZRvis saqarTvelos damou­
kideblobis de faqto aRiarebaSi, romelic 1920 wlis 27 ianvars mox­
da. saqarTvelos gasabWoebis Semdeg, inglisSi dabrunebulma oliver
uordropma organizeba gaukeTa qarTul emigracias da daaarsa qar­
Tuli komiteti. 1922 wels o. uordropi mefem britaneTis imperiis
raindis wodebiT daajildova 20, 25
urataZe grigol (griSa) ilarionis Ze _ saxalxo maswavlebeli,
social-demokratiuli partiis TvalsaCino moRvawe, guriis glex­
Ta moZraobis erT-erTi meTauri. daamTavra ozurgeTis oTxklasiani
saswavlebeli, baTumSi ki samaswavleblo kursebi gaiara. muSaobda
lanCxuTis skolis maswavleblad. umaRlesi ganaTlebis misaRebad
peterburgSi gaemgzavra, sadac fsiqonevrologiur institutSi
Caabara, Tumca ar dausrulebia. peterburgSi aqtiurad monawileob­
da studentur gamosvlebSi. 1911 wels amierkavkasiis organizaciam
saswavleblad parizis social-demokratiuli partiis skolaSi gag­
zavna. sadac Sexvda da axlos gaicno v. lenini, l. kamenevi, i. armamdi,
n. krupskaia, zinovievi, lunaCarski da sxv. kargad icnobda agreTve
rusuli menSevizmis liderebsac. 1915 wlidan n. Jordanias momxreTa
rigebSi Cadga, xelmZRvanelonda gazeT „axali kvalis“ gamocemas. 1918
wels iyo quTaisis saqalaqo sabWos Tavmjdomaris moadgile, erovnu­
li sabWos wevri, 1919 wels airCies saqarTvelos demokratiuli re­
spublikis damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad. iyo samandato komisii wev­

639
ri, aqtiurad muSaobda gazeT „erTobis“ redaqciaSi. monawileobda
ruseT-saqarTvelos samSvidobo xelSekrulebis momzadebaSi. doku­
ments xeli moawera ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa saxalxo komisris moad­
gile l. karaxanTan erTad 457, 466, 550, 582, 583

f
farcxalaZe _ Tbilisis fosta-telegrafis olqis gamgeobis Tav­
mjdomare 87, 90, 106
fircxalava samson giorgis Ze _ iuristi, publicisti, politiko­
si, daamTavra quTaisis gimnazia, 1898 wels ki peterburgis universi­
tetis iuridiuli fakulteti. swavlis wlebSi qarTvel studentTa
saTvistomos Tavmjdomare iyo. 1902-1910 ww-Si iyo qarTvelTa So­
ris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis gamgeobis mdivani
da saqmeTa mmarTveli. redaqtorobda soc-federalistT partiis
organoebs: „glexi“ (1906), „miwa“ (1906-1908). monawileobda social­
ist-federalistTa partiis Camoyalibebis procesSi. 1905-1907 ww-
is periodSi Sedioda partiis mTavar komitetSi da erTxans iyo
partiis Tavmjdomaris moadgile. 1917 wlis aprilSi monawileobda
saqarTvelos interpartiuli sabWos organizebis procesSi, rome­
lic saTaveSi Caudga erovnuli saxelmwifoebriobis aRdgenisaTvis
brZolas. 1919-21 ww.-Si damfuZnebeli krebis wevri, 1917-1921ww.-Si
iyo soc. federalistTa partiis centraluri organos, gaz. „saxalxo
saqmis“ redaqtor. 1921 wels xeli moawera saqarTvelos pirvel kon­
stitucias 544
fircxalaiSvili ilia giorgis Ze _ eqimi, iuristi, social-­
demokrati, ganaTleba odesis universitetSi, samedicino fakulte­
tze miiRo, ris Semdegac social-demokratiuli organizaciis muSa­
obaSi Caeba. 1903-1913 ww-Si swavlobda moskovis universitetSi
iuridiul fakultetze, muSaobda nafic msajulad. 1917 w-is revo­
luciis Semdeg quTaisis qalaqis komisari gaxda. amave wels airCies
saqarTvelos erovnuli sabWos wevrad. 1919 wels airCies Tbilisis
qalaqis sabWos xmosnad, Semdgom ki _ damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad.
Sedioda social-demokratebis fraqcia „axali sxivis“ jgufSi. iyo
qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri.
1921 wlis okupaciis Semdeg Caeba winaaRmdegobis moZraobaSi 344, 360,
361, 364, 365, 366, 388, 481, 508, 509, 510, 534, 535
fridonovi _ im droisaTvis cnobili Tbiliseli msxvili mo­vaWre 129
fulaSvili _ Tbilisis fosta-telegrafis olqis kancelariis gamge,
federalisti 113
fxakaZe vera _ quTaisis fosta-telegrafis kontoris moxele 75

640
q
qarumiZe Salva aleqsandres Ze _ istorikosi, pedagogi, saqar­
Tvelos erovnul-demokratiuli partiis erT-erTi damfuZnebeli. sa­
Sualo ganaTleba Tbilisis qarTul gimnaziaSi miiRo, umaRlesi ganaT­
leba _ moskovis saimperatoro universitetis istoria-filologiis
fakultetze. 1912 wlidan aswavlida istorias qarTul gimnaziaSi,
dedaTa saostato qarTul seminariasa da dedaTa institutSi, saxalxo
universitetSi kiTxulobda leqciebs msoflio istoriis sakiTxebze.
1913 wels airCies saqarTvelos saistorio da saeTnografio sazo­
gadoebis, 1914 wels ki _ amierkavkasiis momxmarebel sazogadoebaTa
kavSiris sabWos wevrad. monawileobda saqarTveloSi Camoyalibebul
saqvelmoqmedo sazogadoebis saqmianobaSi. iyo am sazogadoebis rwmu­
nebuli xevsureTis saqmeebSi. TanamSromlobda erovnul-demokrati­
uli mimarTulebis Jurnal „kldesa“ da gazeT „saqarTveloSi“. misi
korespondenciebi ibeWdeboda aseve berlinSi gamomaval „qarTul
gazeTSi“. Sedioda saqarTvelos ganTavisuflebis komitetis Tbili­
sis filialis SemadgenlobaSi. komitetSi muSaobda mezobel erebTan
Tanxmobis sakiTxebze, uzrunvelyofda evropaSi moqmed komitetTan
mudmivi kavSirs. S. qarumiZes saqarTvelos TavisuflebisaTvis brZo­
laSi Setanili wvlilisaTvis miniWebuli hqonda komitetis mTavari
jildo _ Tamar mefis ordeni. iyo erovnul-demokratiuli partiis
saorganizacio mTavari komitetis wevri, monawileobda partiis pro­
gramisa da wesdebis SedgenaSi, arCeuli iyo edp-is mTavari komite­
tis wevrad. edp-is siiT Sedioda saqarTvelos interpartiuli sabWos
SemadgenlobaSi da monawileobda saqarTvelos pirveli erovnuli
yrilobis muSaobaSi (1917 w-is noemberi). 1918 w-is 29 maiss, erovnu­
li sabWos gafarToebisas, is sabWoSi Seiyvanes. arCeuli iyo sabWos
sameurneo-sagamgeo komisiis wevrad. saqarTvelos parlamentSi war­
moTqva sityva saRvTo rjulis swavlebis gauqmebis winaaRmdeg. 1918
w-is seqtemberSi edp-dan gavida, SeuerTda damoukidebel nacion­
al-demokratiul partias (igive erovnuli, igive miwis mesakuTreTa
erovnuli partia) da gaxda misi Tavmjdomaris moadgile. 1920 w-is
maisSi, saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli krebis meore damatebiTi arCev­
nebis Sedegad, erovnuli partiis siiT qveynis umaRlesi sakanonmde­
blo organos deputatis mandati moipova. aqtiurad monawileobda
sasoflo kooperativebisa da amxanagobebis CamoyalibebaSi. 1921 w-is
TebervalSi mis mier erwo-TianeTSi Sedgenili fSav-xevsurTa razmi
icavda Tbiliss SemoWrili mtrisagan. bolSevikuri okupaciis pir­
vel xanebSi sazRvargareT ar wasula da arsebuli reJimis winaaR­mdeg
iatakqveSa muSaobaSi CaerTo. Sedioda edp-is aralegaluri ck-is
SemadgenlobaSi 478, 482, 487, 491, 493, 587
qiqoZe geronti dimitris Ze _ publicisti, mwerali, kritikosi da
mTargmneli, literaturaTmcodne. quTaisis realuri saswavleblis

641
dasrulebis Semdeg, 1903 w-dan swavlobda laifcigis, Semdeg bernis
universitetis filosofiis fakultetze, romelic daamTavra 1912.
Tavdapirvelad miemxro social-demokratiul mimdinareobas da izi­
arebda misi bolSevikuri frTis ideologias. msoflmxedveloba _
kosmopolituridan erovnul safuZvelze Seicvala p. surgulaZis xe­
lmZRvanelobiT JenevaSi Seqmnili „Tavisufali saqarTvelos jgufis“
ideologiis gaziarebis Semdeg. iyo saqarTvelos erovnul-demokra­
tiuli partiis TvalsaCino wevri. 1917 wels airCies erovnuli
sabWos wevrad, iyo sakonstitucio, sabiujeto da safinanso komis­
iebis wevri. redaqtorobda edp-is gazeT „saqarTvelos“ (1918-1919).
1919 w-is TebervalSi edp-is siiT gaxda saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli
krebis deputati. 1919 w-is maisSi edp-dan gavida, magram damfuZneb­
el krebaSi darCa rogorc damoukidebeli deputati. 1921 w-is martSi
saqarTvelos revkomma igi ramdenime moRvawesTan erTad gagzavna ba­
TumSi, raTa n. Jordania samSobloSi darCenaze daeyoliebinaT, Tum­
ca uSedegod. saqarTveloSi komunisturi reJimis damyarebis Semdeg
CamoSorda politikur saqmianobas. 1921-1922 ww-Si iyo miwaTmoq­
medebis saxalxo komisris moadgile, xolo Semdeg literaturul da
kulturul-saganmanaTleblo asparezze gadainacvla. iyo qarTvelTa
Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis namdvili wevri 37,
51, 157, 286, 293
qiqoZe nikoloz moses Ze _ saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublik­
is senatis wevri. 1919 wlis oqtombridan damfuZnebelma krebam air­
Cia saqarTvelos senatis sisxlis samarTlis sakasacio departamentis
senatorad. 1919 w-is dekemberSi miendo qalaq Tbilisis gamgeobis re­
vizia. 1920 wlis aprilSi ganTavisuflebul iqna Tanamdebobidan. iyo
qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis quTai­
sis ganyofilebis namdvili wevri 209, 210, 445
qoblianski servet-beg (serverbeg aTabegov princi qobli­anski)
_ warmoSobiT qarTveli, iyvnen gvarad jayeli. serverbeg aTabegis
mama iyo axalcixis faSa. ruseTma gadmoibira es faSa, da misca titu­
li _ princ qoblianski adigenski da daarqves gvari aTabegov. Turqu­
lad aTa _ mamaa. e. i. mama begebisa 12
qriste ieso nazareveli _ ieso nazareveli (berZn. Ίησους miron­
cxebuli), ebr. ‫[ יהושע‬iehoSua], iahve „gadarCena“, igive „mesia“, ebrau­
lad _ qristianuli eklesiis damfuZnebeli 23, 109, 289, 396

R
Rlonti Tevdore (Tedo) zurabis Ze _ politikuri moRvawe, pub­
licisti, memarcxene socialist-federalistTa partiis erT-erTi
lideri. daamTavra peterburgis „komerciul codnaTa instituti“.
damoukidebeli saqarTvelos erovnuli sabWosa da damfuZnebeli kre­

642
bis wevri (socialist-federalistebis partiis mecxre kandidati).
1921 wlis ianvarSi partiis me-5 konferenciaze moiTxova sabWoTa
konstituciis aRiareba. memarcxene socialist-federalistTa parti­
asTan erTad TanamSromlobda TbilisSi Semosul sabWoTa saokupacio
xelisuflebasTan, monawileobda okupirebuli saqarTvelos sabWoe­
bis I yrilobaSi, sadac airCies centraluri aRmasrulebeli komite­
tis wevrad. 1926-1928 ww.-Si saWoTa xelisuflebam gadayenebuli iv.
javaxiSvilis magier T. Rlonti daniSna saxelmwifo universitetis
reqtorad 84, 85, 86, 87, 89, 104, 117, 408, 459

S
SavguliZe _ xobis fosta-telegrafis moxele 86
Salikiani _ fosta-telegrafis olqis ufrosis TanaSemwe 76, 79, 80,
81, 85, 91, 92, 93, 101, 108, 109
SaniZe _ fosta-telegrafis olqis moxele 76
SaraSiZe qristine (Cito) giorgis asuli _ politikuri da sazo­
gado moRvawe, filologi, pedagogi, social-demokratiuli partiis
wevri 1905 wlidan. 1899-1904 ww-Si swavlobda quTaisis wm. ninos qa­
lTa gimnaziaSi, saidanac garicxes moswavleTa revoluciur moZrao­
baSi monawileobisTvis. aqtiurad monawileobda 1905 w-is revolu­
ciur moZraobaSi. muSaobda maswavleblad quTaisis kerZo gimnaziaSi
(1907), iyo quTaisis saxalxo universitetis gamgeobis wevri (1910-
1911); sabavSvo Jurnal „jejilis“ saredaqcio kolegiis wevri; 1919
wels airCies saqarTvelos damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad. damfuZne­
bel krebaSi iyo krebis prezidiumis umcrosi mdivani, sabiblioTe­
ko, saredaqcio d saxalxo ganaTlebis komisiebis wevri (1919-1921),
parlamentis wevrobisas aqcents umTavresad saxalxo janmrTelobis
kanonmdeblobasa da ganaTlebis xelmisawvdomobis problemebze svam­
da. iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis
gamgeobisa da Tbilisis universitetis damfuZnebeli sazogadoebis
wevri. saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis sabWoTa ruseTis
mier okupirebis Semdeg darCa saqarTveloSi da monawileobda wi­
naaRmdegobis moZraobaSi. Sedioda saqarTvelos social-demokra­
tiuli muSaTa partiis qalTa komitetSi, romlis mizani politpati­
marTa ojaxebis daxmareba iyo 7, 67, 95, 97, 118, 159, 160, 161, 174, 193,
195, 196, 209, 211, 231, 241, 242, 269, 305, 306, 317, 318, 319, 342, 344, 344,
359, 360, 361, 385, 386, 427, 428, 449, 479, 480, 481, 505, 529, 530, 533, 559,
560, 561, 566, 567, 593, 606
SaraSiZe _ samiqaoSi momsaxure mRvdeli 78
Sengelaia leo andrias Ze _ iuristi, socialist-revolucioneri,
1908 wlidan ruseTis socialist-revolucionerTa partiis wevri,
1917 wlidan iyo socialist-revolucionerTa partiis centraluri

643
organos „Sromis“ redaqtori; aqveynebda naSromebs agrarul sakiTx­
ebze. 1918 wlis maisSi qarTvel eserTa ruseTis partiidan gamoyofis
Semdeg saqarTvelos socialist-revoliucionerTa partiis centra­
luri komitetis Tavmjdomare, ck-s partiuli gazeTis „Sromis“ re­
daqtori, 1919 wlidan damfuZebeli krebis wevri, eserTa fraqciis
lideri. l. Sengelaia eserebTan erTad gamoirCeoda mTavrobis kri­
tikiT memarcxene poziciebidan 34, 40, 41, 42, 46, 51, 90, 100, 148, 168, 220
283, 337, 389, 395, 396, 406, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 415, 417, 418, 420, 421,
422, 423, 424, 431, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 442, 443, 446, 447, 457, 460, 461,
464, 466, 467, 470, 471, 476, 477, 484, 487, 505, 515, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521,
522, 546, 580, 586, 587, 589, 590, 591, 597, 599, 600
ServaSiZeebi, SarvaSiZeebi _ (afx.Чачба _ „CaCba“, megr. SaraSia) _
mTavarTa sagvareulo feodalur afxazeTSi 383
SoTa rusTaveli – XII-XIII ss. msoflios udidesi humanisti poeti.
avtori saqveynod cnobili poemisa „vefxistyaosani“. msoflios mra­
val literaturaTmcodneTa mier miiCneva Suasaukuneebis msoflio
literaturis erT-erT umniSvnelovanes warmomadgenlad. SoTa rus­
Tavelma, rogorc Cans, brwyinvale ganaTleba miiRo jer saqarTvelo­
Si, iyalTos akademiaSi, Semdeg _ bizantiaSi; Seiswavla berZnuli,
arabuli da sparsuli enebi, icnobda ara marto qarTvel moazrovne­
Ta naSromebs, aramed antikur filosofias, empedokles, heraklites,
platonis naSromebs, aRmosavlur literaturas (firdousi, gurgani,
nizami da sxva). literaturuli gadmocemis Tu samecniero hipoTezis
mixedviT mkvlevarebi askvnian, rom „vefxistyaosanis“ avtori, Tam­
ar mefis Tanamedrove, didgvarovani piri, iyo hereTis an mesxeTis
rusTavis mflobeli (aqedan zedwodeba _ rusTaveli), saqarTvelos
samefo karis meWurWleTuxucesi, romelmac xandazmulobaSi SeakeTe­
bina ierusalimis qarTuli jvris monasteri da moaxatvina svetebi.
am damsaxurebis aRsaniSnavad monastris saaRape wignSi Seitanes misi
saxeli, xolo monastris erT-erT svetze, maqsime aRmsareblisa da io­
ane damaskelis freskaTa Soris, misi suraTi gamosaxes 253, 291, 336
SCeglovitovi ivane grigoris Ze _ rusi kriminologi, samarTalm­
codne da saxelmwifo moRvawe, ruseTis imperiis iusticiis ministri
(1906-1915 ww.), ruseTis imperiis saxelmwifo sabWos ukanaskneli Tav­
mjdomare 434

C
CigogiZe n. _ kodoris mazris sofel Rufis miliciis ufrosi 590
CiCerini giorgi vasili Ze _ rusi saxelmwifo da politikuri moR­
vawe, politologi, istorikosi, musikaTmcodne, literatori da kri­
tikosi. daamTavra peterburgis universitetis istoria-filologi­
is fakulteti. 1904 wlidan iyo rsdmp wevri, menSeviki. 1907 wels

644
airCies partiis sazRvargareTuli biuros wevrad. monawileobda
partiis londonis yrilobis muSaobaSi. pirveli msoflio omis
msvle­lobis dros cxovrobda londonSi. iqve gaxda britaneTis so­
cialisturi partiis wevri. Tebervlis revoluciis Semdeg dabrunda
ruseTSi da miemxro bolSevikebs. bolSevikuri revoluciis Semdeg
dainiSna sagareo saqmeTa saxalxo komisariatSi Cinovnikad. 1918 wlis
ianvarSi dainiSna saxalxo komisris, lev trockis moadgiled. troc­
kis sam­xedro komisrad gadasvlis Semdeg dainiSna sagareo saqmeTa
saxalxo komisris Tanamdebobaze 46, 52, 548, 550, 551
CiCikovi pavle ivanes Ze _ n. v. gogolis poemis „mkvdari sulebi“
mTavari gmiri, romlis mizania gamdidreba da maRali socialuri sta­
tusis mopoveba. amisTvis is yidulobs ukve gardacvlili glexebis
dokumentebs, romlebic memamuleebs rogorc cocxlebi, ise hyavT aR­
werili da Semdgom aformebs maT Tavis saxelze 93
CubiniZe _ WiaTuris fosta-telegrafis kantoris mexuTe xarisxis
moxele 75
CxeiZe nikoloz (karlo) simonis Ze _ saxelmwifo da politikuri
moRvawe. daamTavra quTaisis klasikuri gimnazia, swavla ganagrZo
ukrainaSi. 1887 garicxes novorosiiskis universitetidan, ris Sem­
degac Sevida xarkovis veterinarul institutSi Tavisufali msme­
nelis rangSi, saidanac, 1888 w. garicxes revoluciuri ideebis gamo.
1892 TanamoazreebTan erTad ayalibebs social-demokratiul organi­
zacia „mesame dass“. 1907-1912 da 1912-1917 ww.-Si iyo me-3 da me-4 saxel­
mwifo saTaTbiroebis deputati Tbilisis guberniidan, sadac 1912
wlamde Tavmjdomareobda social-demokratiul fraqcias. 1918 wlis
aprilSi igi gaxda axladarCeuli sakanonmdeblo organos, amierkavka­
siis seimis Tavmjdomare, xolo amave wlis 26 maisidan _ saqarTvelos
damoukideblobis gamocxadebidan erovnuli sabWos Tavmjdomared
darCa. Tavmjdomareobda 1918 wels parizis samSvidobo konferenci­
aze gasagzavn delegacias. xelmZRvanelobda londonisa da san-remos
konferenciebze qarTuli delegacias; 1919 wlis 12 marts dauswreb­
lad airCies damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomared. qarTvelTa Soris
wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri 338, 418
Cxenkeli akaki ivanes Ze _ social-demokrati, iuristi da publi­
cisti, menSevikTa erT-erTi lideri ruseTsa da saqarTveloSi. daam­
Tavra xonis saswavlebeli da Cairicxa Tbilisis sasuliero seminar­
iaSi, gaficvaSi monawileobis gamo, saswavleblidan garicxes (1893).
1896-1901 ww-Si ruseTSia. kievSi, moskovsa da peterburgSi swavlobs
iuridiul mecnierebas. studentTa revoluciur gamosvlebSi mona­
wileobisTvis swavla veRar gaagrZela da samSobloSi dabrunda.
1902-1904 ww-Si afxazeTSi advokatad muSaobda, ebrZoda ruseTis
dampyroblur-Sovinistur politikas, werda statiebs qarTul da
rusul presaSi, monawileobda sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi. 1907 daam­

645
Tavra laifcigis universiteti da swavla gaagrZela SveicariaSi,
Jenevis universitetSi. 1912 wels soc. demokratiuli partiis siiT
gaxda meoTxe saxelmwifo saTaTbiros deputati afxazeTidan da ba­
Tum-yarsis olqidan. saTaTbiros tribunidan icavda e.w. „moRalate
aWarlebis“ uflebebs da bevri adamiani gadaarCina sikvdiliT dasjas.
1917 wlis revoluciis Semdeg Sevida amierkavkasiis gansakuTrebuli
komitetis SemadgenlobaSi. 1917-1918 wlebSi saqarTvelos erovnu­
li sabWosa da misi aRmaskomis wevria. amierkavkasiis demokratiuli
federaciuli respublikis damoukideblobis gamocxadebis Semdeg
gaxda axali saxelmwifos mTavrobis Tavmjdomare. 1918 wlis 26 maiss,
saqarTvelos damoukideblobis aRdgenis Semdeg dainiSna sagareo
saqmeTa ministrad, 1919 wels airCies damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad so­
cial-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis siiT. saerTaSoriso asparezze
didi wvlili miuZRvis saqarTvelos damoukideblobis cnobisTvis da
erTa ligaSi mis gawevrianebisTvis. iyo saqarTvelos demokratiuli
respublikis sruluflebiani elCi safrangeTSi, qarTvelTa Soris
wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri 25, 34, 41, 58, 212,
222, 223, 228, 273, 287, 323, 335, 408, 534, 536, 554, 556, 557
CxikviSvili beniamin (benia) grigolis (gigos) Ze _ politikosi,
swavlobda quTaisis sasoflo-sameurneo skolaSi,(ar dausrulebia)
damfuZnebeli krebis wevri social-demokratiuli partiidan, memar­
cxene socialisti, ris gamoc bolSevizmTan siaxloves sayvedurob­
dnen. ekava Tbilisis qalaqis Tavis Tanamdeboba 1919-1920, 1919 wels
gaxda afxazeTis gubernatori, 1920 w. _ quTaisis, Semdeg baTumis
ol­qis general-gubernatori. 1921 wels dainiSna Sinagan saqmeTa mi­
nistris moadgiled. 1921 wels sabWoTa ruseTis mier saqarTvelos
oku­paciis Semdeg wavida emigraciaSi. iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiT­
xvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri 377, 503, 517, 524, 525, 594

c
cabaZe vasil zaqarias Ze _ social-demokrati, swavlobda Tbi­lisis
saxelosno saswavlebelSi. 1901 wels iyo recolucioner-­demokratTa
dasis wevri ioseb stalinTan erTad. iyo muSaTa wreebis erT-erTi
pirveli damaarsebeli, Tbilisis rsdmp-s Tbilisis komitetis wevri;
Sedioda bolSevikur fraqciaSi, Semdeg miemxro menSevikebs. 1918-
1921 wlebSi arCeul iqna saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis
erovnuli sabWosa da damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad. iyo qarTvelTa
Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis Tbilisis ganyo­
filebis sarevizio komisiis wevri. sabWoTa okupaciis Semdeg darCa
saqarTveloSi. exmareboda Tanapartielebs cixidan gaTavisufleba­
Si. 1924 w-is ajanyebis dawyebisTanave Cekam daapatimra da daxvrita 8,
9, 98, 99, 124, 128, 129, 132, 133, 153, 136, 160, 163, 168, 169, 196, 198, 256,
265, 311, 318, 321, 594, 601

646
cagareiSvili _ fosta-telegrafis olqis moxele, soc-federa­listi 113
cincaZe noe konstantines Ze _ pedagogi, fizika-maTematikosi,
politikuri d sazogado moRvawe, social-demokrati. saqar­Tve­los
demokratiuli respublikis ganaTlebis ministris moad­gile. daam­
Tavra sasuliero seminaria da umaRlesi ganaTleba miiRo fizika-­
maTematikosis specialobiT. seminariaSi swavlis periodSi so­
cial-demokratiuli partiis wevri gaxda. 1918 wli seqtembridan iyo
Tbilisis qalTa gimnaziis direqtori, 1919 wlis 5 aprilidan saqarT­
velos demokratiuli respublikis ganaTlebis ministris moadgile.
1918 wlidan parlamentis wevria, 1919 wlidan _ damfuZnebeli krebis
wevri. n. cincaZem SeZlo rusuli skolebis qarTuliT Secvla, moamar­
aga saxelmZRvanelobiT da evropaSi uamravi axalgazrda gagzavna sas­
wavleblad. emigraciaSi mniSvnelovan rols asrulebda radio „Tavi­
suflebis“ saqmianobaSi. misi iniciativiT moxda parizidan harvardis
biblioTekaSi social-demokratiuli partiis erovnuli mTavrobis
arqivis gadatana. iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis ga­mavrcelebeli
sazogadoebis wevri 116
ciskariSvili gabriel dimitris Ze _ social-demokrati. saSualo
ganaTleba Tbilisis vaJTa me-3 gimnaziaSi miiRo, umaRlesi ganaTleba
ki _ moskovis saxelmwifo universitetSi. 1914 wlidan rsdmp-s menS­
vikuri fraqcias SeuerTda, 1917 w-dan saqarTveloSi dabrunda da
mSobliur mazraSi eweoda sazogadoebriv da politikur saqmiano­
bas. 1919 wels arCeul iqna saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis
damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad, aqtiur saqmianobas eweoda krebis TviT­
mmarTvelobisa da sabiblioTeko komisiaSi. iyo qarTvelTa Soris
wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri 594, 604, 605, 606
cxakaia mixa _ politikuri lideri, revolucioneri, 1892-1893 wleb­
Si iyo saqarTveloSi pirveli marqsistuli organizaciis „mesame da­
sis“ erT-erTi damaarsebeli. 1917 wlis maisidan igi iyo muSaTa da
glexTa deputatebis kavkasiis samxareo sabWos wevri, oqtombridan _
rsdmp (b) kavkasiis samxareo komitetis wevri da Semdeg misi erT-er­
Ti xelmZRvaneli. 1906-1907 wlebSi monawileobda Tbilisis profkav­
Sirebis centris Seqmnasa da mis muSaobaSi. 1907-1917 wlebSi emigra­
ciaSi yofnisas mWidro kavSiri da mimowera hqonda saqarTvelosa da
amierkavkasiis partiul organizaciebTan. monawileobda rsdmp VII
(aprilis) konferenciis muSaobaSi. gazeT „kavkazski raboCis“ saqmia­
nobaSi, filipe maxaraZesTan erTad redaqtorobda gazeT „brZolas“.
1917-1920 wlebSi rsdmp (b) Tbilisis komitetis wevri, saqarTvelos
ssr sruluflebiani warmomadgeneli rsfsr mTavrobaSi, 1919 wlis
ivnisSi menSevikurma mTavrobam igi daapatimra. 1920 wels misi gaT­
avisuflebis Semdeg Sevida saqarTvelos kp (b) ck-s SemadgenlobaSi.
1921-1922 wlebSi igi iyo saqarTvelos ssr sruluflebiani warmomad­
geneli rsfsr mTavrobaSi 521

647
Z
ZiZiguri varlam _ cnobili pedagogi, filologi, sazogado moR­
vawe. 1939 wels daamTavra xonis saostato seminaria, 1923 wels _
Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis sibrZnismetyvelebis fakulte­
ti. eweoda pedagogiur moRvaweobas. avtoria qarTuli enis saskolo
meToduri saxelmZRvaneloebisa. mis mier aleqsandre gvaxariasTan er­
Tad Sedgenili „deda ena“ (1926- 1943) 18-jer gamoica 106

w
wereTeli irakli (kaki) giorgis Ze _ iuristi, politikosi _ so­
cial-demokrati, menSevikebis erT-erTi lideri, publicisti, udide­
si qarTveli tribuni, social-demokratiuli gazeT „kvalis“ faqto­
brivi redaqtori, ruseTis meore saxelmwifo saTaTbiros opoziciis
lideri. i. wereTelma Tbilisis pirveli gimnazia oqros medliT
daamTavra da imave wels swavla moskovis universitetis iuridiul
fakultetze gaagrZela. 1901 miiRo monawileoba studentTa mRel­
varebaSi da Tavmjdomareobda studenturi organizaciis aRmas­
rulebel komitets. dawera „Cveni miznebi“, romelic studentTa mis­
wrafebebs gamoxatavda. i. wereTeli moskovel studentTa moZraobis
aRiarebuli lideri gaxda. 1907 meore saxelmwifo saTaTbiros depu­
tatad airCies, sadac social-demokratiuli fraqciisa da, saerTod,
ruseTis social-demokratiis erT-erTi aRiarebuli lideri gaxda.
1917 wels gaxda ruseTis droebiTi koaliciuri mTavrobis wevri da
fosta-telegrafis ministri. iyo 1917 wlis ruseTis Tebervlis rev­
oluciis erT-erTi meTauri. saqarTvelos delegaciis erT-erTi war­
momadgeneli versalis sazavo konferenciaze. droebiTi mTavrobis
damxobis Semdeg _ social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis fraqcis
Tavmjdomare saqarTvelos erovnul sabWoSi da damfuZnebel krebaSi.
saqarTvelos delegaciis wevri parizis sam­Svidobo konferenciaze
418, 524
wverava _ fosta-telegrafis moxele 107, 108
wulaia _ zugdidis fostis moxele 87

W
WavWaniZe ivane iosebis Ze _ maTematikosi, pedagogi, politikosi,
daamTavra moskovis universitetis maTematikis fakulteti. studen­
tobidanve SeuerTda menSevikur fraqcias. 1917 wlis Tebervlis rev­
oluciis Semdeg arCeuli iyo xonis qalaqisTavad, 1919 wlis wlis 12
marts airCies saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis damfuZnebe­
li krebis wevrad saqarTvelos social-demokratiuli muSaTa parti­
is siiT. iyo gzaTa komisiis Tavmjdomare, samandato komisiis mdivani,
sarekomendacio, TviTmmarTvelobis da safinanso-sabiujeto komis­

648
iebis wevri, paralelurad iyo momaragebis ministris, Semdeg ki _
Sinagan saqmeTa ministris amxanagi. iyo qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis
gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri 408
WeliZe _ fosta-telegrafis olqis ufrosis mrCeveli 73
WiWinaZe _ fosta-telegrafis departamentis direqtori 88
WiWinaZe besarion _ daamTavra peterburgis teqnologiuri insti­
tuti 1913 wels. 1913-1916 wlebSi muSaobda buxaris, 1916-1917 wleb­
Si trapizonis rkinigzebis mSeneblobaze. 1919 wlis martSi dam­
fuZnebeli krebis mier Seqmnili gzaTa saministros departamentis
Tavm­jdomared dainiSna 171, 172, 385, 390
WiWinaZe parmen (nikoloz) _ eqimi, politikosi, social-demokra­
tiuli partiis menSevikuri frTis wevri, monawileobda 1905 wlis
revoluciur gamosvlebSi. daamTavra xarkovis universitetis sa­
medicino fakulteti1918-1920 wlebSi iyo Sinagan saqmeTa ministris,
noe ramiSvilis moadgile da periodulad ministris movaleobas as­
rulebda. 1920 wlis 3 dekembers dainiSna samxedro ministrad. iyo
Sinagan saqmeTa ministris moadgile; qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis
gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri. (misi dakrZalvis dRe gadaiqca
pirvel antisabWoTa demonstraciad) 72, 109, 434
WrelaSvili varlam _ fosta-telegrafis centraluri kavSiris
gamgeobis wevri 106

x
xan-xoeli (faTali xan-xoeli, fatali xan xoiski) _ azerbaijanis
demokratiuli respublikis mTavrobis Tavmjdomare. 1897 wels daam­
Tavra moskovis saxelmwifo universitetis iuridiuli fakulteti.
wlebis ganmavlobaSi muSaobda iuristad soxumSi, quTaisSi, zugdid­
Si. 1917 wlis 27 maisidan 7 dekembramde iyo azerbaijanis droebi­
Ti erovnuli sabWos wevri da aRmasrulebeli sabWos Tavmjdomare.
azerbaijanis demokratiuli respublikis Seqmnis Semdeg, 1918 wlis
28 maiss, dainiSna respublikis pirvel premier-ministrad da Sinagan
saqmeTa ministrad. faTali xanma SemoiRo mravalpartiuli sistema;
azerbaijanis safosto sistema; daaarsa azerbaijanuli manaTi; daawe­
sa azerbaijanuli ena yvela skolebsa da kolejebSi umTavres enad.
1918-20 wlebSi iyo azerbaijanis samxedro ministri da sagareo saqme­
Ta ministri. azerbaijanis gasabWoebis Semdeg 1920 wlis maisidan
sacxovreblad gadavida saqarTveloSi. 1920 wlis 19 ivniss erevnis
moedanze mokles somexma daSnakebma 13, 14, 36
xatisovi aleqsandre ivanes Ze (xatisiani) _ somxeTis respubli­
kis mTavrobis warmomadgeneli _ tfilisis administraciuli sabWos
wevri 1905 wels, 1908-1910 ww. _ Tbilisis Tavis moadgile. daamTavra
vaJTa pirveli gimnazia, swavla ganagrZo moskovis universitetis

649
samedicino fakultetze, Semdgom xarkovis universitetis samedi­
cini fakultetze, italiaSi, safrangeTsa da germaniaSi Seiswavla
higiena, sazogadoebrivi, samarTaldamcavi da municipaluri saqme.
1910 wlidan arCeul iqna qalaqis Tavad. pirveli msoflio omis dros
xatisovi Tavmjdomareobda qalaqebis aliansis kavkasiis komitets.
xatisovi iyo somxeTis moxaliseTa razmebis da somexi ltolvilebis
daxmarebis erT-erTi organizatori. 1916 wels aqtiurad monawile­
obda dasavleT somxeTidan devnilebis dasaxmareblad, romelTagan
bevrma TavSesafari hpova tfilisSi. 1915-1917 wlebSi arCeul iqna
somxeTis erovnuli biuros Tavmjdomaris moadgiled (tfilisi). 1917
wels gadadga qalaqis Tavis Tanamdebobidan da SeuerTda daSnakcu­
Tiunis partias (oficialurad soxeTis revoluciuri federacia,
SemoklebiT daSnaki). meTaurobda somxeTis erovnul biuros, Tavmj­
domareobda somxeTis politikuri partiebis krebas. monawileobda
somxeTis erovnuli sabWos SeqmnaSi. 1918 wlis aprilSi amierkavka­
siis demokratiuli federaciuli respublikis Seqmnis Semdeg dain­
iSna finansTa da sursaTis ministrad, agreTve amierkavkasiis seimis
mTavrobis qvelmoqmedebis ministrad. iyo somxeTis mTavrobis Tavm­
jdomare, somxeTis sagareo saqmeTa ministri, sakrebulos wevri da
erT-erTi saqalaqo komisiis Tavmjdomare 57, 58, 219
xomeriki noe giorgis Ze _ politikosi, daamTavra quTaisis sameur­
neo skola, sadac aralegalur wreebSi socialistur moZRvrebas
gaecno da social-demokratiuli partiis wevri gaxda. 1903-1906 ww.
aqtiurad monawileobda guriis glexTa moZraobasa da guriis re­
spublikis gamocxadebaSi; iyo saqarTvelos demokratiuli respub­
likis miwaTmoqmedebisa da Sromisa da gzaTa ministri; damfuZnebeli
krebis wevri social-demokratiuli partiidan, misi TaosnobiT, 1919
wlis 31 ianvars, damfuZnebelma krebam miiRo agraruli reformis
Catarebis gadawyvetileba. reforma gulisxmobda miwis CamorTmevas
msxvili memamuleebisTvis da gadanawilebas glexobaze, saxelmwifo
sakuTrebaSi rCeboda mdinareebi, tyeebi da saZovrebi. iyo qarTvelTa
Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis wevri 244, 353, 356,
374, 376, 378, 385, 422
xoWolava muxran-iona maqsimes Ze (muxran odiSeli) _ politiko­
si, rsdmp-s wevri, swavlobda peterburgis fsiqonevrologiuri in­
stitutis iuridiul fakultetze. saqarTvelos demokratiuli res­
publikis damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad airCies 1919 wlis 12 martidan,
iyo sakonstitucio, samxedro, gzaTa da saxalxo ganaTlebis komis­
iebis wevri. 1920 wlisaTvis muSaobda baTumSi didi britaneTis saok­
upacio Zalebis sardlobasTan saqarTvelos demokratiuli respub­
likis mTavrobis diplomatiur warmomadgenlad. 1921 wlis ianvarSi
saqarTvelos soc.-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis sxva 11 wevrTan er­
Tad Camoayaliba opoziciuri jgufi „sxivi“ 157

650
j
jaiani nikoloz _ moqalaqe 388
jafariZe konstantine iasonis Ze _ social-demokrati, 1918 wels
saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis mTavrobis saqmeTa mmarT­
veli. daamTavra quTaisis gimnazia. umaRlesi iuridiuli ganaTleba
miiRo xarkovis univeristetSi, swavlobda SveicariaSic. ganaTlebis
miRebis Semdeg advokatad muSaobda TbilisSi. 1905 SeuerTda rsdm
partiis menSevikebis fraqcias. iyo partiis aqtiuri wevri, eweoda
publicistur saqmianobas. k. jafariZe iyo saqarTvelos demokra­
tiuli respublikis erovnuli sabWos wevri 1917 wlidan. 1919 wels
airCies damfuZnebeli krebis wevrad social-demokratiuli muSa­
Ta partiis siiT, Sedioda damfuZnebeli krebis prezidiumis Semad­
genlobaSi, iyo sakonstitucio komisiis wevri; qarTvelTa Soris
wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis Tbilisisa da soxumis
ganyofilebaTa wevri. sabWoTa ruseTis mier saqarTvelos okupaciis
Semdeg darCa saqarTveloSi, monawileobda antisabWoTa gamosvlebSi
da propagandas eweoda. Sedioda social-demokratiuli partiis ara­
legaluri organizaciis cekas SemadgenlobaSi 7, 67, 120, 141, 159, 176,
195, 211, 231, 255, 269, 309, 317, 321, 343, 388, 389, 400, 402, 403, 449, 507,
529, 533, 559, 567, 594
jafariZe ivane mixeilis (?) Ze _ saqarTvelos demokratiuli res­
publikis senatis wevri. 1919 wlis 7 oqtombers damfuZnebelma krebam
i. jafariZe saqarTvelos senatis Tavmjdomaris moadgiled airCia.
1921 wlis 25 ianvars igi Tanamdebobidan gadadga. iyo qarTvelTa So­
ris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis namdvili wevri 444
jafariZe sergo daviTis Ze _ iuristi, social-demokrati, saqar­
Tvelos erovnuli sabWosa da damfuZnebeli krebis wevri. daamTavra
novorosiis universitetis iuridiuli fakulteti, msaxurobda naf­
ic veqilad, iyo nafic veqilTa sabWos Tavmjdomare. 1906 airCies
ruseTis pirveli saxelmwifo saTaTbiros deputatad quTaisis gu­
berniidan. aqtiurad monawileobda saparlamento muSaobaSi, gabedu­
lad akritikebda rogorc xelisuflebas, aseve im partiebs, romlebic
parlamentSi mxars uWerdnen antixalxuri kanonebis miRebas. iyo ni­
Wieri oratori, aqtiurad iyo Cabmuli damoukidebeli saqarTvelos
saxelmwifoebriv cxovrebaSi. 1917 wlis noembridan iyo erovnuli
sabWos wevri, sakonstitucio komisiis wevri. 1918 wels saqarTvelos
demokratiuli respublikis mTavrobis saqmeTa mmarTveli, iusticiis
ministris moadgile, nafic msajulTa sabWos Tavmjdomare, qarTvel­
Ta Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis namdvili wev­
ri, Tbilisis ganyofilebis mudmivi wevri (1920). sabWoTa okupaciis
Semdeg Cabmuli iyo winaaRmdegobis moZraobaSi 95, 256, 257, 265, 267,
400, 402, 428, 429, 443, 445, 450, 481, 594, 595, 599, 600

651
jorjaZe arCil (fsevdonimi sabueli) _ politikuri da sazoga­
do moRvawe, publicisti, filosofosi, sociologi. saqarTvelos so­
cialist-federalistTa partiis mTavari komitetis wevri. daamTavra
Tbilisis pirveli gimnazia. 1892-93 ww. swavla ganagrZo peterburgis
universitetis iuridiul fakultetze, Semdeg swavlobda varSava­
Si, inglisis, safrangeTisa da Sveicariis umaRles saswavleblebSi.
1900 wels dabrunda saqarTveloSi. iyo „cnobis furclis“ mudmivi
TanamSromeli. 1903-1905ww. parizSi sxvebTan erTad daaarsa Jurnali
„saqarTvelo“, romelic qarTul da frangul enebze gamodioda. 1905
wels saqarTveloSi dabrunebis Semdeg moRvaweobda gazeTebSi: „isa­
ri“, „amirani“. Seqmna „saerTo niadagis Teoria“, romelic mouwodeb­
da eris erTianobisaken da uaryofda klasobriv dapirispirebas. iyo
dimitri yifianis pirveli biografi, ilia WavWavaZis TxzulebaTa
pirveli akademiuri gamocemis (1914) iniciatori 104, 107
juReli valeriani (varlam) anTimosis Ze (valerian anTimozis
Ze) _ qarTveli politikosi (social-demokratiuli partiis wevri,
menSevikuri fraqcia) da samxedro piri. daamTavra soxumis gimnazia,
swavla ganagrZo peterburgis universitetSi. iyo Tbilisis muSaTa
da jariskacTa deputatebis sabWos aRmasrulebebli komitetisa da
saqarTvelos erovnuli sabWos wevri, 1918 wlidan amierkavkasiis sei­
misa da saqarTvelos parlamentis wevri.) 1919 wlidan damfuZnebeli
krebis wevri (social-demokratiuli muSaTa partiis siiT), samxe­
dro komisiis wevri. qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli
sazogadoebis wevri. emigraciaSi sxva samxedroebTan erTad SeimuSa­
va ajanyebis gegma. safrangeTSi specialuri wvrTnis gavlis Semdeg
aralegalurad dabrunda saqarTveloSi, Sevida damoukideblobis
komitetis samxedro komisiaSi da saTaveSi Caudga ajanyebis samza­
diss 298, 299, 516, 525, 540

Г
Анаников учитель Цалкинской греческой школы _ [ananikovi] - walkis
berZnuli skolis maswavlebeli 581
Гегiадзе Гр. _ Товарищъ предсѣдателя Кодорского уѣздного комитета партiи
социалистовъ-революцiонеровъ – [gegiaZe grigol] - kodoris social­
ist-revolucionerTa partiis samazro komitetis Tavmjdomaris
moadgile, erobis mdivani 590
Гуния – [gunia] 581

Д
Дгебуадзе А. – Секретарь Кодорского уѣздного комитета партiи социалистовъ-
революцiонеровъ – [dgebuaZe a.] _ kodoris socialist-revolucionerTa
partiis samazro komitetis mdivani 590

652
И
Иоаниди – Предсъдатель Цалкинское раiонное бюро партiи Соц.-демократов –
[ioanidi] walkis social-demokratiuli partiis raionuli biuros
Tavmjdomare 585

К
Кашба Дзазу – житель села Гупи кодорского уъезда – [kaSba ZaZu] kodoris
mazris sofel Rufis mcxovrebi 590

М
Маршанiя Алмахсид Казишбеков – житель села Гупи кодорского уъезда – [mar-
Sania almasxid kaziSbekovi] kodoris mazris sofel Rufis mcxov­rebi
590
Михайлов учитель Цалкинской греческой школы – [mixailovi] wal­kis
berZnuli skolis maswavlebeli 581

Ц
Цверава – служащий почты – [wverava] – fosta-telegrafis moxele 108

Ч
Чагулов – членъ Цалкинского раiонного бюро партiи Соц.-демократов [Cagu-
lovi] walkis social-demokratiuli partiis raionuli biuros wev­
ri 585
Чигогидзе Н. – Начальник Гупской сельской милицiи – [CigogiZe n.] _ ko­
doris mazris sofel Rufis miliciis ufrosi 590

Ш
Шанiя М. – Секретарь Начальника Гупской сельской милицiи – [Sania m.] –sofel
Rufis/gufis miliciis ufrosis mdivani 590

Х
Харабiя Тагвач – житель села Гупи кодорского уъезда – [xarabia TaRvaC]
sofel Rufis/gufis miliciis ufrosis mdivani 590

653
 adgilTa saZiebeli

a
aderbaijani/aderbeijani
13, 14, 20, 29, 30, 36, 41, 56, 58, 91,
213, 216, 217, 225, 228, 269, 270,
271, 271, 276, 277, 283, 284, 285,
286, 288, 293, 295, 298, 299, 303,
306, 328, 329, 409, 536
avstria 27, 28,
avstro-ungreTi 89, 277
azerbaijani/azerbeijani
36, 50, 209, 211, 213, 214, 215,
217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222,
224, 225, 227, 228, 322, 323,
329, 333, 335, 336, 339, 340,
411, 412, 415, 421, 488, 489,
522, 533, 534, 536, 537, 538,
540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 545,
547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552,
555, 556, 579, 591, 604
azia 12, 29, 30, 33, 34, 44, 49, 50,
51, 52, 63, 65, 113, 213, 215, 272,
273, 274, 275, 277, 287, 288, 292,
293, 294, 295, 297, 306, 327, 337,
551, 556
akeTi 78
alaiani/aliani/alaiani/
aRa­iani)
albioni 36
aleqsandres saxelobis bav­
SvTa TavSesafari 241, 242, 252,
256
aleqsandropol-julfi 30
alsanis mTa 541
amerika 72, 126, 179, 218, 226, 336,
337, 371, 584
9, amierkavkasia/amier-kavkasia
14, 15, 20, 23, 24, 33, 35, 36, 40, 50,
82, 211, 213, 214, 215, 218, 220, 221,
222, 224, 227, 228, 265, 276, 283,
288, 289, 298, 328, 333, 374, 460,
461, 465, 595,
amier kavkasiis konfederacia
212
29, amier-kavkasiis respublika
216, 82, 213
223, anatolia 271, 288, 328
328, antverpeni 327
407,
araratis respublika 12
492,
539, argentina 326, 468
546, argveTi 244
553, ardagani 48, 49, 299
arTvini 48, 49, 62
arzrumi/azrumi 271, 272, 275,
276, 277, 281, 306, 329
artaani 21, 26, 34, 59, 63, 64, 141,
143, 145, 146, 175, 177, 192, 196,
218, 220, 276, 513, 514
artaanis olqi 11, 14, 218, 219
(ix.
artaanis qedebi 53
artanuji/ardanuji/ardanu-
Wi 21, 26, 27, 34, 53
ateni 207
afxazeTi 151, 175, 177, 179, 193,
383, 522, 587, 590
afxazeTis gzatkecili 171,
aqstafa 545
aqstafis gza 128

655
aRaiani (teqstSi zogan aliani,
alaiani) 344, 360, 387, 388, 397,
428, 450
aRbulaRis raioni 153
aRmosavleTi saqarTvelo 273,
483, 585
aWara 11, 22, 31, 32, 47, 64, 179
aWaristani/ajaristani 12, 23,
32, 50, 59
aWaristanis saxelmwifo 12, 23
aWaris qedi 10
axalsenakis gzatkecili 170
axalqalaqi 204, 218, 219, 220, 256,
364, 441, 445, 513, 595
axalqalaqis oazisi 219
axalcixe 12, 14, 21, 26, 48, 59, 63,
137, 218, 220, 245, 246, 297, 357,
441, 445, 490, 513, 595
axalcixis mazra 159, 161, 165,
212, 246, 404, 429, 430, 441, 445, 490
ajameTi/ajameTis sarwyavi
ar­xi 120, 122, 135, 143, 314
b bresti 11, 18, 19, 24, 45, 48, 219,
babaqiari 536
baTomi/baTumi 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12,
13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22,
23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32,
33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 43,
44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 52, 54, 55, 56, 57,
58, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 68, 70, 91,
98, 119, 121, 124, 125, 127, 128, 213,
214, 218, 219, 220, 221, 227, 257,
276, 277, 284, 294, 296, 297, 299,
300, 304, 305, 327, 333, 334, 407,
460, 560, 561, 562, 563 / 7, 9, 13, 17,
18, 19, 20, 24, 25, 26, 28, 30, 32, 33,
35, 45, 49, 50, 51, 53, 84, 113, 142,
340, 460, 530, 546, 550
656
baTomis olqi 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15,
18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 30, 31,
32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 41, 42, 43, 44,
45, 46, 48, 49, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63,
64, 65, 69, 333, 334, 340, 546, 550,
560, 561, 562, 564
bakuriani 131, 134
balajari 271
baltiis mxare 214, 289
baqo 13, 29, 30, 35, 70, 84, 213, 215,
270, 271, 272, 277, 288, 295, 297,
298, 323, 327, 328, 412, 548
belgia 327, 371
beliasuari 107
berlini 295
beSTaSeni (teqstSi beStaSeni)
584, 585
bizantia 63
borCalo/borCalos mazra 220,
256, 295, 442, 534, 548, 568, 580,
581, 582, 583, 584, 586, 587, 590, 601
borCxi 62
borjomi 205, 499, 513, 514, 579, 595
220, 550
brest-litovi/brest-litov­
ski 11, 12, 27, 28, 47, 64, 271, 276
bulgareTi/bulgaria 27, 28, 39
g
gagra 171, 270, 595
ganja 277, 369, 536, 549, 550
ganjis gubernia 536
germania/germaneTi 14, 27, 28,
39, 51, 52, 53, 70, 218, 276, 277, 294,
295, 297, 299, 327, 352, 371, 372,
492, 504
golovinis prospeqti 489, 505
gori 34, 35, 206, 207, 208, 244, erevnis olqi 211
246, 508, 513, 514, 529, 595, erevnis respublika 284
goris mazra 244 erzerumi 33
goris jvari 207 estoneTi 39, 52, 285
gudauTi/gudauTa 75, 171, 595
guria 10, 137 v
gurjistani 50 velikorosia/didi ruseTi 15, 51
veliscixe 112
d vena 89
dariali 270, 310, 315, 318, 548 versali 27, 28, 53
darialis xeoba 483 vladikavkavi 300
dasavleT evropa 38, 39, 62, 89,
163, 290, 324, 325, 342, 579
z
daRestani 37, 285
zangezuri 14, 216, 222, 224, 225,
denikini 15, 16, 24, 37, 55, 56, 73, 228, 328
284, 285, 286, 287, 289, 301, 305,
zaqaTala 537, 538, 539, 542, 543,
325, 341, 383, 483, 487, 530, 552
545, 547, 550, 553, 555, 557
doni 39, 285
zeda oseTi 293
drezdeni 130
zemo silezia 38
duSeTi 101, 595
zestafoni 595
duSeTis mazra 256
zugdidi 87, 171, 593, 594, 595,
605, 606
e
evropa 8, 12, 14, 19, 28, 29, 30, 33, T
34, 35, 38, 43, 44, 45, 47, 48, 50, 51,
Tavrizi 30
52, 53, 56, 61, 62, 63, 65, 67, 68, 69,
70, 74, 91, 99, 113, 116, 117, 127, Telavi 354, 499, 593, 594, 595,
162, 163, 169, 212, 215, 218, 220, 601, 604
221, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 277, Tergi 552
278, 285, 286, 287, 288, 290, 292, TianeTi 354
293, 294, 297, 303, 305, 306, 324, TianeTis mazra 153
326, 327, 328, 329, 334, 335, 336,
TumaniSvilis mamuli 192
337, 338, 339, 340, 349, 371, 454,
472, 505, 524, 540, 543, 551, 556 TuSeTi 483
ekaterinodari 53, 304
eldaris veli 537
eligulaSvilis mamuli 192
erevani/erivani 70, 91, 215, 218,
219, 227, 228, 369, 551

657
i latvia 290
ialama 303 leCxumi 11, 375, 394,
inglisi 11, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 23, leCxumis mazra 586
24, 33, 36, 45, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, liaxvi 208
54, 55, 56, 57, 59, 70, 91, 126, 149,
litva/litvia 39, 285, 290
178, 179, 183, 218, 219, 292, 293,
294, 295, 297, 327, 334, 336, 337, lixauri 87
371, 442, 455, 456, 457, 462, 487, londoni 33, 47, 218, 290
503, 504, 548, 549, 551, 562, 575, 597
indoeTi 50, 293, 294 m
irlandia 126 mamisonis uReltexili 575
italia 45, 46, 50, 53, 59, 179, 183, manglisis raioni 153
327, 371, 373 maroko 468
meliqiSvilis mamuli 8, 68, 98,
k 120, 121, 131
kavkasia 25, 31, 38, 45, 53, 65, 211, mesxeT-javaxeTi 141, 143, 145,
216, 218, 539, 541, 548 146, 175, 177, 192, 196
kavkasiis qedi 51, 57, 87, 216, mesxeTi 146
293, 294, 296, 337 mejvrisxevi 204
kavkasioni 46, 281, 294, 303 mTiuleTi 179
kavkasionis uReltexili 281 miunxeni 130
kaspiis zRva 38 mixeilis saxelobis saavadmyo­
karabaxi 218 fo 201, 270, 309, 310, 312, 317
kaxeTi 313, 357, 550 mleTi 75, 76
kodori 300 moskovi 130, 213, 271, 272, 274,
kondoli 344, 360, 387, 388, 397, 450 275, 276, 277, 281, 283, 288, 294,
konstantinopoli 47, 481, 508, 295, 298, 306, 321, 322, 323, 326,
526, 529 327, 329, 335, 336, 481, 508, 526,
529, 537, 543, 545, 548, 549, 555
ksani (qsani) 579
mosuli 290
kultuki (yure) 112
mtkvari 208
kulaSi 314
muwo-xaxaba (Temoba) 483
kursebi 434
mcire azia 18, 45, 290
mcxeTa 187, 483, 574
l
lazika 292
lazistani 33, 50
laTinTa ubani (safrangeTSi) 383
lanCxuTi 593, 594, 605

658
n ruseTi 11, 12, 15, 16, 26, 27, 28,
natanebi 21, 48, 49, 60, 61, 127, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42,
128, 300 44, 46, 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57, 61, 63,
64, 70, 71, 82, 84, 87, 89, 92, 100,
naxalovka 487
103, 104, 105, 110, 111, 113, 126,
naxiCevani 228 137, 148, 162, 163, 165, 178, 180,
182, 193, 200, 212, 214, 215, 216,
o 218, 266, 270, 272, 274, 275, 276,
ozurgeTi 120, 122, 138, 143, 300, 277, 281, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288,
593, 594, 595, 605 289, 290, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296,
297, 302, 303, 305, 321, 322, 323,
okriba 434
324, 325, 326, 327, 329, 330, 331,
olTisi 50, 64 332, 334, 335, 336, 337, 339, 340,
olRas instituti 124, 201 341, 342, 369, 383, 391, 409, 412,
oni 595 414, 418, 422, 429, 437, 444, 452,
455, 456, 457, 466, 468, 475, 485,
oseTi 550
487, 488, 484, 504, 505, 511, 521,
osmaleTi 10,11, 12, 16, 18, 23, 24, 522, 524, 537, 539, 540, 542, 543,
27, 28, 29, 30, 33, 36, 37, 38, 44, 45, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551,
51, 62, 63, 64, 65, 138, 165, 179, 212, 552, 556, 579, 580, 600
213, 217, 218, 219, 2290, 228, 271,
271, 275, 276, 277, 280, 281, 283,
rusTvelis pr. # 13 253
293, 294, 295, 297, 298, 299, 300,
301, 302, 304, 329, 339, 434, 548, 551 s
oSori 245 saberZneTi 44, 292
oCamCire 171 sabWoTa ruseTi 11, 41, 52, 64,
oxera 207 103, 270, 274, 281, 288, 289, 329,
340, 341, 342, 457, 522, 545, 546,
551, 552
p
sadaxlo 300, 301
parizi 27, 30, 32, 37, 41, 47, 89,
130, 214, 218, 251, 286, 458
saTaTreTi 217
penza 468 saingilo 295, 339, 537, 544, 546,
550
petrogradi 27, 286, 419, 468
samegrelo 10, 114, 300, 357
poloneTi 39, 45, 57, 165, 166,
290, 337, 479, 549
samiqao 78
samuslimano saqarTvelo/sa-
mahmadiano saqarTvelo 24, 25,
r 35, 44, 62, 65, 257, 340, 530, 563/24,
redutkali 595 26, 50, 62, 220, 221, 290,
romi 281 samtredia 595
rostovi 38, 301 samxreT tiroli 46
ruminia 39

659
sanainis sanapiro saeqimo sa­
meTvalyureo sadguri 312, 318,
321, 344, 369
sangaiti 271
maiorSa 170
safrangeTi 23, 45, 46, 57, 59, 70,
149, 178, 179, 183, 251, 286, 327,
337, 352, 371, 382, 383, 412, 455,
456, 468, 503, 504, 597
safrangeTis demokratiuli
respublika 337
saqara 397
saCxeris raioni 244, 245
senaki 595
serbia 327
svaneTi 9, 11, 69, 99, 120, 122, 135,
143, 179
siRnaRi 354, 595,
siRnaRis mazra 537, 553, 601
skandinavia 70
smirna 44
somxeTi 12, 13, 14, 20, 29, 30, 36,
41, 57, 58, 180, 182, 211, 212, 213,
214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220,
221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 227, 228,
271, 288, 295, 298, 304, 328, 329,
335, 404, 405, 488, 489, 520, 522,
540, 549, 551, 579, 591, 603
soWi 37, 270, 548,
soxumi 74, 75, 76, 93, 137, 171, 172,
300, 309, 310, 318, 321, 344, 360,
481, 500, 508, 522, 524, 567, 595
soxumis olqi 76, 94, 171, 300,
301, 524, 525
sparseTi 30, 50, 292, 293, 294, 552
stamboli 23, 46, 49, 50, 276, 281,
295, 329
surami 204, 205, 434, 447, 595
sufsa 93
660
t
tabaxmela 8, 68, 98, 120, 121, 131, 137
tarsi 536
trapezundi/trapezuni 30, 32
trediakovis galereia 130
tuafse 300
tfilisi 7, 8, 29, 30, 32, 33, 67, 68,
80, 83, 92, 97, 98, 119, 120, 121, 122,
123, 124, 129, 131, 133, 134, 137,139,
141, 143, 150, 153, 156, 159, 160,
162, 163, 174, 175, 177, 181, 185,
186, 190, 195, 196, 197, 201, 202,
205, 211, 214, 215, 231, 241, 242,
252, 255, 256, 269, 300, 301, 309,
310, 312, 317, 321, 343, 344, 359,
360, 387, 388, 389, 397, 400, 403,
404, 427, 428, 437, 449, 450, 479,
480, 481, 498, 499, 507, 508, 509,
510, 516, 517, 527, 529, 533, 534,
535, 536, 537, 541, 548, 550, 555,
559, 560, 565, 567, 568, 569, 581,
599, 594, 595, 602, 603
tfilisis mazra 150, 153
tyibuli 498, 499, 593, 594, 603, 604
u
ukraina 285, 289, 290, 552
ungreTi/hungreTi 27, 38, 39, 89, 504
f
fineTi/finlandia 52, 289, 290
fiume 38, 46, 53
foTi 15, 78, 106, 127, 137, 141,
143, 146, 171, 174, 176, 184, 186,
310, 318, 321, 344, 360, 383, 498,
499, 508, 514, 533, 534, 535, 557,
560, 568, 570, 571, 595
foilos xidi 536, 548, 549
frakia 44
q C
qarTli 10, 34, 35, 353 Caldiri 219, 227
qobuleTi 32, 48, 49 Coloqis wyali 10, 38
quTaisi 7, 42, 68, 75, 83, 98, 115, Crdilo amerika 126
119, 121, 127, 131, 137, 156, 160, CrdiloeT kavkasia
166, 176, 177, 192, 196, 197, 201,
CrdiloeT oseTi 550
205, 317, 318, 320, 344, 360, 378,
379, 387, 388, 397, 428, 450, 455, Cumlayi 344, 360, 387, 388, 398,
480, 499, 509, 587, 595 428, 450

quTaisis gubernia 127, 205, 344,

360, 379, 387, 388 c
cimbiri 289
R cixis-Ziri 48, 49, 59
Rufi/ teqstSi Гупи 590 cixis-jvari 131
cxinvalis raioni 299
y
yazaxi 339, 541, 566 Z
yazaxis mTa 541 Zveli ruseTi 52, 64, 105, 200,
yazbegi 75, 113 305, 452, 455
yarabaxi/yarabaRi 14, 218, 221,
222, 224, 225, 226/212, 216, 219, w
222, 225, 227, 228, 328, 422
walkis raioni 581, 582, 584, 586,
yaraiazis raioni 150, 480, 497, 589, 590
508, 537
wereTlebis tye 244
yarsis olqi 11, 35, 41, 209, 211,
wiTeli xidi 536, 549, 550, 556
216, 218, 219, 220, 224, 227, 228
wina azia 287
yorolis-Tavi 530
wnoris wyali 77
yubani 285, 303

S W
Savi zRva 38, 63, 218, 219, 220, WiaTura 8, 68, 75, 93, 99, 114, 120,
295, 337, 548 121, 134, 142, 156, 498, 499, 507,
530, 53, 535, 560, 568, 571, 595, 596,
SavSeTi 21
600
Samqoris raioni 548
Woroxi 219
Satili 483
Sveicaria 149
x
Svecia 337, 455
xaSuri 204, 595
Sorapani 357, 378, 535
xaCmazi 271
Sua azia 38

661
xevsureTi 483 h
xidis Tavi 207 haaga 213
xobi 86 hereTi 541
xomi 483 holandia 14
xoni 94, 106, 112, 595
xulo 26, 27, 48, 49, 53, 59 Грузия 590
xucubani 530 Гупи 590
xrami 556 Кодорский уезд 590
Цалка 581, 585
j
javaxeTi 141, 143, 145, 146, 175,
177, 192, 196, 220, 245
aleqsandropol-julfi 30

662
 VI tomis saZieblebisTvis gamoyenebuli wyaroebi:

1. aramianci m. // ruxaZe uSangi. romeli cnobili saavadmyofo aCuqa

Tbiliss somexma mecenatma miqael aramiancma da ris gamo afenda mis
saxlTan balaxs qalaqis mosaxleoba. Jurnali Tbiliselebi. 25.03.2013.
http://tbiliselebi.ge/index.php?newsid=268437144
2. bixovi // bonebis sabeWdav qarxnis aRmoCena. gazeTi saqarTvelo.
1918 w. 27 agvisto. gv. 2.; kriminali. 2018 wlis 12 agvisto.
http://qronikaplus.ge/?p=16539
3. gabba melkiade. biblioviki http://www.nplg.gov.ge/wikidict/index.php;
saqarTvelos nota baTomis gamo. gazeTi saqarTvelo 1920 # 62. marti
23. gv. 3 http://dspace.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/149239/1/Sakartvelo_1920_№ 62.pdf
4. goSua // soc. rev. SekiTxvis gamo. gazeTi erToba. 1920 w. # 178. 8
agvisto. gv. 3-4;
http://dspace.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/19293/1/Ertoba_1920_N178.pdf
5. enciklopedia saqarTvelo http://georgianencyclopedia.ge
6. efendievi m. // svaniZe. diplomatiuri brZola baTumisa da baTumis
olqisaTvis 1918-1921 wlebSi. qarTuli diplomatia. weliwdeuli.
# Tb. 2003. gv. 181; gaz. „samuslimano saqarTvelo“ 1920 w. 30 marti
#327; gaz. „erToba“ 1919 w. 23 Tebervali #43
7. zandukeli m. // saqarTvelos eqimebi. http://www.nplg.gov.ge/medics/ka/713/
8. loiola. gelovani a. rwmena, RmerTebi, adamianebi: religiur ter­
minTa leqsikoni, Tb. 1990
9. mayaSvili mixeil // jiyaSvili lela. pirveli iunkeri, romelic
bolSevikebs Seakvda.
https://www.kvirispalitra.ge/history/6836-pirveli-iunkeri-romelic-bolshevikebs-sheakv-
da.html 2011. 27 Tebervali
10. menabde iason // TamTa TxeliZe ,,Cemo“ _ samoqalaqo industria Wia­
TuraSi. // Jurnali „Civicus“ #10. gv. 20 http://cela.ge/ge/page/civicus-103.
11. poxvisnevi //gaz. saqarTvelo: 1916 w. 11 enkenisTve. gv. 3.
http://dspace.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/140044/1/Sakartvelo_1916_N203.pdf
12. saqarTvelos biografiuli leqsikoni http://www.nplg.gov.ge/bios/ka
13. saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublika (1918-1921) enciklope­
dia-leqsikoni. mTavari redaqtori – prof. dimitri SveliZe, gamo­
cemis mTavari redaqtori – zurab gaiparaSvili. ivane javaxiSvilis
saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis gamomcemloba. 2018.

663
14. saqarTvelos prosopografia
http://prosopography.iliauni.edu.ge/persons/article/4965
15. soRorovi // saqarTvelos respublika: 1919. 8 agvisto
http://dspace.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/28364/1/Sakartvelos_Respublika_1919_N175.pdf
16. tatiSvili // iusticiis saministroSi. Tavdasxma milicionerebze
da yaCaRebis daxocva. saqarTvelos respublika. 1919 w. 28 dekemberi.
http://dspace.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/173158/1/Saqartvelos_Respublika_1919_M295.pdf
17. universaluri enciklopediuri leqsikoni: [3 tomad] / Seadgina
aleqsandre elerdaSvilma. I-li gamoc.. _ [Tb.]: fantazia, 2006.
http://www.nplg.gov.ge/gwdict/index.php?a=term&d=14&t=37024
18. fsevdonimebis leqsikoni http://www.nplg.gov.ge/gwdict/index.php?a=index&d=2
19. qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli (qSwkg) sazogado­
ebis wevrTa saZiebeli (1879-1927 ww.) http://www.nplg.gov.ge/ilia/ka/
21. xatisovi a. // verulava T. tfilisis Tavi aleqsandre xatisovi.
https://burusi.wordpress.com/2011/01/12/aleksander-khatisov-2
22. Аннунцио, Габриэль // З. А. Венгерова. Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и
Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). - СПб., 1890-1907.
23. Большая российская энциклопедия https://bigenc.ru/
24. Исторический словарь. https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/hist_dic/10714
25. Ласаль // Электронная Еврейская Энциклопедия https://eleven.co.il/jews-in-world/
politics/12334/. КЕЭ, том: 4. Кол.: 683–684. Издано: 1988.
26. Лойола, Иниго-Лопец // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона т.
XVIIа (1896): Ледье-Лопарев, с. 914-915 : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907.
27. Поливанов // Большая россиийская энциклопедия https://bigenc.ru/military_sci-
ence/text/3152917

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