Tumbuh Kembang Anak Usia Toddeler
Tumbuh Kembang Anak Usia Toddeler
4
RLNHDF\C\DN
_LGK_IDPM OM_KE_DPM
JDOD_
@K_RK_DXL
\NMWL_PMX]
ILNADRD @K_R\
tmhde olrhdipde
cldrnmna , odfedndpd? hdn tmhde ilnmioucedn
the tlrmipclilntdsmedn fdomt
sl`drd odme).
RL_DX\_DN RLIL_MNXDF _LR\OCME MNHKNLPMD NK 41 XDF\N ?K?K
XLNXDNA RL_\ODFDN DXDP RL_DX\_DN RLIL_MNXDF NK 44 XDF\N ?KM1
Xrdnsgkridsm pliolcdjdrdn (Cldrnmna), fdrus
Xrdnsgkridsm
XLNXDNA IDNDJLILN RLADQDM NLAL_M PMRMC hmsdrdndedn sl`drd smstlidtms, ilcmodtedn sliud pmfde,
RDPDC ?20 : olrelsmndiounadn,
olrelsmndiounad n, hdn ilnjdimn dhdnyd
dhdnyd plnmnaedtdn
0) Pltmdp RNP il
ilimcme
imcmemm fde hdn el
elslipd
slipdtdn
tdn ydna
ydna sdi
sdid
d unt
untue
ue ekipltlnsm hdcdi ilnunjdna plrgkridnsm kradnmsdsm
hmmeutslrtdedn hdcdi plnaliodnadn ekipltlnsm slodadmidnd (@K_R\.
hmidesuh pdhd dydt (4), hlnadn iliplrfdtmedn fdsmc plnmcdmdn emnlrjd
hdn plnmcdmdn ekipltlnsm RNP ydna olrsdnaeutdn.
8) Rlnaliodna
Rlnaliodnadn dn ekip
ekipltlnsm
ltlnsm odam s
sltmdp
ltmdp R
RNP
NP slo
slodadm
dadmidnd
idnd h
hmides
midesuh
uh
pdhd dydt (0) hmcdeuedn pdcmna slhmemt ?2 (hud pucuf) jdi plcdjdrdn hdcdi RLIODNA\NDN PHI E E\N@M
\N@M
4 (sdtu) tdfun. ELIDJ\DN MNHKNLPMD
MNHKNLPMD ELEL HLRDN
HLRDN
(8d) Rlnaliodnadn ekipltlnsm slodadmidnd hmidesuh pdhd dydt (0)
(Rrlsmhln Jkek Qmhkhk)
hmcdesdndedn ilcdcum plnhledtdn smstli pliolcdjdrdn tlrmntlardsm
(`krpkrdtl unmvlrsmty).
hlsmanlh oy tmnyRRX.`ki
HLIDNH
Jdodr J\D_D
OM_KE_DPM
J\D_D DPN J\D_D
_lnhdfnyd ekipltlnsm
ekipltlnsm tmnaedt Rlnhmhmedn : 02 % P4
EL ODQDF
P\RRC] Plhmemtnyd Juicdf splsmdcms tlenms : E\_DNA
HD_M 42 %
Xmhde ilrdtdnyd hmstrmousm eldfcmdn : DHIMNMPX_DPM
DHIMNMPX_DPM \I\I
COF HKIMNDN
IK\
CLD_NMNA PX_DXLAM@
AKWL_NDN@L 02
0
`
Hls
d
Nkv
44 Rlnltdpdn Rlrauo Rlcdesdnddn Jdodr @krp\
Plp
Rlndnhdtdnadndn Ik\ tlntdna Xlcdf hmtltdpednnyd Rlrdturdn
Rlnaliodnadn
Rlnaliodnad n Ekipltlnsm DPN Auolrnur Jdwd Odrdt tlntdna
p Rdhd tdfdpdn mnm Jdwd Odrdt tlcdf Rlrdturdn Rlcdesdnddn Jdwd Odrdt
Rliolntuedn Xmi Rlcdesdnddn @krp\ @krpkrdtl \nmvlrsmty Nkikr 427
hmJdhmedn Rmckt Rrkjl`t Rlnlrdpdn
pdhd ORPHI Jdodr Xdfun ?2?2.
@krpkrdtl \nmvlrsmty hm cmnaeunadn
k
n
0
XMNHDE CDNJ\X
NKXD ELPLRDFDIDN @K_R\
# 0
Enkwclhal Idndalilnt
Enkwclhal-enkwclhal ydna tlcdf hmeuipucedn untue hmjdhmedn pliolcdjdrdn
8
Cldrnmna Mngrdstru`turl
# Pdrdnd hdn prdsdrdnd untue cldrnmna
–@K_R\ iliolrmedn nmcdm
tdiodf hdrm dsple
plnaltdfudn, plnadcdidn, Cldrnmna Pkcukn Hlcmvlry systli
hdn eldfcmdn slrtd
# < Rliolcdjdrdn
Rliolcdjdrdn hdpdt hmsdcuredn el edrydwdn, ecdsmedc, nkn ecdsmedc, `kd`fmna, idadna
elodnaaddn ydna ilnjdhm
plidne dpm lnadalilnt el
# 7
naedt ydna clomf olsdr’ Cldrnmna Pkcukn Dr`fmtl`turl
Hlsdmn hdn plnaliodnadn eurmeucui hdn ikhuc pliolcdjdrdn ydna slsudm
Cldrnmna systli
# 1
1 Ilrupdedn ilsmn `krpu, ilcdcum edidr? slsudm eloutufdn slplr ekipltlnsm tlenms, `rkss ekipltlnsm, ouhdyd
kradnmsdsm, elplimipmndn, dsslsilnt `lntlr, kradnmzdkn rlsldr`f `lntrl, `ustkilr hlvlckpilnt, pdrtnlrsfmp `lntrl
CLD_NMNA D_@FMXL@X\_L
CLD_NMNA PX_DXLAM@ AKWL_NDN@L
@K_RK_DXL
RLIODFDPDN\NMWL_PMX]
X\_\NDN RL_A\O NK 427 XDF\N HDN RDP@D RLIOLCDJD_DN
?2?2
EKHL LXME @K_R\
CLD_NMNA P]PXLI
CDIODNA HDN O_LNHMNA @K_R\
@KII\NMX] KG R_D@XM@LP (@KR) RD_D
QMH]DMPQD_D
_\IDF DPN
CLD_NMNA GK@\P
CPR RHN (CLIODAD PL_XMGMEDPM
MNGKA_D
MNGK RFM@
A_DRFM@
HMPE\PM HLNADN RD_D RDED_ EI
LH\@D
LH\@DXMKN
XMKN
RLN]MDRDN _LRKPMXK_] HDN ENKQCLHAL @LNXL_
CLD_NMNA MNG_DPX_\@X\_L hlsmanlh oy
MNXLA_DC XL@FNKCKA]
RLNDXDDN PD_DND HDN R_DPD_DND tmnyppt.`ki
EKIMPD_MP HM_LEPM
HR_H @LK A\OL_N\_
K_A @K_R\ PLEHD
AI
@@J
ED
ORPHI
R_KA_DI J\D_D IMPM 4 R_KA_DI J\D_D IMPM ? R_KA_DI J\D_D IMPM 0 R_KA_DI J\D_D IMPM 8 R_KA_DI J\D_D IMPM <
RLPDNX_LN J\D_D ELPLFDXDN A\_\ J\D_D RDNPLCD CMNAE\NADN NLCD]DN
NLCD] MNH\PX_M OM_KE_DPM J\D_D
IDPJMH J\D_D J\D_D PLEKCDF J\D_D J\D_D J\D_D J\D_D J\D_D DPN J\D_D
RL_LIR\DN IMCLNMDC J\D_D RDNX\_D
\CDID J\D_D EKXD J\D_D CKAMPXME RDPD_ J\D_D DROH J\D_D
J\D_D RL_A\_\DN J\D_D
O\HD]D J\D_D XMNAAM J\D_D LNL_AM J\D_D J\D_D RLXDNM J\D_D
X_DNPRK_XDPM HLPD J\D_D RD_MQMPDXD \IEI J\D_D
KCDF_DAD PIE J\D_D
J\D_D XDNAADR J\D_D J\D_D QM_D\PDFD
MO\ & DNDE OLN@DND ELCKCD LE_DG J\D_D J\D_D
J\D_D J\D_D PDIRDF
O\_\F J\D_D O\IH J\D_D
EKCL@L_/ J\D_D
@DNHMC
ILNAMHLNXMGMEDPM ELO\X\FDN
CLD_NMNA GK@\P - Rlnyusundn idtlrm hdn tlide - Ilcdnjutedn plnyusundn tlide - Lvdcudsm `dpdmdn - Rlnaliodnadn - Lvdcudsm Cldrnmna
cldrnmna olrhdsdredn prkardi cldrnmna slsudm eloutufdn jdnaed mnhm`dtkr cldrnmna Gk`us Gk`us hdn Mntlardsm
prmkrmtds Jdwd Odrdt plnhle hdn Rdnjdna - Mntlardsm Rlcdfdn Rlnylclnaadrddn
- Rliodfdsdn Xlide
Xlide cldrnmna - Rlnlrdpdn cldrnmna gk`us pdhd Idndjlrmdc (RER hdn RED) Hmecdt pdhd @krpu
hmslsudmedn `drllr rkdhidp hmecdt/nkn hmecdt/mnhmvmhu untue pdhd @krpu
(tdclnt Idndalilnt, hcc) tdclnt idndalilnt - Xlrmntlardsmnyd Hmecdt /
- Rlnyusundn hdn plcdesdnddn gk`us Nkn Hmecdt / Mnhmvmhu
cldrnmna untue ilnhueuna untue imsm tdclnt
dalnhd? strdtlams Jdodr idndalilnt
- Rrksls Rlnlrdpdn Cldrnmna Gk`us
pdhd Hmecdt Idndjlrmdc, Hmecdt
Xlenms \iui hdn Puosdng slrtd
Hmecdt Pksmk Eucturdc untue
pln`dpdmdn vmsm imsm Jdodr Judrd
ENKQCLHAL - Hmseusm hlnadn pdrd pdedr EI - Rlioudtdn Rlhkidn Enkwclhal - Mntlardsm hlnadn EI - @kR cmnaeup DPLDN - Rlrcudsdn
IDNDALILNX - Rlnymdpdn rlpksmtkry hdn Idndalilnt Ndsmkndc - Rlnamsmdn ekntln @deupdn
Enkwclhal @lntlr - Rliolntuedn hdn plcdesdnddn - Rlrcudsdn @kR cmnaeup olrodsms `rkwh Enkwclhal @lntlr
@kiiunmty kg Rrd``ls (@kR) ndsmkndc skur`mna Ndsmkndc
- GAH Enkwclhal Idndaliln untue - Rlnamntlardsmdn - Rlnamntlardsmdn
Ptrueturdc hdn Rlnadjdr
Rlnadjdr prkardi @kR hdcdi prkardi @kR
- Mhlnedsm Dsslt Rlnaltdfudn kradnmsdsm hdcdi kradnmsdsm
- Rliolntuedn Enkwclhal @lntrl
- Rlnhkeuilntdsmdn Xd`mt Enkwclhal
- Mntlardsm EI pdhd –Mntlardc’
CLD_NMNA P]PXLI - Rlcdesdnddn ilntkrmna JRX - Rlnyusundn Rlhkidn _& H - Mntlardsm Cldrnmna systli Rlnaliodnadn prkardi - Elrjdsdid
(_uidf DPN) - _mnsdn Plekcdf Edhlr hdcdi idndjliln cldrnmna systli untue mntlrndsmkndc
- Rlrsmdpdn pliolntuedn - Rlnaudtdn Rlnjdimndn Iutu elpladwdmdn
elpladw dmdn hdn nhde plrcudsdn plrdn cldrnmna - Rlnaliodnadn
Cldrnmna Pystli - Kpidcmsdsm plidngddtdn cdnjut Lvdcudsm Hdipde systli jljdrmna elrjd
ekipknln Cldrnmna Pystli pliolcdjdrdn cldrnmna systli
(_uidf DPN, CPR
CPR,, @kiidnh - Rlioudtdn systli
@lntrl, Pidrt @cdss, hcc) @kd`fmna/Ilntkrmna
8
XMI RLNJDIMNDN I\X\ ?2?4
2?
.
• ILIMIRMN, • ILNH\E\NA ELCDN@D_DN ILNADQDC HDN
ILNMCDM PL_XD
ILNAD_DFEDN, X\ADP? ERI LWDC\DPM IDNDJLILN
ILNAEKK_HMNDPME • ILCDE\EDN EKK_HMNDPM HA RLN]LCLNAAD_DDN
ELAMDXDN ORPHI
DN X\ADP, G\NAPM RLN]LCLNAAD_D (T@) HDN
ERI HDCDI RMFDE CDMN XL_EDMX ILNADQDC HDN
ILNMCDM PL_XD
ILNJDIMN I\X\ • ME\X ILNMCDM RLCDEPDNDDN LWDC\DPM HDCDI
RLCD]DNDN ORPHI ELAMDXDN? ORPHI CMNAE\R CLD_NMNA
? 8
4 0
ILNMCDM
ILNADQDC ILIRL_XDFDNEDN ILNMCDM HDN
RLCDEPDNDDN @K_R\
RL_LN@DNDDN, HDN (XMHDE PLELHD_ _L- ILNADNDCMPMP
RLCDEPDNDDN HDN ILNMNAEDXEDN O_DNH, XDRM RLNHLEDXDN OD_\
LWDC\DPM I\X\ PL_XMGMEDPM RL_\ODFDN HDCDI R_KPLP
HDN DELHMXDPM ILNHDPD_ HDCDI CLD_NMNA
CLD_NMNA ILCDC\M 1
RKNHDPM @K_R\)
<
ORPHI JDOD_
PLODADM @LNXL_ KG @K_R\
DHDRXDPM
DHDRXDPM ELOMDPDDN OD_\ (DEO) HDCDI RLNHMHMEDN HDN RLCDXMFDN
RLCDXMFDN
?2?4-?2?0
- @CDPM@DC
- L CLD_NMNA
?246-?2?2 - OCLNHLH
- HMECDX-NKN HMECDX-
MNHMWMH\DC
ILXKHL @CDPM@DC - IDADNA, R RLA DQD
DQDM M
ILXKHL
IDNDJLILN MIRCLILNXDPM @K_RK_DXL
IDNDJLILN PD_DND R_DPD_DND \NMWL_PMX]
EKNWLNPMKNDC
HKIMNDPM
PD_DND RLNMNAEDXDN EKNLEPM
R_DPD_DND GMPME HDN DRCMEDPM \NX\E
RLIOLCDJD_DN
RL_LN@DNDDN
LWDC\DPM
JDOD_ @K_RK_DXL
\NMWL_PMX]
Cldrnmna Ptrdtlam` Akvlrndn`l
Enkwclhal Idndalilnt (E@)
PMDR
_LRKPMXK_]
JDOD_ Cl
d
rn
Rliltddn
nm
Ekipltlnsm a
Cldrnmna Gk`us Mn
gr
d
str
Wmsm Imsm u
Jdodr Judrd `r
l
Xldi Cldrnmna, Hledn & Edjur ( Cldrnmna Dr`fmtl`turl) Cldrnmna Hlcmvlry Pystli
CLD_NMNA WDC\L@FDMN (C
(CW@)
W@)@K_R\ ,hdcdi plspleg mntlrndc dhdcdf untue ilnamipclilntdsm
ilntdsmedn prksls cldrnmna ydna tlrstruetur.
• Ilnamhlnedsm
Ilnamhlnedsm eloutufdn pliolcdjdrdn (cldrnmna nllh hmdanksms)
• Ilnhlsdmn hdn ilnaliodnaedn prkardi pliolcdjdrdn ya slsudm eloutufdn
• Ilnhlsmimndsm pliolcdjdrdn elpdhd ydna ilioutufedn
• Ilnaueur hdipde pliolcdjdrdn, dpdedf slsudm hlnadn ya hmfdrdpedn
0
@lrdidf
8_ktdkndc dssmanilnt <
@kiiunmty kg prd``ls
A
N
M
N Hmseusm Idadna
_
D
L
C _kcl pcdy @kd`fmna dnh ilntkrmna
L
N
M
C
G
G
K
A
?
Mntlrd`vl l-cldrnmna 4l-Okke, KJP 7Qmems
N
M
N Wmrtudc `cdssrkki Rkh`dst Ockas
_
D
L
C MNXLA_DXLH CLD_NMNA IDNDALILNX
Xlcl`knglrln`l IKK@ (Idssmvl Kpln P]PXLI-MNXLA_DC
Kncmnl @kursl) XL@F
Ilhmd sksmdc
L
N Qlomndr _dhmk Mntlrnlt
M
C
N
K MNG_DPX_\EX\_ OLCDJD_ HDN DRCMEDPM OLCDJD_
MNXLA_DC DRCMEDPM
ILNALCKCD, ILIGDPMCMXDPM HDN ILNL_DREDN
DRCMEDPM-DRCMEDPM \XE ILNH\E\NA R_KPLP
CLD_NMNA PL@D_D I\HDF, CDN@D_ HDN
XL_PDIRDMEDN HA ODME
MNXLA_DC R\OCMEDPM
ILNALCKCD PL_XD ILIR\OCMEDPMEDN MNGKIDPM XL_EDMX ELAMDXDN ORPHI
PL_XD MNGKIDPM CDMNN]D ]DNA OL_F\O\NADN HLNADN RLNALIODNADN
P\IOL_ HD]D IDN\PMD PEDCD NDPMKNDC HDN MNXL_NDPMKNDC
O\PMNLPP R_K@LPP
Dprkvdc
Kclf Dhimn
DPN
Rlnaliodnadn
Ekipltlnsm
DPN ilcdeuedn
Rliolcdjdrdn
idnhmrm
Ilnhdpdtedn
PXXRC / L -
Plredt
L-Plredt
OEH
Ilnadjuedn
Plredsm Ekipltlnsm
Ilcdeuedn
Rliolcdjdrdn idnhmrm
Eknsuctdsm
Rliolcdjdrdn
Rlnadjudn \jm
Ekipltlnsm Eliodcm
7 RLN\X\R
Xfdne
]ku