II = I
Contoh :
1
1 −2 1
2
Periksa apakah kedua matriks B = [ 1 1] dan C = [ 3 − 1]
2 2
3 4
1 2
merupakan invers untuk matriks A = [ ].
3 4
Jawab:
TOPIK 6. INVERS MATRIKS DAN SIFAT-SIFAT INVERS MATRIKS
1 5
1 2 1 2 3
1 1 0
AB = [ ][ 1] = [13 5] ≠
[ ]
3 4 1 0 1
3 4 3 2
Sedangkan,
1 2 −2 1 1 0 −2 1 1 2
AC = [ ][ 3 1] = [
−2 ] = [ 3
− 2] [3
1 ] = CA.
3 4 2 0 1 2 4
Contoh :
6 2
Tentukan invers dari matriks A tersebut, A = [ ]!
1 3
Jawab :
1 3 −2
𝐴−1 = 6.3−2.1 [ ]
−1 6
1 3 −2
𝐴−1 = 18−2 [ ]
−1 6
1 3 −2
𝐴−1 = 16 [ ]
−1 6
3 2
− 16
16
𝐴−1 = [ 1 6 ]
− 16 16
3 1
−8
−1 16
𝐴 =[ 1 3]
− 16 8
0,1875 −0,125
𝐴−1 = [ ]
−0,0625 0,375
a. Matriks Minor
b. Kofaktor
c. Adjoin
Secara umum, sebuah matriks memiliki matriks adjoin
seperti ditunjukkan seperti pada matriks di bawah.
𝑎11 ⋯ 𝑎𝑛1
Adj (A) = ( ⋮ ⋱ ⋮ )
𝑎1𝑛 ⋯ 𝑎𝑛𝑚
Contoh :
3 −2 1
A = [5 6 2]
1 0 −3
Jawab :
3 −2 1 3 −2
| 𝐴 | = [5 6 2 ]5 6
1 0 −3 1 0
|𝐴| = - 94
3 −2 1
A = [5 6 2]
1 0 −3
6 2
𝐴11 = |𝑀11 | = | | = (-18 – 0) = -18
0 −3
5 2
𝐴12 = - |𝑀12 | = - | | = - (-15 – 2) = - (-17) = 17
1 −3
5 6|
𝐴13 = |𝑀13 | = | = (0 – 6) = -6
1 0
−2 1
𝐴21 = - |𝑀21 | = - | | = - (6 – 0) = - (6) = -6
0 −3
3 1
𝐴22 = |𝑀22 | = | | = (-9 -1) = -10
1 −3
3 −2
𝐴23 = - |𝑀23 | = - | | = - (0 – (-2) = - (0 + 2) = - (2) = -2
1 0
−2 1
𝐴31 = |𝑀31 | = | | = ( -4 – 6) = -10
6 2
3 1
𝐴32 = - |𝑀32 | = - | | = - (6 – 5) = – (1) = -1
5 2
3 −2
𝐴33 = |𝑀33 | = | | = (18 – (-10) = (18 + 10) = 28
5 6
−18 17 −6
A = [ −6 −10 −2]
−10 −1 28
3. Menentukan Adjoin A
−18 17 −6
[
A = −6 −10 −2]
−10 −1 28
−18 −6 −10
Adj A = [ 17 −10 −1 ]
−6 −2 28
−18 −6 −10
1
𝐴−1 = − 94 [ 17 −10 −1 ]
−6 −2 28
18 6 10
94 94 94
−1 17 10 1
𝐴 = − 94 94 94
6 2 28
[ − 94 ]
94 94
9 3 5
47 47 47
−1 17 5 1
𝐴 = − 94 47 94
3 1 14
[ − 47]
47 47
Bukti
C = C.I = C . (A . B) = (C . A) . B = I . B = B
Contoh:
3 −1
Tentukan 𝐴−2 jika A = [ ]
4 2
Jawab:
2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0
−2 −1 2 5 10 5 10 5 10 20
𝐴 = (𝐴 ) = [ 2 3] =[ 2 3][ 2 3] = [1 1]
−5 −5 −5
10 10 10 5 20