CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

(Kalimat Pengandaian)
Materi

Pengertian conditional sentences

Conditional sentence (kalimat pengandaian) adalah kalimat yang mengandaikan suatu

keinginan, harapan, rencana, dan Iain-lain yang masih bisa terjadi [possible), sesuatu yang tak
terpenuhi/angan-angan (unreal), dan tak ter- wujud (impossible).

Contoh:

 If I work hard, I will have a lot of money. (Jika aku bekerja keras, aku akan memiliki
banyak uang)

 If I study English, I will get good score in TOEFL. (Jika aku belajar bahasa Inggris, aku akan
mendapatkan nilai yang bagus dalam tes TOEFL)

 If I had a lot of money, I would buy an expensive car. (Jika aku memiliki banyak uang,
aku akan menibeli mobil yang mahal)

 If i were you, I would work in that foreign company. (Jika aku jadi kamu, aku akan
bekerja di perusahaan asing itu)

 If I had got high score in the national examination, I would have studeid in a state
university. (jika aku mendapatkan nilai yang bagus di ujian nasional, aku akan belajar
disebuah perguruan tinggi negeri)

 We would have got the ticket if we had come earlier. (Kita akan mendapatkan tiket jika
kita datang lebih awal.)

Catatan:

Terdapat dua bagian di dalam struktur kalimat pengadaian. yaitu induk Kalimat (main clause)
dan anak kalimat (dalam bentuk if clause).
Contoh:

If I work hard, 1 will have a lot of money.

If clause main clause

 Struktur atau posisi induk dan anak kalimat pada kalimat pengandaian dapat diubah
ubah.

Contoh:

 If I had got high score in the national examination, 1 would have entered state
university.

 1 would have entered state university If I had got high score in the national examination.

Catatan:

Ketika posisi induk kalimat berada di depan, maka tidak perlu adanya pemisah berupa tanda
koma (,) di antara induk dan anak kalimat.

Ketika posisi anak kalimat (if clause) berada di depan, maka digunakan pemisah berupa tanda
koma (,).

KINDS OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

Kalimat pengandaian (conditional sentence) terbagi menjadi tiga, yaitu:

Kalimat pengandaian tipe 1 (type 1)

Pola kalimat pengandaian tipe 1:

If + subject + VI (Simple Present Tense)+Subject + will + VI (Simple Present tense)

atau

If + subect + (be) present + adjective/noun+Subject + will be + adjective/noun

Contoh:

If I study hard, I will pass the final examination. (jika aku belajar dengan sungguh-sungguh, aku
akan lulus dalam ujian akhir)
Keterangan:

> Kalimat pengandaian (conditional sentece) tipe 1 digunakan untuk mengungkapkan atau
mengandaikan sesuatu yang belum terjadi pada waktu sekarang dan memiliki kemungkinan
untuk terjadi dalam waktu dekat. Kalimat semacam ini menjelaskan untuk menyatakan suatu
pola sebab dan akibat.

Kalimat pengandaian tipe 2 (type 2)

Pola kalimat pengandaian tipe 2:

If + subject + V2/simple past tense + Subject + would + Vl/past future tense

atau

If + subject + were + adjective/noun + Subject + would be + adjective/noun

Contoh:

 Rony would buy a new car if he got the job in foreign company. (Rony akan membeli
mobil baru jika ia mendapatkan pekerjaan di perusahaan asing)

 If I passed the company entrance test, I would treat you a plate of steak. (jika aku lulus
dalam tes masuk perusahaan, aku akan mentraktirmu sepiring bistik)

 If I were you, I would apply for that scholarship. (jika aku jadi kamu, aku akan melamar
untuk beasiswa itu)

Keterangan:

 Kalimat pengandaian (conditional sentence) tipe 2 merupakan kalimat yang digunakan

untuk mengungkapkan sesuatu yang tidak mungkin terjadi atau yang bertentangan
dengan kenyataan pada waktu sekarang. Kalimat dengan tipe ini biasanya digunakan
untuk menyatakan suatu khayalan.

 Fakta: fakta yang diungkapkan oleh kalimat pengandaian tipe 2 adalah bahwa saat ini
apa yang diandaikan itu tidak terjadi.
Contoh:

Condotional Sentence:

If I had long holiday, I would visit your home. (jika aku libur panjang, aku akan mengunjungi
rumahmu)

Fakta/Fact :

I have not long holiday. (Aku tidak libur panjang)

Conditional Sentence:

If I were you, I would go to that party. (Kalau aku jadi kamu, aku akan pergi ke pesta itu)

Fact:

I am not you. (Aku bukan kamu)

Catatan : were digunakan baik oleh subjek tunggal maupun jamak. Namun. ada kalanya bentuk
was digunakan pada subjek (I , he, she, it) ketika digunakan pada percakapan tidak formal.

Misalnya : If I was you. I would accept his invitation.

Kalimat pengandaian tipe 3 (type 3)

Pola kalimat pengandaian tipe 3:

If + subject + had + V3/past perfects + subject + would have + V3/past perfect

atau

if + subject + had been + adjective/noun + subject + would have been + adjective/noun

Contoh:

 If I had had enough time, I would have come to your wedding party. (Kalau saja aku
punya waktu yang cukup, aku akan datang ke pesta pernikahanmu)

 Ifl had worked hard, I would have got the promotion for manager position. (Kalau saja
bekerja keras, aku akan mendapatkan promosi untuk jabatan manajer)
  If I hadn’t gone to the mountain, I wouldn’t have had an accident. (Kalau saja aku tidak
pergi ke gunung, aku tidak akan mengalami kecelakaan)

Keterangan:

 Kalimat pengandaian (conditional sentence) tipe 3 adalah kalimat yang mengandaikan

sesuatu yang sudah terjadi dan tidak terjadi di masa lalu. Tipe kalimat ini biasanya
digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu penyesalan.

 Fakta yang diungkapkan dalam kalimat pengandaian ini adalah bahwa apa yang
diandaikan tidak pernah terjadi di masa lalu.

Contoh:

Conditional sentence:

If I had studied English well, I would have got good score in TOEIC. (kalau aku belajar bahasa
Inggris dengan baik, aku akan mendapatkan nilai yang baik di TOEIC.

Fact:

I did not study. Therefore, I had bad score in TOEIC. ( Aku tidak belajar. Maka dari itu, aku
mendapatkan nilai yang buruk di TOEIC. )
 SOAL

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

1. We would not lost our bag it we _____ in

the hotel.

A. left

B. have left

C. had left

D. would leave

E. would have left

2. 'I'm sorry our basketball team has lost.’

'________'

A. You wouldn't if you trained harder

B. You won’t if you train harder .

C. You wouldn't if you would train harder

D. You wouldn't have if you had trained harder

E. You don't if you have trained harder

3. 'Did you buy the computer?'

'No, I would have if my father _____.'

A. had given me the money

B. would give me the money

C. would have given me the money

D. gave me the money

E. was given me the money

4. Thank you for reminding me to send my application forms. _____.

A. I wouldn't miss the deadline if you reminded me

B. lwouldn't have missed the deadline if you had reminded me

C. I will miss the deadline if you don’t remind me

D. l would have missed the deadline l you hadn't reminded me

E. Had you reminded me, I would

5. ‘Do you know that Tanto had withdrawn his money from the ba‘nkjust before it
was liquidated?’

’Oh yes, otherwise he _____ a great deal.’

A. lost

B. would lose

C. has lost

D. had lost

E. would have lost

6. My younger brother thinks that everybody can become an astronaut. He often

asks himself. ”What __ ifl were an astronaut?”

A. do I do

B. will I do

C. would I do

D. am I doing
E. am I going to do

7. If it were not for your education, you ____

such a good position.

A. will not have

B. have not had

C. did not have

D. would not have

E. had not had

8. Had I realize that Tim was a bad driver, I ____ my car.

A. would not lend him

B. did not lend him

C. will not lend him

D. had not lend him

E. would not have lend him

9. ’Are you going to join the students exchange program?'

'I don't think so, I’m not interested: 'If I were you, I __ for it.’

A. apply

B. will apply

C. would apply

D. applied

E. had applied
10. If I work harder, I __ my paper in due time.

A. will finish

B. would finish

C. has Hnish

D. will be f1nishing

E. will have finished

11. I deposited all my idle money in the bank; if not, I _____ it on things I did not
real)’ need.

A. will spend

B. am going to spend

C. could spend

D. am spend

E. would have spent

12. 'John had withdrawn all his money because he needed it for his father’s
operation.'

'______ if his father's health hadn't been in

such bad condition.'

A. He would not take all his money

B. He should take all his money

C. He did not take all his money

D. He must have taken all his money

E. He wouldn’t have taken all his money

13. Why don’t you plan to resign from your

job?’

'Well, if the company _____ me more I would not quit my job.’

A. has paid

B. paid

C. is paying

D. will pay

E. will have paid

14. Had he handed in the application letter

earlier, he _____ last week!

A. would be allowed tojoin interview test

B. was being allowed to join interview test

C. would have been allowed to join interview test

D. he will have been allowed to join interview test

E. he was allowed to join interview test

15. ’How was your test?’

’Not very good. I ___ much better if I had not misread the directions for the last
section.’

A. might do

B. must have done

C. should do
D. could have done

E. would do

16. 'Did Paul get his work done?'

'He _____ if his computer had not broken down.’

A. could

B. could be

C. could not

D. could have

E. could not have

17. ___ about your urgent appointment with the doctor, I could have lent you my
car.

A. If you had told me

B. Had you told me

C. Unless you tell me

D. Only if you tell me

E. Even if vou tell me

18. Many people could have been rescued from the landslide if immediate help
had arrived. From the above statement we may conclude that ______ .

A. a rescue team came immediately to help the victim

B. a lot of people died because of the landslide

C. the landslide did not harm anyone

D. many people rescued themselves from the landslide

E. it wasjust a minor landslide

19. They climbed higher so that they got a better view.

We can also say: ______

A. If they had not climbed higher, they would not have got a better view

B. If they didn't climb higher, they wouldn’t get a better view

C. If they didn’t climb higher, they didn't get a better view

D. If they don't climb higher, they won't get a better view

E. If they won’t climb higher, they don’t get a better view

20. ’lf the company's personnel department had mailed the letter earlier, I would
not have been too late for the interview.'

We may conclude that ______ .

A. I did not want to be interviewed

B. the company did not send the letter

C. I went through the interview

D. the letter came too early

E. I missed the interview

 KUNCI JAWABAN

1. C 11. E

2. D 12. E

3. A 13. B

4. D 14. C

5. E 15. D

6. C 16. D

7. D 17. B

8. E 18. B

9. C 19. A

10. A 20. E

NAMA : MUHAMAD ARIYONO

NO : 22
KELAS : XII TKRO A