2
Characteristics of spatial data
Location
3
Characteristics of spatial data
Geometry
The shape of a
building or county
The course of a river,
the route of a road
The shape of the
landscape, relief
4
Characteristics of spatial data
Topology
• Connected to
• Within
• Adjacent to
• North of . . .
5
Data dan Informasi Geospasial
Pada umumnya, data yang digunakan dalam SIG disebut sebagai data
geospasial.
Entities Vector
Vector
Points (no dimensions)
Lines, or “arcs” (1
dimension) or
Areas, or “polygons” (2
or 3 dimensions)
Vector
Zoom
in
Components of geographic data
Three general components to geographic information
Streets
Vector Data
Locational data tell where features are
Attribute data tell what features are (lots of
info!)
Topological data tell where features are in
relation to one another
Topology defines relationships between features:
e.g.,
parcel #16 is adjacent to parcel #234
Main St. is connected to First St.
First St. is a one way street (direction)
Entities Vector
Fields Raster
Raster Rivers
Data Raster
Model Data Geografis
C
Data Raster dan Data Vektor
Raster Disadvantages
• Locational accuracy and ability to represent
features accurately depends on cell size
Raster Disadvantages
• Data layer represents only one theme or
“attribute”
• Poor representation of linear features
and boundaries
• No topology
• Raster coding problems
• Big files!
Data Raster dan Data Vektor
52