ENGLISH FOR ENGINEER

Noun (countable & uncountable), & Quantifier

Oleh :
Sapitri, ST., MT

Program Studi Teknik Sipil

Universitas Islam Riau
2017
 Noun
Noun adalah kata benda/ penama (a naming word).
Noun memberi nama orang, tempat, benda, ide,
makhluk hidup, kualitas, atau memberi nama
sebuah aksi/tindakan.
Misalnya :
Cowboy (koboi--penama orang), theatre ( gedung
teater--penama tempat), box (kotak--penama
benda), thought (pikiran--penama ide), tree (pohon-
-penama makhluk hidup), kindness (kebaikan hati--
penama kualitas), arrival (kedatangan--penama
tindakan)
 Proper noun: nama orang,
Negara, benua,
kebangasaan, gunung,
sungai, hari, bulan.
Ex: - my name is
- I come from Indonesia
- Siak river flows in Pekanbaru

Common Noun: kata Ex: - We need a book, a pencil and eraser

benda yang biasa ditemui - I will go by car, not by bus
sehari-hari
Concrete
Noun Collective Noun: Ex: a. government, family, class,
a. berfungsi sebagai singular atau plural team, public, council, jury.
b. Unit sebagai kesatuan dianggap singular b. The board has agreed to make a
(it) decision, our badminton team is the
best team in the world
c. Anggota yang berbeda membentuk unit c. The student ask many questions,
dianggap plural (they) The committee blame each other
Noun

Material Noun: kata benda Ex: -

- They buy gold and silver
material/ bahan mentah - That shop sells oil and paint

Abstract Noun: kt benda yang Ex: friendship, freedom, ability,

tidak dapat dilhat atau diraba agreement
COUNTABLE NOUN
Countable Noun
1. Singular: ditandai dengan a/an, one, this, that, each, every,
another, a single

1.+ s : one book 4 books, one car 3 cars

2. Plural 2.+ es untuk benda yang berakhiran s, ss, z, x, ch, o
Ex: 3 buses, 3 glasses, 5 boxes, churches, benches
3. y i+es : 2 babies, many hobbes, several cities
4. Jika y didahului vowel (huruf hidup), tambahkan s : 2 keys, 7 days, many
monkeys
5. f/ef menjadi ves: life-lives, leaf-leaves, calf-calves, wolf-wolves. Kecuali 2 beliefs,
many chiefs, 3 roofs (tetap ditambah s).
6. Irregular
7. Berakhiran um- a : datum-data, memorandum-memoranda, agendum-egenda
8. Berakhiran on- a : criterion-criteria, phenomenon-phenomena.
9. Berakhiran us- i : fungus-fungi, alumnus-alumni,stimulus-stimuli.
10. Bentuk sama singular dan plural : deer, sheep, cattle, fish, series, species,
means.
11. hundred/thousand/million tiak menggunakan plural.
a. Plural digunakan pada kata bendanya : two hundred, three million, one hundred
books, two thousand students.
b. Gunakan plural jika menggunakan puluhan, ratusan, ribuan, jutaan : tens of
students, hundreds of employees, thousands of boys
 Singular and plural nouns
Regular nouns
Most singular nouns form the plural by adding -s.
Singular Plural
boat boats
house houses
cat cats
river rivers

A singular noun ending in s, x, z, ch, sh makes the plural by adding-es.

Singular Plural
bus buses
wish wishes
pitch pitches
box boxes
A singular noun ending in a consonant and then y makes the plural by dropping the y
and adding-ies.
Singular Plural
penny pennies
spy spies
baby babies
city cities
daisy daisies
Irregular nouns
There are some irregular noun plurals. The most common ones are listed below.

Singular Plural Singular Plural

woman women potato potatoes
man men tomato tomatoes
child children cactus cacti
tooth teeth focus foci
foot feet fungus fungi
person people nucleus nuclei
leaf leaves syllabus syllabi/syllabuses
mouse mice
goose geese analysis analyses
half halves diagnosis diagnoses
knife knives oasis oases
wife wives thesis theses
life lives crisis crises
elf elves phenomenon phenomena
loaf loaves criterion criteria
datum data
Irregular nouns
Some nouns have the same form in the singular and the plural

Singular Plural
sheep sheep
fish fish
deer deer
species species
aircraft aircraft
Irregular verb/noun agreement
a. Some nouns have a plural form but take a singular verb.
Plural nouns used with a singular verb Sentence
news The news is at 6.30 p.m.
athletics Athletics is good for young people.
linguistics Linguistics is the study of language.
darts Darts is a popular game in England.
billiards Billiards is played all over the world.

b. Some nouns have a fixed plural form and take a plural verb. They are not used in the
singular, or they have a different meaning in the singular. Nouns like this include:
trousers, jeans, glasses, savings, thanks, steps, stairs, customs, congratulations, tropics,
wages, spectacles, outskirts, goods, wits
Plural noun with plural verb Sentence
trousers My trousers are too tight.
jeans Her jeans are black.
glasses Those glasses are his.
UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
 Uncountable Noun
a. Merupakan kata benda yang tidak bisa dihitung
Example: Furniture
Oil Equipment
Sand Information
Fruit Hydrogen
Blood mikl Nitrogen
Coffee Money
Mathemathics Knowledge
Physics Evidence
Economics Education
News Homework

b. Selalu dianggap sebagai singular

Example: - There is oil in the kitchen
- Our blood is red

C. Bisa diubah dari uncountable noun menjadi countable noun

Example: a bar of chocholate, a piece of paper, a cup of coffee, a bottle of milk, a pile of rubbish,
a speck of dust, a block of ice, two bars of chocholate
 Expression of Quantity (Quantifier)

Adalah ungkapan yang dapat digunakan untuk

menunujukkan jumah benda yang dapat dihitung
(countable) dan benda yang tidak dapat dihitung
(uncountable)
 Table of Quantifier
No Quantifier Meaning Countable Uncountable Example
1. - Much Banyak Rika has much money
- A great deal of A great deal of sugar is bought
2. Many Banyak Rika has many friends
3. - A lot of Banyak We buy a lot of sugar
- lots of We count lots of employees
- plenty of
4. A little Sedikit They have a little sugar
5. A few Sedikit They have a few friends
6. Several Beberapa They have several books
7. Some Beberapa They need some money
(untuk kalimat +) They need some magazines
8. Any Beberapa They dont need any money
(untuk kalimat - ) They dont need any magazines
9. An amount of Sejumlah An amount of money is given to me
10. A number of Sejumlah A number of employees are working
11. The number of Jumlah The number of employees is 6
12. Both Keduanya Both of the students are clever
13. Most Sebagaian besar Most of the sugar is on the table
Most of the teachers are sitting
14. All Semua All of the money is gone
All of the students are clever