DAFTAR ISI

Hal
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................. i
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................ iii
DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................ ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................... x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................... xii

LAPORAN KERJA PRAKTEK PT. PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA II

UNIT PAGAR MERBAU

BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN........................................................................
1.1. Latar Belakang..................................................................... 1-1
1.2. Tujuan Kerja Praktek ........................................................... 1-1
1.3. Manfaat Kerja Praktek ......................................................... 1-2
1.4. Ruang Lingkup Kerja Praktek ............................................. 1-3
1.5. Metode Kerja Praktek........................................................... 1-4
1.6. Sistematika Penulisan........................................................... 1-4

BAB 2 GAMBARAN UMUM PERUSAHAAN....................................

2.1. Sejarah Perusahaan............................................................... 2-1
2.2. Ruang Lingkup Bidang Usaha.............................................. 2-2
2.3. Lokasi Perusahaan................................................................ 2-3
2.4. Daerah Pemasaran................................................................. 2-3
2.5. Organisasi dan Manajemen................................................... 2-4
2.5.1. Struktur Organisasi Perusahaan.................................. 2-5
2.5.2. Uraian Tugas dan Tanggung Jawab............................ 2-8
2.6. Jumlah Tenaga Kerja dan Jam Kerja.................................... 2-15

BAB 3 PROSES PRODUKSI

3.1. Bahan Baku............................................................................. 3-1
3.2. Proses Pengolahan Kelapa Sawit............................................ 3-1
3.2.1. Stasiun Penerimaan Buah (Friut Reception)................ 3-1
3.2.1.1. Jembatan Timbang......................................... 3-2
3.2.1.2. Sortasi............................................................. 3-2
3.2.1.3. Penimbunan Dan Pemindahan
Buah (Loading Ramp).................................... 3-3
3.2.1.4. Lori TBS......................................................... 3-4
3.2.2. Stasiun Perebusan (Sterillizer Station)......................... 3-6
3.2.3. Stasiun Penembah (Thresing Station)........................... 3-8
3.2.3.1. Alat Pengangkat (Hoisting Crane)................. 3-8
3.2.3.2. Pengisian Otomatis (Auto Feeder)................. 3-9
3.2.4. Stasiun bantingan (Thresher) ....................................... 3-10
3.2.4.1. Bottom Conveyor............................................ 3-11
3.2.4.2. Friut Elevator ................................................ 3-11
3.2.4.3. Top Crossn Conveyor
(Conveyor Silang Atas).................................. 3-12
3.2.5. Stasiun Pengepresan (Pressing Station) ...................... 3-13

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 3.2.5.1. Ketel Adukan (Digester)............................... 3-13
3.2.5.2. Pengempaan (Press)...................................... 3-14
3.2.6. Stasiun Pengolahan Biji (Kernel)................................. 3-14
3.2.6.1. Pemecah Ampas kempah
(Cake Breaker Conveyor).............................. 3-15
3.2.6.2. Pemecah Ampas dan Biji (Depericaper)...... 3-16
3.2.6.3. Nut Polishing Drum...................................... 3-16
3.2.6.4. Wet Nut Elevator........................................... 3-17
3.2.6.5. Silo Biji (Nut Hopper) .................................. 3-17
3.2.6.6. Ripple Mill..................................................... 3-18
3.2.6.7. LTDS(Light Tenera Dust Separator)............ 3-19
3.2.6.8. Claybath ....................................................... 3-20
3.2.6.10. Kernel Dryer................................................. 3-21
3.2.6.11. Bulking Kernel/Silo Inti Kernel .................... 3-22
3.2.7. Stasiun Pemurnian Minyak (Clarification Station)...... 3-22
3.2.7.1. Tangki Pemisah Pasir (Send Trap Tank)....... 3-23
3.2.7.2. Saringan Bergetar (Vibro Sevarator)............ 3-23
3.2.7.3. Tangki Minyak Kasar/Bak RO
(Crude Oil Tank) .......................................... 3-24
3.2.7.4. Tangki Pemisah Minyak
(Continius Setting Tank)................................ 3-24
3.2.7.5. Tangki Minyak (Oil Tank)............................ 3-25
3.2.7.6. Sentri Fuse Minyak (Oil Purifier)................. 3-26
3.2.7.7. Pengeringan Minyak (Vacum Dryer)............ 3-28
3.2.7.8. Tangki Penimbunan Minyak
(Storage Tank)............................................... 3-28
3.2.7.9. Tangki Sludge (Sludge Tank)........................ 3-29
3.2.7.10. Saringan Berputar (Rotary Strainer)............. 3-30
3.2.7.11. Balance Tank................................................ 3-30
3.2.7.12. Sentripusi Sludge (Sludge Separator).......... 3-31
3.2.7.13. Fat Pit........................................................... 3-31
3.2.8. Stasiun Ketel Uap......................................................... 3-32
3.2.8.1. Proses Kerja Ketel Uap................................. 3-33
3.2.8.2. Alat- Alat Yang Terhadap Pada
Stasiun Ketel Uap.......................................... 3-34
3.2.8.3. Hal-Hal Yang Perlu Di Perhatikan
Pada Saat Operasi ......................................... 3-38
3.2.8.4. Urutan Menghidupkan Ketel ........................ 3-40
3.2.8.5. Menghentikan Ketel Uap ............................. 3-41
3.2.9. Stasiun Kamar Mesin.................................................... 3-41
3.2.9.1. Kran Uap Masuk .......................................... 3-43
3.2.9.2. Kran Uap Masuk Otomatis ........................... 3-43
3.2.9.3. Katup Pengaman
(Emergency Valve Trip) ............................... 3-43
3.2.9.4. Putaran Turbin Terlalu Tinggi ...................... 3-43
3.2.9.5. Putaran Terlalu Rendah ................................ 3-43
3.2.9.6. Pengaturan Putaran Otomatis ....................... 3-44
3.2.9.7. Kran Uap Bekas ........................................... 3-44

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 3.2.9.8. Tabung Air Pendingin Minyak Pelumas .... 3-44
3.2.9.9. Alat Ukur .................................................... 3-45
3.2.10. Diesel Genset ............................................................. 3-47
3.2.11. Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN) .............................. 3-48
3.2.12. Lemari Pembagi Listrik
(Main Panel Switching Board) .................................. 3-48
3.2.12. Stasiun Demineralisasi ............................................... 3-49
3.2.12.1. Feed Water Tank ........................................ 3-49
3.2.12.2. Daerator ..................................................... 3-50

BAB 4 ANALISA TEMUAN POSITIF TERHADAP PENERAPAN

KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA
4.1. Latar Belakang ..................................................................... 4-1
4.2. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................ 4-3
4.3. Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................. 4-3
4.4. Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................... 4-3
4.5. Landasan Teori .................................................................... 4-3
4.5.1. Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) .................... 4-4
4.5.2. Tujuan, Saran dan Sasaran Keselamatan dan
Kesehatan Kerja (K3) ................................................ 4-5
4.5.3. Manfaat Penerapan Kesehatan dan Kesehatan (K3)... 4-6
4.5.4. Kecelakaan Kerja ....................................................... 4-8
4.5.4.1. Teori Tiga Faktor Utama (Three Main
Factor Theory)............................................... 4-9
4.5.4.2. Klasifikasi Kecelakaan Kerja ........................ 4-15
4.5.4.3. Pencegahan Kecelakaan ................................ 4-17
4.5.5. Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan
Kesehatan Kerja (K3) ................................................ 4-20
4.5.5.1. Langkah-Langkah Penerapan Keselamatan
dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) ............................ 4-22
4.5.5.2. Hambatan Dalam Penerapan Keselamatan
dan Kesehatan Kerja ..................................... 4-24
4.5.6. Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) ........................................ 4-26
4.6. Metodologi Penelitian ......................................................... 4-27
4.6.1. Metode Penelitian ...................................................... 4-27
4.6.2. Waktu dan Tempat Kerja Praktek .............................. 4-28
4.6.3. Metode Pengumpulan Data ........................................ 4-28
4.6.4. Metode Pengolahan Data ........................................... 4-28
4.6.4.1. Studi Literatur ............................................... 4-29
4.6.4.2. Survei Perusahaan ......................................... 4-29
4.6.4.3. Perumusan Masalah ...................................... 4-29
4.6.4.4. Tujuan dan Batasan Masalah ........................ 4-29
4.6.4.5. Pengumpulan Data ........................................ 4-30
4.7. Hasil Temuan ....................................................................... 4-30
4.7.1. Temuan Positif............................................................ 4-30
4.8. Pembahasan.......................................................................... 4-31
4.8.1. Faktor Penyebab Perusahaan Belum Memberikan
Pelayanan K3 Yang Baik............................................ 4-31

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 4.8.2. Hambatan Dalam Pelaksanaan K3 di Perusahaan .... 4-32
4.8.2.1. Dari Sisi Pekerja/Masyarakat........................ 4-32
4.8.8.2. Hambatan Dari Sisi Perusahaan.................... 4-33
4.8.3. Dampak Bila Suatu Perusahaan Tidak Melakukan
Program K3 Terhadap Karyawannya........................ 4-35
4.9. Analisa Temuan Positif......................................................... 4-36
4.9.1. Analisa Temuan Positif.............................................. 4-36
4.10. Kesimpulan Dan Saran ........................................................ 4-37

BAB 5 EVALUASI TEMUAN NEGATIF DALAM PENERAPAN

KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA (K3)
5.1. Latar Belakang ..................................................................... 5-1
5.2. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................ 5-2
5.3. Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................. 5-2
5.4. Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................... 5-3
5.5. Landasan Teori .................................................................... 5-4
5.5.1. Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) .................... 5-4
5.5.2. Prinsip 5S Dalam Budaya Kerja................................. 5-7
5.5.3. Tujuan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja................. 5-10
5.5.4. Manfaat Penerapan Kesehatan dan Kesehatan........... 5-11
5.5.5. Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan
Kesehatan Kerja (K3)................................................. 5-13
5.5.6. Langkah-Langkah Penerapan Keselamatan
dan Kesehatan Kerja................................................... 5-15
5.5.7. Hambatan Dalam Penerapan Keselamatan
dan Kesehatan Kerja................................................... 5-19
5.6. Alat Pelindung Diri (APD)................................................... 5-21
5.7. Metodologi Penelitian ......................................................... 5-23
5.7.1. Metode Penelitian ...................................................... 5-23
5.7.2. Waktu dan Tempat Kerja Praktek .............................. 5-23
5.7.3. Metode Pengumpulan Data ........................................ 5-23
5.7.4. Metode Pengolahan Data ........................................... 5-23
5.7.4.1. Studi Literatur ............................................... 5-25
5.7.4.2. Survei Perusahaan ......................................... 5-25
5.7.4.3. Perumusan Masalah ...................................... 5-25
5.7.4.4. Tujuan dan Batasan Masalah ........................ 5-25
5.7.4.5. Pengumpulan Data ........................................ 5-26
5.7.4.6. Analisis Hasil ................................................ 5-26
5.7.4.7. Kesimpulan dan Rekomendasi ...................... 5-26
5.8. Hasil dan Pembahasan.......................................................... 5-27
5.8.1. Identifikasi Temuan Negatif Dalam Penerapan
Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja............................ 5-27
5.8.2. Evaluasi Pematuhan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan
Kerja........................................................................... 5-34
5.9. Pembahasan ......................................................................... 5-35
5.10. Kesimpulan dan Saran ......................................................... 5-35
5.10.1. Kesimpulan .............................................................. 5-35

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 5.10.2. Saran......................................................................... 5-36

BAB 6 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

6.1. Kesimpulan .......................................................................... 6-1
6.2. Saran .................................................................................... 6-1
LAMPIRAN
DAFTAR PUSTAKA

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 DAFTAR TABEL
Hal
Tabel 3.1. Tingkat Kematangan Tandan Kelapa Sawit ............................ 3-3
Tabel 3.2. Jenis Bahan Bakar..................................................................... 3-33
Tabel 3.3. Jumlah Air Umpan dan Mutu Air Ketel................................... 3-33
Tabel 4.1. Jumlah Tenaga Kerja................................................................ 4-2
Tabel 4.2. Analisa Temuan Positif............................................................. 4-36
Tabel 5.1. Analisa Temuan Negatif Dalam Penerapan K3........................ 5-28
Tabel 5.2. Pematuhan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD)..................................... 5-34

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Hal

Gambar 2.1. Struktur Organisasi PT. Perkebunan Nusantara II

PKS Kebun Pagar Merbau ................................................... 2-7
Gambar 3.1. Jembatan Timbang................................................................ 3-2
Gambar 3.2. Sortasi.................................................................................... 3-3
Gambar 3.3. Loading Ramp....................................................................... 3-4
Gambar 3.4. Lori ....................................................................................... 3-5
Gambar 3.5. Capstand dan Bollard........................................................... 3-5
Gambar 3.6. Ketel Rebusan (Sterillizer).................................................... 3-6
Gambar 3.7. Hoisting Crane ..................................................................... 3-8
Gambar 3.8. Auto Feeder........................................................................... 3-9
Gambar 3.9. Thresher ............................................................................... 3-10
Gambar 3.10. Bottom Conveyor................................................................... 3-11
Gambar 3.11. Friut Elevator........................................................................ 3-12
Gambar 3.12. Conveyor Silang Atas............................................................ 3-12
Gambar 3.13. Digester................................................................................. 3-13
Gambar 3.14. Screw Press........................................................................... 3-14
Gambar 3.15. Cake Breaker Conveyor........................................................ 3-15
Gambar 3.16. Depericarper......................................................................... 3-16
Gambar 3.17. Nut Polishing Drum.............................................................. 3-17
Gambar 3.18. Wet Nut Elevator................................................................... 3-17
Gambar 3.29. Nut Hopper............................................................................ 3-18
Gambar 3.20. Ripple Mill............................................................................. 3-18
Gambar 3.21. LTDS (Kiri) dan LTDS II (Kanan)....................................... 3-19
Gambar 3.22. Clay Bath .............................................................................. 3-20
Gambar 3.23. Kernel Dryer......................................................................... 3-21
Gambar 3.24. Kernel Bunker....................................................................... 3-22
Gambar 3.25. Send Trap Tank..................................................................... 3-23
Gambar 3.26. Vibro Sevarator..................................................................... 3-24
Gambar 3.27. Crude Oil Tank...................................................................... 3-24
Gambar 3.28. Continous Setting Tank......................................................... 3-25
Gambar 3.29. Oil Tank ................................................................................ 3-25
Gambar 3.30. Oil Purifier ........................................................................... 3-27
Gambar 3.31. Vacum Dryer ........................................................................ 3-28
Gambar 3.32. Storage Tank......................................................................... 3-29
Gambar 3.33. Tangki Sludge (Sludge Tank)................................................ 3-29
Gambar 3.34. Balance Tank......................................................................... 3-30
Gambar 3.35. Sludge Separator................................................................... 3-31
Gambar 3.36. Bak Fat Fit............................................................................ 3-31
Gambar 3.37. Stasiun Ketel Uap.................................................................. 3-32
Gambar 3.38. Turbin Uap ........................................................................... 3-41
Gambar 3.49. Back Pressure Vessel............................................................ 3-47
Gambar 3.40. Mesin Diesel.......................................................................... 3-48
Gambar 3.41. Lemari Pembagi Listrik......................................................... 3-49
Gambar 3.42. Feed Water Tank .................................................................. 3-50

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Gambar 3.43. Daerator ............................................................................... 3-50
Gambar 4.1. Prinsip Dasar Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan
Kesehatan Kerja.................................................................... 4-20
Gambar 4.1. Flowchart Penelitian............................................................... 4-28
Gambar 5.1. Prinsip Dasar Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan
Kesehatan Kerja.................................................................... 5-13
Gambar 5.1. Flowchart Penelitian............................................................... 5-24

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 DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Hal

Lampiran 1. Dokumentasi ........................................................................... L-1

Lampiran 2. Process Flow Sheet ................................................................ L-2
Lampiran 3. Lay Out .................................................................................. L-3

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 DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Ari Wahyu Rismawati, 2016. “Penerapan Keamanan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja
Pada Praktik Membatik” (Tasikmalaya)

Dr.Ir.Ponten. M. Naibaho, 1995. “Teknologi Proses Pengolahan Kelapa Sawit”. Medan.

Salmawati, Lusia, 2015. “Hubungan Penerapan Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan

Kesehatan Kerja Dengan Motivasi Krja dan Stres Kerja” (Yogyakarta)

Syakura, Abdan, S.T., M.T, 2007, “Mesin-Mesin Pabrik Pengolahan Kelapa Sawit”,
(ITM, Medan).

Selayang Pandang, PTPN II Pagar Merbau.

Vadem mecum, “Bidang Teknik Dan Teknologi Kelapa Sawit”,

(PTPN II, Sumatera Utara).

PT. Perkebunan Nusantara II, 2007, “Standar Prosedur Operasi”,

(PTPN II, Sumatera Utara).

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