BSIG-3.2/4.

2/5/1

Prepositional phrase, adjective clause, finite and non-finite

Identitas
Judul UKBM : prepositional phrase, adjective
clause, Finite and non-finite
Nama Sekolah : SMAN 1 JEMBER
Nama Mata Pelajaran : BSIG
Semester :5
Alokasi Waktu : 4 JP
Kompetensi Dasar :

3.2.Menerapkan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan teks interaksi
transaksional lisan dan tulis yang melibatkan tindakan memberi dan meminta
informasi terkait benda dengan pewatas berupa sifat, jenis, dan fakta
keadaan/kejadian, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya. (Perhatikan unsur
kebahasaan prepositional phrase, adjective clause: finite dan non-finite)

4.2.Menyusun teks interaksi transaksional lisan dan tulis yang melibatkan tindakan
memberi dan meminta informasi terkait benda dengan pewatas berupa sifat,
jenis, dan fakta keadaan/kejadian, dengan memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur
teks, dan unsur kebahasaan yang benar dan sesuai konteks

Tujuan Pembelajaran
Melalui kegiatan Role Playing peserta didik dapat berpikir kritis dan
kreatif dalam menerapkan teks interaksi transaksional lisan dan tulis
sederhana yang melibatkan tindakan meminta dan memberi
informasi terkait benda, dan menanggapinya dengan teliti dan hati-
hati dengan memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur
kebahasaan yang benar serta terampil dalam menyusun teks dan
melakukan percakapan yang menggunakan ungkapan memberi dan
meminta informasi terkait benda serta menanggapinya sesuai
konteks penggunaannya dengan benar.
Peta Konsep
 Proses Pembelajaran
a) Read and learn the materials
Petunjuk Umum Penggunaan about prepositional phrase,
UKBM adjective clause: finite and non-
finite from different sources
b) Complete all the tasks in this
“UKB” on your own book.
BAGAIMANA
c) You can work individually or
CARA
with your friend(s), and if you
BELAJARNYA
dengan have finished with all the tasks,
you may take the formative test
UKB ini? and continue to the next “UKB.”

Pendahuluan
BRAIN STORMING
Sebelum mempelajari materi, cermati gambar berikut dan jawab
pertanyaannya.
Observe the picture and answer the following
questions.
 Have you ever written prepositional phrase?
What part of speech do you usually use to
write the prepositional phrases?
How about the adjective clause: finite and non-
finite?
Do they have same functions?

WHAT’S After answering the questions

above, learn some vocabularies

NEXT? related to the topic.

Untuk memahami materi, silahkan Kalian pelajari dahulu kosakata berikut.

Read and learn some vocabularies that are used in this section.
Prepositional Phrase
A prepositional phrase is a group of words consisting of a preposition, its object, and any
words that modify the object. Most of the time, a prepositional phrase modifies a verb or a
noun. These two kinds of prepositional phrases are called adverbial phrases and adjectival
phrases, respectively.

At a minimum, a prepositional phrase consists of one preposition and the object it governs.
The object can be a noun, a gerund (a verb form ending in “-ing” that acts as a noun), or a
clause.

Example He arrived in time.

Example Is she really going out with that guy?

To these two basic elements, modifiers can be freely added.

Example He arrived in the nick of time.

Example Is she really going out with that tall, gorgeous guy?

Some of the most common prepositions that begin prepositional phrases are to, of, about,
at, before, after, by, behind, during, for, from, in, over, under, and with

Prepositional Phrases That Modify Nouns

When a prepositional phrase acts upon a noun, we say it is behaving adjectivally because
adjectives modify nouns. A prepositional phrase that behaves adjectivally is called, quite
logically, an adjectival phrase.

Example The cat in the middle is the cutest.

Example I always buy my milk from the convenience store on Main Street.

Example My mother has always wanted to live in a cabin by the lake.

In the first of these sentences, in the middle answers the question of which cat the writer
thinks is the cutest. Similarly, on Main Street gives us information about which store the
writer is describing, and by the lake tells us what kind of cabin the writer’s mother is
dreaming about. All of these adjectival phrases provide specificity to a noun in order to
enhance our understanding.

Prepositional Phrases That Modify Verbs

When a prepositional phrase acts upon a verb, we say it is behaving adverbially because
adverbs modify verbs. A prepositional phrase that behaves adverbially is called an adverbial
phrase.
Example To find the person who stole the last cookie, look behind you.

Example Harry drank his Butter beer with fervour.

In the first sentence, behind you answers the question “Look where?” In the second, with
fervour answers the question “Drank how?”

Prepositional Phrases Acting as Nouns

Less frequently, prepositional phrases can function like nouns in a sentence.

Example During the national anthem is the worst time to blow your nose.

Example After the game will be too late for us to go to dinner.

How to Avoid Excessive Prepositional Phrases

It is tempting to overuse prepositions and prepositional phrases. If you see more than one
preposition for every ten or fifteen words in your writing, you should edit some of them out.
You may be surprised at how much more elegant and economical your writing is when you
make the effort to do this.

Example It is best to behave with caution when running with a sword in the presence of
Magneto.

There is nothing grammatically incorrect about this sentence, but it has two “with” phrases,
an “of” phrase, and an “in” phrase, which is a sure sign that it could be written more
efficiently.

Example In Magneto’s presence, run cautiously with swords.

Here, it was possible to replace one of the prepositional phrases, with caution with the
correlating adverb cautiously. Of Magneto was simply a possessive that can be easily
converted into Magneto’s. Four prepositional phrases have been reduced to two.

Another way to reduce prepositional phrases is to switch from a passive voice to an active
voice. There is a famous example to illustrate this concept.

Example Why was the road crossed by the chicken?

Clearly, the passive voice makes this sentence fussy and the prepositional phrase by the
chicken seems a bit silly. It would be better written in an active voice, with the chicken in the
driver’s seat where it belongs.

Example Why did the chicken cross the road?

Main Activity
TASK 1
Add the Prepositions to
Complete the Story

A preposition connects a noun or pronoun to another word in the

sentence, showing the relationship between them. Prepositions usually
answer the questions where? or when? , telling about a person or
object’s location in either time or space.
Use one of the prepositions from the word bank in each of the blanks
in the story below. Prepositions can be used more than once, as long as
they make sense where you place them in the story.

Preposition Word Bank

in over past since through toward
near throughout under into Up of
on above during around against along
across before after beyond behind beside

for beneath with inside until outside

to within for at between off

Scott’s allergies were really severe. This season, he was having a lot of trouble
___________ them. He kept on sneezing ______________ the tissue he carried
______________ his hand wherever he went. One day he had to sneeze three times while
he was walking ______________ the street! His mom decided to take him ______________
the doctor.

Dr. Anderson asked Scott to sit ______________ the chair ______________ the table. The
appointment, Dr. Anderson talked to Scott and examined him. He tested the skin
______________ Scott’s arm to see if it changed color. He made one row of pin pricks, then
he made another row ______________ the first row. ______________ the two rows, he
touched a Q-tip ______________ several places. ______________ the bottom of the
second row, he looked closely for a reaction ______________ Scott’s skin. After he was
done, he told Scott and his mom that Scott was allergic to a flowering tree that was common
______________ their area. He gave Scott a prescription medication to try.

Scott used to eat his lunch while sitting outside ______________ the tree. It was just right
for him to lean against. However, he realized he could not do that anymore. Ever since he
saw Dr. Anderson, Scott spent more time ______________ his house until the tree was not
flowering. His allergies did not bother him much.

Fortunately, there was enough time ______________ the tree’s flowering cycles when Scott
could enjoy some time outside without sneezing.
Answer the following questions.
Are all of those sentences in the text using prepositional phrase? Why?
What do you think the purpose of preposition?
What kinds of preposition are they used?
Do you find the difference functions of prepositional phrase on the text above?
If your answer is ‘yes’, answer these questions: how can they be different? In what
way they are different?

Jika kalian mengalami kesulitan dalam menjawab pertanyaan di atas,

bacalah panduan berikut.

In order to help you answer the questions above, read these following guidelines.
1. Read the definition.
2. Find the purpose.
3. Read the usage.
4. Note the pattern used.

Okay, let’s follow the steps.

Recognize a prepositional phrase when you see one.

At the minimum, a prepositional phrase will begin with a preposition and end with a noun,
pronoun, gerund, or clause, the "object" of the preposition. The object of the preposition will
often have one or more modifiers to describe it.

These are the patterns for a prepositional phrase:

Preposition + Noun, Pronoun, Gerund, or Clause

Preposition + Modifier(s) + Noun, Pronoun, Gerund, or Clause

Here are some examples of the most basic prepositional phrase:

At home

At = preposition; home = noun.

In time

In = preposition; time = noun.

From Richie

From = preposition; Richie = noun.

With me

With = preposition; me = pronoun.

 By singing

By = preposition; singing = gerund.

About what we need

About = preposition; what we need = noun clause.

Most prepositional phrases are longer, like these:

From my grandmother

From = preposition; my = modifier; grandmother = noun.

Under the warm blanket

Under = preposition; the, warm = modifiers; blanket = noun.

In the weedy, overgrown garden

In = preposition; the, weedy, overgrown = modifiers; garden = noun.

Along the busy, six-lane highway

Along = preposition; the, busy, six-lane = modifiers; highway = noun.

Without excessively worrying

Without = preposition; excessively = modifier; worrying = gerund.

Understand what prepositional phrases do in a sentence.

A prepositional phrase will function as an adjective or adverb. As an adjective, the
prepositional phrase will answer the question which one?

Read these examples:

The book on the bathroom floor is swollen from shower steam.

Which book? The one on the bathroom floor!

The sweet potatoes in the vegetable bin are green with mold.

Which sweet potatoes? The ones forgotten in the vegetable bin!

The note from Beverly confessed that she had eaten the leftover pizza.

Which note? The one from Beverly!

As an adverb, a prepositional phrase will answer questions such as How? When? or

Where? Freddy is stiff from yesterday's long football practice.

How did Freddy get stiff? From yesterday's long football practice!

Before class, Josh begged his friends for a pencil.

When did Josh do his begging? Before class!

Feeling brave, we tried the Dragon Breath Burritos at Tito's Taco Palace.

Where did we eat the spicy food? At Tito's Taco Palace!

Remember that a prepositional phrase will never

contain the subject of a sentence.
Sometimes a noun within the prepositional phrase seems the logical subject of a verb. Don't
fall for that trick! You will never find a subject in a prepositional phrase.

Look at this example:

Neither of these cookbooks contains the recipe for Manhattan-style squid eyeball stew.

Cookbooks do indeed contain recipes. In this sentence, however, cookbooks is part of the
prepositional phrase of these cookbooks. Neither—whatever a neither is—is the subject for
the verb contains.

Neither is singular, so you need the singular form of the verb, contains. If you incorrectly
identified cookbooks as the subject, you might write contain, the plural form, and thus
commit a subject-verb agreement error.

Some prepositions—such as along with and in addition to—indicate "more to come." They
will make you think that you have a plural subject when in fact you don't. Don't fall for that
trick either!

Read this example:

Tommy, along with the other students, breathed a sigh of relief when Mrs. Markham
announced that she was postponing the due date for the research essay.

Logically, more than one student is happy with the news. But Tommy is the only subject of
the verb breathed. His classmates count in the real world, but in the sentence, they don't
matter, locked as they are in the prepositional phrase.
 TASK 2

Exercise 1. Add It! Prepositional Phrases as an Adjective

Some prepositional phrases work as adjectives.

Example: The dog in that yard belongs to Bill.
The phrase in that yard is a prepositional phrase that describes dog.

Add to each sentence below a prepositional phrase that works as an adjective.

Underline the word that the added phrase modifies.
Example:

The clown was funny.

The clown in the circus was funny.

1. The author wrote a book.

2. The bike was stolen.
3. We gave the woman a table.
4. Those presents are for the children.
5. The people are guaranteed rights
6. The plane went down the runway.
7. My cousin laughed at the story.
8. They ate a snack.

Exercise 2. Find It! Sentences with Prepositional Phrases

Circle the number of the sentences that have a prepositional phrase.
1. We rode our bicycles to the school
2. Do you want to sing a song?
3. The woman in the heavy sweater looked warm.
4. Sarah and Molly need a bite to eat.
5. Willie walked into the toy store slowly.
6. In the evening, the horses are tired and hungry.
7. We found an excellent place to shop.
8. They saw on the news that the roads were flooded.
9. Never did she see another person.
10. After the movie, we ate a nice dinner.
Exercise 3. Picturing Preposition

A preposition shows the relationship between ideas in a sentence. Prepositions usually answer
the questions where or when. They often tell the location of a person or an object in time or
space. Look at each picture carefully. Describe the relationship of the object to the person in
each picture using a prepositional phrase.
Exercise 4. Underline the prepositional phrase in each sentence.
Circle the preposition.

1. My grandparents enjoyed boating on the beautiful lake.

2. Spiders do not usually build webs in a busy area.

3. Dancing on a public stage can be a frightening experience!

4. The high-definition television fell onto the dirty street.

5. My soccer team played well during the championship tournament.

6. Sandwiched between the canned goods and the milk, the bread was smashed.

7. The summer shone brightly in the afternoon.

8. My favorite restaurant is next to the enormous shoe store.

Exercise 5. Writing prepositional Phrases

Part I. Rewrite each of the sentences below, and add one prepositional phrase.

1. The funny clowns jumped.

2. The horse ran.

3. They ate dinner.

4. Simon threw the ball.

Part II. Rewrite each of the sentences below, and add two prepositional phrases.

1. The monster walked.

2. The small monkey climbed a tree.

3. The store sold toys.

4. Mary and Joan sang a pretty song.

EVALUATION FOR TASK 1 & 2
Check your understanding by answering the following questions.
1. Explain using your own word: what prepositional phrase?
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. From the reading as well as the examples of prepositional phrase, identify the
function!
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. From the reading as well as the examples of the sentences, identify the pattern of
prepositional phrase.
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. From the reading as well as the examples of the sentences provided, analyze the
preposition used.
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. From the reading as well as the examples of the sentences provided, identify the
different function of prepositional phrase.
______________________________________________________________________________________

If you have done with the evaluation for UKB1 task 1&2 above, you may continue
to UKB2 task 3.

Adjective Clause: Finite & Non-finite

Adjective clauses are dependent clauses that consists of a relative pronoun
followed by a clause and that perform adjectival functions. Adjective
clauses perform four grammatical functions within sentences in the English
language. The four functions of adjective clauses are:
 Noun phrase modifier
 Verb phrase modifier
 Prepositional phrase modifier
 Noun clause modifier
Some grammars use the term relative clause for adjective clauses. The
following sections explain and exemplify the four grammatical functions of
adjective clauses in English grammar.

1. Adjective Clauses as Noun Phrase Modifiers

The first grammatical function that adjective clauses perform is
the noun phrase modifier. A noun phrase modifier is a word, phrase, or
 clause that modifies or describes a noun including a pronoun or a noun
phrase. For example, the following italicized adjective clauses function as
noun phrase modifiers:
 Harry Potter is the boy who lived.
 The map you sent me last week seems outdated.
 The cookies, which I promptly devoured, reminded me of home.
 My aunt is the woman to whom you should have emailed the instructions.
 A book that you ordered through interlibrary loan arrived this morning.
 The neighbor whose petunias you ran over with the lawn mower called
the cops on you.
Adjective clauses most frequently function as noun phrase modifiers.

2. Adjective Clauses as Verb Phrase Modifiers

The second grammatical function that adjective clauses perform is
the verb phrase modifier. A verb phrase modifier is a word, phrase, or
clause that modifies or describes a verb phrase.  Adjective clauses modify
only verb phrases in the form of present participles performing nominal
functions. Only which adjective clauses function as verb phrase modifiers.
For example, the following italicized adjective clauses function as verb
phrase modifiers:
 Reading, which is one of my favorite past times, keeps the mind sharp.
 Washing the windows, which still needs completed, occurs every
Wednesday morning.
 I enjoy writing about language, which I do almost every single day.
 Hunting tigers, which many people still consider sport, should be
outlawed internationally.
 The hardest part about learning grammar, which I thoroughly enjoy, is
memorizing all the rules.
  Despite our missing the train, which happened because of a traffic jam,
we arrived on time.
3. Adjective Clauses as Prepositional Phrase Modifiers
The third grammatical function that adjective clauses perform is the
prepositional phrase modifier. A prepositional phrase modifier is a word,
phrase, or clause that modifies or describes a prepositional phrase.  Adjective
clauses modify only prepositional phrases performing nominal functions.
Only which adjective clauses function as prepositional phrase modifiers. For
example, the following italicized adjective clauses function as prepositional
phrase modifiers:
 Behind the machine shed, which is overgrown with weeds, needs mowed.
 Between seven and nine, which is a reasonable time frame, is when
employees must arrive.
 In the closest, which is quite dark, is rather scary.
 After six, which is usually also after dinner, is a good time to call.
 You must clean under the bed, which is covered with dust bunnies.
 His brother is painting along the ceiling, which is ragged and uneven.
Adjective clauses rarely function as prepositional phrase modifiers because
prepositional phrases rarely perform nominal functions.

4. Adjective Clauses as Noun Clause Modifiers

The fourth grammatical function that adjective clauses perform is
the noun clause modifier. A noun clause modifier is a word, phrase, or
clause that modifies or describes a noun clause. Only which adjective
clauses function as noun clause modifiers. For example, the following
italicized adjective clauses function as noun clause modifiers:
 That the museum cancelled the lecture, which is quite surprising,
disappoints me.
  For you to not graduate from college now, which would be such as
shame, is out of the question.
 That she worked hard for the whole term, which still amazes me, pleased
her parents.
 How the clouds drifted on that July afternoon, which still makes me smile,
may never happen again.
 Do you know when the train should arrive, which is something I should
know?
 The assessment committee announced the problem us refusing to try new
procedures, which is an ongoing challenge.
The four grammatical functions of adjective clauses in English grammar
are noun phrase modifier, verb phrase modifier, prepositional phrase modifier,
and noun clause modifier

FINITE AND NON FINITE

Look at each of these examples. Do they have present tense or past tense?
Can we change the tense?
 She feels sick.
 I was watching TV.

In the first example, we have the present tense verb form feels. We could

change to past tense: She felt sick.
In the second example, the verb phrase was watching contains the past tense
form was. We could change to the present tense: I am watching TV.
These are called finite clauses because they contain finite verbs: verbs in the
present tense or past tense form.
Our examples of finite clauses so far are main clauses: She feels sick and I
was watching TV stand alone as complete sentences. Subordinate clauses,
which form part of a larger sentence, can also be finite:
  I know that she feels sick.
 While I was watching TV, the phone rang.

Compare the examples above with those below which are nonfinite clauses

(highlighted). Can you see a difference in the verb phrases?
 She doesn’t want to feel sick.
 Watching TV, I dozed off.

The highlighted clauses do not contain any tensed verb forms. Non-finite
clauses are usually subordinate clauses, as in these examples: to feel
sick and watching TV could not stand alone as sentences.
Non-finite clauses tend to express less information than matching finite clauses.
Take this example:
 I am happy to see you.

We have here the non finite clause to see you. Think about this clause on its
own. Does it tell us when the seeing happened? Or who is doing the seeing?
No, it doesn’t tell us whether the seeing is present or past (unlike the finite
clauses I see you, I saw you). We can only work out the time from the main
clause verb (am).
No, it doesn’t say who is doing the seeing: there is no Subject expressed in
this clause. We have to work out from the main clause that it is ‘I’ (the speaker)
doing the seeing. (If we had He is happy to see you, it would be ‘he’ doing the
seeing.)
It is very common for non finite clauses to have no Subject. However, some
do have a Subject. For example, in I am happy for you to start without
me, you is the Subject of the non finite subordinate clause.
There are three main types of non finite clause, corresponding to the three
types of non finite verb. Let’s look at an example of each type.
 I’d always wanted to go to Australia. 
  This is a to-infinitive clause, with to followed by the infinitive verb
form go.
 Arriving just before lunch, I looked for Harry Frampton in the dining
room. 
 This is an -ing participle clause (also called present participle clause),
with the -ing participle verb form arriving.
 They’ve never improved on the distance covered on that first expedition. 
 This is an -ed participle clause (also called past participle clause), with
the -ed participle verb form covered.

To-infinitive clauses are easy to recognise because they have an infinitive

verb form following to. Can you identify the to-infinitive clauses in these
examples?
 It only took us about twenty minutes to get here. 
 I’d be quite keen to try anything like that. 
 Does anyone else want to be nominated?
 To reach it on foot, you must navigate hundreds of miles across a
perishing sub-zero landscape. 
 It is easy to recognise -ing participle verb forms, as they always end in -
ing.
 They can occur in finite clauses after a tensed verb: He is/was eating his
dinner.

However, in -ing participle clauses, which are nonfinite, there is no tensed

verb before the participle:
 Eating his dinner, he leafed through a magazine.
 Can you identify the -ing participle clauses in these examples?
 Thank you for your letter enquiring about vacancies at the Museum shop.
 I remember being 3-2 down to Liverpool in the semi-final.
  I hope you don’t mind sleeping on the floor. 
 Overtaking a moving vehicle is more dangerous.

To recognise -ed participle clauses, we need to remember that an -

ed participle form does not always end in -ed. This is because some verbs are
irregular. Examples of irregular -ed participles occur in the following:
 He has taken it. It was taken.
 He has sold it. It was sold.

In each of those examples the -ed participle occurs in a finite clause, after a

tensed verb.
But in -ed participle clauses, which are non finite, there is no tensed verb
before the -ed participle. Here is an example:
 Taken three times a day, these pills should clear the rash.
 Now see if you can identify the - ed participle clauses in these examples:
 This is a diagram of the respiratory system taken from front to back.
 Compared with London, travel around Brussels is so amazingly hassle-
free. 
 The evidence given to Cullen was monitored closely.
 First across the line was East Germany in 1969, followed by West
Germany in 1972. 

Key points

A finite clause typically contains a verb in the present tense or past tense

form. It can be a main clause or a subordinate clause, e.g.:

 Kate broke the dish. (main clause)

 They suspect that Kate broke the dish. (subordinate clause)
 A non-finite clause does not contain any present or past tense verb. It is
usually a subordinate clause. There are three main types:

 Kate didn't mean to break the dish. (to-infinitive clause)

 Kate remembers breaking the dish. (-ing participle clause)
 They will replace the dish broken by Kate. (-ed participle clause)

TASK 3
A. In the following prose passage from the conclusion of George
Orwell's “Why I Write” (1946: 316), identify the form and
function of all finite and non-finite clauses!

Looking back through the last page or two, I see that I have made
it appear as though my motives in writing were wholly public-
spirited. I don’t want to leave that as the final impression. All
writers are vain, selfish and lazy, and at the very bottom of their
motives there lies a mystery. Writing a book is a horrible,
exhausting struggle, like a long bout of some painful illness. One
would never undertake such a thing if one were not driven on by
some demon whom one can neither resist nor understand. For all
one knows that demon is simply the same instinct that makes a
baby squall for attention. And yet is is also true that one can write
nothing readable unless one constantly struggles to efface one's
own personality. Good prose is like a window pane. I cannot say
with certainty which of my motives are the strongest, but I know
which of them deserve to be followed. And looking back through
my work, I see that it is invariably where I lacked
a political purpose that I wrote lifeless books and was betrayed
into purple passages, sentences without meaning, decorative
adjectives and humbug generally.
 A. In each of the following sentences, decide whether the bracketed
clauses are finite or nonfinite.

Top of Form

1. [Everybody left just after the

 Finite
ceremony]
 Non-finite
2. [Inviting your sister] was not a
 Finite
great decision
 Non-finite
3. I'll be home around ten [if my train
 Finite
is on time]
 Non-finite
4. [They expect Susan to do all the
 Finite
work]
 Non-finite
5. [Deprived of oxygen], plants will
 Finite
quickly die
 Non-finite
C. Determine whether the following verbs have got finite or non-finite clausal complements.
a Bobby believes Betsy to be beautiful.
b Terry tried to travel to Toronto.
c Thomas thinks that Ron runs too fast.
d Petty hopes for Hugh to hug her.
e Alan asked if Sam could stay longer.
f Sam answered that he had to leave.
g Bobby believes that Betsy is beautiful.
h Hetty hopes that Hugh will hug her.

D. Instructions: Find the adjective clause in the following sentences

and tell which word it modifies.
 
1. I like a leader who listens to his men.
 
2. The dog which I loved dearly was hit by a truck last night.
 
3. Rulon is a person who takes responsibility well.
 
4. All individuals who purchased tickets will be admitted.
 
5. The shirt that you bought me doesn't fit well.
  
6. The woman who baked the winning pie is my wife.
 
7. You called at a time when I was unable to answer.
 
8. Gayle is the one for whom you are looking.
 
9. Those who are willing to serve others will be rewarded.
 
10. One to whom much is given is expected to give much in return.

TASK 4

A. Combine two sentences together to make one sentence. Put the

adjective clause after the noun that it describes. You can use
"who" or "that" to put the clauses together.

Example: The student is a very nice person. / She comes from Japan.

                 The student who comes from Japan is a very nice person.

1. We sent a package to our relatives. They live in Iowa.

    ________________________________________________________________

2. The woman works as a cashier. She sits next to me in class.

____________________________________________________________

3. That's the book. Everyone is reading it.

   _________________________________________________________________

4. We bought some trees. Our neighbour told us they were on sale.

   _________________________________________________________________
 5. The car has a bad engine. I bought it last month.

   _________________________________________________________________

6. I lived in an apartment building. It had a very slow elevator.

   _________________________________________________________________

7. You should see a doctor. He can help you with your back problems.

   _________________________________________________________________

8. The tornado was extremely powerful. It hit Minnesota.

   _________________________________________________________________

9. We saw the woman at the grocery store. She lives next door to us.

   _________________________________________________________________

10. My wife returned the pants. They were too big for me.

   _________________________________________________________________

B. Combine each of the following pairs of simple sentences into

one complex sentence containing an adjective clause (non finite)
1. The theft was committed last night. The policeman has caught the man.
2. The French language is different from the Latin language. Latin was once spoken
throughout Europe.
3. You are looking upset. Can you tell me the reason?
4. He had several plans for making money quickly. All of them have failed.
5. The landlord was proud of his strength. He despised the weakness of his tenants.
6. This is the village. I was born here.
7. You put the keys somewhere. Show me the place.
8. Paul was an old gentleman. He was my travelling companion.
9. A fox once met a crane. The fox had never seen a crane before.
10. The shop keeper keeps his money in a wooden case. This is the wooden case.
C. Combine each of the following pairs of simple sentences into one
complex sentence containing an adjective clause (finite)
1. The first alarm clock woke the sleeper by gently rubbing his feet.
 The first alarm clock was invented by Leonardo da Vinci.

2. Some children have not received flu shots.

These children must visit the school doctor.

3. Success encourages the repetition of old behavior.

Success is not nearly as good a teacher as failure.

4. I showed the arrowhead to Rachel.

Rachel's mother is an archaeologist.

5. Merdine was born in a boxcar.

Merdine was born somewhere in Arkansas.

Merdine gets homesick every time she hears the cry of a train whistle.

6. The space shuttle is a rocket.

The rocket is manned.

This rocket can be flown back to earth.

This rocket can be reused.

7. Henry Aaron played baseball.

Henry Aaron played with the Braves.

Henry Aaron played for 20 years.

Henry Aaron was voted into the Hall of Fame.

The vote was taken in 1982.

8. Oxygen is colorless.

Oxygen is tasteless.
 Oxygen is odorless.

Oxygen is the chief life-supporting element of all plant life.

Oxygen is the chief life-supporting element of all animal life.

9. Bushido is the traditional code of honor of the samurai.

Bushido is based on the principle of simplicity.

Bushido is based on the principle of honesty.

Bushido is based on the principle of courage.

Bushido is based on the principle of justice.

10. Merdine danced on the roof.

It was the roof of her trailer.

Merdine danced during the thunderstorm.

The thunderstorm flooded the county.

The thunderstorm was last night.

EVALUATION FOR TASK 3 & 4

A. Check your understanding by answering the following questions.

2. Explain using your own word: what is adjective clause?

_______________________________________________________________________
3. From the reading as well as the examples of finite and non finite clauses, identify
the function!
_______________________________________________________________________
4. From the reading as well as the examples of the sentences, identify the pattern of
finite and non finite adjective clause.
_______________________________________________________________________
5. From the reading as well as the examples of the sentences provided, identify the
different function of adjective clause, in finite and non finite clause as well.

Closing
Bagaimana Kalian Sekarang?
Setelah kalian belajar bertahap dan berlanjut melalui kegiatan belajar 1, 2,
dan 3, berikut diberikan Tabel untuk mengukur diri kalian terhadap
materi yang sudah kalian pelajari. Jawablah sejujurnya terkait dengan
penguasaan materi pada UKB ini di Tabel berikut.

Tabel Refleksi Diri Pemahaman Materi

No Pertanyaan Ya Tida
k
1. Apakah kalian telah memahami materi
prepositional phrase?
2. Apakah kalian telah memahami materi
adjective clause : finite and non finite
3. Dapatkah kalian menjelaskan fungsinya?
4. Dapatkah kalian menyusun kalimat
menggunakan prepositional phrase dan
adjective clause?

Jika menjawab “TIDAK” pada salah satu pertanyaan di atas, maka

pelajarilah kembali materi tersebut dalam sumber belajar yang disarankan
di “MateriPembelajaran” serta sumber lain yang relevan, pelajari ulang
kegiatan belajar 1, 2, atau 3 yang sekiranya perlu kalian ulang dengan
bimbingan Guru atau teman sejawat. Jangan putus asa untuk
mengulang lagi!
 Penghargaan
Jika kalian sudah memahami semua dan mampu menjawab pertanyaan
dengan benar maka kalian Hebat.

Cek List Pemahaman Materi

No Pertanyaan Ya Tidak
1. Murid mampu memahami fungsi social prepositional phrase dalam
teks interaksi transaksional
2. Murid mampu mengidentifikasi unsur kebahasaan prepositional
phrase dalam teks interaksi transaksional
3. Murid mampu melengkapi teks interaksi transaksional rumpang
dengan menggunakan prepositional phrase yang tepat.
4. Murid mampu menulis kalimat prepositional phrase dan
mempresentasikan dengan tepat
5. Murid mampu menjawab semua soal-soal materi prepositional
phrase dengan benar yang ada di e-UKBM.

Ini adalah bagian akhir dari UKBM materi teks conditional sentences dalam
teks interaksi transaksional, mintalah tes formatif kepada Guru kalian sebelum
belajar ke UKBM berikutnya.

Keep Spirit and Wish You All the Best

Daftar Pustaka
Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2017. Bahasa Inggris Edisi revisi.