Btk standar:
3x1+4x2+5x3+6x4 +S1 = 5
2x1+6x2+x3+5x4 - s2 = 6
x1+x2+5x3+x4 = 7
Perlu ditambah var.buatan (artificial) pd kendala 2 dan 3. Misal
A1 dan A2 masing2 adl var. artificial bagi kendala 2 dan 3 maka
btk standarx yg baru:
3x1+4x2+5x3+6x4 +S1 = 5
2x1+6x2+x3+5x4 - s2 +A1 = 6
x1+x2+5x3+x4 + A2= 7
x10,x2 0,x3 0, x4 0,s10,s20,A10,A20
• Var. buatan tdk boleh selamanya berada dlm
basis
• Agar keluar dr basis, maka hrs diberi koefisien yg
tdk menguntungkan, artinya tdk dapat
menambah fgs tujuan mjd lebih bsr(pd kasus
max.)
• Penentuan koef. Hrg bagi Ai adl
ci = -M, M > 0 u/ Z max
ci = +M, M > 0 u/ Z min.
MISALNYA ..
Fgs tujuan
(max) Z = 3x1+2x2+x3+5x4
Kendala
3x1+4x2+5x3+6x4 5
2x1+6x2+x3+5x4 6
x1+x2+5x3+x4 = 7
x10,x2 0,x3 0, x4 0
BENTUK STANDAR
Fgs.tujuan
(max) Z = 3x1+2x2+x3+5x4+0.S1-0.S2-M.A1-M.A2
Kendala
3x1+4x2+5x3+6x4 +S1 = 5
2x1+6x2+x3+5x4 - s2 +A1 = 6
x1+x2+5x3+x4 + A2= 7
x10,x2 0,x3 0, x4 0,s10,s20,A10,A20
CONTOH
• Model Matematis :
Meminimumkan : Z= x1 + 3x2 + 2x3
Kendala :
x1 + 4x2 ≥ 8 menjadi x1 + 4x2 – S1 + A1= 8
2x 1+ x3 ≥ 10 menjadi 2x 1+ x3- - S2 + A2= 10
2x1 + 3x2 ≤ 15 menjadi 2x1 + 3x2 + S3 = 15
x1,x2, x3 ≥ 0
Fungsi Tujuan menjadi
Memaksimumkan : -Z= -x1 - 3x2 - 2x3 - 0S1 - 0S2 + 0S3 –
MA1 – MA2
CB Cj -1 -3 -2 0 0 0 -M -M Inde
Basis x1 x2 x3 S1 S2 S3 A1 A2 ks
-M 8 1 4 0 -1 0 0 1 0 -
-M 10 2 0 1 0 -1 0 0 1 -
0 15 2 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 -
Zj -18M -3M -4M -M M M 0 -M -M
Zj - Cj -18M -3M+1 -4M+3 -M+2 - -M 0 0 0
M
CB Cj -1 -3 -2 0 0 0 -M -M Inde
Basis x1 x2 x3 S1 S2 S3 A1 A2 ks
-M 8 1 4 0 -1 0 0 1 0 2
-M 10 2 0 1 0 -1 0 0 1 -
0 15 2 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 5
Zj -18M -3M -4M -M M M 0 -M -M
Zj - Cj -18M -3M+1 -4M+3 -M+2 - -M 0 0 0
M
CB Cj -1 -3 -2 0 0 0 -M -M Inde
Basis x1 x2 x3 S1 S2 S3 A1 A2 ks
-M 8 1 4 0 -1 0 0 1 0 2
-M 10 2 0 1 0 -1 0 0 1 -
0 15 2 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 5
Zj -18M -3M -4M -M -M -M 0 -M -M
Zj - Cj -18M -3M+1 -4M+3 -M+2 -M -M 0 0 0
CB Cj -1 -3 -2 0 0 0 -M -M Inde
Basis x1 x2 x3 S1 S2 S3 A1 A2 ks
-3 2 1/4 1 0 -¼ 0 0 1/4 0 8
-M 10 2 0 1 0 -1 0 0 1 5
0 9 5/4 0 0 3/4 0 -1 -3/4 0 7 1/5
Zj -6- -3/4- -3 -M 3/4 M 0 -3/4 -M
10M 2M
Zj - -6- -2M+1/4 0 -M+2 3/4 -M 0 - 0
Cj 10M 3/4+
M
CB Cj -1 -3 -2 0 0 0 -M -M Inde
Basis x1 x2 x3 S1 S2 S3 A1 A2 ks
CB Cj -1 -3 -2 0 0 0 -M -M Inde
Basis x1 x2 x3 S1 S2 S3 A1 A2 ks
-1 5 1 0 1/2 0 - 0 0 1/2
1/2
Zj
Zj - Cj
CB Cj -1 -3 -2 0 0 0 -M -M Inde
Basis x1 x2 x3 S1 S2 S3 A1 A2 ks
Zj
Zj - Cj
CB Cj -1 -3 -2 0 0 0 -M -M Inde
Basis x1 x2 x3 S1 S2 S3 A1 A2 ks
Zj
Zj - Cj
Kesimpulan :
- Zmaz = -29/4
Zmin = 29/4 = $7.250
Tercapai bila x1 =5
x2 = 3/4
x3 = 0
LATIHAN