1/PNPS/1965
BAGI KEBEBASAN BERAGAMA
Kajian Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 140/PUU-VII/2009
Hwian Christianto
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Surabaya
Jl. Raya Kalirungkut Surabaya
Email: hw_christianto@ubaya.ac.id
ABSTRAK Abstract
Pemberlakuan UU No. 1/PNPS/1965 pada dasarnya The application of Law Number 1/PNPS/1965
memiliki dampak yang signifikan bagi kehidupan essentially has significant effects on the religious
beragama di Indonesia. Ketentuan hukum tersebut life for Indonesian people. The legislation has
secara eksplisit mengatur tindakan penyimpangan, explicitly determined the prohibition on religious
penodaan agama, juga melarang penyebaran deviance, blasphemy, as well as atheism.
ajaran ateisme. Dalam perkembangannya UU Furthermore, the law has been considered not in
No. 1/PNPS/1965 ini dinilai tidak sesuai dengan line with the 1945 Constitution both in formal and
Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 baik dari segi juridis material aspects. The review was initially aimed
formil maupun materiil. Permohonan pengujian to clarify the constitutional interpretation of Law
undang-undang pun diajukan untuk memperjelas No. 1/PNPS/1963 as it hampered the interfaith
konstitusionalitas UU No. 1/PNPS/1965 yang justru tolerance. The main issue arising from this topic
dinilai menghambat toleransi kehidupan beragama. is the correlation between religion and state in the
Isu hukum yang menarik adalah tentang hubungan context of Pancasila (the five basic principles) and
negara dan agama di dalam konteks Pancasila dan the 1945 Constitution, especially on Article 28E
Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 terutama Pasal 28E paragraph (1) and (2), Article 28I paragraph (1),
ayat (1) dan (2), Pasal 28I ayat (1) dan Pasal 29 and Article 29 paragraph (2). In addition, Law
ayat (2). Di sisi lain, UU No. 1/PNPS/1965 juga Number 1/PNPS/1965 has also created three kinds
memberikan tiga bentuk kejahatan yang sangat of crime as predisposing factors for criminal law.
berpengaruh bagi hukum pidana. Keywords: freedom of religion, human rights.
Kata kunci: kebebasan beragama, hak asasi
manusia.