Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems Indonesia - 14 Mar 2001 Teknologi Pengolahan ir !

im"ah Tan#a In#$t %nergi Teknologi #engolahan lim"ah yang "erkem"ang di negara kita "anyak yang "ersi&at hi-tech yang nota"ene mahal in'estasi( "oros energy( dan ongkos maintenance tinggi( sehingga mem"$at image di masyarakat yang namanya teknologi #engolahan lim"ah it$ ya har$s #akai mesin-mesin) Image demikian it$ telah "erlangs$ng se*ak lama( sehingga ketika ditawarkan teknologi "ar$ yang "er"asis teknologi te#at g$na masyarakat s$lit menerima)

Pengalaman Dewats Pro*ect Indonesia se"$ah #royek ker*asama antara !PTP S$rakarta dan +,-D .erman ketika akan im#lentasi teknologi #engolahan lim"ah cair r$mah sakit di /ogyakarta( ham#ir tidak da#at izin dari instansi #emerintah yang "erwenang( #ertanyaan-#ertanyaannya "ernada #esimis dan tidak mem"eri kesem#atan) 0al it$ kita sadari karena memang "el$m ada contoh sistem #engolahan lim"ah yang kita tawarkan disini) 1am$n dengan "er"agai $#aya termas$k *aminan kesangg$#an dari #royek kala$ "ang$nan yang kita "ang$n nanti tidak "er&$ngsi( maka dana yang dikel$arkan oleh #ihak r$mah sakit akan kita kem"alikan) Dengan *aminan it$ kem$dian Dewats Pro*ect Indonesia #ada tah$n 1223 di"eri kesem#atan dan izin mem"ang$n IP ! sistem Dewats di salah sat$ r$mah sakit swasta di /ogyakarta) 0asil $*i la"oratori$m men$n*$kkan "ahwa #engolahan lim"ah r$mah sakit dengan IP ! sistem Dewats hasilnya *a$h di"awah standart "ak$ m$t$ yang di#ersyaratkan oleh #emerintah) IP ! sistem Dewats sangat "ergant$ng #ada "akteri anaero"ik dan aero"ik) 4nt$k negara kita Indonesia yang "eriklim tro#is( s$h$ 560-66o7elci$s8 teknologi IP ! sistem Dewats sangat ses$ai $nt$k dikem"angkan karena #erkem"ang"iakan "akteri sangat ce#at( sehingga #roses #em"$s$kan lim"ah dengan teknologi Dewats akan le"ih ce#at #$la( yang "erarti sistem #engolahan air lim"ah di negara "eriklim tro#is har$s le"ih e&&isien dari negara yang tidak "eriklim tro#is) #a dan "agaimana ker*a IP ! sistem Dewats 9 Teknologi #engolahan air lim"ah tan#a in#$t energy it$ "ernama Dewats 5Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems8) ta$ sistem #engolahan air lim"ah terdesentralisasi) Dewats didasarkan #ada #rinsi# #emeliharaan dengan cara sederhana( "iaya rendah:m$rah karena "agian #aling #enting dari sistem ini "ero#erasi tan#a memerl$kan in#$t energi( serta tidak da#at dimatikan dan dihid$#kan dengan senga*a) Dewats mem#ertim"angkan keindahan teknologi dengan "iaya ter*angka$( karena se"agian "esar "ahan:in#$t mengg$nakan #rod$k material setem#at)

Dewats "er#i*ak #ada em#at sistem #engolahan ; Pengolahan awal dan sedimentasi didalam se#tic tank ata$ tanki imho&& Pengolahan anaero"ic sek$nder dengan reaktor &i<ed "ed ata$ reaktor "a&&le Pengolahan tersier aero"ic:anaero"ic #ada sistem &ilter aliran "awah tanah Pengolahan tersier aero"ic:anaero"ic di dalam kolam %&isiensi Pengolahan IP ! sistem Dewats ; =$alitas hasil #engolahan IP ! sistem Dewats tergant$ng #ada #engar$h alam dan tem#erat$r( tem#at yang tersedia teta#i secara #rinsi# da#at di$k$r dari +,D yang da#at dik$rangi ; a) 2> ? ->0 ? $nt$k se#tictank dan "ak Imho&& ") 30? - 20 ? $nt$k anaero"ik &ilter dan "a&&led reaktor c) 30? - 2> ? $nt$k constr$cted wetland dan sistim kolam S$ryanto @ M) .$naidi 7h Dewats Pro*ect Indonesia %mail ; dewatsAidola)net)id PROCESSING INSTALLATION IRRIGATE THE WASTE COMMUNAL DEWATS ' GIRLI ' KSM RAMLI RW 11 GONDOLAYU LOR, COKRODININGRATAN, YOGYAKARTA TOWN PROCESSING INSTALLATION IRRIGATE THE WASTE COMMUNAL DEWATS ' GIRLI ' KSM RAMLI RW 11 GONDOLAYU LOR, COKRODININGRATAN, YOGYAKARTA TOWN Backgrou ! wareness o& 7itizen -T >B and -T >3 in -W 11 kam#ong o& Condolay$ !or to en'ironmental health aro$nd its residence make #ro#er the $# th$m"( with &ormed its is Sel&-S$##orting Cro$# o& %n'ironmental Driendly Society 5 =SM - M!I 8) With the !ocation "y the side west o& ri'er 7ode( north o& "ridge Condolay$ #recisely in kam#ong o& gondolay$ !or( 7okrodiningratan s$"-district( .etis district( /ogyakarta town( #ro'ince D)I) /ogyakarta( 0a'e gi'en its contri"$tion in #re'enting Clo"al Warming "y taking care o& ri'er "ody &rom waste contamination( and ha'e come to the commitment go'ernment o& /ogyakarta with the #rogram S 1IM S E 7lean -i'er F or F =ali +ersih F) Pict$r 1) Together with Mr) Moslem( chie& o& =SM - M!I -W 11 7okrodiningratan) Their caring is this later then central go'ernment tr$st and chosen it to acce#t the aid namely de'elo#ment o& &acility o& #rocessor installation irrigate the waste 5IP !8 0o$sehold in the -W 11) The go'ernment thro$gh the %n'ironment De#artment work along with the 1on Co'ernment ,rganization 5 1C, 8 !PTP o& $nder s$#er'ision +,-D Cermany as design IP ! and also &ig$re in the citizen o& -W 11 in the de'elo#ment IP ! D%W TS) With the go'ernmental rock &$nd eG$al to 600 million growing sel&-s$##orting o& society o& eG$al to 2(1 million( is not incl$ding de'elo#ment energy which is 100? done "y a citizen so that the #ro*ect o& the comm$nal IP ! can &inish in 60 day)

Co""u a# D$%$#o&"$ ' IPAL DEWATS ' G(r#(' Inlet IP ! D%W TS in the &orm o& discard water or re&erred as "y ordinary o& domestic discard that is dirty water is secretary the than W7( "athroom( washing( kitchen( and drainage &rom ho$sing o& -W 11) The Dirty Water consisted o& "y the mi<t$re o& organic materials and mineral in so many good &orm small and also "ig #article( "oth &or &loating or s$s#ended in the &orm o& colloid and also semi colloid( #$re dis#erse condensation or)

+eca$se location o& -W 11 reside in the ri'er "asin 7ode( so that 'ery di&&ic$lt i& its ho$sehold waste water *ointed to aG$ed$ct o& waste o& $r"an /ogyakarta( where its sit$ation is higher more or less 20 m &rom settlement( its sol$tion is woke $# "y the to &acility IP ! in #lace $tilize to o'ercome and #rocessing o& discard o& domestic -W 11 which its ser'ice co'er the -T >B and -T >3) To the go'ernmental initiati'e hence woke $# "y comm$nal &acility IP ! D%W TS in region o& -W 11 o& to "e the ho$sehold waste water #rocessed so that do not contaminate the "ody o& ri'er 7ode and e<#loited "y a res$lt &rom other side its #rocessing "ecome the gas &$el) ll its o#erational is handled "y =SM - M!I -W 11 Condolay$ !or( 7okrodiningratan)

E)&#o('( g Technical Planning o& system dismissal irrigate the discard( ha'e "een e<ec$ted "y +,-D Cermany o& year 2003) Drom the #lanning res$lt( #ro*ect o& this can im#ro'e the ser'ice sanitation to 6>0 #eo#le o& resident o& -W 11( and also im#ro'e the G$ality o& ri'er water 5 +,D alighted &rom "y 1242 mg:! "ecome B6 mg:! 8) ,ther "ene&it is yield the gas &$el)

C*arac'$r(+'(c Irr(ga'$ T*$ Do"$+'(c Wa+'$ A, P*-+(ca# C*arac'$r(+'(c 1) T$r"idity T$r"idity irrigate the discard 'ery de#ended &rom solid content o& s$s#ended and dissol'e in discard water) In general irrigate the strong discard ha'e the high t$r"idity)

2) 7olor 7olor irrigate the &resh discard $s$ally chromatic rather grey( this matter "eca$se o& organic materials is which not yet "een ra'eled( irrigate the discard o& llama will smell and chromatic "lackly( "eca$se materials organic ha'e e<#erienced o& the deterioration) 6) roma: odors 4s$ally irrigate the malodoro$s discard o& this matter "eca$se o& nat$re o& materials #oll$tants( gas o& res$lt o& reaction degradation 5 704( 706( 7,2( etc)8

B, C*$"(ca# C*arac'$r(+'(c 1) +,D 5+iological ,<ygen Demand8 The amo$nt o& o<ygen content needed "y microorganisms $sed to ela"orate the organic com#o$nds 2) 7,D 57hemical ,<ygen Demand8 The amo$nt o& o<ygen which needed to a chemical disco$nt o<idation

6) D, 5Demand ,<ygen8 The amo$nt o& dissol'e o<ygen in condensation : irrigate and o& 'ital im#ortance in o#eration o& G$ality o& water)

Co""u a# Proc$++( g IPAL DEWATS M$'*o! ' G(r#( . 4sing method o& #hysical #rocessing and "iological ; A, Proc$++( g Irr(ga'$ '*$ Wa+'$ ( P*-+(ca# / In general( "e&ore cond$cted "y #rocessing ad'ance to discard water wanted "y easy and king sized materials to s$s#ended or adri&t materials #$t aside "e&orehand) Screenings re#resent the way o& e&&icient and e&&ecti'e to cast aside) %asy materials s$s#ended can "e #$t aside with the gra'itation #rocess) Prima &acie #arameter design to #rocess this #reci#itation is s#eed the #article and time o& detents hydrolysis in #reci#itation "asin) Process the #rocessing "y Physical Sedimentation This #rocessing is to #reci#itate the sand( gra'el and s$s#ended o& &o$nd on discard water) Process the sedimentation o& e<ist in IP ! namely at "asin control) B, Proc$++( g Irr(ga'$ '*$ Wa+'$ B(o#og(ca##This Processing is 'iewed as "y an e&&icient and chea#est #rocessing namely $ses the #rocess anaero"e "eca$se can #re'ent the aroma:odors "eca$se location o& there is at el"ow citizen settlement; Process the naero"e Where in co$rse o& needing o<ygen tied ,rganic H 1,6 7,2 H 12 H %nergy

Process The Processing +iologically co'er; cti'e M$d to ela"orate or degradation o& materials organic in waste "y anaero"e $ses the o#tional "acteri$m in anaero"ic "a&&le reactor)

Dig$re 1) Diagram o& &low waste water treatment system

U (' o0 I +'a##a'(o o0 Wa+'$ Proc$++( g Standard o& 7onstr$ction o& $nit IP ! shall "e as &ollows A, I +'a##a'(o Ca&ac('($+ 123 &$o&#$ or 133 kk co +(+'$! o0 / 1 settler one cham"er 4 anaero"ic "a&&le reactor 6 anaero"ic &ilter B, Ba+( co 'ro# a ! Grou !$! +a !, C, B(o4!(g$+'$r D, D(+( 0$c'a ' Ba+( E, Bu(#!( g 5ac(#('The size o& "$ilding is 10 m2 &or the o&&ice o&( M7= and clean water #rocessing)

Proc$++ '*$ Wa+'$ Proc$++( g Diagram emits a stream o& the waste #rocessing likes; A, Ba+( Co 'ro# 1) 4sed to arrest detain the o"*ect "$rden : "ig dirt "e&ore entered to settler one cham"er) 2) Way o& its o#eration - Dirt dissociated "y harsh &ilter - Dissociated certain dirt in man$al B, B(o4D(g$+'$r D$nctioning to e<#loit the waste W7 gasi&ied methane "y incl$ding "acteri$m coli &or the degradation o& &aces "ecome the gas o& acti'e m$d and methane( where the methane gas $sed as a gas &$el( o$tlet "io-digester in#$t to settler one cham"er)

C, S$''#$r O $ c*a"6$r D$nctioning to accommodate and mingle the waste which enter &rom e&&l$ent o& ho$sehold kitchen( drainage( some o& "ath rooms and W7s( and also "io digester "e&ore entered to "asin o& anaero"ic "a&&le reactor) D, A a$ro6(c 6a00#$ r$ac'or, D$nctioning to #rocess the anaero"ic namely mingle the waste with the "acteri$m "a&&le so that #rocess the anaero"e degradation walk "y ela"orating o"taina"le organic content so that 7,D and +,D matching with r$le( what is later then #o$red into "asin o& anaero"ic &ilter) E, A a$ro6(c 0(#'$r D$nctioning &or the &ilter o& "acteri$m "a&&le "ro$ght a c$rrent so that "acteri$m do not &ollow "ro$ght a c$rrent irrigate the e<it IP ! 5, D(+( 0$c'a ' Ba+( D$nctioning to kill the "acteri$m "ro$ght "y a c$rrent irrigate the system e<it so that not "ecome the #oll$tants o& ri'er "ody)

R$+u#' o0 Proc$++( g a ! Wa+'$ E)&#o('( g, 7omm$nal Per&ormance IP ! D%W TS E Cirli E this shown at the ta"les $nder te<t;

Ta"le 1; -es$lt o& analysis sam#les irrigate the waste

!ocation ; S$"-District o& 7okrodiningratan -T >B(>3 -W 11 Day ; Wednesday

Date o& ; 3 May 200I 0o$r Sa"&#$ R(%$r ;a'$r W$## ;a'$r Ou'#$' I #$' DO 7"g8L9 <,2< @,>= 3,@1 3,>? ; 02)60 &H =,11 <,1@ ?,>< 3,>? BOD 7"g8L9 1>1 13A >3 =13 COD 7"g8L9 11< <= >=< >3>1 TDS 7"g8L9 133,< >13 2=? 2?@ Co !uc'(4%('>13 @<2 11== 11@@ Tur6(!o4"$'$r >?? 3,A? @3,?2 =<? T$"&$ra4 'ur$ :C >< ><,A >=,? >=,1

Ta"le 2) -es$lt o& analysis sam#les irrigate the waste

!ocation ; S$"-District o& 7okrodiningratan -T >B(>3 -W 11 Day ; Th$rsday

Date o& ; 3 $g$st 200I 0o$r ; 10)60

,#erator ; Mr) +agio 5 =SM - M!I8 Test The !a"oratory To J$ality o& Waste Water Date : 0o$r Parameter 5 0a'e "een ada#ted &or a go'ernmental reg$lation 8 +,D 7,D 5mg:!8#0 104-1 P,4 5mg:!8 TSS 5mg:!8 5mg:!8

Meas$red "y Settler Team ,$tlet Data &rom 7lient Inlet ,$tlet

10)62 10)40

1242 B6

4I10 114

B)24 B)26

24)>1 21)4>

4400 K 100

Ta"le 6 ,& Cas %<#loiting &rom +io-Digester Dismissal nd -es$rrecting -es$rrecting nd #rod$ct $sage &rom other side the +oldness

Cas

%<#loited as so$# kitchen to cook 1 - 2 ho$r #er day "y 2 sto'es) !e'el Cas I> -

a Society not yet will $se the gas "eca$se disg$sting to $se "iogas) -

Water 0a'e ne'er "een taken and e<#loited) -

Irrigate The 7ha&& M$d

Co c#u+(o

Drom data got a &ield shown the good #er&ormance a"ly degrade the contamination storey le'el) Where +,D wastes &rom 1242 mg:! "ecome B6 mg:!) +ecome the e&&ecti'e ty#e IP ! D%W TS eno$gh and s$ited &or #rocessing liG$id waste comm$nal ho$sehold narrow tight location and reside in "eyond reach channel o& installation o& #rocessor o& $r"an waste)