Soal 1

Pada tgl. 1 Januari 2019, perusahaan Cohen mendapatkan tanah di suatu real
estate, yang rencananya akan didirikan bangunan kantor. Harga beli tanah tersebut
$ 86,000, yg dibayar tunai. Diatas tanah tsb berdiri gudang dengan harga perolehan
$ 9,400, gudang tsb diruntuhkan dan dijual dengan penerimaan bersih $ 1,700.
Biaya pengurusan tanah di notaris $ 1,100, kemudian biaya komisi $ 5,100, biaya
arsitek $ 7,800. dan biaya pengolahan tanah untuk pembuatan jalan kendaraan
maupun tempat parkir $ 12,700.
Berapa biaya yang dikeluarkan atas tanah tersebut dan perkiraan apa yang di debet.

Soal 2
Perusahaan angkutan bis Copabana menggunakan metode unit aktivitas (unit-
activity method). Bis tersebut dibeli pada awal Januari 2017 dengan harga beli $
145,000. Usia pemakaian bis 4 tahun dan diperkirakan total jarak yang ditempuh
100,000 mil. Nilai akhir diperkirakan sebesar $ 15,000.
a).Hitunglah penyusutan per mil. b). Jarak yang ditempuh th 2017 27,000 mil, 2018
32,000 mil, 2019 24,000 mil dan 2020 17,000 mil. Berapakah penyusutan th 2017,
th 2018, th 2019 dan th 2020.
Depreciation
Depreciation for
for Partial
Partial Year
Year
Illustration: Barb’s Florists purchased a small delivery truck on
October 1, 2011.
Illustration 9-7

Required: Compute depreciation using the following.

(a) Straight-Line (b) Units-of-Activity (c) Declining Balance.

SO 3 Compute periodic depreciation using different methods.

 Depreciation
Depreciation for
for Partial
Partial Year
Year
Illustration: (Straight-line Method)
Current
Depreciable Annual Partial Year Accum.
Year Cost Rate Expense Year Expense Deprec.
2011 $ 12,000 x 20% = $ 2,400 x 3/12 = $ 600 $ 600
2012 12,000 x 20% = 2,400 2,400 3,000
2013 12,000 x 20% = 2,400 2,400 5,400
2014 12,000 x 20% = 2,400 2,400 7,800
2015 12,000 x 20% = 2,400 2,400 10,200
2016 12,000 x 20% = 2,400 x 9/12 = 1,800 12,000
$ 12,000
Journal entry:

2011 Depreciation expense 600

Accumultated depreciation 600

SO 3 Compute periodic depreciation using different methods.

Depreciation
Depreciation for
for Partial
Partial Year
Year
Illustration: (Units-of-Activity Method) Illustration 9-12

Hours Cost / Annual Accum. Book

Year Used x Unit = Expense Deprec. Value
2011 15,000 $ 0.12 $ 1,800 $ 1,800 $ 11,200
2012 30,000 0.12 3,600 5,400 7,600
2013 20,000 0.12 2,400 7,800 5,200
2014 25,000 0.12 3,000 10,800 2,200
2015 10,000 0.12 1,200 12,000 1,000

2011 Depreciation expense 1,800

Journal
Entry Accumulated depreciation 1,800

SO 3 Compute periodic depreciation using different methods.

 Depreciation
Depreciation for
for Partial
Partial Year
Year
Illustration: (Declining-Balance Method)
Declining Current
Beginning Balance Annual Partial Year Accum.
Year Book Value Rate Expense Year Expense Deprec.
2011 $ 13,000 x 40% = $ 5,200 x 3/12 = $ 1,300 $ 1,300
2012 11,700 x 40% = 4,680 4,680 5,980
2013 7,020 x 40% = 2,808 2,808 8,788
2014 4,212 x 40% = 1,685 1,685 10,473
2015 2,527 x 40% = 1,011 1,011 11,484
2016 1,516 x 40% = 607 Plug 516 12,000
$ 12,000
Journal entry:

2011 Depreciation expense 1,300

Accumultated depreciation 1,300

SO 3 Compute periodic depreciation using different methods.

 Depreciation(Penyusutan)
Depreciation(Penyusutan)
Penyusutan dan Pajak Pendapatan
Peraturan perpajakan seringkali tidak meminta pembayar pajak
untuk menggunakan metode penyusutan yang sama atas spt
yang dipergunakan on dalam menyiapkan laporan keuangan.
Beberapa perusahaan menggunakan metode penyusutan garis
lurus dalam laporan keuangan untuk memaksimumkan laba
bersih. Pada tahun yang sama, mereka menggunakan metode
penyusutan-percepatan pengembalian pajak mereka untuk
meminimalkan pajak penghasilan mereka.

SO 3 Compute periodic depreciation using different methods.

Depreciation
Depreciation
Merevisi Penyusutan Periodik.

Dihitung untuk periode perubahan dan periode yang

akan datang (Perubahan dalam estimati).

Tidak ditangani secara restropektif

Tidak dianggap sebagai suatu kesalahan

SO 4 Describe the procedure for revising periodic depreciation.

Depreciation
Depreciation
Illustration: Assume that Barb’s Florists decides on January 1, 2014,
to extend the useful life of the truck one year because of its excellent
condition. The company has used the straight-line method to
depreciate the asset to date, and book value is $5,800 ($13,000 -
$7,200).

Questions:
1. What is the journal entry to correct theEntry
No prior
years’ depreciation? Required
2. Calculate the depreciation expense for 2014.

SO 4 Describe the procedure for revising periodic depreciation.

Depreciation
Depreciation
Book value, 1/1/14 $5,800 First,
First,
Residual value - 1,000 establish
establish
Book
BookValue
Value
Depreciable cost 4,800
at
atthe
thedate
dateof of
Useful life (revised) / 3 years change
changein in
Annual depreciation $ 1,600 estimate.
estimate.

Illustration 9-17

Journal entry for 2014

Depreciation expense 1,600

Accumulated depreciation 1,600

SO 4 Describe the procedure for revising periodic depreciation.

Depreciation
Depreciation

Review Question

When there is a change in estimated depreciation:

a. previous depreciation should be corrected.
b. current and future years’ depreciation should be
revised.
c. only future years’ depreciation should be revised.
d. None of the above.

SO 4 Describe the procedure for revising periodic depreciation.

Revaluation
Revaluation of
of Plant
Plant Assets
Assets
IFRS allows revaluation of plant assets to fair value

If revaluation is used, it must be applied to all assets in

a class of assets.

Assets that are experiencing rapid price changes must

be revalued on an annual basis, otherwise less
frequent revaluation is acceptable.

SO 4 Describe the procedure for revising periodic depreciation.

Revaluation
Revaluation of
of Plant
Plant Assets
Assets
Illustration: Pernice Company menerapkan penilaian kembali
terhadap aset pabrik dengan nilai tercatat $ 1.000.000, masa
manfaat 5 tahun, dan tidak ada nilai sisa. Pernice membuat entri
jurnal berikut di tahun 1, dengan asumsi penyusutan garis lurus.

Depreciation expense 200,000

Accumulated depreciation 200,000

After this entry, Pernice’s plant assets have a carrying amount

of $800,000 ($1,000,000 - $200,000).

SO 4 Describe the procedure for revising periodic depreciation.

Revaluation
Revaluation of
of Plant
Plant Assets
Assets
Illustration: Pada akhir tahun 1, penilai independen
menentukan bahwa aset tersebut memiliki nilai wajar $ 850.000.
Untuk melaporkan aset pabrik pada nilai wajar, Pernice
membuat entri berikut.
Akumulasi penyusutan 200,000
Aset pabrik 150,000
Surplus penilaian 50,000

Revaluation surplus is an example of an item reported as other

comprehensive income, as discussed in Chapter 5.

SO 4 Describe the procedure for revising periodic depreciation.

Revaluation
Revaluation of
of Plant
Plant Assets
Assets
Pernice now reports the following information in its statement of
financial position at the end of year 1.
Illustration 9-18

$850,000 is the new basis of the asset. Pernice reports depreciation

expense of $200,000 in the income statement and $50,000 in other
comprehensive income. Depreciation in year 2 will be $212,500
($850,000 / 4).

SO 4 Describe the procedure for revising periodic depreciation.

Expenditures
Expenditures During
During Useful
Useful Life
Life
Ordinary Repairs - expenditures to maintain the operating
efficiency and productive life of the unit.
Debit - Repair (or Maintenance) Expense.
Referred to as revenue expenditures.

Additions and Improvements - costs incurred to increase

the operating efficiency, productive capacity, or useful life of a
plant asset.
Debit - the plant asset affected.
Referred to as capital expenditures.

SO 5 Distinguish between revenue and capital expenditures,

and explain the entries for each.
Plant
Plant Asset
Asset Disposals
Disposals
Companies dispose of plant assets in three ways —
Retirement, Sale, or Exchange (appendix).
Illustration 9-19

Record depreciation up to the date of disposal.

Eliminate asset by (1) debiting Accumulated Depreciation, and
(2) crediting the asset account.

SO 6 Explain how to account for the disposal of a plant asset.

Plant
Plant Asset
Asset Disposals
Disposals -- Retirement
Retirement
Retirement of Plant Assets
Illustration: Assume that Hobart Enterprises retires
its computer printers, which cost $32,000. The accumulated
depreciation on these printers is $32,000. The journal entry to
record this retirement is:

Accumulated depreciation 32,000

Printing equipment 32,000

Question: What happens if a fully depreciated plant asset is still useful

to the company?

SO 6 Explain how to account for the disposal of a plant asset.

Plant
Plant Asset
Asset Disposals
Disposals -- Retirement
Retirement
Illustration: Assume that Sunset Company discards delivery
equipment that cost $18,000 and has accumulated
depreciation of $14,000. The journal entry is:

Accumulated depreciation 14,000

Loss on disposal 4,000
Delivery equipment 18,000

Companies report a loss on disposal in the “Other income and

expense” section of the income statement.

SO 6 Explain how to account for the disposal of a plant asset.

Plant
Plant Asset
Asset Disposals
Disposals
Sale of Plant Assets
Compare the book value of the asset with the proceeds
received from the sale.
If proceeds exceed the book value, a gain on disposal
occurs.

If proceeds are less than the book value, a loss on

disposal occurs.

SO 6 Explain how to account for the disposal of a plant asset.

Plant
Plant Asset
Asset Disposals
Disposals -- Sale
Sale
Gain on Disposal
Illustration: Assume that on July 1, 2011, Wright Company
sells office furniture for $16,000 cash. The office furniture
originally cost $60,000. As of January 1, 2011, it had
accumulated depreciation of $41,000. Depreciation for the first
six months of 2011 is $8,000. Prepare the journal entry to record
depreciation expense up to the date of sale.

Depreciation expense 8,000

Accumulated depreciation 8,000

SO 6 Explain how to account for the disposal of a plant asset.

 Plant
Plant Asset
Asset Disposals
Disposals -- Sale
Sale
Illustration 9-20
Computation of gain on
disposal

Illustration: Wright records the sale as follows.

July 1 Cash 16,000

Accumulated depreciation 49,000
Office equipment 60,000
Gain on disposal 5,000

SO 6 Explain how to account for the disposal of a plant asset.

 Plant
Plant Asset
Asset Disposals
Disposals -- Sale
Sale
Loss on Disposal Illustration 9-21
Computation of loss on disposal

Illustration: Assume
that instead of selling
the office furniture for
$16,000, Wright sells it
for $9,000.

July 1 Cash 9,000

Accumulated depreciation 49,000
Loss on disposal 2,000
Office equipment 60,000