1. Definisi
a. SUBJECT
Subject adalah tentang apa atau siapa yang dibicarakan dalam suatu kalimat atau
klausa. Adapun subjek dapat berupa orang, hewan, benda, maupun konsep abstrak.
Setiap complete subject pada dasarnya dibangun oleh satu atau
lebih noun atau pronoun dengan/tanpa tambahan modifier(s) yang dapat berupa
article (the, an, an), adjective, dan prepositional phrase.
Adapun gerund dan infinitive dapat pula menempati posisi subjek.
Contoh:
- His new car tax has already been paid by his assistant.
- Lia and I were eating our lunch on the kitchen table.
- The very big boarding school in this country was built in 1980.
Simple Simple
Contoh Kalimat Keterangan
Subject Predicate
His Uncle Cal will not arrive on Uncle Cal will arrive his = possessive;
time. not = adverb;
(Paman Cal akan tidak akan tiba
tepat waktu.) on time= prepositional phrase
there = adverb;
There was a hounted house.
house was haunted = participle;
(Disana ada rumah berhantu.)
a = article
b. VERB
Verb (kata kerja) adalah suatu kata yang berfungsi untuk menunjukkan tindakan
dari subject, menunjukkan peristiwa atau keadaan. Verb merupakan satu dari delapan
part of speech.
Kata kerja bahasa Inggris tidak selalu berbentuk simple (satu kata), melainkan
mungkin berupa frasa hasil kombinasi dengan particle menjadi phrasal verb (get
in, make up, read over).
Contoh:
Transitive dan
He sent me a postcard.
Intransitive Verb (Dia mengirimi saya kartu pos.) transitive
Contoh:
She is young and beautiful.
Linking Verb
(Dia muda dan cantik.)
d. MODIFIER
- Modifier menjelaskan time (waktu), place (tempat), atau manner (cara) dari
sebuah aksi atau perbuatan
- Bentuk yang paling umum dari modifier adalah prepositional phrase (kelompok
kata yang dimulai dengan sebuah preposition dan diakhiri dengan sebuah noun
Preposition = on, out, under, behind, etc…
- Modifier menjawab pertanyaan when (kapan), where (dimana), atau how
(bagaimana)
Contoh:
- John bought a book at a book fair
Where did John buy a book? –> at a book fair
- She is driving very fast
How is she driving? –> very fast
- I posted my application yesterday
When do I post my application? –> yesterday
Contoh lainnya:
1. Sebagai adjective
She found a chocolate put on my bag ‘Put on my bag’ (participial phrase)
berfungsi sebagai adjective yang menerangkan ‘chocholate’ (noun).
The magazine that Rena has read is very interesting ‘that Rena has read’
(adjective clause) berfungsi untuk menerangkan ‘the book’ (noun).
2. Sebagai adverb
He plays violin so beautifully
S V C M
Soal Latihan Pilihan Ganda :
1. She is driving very fast. Where in the sentence which is the subject?
A. She
B. Is
C. Driving
D. Very fast
2. John bought a book at a book fair. Where in the sentence which is the verb?
A. John
B. Bought
C. A book
D. A book fair
3. She opened the window every morning. Where in the sentence which is the complement?
A. She
B. Opened
C. The window
D. Every Morning
4. Sarijon bought a cake yesterday. Where in the sentence which is the modifier?
A. Sarijon
B. Bought
C. A cake
D. Yesterday
A. I
B. Young
C. They
D. We
A. Study
B. Learn
C. Now
D. Sleep
A. Tomorrow
B. Book
C. Cake
D. Article
A. Tomorrow
B. Yesterday
C. Today
D. He, She, It
A. Subject
B. Verb
C. Complement
D. Modifier
10. The action of a sentence is ….
A. Subject
B. Verb
C. Complement
D. Modifier