Gangguan Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Cairan Elektrolit

Pada Anak
Nama kelompok 4 :
1. Dita Febiyana (2014301054)
2. VeraNita Meilya Rosa (2014301094)

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3.
4.
Karlina Wulandasari (2014301064)
Najwa Nabilla Salma (2014301075)
5. Nuria Uspika (2014301078)
6. Linda Ria Ananta (2014301068)
7. Vivi Aprilia Widyaningsih (2014301095)
8. Ranu Dwi Sam Aditya (2014301084)
9. Fadilla aprilia hanisa (2014301057)
10. Muhammad akbar (2014301072)
11. Putri oktarina (2014301081)
Gangguan Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Cairan Elektrolit
Pada Anak
Part 01 Menghitung Balance Cairan Part 02 Menghitung Kebutuhan
Cairan Pada Anak

Part 03 Perawatan Infus Anak: Part 04 Perawatan Kateter Pada Anak

memasang, menghitung dan
memonitor cairan infus
 Menghitung Balance cairan
Menghitung balance cairan Balance cairan adalah keseimbangan antara pengeluaran dan pemasukan
dari cairan di dalam tubuh yang memungkinkan fungsi metabolik tubuh bekerja dengan benar (Welch,
2010).Menurut pemaparan Irianto (2014) asupan cairan yang masuk dalam tubuh berasal dari sumber
makanan dan minuman, cairan yang dibutuhkan oleh tubuh dalam 24jam antara 1800ml – 2500ml,
sedangkan pengeluaran (output) didapatkan dalam bentuk urin 1200ml – 1500ml/hari.Anak dengan berat
badan kurang dari 10 kg membutuhkan 100 ml air per kg berat badan. Jadi misalnya, berat badan si kecil
adalah 8 kg, air yang dibutuhkan per hari adalah, 100 ml x 8 = 800 ml air. Anak dengan berat badan 10-20
kg, membutuhkan 1.000 ml air + 50 ml untuk setiap kenaikan berat badan di atas 10 kg.

Menghitung Balance cairan anak tergantung tahap umur, untuk menentukan Air Metabolisme, menurut
Iwasa M, Kogoshi S dalam Fluid Therapy Bunko do (1995) dari PT. Otsuka Indonesia yaitu:1. Usia Balita
(1 - 3 tahun)2. Usia 5 - 7 tahun3. Usia 7 - 11 tahun4. Usia 12 - 14 tahun: 8 cc/kgBB/hari: 8 - 8,5
cc/kgBB/hari : 6 - 7 cc/kgBB/hari: 5 - 6 cc/kgBB/hariUntuk IWL (Insensible Water Loss) pada anak = (30 -
usia anak dalam tahun) x cc/kgBB/hariJika anak mengompol menghitung urine 0,5 cc - 1 cc/kgBB /hari
Menghitung Kebutuhan cairan Elektrolit Pada Anak
d
Perawatan Infus Anak:memasang menghitung dan memonitor cairan
infus
Ada beberapa prosedur yang baik untuk mencegah risiko kesehatan saat melepas infus. Dijelaskan oleh dr. Devia,
berikut beberapa langkahnya:
1. Siapkan Alat
Sebelum melepas infus, perawat diminta untuk menyiapkan alat-alat yang akan digunakan. Ia
mencontohkan, meletakkan bekas infus. misalnya, sarung tangan, kapas, alkohol, plester, dan wadah untuk
melepaskan bekas infus.
Jangan lupa untuk menyiapkan perlak atau alas untuk memberikan tatakan saat pelepasan infus.
2. Jelaskan Prosedur pada Pasien
Agar pasien tidak panik, katakan bahwa pelepasan infus ini tidak berbahaya dan sudah dilakukan oleh
tenaga profesional. Minta pasien untuk tetap tenang, dan jangan langsung menarik tangan ketika infus
sedang dilepas karena berisiko. 
3. Lakukan Pelepasan Infus
Selanjutnya, barulah masuk tahap pelepasan. Petugas medis akan menggunakan kapas alkohol yang
diusapkan di sekitar kulit yang ada plester infusnya.
“Kalau sudah terlepas, tekan bagian yang tertusuk dengan kapas alkohol, sembari ditarik pelan-pelan
keluar. Dengan begitu, darah yang keluar tidak akan terlalu banyak karena dibantu ditekan,” ujar dr. Devia. 
Jika darah yang keluar terlalu banyak, perawat bisa memasang plester untuk memberikan tekanan. Jika
sudah penuh darah, ganti kapas alkohol sebelumnya dengan yang baru. Minta pasien untuk tidak banyak
bergerak.
 Perawatan Kateter Pada Anak
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