CONTRASTIVE CONJUNCTION

1. Pengertian Contrastive Conjunction

a. Conjunction adalah konjungsi atau kata penghubung dalam Bahasa Inggris. (Sebuah
Conjunction dapat menghubungkan antar kata, ungkapan dengan ungkapan, serta
kalimat dengan kalimat.)
b. Contrast. Kalau di Bahasa Indonesia menjadi Kontras.
Contrast berarti the state of being strikingly different from something else. Jadi kontras
berarti memperlihatkan perbedaan nyata. (Kontras dapat juga dikatakan berlawanan
atau Opposite. Seperti black & white, sad & happy, beautiful & ugly, easy & hard, up &
down, dan masih banyak lagi).
c. Contrastive Conjunction adalah konjungsi yang menghubungkan dua kalimat Bahasa
Inggris yang bersifat kontra. Artinya hubungan antar kalimat pertama dengan kedua
sifatnya berbeda atau berlawanan.

Ada beberapa Konjungsi Contrastive populer dan biasa digunakan dalam kalimat Bahasa
Inggris. Mereka adalah Though, Although, Even though, Even if, Unless, Yet, But, However,
Despite, In spite of, Whereas Nevertheless, & notwithstanding.

Apabila diterjemahkan ke Bahasa Indonesia, berbagai Conjunction Kontras itu memiliki arti
meskipun, bagaimanapun, walaupun, sedangkan, tapi, dsb. Hal ini nggak mutlak, melihat
konteks kalimatnya.

1. THOUGH
Penggunaan “though” dalam Bahasa Inggris lebih ke arah percakapan informal. Bahkan
konjungsi tersebut sering disingkat “tho” saja. Walaupun disingkat, ini tidak mengubah
artinya sama sekali.
Dalam Bahasa Indonesia, Konjungsi THOUGH berarti meskipun, walaupun, tetapi, namun,
tergantung kalimatnya. Kata penghubung Though dapat ditempatkan di awal, tengah
ataupun di akhir kalimat Bahasa Inggris.

Lihat cara menggabungkan 2 kalimat menjadi satu dengan konjungsi Though. Perhatikan
penggunaan tanda baca koma (,) dalam contoh kalimat menggunakan Conjunction Kontras
yaitu Though.
a) It was raining.
We still enjoy the concert.
Though it was raining, we still enjoyed the concert. (Meskipun sedang hujan, kita tetap
menikmati konser itu.)
b) He said he was telling the truth.
I didn’t believe him.
Though he said he was telling the truth, I didn’t believe him. (Walaupun ia berkata
bahwa ia jujur, aku tidak mempercayainya.)
c) She will try.
She may fail.
She will try though she may fail. (Ia akan berusaha meskipun ia mungkin gagal.)
d) She felt unwell.
She went to school.
She went to school though she felt unwell. (Ia pergi ke sekolah walapun ia kurang
sehat.)
e) Uncle Sam is so kind.
I don’t like his wife.
 Uncle Sam is so kind. I don’t like his wife though. (Paman Sam sangat baik. Namun aku
tak suka istrinya
f) I want to buy a drink.
I have no money.
I want to buy a drink. I have no money tho. (Saya ingin membeli minuman. Tetapi saya
tidak punya uang.)

2. ALTHOUGH & EVEN THOUGH

Selanjutnya kita bahas Conjunction Although dan Even Though. Arti kata penghubung
Bahasa Inggris “although” & “even though” kurang lebih sama sepeti “though” yaitu
meskipun atau walaupun.

Bedanya, Although dan Even Though tidak bisa disingkat. Selain itu, penggunaan Although
biasanya untuk hal atau sesuatu yang bersifat formal sehingga lebih sering digunakan
dalam writing daripada speaking.

Penggunaan Konjungsi Although dan Even Though hanya di awal dan tengah kalimat saja.
Jadi TIDAK dapat digunakan pada akhir kalimat.

Lihat cara menggabungkan 2 kalimat menjadi satu dengan kata penghubung Although dan
Even Though. Perhatikan penggunaan tanda baca koma (,) dalam contoh kalimat
Contrastive Conjunction berikut ini:

a) That coat is nice.

I don’t like the price.
Although that coat is nice, I don’t like the price. (Meskipun jaket itu bagus, aku tak suka
harganya.)
b) The story was weird.
I enjoyed the movie.
Although the story was weird, I enjoyed the movie. (Walapun ceritanya aneh, aku
menikmati film itu.)
c) It is quiet in here.
I can’t concentrate.
Even though it is quiet in here, I can’t concentrate. (Meskipun di sini tenang, aku tidak
bisa berkonsentrasi.)
d) He is very angry.
He is still smiling.
Even though he is very angry, he is still smiling. (Walaupaun dia sedang marah, dia
masih bisa tersenyum.)
e) She didn’t like the food.
She ate it all.
She ate all of the food although she didn’t like it. (Ia menghabiskan semua makanan itu
walaupun ia tak menyukainya.)
f) Vita is injured.
She goes to school.
Vita still goes to school although she is injured. (Vita tetap pergi ke sekolah meskipun ia
terluka.)
g) I have joined Mandarin course for two years.
I am still not good at it.
I am still not good at Mandarin even though I have joined the course for two years. (Saya
masih belum mahir Mandarin walaupun sudah ikut kursus selama 2 tahun.)
h) The pizza looked delicious.
I still didn’t eat it.
I still didn’t eat the pizza even though it looked delicious. (Aku tetap tak memakan pizza
itu meskipun tampaknya enak.)
3. EVEN IF
Berikutnya adalah Conjunction Even If. Dalam Bahasa Inggris, Even If diartikan seperti
“whether or not”. Apabila diterjemahkan ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia, Even If berarti bahkan
jika, kalaupun, sekalipun, meskipun, walaupun.

PERBEDAAN EVEN IF DAN EVEN THOUGH

Apakah Even If sama dengan Even Though? Jawabannya adalah tidak. Mereka tidak sama
dan tidak dapat ditukarkan. No, they are not interchangeable. Trus bedanya apa?

Even though menekankan pada sebuah fakta atau sesuatu yang sudah atau sedang
terjadi. Sedangkan Even If masih berupa imajinasi atau sesuatu yang belum nyata terjadi.
Bisa dikatakan bahwa Even If adalah bentuk pengandaian. It refers to an imaginary or
unreal situation.

PENGGUNAAN EVEN IF DAN EVEN THOUGH

Perhatikan 2 contoh berikut. Lihat bedanya.
a. Even though he is very angry, he is still smiling.
b. Even if he is very angry, I think he will smile.
Dari kedua contoh di atas, apakah kamu bisa melihat perbedaannya?
Even Though menekankan bahwa ia sedang tersenyum sekarang walaupun ia sangat
marah. Sedangkan Even If menyatakan kemungkinan ia akan tersenyum sekalipun ia
sangat marah. Faktanya ia tidak sedang marah saat ini. Hanya kemungkinan saja dan
belum terjadi.

CONTOH KALIMAT CONTRASTIVE CONJUNCTION EVEN IF

a) Susan wouldn’t buy a new house.
She earned a big salary.
Even if Susan earned a big salary, she wouldn’t buy a new house. (Sekalipun Susan
mendapatkan gaji besar, ia tidak akan membeli rumah baru.)
b) Alexandra runs a s fast as he can.
He will still be late.
Even if Alexandra runs as fast as he can, he will still be late. (Walaupun Alexandra
berlari secepat-cepatnya, dia akan tetap terlambat)
c) Thonny goes to bed early.
He will wake up late.
Thonny will wake up late even if he goes to bed early. (Thonny akan bangun terlambat
meskipun ia tidur lebih awal.)
d) It wasn’t too dark.
I wouldn’t go out myself.
I wouldn’t go out alone even if it wasn’t too dark. (Saya tak akan keluar sendirian
sekalipun tak terlalu gelap.)

4. UNLESS
Dalam Bahasa Inggris, kata Unless memiliki makna “except if”. Apabila diterjemahkan
dalam Bahasa Indonesia, Unless artinya kecuali jika atau kecuali kalau. Yuk simak
penggunaan kata penghubung Unless dalam Bahasa Inggris.
a) You cannot enter this room.
You don’t have a member card.
You cannot enter this room unless you have a member card. (Kamu tak dapat memasuki
ruangan ini kecuali jika kamu punya kartu anggota.)
 b) They won’t come to your party.
You don’t invite them.
They won’t come to your party unless you invite them. (Mereka tak akan datang ke
pestamu kecuali kamu mengundang mereka.)
c) We can meet tomorrow.
It doesn’t rain.
Unless it rains, we can meet tomorrow. (Kecuali kalau hujan, kita bisa bertemu besok.)
d) I wouldn’t eat that food.
I wasn’t extremely hungry.
Unless I was extremely hungry, I wouldn’t eat that food. (Kecuali jika saya benar-benar
lapar, saya tidak akan menyantap makanan itu.)

5. YET & BUT

Contrastive Conjunction Yet dan But berarti namun, tetapi, akan tetapi, meskipun begitu.
Bagaimanakah penggunaan kata penghubung Yet & But dalam kalimat Bahasa Inggris?
a) I like milk.
My sister prefers coffee.
I like milk, but my sister prefers coffee. (Saya suka susu, tetapi saudara perempuan
saya lebih suka kopi.)
b) Her grandfather still runs 5 kilometers everyday.
He is 73 years old.
Her grandfather is 73 years old, but he still runs 5 kilometers everyday. (Kakeknya
berusia 73 tahun, tetapi dia masih berlari 5 kilometer setiap hari.)
c) It rained a lot yesterday.
We enjoyed our holiday.
It rained a lot yesterday, yet we enjoyed our holiday. (Kemarin hujan terus, tetapi kami
menikmati liburan kami.)
d) There was a lot of noise.
I wanted to sleep early.
I wanted to sleep early, yet there was a lot of noise. (Aku ingin tidur lebih awal namun
ada banyak suara berisik.)

6. DESPITE & IN SPITE OF

Penggunaan kata DESPITE dan IN SPITE OF selalu diikuti oleh kata benda (noun), kata
ganti (pronoun) & present participle (V-ing). Oleh sebab itu, mereka tergolong Preposition.

Despite & In Spite Of masing-masing memiliki arti yang sama, yaitu meskipun, walaupun,
bagaimana pun, terlepas, kendatipun. Kata penghubung Despite cenderung lebih formal.
Tapi mereka memilik arti yang sama.

Jadi, Despite & In Spite Of adalah contoh Contrastive Preposition yang diikuti oleh kata
benda, kata ganti dan kata kerja Verb-ing.
a) I couldn’t sleep well.
I was in a comfortable room.
I couldn’t sleep well despite being in a comfortable room. (Saya tak bisa tidur nyenyak
walaupun berada di kamar yang nyaman.)
b) She said everything to me.
I can’t stop thinking of her.
Despite everything she said to me, I can’t stop thinking of her. (Terlepas dari semua
yang ia katakana kepadaku, aku tak bisa berhenti memikirkannya.)
c) Diana is still doing her homework.
She is very tired.
 Diana is still doing her homework in spite of being very tired. (Diana masih mengerjakan
pekerjaan rumahnya (PR) meskipun sangat kelelahan.)
d) Arif was totally unwell.
He came earlier than his friends to the football training.
In spite of the fact that he was totally unwell, Arif came earlier than his friends to the
football training. (Walaupun ia benar-benar tidak sehat, Arif datang lebih awal daripada
teman-temannya ke pelatihan sepakbola.)

7. WHEREAS
Kata Whereas memiliki makna sama dengan While dalam menyatakan dua hal kontras.

Whereas dapat diletakkan di awal maupun di tengah kalimat. Baik di awal maupun di
tengah, gunakan tanda koma (,) untuk memisahkan antara klausa dependen & independen.
Yuk lihat lebih jelas penggunaan Konjungsi Contrastive Whereas.
a) He loves foreign holidays.
His wife prefers to stay at home.
He loves foreign holidays, whereas his wife prefers to stay at home. (Dia menyukai
liburan ke luar negeri sedangkan istrinya lebih memilih untuk tinggal di rumah.)
b) I’m a dog lover.
My husband is allergic to dogs.
Whereas I’m a dog lover, my husband is allergic to dogs. (Meskipun aku pecinta anjing,
suamiku alergi terhadap anjing.)
c) I am a vegetarian.
My whole family eats meat.
My whole family eats meat, whereas I am a vegetarian. (Semua keluargaku memakan
daging sedangkan aku seorang vegetarian.)
d) She was just very shy.
I thought she was arrogant.
I thought she was arrogant, whereas in fact she was just very shy. (Saya pikir dia
sombong, padahal sebenarnya dia sangat pemalu.)

8. NEVERTHELESS
Conjunction Nevertheless mempunyai arti namun, biarpun, meskipun, walaupun atau
bagaimanapun. Nevertheless dapat juga digunakan bersamaan dengan kata penghubung
But.
Kata penghubung Bahasa Inggris Nevertheless lebih sering digunakan pada awal kalimat.
Selain itu, kata tersebut dapat juga diletakkan di tengah serta di akhir.

contoh kalimat Conjunction Nevertheless:

a) Stinky was an old group music. Nevertheless, I like listening to their songs. (Stinky
adalah grup musik yang sudah lama. Bagaimanapun juga aku masih suka
mendengarkan lagu mereka.)
b) The economy was poor this year, but nevertheless our sales increased. (Kondisi
ekonomi memburuk tahun ini, meskipun begitu penjualan kita meningkat.)
c) She is often rude to me. I like her, nevertheless. (Dia sering kasar kepadaku.
Bagaimanapun aku menyukainya.)

9. NOTWITHSTANDING
 Notwithstanding adalah contoh dari Contrastive Preposition.
 Kata ini biasanya diikuti oleh kata benda (Noun), kata ganti (Pronoun), dan kata kerja
Verb-ing. Walaupun Notwithstanding dapat pula difungsikan sebagai Conjunction,
namun umumnya kata ini digunakan sebagai Preposition.
 Penggunaannya memang tidak sepopuler Despite & In Spite Of. Namun, ia masih
dipakai saat penulisan akademik.
Contoh kalimat:
a) It is raining.
I have to pick up my little sister from school.
I have to pick up my little sister from school notwithstanding the rain. (Aku harus
menjemput adik perempuanku dari sekolah, meskipun hujan.)
b) The weather was bad.
We went to the beach yesterday.
 Notwithstanding the bad weather, we went to the beach yesterday. (Walaupun cuaca
buruk, kami pergi ke pantai kemarin.)

Exercise:
Choose the right answer:
1. (Although / In spite of) she is beautiful, everybody hates her.
2. The children slept deeply (Although / In spite of) the noise.
3. (Although / in spite of) earning a low salary, Sara helped her parents
4. Jane rarely sees Alan (Although / in spite of) they are neighbors.
5. Kate did not do well in the exam (Although / in spite of) working very hard.
6. (Although / in spite of) I was very hungry, I couldn't eat.
7. (Although / in spite of) the difficulty, they managed to solve the math problem.
8. Liza never talked to him (Although / in spite of) she loved him.
9. (Although / in spite of) it was cold, Marie didn't put on her coat.
10. Clare did the work (Although / in spite of) being ill.
11. (Although / In spite of / Because / Because of) the weather was bad, we had a good time.
12. (Although / In spite of / Because / Because of) all our hard work, a lot of things went wrong.
13. (Although / In spite of / Because / Because of) we had planned everything carefully, a lot of
things went wrong.
14. I went to hospital (although / in spite of / because / because of) I was feeling very ill.
15. I went to work the next day (although / in spite of / because / because of) I was still feeling
ill.
16. She accepted the job (although / in spite of / because / because of) the low salary.
17. She refused the job (although / in spite of / because / because of) the low salary.
18. I managed to sleep (although / in spite of / because / because of) the hotel was noisy.
19. I could not get to sleep (although / in spite of / because / because of) the noise.
20. He runs fast (although / in spite of / because / because of) his old age.