DAFTAR ISI

Halaman
HALAMAN JUDUL................................................................................................ i
PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN TULISAN .............................................................. ii
LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN................................................................................... iii
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ................................................................................... iv
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................ v
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ vii
ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................. xi
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................. xii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................... 1
A. Latar Belakang ........................................................................................ 1
B. Rumusan Masalah .................................................................................. 6
C. Tujuan Studi Kasus................................................................................. 6
1. Tujuan Umum .................................................................................... 6
2. Tujuan Khusus ................................................................................... 6
D. Manfaat Studi Kasus ............................................................................... 7
1. Manfaat Teoritis ................................................................................. 7
2. Manfaat Praktis .................................................................................. 7
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA............................................................................. 9
A. Konsep Dasar Kapasitas Vital Paru ........................................................ 9
1. Pengertian Kapasitas Vital Paru ........................................................ 9
2. Faktor risiko yang Mempengaruhi Kapasitas Vital Paru ................. 11
3. Pemeriksaan Fungsi Pernapasan ...................................................... 13
4. Spirometri ........................................................................................ 14
5. Interpretasi Hasil Spirometri ............................................................ 16
6. Nilai Rujukan Interpretasi Spirometri.............................................. 17
B. Konsep Dasar Pursed Lip Breathing .................................................... 18
1. Pengertian Pursed Lip Breathing ..................................................... 18
2. Tujuan Pursed Lip Breathing .......................................................... 19
3. Prosedur Operasional Pursed Lip Breathing ................................... 20
4. Indikasi dan kontraindikasi Pursed Lip Breathing .......................... 20
C. Konsep Dasar Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis (PPOK) ..................... 21
1. Pengertian Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis .................................... 21
2. Klasifikasi Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis ................................... 22
3. Etiologi Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis ........................................ 25
4. Tanda dan Gejala Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis......................... 28
5. Patofisiologi Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis ................................ 30
6. Pemeriksaan Penunjang ................................................................... 31
7. Penatalaksanaan Umum PPOK ........................................................ 32
8. Komplikasi ....................................................................................... 35
D. Asuhan Keperawatan ............................................................................ 36
1. Pengkajian Keperawatan.................................................................. 36

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 2. Diagnosis Keperawatan ................................................................... 41
3. Intervensi Keperawatan ................................................................... 42
4. Implementasi Keperawatan.............................................................. 47
5. Evaluasi Keperawatan...................................................................... 47
6. Manfaat Tindakan ............................................................................ 49
E. Kerangka Teori ..................................................................................... 50
F. Kerangka Konsep ................................................................................. 51
BAB III METODE STUDI KASUS ..................................................................... 52
A. Jenis/Desain/Rancangan Studi Kasus ................................................... 52
B. Subyek Studi Kasus .............................................................................. 52
C. Fokus Studi Kasus ................................................................................ 53
D. Definisi Operasional (DO) ................................................................... 53
1. Pursed Lip Breathing ....................................................................... 53
2. Kapasitas vital Paru ......................................................................... 54
3. Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis (PPOK) ........................................ 54
E. Tempat dan Waktu................................................................................ 54
F. Pengumpulan Data ................................................................................ 55
G. Analisis Data dan Penyajian Data ........................................................ 56
BAB IV HASIL STUDI KASUS DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................... 57
A. Hasil Studi Kasus ................................................................................. 57
1. Pengkajian Tn. S dan Ny. S ............................................................. 57
2. Diagnosis Keperawatan ................................................................... 64
3. Intervensi Keperawatan ................................................................... 65
4. Implementasi Keperawatan Tindakan Pursed Lip Breathing .......... 67
5. Evaluasi Keperawatan...................................................................... 72
6. Perbandingan Kapasitas Vital Paru Sebelum dan Sesudah Pemberian
Tindakan Pursed Lip Breathing ........................................................... 74
B. Pembahasan .......................................................................................... 75
1. Karakteristik Pasien PPOK .............................................................. 75
2. Perbandingan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian tindakan Pursed Lip
Breathing .............................................................................................. 77
C. Keterbatasan ......................................................................................... 80
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................................ 81
A. Kesimpulan ........................................................................................... 81
B. Saran ..................................................................................................... 82

Daftar Pustaka
Lampiran

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2. 1 Kerangka Teori ................................................................................. 50

Gambar 2. 2 Kerangka Konsep ............................................................................. 51

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 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 4. 1 Identitas pasien..................................................................................... 58

Tabel 4. 2 Pemeriksaan fisik ................................................................................. 62
Tabel 4. 3 Data penunjang .................................................................................... 63
Tabel 4. 4 Terapi obat ........................................................................................... 64
Tabel 4. 5 Diagnosis keperawatan ........................................................................ 65
Tabel 4. 6 Intervensi keperawatan ........................................................................ 66
Tabel 4. 7 Implementasi Keperawatan Tindakan Pursed Lip Breathing .............. 67
Tabel 4. 8 Evaluasi Keperawatan .......................................................................... 73
Tabel 4. 9 Perbandingan Kapasitas Vital Paru Sebelum dan Sesudah Pemberian
Tindakan Pursed Lip Breathing ............................................................................ 74

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