ISSUES IN MULTIMEDIA

DESIGN APPLICATION
ISU DALAM APLIKASI REKA BENTUK MULTIMEDIA
There are several issues in
Multimedia authoring:
Terdapat beberapa isu dalam pengarangan Multimedia:

Content Design
Technical Design
Visual Design
 "In multimedia, there are five ways to
format and deliver your message.
You can write it, illustrate it, wiggle it,
hear it, and interact with it." -- D.E.
Wolfgram
"Dalam multimedia, terdapat lima cara untuk memformat dan menyampaikan mesej anda. Anda boleh menulisnya,
menggambarkannya, menggoyangkannya, mendengarnya dan berinteraksi dengannya." -- D.E. Wolfgram
CONTENT DESIGN

Content design involves:

o Scripting (writing)
o Graphics (illustrating)
o Animate (wiggling)
o Audio (hearing)
o Interactivity (interacting)
CONTENT DESIGN
Scripting (writing)

Rules for good writing:

o Understand your audience and correctly address them.
o Keep your writing as simple as possible. (e.g., write out
the full message(s) first, then shorten it.)
o Make sure technologies used complement each other

Peraturan untuk penulisan yang baik:

o Memahami khalayak anda dan menangani mereka dengan betul.
o Pastikan penulisan anda semudah mungkin. (cth., tulis mesej penuh dahulu, kemudian pendekkan.)
o Pastikan teknologi yang digunakan saling melengkapi
CONTENT DESIGN
Graphics (illustrating)

 Make use of pictures to effectively deliver your

messages.
 Create your own (draw, (color) scanner,
PhotoCD, ...), or keep "copy files" of art works.
 Color Themes -- be consistent with the
contents.
- Gunakan gambar untuk menyampaikan mesej anda dengan berkesan.
- Buat sendiri (lukisan, pengimbas (warna), PhotoCD, ...), atau simpan "fail salin" karya seni.
- Tema Warna -- konsisten dengan kandungan.
CONTENT DESIGN
Animate (wiggling)
 Only animate when it has a specific purpose.
o Enhance emotional impact
e.g., dove softly flapping its wings -> peace
e.g., air bag explosion + dummy movements -> car crash
o Make a point
e.g., show insertion of a memory chip onto the
motherboard (much better than a diagram)
e.g., Microsoft Golf (instructional)
Hanya bernyawa apabila ia
mempunyai tujuan tertentu.
- Meningkatkan impak emosi
cth., burung merpati mengepakkan
sayapnya dengan lembut ->
keamanan
cth., letupan beg udara +
pergerakan tiruan -> kemalangan
kereta
- Buat/Tunjuk satu perkara
cth., tunjukkan sisipan cip memori
pada
papan induk (lebih baik daripada
gambar rajah)
cth., Microsoft Golf (arahan)
CONTENT DESIGN
Animate (wiggling)

o Improve information delivery

e.g., "pulsing" words (in and out of screen) - adds
emphasis - Meningkatkan penyampaian maklumat
cth., perkataan "berdenyut" (dalam dan luar skrin) - menambah
penekanan

o Provide a transition to next subsection

e.g., clock/hourglass -> program still running
e.g., animated text -> to prompt for interaction or
response
- Berikan peralihan kepada subseksyen seterusnya
cth., jam/jam pasir -> program masih berjalan
cth., teks animasi -> untuk menggesa interaksi atau
tindak balas
CONTENT DESIGN
Animate (wiggling)
Jenis-jenis animasi:
Mencirikan animasi
Serlahkan dan Berkilau
Teks bergerak
Video
Types of animate:
Characterize animation
Highlight and Sparkels
Moving text
Video
Mencirikan animasi - memanusiakan objek
(cth., berus gigi, kereta, botol kok, dsb.)
o Faktor pemilihan watak
✓ Emosi - Adakah ia gembira, sedih, lucu,
ceroboh, ...?
✓ Pergerakan - Adakah ia pantas,
perlahan, beralun, ...?
✓ Gaya visual - Adakah warna/teksturnya
konsisten dengan
berehat?
✓ Hak Cipta - "Jangan gunakan Mickey
sebelum menyemak dengan
Walt."
✓ Kecukupan - cth., Adakah ia
menyediakan pelbagai pose (tidak boleh
buat batang penyapu duduk!)
 CONTENT DESIGN
Animate (wiggling)
 Characterize animation - humanize an object
(e.g., a toothbrush, a car, a coke bottle, etc.)
o Factors in choosing a character
✓ Emotion - Is it happy, sad, funny, sloppy, ...?
✓ Movement - Is it fast, slow, bumpy, ...?
✓ Visual style - Is its color/texture consistent with the
rest?
✓ Copyright - "Don't use Mickey before checking with
Walt."
✓ Adequacy - e.g., Does it provide various poses (can't
make a broomstick sit!)
 CONTENT DESIGN
Animate (wiggling)

 Highlight and Sparkles

o e.g., to pop a word in/out of the screen, to spark a logo
-> to draw attention
Serlah dan Berkilau
cth., untuk memasukkan perkataan ke dalam/keluar daripada skrin,
untuk mencetuskan logo
-> untuk menarik perhatian
 CONTENT DESIGN
Animate (wiggling)

 Moving Text
o e.g., put up one character at a time like a typewriter or
"pulsing" - the word grows/shrinks (or changes color) a
few times

- Teks Bergerak
cth., letak satu aksara pada satu masa seperti mesin taip atau
"berdenyut" - perkataan tumbuh/mengecut (atau bertukar warna) a
beberapa kali
CONTENT DESIGN
Animate (wiggling)

 Video
o +: more powerful than still images
o +: often easier to obtain than graphics animation
o -: takes a lot of disk space
o -: sometimes needs special hardware

Video
+: lebih berkuasa daripada imej pegun
+: selalunya lebih mudah diperoleh daripada animasi grafik
-: mengambil banyak ruang cakera
-: kadangkala memerlukan perkakasan khas
CONTENT DESIGN
Audio (hearing)

Types of audio:
Music Jenis audio:
- Muzik

Sound effects
- Kesan bunyi
- Penceritaan

Narration
CONTENT DESIGN
Audio (hearing)
- Muzik
 Music menetapkan mood persembahan, meningkatkan emosi, menggambarkan mata

o set the mood of the presentation, enhance the

emotion, illustrate points

 Sound effects
o to make specific points, e.g., squeaky doors,
explosions, wind, ... Kesan bunyi
untuk membuat titik tertentu, cth., pintu berderit, letupan,
angin, ...
 Narration
o most direct message, often effective
Penceritaan
mesej yang paling langsung, selalunya berkesan
CONTENT DESIGN
Interactivity (interaction)

Types of interactive media

Jenis media interaktif
 Menu driven  Menu dipacu
 Hipermedia
 Hypermedia  Simulasi

 Simulation
CONTENT DESIGN
Interactivity (interaction)

Types of interactive media

 Menu driven
CONTENT DESIGN
Interactivity (interaction)

Types of interactive media

 Hypermedia
CONTENT DESIGN
Interactivity (interaction)

Types of interactive media

 Simulation
TECHNICAL DESIGN

 Video Mode and Computer Platform

o There are many "portable", "cross-platform" software and
"runtime modules", but many of them lose quality or
performance during the translation.
 Memory and Disk Space Requirement
o Delivery .Mod Video dan Platform Komputer
-Terdapat banyak perisian "mudah alih", "cross-platform" dan
o Live "modul runtime", tetapi kebanyakannya kehilangan kualiti atau
prestasi semasa terjemahan.
o Network
.Keperluan Memori dan Ruang Cakera
- Penghantaran
 Portable storage- Hidup
- Rangkaian

. Penyimpan mudah alih

VISUAL DESIGN
Tema dan Gaya
- Persembahan multimedia harus mempunyai tema/gaya yang konsisten, tidak boleh
terputus-putus dan berselerak dengan pelbagai tema
- Pilihan tema/gaya bergantung pada gaya dan emosi penonton anda

 Themes and Styles

o A multimedia presentation should have a consistent
theme/style, it should not be disjointed and cluttered with
multiple themes
o The choice of theme/style depends on the styles and
emotions of your audience
 Pace and running length
o Allow a block of text to be slowly read twice
o Transition time should be an indication of real-time
Kepantasan dan panjang larian
- Benarkan blok teks dibaca perlahan dua kali
- Masa peralihan harus menjadi petunjuk masa nyata
VISUAL DESIGN

 Basic layout
o Ensure that the information delivery path in the layout is
smooth, not irregular or jumpy
o use headlines/subtitles, additional shapes, buttons, fonts,
backgrounds and textures to enhance the visual
appearance

Susun atur asas

- Pastikan laluan penyampaian maklumat dalam susun atur adalah lancar, tidak tidak teratur atau
gelisah
- gunakan tajuk/sari kata, bentuk tambahan, butang, fon, latar belakang dan tekstur untuk meningkatkan
penampilan visual