KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL

UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA

FAKULTAS TEKNIK
JURUSAN TEKNIK GEOLOGI
LABORATORIUM GEOFISIKA EKSPLORASI

PAPER PRAKTIKUM GEOFISIKA EKSPLORASI

ACARA : GEOLISTRIK 2

Disusun Oleh:
ZAINAL IMRON HIDAYAT
09/281108/TK/34796/PB

Asisten Acara:
TRIYANDA PRASETYA
DANANG ROSYID
ABDUL AZIZ PERMANA
ISMAIL ZULMI

YOGYAKARTA
2010
 Maksud dan Tujuan
Maksud : Mengetahui pengertian dan kegunaan metode geolistrik
Mengetahui alat – alat geolistrik dan cara kerjanya
Menetahui prinsip kerja, cara pengukuran, dan pengolahan data metode
geolistrik Schlumberger dan Wenner
Tujuan : Menduga keadaan bawah permukaan serta jenis batuan berdasarkan pengukuran
sifat – sifat kelistrikan batuan

Tabel Schlumberger

No a b R K Ρ
(Tahanan (Faktor (Tahanan Jenis
Jenis) Geometri) Semu)

1 1 0,2 2,161 7,540 16,29394

2 1,5 0,3 1,278 11,310 14,45418

3 2 0,3 0,631 20,473 12,918463

4 2,5 0,3 0,346 32,254 11,159884

5 3 0,3 0,225 46,653 10,496925

6 4 0,3 0,099 83,305 8,247195

7 5 0,3 0,062 130,428 8,086536

8 6 0,3 0,038 188,024 7,144912

9 6 1,2 0,204 45,239 1,085736

10 7 1,2 0,091 62,256 5,665296

11 8 1,2 0,065 81,891 5,322915

12 9 1,2 0,045 104,144 4,68648

13 10 1,2 0,034 129,015 4,38651

14 12 1,2 0,021 186,611 3,918831

15 15 1,2 0,012 292,639 3,511668

16 15 3 0,039 113,097 4,410783

17 20 3 0,022 204,727 4,503994

18 25 3 0,014 322,537 4,515518

19 30 3 0,009 466,527 4,198743

20 40 3 0,005 833,046 4,16523

21 50 3 0,003 1304,285 3,912855

22 60 3 0,002 1880,243 3,760486

Contoh Perhitungan
Data nomor 1
AB/2 = b
MN/2 = 1/2a maka untuk mencari a, gunakan rumus a = 2 x ½ a

R=V/I
R = 217 / 0.99 = 219.19 Ω
K = π (b2/a – a/4) ρ=KxR
K = 3.14 (12/1 – ¼) ρ = 2.36 x 219.19
K = 3.14 (1 - 0.25) = 3.14 (0.75) ρ = 516.20 Ωm
K = 2.36 m

Data nomor 15
R=V/I
R = 0.25 / 0.99 = 0.25 Ω

K = π (b2/a – a/4) ρ=KxR

K = 3.14 ( 402 / 5 – 5 / 4 ) ρ = 1000.88 x 0.25
K = 3.14 (1600 - 1.25) = 3.14 (1598.75) ρ = 252.75 Ωm
K = 1000.88 m

Data nomor 15
R=V/I
R = 0.25 / 0.99 = 0.25 Ω

K = π (b2/a – a/4) ρ=KxR

K = 3.14 ( 402 / 5 – 5 / 4 ) ρ = 1000.88 x 0.25
K = 3.14 (1600 - 1.25) = 3.14 (1598.75) ρ = 252.75 Ωm
K = 1000.88 m

Data nomor 15
R=V/I
R = 0.25 / 0.99 = 0.25 Ω

K = π (b2/a – a/4) ρ=KxR

K = 3.14 ( 402 / 5 – 5 / 4 ) ρ = 1000.88 x 0.25
K = 3.14 (1600 - 1.25) = 3.14 (1598.75) ρ = 252.75 Ωm
K = 1000.88 m

Data nomor 15
R=V/I
R = 0.25 / 0.99 = 0.25 Ω

K = π (b2/a – a/4) ρ=KxR

K = 3.14 ( 402 / 5 – 5 / 4 ) ρ = 1000.88 x 0.25
K = 3.14 (1600 - 1.25) = 3.14 (1598.75) ρ = 252.75 Ωm
K = 1000.88 m

Data nomor 15
R=V/I
R = 0.25 / 0.99 = 0.25 Ω

K = π (b2/a – a/4) ρ=KxR

K = 3.14 ( 402 / 5 – 5 / 4 ) ρ = 1000.88 x 0.25
K = 3.14 (1600 - 1.25) = 3.14 (1598.75) ρ = 252.75 Ωm
K = 1000.88 m

Data nomor 15
R=V/I
R = 0.25 / 0.99 = 0.25 Ω

K = π (b2/a – a/4) ρ=KxR

K = 3.14 ( 402 / 5 – 5 / 4 ) ρ = 1000.88 x 0.25
K = 3.14 (1600 - 1.25) = 3.14 (1598.75) ρ = 252.75 Ωm
K = 1000.88 m

Data nomor 15
R=V/I
R = 0.25 / 0.99 = 0.25 Ω

K = π (b2/a – a/4) ρ=KxR

K = 3.14 ( 402 / 5 – 5 / 4 ) ρ = 1000.88 x 0.25
K = 3.14 (1600 - 1.25) = 3.14 (1598.75) ρ = 252.75 Ωm
K = 1000.88 m

Data nomor 15
R=V/I
R = 0.25 / 0.99 = 0.25 Ω

K = π (b2/a – a/4) ρ=KxR

K = 3.14 ( 402 / 5 – 5 / 4 ) ρ = 1000.88 x 0.25
K = 3.14 (1600 - 1.25) = 3.14 (1598.75) ρ = 252.75 Ωm
K = 1000.88 m

Kurva Schlumberger
Tabel Hasil Penyamaan kurva Schlumberger (dengan koreksi jika ada)

Titik Koordinat Keteranga

Kurva Bantu K N
Pusat dn' ρ' n
P1 1 516 0.8 -
H P2 2.6 460 0.5 -
P3 6 300 0.1 -
A P4 20 42 40 -

Lapisan 1

a. Kedalaman : d1 = d1’ = 1 m
b. Ketebalan : h1 = d1 = 1 m
c. Hamabatan jenis : ρ1 = ρ1’ = 516
d. Litologi : Loose sand

Lapisan 2
 a. Kedalaman : d2 = d2’ = 2.6 m
b. Ketebalan : h2 = d2 - d1 = 2.6 – 1 = 1.6 m
c. Hamabatan jenis : ρ2 = K1 x ρ1’ = 0.8 x 516 = 412.8
d. Litologi : Gravel / Weathered bedrock

Lapisan 3

a. Kedalaman : d3 = d3’ = 6 m
b. Ketebalan : h3 = d3 – d2 = 6 – 2.6 = 3.4 m
c. Hamabatan jenis : ρ3 = K1 x ρ1’ = 0.5 x 460 = 230
d. Litologi : Sandstone

Lapisan 4

a. Kedalaman : d4 = d4’ = 20 m
b. Ketebalan : h4 = d4 – d3 = 20 – 6 = 14 m
c. Hamabatan jenis : ρ4 = K1 x ρ1’ = 0.1 x 300 = 30
d. Litologi : Clay / pyrite (ore)

Kolom / penampang tegak (kedalaman / Ketebalan / jenis litologi)

Pembahasan
Tabel Wenner

N
a(m) 2va = K R(ohm) 2vaR = rho 1/R 1/RL RL 2vaRL 2vaR kum
o
0.5 3.14 0 0
1 0.01 0.01 100.00 314.00 420.76

1 6.28 83 521.24
2 0.02 0.01 100.00 628.00 785.00

1.5 9.42 64.5 607.59

3 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 1274.84

2 12.56 53 665.68 1256.0

4 0.03 0.01 100.00 1689.32
0
2.5 15.7 4 62.8 1570.0
5 0.04 0.01 100.00 2113.22
0
3 18.84 32 602.88 1884.0
6 0.05 0.01 100.00 2490.02
0
3.5 21.98 25 549.5 2198.0
7 0.06 0.01 100.00 2863.68
0
4 25.12 19 477.28
8 0.10 0.04 25.00 628.00 3114.88

4.5 28.26 16 452.16

9 0.13 0.03 33.30 941.06 3326.83
 5 31.4 11 345.4
10 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 3574.89

5.5 34.54 8 276.32 1727.0

11 0.14 0.02 50.00 3816.67
0
6 37.68 7 263.76 1254.7
12 0.18 0.03 33.30 4031.45
4
6.5 40.82 6 244.92 2041.0
13 0.20 0.02 50.00 4235.55
0
7 43.96 5 219.8 2198.0
14 0.22 0.02 50.00 4433.37
0
7.5 47.1 4.5 211.95 2355.0
15 0.24 0.02 50.00 4631.19
0
8 50.24 4 200.96 1004.8
16 0.29 0.05 20.00 4807.03
0
8.5 53.38 4 213.52 5338.0
17 0.29 0.01 100.00 4988.52
0
9 56.52 3.5 197.82 1413.0
18 0.33 0.04 25.00 5158.08
0
9.5 59.66 3.5 208.81 2983.0
19 0.36 0.02 50.00 5325.13
0
10 62.8 2 125.6
20 0.45 0.10 10.00 628.00 5463.29

10.5 65.94 1 65.94 1318.8

21 0.50 0.05 20.00 5595.17
0
11 69.08 1 69.08 1381.6
22 0.55 0.05 20.00 5720.89
0
11.5 72.22 1.6 115.552
23 0.63 0.08 12.50 942.00 5841.47

12 75.36 1.4 105.504

24 0.71 0.09 11.10 906.20 5955.76

12.5 78.5 1.2 94.2

25 0.91 0.19 5.26 462.46 6052.48

13 81.64 1 81.64
26 1.33 0.42 2.38 224.20 6123.13

Contoh Perhitungan
a = jarak elektroda
R = Tahanan jenis

H. Contoh Perhitungan
Faktor Geometri Wenner (K dalam m)

 Data No. 1
K = 2πa = 2 . 3,14 .0,5 = 3,14 m
 Data No. 2
K = 2πa = 2 . 3,14 .1 = 6,28 m

Tahanan Jenis (ρ dalam ohm.m)

 Data No. 1
ρa = 2πaR = 2 . 3,14 . 0,5 . 134 = 420,76 ohm.m

 Data No. 2
ρa = 2πaR = 2 . 3,14 . 1 . 58 = 364,24 ohm.m

1/R

 Data No. 1
1 / R = 1 / 134 = 0,00746 ohm-1

 Data No. 2
1 / R = 1 / 58 = 0,0172 ohm-1

1/RL

 Data No. 1
1 / RL = 1 / R1 = 1 / 134 = 0,00746 ohm-1

 Data No. 2
1 / RL = 1 / R2 - 1 / R1 = 0,0172 – 0,00746 = 0,00974 ohm-1

RL

 Data No. 1
RL = 1 / RL1 = 1 / 0,00746 = 134 ohm

 Data No. 2
RL = 1 / RL2 = 1 / 0,00974 = 102,26 ohm

Nilai Barnes (2πaRL)

 Data No. 1
2πaRL = 2 . 3,14 . 0,5 . 134 = 420,74 ohm.m
  Data No. 2
2πaRL = 2 . 3,14 . 1 . 102,26 = 642,21 ohm.m

Kumulatif Moore (2πaR Kumulatif)

 Data No. 1
2πaR kumulatif = 2πaR1 = 420,76 ohm.m

 Data No. 2
2πaR kumulatif = 2πaR1 + 2πaR2 = 420,76 + 364,24 = 785,00 ohm.m

Kurva Wenner

Tabel Hasil Penyamaan Kurva Wenner

Titik Koordinat Keteranga

Kurva Bantu K N
Pusat dn' ρ' n
P1 0.5 420 0.4 -
H P2 1.2 405 0.3 -
P3 2.5 200 0.2 -
A P4 14 49 2 -

Lapisan 1

a. Kedalaman : d1 = d1’ = 0.5 m

b. Ketebalan : h1 = d1 = 0.5 m
c. Hamabatan jenis : ρ1 = ρ1’ = 420
d. Litologi : Gravel/Weathered/sandstone/Granite/Graphitic shict

Lapisan 2

a. Kedalaman : d2 = d2’ = 1.2 m

b. Ketebalan : h2 = d2 - d1 = 1.2 – 0.5 = 0.7 m
c. Hamabatan jenis : ρ2 = K1 x ρ1’ = 0.4 x 420 = 168
d. Litologi : Gravel/Weathered/Graphitic shict
Lapisan 3

a. Kedalaman : d3 = d3’ = 2.5 m

b. Ketebalan : h3 = d3 – d2 = 6 – 2.6 = 1.3 m
c. Hamabatan jenis : ρ3 = K2 x ρ2’ = 0.5 x 405 = 120.9
d. Litologi : Gravel/Weathered/Graphitic shict

Lapisan 4

a. Kedalaman : d4 = d4’ = 14 m
b. Ketebalan : h4 = d4 – d3 = 14 – 2.5 = 11.5 m
c. Hamabatan jenis : ρ4 = K3 x ρ3’ = 0.2 x 200 = 40
d. Litologi : Clay / pyrite / sandtone(ore)

Kurva Barnes & Interpretasi batas lapisan

Pembahasan 2 (Wenner)
Pembahasan (Schlumberger & Wenner)
Kesimpulan
Daftar pustaka