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PERMIT SYSTEM

Soehatman Ramli
Latar Belakang
Lingkungan industri khususnya yang
mengelola bahan berbahayasangat
rawan terhadap bahaya kecelakaan.
Pada umumnya kecelakaan terjadi
pada pekerjaan pemeliharaan.
Perlu pengawasan dan pencegahan
yang baik melalui sistem ijin kerja
Lingkungan industri khususnya yang
mengelola bahan berbahayasangat
rawan terhadap bahaya kecelakaan.
Pada umumnya kecelakaan terjadi
pada pekerjaan pemeliharaan.
Perlu pengawasan dan pencegahan
yang baik melalui sistem ijin kerja
Philosophy Ijin Kerja
Tujuan sistem Ijin Kerja
mencegah kecelakaan
mencegah kebakaran dan peledakan
mencegah gangguan terhadap proses
produksi dan lingkungan sekitarnya.
Melindungi manusia dan peralatan akibat
kondisi berbahaya
Tujuan sistem Ijin Kerja
mencegah kecelakaan
mencegah kebakaran dan peledakan
mencegah gangguan terhadap proses
produksi dan lingkungan sekitarnya.
Melindungi manusia dan peralatan akibat
kondisi berbahaya
Manfaat Ijin Kerja
Perlindungan Tenaga Kerja
Mencegah kerugian akibat kecelakaan
Meningkatkan sikap tanggungjawab dan
disiplin kerja
Perlindungan hukum (claim) jika terjadi
kecelakaan
Sebagai dasar penyelidikan kecelakaan
Sebagai alat kontrol pengawasan K3
Meningkatkan kinerja K3 perusahaan
Perlindungan Tenaga Kerja
Mencegah kerugian akibat kecelakaan
Meningkatkan sikap tanggungjawab dan
disiplin kerja
Perlindungan hukum (claim) jika terjadi
kecelakaan
Sebagai dasar penyelidikan kecelakaan
Sebagai alat kontrol pengawasan K3
Meningkatkan kinerja K3 perusahaan
Safe Work Permits Safe Work Permits
Safe Work Permit Permit #
Type: (hot work, confined space, line break, etc.... location:
Valid __/___/___ ____ __/___/___ ____ Issued to:
From: M D Y time to M D Y time
Work Description: ________________________________
____________________________________________ Supervisors Signature Print name
____________________________________________
____________________________________________ Work Order No.
Atm Combustible vapors or gases (<10%) Oxygen Concentration (>19.5% & <21%) Toxic Material Concentration
Tests
Precautions Always Required:
Safe Work Permit Permit #
Type: (hot work, confined space, line break, etc.... location:
Valid __/___/___ ____ __/___/___ ____ Issued to:
From: M D Y time to M D Y time
Work Description: ________________________________
____________________________________________ Supervisors Signature Print name
____________________________________________
____________________________________________ Work Order No.
Atm Combustible vapors or gases (<10%) Oxygen Concentration (>19.5% & <21%) Toxic Material Concentration
Tests
Precautions Always Required:
Safe Work Permit Permit #
Type: (hot work, confined space, line break, etc.... location:
Valid __/___/___ ____ __/___/___ ____ Issued to:
From: M D Y time to M D Y time
Work Description: ________________________________
____________________________________________ Supervisors Signature Print name
____________________________________________
____________________________________________ Work Order No.
Atm Combustible vapors or gases (<10%) Oxygen Concentration (>19.5% & <21%) Toxic Material Concentration
Tests
Precautions Always Required:
Safe Work Permit Permit #
Type: (hot work, confined space, line break, etc.... location:
Valid __/___/___ ____ __/___/___ ____ Issued to:
From: M D Y time to M D Y time
Work Description: ________________________________
____________________________________________ Supervisors Signature Print name
____________________________________________
____________________________________________ Work Order No.
Atm Combustible vapors or gases (<10%) Oxygen Concentration (>19.5% & <21%) Toxic Material Concentration
Tests
Precautions Always Required:
Tujuan sistem ijin kerja adalah untuk mengidentifikasi
semua bahaya yang berkaitan dengan pekerjaan non
rutin, dan memberikan pengamanan untuk mencegah
potensi bahaya yang timbul
Melindungi peralatan dari kerusakan
Mencegah bahaya kebakaran
Memastikan pekerjaan dilakukan dengan
cara yang aman
Memberikan arahan mengenai cara yang
aman dalam melaksanakan pekerjaan
Sasaran Permit System
Melindungi peralatan dari kerusakan
Mencegah bahaya kebakaran
Memastikan pekerjaan dilakukan dengan
cara yang aman
Memberikan arahan mengenai cara yang
aman dalam melaksanakan pekerjaan
WORK PERMIT REQUIREMENT
Permit diperlukan untuk pekerjaan berikut ini
:
Major & Minor Maint. work.
Inspection.
Construction.
Alteration.
Process Equip. cleaning
Entry into confined space.
Excavation
Vehicle entry into hazardous areas etc.
Permit diperlukan untuk pekerjaan berikut ini
:
Major & Minor Maint. work.
Inspection.
Construction.
Alteration.
Process Equip. cleaning
Entry into confined space.
Excavation
Vehicle entry into hazardous areas etc.
Jenis Ijin Kerja
1. Ijin Kerja Panas Hot Work Permit
2. Ijin Kerja Dingin Cold work Permit
3. Ijin kerja penggalian _ Digging Permit
4. Ijin Kerja Masuk Ruang Tertutup Entry
Permit
5. Ijin Kerja Radioaktif
6. Ijin Kerja Listrik
7. Ijin Kerja di ketinggian
8. Dsb.
1. Ijin Kerja Panas Hot Work Permit
2. Ijin Kerja Dingin Cold work Permit
3. Ijin kerja penggalian _ Digging Permit
4. Ijin Kerja Masuk Ruang Tertutup Entry
Permit
5. Ijin Kerja Radioaktif
6. Ijin Kerja Listrik
7. Ijin Kerja di ketinggian
8. Dsb.
Prinsip Permit System
THE FIRE TETRAHEDRON THE FIRE TETRAHEDRON
FUEL
TEMPERATURE
Prinsip Ijin Kerja
Bahan
bakar
Panas Oksigen Panas Oksigen
1. Mengendalikan Bahan
Bakar
2. Mengendalikan Panas
3. Mengendalikan Oksigen
Prinsip Ijin Kerja
Bahan
bakar
Panas Oksigen
Mengendalikan Bahan Bakar
Mencegah atau
mengendalikan adanya
sumber bahan bakar
Boleh menggunakan api
Menggunakan Ijin Kerja
Panas
Panas Oksigen
Mencegah atau
mengendalikan adanya
sumber bahan bakar
Boleh menggunakan api
Menggunakan Ijin Kerja
Panas
Ijin Kerja Panas, menggunakan atau menimbulkan
sumber panas, atau nyala seperti pekerjaan
pengelasan, api dapur, sant blasting dll.
Unsur yang dihindarkan adalah adanya sumber bahan
bakar dengan melakukan gas test.
Prinsip Ijin Kerja
Bahan
bakar
Panas Oksigen
Mengendalikan Panas
Sumber bahan bakar tidak
bisa dikendalikan dan
dapat timbul sewaktu-
waktu
Kendalikan atau cegah
adanya/timbulnya sumber
panas atau energi
Jenis Ijin Kerja Dingin
Panas Oksigen
Sumber bahan bakar tidak
bisa dikendalikan dan
dapat timbul sewaktu-
waktu
Kendalikan atau cegah
adanya/timbulnya sumber
panas atau energi
Jenis Ijin Kerja Dingin
Ijin Kerja Dingin, adalah pekerjaan yang tidak atau
tidak boleh menimbulkan adanya sumber panas atau
percikan api.
Sumber bahan bakar diperkirakan timbul setiap saat
Contoh pekerjaan menggunakan palu di tanki minyak
Prinsip Ijin Kerja
Bahan
bakar
Panas Oksigen
Mengendalikan Oksigen
Kadar Oksigen
diperkirakan tidak aman
bagi manusia atau untuk
kelangsungan proses
pembakaran (segi tiga api)
Ijin Masuk ruang tertutup
Panas Oksigen
Kadar Oksigen
diperkirakan tidak aman
bagi manusia atau untuk
kelangsungan proses
pembakaran (segi tiga api)
Ijin Masuk ruang tertutup
Ijin Kerja Ruang tertutup dimana kadar oksigen harus
diperhitungkan untuk keselamatan pekerja
Sistem Ijin Kerja
Pihak yang terlibat dalam sistem ijin kerja
Issuing
Authority
Safety
Advisor
Perrforming
Authority
Ijin Kerja
Sistem Ijin Kerja
Issuing Authority Pemberi Ijin
Yaitu pihak operasi atau pengawas
daerah/peralatan yang bertindak sebagai pihak
yang memberikan ijin melaksanakan suatu
pekerjaan yang menyangkut tempat, alat atau
lingkungan
Issuing Authority adalah :
Pengawas Operasi
Shift superintendent
Kepala pabrik
Pengawas instalasi dll
Issuing Authority Pemberi Ijin
Yaitu pihak operasi atau pengawas
daerah/peralatan yang bertindak sebagai pihak
yang memberikan ijin melaksanakan suatu
pekerjaan yang menyangkut tempat, alat atau
lingkungan
Issuing Authority adalah :
Pengawas Operasi
Shift superintendent
Kepala pabrik
Pengawas instalasi dll
Sistem Ijin Kerja
Issuing Authority Pemberi Ijin
Tugas dan tanggungjawab
Memebebaskan semua perlatan dan proses
yang berkaitan dengan pekerjaan dari
semua sumber bahaya dan energi sehingga
aman untuk dikerjakan.
Mengamankan peralatan, tempat kerja dan
proses untuk keamanan pekerjaan,
termasuk memasang sorokan,
membersihkan alat, menyetop kegiatan
sementara waktu, melakukan isolasi sumber
energi dsb.
Issuing Authority Pemberi Ijin
Tugas dan tanggungjawab
Memebebaskan semua perlatan dan proses
yang berkaitan dengan pekerjaan dari
semua sumber bahaya dan energi sehingga
aman untuk dikerjakan.
Mengamankan peralatan, tempat kerja dan
proses untuk keamanan pekerjaan,
termasuk memasang sorokan,
membersihkan alat, menyetop kegiatan
sementara waktu, melakukan isolasi sumber
energi dsb.
Sistem Ijin Kerja
Performing Authority Penerima ijin
Yaitu pihak yang melaksanakan
pekerjaan yang menyangkut suatu alat,
tempat kerja atau fasilitas
Pelaksanaa Pekerjaan :
Bagian pemeliharaan
Bagian teknik sipil, listrik atau mekanik
Pekerja telekomunikasi
Pekerja pembersihan dll
Performing Authority Penerima ijin
Yaitu pihak yang melaksanakan
pekerjaan yang menyangkut suatu alat,
tempat kerja atau fasilitas
Pelaksanaa Pekerjaan :
Bagian pemeliharaan
Bagian teknik sipil, listrik atau mekanik
Pekerja telekomunikasi
Pekerja pembersihan dll
Sistem Ijin Kerja
Performing Authority Penerima ijin
Tugas dan tanggung jawab :
Melaksanakan pekerjaan dilakukan
dengan cara yang aman menyangkut
pekerja, peralatan dan metoda
pelaksanaan.
Mematuhi semua rekomendasi yang
dikeliuarkan oleh pemberi ijin dan bagian
K3
Mengawasoi secara langsung selama
kegiatan kerja berlangsung dan segera
mengambil tindakan jika ditemukan
kondisi berbahaya
Performing Authority Penerima ijin
Tugas dan tanggung jawab :
Melaksanakan pekerjaan dilakukan
dengan cara yang aman menyangkut
pekerja, peralatan dan metoda
pelaksanaan.
Mematuhi semua rekomendasi yang
dikeliuarkan oleh pemberi ijin dan bagian
K3
Mengawasoi secara langsung selama
kegiatan kerja berlangsung dan segera
mengambil tindakan jika ditemukan
kondisi berbahaya
Sistem Ijin Kerja
Unsur Pengawas Keselamatan
Yaitu pihak yang bertanggungjawab
memberikan saran dan petunjuk serta
pengawasan keselamatan selama
pekerjaan berlangsung
Unsur pengawasan terdiri atas :
Fungsi K3 perusahaan
Fungsi Listrik
Fungsi Inspeksi
Fungsi Telekomunikasi
Dll yang diperlukan
Unsur Pengawas Keselamatan
Yaitu pihak yang bertanggungjawab
memberikan saran dan petunjuk serta
pengawasan keselamatan selama
pekerjaan berlangsung
Unsur pengawasan terdiri atas :
Fungsi K3 perusahaan
Fungsi Listrik
Fungsi Inspeksi
Fungsi Telekomunikasi
Dll yang diperlukan
Sistem Ijin Kerja
Unsur Pengawas Keselamatan
Tugas dan tanggungjawab
Melaksanakan monitoring selama
pekerjaan berlangsung
Meneliti dan meyakinkan bahwa semua
syarat keselamatan telah dipenuhi
Memberikan rekomendasi cara kerja yang
aman
Melaksanakan pengetesan gas
berbahaya
Menghentikan pekerjaan jika dinilai
kondisi keselamatan tidak terjamin atau
terjadi pelanggaran prosedur
Unsur Pengawas Keselamatan
Tugas dan tanggungjawab
Melaksanakan monitoring selama
pekerjaan berlangsung
Meneliti dan meyakinkan bahwa semua
syarat keselamatan telah dipenuhi
Memberikan rekomendasi cara kerja yang
aman
Melaksanakan pengetesan gas
berbahaya
Menghentikan pekerjaan jika dinilai
kondisi keselamatan tidak terjamin atau
terjadi pelanggaran prosedur
Ijin Kerja Panas
Semua pekerjaan yang menggunakan atau
menimbulkan energi panas atau bunga api yang
memiliki cukup energi untuk proses pembakaran.
Jenis pekerjaan panas :
Pengelasan
merokok, menyalakan api dapur,, korek api
Menghidupkan kendaraan dengan internal
combustion engine di daerah berbahaya gas
sand blasting
Penggunaan alat pneumatik
Peralatan listrik
dll
Semua pekerjaan yang menggunakan atau
menimbulkan energi panas atau bunga api yang
memiliki cukup energi untuk proses pembakaran.
Jenis pekerjaan panas :
Pengelasan
merokok, menyalakan api dapur,, korek api
Menghidupkan kendaraan dengan internal
combustion engine di daerah berbahaya gas
sand blasting
Penggunaan alat pneumatik
Peralatan listrik
dll
Ijin Kerja Panas
Persyaratan Utama
Harus bebas gas (gas free)
Bebas dari sumber bahaya dari
lingkungan, minimal dalam radius 25
meter
Dilaksanakan pemeriksaan gas secara
berkala
Persyaratan Utama
Harus bebas gas (gas free)
Bebas dari sumber bahaya dari
lingkungan, minimal dalam radius 25
meter
Dilaksanakan pemeriksaan gas secara
berkala
Ijin Kerja Panas
Tindakan pengamanan (safety precaution)
Memeriksa kondisi gas berbahaya setiap
saat
Mengisolir dan mengamankan semua
sumber bahan bakar seperti perpipaan,
parit terbuka, venting dsb
Memasang tirai air untuk pengamanan
sumber panas
Tindakan pengamanan (safety precaution)
Memeriksa kondisi gas berbahaya setiap
saat
Mengisolir dan mengamankan semua
sumber bahan bakar seperti perpipaan,
parit terbuka, venting dsb
Memasang tirai air untuk pengamanan
sumber panas
Ijin Kerja Dingin
Semua pekerjaan yang tidak menggunakan
sumber panas atau tidak diperkenankan
menimbulkan sumber panas.
Jenis pekerjaan Dingin :
Menggunakan martil besi didaerah gas (tindakan anti
bunga api)
Mengecat di daerah berbahaya
Perbaikan pompa atau peralatan proses yang sedang
beroperasi
Menggali di daerah unit proses
dll
Semua pekerjaan yang tidak menggunakan
sumber panas atau tidak diperkenankan
menimbulkan sumber panas.
Jenis pekerjaan Dingin :
Menggunakan martil besi didaerah gas (tindakan anti
bunga api)
Mengecat di daerah berbahaya
Perbaikan pompa atau peralatan proses yang sedang
beroperasi
Menggali di daerah unit proses
dll
Ijin Kerja Dingin
Persyaratan
Tidak boleh timbul sumber api (percikan, bunga api
dsb)
Harus dilakukan tindakan anti bunga api, misalnya
dengan membasahkan peralatan dengan air,
penggunaan martil tembaga atau kuningan dsb
Diperlukan tindakan waspada karena adanya sumber
gas berbahaya tidak dapat dikendalikan misalnya
bekerja di lingkungan unit proses yang sedang
beroperasi
Semua peralatan kerja harus diamankan dari
kemungkinan terjadinya percikan bunga api.
Persyaratan
Tidak boleh timbul sumber api (percikan, bunga api
dsb)
Harus dilakukan tindakan anti bunga api, misalnya
dengan membasahkan peralatan dengan air,
penggunaan martil tembaga atau kuningan dsb
Diperlukan tindakan waspada karena adanya sumber
gas berbahaya tidak dapat dikendalikan misalnya
bekerja di lingkungan unit proses yang sedang
beroperasi
Semua peralatan kerja harus diamankan dari
kemungkinan terjadinya percikan bunga api.
Ijin Kerja Ruang Tertutup
Bekerja di lingkungan dengan kadar oksigen tidak
memadai
Contoh :
Masuk dan bekerja dalam tangki bekas berisi bahan
cair mudah terbakar
Bekerja dalam ruangan dengan ventiliasi terbatas
Bekerja di lingkungan dengan kadar oksigen tidak
memadai
Contoh :
Masuk dan bekerja dalam tangki bekas berisi bahan
cair mudah terbakar
Bekerja dalam ruangan dengan ventiliasi terbatas
Ijin Kerja Penggalian
Diperlukan untuk pekerjaan yang
melakukan galian tanah :
Penggalian jalur pipa
Penggalian tanah untuk konstruksi
dll
Safe Work Permits Safe Work Permits
Excavations may expose hazardous materials, which have leaked and are
contaminating the soil.
Permits ensure that procedures to protect workers from exposure to toxic
substances have been identified.
Ijin Kerja Listrik
Untuk melindungi pekerjaan yang
menggunakan peralatan listrik atau
bekerja pada lingkungan peralatan atau
sarana pembangkit dan penyalur listrik
PREPARATION OF
WORKPERMIT
PREPARATION OF THE EQUIPMENT
Equipment electrically isolated
Inspection tested(for cold & hot job)
Isolated from steam,air & gas
Depressurized
Drained
Positively isolated/blinded
Steamed & water flushed
Equipment electrically isolated
Inspection tested(for cold & hot job)
Isolated from steam,air & gas
Depressurized
Drained
Positively isolated/blinded
Steamed & water flushed
PREPARATION OF EQUIP. CONTD.
Ventilated & gas freed
Continuous inert gas flow / continuous
adequate ventilation arranged.
Vehicle/equipment in good condition with
spark arrested
Radiation source removed(Confined space
entry)
Ventilated & gas freed
Continuous inert gas flow / continuous
adequate ventilation arranged.
Vehicle/equipment in good condition with
spark arrested
Radiation source removed(Confined space
entry)
PREPARATION OF EQUIP. CONTD.
Ventilated & gas freed
Continuous inert gas flow / continuous
adequate ventilation arranged.
Vehicle/equipment in good condition with
spark arrested
Radiation source removed(Confined space
entry)
Ventilated & gas freed
Continuous inert gas flow / continuous
adequate ventilation arranged.
Vehicle/equipment in good condition with
spark arrested
Radiation source removed(Confined space
entry)
RESIDUAL HAZARDS
Lack of oxygen
H2S and/or any other toxic gases
Combustible gases
Corrosive chemicals
Steam / Condensate
Pyrophoric iron
High humidity
Lack of oxygen
H2S and/or any other toxic gases
Combustible gases
Corrosive chemicals
Steam / Condensate
Pyrophoric iron
High humidity
RESIDUAL HAZARDS
Lack of oxygen
H2S and/or any other toxic gases
Combustible gases
Corrosive chemicals
Steam / Condensate
Pyrophoric iron
High humidity
Lack of oxygen
H2S and/or any other toxic gases
Combustible gases
Corrosive chemicals
Steam / Condensate
Pyrophoric iron
High humidity
PROTECTION MEASURES
Protective clothing
Hearing protection
Safety Harness
Eye protection
Face protection
Respiratory protection
Keep fire equipment stand-by
Protective clothing
Hearing protection
Safety Harness
Eye protection
Face protection
Respiratory protection
Keep fire equipment stand-by
PROTECTIVE MEASURES CONTD.
Barricade the area
Remove flammable and combustible
Cover with fire retardant tarpaulin
Crane with basket stand-by
Attendance with Airline set
keep man ways open
Allow minimum possible no. of persons inside
confined space
Barricade the area
Remove flammable and combustible
Cover with fire retardant tarpaulin
Crane with basket stand-by
Attendance with Airline set
keep man ways open
Allow minimum possible no. of persons inside
confined space
PROTECTIVE MEASURES
CONTD.
To ensure positive isolation & maintain it
all through
Ensure adequate ventilation all through
Display copy of entry permit near entry
manhole
To ensure positive isolation & maintain it
all through
Ensure adequate ventilation all through
Display copy of entry permit near entry
manhole
GAS TEST FOR WORK PERMIT
Why gas test is required ?
Most of the gases are unwanted
Hazards involved -
Flammability(Fire & Explosion)
Toxicity(health hazard)
Oxygen Deficiency
Why gas test is required ?
Most of the gases are unwanted
Hazards involved -
Flammability(Fire & Explosion)
Toxicity(health hazard)
Oxygen Deficiency
Common flammable gases/liquids in
refinery are -
All petroleum products,Crude and
intermediates
Hydrogen
LPG
Common toxic gases in refinery -
H2S, CO,NH3,CL2, etc.
GAS TEST FOR WORK PERMIT
Common flammable gases/liquids in
refinery are -
All petroleum products,Crude and
intermediates
Hydrogen
LPG
Common toxic gases in refinery -
H2S, CO,NH3,CL2, etc.
COMMON TERMINOLOGIES :
For flammable substances:
Flash Point :
Minimum temp. at which a liquid gives off
sufficient vapor to form an ignitable mix. It
will give a flash, flame will not continue.
Auto Ignition Temp.:
The lowest temp. to which a substance will
ignite without a spark or flame.
GAS TEST FOR WORK PERMIT
COMMON TERMINOLOGIES :
For flammable substances:
Flash Point :
Minimum temp. at which a liquid gives off
sufficient vapor to form an ignitable mix. It
will give a flash, flame will not continue.
Auto Ignition Temp.:
The lowest temp. to which a substance will
ignite without a spark or flame.
Explosive limit :
The concentration range of vapor in
air when propagation of
flame(ignition) occurs in presence of
an ignition source.
LEL (Lower Explosive Limit) :
The minimum concentration of vapor
to air required to propagate(ignite)
flame.
GAS TEST FOR WORK PERMIT
Explosive limit :
The concentration range of vapor in
air when propagation of
flame(ignition) occurs in presence of
an ignition source.
LEL (Lower Explosive Limit) :
The minimum concentration of vapor
to air required to propagate(ignite)
flame.
UEL(Upper Explosive Limit) :
The maximum vapor to air conc.above
which propagation of a flame will not
occur(will not ignite).
GAS TEST FOR WORK PERMIT
Material LEL UEL F Pt.(C) AIT(C)
Hydrogen 4 75 Gas 585
Methane 5 15 Gas 538
Propane 2 9.5 - 104 466
Naphtha 1.1 5.9 - 18 288
ATK/ATF 0.7 5.0 35-50 210
Diesel 0.7 5.0 32-96 256
Fuel Oil 1 5.0 66 262-407
GAS TEST FOR WORK PERMIT
Material LEL UEL F Pt.(C) AIT(C)
Hydrogen 4 75 Gas 585
Methane 5 15 Gas 538
Propane 2 9.5 - 104 466
Naphtha 1.1 5.9 - 18 288
ATK/ATF 0.7 5.0 35-50 210
Diesel 0.7 5.0 32-96 256
Fuel Oil 1 5.0 66 262-407
GAS TEST CONTD.
Toxic substances :
TLV (Threshold Limit Value / PEL(Permissible
Exposure Limit) :
The maximum permissible conc. of a toxic
substance to which exposure of a person will
have no adverse effect on health for working 8
hrs per day.
STEL(Short Term Exposure Limit) :
Maximum conc. to which worker can be exposed
for a period of 15 mins. without any adverse
effect to health.
Toxic substances :
TLV (Threshold Limit Value / PEL(Permissible
Exposure Limit) :
The maximum permissible conc. of a toxic
substance to which exposure of a person will
have no adverse effect on health for working 8
hrs per day.
STEL(Short Term Exposure Limit) :
Maximum conc. to which worker can be exposed
for a period of 15 mins. without any adverse
effect to health.
GAS TEST CONTD.
IDLH(Immediate Danger to Life & Health)
A maximum conc. from which one can
escape within 30 mins. without irreversible
health effect.
HYDROGEN SULPHIDE (H2S)
Highly toxic, combustible, colorless.
Smells like rotten egg.
IDLH(Immediate Danger to Life & Health)
A maximum conc. from which one can
escape within 30 mins. without irreversible
health effect.
HYDROGEN SULPHIDE (H2S)
Highly toxic, combustible, colorless.
Smells like rotten egg.
GAS TEST - H2S
EFFECTS ON HUMAN BODY
PHYSICAL EFFECT CONC.(PPM)
Can be smelled as rotten egg 0.13
TLV 10
STEL 15
Smelling sense will dry within 150 - 200
2 mins, burning sensation in
eye & throat
EFFECTS ON HUMAN BODY
PHYSICAL EFFECT CONC.(PPM)
Can be smelled as rotten egg 0.13
TLV 10
STEL 15
Smelling sense will dry within 150 - 200
2 mins, burning sensation in
eye & throat
GAS TEST - H2S CONTD.
PHYSICAL EFFECT CONC(PPM)
IDLH(Loss of smelling sense, 300
heavy breathing, dizziness,
headache,and total collapse
within 1 to 4 Hrs)
Dizziness,headache,lungs 450
problem and total collapse within 30 to
60 mins.
PHYSICAL EFFECT CONC(PPM)
IDLH(Loss of smelling sense, 300
heavy breathing, dizziness,
headache,and total collapse
within 1 to 4 Hrs)
Dizziness,headache,lungs 450
problem and total collapse within 30 to
60 mins.
GAS TEST-H2S CONTD.
PHYSICAL EFFECT CONC(PPM)
Slow down of heart beats, 700
heavy breathing with coughing,
then death, if not rescued
Fatal emergency over 700
Explosive limits : 4.6 to 46%, it gives blue flame
when ignited.
PHYSICAL EFFECT CONC(PPM)
Slow down of heart beats, 700
heavy breathing with coughing,
then death, if not rescued
Fatal emergency over 700
Explosive limits : 4.6 to 46%, it gives blue flame
when ignited.
GAS TEST-H2S CONTD.
FIRST AID :
IF INHALED -
Remove exposed person to fresh air and
administer oxygen immediately.
PROTECTION:
Use fresh air mask in case conc. exceeds
10 PPM
FIRST AID :
IF INHALED -
Remove exposed person to fresh air and
administer oxygen immediately.
PROTECTION:
Use fresh air mask in case conc. exceeds
10 PPM
TOXIC GAS - CO
TOXIC AS WELL AS FLAMMABLE
TLV - 50 PPM
STEL - 400 PPM
IDLH - 1500 PPM
LEL - 12.5%
UEL - 74 %
TOXIC AS WELL AS FLAMMABLE
TLV - 50 PPM
STEL - 400 PPM
IDLH - 1500 PPM
LEL - 12.5%
UEL - 74 %
GAS TEST - CO
HEALTH HAZARDS:
CO combines with hemoglobin of blood and
make it unable to carry oxygen.
Symptoms : Headache, dizziness to
unconscious and ultimately death.
First Aid :
Remove to fresh air and apply oxygen at the
earliest.
HEALTH HAZARDS:
CO combines with hemoglobin of blood and
make it unable to carry oxygen.
Symptoms : Headache, dizziness to
unconscious and ultimately death.
First Aid :
Remove to fresh air and apply oxygen at the
earliest.
OTHER TOXIC GASES
TOXIC GAS TLV STEL IDLH
NH3 25 35 -
SO2 2 5 -
CL2 0.5 1 30
TOXIC GAS TLV STEL IDLH
NH3 25 35 -
SO2 2 5 -
CL2 0.5 1 30
GAS TEST CONTD.
For hot work the gas test results shall be :
Combustible - Below 1 % LEL
( Preferably NIL)
For confined space entry :
Oxygen - 19.5% minimum
Combustible - 10 % LEL Max.
Toxic gases - below TLV
For hot work the gas test results shall be :
Combustible - Below 1 % LEL
( Preferably NIL)
For confined space entry :
Oxygen - 19.5% minimum
Combustible - 10 % LEL Max.
Toxic gases - below TLV
GAS TEST CONTD.
Confined space With BA protection :
Combustible - 20% of LEL maximum
H2S - Less than 100 PPM
CO - Less than 500 PPM
However, no hot job can be carried out
inside the confined space at this
condition.
Confined space With BA protection :
Combustible - 20% of LEL maximum
H2S - Less than 100 PPM
CO - Less than 500 PPM
However, no hot job can be carried out
inside the confined space at this
condition.
WORKS NEED GAS TEST
Gas tests are required for all hot
work/vehicle entry and confined space
entry permits & some cold permits also.
Issuing authority shall determine the
requirement of gas test & frequency of
re-checking.
Trained Gas tester only shall carry out
the test.
Gas tests are required for all hot
work/vehicle entry and confined space
entry permits & some cold permits also.
Issuing authority shall determine the
requirement of gas test & frequency of
re-checking.
Trained Gas tester only shall carry out
the test.
RESPONSIBILIES OF GAS
TESTING AUTHORITY
To check & confirm that the gas
testing instrument is working in
perfect condition before proceeding
for the area/equipment
To carry out gas test at all critical
locations/positions
To advise on safe method to work
inside/at the location i.e., further
gas freeing , use of PPE etc.
To check & confirm that the gas
testing instrument is working in
perfect condition before proceeding
for the area/equipment
To carry out gas test at all critical
locations/positions
To advise on safe method to work
inside/at the location i.e., further
gas freeing , use of PPE etc.
ELECTRICAL ISOLATION
Before issuing a Work Permit, it is
essential to ensure that the equipment /
facility to be worked on is electrically
safe and electrical power is isolated to
the extent necessary for the safe
conduct of the authorized work.
Issuing, Executing authorities and
Electrical Maintenance shall jointly
decide the extent of isolation required.
Before issuing a Work Permit, it is
essential to ensure that the equipment /
facility to be worked on is electrically
safe and electrical power is isolated to
the extent necessary for the safe
conduct of the authorized work.
Issuing, Executing authorities and
Electrical Maintenance shall jointly
decide the extent of isolation required.
SPECIAL REQUIREMENT FOR -
WORKING WITH RADIOGRAPHY
Risk assessment through checklist
Barricade the area and provide adequate warning
signs.
Film badges and Dosimeters shall be worn by
personnel handling radiography equip.
job preferably during night time or with least or no
person around.
Continuous monitoring of cordoned off area
SPECIAL REQUIREMENT FOR -
WORKING WITH RADIOGRAPHY
Risk assessment through checklist
Barricade the area and provide adequate warning
signs.
Film badges and Dosimeters shall be worn by
personnel handling radiography equip.
job preferably during night time or with least or no
person around.
Continuous monitoring of cordoned off area
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR HOT WORK
The person who authorizes the Hot Work
Permit is responsible for ensuring that the site
and the equipment are properly prepared to
prevent the danger of fire & explosion involving
flammable material.
The equipment shall be emptied and cleaned
of flammable materials and isolated from
sources of hydrocarbons by means of
disconnection, blanking or insertion of blinds.
The person who authorizes the Hot Work
Permit is responsible for ensuring that the site
and the equipment are properly prepared to
prevent the danger of fire & explosion involving
flammable material.
The equipment shall be emptied and cleaned
of flammable materials and isolated from
sources of hydrocarbons by means of
disconnection, blanking or insertion of blinds.
Equipment and surrounding areas shall be checked
to ensure that they are free from any combustible
gas.Carry out gas test.
Any heavy oil deposit, dried vegetation or other
flammable / combustible materials within 8 m of a hot
work site shall be cleared away.
No hot work shall be allowed within a radius of 15 m
of any sample point, drain or relief valve outlet unless
precautions have been taken to prevent the escape
of flammable liquids and vapors.
Equipment and surrounding areas shall be checked
to ensure that they are free from any combustible
gas.Carry out gas test.
Any heavy oil deposit, dried vegetation or other
flammable / combustible materials within 8 m of a hot
work site shall be cleared away.
No hot work shall be allowed within a radius of 15 m
of any sample point, drain or relief valve outlet unless
precautions have been taken to prevent the escape
of flammable liquids and vapors.
The outlet of all units drain seals within 15 m of the
hot work shall be plugged.
If welding or grinding is to be done at height, then
precautions shall be taken to prevent the spread of
sparks and molten metal to the surrounding of the
work area with fire-resisting or flame-retarding
tarpaulin.
A hose capable of reaching up to the hot work point
and connected to fire water main.
Fire Station (333/5989) shall be informed of hot
work.
The outlet of all units drain seals within 15 m of the
hot work shall be plugged.
If welding or grinding is to be done at height, then
precautions shall be taken to prevent the spread of
sparks and molten metal to the surrounding of the
work area with fire-resisting or flame-retarding
tarpaulin.
A hose capable of reaching up to the hot work point
and connected to fire water main.
Fire Station (333/5989) shall be informed of hot
work.
VALIDITY OF PERMIT
Work permit shall be initially issued for a
period of 8 hrs. and shall be renewed for
one more shift .
On need basis , permit can be given for
max. 7 days period.
Clearance to be obtained every shift.
Clearance to be given after physically
checking the site.
Work permit shall be initially issued for a
period of 8 hrs. and shall be renewed for
one more shift .
On need basis , permit can be given for
max. 7 days period.
Clearance to be obtained every shift.
Clearance to be given after physically
checking the site.

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