MATERI SINGKAT

Simple Present Tense

Simple present tense adalah jenis tenses yang digunakan untuk menunjukan sebuah
kebiasaan, rutinitas atau fakta umum.
Saat kita ingin menceritakan sebuah peristiwa yang merujuk pada masa saat ini,
atau sebuah peristiwa yang berlaku di semua tempat di dunia, maka kita harus
menggunakan simple present tense.

1. Pola kalimat

Berikut pola kalimat yang digunakan untuk menyusun kalimat simple present
tense.

a. Verbal Simple Present (Simple Present yang menggunakan kata kerja)

Berikut kalimat verbal untuk bentuk positif, negatif, interrogative.

Kalimat verbal positif

(+) Subject + Verb 1 + -s/-es + Object

Kata kerja ditambahkan -s/-es hanya untuk kata kerja orang ketiga tunggal
seperti: He, She, It, (nama orang) Joko, Rina, dsb.
Contoh:

I speak English.
(Aku berbicara Bahasa Inggris)

She speaks English.

(Dia perempuan berbicara Bahasa Inggris)

Kalimat verbal negatif

(-) Subject + DON'T / DOESN'T + Verb 1 + Object

Gunakan don't untuk subject orang pertama seperti I, We atau orang kedua
seperti You, dan orang ketiga jamak (lebih dari satu) seperti They, Nami and
Lisa, dsb.

Gunakan doesn't untuk subject orang ketiga tunggal seperti He, She, It, (nama
orang) Joko, Rina, dsb.

Contoh:

I don't speak English.

(Aku tidak berbicara Bahasa Inggris)

She doesn't speak English.

(Dia tidak berbicara Bahasa Inggris)

Kalimat verbal interrogative (kalimat tanya)

(?) DO / DOES + Subject + Verb 1 + Object?

Gunakan do untuk subject orang pertama seperti I, We atau orang kedua

seperti You, dan orang ketiga jamak (lebih dari satu) seperti They, Nami and
Lisa, dsb.

Gunakan does untuk subject orang ketiga tunggal seperti He, She, It, (nama
orang) Joko, Rina, dsb.

Kalimat tanya yang menggunakan do / does di awal merupakan kalimat tanya

bentuk Yes / No questions.

Contoh:

Do you speak English?

(Apakah kamu berbicara Bahasa Inggris?)

Does she speak English?

(Apakah dia perempuan berbicara Bahasa Inggris?)
Kalimat tanya verbal menggunakan WH questions

(?) Question Word + DO/ DOES + Subject + Verb 1 + Object?

Gunakan do untuk subject orang pertama seperti I, We atau orang kedua

seperti You, dan orang ketiga jamak (lebih dari satu) seperti They, Nami and
Lisa, dsb.

Gunakan does untuk subject orang ketiga tunggal seperti He, She, It, (nama
orang) Joko, Rina, dsb.

Contoh:

Why do you speak English everyday?

(Kenapa kamu berbicara Bahasa Inggris setiap hari?)

Where does mom go?

(Kemana ibu pergi)

When does dad come home?

(Kapan ayah pulang?)

What do they do every afternoon in the backyard?

(Apa yang mereka lakukan setiap sore di halaman belakang?)

How do you finish your job?

(Bagaimana kamu menyelesaikan pekerjaannmu?)

What do you want?

(Apa yang kamu inginkan?)

b. Nominal Simple Present (Simple Present yang tidak mempunyai kata

kerja)

Berikut kalimat nominal untuk bentuk positif, negatif, interrogative.

Kalimat nominal positif

(+) Subject + To be + Non Verb / Object

Gunakan to be: am untuk subject I,

is untuk subject tunggal atau orang ketiga tunggal seperti he, she atau nama
orang satu,
are untuk subject jamak atau orang kedua seperti you, we, they atau nama orang
lebih dari satu.

Object yang ditempatkan pada kalimat nominal adalah kata benda (noun), kata
sifat (adjective) atau kata keterangan (adverb).

Contoh:

You are a teacher.

(Kamu adalah seorang guru)

She is a teacher.
(Dia perempuan adalah seorang guru)

Joko is happy.
(Joko merasa senang)

Kalimat nominal negatif

(-) Subject + To be + NOT + Non Verb / Object

Contoh:

You are not a teacher.

(Kamu bukan seorang guru)

She is not a teacher.

(Dia perempuan bukan seorang guru)

Joko is not happy.

(Joko tidak merasa senang)

Tempatkan kata NOT setelah to be untuk kalimat nominal negatif.

gunakan to be: am untuk subject I,
is untuk subject tunggal atau orang ketiga tunggal seperti he, she atau nama
orang satu,
are untuk subject jamak atau orang kedua seperti you, we, they atau nama orang
lebih dari satu.

Object yang ditempatkan pada kalimat nominal adalah kata benda (noun), kata
sifat (adjective) atau kata keterangan (adverb).

Kalimat nominal interrogative (kalimat tanya)

(?) To be + Subject + Non Verb / Object?

Contoh:

Are you a teacher?

(Apakah kamu seorang guru?)

Is she a teacher?
(Apakah dia perempuan seorang guru?)

Is Joko happy?
(Apakah Joko merasa senang?)

Kalimat tanya nominal menggunakan WH questions

(?) Question Word + To be + Subject + Non Verb / Object?

Contoh:

Who are you?

(Siapa kamu?)

Where is your sister?

(Dimana adik perempuanmu?)

When is the English test?

(Kapan ujian Bahasa Inggris?)
2. Penggunaan

a. Sesuatu yang dilakukan berulang-ulang

Contoh:

I play football.
(Aku bermain sepak bola)

b. Fakta atau sesuatu yang umum

Contoh:

Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia..

(Jakarta adalah ibu kota Indonesia)

c. Kegiatan yang sudah direncanakan

Contoh:

The plane arrives tonight at 9 P.M..

(Pesawat tiba malam ini jam 9)

d. Sesuatu yang terjadi sekarang

Contoh:

I am a Junior High School student.

(Aku adalah murid SMP)

3. Kata keterangan waktu untuk Simple Present Tense:

Every hour, every minute, every morning, everyday, in the morning, once a week,
on Sunday, at five o’clock and so on.

D. LATIHAN SOAL

Mari kita tuntaskan pembahasan materi simple present tense dengan mengerjakan
latihan soal berikut.
Kunci jawaban ada di bagian akhir artikel jika ada yang memerlukan untuk cross
check jawaban.

Part I

Change into negative and interrogative form!

1. (+) I read a mystery novel today.

(- )
(?)

2. (+) A bus to Bogor leaves at 9 o’clock today.

(-)
(?)

3. (+) My family exercises together every Sunday.

(-)
(?)

4. (+) The phone rings several times.

(-)
(?)

5. (+) My sister and I go to the mountain this holiday.

(-)
(?)

6. (+) My grandfather plants some vegetables in his garden.

(-)
(?)

7. (+) My husband likes coffee for breakfast.

(-)
(?)

8. (+) I know this area very well.

(-)
(?)

9. (+) We watch a play at the theater.

(-)
(?)

10. (+) Gary works ten hours a day.

(-)
(?)

Part II

Write the correct form of the auxiliary verb "To be" in present tense.

Example: I (be) am happy.

11. I (be) tired.

12. I (be) late!

13. He (be) cool.

14. She (be) pretty.

15. It (be) fast.

16. You (be) nice.

17. They (be) funny.

18. Tiffany and Uma (be) my friends.

19. Salwa (be) kind.

20. The test (be) hard.

Part III

Underline the correct words in the brackets.

21. Della (love, loves) candy.

22. The girls (dance, dances) well.

23. The teacher (teach, teaches) us grammar.

24. The baby (cry, cries).

25. The shop (open, opens) at 9 o’clock.

26. They (grow, grows) fruit plants.

27. We (enjoy, enjoys) playing games.

28. Banu (write, writes) short stories online.

29. Birds (fly, flies) in the sky.

30. The cow (eat, eats) grass.

Part IV

Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the verbs in brackets!
My name [31] .........(be) Diana and this [32] .......(be) my family.

My mother’s name [33] .......(be) Mae. She [34] .......(be) a housewife and
she [35] .......(be) 50 years old. She [36] ..........(get up) at 4 o’clock every morning.
She [37] ............(clean) our house regularly. She [38] ...........(cook) well.
She [39] .............(like) watching news on TV, but she [40] .............(not like) soap
opera. She usually [41] ............(meet) her friends at home and she [42] ..............
(make) delicious cakes. She [43] .......(be) the best mom.

My father’s name [44] .......(be) Budi. He [45] .......(be) 55 years old and
he [46] .......(be) thin. He [47] ..........(work) at school. My father [48] .............(like)
watching football matches on TV. He always [49] ............(take) a shower at 6:00
and [50] ...........(leave) home at 6:30.He [51] ...........(ride) the motorcycle
and [52] ...........(arrive) at school at 7 o’clock. He really [53] .........(like) his job
even though he [54] .........(not earn) much. He [55] ..........(come back) home at 3
o’clock in the afternoon and plays with me.

Answer key

Kunci jawaban soal latihan simple present tense

Part I

1. (-) I don't read a mystery novel today.

(?) do *you read a mystery novel today?

2. (-) A bus to Bogor doesn't leave at 9 o’clock today.

(?) does a bus to Bogor leave at 9 o’clock today?

3. (-) My family doesn't exercise together every Sunday.

(?) does your* family exercise together every Sunday?

4. (-) The phone doesn't ring several times.

(?) does the phone ring several times?

5. (-) My sister and I don't go to the mountain this holiday.

(?) do your* sister and you* go to the mountain this holiday?
6. (-) My grandfather does't plant some vegetables in his garden.
(?) does your* grandfather plant some vegetables in his garden?

7. (-) My husband doesn't like coffee for breakfast.

(?) does your* husband like coffee for breakfast?

8. (-) I don't know this area very well.

(?) do you* know this area very well?

9. (-) We don't watch a play at the theater.

(?) do we watch a play at the theater?

10. (-) Gary doesn't work ten hours a day.

(?) does Gary work ten hours a day?

*mengubah subject I, my menjadi you, your saat membuat kalimat interrogative

lebih disarankan supaya tidak bermakna menayakan sebuah tindakan yang
dilakukan sendiri kepada diri sendiri.

Part II

11. am
12. am
13. is
14. is
15. is

16. are
17. are
18. are
19. is
20. is

Part III

21. loves
22. dance
23. teaches
24. cries
25. opens

26. grow
27. enjoy
28. writes
29. fly
30. eats

Part IV

31. is
32. is
33. is
34. is
35. is

36. gets up
37. cleans
38. cooks
39. likes
40. doesn't like

41. meets
42. makes
43. is
44. is
45. is

46. is
47. works
48. likes
49. takes
50. leaves

51. rides
52. arrives
53. likes
54. doesn't earn
55. comes