Gambar..Gambar Tangga
Perhitungan Tangga
2
1. Diambil = 3
= 0,666
= 33,69 ( )
/ = 0,666
= 0,666
2. Ketentuan Umum
2xO+A = 61 65 diambil = 65
2 x (0,666 x A) + A = 65
(2,333)A = 65
A = 65 / (2,333)
A = 27,85 = 28 Cm
O = (65 A)/2
= (65 - 28)/2
= 18,5 cm
200
Jumlah Optride = 18.5
= 11Buah
Jumlah Aptride = (11) 1
= (10) buah
Panjang mendatar tangga = (10) x A
= (10) x 28
= (280) cm
Bentang Pelat Bordes = (450) (280)
= (170) cm
1 2
= 2 +
2
1
= (30000)2 + (4000)2
2
= (4123,106)
= [0,4 + ]
20 700
(4123,106) (360)
= [0,4 + ]
20 700
= 188,48 ; 190
t = h + hr
= 190 + 105,39
= 242,695 mm
= 243 mm
6. Pembebanan
a. Pelat Tangga (Lebar 1,2 m)
Beban mati :
Beban Pelat tangga = 0,12 x 1,2 x 2400 = 547,2 Kg/m
Beban Tegel (t = 2 cm) = 0,02 x 1,2 x 2400 = 57,6 Kg/m
Beban spesi (t = 1 cm) = 0,01 x 1,2 x 2100 = 25,2 Kg/m
Beban mati = 630 Kg/m
6,18 KN/m
Beban Hidup :
Beban hidup tangga untuk gedung perkuliahan = 250 kg/m2
250 kg/m2 x 1,2 m = 300 kg/m2
5,395 KN/m
b. Pelat Bordes (lebar 2,4 m)
Beban mati :
Beban sendiri pelat = 0,12 x 2,4 x 2400 = 691,2 Kg/m
Beban Tegel (t = 2 cm) = 0,02 x 2,4 x 2400 = 115,2 Kg/m
Beban spesi (t = 1 cm) = 0,01 x 2,4 x 2100 = 50,4 Kg/m
Beban mati = 856,8 Kg/m
8,4052 KN/m
Beban Hidup :
Beban hidup tangga untuk gedung perkuliahan = 250 kg/m2
250 kg/m2 x 2,4 m = 600 kg/m2
8,338 KN/m
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
+ ( )
= 2
= =
. ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
( )
= 2
= =
. ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
0 = 15 + 0,3 () = 15 + 0,3 ( . ) = ( )
> 0 ( ) > ( ) . . ()
Sehingga M2
Dihtung dengan cara :
2 = (15 + ( )) = (( ) ( )) =
( . ) = ( )
Menurut diagram nomogram portal dengan pengaku (tembok bata) difapat nilai k = ()
Jika jari jari putaran portal kolom ( radius Of Gyration)
r = 0,3 . h kolom = 0,3 . () = ()mm, maka :
. 1
< 34 12.
2
( ). ( ) ( )
< 34 12. 24 > ( )
( ) ( )
Maka termasuk kolom langsing ( pengaruh kelangsingan dapat diabaikan)
a. Perencanaan tulangan lentur kolom
( )
= = = ( ) < = 27
( )
Sehingga keruntuhan kolom adalah keruntuhan Tarik
Analisis terhadap beban yang bekerja dengan factor reduksi.
= 0,65
( )
= = = ( )
. ( )
( )
= = = ( )
0,85 ( ) ( )
2 ( ) 2 ( )
= = ( )
2 2 ( )
( )
1 = 1 = ( )
( )
2 2 2
= 0,85 . . . . [ [ ] 2 . [1 ]]
2. 2.
2 2 2
= 0,85 . . . . [ [ ] 2 . [1 ]]
2. 2.
= ( )
= = 0,65 ( ) = ( ) > = ( ) !
1
= 2 ( 1 + ) , 6 . .
14 .
= ( )
= 0,65 ( ) = ( ) > = ( )
Maka tidak diperlukan tulangan geser
C. PERHITUNGAN SLOOF
Data ( dari perhitungan SAP 2000 frame 72)
Maksimum (M3 mak) dari seluruh Sloof
+ =
=
Diketahui dari soal :
=
=
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
+ ( )
= 2
= =
. ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
( )
= 2
= =
. ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
1
= 0,6 6 . .
1
= 0,6 ( ). ( ) . ( )
6
= ( )
0,5 = ( ) < = ( )
D. PERHITUNGAN PONDASI
1. Perhitungan Gaya Dalam Pada Pondasi
Gambar penampang pondasi
Diketahui dari soal :
Daya Dukung Tahah () = () Kg/cm2
Berat Volume Tanah (s) = () KN/m3
Berat Volume Beton (c) = () KN/m3
Kedalaman Tanah keras = () m
Mutu Beton (Fc) = () MPa
Mutu Baja (Fy) = () MPa
Dimensi Kolom = x mm
Beban normal kolom dari hasil SAP = () KN
Dari table rasio maksimum tulangan pokok diperoleh :
min = ( )
= ( )
Daya Dukung Tanah , Netto (n)
= +
= ( ) + ( )
= ( )/2
=
= ( ) + ( )
= ( )/2
( )
( )
= ( )2
= ((0,5 ) (0,5 ) )
= ((0,5 ( )) (0,5 ( )) ) ( )
= ( )2 = ( )2
=
= ( ) ( )
= ( )
1
= 0,6 6 . .
1
= 0,6 ( ). ( ) . ( )
6
= ( )
= 0,65 ( ) = ( ) > = ( ) !
=
= ( ) ( )
= ( )
= 0,65 ( ) = ( ) = ( ) !
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
( )
= = =
( )
+ ( )
= = =
. 2 ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
= = ( )
( ) ( )
= 0,85 . . . = 0,85 . ( ). ( ). = ( ).
= . = ( ). ( ) = ( )
= ( ) = ( )
( )
= = ( )
( )
=
= ( ) ( )
= ( )
1
= . . . 2
2
1
= ( ). ( ) . ( ). ( )2
2
= ( )
( )
= = = ( )/
( )
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
+ ( )
= = =
. 2 ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
( )
4
= [ ]
( )
= ( . ) ( )
Digunakan pada daerah tekan , db = () mm
Ldb tidak boleh kurang dari = 0,04 x db x fy
= 0,04 x () x ()
= ()mm
DiambilLdb = () mm
Taulangan lebih =
(.)
= (.)
= (.)
Momen Nomnal
+
+ ( . )
= = =
0,8 0,8
( . )
= = =
0,8 0,8
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
+ ( )
= 2
= =
. ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
=
2
( )
= (. . ) (. . ) ( )
2
= ( )
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
( )
= = =
. 2 ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
1
= 0,6 6 . .
1
= 0,6 ( ). ( ) . ( )
6
= ( )
0,5 = ( ) < = ( )
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
Mntx ( )
= 2
= =
. ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
Cek Kapasitas
= 0,85 . . . = 0,85 . ( ). ( ). = ( ).
= . = ( ). ( ) = ( )
= ( ) = ( )
( )
= = ( )
( )
= [ ] = [ ] . 106 = ( )
2 2
= ( ) > + ( ). OK!!!!!
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
Mnty ( )
= 2
= =
. ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
Cek Kapasitas
= 0,85 . . . = 0,85 . ( ). ( ). = ( ).
= . = ( ). ( ) = ( )
= ( ) = ( )
( )
= = ( )
( )
= [ ] = [ ] . 106 = ( )
2 2
= ( ) > + ( ). OK!!!!!
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
MnIx ( )
= 2
= =
. ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
Cek Kapasitas
= 0,85 . . . = 0,85 . ( ). ( ). = ( ).
= . = ( ). ( ) = ( )
= ( ) = ( )
( )
= = ( )
( )
= [ ] = [ ] . 106 = ( )
2 2
+
= ( ) > ( ). OK!!!!!
MnIy ( )
= 2
= =
. ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
= . .
3) Starat pelat tanpa sengkang, Vu Vc
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) .
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
Mnt ( )
= 2
= =
. ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
Cek Kapasitas
= 0,85 . . . = 0,85 . ( ). ( ). = ( ).
= . = ( ). ( ) = ( )
= ( ) = ( )
( )
= = ( )
( )
= [ ] = [ ] . 106 = ( )
2 2
+
= ( ) > ( ). OK!!!!!
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
Mnty ( )
= = =
. 2 ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
MnIx ( )
= 2
= =
. ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
Cek Kapasitas
= 0,85 . . . = 0,85 . ( ). ( ). = ( ).
= . = ( ). ( ) = ( )
= ( ) = ( )
( )
= = ( )
( )
= [ ] = [ ] . 106 = ( )
2 2
+
= ( ) > ( ). OK!!!!!
MnIy ( )
= 2
= =
. ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
Momen nominal
+ ( . )
+
= =
0,8 0,8
( . )
= =
0,8 0,8
Tinggi efektif, jika selimut beton () mm dan tulangan utama db = ()mm
=
2
( )
= (. . ) (. . )
2
= ( )
Cek Terhadap tulangan geser
Untuk komponen yang dibebani geser dan lentur
1
= 0,6 . .
6
1
= 0,6 ( ). ( ). ( )
6
= ( )
Vu Vu
0,8 x ( )KN ( ) .
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
+ ( )
= 2
= =
. ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
( )
= 2
= =
. ( ). ( )
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
d = O h selimut = () () = () mm
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
( )
= = =
. 2 ( ). ( )
1,4 1,4
= = =
( . . )
1 600
= 0,85 =[ ]
600 +
( ) ( ) 600
= 0,85 =[ ] =
( ) 600 + ( )
= 0,75 = .
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
Momen nominal
+ ( . )
+ = =
0,8 0,8
( . )
= =
0,8 0,8
( )
= = =
. 2 ( ). ( )
1,4 1,4
= = =
( . . )
1 600
= 0,85 =[ ]
600 +
( ) ( ) 600
= 0,85 =[ ] =
( ) 600 + ( )
= 0,75 = .
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
Plat Bordes
1. Beban Hidup : 0,5 x 3,3 x L Bordes = 0,5 x 3,3 x () = () KN
2. Beban Mati
Penutup Lantai tebal 2 cm = 0,02 x 3,5 x 22,5 x 0,5 = () KN
Spesi semen tebal 1 cm = 0,01 x 3,5 x 21 x 0,5 = () KN
Pelat bordes tebal 206 mm = 0,206 x 3,5 x 22,5 x 0,5 = () KN
Balok Bordes (120 x 120 mm = 0,120 x 0,120 x 22,5 x 0,5 = () KN
Beban Mati = () KN
Rekapitulasi :
Q1 = 1,2 () + 1,6 () = () KN/m
Q2 = 1,2 () + 1,6 () = () KN/m +
Qu Total = () KN/m
Gambar Gambar pelat Bordes
Momen yang Terjadi :
1
= 2
24
1
= ( ) (. . )2
24
= ( )/
1
= 2
12
1
= ( ) (. . )2
12
= ( )/
1
= 2
2
1
= ( ) (. . )2
2
= ( )/
( )
= = =
0,85 . ( ). ( )
( )
= 2
= =
. ( ). ( )
1,4 1,4
= = =
( . . )
1 600
= 0,85 =[ ]
600 +
( ) ( ) 600
= 0,85 =[ ] =
( ) 600 + ( )
= 0,75 = .
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
( )
= = =
. 2 ( ). ( )
1,4 1,4
= = =
( . . )
1 600
= 0,85 =[ ]
600 +
( ) ( ) 600
= 0,85 =[ ] =
( ) 600 + ( )
= 0,75 = .
1 2. . 1 2. ( ). ( )
= [1 1 ]= [1 1 ] =
( ) ( )
b. Pembebanan arah y y
1) Beban terbagi Merata
Qy = Qt x cos
= 74,402 kg/m x cos 40
= 56, 99 kg/m
2) Beban Hidup terpusat
Dari PBI tahun 1983 :
Beban Hidup Terpusat (P) = 100 kg
Py = P x cos
= 100 kg x cos 40
= 76,60 kg
1 1
My max = x Qy x L2 + x Py x L
8 4
1 1
Mx max = x (56,99 kgm) x ((2,8 m)2 ) + x (76,60 kg) x (2,8 m)
8 4
Mx max = 109, 4702kg. m = 1097,02kg. cm
+ 2400 /2
9185,26 . 10947,02 .
+ 2400 /2
38,0 3 10,1 3
1325.581 2 2400/2
A. KONTROL LENDUTAN
Dari SNI
Batas Lendutan maksimum (Hal 15 dari 183)
Komponen struktur dengan beban tidak terfaktor Beban tetap
1. Balok pemikul dinding atau finishing yang 1/360
getas
2. Balok biasa 1/360
Dengan beban tetap adalah beban mati dan beban hidup.
Lendutan Arah x x :
Qx = 47,82 Kg/m = 0,4782kg/cm
Px = 64,27 kg
L = 2,8 m = 280 cm
Ix = 238 cm4
E = 3,6 x 106 kg/cm2
Mx = 9185,26 kg.m
5 4 1 3
= +
384 48
5 (0,4782) (280)4 1 64,27 (280)3
= +
384 (3,6 106 ) 238 48 (3,6 106 ) 238
= 0,0789
Lendutan Arah y y :
Qy = 56,99 Kg/m = 0,5699kg/cm
Py = 76,60 kg
L = 2,8 m = 280 cm
Iy = 33,5 cm4
E = 3,6 x 106 kg/cm2
My = 10947,02 kg.m
5 4 1 3
= +
384 48
5 (0,5699) (280)4 1 76,60 (280)3
= +
384 3,6 106 33,5 48 3,6 106 33,5
= 0,6686
Untuk Asumsi :
a. Balok pemikul dinding atau finishing yang getas
= 2 + 2
360
280
= (0,0789)2 + (0,6686)2
360
= 0,6733 0,778 . .
b. Balok biasa
= 2 + 2
240
280
= (0,0789)2 + (0,6686)2
240
= 0,6733 0,778 . .
1 = <
125
1 = < 50 OK.
20
1 = 6,25 50 OK.
< 1,25
2800 50
< 1,25
125 4,5
22,4 < 13,88 .
Penampang tidak akan mengalami perubahan bentuk
3
< 0,042 1 2 [ ]
Dimana :
2800 125
1 = = = 1555,55
50 4,5
Cek :
< 0,042 1 2 [ ] 3
4.5 3
6913,27 /2 < 0,042 1555,55 945 [ ] 2400
125
6913,27 2 < 12622.179 2 OK!!!!